VISN1111

Geometrical and Physical Optics

2013

Tutorial-4
1.

a) A thin lens of refractive index ng has a focal length fa in air. Show that its
focal length fw when immersed in water of refractive index nw is given by
(n g 1)
fw = nw
fa.
(n g n w )
b) A thin equiconcave lens made of crown glass (ng =1.52) has a power of
8 D when it is immersed in water(nw =1.33). What will be its power when it
is in air?
Ans: -21.9 D

2.

A photographic transparency 35 mm 25 mm is to be projected onto a screen

2.1 m from the slide and to produce an image 700 mm 500 mm. Calculate
the power of the lens required and its position relative to the transparency.
Ans. F = 10.5 D ; l = 10.0 cm.

3.

For a thin lens in air show that h/h = 1

4.

A thin converging lens of focal length f is to cast a real image N times greater
than the objects size. Show that l = (N + 1) f , where N is a positive integer.

5.

A real inverted image of an object is formed on a screen by a thin lens, and the
image and object are equal in size. When a second thin lens is placed in
contact with the first the screen must be moved 2 cm nearer the lenses in order
to obtain a clear image, and the size of this image is that of the first image.
Find the focal lengths of the two lenses.
Ans. + 4 cm and +24 cm.

6.

An object 5 cm from the first focal point of a thin converging lens produces a
real image 20 cm from the second focal point. If the radius of the first surface
is + 0.2 m and the refractive index of the glass is 1.5, find the radius of the
second surface and the linear magnification.
Ans. r2 = 6.667 cm and m = 2.

7.

An eyepiece is made of two thin lenses, each of +20 mm focal length,

separated by a distance of 16 mm.
a) Where must a small object be positioned so that light from the object is
rendered parallel by the combination?
b) Does the eye see an image erect relative to the object? What is the linear
magnification of the final image? Use a ray diagram to answer these
questions by inspection.
Ans: 3.3 mm in front of the objective, erect, .

VISN1111(2013)

lF
Use this relationship to show
(1 + lF )
that a thin diverging lens always produces an erect but diminished image of a
real, finite object.

Week 6

Please attempt the following problems after the First Lecture-Week 6

Practice Problems:
1.

Consider a negative lens of focal length f =5 cm. An object is placed 4 cm.

in front of the lens. Find the image distance from the lens separately, a)
starting with Newton's formula, and b) using the Gauss law.
Ans. 2.22 cm to the left.

2.

A person uses spectacle lenses of 10 D and wishes to change to contact

lenses. His cornea is at a distance of 13 mm from the spectacle lens. What
should be the contact lens power to provide the correction?
Ans: -8.85D.

3.

A positive thin lens in air, of focal length 10 cm is subject to incident plane

waves. Find the curvature or vergence of the wavefront both at 5 cm and at 20
cm beyond the lens.
Ans. 20 D, -10 D.
[Note here that the curvature changes from a positive value before F to a
negative value beyond F as the converging rays become diverging.]

4.

A negative thin lens in air of focal length -10 cm is subject to incident plane
waves. What is the curvature or vergence of the wavefront 25 cm beyond the
lens?
Ans. 2.86 D
[Note here that the wavefront beyond the lens loses curvature (decreasing from
10 D immediately after the lens to 2.86 D, 25 cm beyond the lens]

5.

Three lenses of focal lengths 10 cm, 20 cm, and 40 cm are placed in contact
to form a single, compound lens.
a) Determine the powers of the individual lenses and that of the unit, in
diopters.
b) Determine the vergence of an object point 12 cm from the unit and that of
the resulting image. Find the location of the image.
Ans: a) 10 D,5 D,-2.5 D ; 12.5 D b) 8.36 D, 24 cm.

VISN1111(2013)

Week 6