www.dinosaurzoolive.com
Pack Contents
About Erth Visual & Physical Inc
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Dinosaur Discoveries
Of Australia
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Fun Stuff
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References
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Erth bring the impossible to life. Over 21 years, the company has developed a
truly fantastic aesthetic and an extraordinary box of tricks, the foundations of
its unique visual theatre works.
Since its beginnings, the company has strived to provide audiences with eye
popping visual experiences from giant puppetry and stilt walkers to inflatable
environments.
Erth regularly tour internationally, to every major Australian festival and to regional
and major city venues around the country.
Erth's Dinosaur Zoo has toured throughout Australia and overseas for several
years. More than a million people have seen Erth dinosaurs in performance works
(such as Dinosaur Zoo) and in museums.
Erth's performances and pieces range from large scale interactive environments
such as The Garden, a prehistoric landscape inhabited by giant insects, which
premiered at the Melbourne International Festival of Arts, to more intimate works
touring to theatre spaces.
The company has also been commissioned by major museums including The
Australian Museum, Auckland War Memorial Museum, Powerhouse Museum
(Sydney), The Field Museum in Chicago and the Natural History Museum in
Los Angeles.
Nyols from I, Bunyip
Erth's design studio has built work for a huge
range of cultural institutions and commercial
clients, from Sydney Opera House and City
of Sydney, to the primetime Spanish television
program, El Hormiguero.
About the
Dinosaur Zoo
The Dinosaur Zoo is a unique show that allows heaps
of interaction for children and adults whilst they travel with
the Erth performers on a journey through prehistoric Australia.
Baby Dryosaur
Australovenator
But watch out! Not all the dinosaurs are as tame as they might
seem!
The most impressive puppet show
we have ever seen"!
I took my 5 year old son and a
friends 10 year old daughter and
we were all transfixed
Baby Dryosaur
The Dinosaur Zoo is a very cool show that is presented as a live animal display, like
Steve Irwin would have done at Australia Zoo, but instead of crocodile and snakes we
have dinosaurs.
All of the dinosaurs and prehistoric creatures are Australian and during the show we let
kids come up and pat them, feed them and if the kids behave badly, we feed them to
the dinosaurs (joking)!
When you were younger, did you ever think you would
be involved in something like the type of work Erth
creates?
No, not really, but as a child I was an extrovert, and I also
loved puppets and made my own puppets. The two things
had to come together at some point.
We do a lot of work with museums throughout the world, making life size dinosaur
puppets, and we decided that we would make some of our own and promote Australia
prehistoric natural history.
The show is very funny but educational at the same time. We always get people
coming up to us at the end of the show telling us how much they enjoyed the show,
and how they didnt know what to expect but were really pleased that they came.
Aesthetically, the show looks interesting. What about the storyline? Does any
plot exist?
Theres no real storyline. It really is a live animal presentation. Of course, each
dinosaur comes with a back story about where it came from, what it eats, etc.
The response and enthusiasm is wonderful, and you feel like the show evolves
with every thank you and round of applause.
Baby Dryosaurs
Leaellynasaura
But what types of dinosaur are you likely to meet in the Dinosaur Zoo ?
You will see an amazing selection of dinosaurs that inhabited the landscape
millions of years ago.
You will also have the opportunity to help feed, water and care for the dinosaurs
with simple lessons in animal husbandry.
The dinosaurs and other creatures on display once roamed the southern
hemisphere millions of years ago. From the smallest baby Dryosaur to the
Meganuera Dragony one of the largest insects ever to have lived on the planet!
Over the next few pages is a quick preview of some of the prehistoric marvels you
are likely to encounter!
Fact File
How to S ay it :
M eg -a-N E W-ra
Nam e Me a n s:
Fam il y G ro u p:
M eg an eu ri d ae
Meganeura
Meganeura was a gigantic primitive dragonfly with a 70cm
wingspan.
Meganeura were predatory, they fed on other insects and
even small amphibians.
It flew to hunt flying insects above tropical forests and had
swiveling, multifaceted eyes like headlamps which were
quick to spot movement and sharp enough to allow it to
pounce on flying prey.
P er io d:
C arbon i ferou s
30 0 M YA
Whe re Fo u nd :
Worl d wi d e
Meganeura flew by
beating two pairs of
wings stiffened by
veins.
1st Di sc ove re d:
F ran ce, 1 8 8 0
Wi ng s pa n:
7 0 cm perh aps
m ore
Fo od :
Spe ci al Fe at u res :
On e of th e
l arg est fl yi ng
i n s ects to h ave
exi s ted .
Ol d er th an th e
d i n os au rs
Fact Fil e
Dryosaur
How to S ay it :
D ry-O-s aw
Nam e Me a n s:
Baby Dryosaur
Fam il y G ro u p:
D ryos au ri d ae
Pe r iod :
Late J u ras s i c
1 45-1 61 M YA
Where Fo und :
U S A + S ou th ern
H em i s ph ere
1st Di sc ove re d:
U S A, 1 8 8 0 ' s
He igh t :
1 . 5 m etres
Len g t h:
3. 7 m etres
Weig ht :
9 0 0 kg
Food :
P l an ts
Sp ec i al Fe a t u res :
B eak.
F i ve fi n g ers for
g ri ppi n g food
Adult Male
Dryosaur
Fa ct File
How to S a y it :
Lee-el -i n -a-saw-rah
Nam e Me a n s:
Leaellynasaura
Leaellynasaura is one of many dinosaurs whose
partial remains have been dug (and blasted) out of
the solid rocks of Dinosaur Cove in the south east of
Australia.
Fam il y G ro u p:
U n d eci d ed !
Per io d:
E arl y C retaceou s
1 0 4-1 1 2 M YA
W he re Fo u nd :
Au s tral i a
1st Di sc ove re d:
Au s tral i a, 1 9 8 9
Hei g ht :
U n kn own
L e ng th:
2 -3 M etres
We i g ht:
U n kn own
Fo od:
P l an ts
Sp e ci al Fe at u res :
Lon g tai l
com pared to
bod y s i ze
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Fact File
How to S ay it :
M i n -mee
Nam e Me a n s:
N am ed after M i n m i
C ros s i n g , Qu een s l an d
Minmi
Minmi is a type of small, armoured dinosaur from
a group known as ankylosaurians.
Minmi had four long (for an ankylosaurian) legs,
with hind legs that were larger than front legs, a
short neck and a wide skull with a very small brain.
Fam il y G ro u p:
An kyl os au ri d ae
Pe r io d :
E arl y C retaceou s
1 1 3-1 1 9 M YA
Baby Minmi
Wh ere Fo u n d :
Au s tral i a
1st D i sc ove re d:
Au s tral i a, 1 9 64
He ig h t :
1 m etre approx
Le n g t h:
2 m etres
We ig ht :
50 0 /7 0 0 kg
Foo d :
P l an ts
Sp ec i al F e at u res :
B el l y arm ou r: n ot
kn own on oth er
arm ou red
d i n os au rs
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Fact File
How to S ay it :
Na me Me an s :
Australovenator
S ou th ern H u n ter
Fam il y G ro u p:
N eoven atori d ae
Pe r io d :
M i d C retaceou s
9 8 -1 0 0 M YA
Where Fo un d :
Au s tral i a
1st Di sc ove re d:
Au s tra l i a , 2 0 0 6
He igh t :
1 . 5 m etres at h i p
Len g t h:
5 m etres
Wei g ht :
50 0 kg
Food :
M eat
Sp ec i al Fe at u res :
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Fa ct File
Titanosaur
How to S ay it :
Ti e-tan -O-s aw
Nam e Me a n s:
Ti tan i c Li zard
Fam il y G ro u p:
Ti tan os au ri d ae
Pe r io d :
C retaceou s
65- 9 6 M YA
Where Fo un d :
Al l con ti n en ts
1st D i sc ove re d:
S ou th Am eri ca +
India in 1 877
He igh t :
U p to 1 8 m etres
Len g t h:
U p to 35m etres
We ig ht :
U p to 1 0 0 ton n es
Food :
P l an ts
Sp ec i al Fe at u res :
Very Larg e!
Las t s u rvi vi n g
s au ropod s
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Until quite recently, finds of dinosaurs in Australia were few and far between.
The Australian dinosaur record has long been an intriguing puzzle, but with most of the
pieces missing. Australian dinosaurs are known mostly from fragmentary fossils.
During the Mesozoic era, Australias
position (as part of the super continent
Pangaea) was much further South than
it is today.
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Finds include:
The iguanodont Muttaburrasaurus
Both are somewhat atypical of their groups and suggest that Australian dinosaurs
may turn out to be rather different from their contemporaries elsewhere in the
world.
Queensland has also produced two very incomplete sauropod skeletons:
Rhoetosaurus brownei from the Middle Jurassic (170 mya)
Austrosaurus
And more recently, the Winton Formation in Central Queensland is the site of 3
new discoveries:
Australovenator wintonensis : Australias most complete carnivorous therapod
The opal fields of Lightning Ridge in New South Wales have produced virtually all
of Australias opalised dinosaur bones.
In South Australia, the Andamooka opal field has produced a single bone of a small
theropod called Kakuru. Much more common than dinosaurs in the Australian opal
fields are the bones of marine reptiles, particularly plesiosaurs. Whereas the
opalised dinosaur remains are all single bones, a few nearly complete opalised
skeletons of marine reptiles have been found at Andamooka and Coober Pedy in
South Australia and White Cliffs in New South Wales.
Click here to find out more about the formation of opalised fossils
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Western Australia
From the vast area of Western Australia, only a few dinosaur bones have been
discovered in three different marine formations ranging in age from the Middle
Jurassic (170 mya) to the Late Cretaceous (90 mya). One of the oldest is a partial
bone of a theropod named Ozraptor. Systematic searching for fossil marine reptiles
continues in Western Australia, and may eventually yield an occasional dinosaur
bone.
Victoria
In Victoria, a large number of isolated bones (but only two partial skeletons, both
hypsilophodontids) have been found in a few small coastal outcrops. For a decade,
bones were mostly found at a site called Dinosaur Cove near Cape Otway. At this
locality it was necessary to blast tunnels underground to reach the fossils. The site
was considered exhausted at the end of 1994. Work is now underway at another
site 300 km to the east of Dinosaur Cove called Flat Rocks, near Inverloch.
Flat Rocks is about 10 million years older than Dinosaur Cove. The most common
dinosaurs found at these locations are hypsilophodontids, but theropods,
ornithomimiosaurs, protoceratopsians, and ankylosaurs have also been found.
The most abundant and diverse group of dinosaurs in Victoria are the
hypsilophodontids : small dinosaurs with long hind limbs, short forelimbs, long
tails and a herbivorous diet. They are generally a rare group of dinosaurs in other
parts of the world.
Three new species have been named based on specimens discovered in Victoria:
Atlascopcosaurus: A small bipedal herbivore
Leaellynasaura: A small herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur
Qantassaurus: A twolegged herbivorous ornithischian
There are probably at least two more hypsilophodontid genera to be named from
remains found in Victoria.
Most dinosaur groups found in Victoria are represented by just a few fragments of
teeth and bone.
These fragments hint that there is much more to be found in Victoria. Amongst the
findings are fossil remains of:
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Opalised Fossils
Australia is the only place on Earth where opalised animal fossils are found. These
are no ordinary fossils (if there is such a thing), these incredible relics are made of
solid opal, sometimes with rainbows of shimmering colour. These fossils are of
global scientific interest and are amongst the most beautiful and valuable fossils in
the world.
Opal forms in cavities within rocks. If a cavity has formed because a bone, shell or
pinecone was buried in sand or clay that later became rock and the conditions are
right for opal formation, then the opal forms a fossil replica of the original object
that was buried.
Opalised pine
cones.
Note the variety
in shape and
size.
Opal starts as a solution of silica in water. If the silica solution fills an empty space
left by a bone/shell that has rotted away, it may harden to form a cast of the
original object. Most opalised shell fossils are this type of fossil the outside
shape is beautifully preserved, but the opal inside doesnt retain any of the
creatures internal structure.
If the buried organic material has not rotted away and a silica solution soaks into
it, when the silica hardens it may form an opal replica of the internal structure of
the object. This happens sometimes with wood or bone.
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The main style of puppetry used in Dinosaur Zoo is a modied style of Bunraku
(bunrahkoo) puppetry, a form of puppetry that originated in Japan over 400 years
ago.
In Bunraku, there are usually several puppeteers who manipulate the puppet directly
and are visible throughout the play rather than being hidden .
Usually 3 puppeteers will operate 1 puppet in Bunraku each puppeteer is
responsible for moving a different part of the body.
Fun Stuff
Make your own mini dinosaur puppets
In ve nt-a -s a ur u s
Print and cut out the following two pages of dinosaur parts. Can you
use the different body parts to invent your own species of dinosaur?
Use the dinosaur fact file template included in the stage one resources to
create a profile for your dinosaur creation!
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In ve nt-a -s a ur u s
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In ve nt-a -s a u ru s
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Now you have seen the show- we hope you have lots to talk about and will
have a lively discussion all about it!
Use the following questions to start the discussion
What did you see in the show?
What do you remember most strongly about the performance?
Can you remember any dinosaur facts?
Did you join in with any parts of the show?
Did you like the show?
Do you have a favourite moment?
Can you mimic your favorite puppet or character from the show or act out a
moment from the show?
Try out different ways of describing memorable moments from the show*
*Remember- you can describe things in various ways: verbally, in writing, by
drawing pictures or through movement.
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References
This pack has been created by Norwich Puppet Theatre in partnership with Erth
Visual & Physical .Inc and Norfolk and Norwich Festival .
This pack was researched, compiled and designed by: Gemma Khawaja , with
support from the Erth website resource: http://www.erth.com.au/#/HOME
Additional support from Erth team contributers:
Anna Young, Scott Wright, Erth Photographer: Leo Bonne
Internet References:
http://dinodictionary.com/index.asp
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinosaur
Natural History Museum: Dinosaurs
Australian Opal Centre: Fossils
Museum of Victoria: Dinosaurs
Melbourne Museum: 600 Million Years Ago
Queensland Museum: Dinosaurs
Australian Age Of Dinosaurs
Book References: