Lecture by:
Unit-III
DSS and AI: DSS models and software:
The decision making process - Structured,
Semi Structured and Unstructured
problems; What if analysis, Sensitivity
analysis, Goal-seeking Analysis and
Optimizing Analysis. Overview of AI,
Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic Systems,
Genetic Algorithms - Expert Systems.
Characteristics of DSS:
6. Allow to interact
Architecture of DSS:
MIS
Model
DSS
Data
DSS
Model
TPS
Data
DSS
Program
Reports
Work Station
DSS
Data
External
Data
Overview of DSS:
TPS
Finance Data
Sales data
HR data
MR data
Inventory Data
MIS
EIS
DSS
Database
DSS
Software
User Interface
DSS
Models
Structured model
Forecasting
models
Operational model
Planning Models
DSS Models:
1. What-If analysis
2. Sensitivity analysis
3. Goal seeking analysis
4. Optimization analysis
Decision-Making Processes:
Intelligence
Design
Choice
Select a solution
Implementation
DSS Types:
1. Data Access System
2. Data Analysis System
3. Forecast Oriented Data Analysis System
ROBOTICS
Intelligent
System
Perceptive
System
AI
Expert
System
Expert
System
Development
Environment
Consultative
Environment
Components of ES:
4.User interface
Benefits of ES:
1. Cost reduction in terms of the decision making process.
2. Increases the efficiency of result or output.
3. Good quality of information or decision making.
4. Possible to reduce valuable time in process of decision
making.
Neural networks :
Hardware or software that attempts to emulate the processing
patterns of the biological brain.
Applications
As powerful problem solvers
As biological models
Experiment:
Pigeon in Skinner box
Present paintings of two different artists (e.g. Chagall
/ Van Gogh)
Reward for pecking when presented a particular artist
(e.g. Van Gogh)
Genetic algorithms :
Problem-solving methods that promote the evolution of solutions to specified
problems using the model of living organisms adapting to their environment.
Population of
individuals or alternative
(feasible) solutions
Next generation
of
individuals
Arbitrarily change
some characteristic
Select individuals Heredity
& exchange characteristics to create
new individuals
Evaluate individuals
on their fitness
Select individuals
based on fitness
for subsequent mating
Mating pool of
fitter
individuals