includes stopping and anchoring, but only in so far as the same are incidnetal
to ordinary navigation or are rendered necessary by force majeure or distress
or for the purpose of rendering assistance to persons, ships or aircraft in
danger or distress. Passage is innocent so long as it is not prejudicial to the
peace, good order or security of the coastal State.
Right of Involuntary Entrance. It is the right of any foreign merchant
vessel to enter the territorial waters of a state in case of emergency such as
lack of provisions, unseaworthiness of the vessel, bad weather, pursuit of
pirated or other force majeure.
ARCHIPELAGIC DOCTRINE
The second sentence of a Article I is an affirmation of the archipelagic
doctrine. By this doctrine is meant that a group os islands shall be considered
as a national unit. The waters around, between and connecting every island
on the group regardless of their breadth and dimensions wil be treated as
part of the internal waters. The doctrine implies full dominion and sovereign
rights over the waters among the island, which comprise the Philippine
Archipelago. With the application of the Archipelago Doctrine, the identity of
the Republic of the Philippines as one stat is peserved and the Filipino nation
looked upon as a unit and not as splintered into 7,104 islands (Martin, 1960).
Under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on April
30, 1982, which was ratified by the Philippines in 1983, provides for a
Contiguous Zone measuring 12 miles. Notwithstanding the fact that the
Article I of the constitution did not provide for an Exclusive Economic Zone of
200 Nautical Miles, the Exclusive Economic Zone is a recognized principle of
international law. As such is recognized under our Constitution by virtue of its
adoption of the generally accepted principles of Internation Law. the exclusive
economic zone shall extend to a distance of two hundred nautical miles
beyond and from the baselines from which the territorial sea is measured.
Provided, that, where the outer limits of the zone as thus determined overlap
the economic zone of an adjacent or neighboring state, the common
boundaried shall be determined by agreement with the state soncerned or in
accordance with pertinent generally recognized principles of internation law
on delimination.
The State has the sovereign rights over the Exclusive Economic Zone
to explore, manage and exploit all the natural resources, living and non-living
in its waters, the seabed and subsoil