Essential Words

By:
H. Karimian
504 Absolutely Essential Words
Lesson 1
Word Synonym Antonym
abandon ‫ﺭﻫﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ desert, quit, give up, leave keep, retain, continue
keen ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺱ‬ sharp, eager, intense, sensitive blunt, dull, apathetic
jealous ‫ﺣﺴﻮﺩ‬ wanting what someone else has
tact ‫ﮐﺎﺭﺩﺍﻧﻲ‬ ability to say the right thing tactlessness, indiscretion
oath ‫ﻗﺴﻢ‬ a promise that something is true, a curse
vacant ‫ﺧﺎﻟﻲ‬ empty, not filled full, occupied
hardship ‫ﺳﺨﺘﻲ‬ difficulty, something that is hard to bear ease, comfort, prosperity
gallant ‫ﺷﺠﺎﻉ‬ brave, showing respect for women cowardly, rude
data ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‬ facts, information
unaccustomed ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺄﻧﻮﺱ‬ not used to something
bachelor ‫ﻣﺠﺮﺩ‬ a man who has not married
qualify ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻲ‬ become fit, show that you are able
Lesson 2
corpse ‫ﺟﻨﺎﺯﻩ‬ a dead body, usually of a person
conceal ‫ﭘﻨﻬﺎﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ hide, disguise reveal
dismal ‫ﺗﺎﺭﻳﮏ ﻭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‬ dark and depressing cheerful, bright
frigid ‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺳﺮﺩ‬ very cold hot, passionate
inhabit ‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ live in
numb ‫ﺑﻲﺣﺲ‬ without power of feeling, deadened sensitive, responsive
peril ‫ﺧﻄﺮ‬ danger safety, security
recline ‫ﺗﮑﻴﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ lie down, stretch out, lean back
shriek ‫ﻓﺮﻳﺎﺩ‬ scream
sinister ‫ﺷﺮﻭﺭ‬ evil, wicked, dishonest, frightening good, innocent
temp ‫ﺍﻏﻔﺎﻝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ try to get someone to do something
wager ‫ﺷﺮﻁ‬ bet
1
Lessons 1-2
Word Synonym Antonym jealous of
anecdote ‫ﺣﻜﺎﻳﺖ‬ tale, story
battle ‫ﻧﺒﺮﺩ‬ fight, conflict
break in ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ get in
take an oath
breed ‫ ﻧﺴﻞ‬،‫ﻧﮋﺍﺩ‬ type, kind
buddy ‫ ﺭﻓﻴﻖ‬،‫ﺩﻭﺳﺖ‬ friend let out an oath
butler ‫ﺁﺑﺪﺍﺭﭼﻲ‬
cemetery ‫ﻗﺒﺮﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ graveyard build on
cheat ‫ ﮔﻮﻝ ﺯﺩﻥ‬،‫ﺗﻘﻠﺐ‬ deceive, defraud
chorus ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﮐﺮ‬ singing group give up
cloak ‫ﺧﺮﻗﻪ‘ ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬ cover, coat reveal
closet ‫ﮔﻨﺠﻪ‬ secret, private open qualify for
coffin ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻮﺕ‬ sarcophagus, tomb
contest ‫ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬،‫ﻧﺰﺍﻉ‬ competition, fight
contraband, bandit ‫ ﺭﺍﻫﺰﻥ‬،‫ﻗﺎﭼﺎﻕ‬ thief, outlaw
put on/over
cot ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻧﻜﺎﺭ‬ crib, cradle
couch ‫ ﺗﺨﺖ‬،‫ﻧﻴﻤﻜﺖ‬ settee treat in
court ‫ﺩﺍﺩﮔﺎﻩ‬
disobey ‫ﺳﺮﭘﻴﭽﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ defy, challenge obey recline in/on/by
fire ‫ﮐﻨﺎﺭ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ let off
flee ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ run away, escape bet on
flirt ‫ﻻﺱ ﺯﺩﻥ‬
generous ‫ ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺪﻩ‬،‫ﺳﺨﻲ‬ big-hearted tight-fisted
grave ‫ﮔﻮﺭ‬ tomb
hire ‫ﺍﺟﻴﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ rent, employ
hunter ‫ﺷﮑﺎﺭﭼﻲ‬ seeker, huntsman Abandon:
janitor ‫ ﺳﺮﺍﻳﺪﺍﺭ‬،‫ﺩﺭﺑﺎﻥ‬ gatekeeper, caretaker "To put under another's
landlord ‫ﻣﺎﻟﮏ‬ owner, proprietor tenant
control", "to give up"
lean ‫ﺗﮑﻴﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ incline, bend
lot ‫ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬،‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ batch, set Sinister:
maid ‫ﺩﻭﺷﻴﺰﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺯﻥ ﺟﻮﺍﻥ‬ "On the left" (in Latin)
marched out ‫ﺑﻪ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ‬
offer ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ‬ proposal, suggestion
puddle ‫ﭼﺎﻟﻪ‬
revenge ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﻡ‬ vengeance
slum ‫ﻣﺤﻠﻪ ﮐﺜﻴﻒ‬
spirit ‫ﺭﻭﺡ‬ soul, ghost
split ‫ﺷﮑﺎﻓﺘﻦ‬ separate, break up unite
spotlight ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‘ ﺗﻤﺮﮐﺰ‬ attention, focus on
stair ‫ﭘﻠﻪ‬ step
swear ‫ﻗﺴﻢ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‬ promise, curse
teller ‫ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻠﺪﺍﺭ‬ cashier, bank clerk
territory ‫ﻗﻠﻤﺮﻭ‬ region, terrain
terror ‫ﺗﺮﺱ‬ fear, dread security
tombstone ‫ﺳﻨﮓ ﻗﺒﺮ‬ gravestone, headstone
trick ‫ﺣﻘﻪ‘ ﻓﺮﻳﺐ‬ deception, cheat
trouble ‫ﺯﺣﻤﺖ‬ problem, difficulty ease
upbringing ‫ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺵ‬،‫ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ‬ education, rearing
widow ‫ﺯﻥ ﺑﻴﻮﻩ‬
witness ‫ﺷﺎﻫﺪ‬ observer, spectator
2
Lesson 3
typical ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ‬ usual, of a kind exceptional
minimum ‫ﮐﻤﺘﺮﻳﻦ‬ the lowest amount maximum
scarce ‫ﮐﻤﻴﺎﺏ‬ hard to get, rare plentiful, abundant, frequent
annual ‫ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ‬ once a year
persuade ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ win over, convince, make willing dissuade, discourage
essential ‫ﺿﺮﻭﺭﻱ‬ necessary, very important unnecessary, non-essential
blend ‫ﻣﺨﻠﻮﻁ‬ mix together thoroughly, a mixture
visible ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺭﺅﻳﺖ‬ able to be seen invisible, hidden
expensive ‫ﮔﺮﺍﻧﻘﻴﻤﺖ‬ costly, high-priced cheap, economical
talent ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﺪﺍﺩ‬ natural ability
devise ‫ﻃﺮﺡ‬ think out, plan, invent
wholesale ‫ﻋﻤﺪﻩ‬ in large quantity, less than retail in price partial, selective
Lesson 4
vapor ‫ﺑﺨﺎﺭ‬ fog, mist
eliminate ‫ﺣﺬﻑ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ get ride of, remove, omit
villain ‫ﺷﺮﻭﺭ‬ a very wicked person
dense ‫ﻣﺘﺮﺍﮐﻢ‬ closely packed together, thick sparse, thin, light, clever
utilize ‫ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ make use of
humid ‫ﻣﺮﻃﻮﺏ‬ moist, damp dry, arid
theory ‫ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪ‬ hypothesis, thesis
descend ‫ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ‬ come down ascend, climb
circulate ‫ﭼﺮﺧﺶ‬ go around
enormous ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ extremely large, huge minute, tiny
predict ‫ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ anticipate, foretell, tell beforehand
vanish ‫ﻧﺎﭘﺪﻳﺪ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ disappear appear, materialize
3
Lessons 3-4
set a wage
aggravate ‫ﺑﺪﺗﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ make worse, exaggerate alleviate
altitude ‫ﺍﺭﺗﻔﺎﻉ‬ height, elevation
anger ‫ﻋﺼﺒﺎﻧﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ rage, irritation calm, pacify put out
batter ‫ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ beat, hit
beau ‫ﺧﺎﻃﺮﺧﻮﺍﻩ‬ look on
breeze ‫ﻭﺯﺵ ﺑﺎﺩ‬ gentle wind, puff of air
burglar ‫ﺩﺯﺩ‬ thief, robber
cellar ‫ﺯﻳﺮﺯﻣﻴﻦ‬ basement
complain ‫ﺷﮑﺎﻳﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ make a complaint praise
contrary ‫ﺑﺮ ﺧﻼﻑ‬ opposite similar Expensive:
convention ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻳﺶ‬ meeting, conference "Costly, dear, valuable,
crab ‫ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ‬ precious, invaluable,
crumble ‫ﺧﺮﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ fall to pieces, crush, grind priceless, exorbitant,
deserve ‫ﺳﺰﺍﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ merit, be worthy of excessive, immoderate"
dine ‫ﺷﺎﻡ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‬ eat dinner
dispute ‫ﻧﺰﺍﻉ‬ quarrel, clash Villain:
executive ‫ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺋﻲ‬ administrative, managerial "A person who lives on
extravagant ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ‬ exaggerated restrained a farm, evil"
foretell ‫ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻮﻳﻲ‬ predict, forecast
germ ‫ﻣﻴﮑﺮﻭﺏ‬ microbe
giant ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ huge, gigantic miniature
gossip ‫ﺷﺎﻳﻌﻪ‬ rumour
grant ‫ﺍﻋﻄﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ gift, give
labor ‫ﮐﺎﺭﮔﺮ‬
leftover ‫ﭘﺴﻤﺎﻧﺪﻩ‬ residual, enduring, lasting
quarrel ‫ﻧﺰﺍﻉ‬ dispute, fight agreement
rainbow ‫ﺭﻧﮕﻴﻦﮐﻤﺎﻥ‬
reputation ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺕ‬ fame
rid ‫ﭘﺎﮎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺍﺯ‬
roam ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺵ‘ ﺳﻔﺮ‬ travel, journey
row ‫ﭘﺎﺭﻭ ﺯﺩﻥ‬
shack ‫ﮐﻠﺒﻪ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‬
slaughter ‫ﻗﺘﻞ‬ kill, massacre, murder
sleet ‫ﺑﺮﻓﺎﺑﻪ‬ frozen rain, hail
somehow ‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﺮﻳﻘﻲ‬ in some way, by some means
strange ‫ﻋﺠﻴﺐ‬ odd, bizarre, extraordinary normal, familiar
strike ‫ﺍﻋﺘﺼﺎﺏ‬ work stoppage
string ‫ﻃﻨﺎﺏ‬ cord, filament, rope, twine
swamp ‫ﺑﺎﺗﻼﻕ‬
tie ‫ﮐﺮﺍﻭﺍﺕ‬
track ‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮ‬ path, roadway, trail
trail ‫ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻟﻪ‬ path, trajectory
trial ‫ﻗﻀﺎﻭﺕ‘ ﻣﺤﺎﮐﻤﻪ‬ judgment, court case, tribunal
vacate ‫ﺗﺨﻠﻴﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ leave, check out of, evacuate take up
wage ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻤﺰﺩ‬ salary, earnings
weapon ‫ﺳﻼﺡ‬ missile, warhead
wand ‫ﻋﺼﺎ‬ baton, stick, rod
weed ‫ﻋﻠﻒ ﻫﺮﺯﻩ‬ wild plant, wild flower
wipe out ‫ﻣﺤﻮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ eliminate, remove
witch ‫ﺳﺎﺣﺮﻩ‬
withheld ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻳﻘﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ withdrawn, pending ongoing
4
Lesson 5
tradition ‫ﺭﺳﻮﻡ‬ beliefs, opinions, customs
rural ‫ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ in the country urban, city, town
burden ‫ﺑﺎﺭ‬ load, what is carried
campus ‫ﻣﺤﻮﻃﻪ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ‬ grounds of a college, university or school
majority ‫ﺍﮐﺜﺮﻳﺖ‬ greater part, more than half minority
assemble ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ‬ get together, bring together disperse, demolish
explore ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ go over carefully, examine
topic ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ subject that people think, write…
debate ‫ﻣﻨﺎﻇﺮﻩ‬ controversy, discussion
evade ‫ﻃﻔﺮﻩ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬ get away from by trickery or cleverness face, confront
probe ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ investigate, search into
reform ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ improve, make better worsen
Lesson 6
approach ‫ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ come near or nearer to leave, avoid
detect ‫ﭘﻴﺪﺍ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ find out, discover, perceive
defect ‫ﻧﻘﺺ‬ fault, that which is wrong
employee ‫ﮐﺎﺭﮔﺮ‬ wage-earner, member of staff
neglect ‫ﺻﺮﻓﻨﻈﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ give too little care or attention to care for, attend to
deceive ‫ﮔﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ mislead
undoubtedly ‫ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻨ ﹰﺎ‬ certainly, beyond doubt
popular ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻣﻲ‬ liked by most people unpopular, unknown
thorough ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ complete, deep superficial
client ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻱ‬ customer
comprehensive ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬ including much, covering completely
defraud ‫ﺗﻘﻠﺐ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ cheat, take money,… away by cheating
5
Lessons 5-6 take on
accused ‫ﻣﺘﻬﻢ‬ set rules
appliance ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‬ machine, device
appreciate ‫ﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ be grateful for
get up
bay ‫ﺧﻠﻴﺞ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‬
beard ‫ﺭﻳﺶ‬
bracelet ‫ ﺍﻟﻨﮕﻮ‬،‫ﺩﺳﺘﺒﻨﺪ‬ armlet stay up
brake ‫ﺗﺮﻣﺰ‬ brake pedal
bureau ‫ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ‬ office look into
career ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻲ‬ livelihood
catch (‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﻴﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ )ﺷﺪﻥ‬
clerk ‫ﮐﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪ‬
Silent majority:
convict ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻡ‬ criminal, villain
"Dead people"
council ‫ﺷﻮﺭﺍ‬ committee
county ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ region, province Defect:
customer ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻱ‬ client, consumer "Fault; to quit a country, a
custom ‫ﮔﻤﺮﮎ‘ ﺭﺳﻢ‬ trade, business political party, or a cause"
decent ‫ ﺁﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬،‫ﻧﺠﻴﺐ‬ polite, moral discourteous, decadent
deprive ‫ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ take away provide
distract ‫ﺍﻏﻔﺎﻝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ sidetrack, divert Double Duty Words
doubt ‫ ﺗﺮﺩﻳﺪ‬،‫ﺷﮏ‬ hesitation, uncertainty 1. abandon (v., n.)
dragnet ‫ﺩﺍﻡ‬
2. hardship (n., adj.)
entitle ‫ ﻧﺎﻡ ﻧﻬﺎﺩﻥ‬،‫ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻖ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ give the right, name debar
expel ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺧﺘﻦ‬ drive out, eject 3. wager (n., v.)
favoritism ‫ﭘﺎﺭﺗﻲ ﺑﺎﺯﻱ‬ partiality, preference impartiality 4. annual (n., adj.)
finery ‫ﺯﻳﻮﺭ‘ ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﺯﺭﻕ ﻭ ﺑﺮﻕ ﺩﺍﺭ‬
gang ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻪ‘ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‬ team, squad 5. blend (n., v.)
hint ‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ clue, intimate, imply 6. burden (n., v.)
innocent ‫ﺑﻲﮔﻨﺎﻩ‬ blameless, guiltless guilty
7. debate (n., v.)
inspection ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺭﺳﻲ‬ check, assessment
limp ‫ﻟﻨﮕﻴﺪﻥ‬ walk lamely, hobble 8. probe (n., v.)
merchandise ‫ ﺟﻨﺲ‬،‫ﮐﺎﻻ‬ goods, commodities 9. reform (v., adj.)
mercy ‫ﺑﺨﺸﺶ‬ forgiveness, pity cruelty
messy ‫ﮐﺜﻴﻒ ﻭ ﺑﻬﻢ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻪ‬ chaotic, disordered neat 10. neglect (n., v.)
miniskirt ‫ﺩﺍﻣﻦ ﮐﻮﺗﺎﻩ‬ sarong, kilt 11. gallant (n., adj.)
nobleman ‫ﻧﺠﻴﺐﺯﺍﺩﻩ‬ polite, gallant
pilgrim ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ‬ Opposites
praise ‫ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ‬ admiration, tribute criticism
pretend ‫ﻭﺍﻧﻤﻮﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ make believe, feign
1. approach ≠ leave
reckless ‫ﺑﻲﺩﻗﺖ‬ careless, hasty, rash cautious 2. expensive ≠ cheap
rescuer ‫ﻧﺠﺎﺕﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩ‬ savior, liberator
rioter ‫ﺁﺷﻮﺑﮕﺮ‬ rebel, protester 3. visible ≠ unseen
ruin ‫ﺧﺮﺍﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ destroy, wreck 4. popular ≠ hated
sarcasm ‫ﺭﻳﺸﺨﻨﺪ‬ irony, ridicule respect
serious ‫ ﺧﻄﻴﺮ‬،‫ﺟﺪﻱ‬ severe, important funny, trivial 5. vacant ≠ filled
silent ‫ ﺑﻴﺼﺪﺍ‬،‫ﺳﺎﮐﺖ‬ quiet, still, hushed noisy, talkative 6. keen ≠ dull
slight ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻧﺎﭼﻴﺰ‬ small, trivial considerable
spade ‫ﺑﻴﻞ‬ shovel 7. descend ≠ climb
spine ‫ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬ backbone
8. humid ≠ dry
steering ‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ‬ direction-finding
suspect ‫ﻣﻈﻨﻮﻥ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ doubt, mistrust trust 9. vanish ≠ be seen
thanksgiving ‫ﺷﮑﺮﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ‬ blessing
trial ‫ﻣﺤﺎﮐﻤﻪ‬ judgment 10. essential ≠ not needed
trickery ‫ﺣﻴﻠﻪﮔﺮﻱ‬ deception, fraud honesty
6
Lesson 7
postpone ‫ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ‬ delay, put off a later time bring forward, advance
consent ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺖ‬ agree to, accept dissent, disagree , refusal
massive ‫ﺣﺠﻴﻢ‬ bulky, immense tiny, minute, compact
capsule ‫ﮐﭙﺴﻮﻝ‬ a small case or covering
preserve ‫ﻣﺤﻔﻈﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ keep safe, protect, continue destroy, end
denounce ‫ﻣﺤﮑﻮﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ express strong disapproval of, condemn support
unique ‫ﻳﮑﺘﺎ‬ rare, having no like or equal ordinary, common, usual
torrent ‫ﺳﻴﻞ‬ any violent, rushing stream, flood trickle
resent ‫ﺭﻧﺠﻴﺪﻥ‬ feel injured and angered at (something) accept, like
molest ‫ﻣﺰﺍﺣﻤﺖ‬ disturb, interfere with and trouble, bother
gloomy ‫ﻏﻤﮕﻴﻦ‬ dark, dim, in low spirits bright, happy, cheerful
unforeseen ‫ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ‬ unexpected, not known beforehand
Lesson 8
exaggerate ‫ﺍﻏﺮﺍﻕ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ overstate understate
amateur ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺗﻮﺭ‬ not professional professional, expert
mediocre ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ ordinary, average
variety ‫ﮔﻮﻧﺎﮔﻮﻥ‬ lack of sameness, a number of different things
valid ‫ﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬ sound, true, supported by facts or authority invalid, null, illegal
survive ‫ﺯﻧﺪﻩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬ live longer than, remain alive after
weird ‫ﻣﺮﻣﻮﺯ‬ mysterious, unearthly, very strange ordinary, conventional
prominent ‫ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ‬ well-known, celebrated, renowned inconspicuous, obscure
security ‫ﺍﻣﻦ‬ freedom from danger, care or fear
bulky ‫ﺣﺠﻴﻢ‬ taking up much space, large
reluctant ‫ﻧﺎﺍﻣﻴﺪ‬ unwilling, hesitant eager, willing, ready
obvious ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬ easily seen or understood, plain
7
Lessons 7-8
put off
attic ‫ﺍﺗﺎﻕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺷﻴﺮﻭﺍﻧﻲ‬ upper floor
attorney ‫ﻭﮐﻴﻞ‬ lawyer, advocate
take on
clue ‫ ﻣﺪﺭﮎ‬،‫ﺳﺮﻧﺦ‬ evidence, sign
condemn ‫ﻣﺤﮑﻮﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ denounce commend
conqueror ‫ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯ‬،‫ﻓﺎﺗﺢ‬ defeater, victorious
constitution ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ instrument of government
couple ‫ﺯﻭﺝ‘ ﻭﺻﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ pair, combine separate Preserve:
cousin ‫ﭘﺴﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺩﺧﺘﺮ ﻋﻤﻮ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻳﻲ‬ "In ancient times: man
crew ‫ﺧﺪﻣﻪ‬ team, squad, troop preserved woman from
slaughter in order to
district ‫ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬،‫ﺑﺨﺶ‬ region, area
work for the
entertainment ‫ﺳﺮﮔﺮﻣﻲ‬ diversion, hobby, amusement conqueror"
feature ‫ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ‬،‫ﺟﻨﺒﻪ‬ aspect, characteristic
flu ‫ﺁﻧﻔﻮﻻﻧﺰﺍ‬ influenza Obvious:
foreman ‫ﺳﺮﮐﺎﺭﮔﺮ‬ "Something that met
give up ‫ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬،‫ﺭﻫﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ quit, abandon continue you on the way"
grand ‫ﺑﺎﺷﮑﻮﻩ‬ impressive, excellent poor
haunted ‫ﺟﻦﺯﺩﻩ‬ ghostly, worried
horrible ‫ ﻣﻬﻴﺐ‬،‫ﻣﺨﻮﻑ‬ dreadful, terrible pleasant
illness ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﻱ‬ sickness, disease good health
incurable ‫ﻋﻼﺝﻧﺎﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬ not curable, untreatable
journey ‫ﺳﻔﺮ‬ trip, voyage, travel
lumberjack ‫ﭼﻮﺏﺑﺮ‬
measures ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬
miss ‫ ﺧﻄﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬،‫ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ lose take
pleasure ‫ ﺧﻮﺷﻲ‬،‫ﻟﺬﺕ‬ enjoyment, delight displeasure
quit ‫ﺭﻫﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ give up take up
rush ‫ ﻳﻮﺭﺵ‬،‫ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬
slaughter ‫ﻗﺘﻞ‘ ﮐﺸﺘﺎﺭ‬ kill, murder
sound ‫ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬،‫ﺳﺎﻟﻢ‬ unfailing, good unsound
spy ‫ﺟﺎﺳﻮﺱ‬ secret agent, emissary, mole
squad ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻪ‘ ﺗﻴﻢ‬ group, team
stamp ‫ ﻧﻘﺶ‬،‫ﻣﻬﺮ‬ stomp
strict ‫ ﺍﮐﻴﺪ‬،‫ ﻣﺤﮑﻢ‬،‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ severe, rigorous lenient
truck ‫ﻭﺍﮔﻦ‬ wagon, articulated vehicle
violent ‫ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‘ ﺻﺒﻌﺎﻧﻪ‬،‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ brutal, vicious friendly, peaceful
violet ‫ﺑﻨﻔﺶ‬ bluish-purple
8
Lesson 9
vicinity ‫ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻲ‬ neighborhood, region near a place
century ‫ﻗﺮﻥ‬ 100 years
rage ‫ﻋﺼﺒﺎﻧﻴﺖ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬ violent anger
document ‫ﭘﺮﻭﻧﺪﻩ‬ text, manuscript
conclude ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ‬ end, finish, decide start, commence, extend
undeniable ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺷﮏ‬ not to be denied
resist ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ act against, strive against, oppose
lack ‫ﮐﻤﺒﻮﺩ‬ have not enough abundance, sufficiency
ignore ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﮑﺮﺩﻥ‬ pay no attention to, disregard pay attention to
challenge ‫ﭼﺎﻟﺶ‬ call to fight, dare
miniature ‫ﻣﻴﻨﻴﺎﺗﻮﺭ‬ small scale gigantic, enormous
source ‫ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‬ place from which something comes
Lesson 10
excel ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ be better than, do better than
feminine ‫ﺯﻧﺎﻧﻪ‬ of women or girls mannish, manly
mount ‫ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬ get up on descend
compete ‫ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ be a rival or contestant
dread ‫ﺗﺮﺳﻴﺪﻥ‬ fear greatly, causing great fear
masculine ‫ﻣﺮﺩﺍﻧﻪ‬ of man, male feminine
menace ‫ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪ‬ threat, warning
tendency ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ‬ leaning, movement in a certain direction
underestimate ‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﮐﻢ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ misjudge, miscalculate, see too low
victorious ‫ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯ‬ conquering unsuccessful, losing
numerous ‫ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ‬ very many, several few
flexible ‫ﻣﻨﻌﻄﻒ‬ easily bent, willing to yield rigid, stiff, inflexible
9
Lessons 9-10
sent into a rage
antic ‫ ﻣﺴﺨﺮﻩ‬،‫ﻣﻀﺤﮏ‬
arouse ‫ ﺑﺮﺍﻧﮕﻴﺨﺘﻦ‬،‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﮏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ stimulate, rouse dampen
attitude ‫ﻧﮕﺮﺵ‬ approach, manner count on
banish ‫ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ deport, send away
beat ‫ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ overcome, get the better of cry at
behave ‫ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ act, perform, work
boredom ‫ ﻣﻼﻝ‬،‫ﺧﺴﺘﮕﻲ‬ monotony, tediousness
bother ‫ﺩﺭﺩﺳﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ go to the trouble of
crisis ‫ﺑﺤﺮﺍﻥ‬ disaster, catastrophe
critic ‫ﻣﻨﺘﻘﺪ‬ detractor, evaluator
crop ‫ﺑﺮﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ harvest, gather Century:
debater ‫ﻣﺬﺍﮐﺮﻩ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬
debtor ‫ﺑﺪﻫﮑﺎﺭ‬ nonpayer, defaulter
"C-note stands for $100.
decree ‫ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ‬،‫ﺣﮑﻢ‬ command, rule fin ($5), sawbuck ($10)
deserted ‫ﻣﺘﺮﻭﮎ‬ isolated, uninhabited and grand ($1,000)"
doll ‫ﻋﺮﻭﺳﮏ‬ toy
dungaree ‫ﺷﻠﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺭ‬ Mountebank:
enthusiasm ‫ﺍﺷﺘﻴﺎﻕ‬ eagerness, interest apathy
eventually ‫ﻋﺎﻗﺒﺖ‬ finally, ultimately
"Quack or fake"
fair ‫ ﻣﻨﺼﻔﺎﻧﻪ‬،‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﮐﺎﻻ‬ exhibition, just
fake ‫ﻧﺎﺩﺭﺳﺖ‘ ﺗﻘﻠﺒﻲ‬ false, phony genuine
flabby ‫ ﺷﻞ‬،‫ﺳﺴﺖ‬ unfit, out of condition firm, fit
frame ‫ﻫﻴﮑﻞ‬ body, physique
giant ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢﺍﻟﺠﺜﻪ‬ enormous, gigantic, monster miniature
guilty ‫ﮔﻨﺎﻫﮑﺎﺭ‬ blameworthy, at fault innocent
honestly ‫ﺻﺎﺩﻗﺎﻧﻪ‬ truthfully, frankly, sincerely untruthfully
interrupt ‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ break up, break off
jockeys ‫ﺳﻮﺍﺭﮐﺎﺭ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻱ‬
juggling ‫ﺗﺮﺩﺳﺘﻲ‘ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬
jury ‫ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺼﻔﻪ‬ adjudicators, judges
legend ‫ ﺩﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬،‫ﺍﻓﺴﺎﻧﻪ‬ myth, fairy tale
mayor ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭ‬
mustache ‫ﺳﺒﻴﻞ‬
nephew ‫ ﭘﺴﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭ‬،‫ﭘﺴﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺮ‬
onlooker ‫ﻧﺎﻇﺮ‬ viewer, observer
opportunity ‫ﻓﺮﺻﺖ‘ ﻣﺠﺎﻝ‬ chance, occasion
pastime ‫ﺳﺮﮔﺮﻣﻲ‬ amusement, hobby, diversion
phony ‫ﺗﻘﻠﺒﻲ‬ trick, hoax genuine
poke ‫ﻫﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ push, thrust
pony ‫ﺍﺳﺐ ﮐﻮﺗﻮﻟﻪ‬ horse
poodle ‫ﺳﮓ ﭘﺸﻤﺎﻟﻮ‬
quack ‫ﺷﻴﺎﺩ‬ pretender, fraud, impostor
remedy ‫ ﻋﻼﺝ‘ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺣﻞ‬،‫ﺩﺍﺭﻭ‬ cure, solution
residential ‫ﻣﺴﮑﻮﻧﻲ‬ housing, inhabited, suburban business
rival ‫ﺭﻗﻴﺐ‬ opponent, adversary
sergeant ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻫﺒﺎﻥ‬
shy ‫ ﺧﺠﺎﻟﺘﻲ‬،‫ﮐﻤﺮﻭ‬ introvert extrovert
slang ‫ﻋﺎﻣﻴﺎﻧﻪ‬
strive ‫ﮐﻮﺷﻴﺪﻥ‬ struggle, try hard
stubborn ‫ ﮐﻠﻪﺷﻖ‬،‫ﺳﺮﺳﺨﺖ‬ immovable, tenacious flexible
sundae ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻨﻲ ﻣﻴﻮﻩﺍﻱ‬
wise ‫ﺯﻳﺮﮎ‬ astute, clever foolish
worthless ‫ﺑﻲﺍﺭﺯﺵ‬ valueless valuable
10
Lesson 11
evidence ‫ﻣﺪﺭﮎ‬ proof, affirmation
solitary ‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ‬ alone, single, only sociable, busy
vision ‫ﺑﻴﻨﺎﻳﻲ‬ power of seeing, sense of sight
frequent ‫ﻣﮑﺮﺭ‬ easily broken, delicate sturdy
glimpse ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﮔﺬﺭﺍ‬ a short, quick view; glance
recent ‫ﺣﺎﺿﺮ‬ current, new, latest old, former
decade ‫ﺩﻫﻪ‬ 10 years
hesitate ‫ﻣﺮﺩﺩ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ be doubtful, fail to act quickly
absurd ‫ﻣﺰﺧﺮﻑ‬ ridiculous, foolish
conflict ‫ﻧﺒﺮﺩ‬ disagreement, direct opposition agreement, peace, harmony
minority ‫ﺍﻗﻠﻴﺖ‬ less than half, smaller part majority
fiction ‫ﺍﻓﺴﺎﻧﻪ‬ legend fact, truth
Lesson 12
ignite ‫ﺁﺗﺶ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ set on fire extinguish
abolish ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ put an end to keep, retain, maintain
urban ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬ city, town rural
population ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ people of a city or country
frank ‫ﺭﮎ‬ truthful, not hiding what’s in one’s mind evasive
pollute ‫ﺁﻟﻮﺩﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ make dirty clean, purify
reveal ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ make known, show, display hide
prohibit ‫ﻣﻨﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ forbid by law or authority, ban allow, authorize, facilitate
urgent ‫ﻣﻬﻢ‬ important, necessary causal, trivial, unimportant
adequate ‫ﮐﺎﻓﻲ‬ sufficient, enough inadequate, insufficient
decrease ‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ make or become less increase
audible ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﻨﻴﺪﻥ‬ heard, hearable inaudible, faint, indistinct
11
go into a rage
Lessons 11-12
cheat on
alien ‫ﺑﻴﮕﺎﻧﻪ‬ unfamiliar, foreign like …better than …
barely ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺪﺭﺕ‘ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ‬ hardly, scarcely easily
binoculars ‫ﺩﻭﺭﺑﻴﻦ ﺷﮑﺎﺭﻱ‬
blaze ‫ﻧﻮﺭ ﻳﺎ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺩﺭﺧﺸﺎﻥ‬ shine, flash
go on a diet
comet ‫ﺳﺘﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻟﻪﺩﺍﺭ‬
command ‫ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ‬،‫ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ‬ decree hardly ever
convict ‫ﻣﻘﺼﺮ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻦ‬ condemn acquit
deaf ‫ ﻧﺎﺷﻨﻮﺍ‬،‫ﮐﺮ‬ unable to hear hearing rather than
diet ‫ﺭﮊﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ‬ regime
elderly ‫ ﺳﺎﻟﺨﻮﺭﺩﻩ‬،‫ﻣﺴﻦ‬ old, aged, mature
fiery ‫ﺁﺗﺸﻴﻦ‬ blazing, burning turn out
fume ‫ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ‬،‫ﺩﻭﺩ‬
fund ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ finance, account
gear ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‘ ﻟﺒﺎﺱ‬ device, clothes
harbor ‫ﭘﻨﺎﻫﮕﺎﻩ‬ shelter, protect
Absurd:
harsh ‫ ﺧﺸﻦ‬،‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ cruel, severe gentle, mild
"Quite deaf", "silly or senseless"
heal ‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ cure, make well worsen
heaven ‫ ﺁﺳﻤﺎﻥ‬،‫ﺑﻬﺸﺖ‬ paradise hell
igneous ‫ ﺁﺗﺸﻴﻦ‬،‫ﺁﺫﺭﻳﻦ‬ Double Duty Words
inference ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺒﺎﻁ‘ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ‬ deduction
juror ‫ﻋﻀﻮ ﻫﻴﺎﺕ ﻣﻨﺼﻔﻪ‬ 1. consent (v., n.)
knot ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻦ‘ ﻣﺘﺼﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ join, tie untie 2. security (n., adj.)
loaf ‫ ﻭﻟﮕﺮﺩﻱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬،‫ﻗﺮﺹ ﻧﺎﻥ‬ be unoccupied
3. preserve (n., v.)
luminous ‫ﺩﺭﺧﺸﺎﻥ‬ shining, brilliant dull
mediation ‫ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺠﻴﮕﺮﻱ‬ intervention provocation 4. rage (v., n.)
medieval ‫ﻗﺮﻭﻥ ﻭﺳﻄﺎﻳﻲ‬ 5. document (v., n.)
merely ‫ ﻓﻘﻂ‬،‫ﺻﺮﻓ ﹰﺎ‬ just, only
meteor ‫ﺷﻬﺎﺏﺳﻨﮓ‬ 6. challenge (v., n.)
mitten ‫ﺩﺳﺘﮑﺶ ﺑﻲﺍﻧﮕﺸﺖ‬ 7. menace (v., n.)
monster ‫ﻫﻴﻮﻻ‬ huge, fiend small
8. frequent (v., adj.)
nearsighted ‫ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏﺑﻴﻦ‬ short-sighted
penalty ‫ ﻣﺠﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬،‫ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ‬ punishment 9. conflict (v., n.)
pill ‫ ﺣﺐ‬،‫ﻗﺮﺹ‬ tablet, medication 10. dread (v., adj.)
plainly ‫ﺻﺮﻳﺤ ﹰﺎ‬ clearly, evidently
principal ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ‬ chief, major Opposites
property ‫ ﻣﻠﮏ‬،‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻳﻲ‬ possessions
1. consent ≠ refuse
proverb ‫ﺿﺮﺏﺍﻟﻤﺜﻞ‬ maxim, adage
reliance ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ‬ confidence, trust 2. valid ≠ untrue
rent ‫ ﮐﺮﺍﻳﻪ‬،‫ﺍﺟﺎﺭﻩ‬ hire, payment
3. ignite ≠ get off
rough ‫ ﺧﺸﻦ‬،‫ﺳﺨﺖ‬ coarse, uneven smooth, gentle
scuba ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﻏﻮﺍﺻﻲ‬ 4. reveal ≠ hide
shelter ‫ ﺣﻔﺎﻅ‬،‫ﭘﻨﺎﻫﮕﺎﻩ‬ harbor, protect
shoreline ‫ﺧﻂ ﺳﺎﺣﻠﻲ‬ beach, seashore 5. urgent ≠ not important
shrub ‫ﺑﻮﺗﻪ‬ plant 6. victorious ≠ beaten
silly ‫ ﺍﺑﻠﻪ‬،‫ﻧﺎﺩﺍﻥ‬ stupid, ridiculous sensible
spectacularly ‫ﺗﻤﺎﺷﺎﻳﻲ‬ amazingly, wonderfully mildly 7. survive ≠ die
sublime ‫ﺑﻠﻨﺪﭘﺎﻳﻪ‬ magnificent, uplifting ridiculous
8. mount ≠ put out
swap ‫ ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﻪ‬،‫ﻋﻮﺽ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ exchange, change
tale ‫ ﺍﻓﺴﺎﻧﻪ‬،‫ﺩﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ story, legend 9. prohibit ≠ allow
treasurer ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻝ ﺍﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬
10. miniature ≠ large
vote ‫ﺭﺍﻱ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ ballot, poll
whisper ‫ ﺩﺭﮔﻮﺷﻲ‬،‫ﻧﺠﻮﺍ‬ soft voice, undertone
12
Lesson 13
journalist ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪﻧﮕﺎﺭ‬ newspaperman
famine ‫ﻗﺤﻄﻲ‬ starvation, great shortage
revive ‫ﺍﺣﻴﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ bring back or come back to life
commence ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻉ‬ begin, start finish, end, conclude
observant ‫ﺗﻴﺰﺑﻴﻦ‘ ﻫﻮﺷﻴﺎﺭ‬ quick to notice, watchful inattentive, dreamy
identify ‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ recognize, distinguish
migrate ‫ﻣﻬﺎﺟﺮﺕ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ emigrate, relocate
vessel ‫ﮐﺸﺘﻲ‘ ﺭﮒ‬ a ship, vein
persist ‫ﭘﺎﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ‬ continue firmly, preserve give up, desist, stop
hazy ‫ﻣﻪﺁﻟﻮﺩ‬ misty, fogy, unclear clear
gleam ‫ﺑﺎﺭﻗﻪ‬ a flash or beam of light
editor ‫ﺳﺮﺩﺑﻴﺮ‬
Lesson 14
unruly ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥﺷﮑﻦ‬ lawless well-behaved
rival ‫ﺭﻗﻴﺐ‬ opponent, contestant
violent ‫ﺧﺸﻦ‬ done with strong, rough force
brutal ‫ﻭﺣﺸﻲ‬ savage, cruel gentle, human, civilized
opponent ‫ﺭﻗﻴﺐ‬ rival, contestant ally, partner, colleague
brawl ‫ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬ a noisy quarrel or fight
duplicate ‫ﮐﭙﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ an exact copy, repeat exactly
vicious ‫ﺷﺮﻭﺭ‬ evil, wicked, savage gentle, kindly
whirling ‫ﭼﺮﺧﺎﻥ‬ spinning
underdog ‫ﺳﺘﻤﺪﻳﺪﻩ‬ loser
thrust ‫ﻓﺮﻭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ push with force
bewildered ‫ﻣﺒﻬﻮﺕ‬ confused completely, puzzled
13
Lessons 13-14
come in
adaptation ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ alteration, modification
affairs ‫ ﮐﺎﺭﻫﺎ‬،‫ﺍﻣﻮﺭ‬ dealings, associations
audience ‫ﺷﻨﻮﻧﺪﮔﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻨﻨﺪﮔﺎﻥ‬ listeners and viewers interest in
bank ‫ ﺳﺎﺣﻞ‬،‫ﮐﻨﺎﺭ‬ side, shore
banked track ‫ﭘﻴﺴﺖ ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬ throw out
bill ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺗﺤﺴﺎﺏ‬ demand for payment
bitter ‫ ﻃﻌﻨﻪﺁﻣﻴﺰ‬،‫ﺗﻠﺦ‬ sour, resentful sweet, resigned get into
brute ‫ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥﺻﻔﺖ‬ beast, animal
burst ‫ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻢ ﭘﺎﺷﻴﺪﻥ‬،‫ﻗﻄﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ rupture, fracture thrust into
coarse ‫ ﺩﺭﺷﺖ‬،‫ﺧﺸﻦ‬ rough, stiff smooth
completion ‫ﺍﺗﻤﺎﻡ‬ conclusion, end
consciousness ‫ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬،‫ﻫﻮﺷﻴﺎﺭﻱ‬ awareness, perception unconsciousness Commence:
"Begin, start"
crime ‫ﺟﻨﺎﻳﺖ‬ offence, sin
cruel ‫ﺑﻲﺭﺣﻢ‬ unkind, brutal, vicious kind
dozen
Rival:
‫ ﺩﻭﺍﺯﺩﻩ ﻋﺪﺩ‬،‫ﺩﻭ ﺟﻴﻦ‬
"Probably comes from
elbowing ‫ﻫﻞ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ push the Latin rivus (stream),
fingernail ‫ﻧﺎﺧﻦ‬ who lives across the
ghost ‫ﺭﻭﺡ‬ spirit, phantom river"
graduation ‫ﻓﺎﺭﻍﺍﻟﺘﺤﺼﻴﻠﻲ‬
handy ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ useful, usable
hollow ‫ ﭘﻮﮎ‬،‫ﻣﻴﺎﻥﺗﻬﻲ‬ void, empty solid
manuscript ‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ‬ document, text
pit ‫ﺟﻨﮓ‬ fight
proud ‫ ﺳﺮﺑﻠﻨﺪ‬،‫ﻣﻐﺮﻭﺭ‬ overconfident humble, modest
quarrel ‫ ﻧﺒﺮﺩ‬،‫ﻧﺰﺍﻉ‬ dispute, fight
ram ‫ ﻗﻮﭺ‬،‫ﮔﻮﺳﻔﻨﺪ ﻧﺮ‬
rumour ‫ﺷﺎﻳﻌﻪ‬ gossip fact
saucer ‫ﺑﺸﻘﺎﺏ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‬ plate, bowl
savage ‫ﻭﺣﺸﻲ‬
skinny, slim ‫ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﻮﺍﻥ‬،‫ﻻﻏﺮ‬ thin, skeletal fat
so-called ‫ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺻﻄﻼﺡ‬،‫ﮐﺬﺍﻳﻲ‬ alleged
spoil ‫ﻓﺎﺳﺪ ﺷﺪﻥ‘ ﺧﺮﺍﺏ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ ruin, destroy improve
starvation ‫ﮔﺮﺳﻨﮕﻲ‬ hunger, malnourishment
struggle ‫ﺗﻘﻼ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ make a great effort, strive
swing ‫ ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬،‫ﭼﺮﺧﻴﺪﻥ‬ fluctuate, oscillate
thief ‫ ﺳﺎﺭﻕ‬،‫ﺩﺯﺩ‬ burglar, robber
though ‫ﺍﮔﺮﭼﻪ‬ although, even if
turf ‫ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻳﮕﻲ‬ neighborhood
twin ‫ﺩﻭﻗﻠﻮ‬ double, look-alike
victim ‫ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﻲ‬ fatality, wounded
wondered ‫ﺷﮕﻔﺖﺯﺩﻩ‬ surprised
14
Lesson 15
expand ‫ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺵ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ increase in size, enlarge, swell contract, condense
alter ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ make different, change, vary
mature ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻎ‬ ripe, grown-up young, immature
sacred ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺱ‬ holy, blessed, worthy of respect secular, temporal, profane
revise ‫ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﻧﻈﺮ‬ change, alter, bring up to date
pledge ‫ﻗﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ promise
casual ‫ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﻲ‬ happening by chance, not planned
pursue ‫ﺗﻌﻘﻴﺐ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ follow, proceed along flee, avoid
unanimous ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻖ‬ in complete agreement, consent
fortunate ‫ﺧﻮﺵﺷﺎﻧﺲ‬ lucky, having good luck
pioneer ‫ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻭ‬ developer, innovator
innovative ‫ﺧﻼﻕ‬ fresh, clever, having new idea
Lesson 16
slender ‫ﻻﻏﺮ‬ long and thin, slim fat
surpass ‫ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ do better than, go beyond follow
vast ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ enormous, huge small
doubt ‫ﺷﮏ‬ hesitation, uncertainty certainty
capacity ‫ﻇﺮﻓﻴﺖ‬ volume, ability
penetrate ‫ﻧﻔﻮﺫ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ pierce, go through
pierce ‫ﺭﺳﻮﺥ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ penetrate, go through
accurate ‫ﺩﻗﻴﻖ‬ precise, exact inaccurate
microscope ‫ﻣﻴﮑﺮﻭﺳﮑﻮﭖ‬
grateful ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺩﺍﻥ‬ feeling gratitude, thankful ungrateful
cautious ‫ﻣﺤﺘﺎﻁ‬ careful, wary reckless
confident ‫ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻦ‬ certain, sure of oneself unsure
15
Lessons 15-16
dig up
ad ‫ﺁﮔﻬﻲ ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺗﻲ‬ advertisement, trailer
aboveboard ‫ﺭﮎ ﻭ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﮐﻨﺪﻩ‘ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬ correct shady
walk away
bartender (‫ﻣﺘﺼﺪﻱ ﺑﺎﺭ )ﮐﺎﻓﻪ‬
bleeding ‫ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻱ‬ blood loss
come out
blind ‫ﮐﻮﺭ‬ sightless, unsighted
confidentially ‫ﻣﺤﺮﻣﺎﻧﻪ‬ in secret, in private openly
so far
dig up ‫ﺁﺷﮑﺎﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ reveal, find hide
eardrum ‫ﭘﺮﺩﻩ ﮔﻮﺵ‬
move out
faithful ‫ﻭﻓﺎﺩﺍﺭ‬ loyal, reliable
gratitude ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺩﺍﻧﻲ‬ thanks, appreciation
clear up
hall ‫ﺭﺍﻫﺮﻭ‬ passageway
honor ‫ﺍﺣﺘﺮﺍﻡ‬ respect, admiration dishonor
inquiry investigation
write on
‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‬
invade ‫ﺣﻤﻠﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ attack, enter by force
lead ‫ﺳﺮﺏ‬
loyalty ‫ﺻﺪﺍﻗﺖ‬ faithfulness disloyalty Pioneer:
pound ‫ﺿﺮﺑﻪ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ hit, strike "Origin: French
quiet ‫ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ‬،‫ﺳﺎﮐﺖ‬ calm, silent loud word for a foot
slightly soldier, peonier"
quite ‫ﻼ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣ ﹰ‬ completely
retina ‫ﺷﺒﮑﻴﻪ ﭼﺸﻢ‬
ripe ‫ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ‘ ﺑﺎﻟﻎ‬ mature, fully grown unripe Confident:
"Route: Fidere
salute ‫ ﺩﺭﻭﺩ‬،‫ﺳﻼﻡ‬ greeting, acknowledgment meant "trust" in
scar ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ‘ ﺍﺛﺮ ﺯﺧﻢ‬ mark, wound
slight ‫ ﺍﻧﺪﮎ‬،‫ﮐﻢ‬ small, unimportant considerable
strip ‫ ﻧﻮﺍﺭ ﺑﺎﺭﻳﮏ‬،‫ﺑﺮﻫﻨﻪ‬ narrow piece, ribbon
tame ‫ﺭﺍﻡ‘ ﺍﻫﻠﻲ‬ domestic wild
tear down ‫ﻣﺘﻼﺷﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺭﻳﺪﻥ‬ demolish, destroy
temple ‫ ﺷﻘﻴﻘﻪ‬،‫ﻣﻌﺒﺪ‬ shrine, place of worship
usher ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎ ﻳﺎ ﮐﻨﺘﺮﻝ ﺳﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ guide, attendant
vex ‫ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺷﺎﻳﻨﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ trouble, displease pacify, placate
16
Lesson 17
appeal ‫ﺟﺎﺫﺑﻪ‬ attraction, interest, to urge repel
addict ‫ﻣﻌﺘﺎﺩ‬ devotee
wary ‫ﻣﺤﺘﺎﻁ‬ cautious, careful unwary, careless
aware ‫ﺁﮔﺎﻩ‬ knowing, realizing unconscious
misfortune ‫ﺑﺪﺷﺎﻧﺴﻲ‬ bad luck luck
avoid ‫ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ keep away from, avert encourage
wretched ‫ﺑﻴﭽﺎﺭﻩ‬ miserable happy
keg ‫ﺳﻄﻞ‬ barrel
nourish ‫ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ feed, nurture
harsh ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‘ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬ cruel, severe gentle
quantity ‫ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ‬ amount
opt ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ choose or favor, select
Lesson 18
tragedy ‫ﺗﺮﺍﮊﺩﻱ‬ disaster, a sad play joy
pedestrian ‫ﭘﻴﺎﺩﻩ‬ walker, person on foot
glance ‫ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺍﺟﻤﺎﻟﻲ‬ glimpse, a quick look perusal
budget ‫ﺑﻮﺩﺟﻪ‬ financial plan
nimble ‫ﭼﺎﻻﮎ‬ agile, quick awkward
manipulate ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮﻳﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ direct, control
reckless ‫ﺑﻲﺩﻗﺖ‬ careless, hasty, rash cautious, careful
horrid ‫ﺗﺮﺳﻨﺎﮎ‬ horrible, terrible, frightful pleasant
rave ‫ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻧﻪﻭﺍﺭ ﺣﺮﻑ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ talk wildly
economical ‫ﺍﻗﺘﺼﺎﺩﻱ‬ not wasting time or money wasteful
lubricate ‫ﺭﻭﻏﻦﮐﺎﺭﻱ‬ oil, grease
ingenious ‫ﺑﺎﻫﻮﺵ‬ clever, inventive
17
break away
Lessons 17-18 keep away/out

agent ‫ﻋﻬﺪﻩﺩﺍﺭ ﻳﮏ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﺧﺎﺹ‬ manager get into
aware ‫ﺁﮔﺎﻩ‬ conscious unaware
bakery ‫ﻧﺎﻧﻮﺍﻳﻲ‬ opt for
bitten ‫ﮔﺰﻳﺪﮔﻲ‬ sink its teeth into
brawl ‫ﻧﺰﺍﻉ‘ ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬ fight, clash draw up
brilliant ‫ﺑﺎﻫﻮﺵ‘ ﺩﺭﺧﺸﺎﻥ‬ luminous, talented dull, mediocre
career ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻲ‬ livelihood set aside
carpenter ‫ﻧﺠﺎﺭ‬
carve ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ slice, cut in slices take off
commonplace ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻟﻲ‬ ordinary, usual extraordinary
complementary ‫ﺗﮑﻤﻴﻠﻲ‬ harmonizing Keg:
convenience ‫ﺭﺍﺣﺘﻲ‬ ease inconvenience "Came from the
Icelandic word: kaggi"
counselor ‫ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭ‬
deduce ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ infer
denounce ‫ﻣﺘﻬﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ condemn, accuse support
Pedestrian:
"When it is use as
dull ‫ﮐﻮﺩﻥ‬ stupid bright
adjective means very
essay ‫ﺭﺳﺎﻟﻪ‘ ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ thesis, treatise dull and
gambling ‫ﻗﻤﺎﺭ‬ making a bet commonplace"
greedy ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺺ‬ hungry, stingy generous
heedless ‫ﺑﻲﻓﮑﺮ‘ ﺑﻲﺩﻗﺖ‬ neglectful, careless careful Double Duty Words
inhale ‫ﺗﻨﻔﺲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺩﻡ‬ breathe in exhale 1. brawl (v., n.)
junk ‫ﺁﺷﻐﺎﻝ‬ rubbish, garbage 2. rival (n., adj.)
leap ‫ﭘﺮﻳﺪﻥ‬ jump, rise drop
3. thrust (v., n.)
lunge ‫ﺣﻤﻠﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ attack
4. duplicate (v., n.)
neat ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺐ‬ tidy, in order untidy, disorganized
ought ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺪ‬ must, should 5. pledge (v., n.)
pedantic ‫ﮐﻮﺗﻪﻧﻈﺮﺍﻧﻪ‬ 6. appeal (v., n.)
pep ‫ﺍﻧﺮﮊﻱﺯﺍ‬ energy, activeness 7. budget (v., n.)
pledge ‫ﻗﻮﻝ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‘ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‬ promise, oath
8. rave (v., adj.)
puppet ‫ﻋﺮﻭﺳﮏ ‘ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﺪﻩ‬ doll, marionette
exacerbate
9. mature (v., adj.)
relieve ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ ease
revive ‫ﺍﺣﻴﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ revitalize, renew kill 10. pedestrian (n., adj.)
skinny, slim ‫ﻻﻏﺮ‬ thin, skeletal fat Opposites
stare ‫ﺯﻝ ﺯﺩﻥ‘ ﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ look intently, gaze glance
1. ingenious ≠ stupid
stranger ‫ﻏﺮﻳﺒﻪ‬ unfamiliar person, alien
strike ‫ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻑ‘ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ attack 2. nourish ≠ starve
suffering ‫ﺭﻧﺞ‘ ﻣﺸﻘﺖ‬ pain, torment, misery 3. commence ≠ finish
swift ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬ fast, quick slow
4. hazy ≠ clear
utensil ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‘ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ‬ tool, appliance
wary ‫ﻣﺤﺘﺎﻁ‬ cautious unwary, careless 5. slender ≠ thick
wounded ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺡ‘ ﻣﺼﺪﻭﻡ‬ injured, hurt 6. expand ≠ make smaller
wretched ‫ﺑﺪﺑﺨﺖ‘ ﺑﻴﭽﺎﺭﻩ‬ miserable, despondent happy
7. misfortune ≠ good luck
8. harsh ≠ smooth
9. migrate ≠ stay at home
10. pedestrian ≠ driver
18
Lesson 19
harvest ‫ﺟﻤﻊﺁﻭﺭﻱ ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ‬ gather, collect
abundant ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ very plentiful scarce
uneasy ‫ﻧﺎﺭﺍﺣﺖ‘ ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻥ‬ restless, anxious untroubled
calculate ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ estimate, figure
absorb ‫ﺟﺬﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ take in or suck up, interest greatly exude
estimate ‫ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ guess, estimation
morsel ‫ﻟﻘﻤﻪ‬ a small bite, mouthful chunk
quota ‫ﺳﻬﻢ‬ share
threat ‫ﺗﻬﺪﻳﺪ‬ menace
ban ‫ﻣﻨﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ forbid, prohibit allow
panic ‫ﺁﺷﻔﺘﮕﻲ‬ unreasoning fear, dread calm
appropriate ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ fit, proper inappropriate
Lesson 20
emerge ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ‬ come out
jagged ‫ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻧﻪﺩﺍﺭ‬ uneven, toothed smooth
linger ‫ﻃﻮﻝ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻥ‬ stay on, delay leaving leave
ambush ‫ﺩﺍﻡ‬ trap
crafty ‫ﺣﻴﻠﻪﮔﺮ‬ trickery, sly
defiant ‫ﺟﺴﻮﺭ‘ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ‬ open resisting, challenging
vigor ‫ﻗﻮﻱ‬ active strength or force
perish ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻥ‬ die, be destroyed survive
fragile ‫ﺷﮑﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ easily broken, frail sturdy, strong
captive ‫ﺯﻧﺪﺍﻧﻲ‬ prisoner free
prosper ‫ﻣﻮﻓﻖ‬ be successful
devour ‫ﺑﺎ ﺣﺮﺹ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‬ eat greedily
19
Lessons 19-20

suck up
abacus ‫ﭼﺮﺗﮑﻪ‬
anxious ‫ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻥ‘ ﻣﺸﺘﺎﻕ‬ nervous, eager unconcerned
repel
take in
appeal ‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ‘ ﺟﺬﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ petition, request, attract
arrest ‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﻴﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ seize, capture release
grow up
barn ‫ﻃﻮﻳﻠﻪ‘ ﺍﻧﺒﺎﺭ ﻋﻠﻮﻓﻪ‬ storage place, hangar
bison ‫ﮔﺎﻭ ﮐﻮﻫﺎﻥﺩﺍﺭ‬
come up/out/into
bite ‫ﻟﻘﻤﻪ‬ mouthful, morsel
bug ‫ﺳﺎﺱ‬ insect
stay on
charge ‫ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‘ ﺟﺮﻡ‬ cost, accuse
commence ‫ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ begin, initiate terminate
praise
linger on
complaint ‫ﺷﮑﺎﻳﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ criticism
conflict ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺯﻩ‬ clash, dispute, fight peace
crowd ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ group, assembly
deem ‫ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ think, believe, regard Calculate:
evasive ‫ﻃﻔﺮﻩﺁﻣﻴﺰ‬ elusive, vague direct "Charge customers by
exclude ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ leave out include figuring out"
foul ‫ﺁﻟﻮﺩﻩ‘ ﮐﺜﻴﻒ‘ ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺷﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬ polluted, unpleasant clean, pleasant
hunt ‫ﺷﮑﺎﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ Ambush:
indeed ‫ﺑﻲﮔﻤﺎﻥ‘ ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻨ ﹰﺎ‬ certainly, undeniably "A place for protect a
person made out of bushes
lamb ‫ﺑﺮﻩ‬ red meat, beef
or woods"
lawn ‫ﭼﻤﻦ‬ grass
lobster ‫ﭼﺮﺧﻨﮓ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬
mystical ‫ﻋﺮﻓﺎﻧﻲ‬ spiritual, supernatural
obey ‫ﭘﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ follow disobey
odor ‫ﺑﻮ‬
peach ‫ﻫﻠﻮ‬
pebble ‫ﺷﻦ‬ stone, small rock
pesticide ‫ﺁﻓﺖﮐﺶ‬ insect killer
rancher ‫ﮔﺎﻭﭼﺮﺍﻥ‬
reliable ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻃﻤﻴﻨﺎﻥ‘ ﻣﻮﺛﻖ‬ loyal, trustworthy unreliable
reluctant ‫ﻧﺎﺍﻣﻴﺪ‬ unwilling, unenthusiastic eager
revive ‫ﺍﺣﻴﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ revitalize, renew kill
roam ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺵ‬ journey, travel settle
ruin ‫ﻧﺎﺑﻮﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ destroy, devastate
shrewd ‫ﺯﻳﺮﮎ‬ astute, crafty naive
sly ‫ﺣﻴﻠﻪﮔﺮ‬ crafty, tricky, furtive honest
strive ‫ﺗﻘﻼ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ struggle, effort
sturdy ‫ﻧﻴﺮﻭﻣﻨﺪ‬ strong, powerful frail, weak
tax ‫ﻣﺎﻟﻴﺎﺕ‬ duty, tariff
terrier ‫ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺳﮓ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‬
treasurer ‫ﺧﺰﺍﻧﻪﺩﺍﺭ‬
vulgar ‫ﺯﺷﺖ‘ ﺑﺪﺍﺧﻼﻕ‬ bad, bad-mannered decent, polite
wither ‫ﺧﺸﮏ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ dry up
20
Lesson 21
plea ‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ‬ request, appeal
weary ‫ﺧﺴﺘﻪ‬ tired refreshed
collide ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ crash, come together with force
confirm ‫ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ make certain, prove refute
verify ‫ﺗﺎﻳﻴﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ confirm, prove to be true disprove
anticipate ‫ﭘﻴﺶﺑﻴﻨﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ predict, expect
dilemma ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻞ ﺣﺎﺩ‬ problem, a difficult choice
detour ‫ﺭﺍﻩ ﻓﺮﻋﻲ‬ a roundabout way
merit ‫ﺷﺎﻳﺴﺘﮕﻲ‬ goodness, worth, value disadvantage
transmit ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎﺩﻥ‬ send over, pass on
relieve ‫ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ make less, release, ease, replace exacerbate
baffle ‫ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ‬ puzzle, confuse
Lesson 22
warden ‫ﻧﮕﻬﺒﺎﻥ‬ keeper, guard
acknowledge ‫ﺍﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ admit to be true deny
justice ‫ﻋﺎﺩﻻﻧﻪ‬ fair dealing, impartiality injustice
delinquent ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻡ‬ an offender, criminal law-abiding
reject ‫ﺭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ refuse accept
deprive ‫ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ take away from by force
spouse ‫ﺯﻥ ﻳﺎ ﺷﻮﻫﺮ‬ wife or husband
vocation ‫ﺣﺮﻓﻪ‬ occupation, profession
unstable ‫ﻧﺎﭘﺎﻳﺪﺍﺭ‬ not firmly fixed steady
homicide ‫ﻗﺘﻞ‬ murder, slaughter
penalize ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻴﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ punish, set a penalty for
beneficiary ‫ﺫﻳﻨﻔﻊ‬ recipient benefactor
21
Lessons 21-22
turn in
abound ‫ﺑﻪ ﻭﻓﻮﺭ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ be plentiful, thrive
beneath ‫ﺯﻳﺮ‬ under, below above
benevolent ‫ﻣﻬﺮﺑﺎﻥ‘ ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺪﻩ‬ generous, kind malevolent
weary of
benign ‫ﻣﻬﺮﺑﺎﻥ‘ ﺧﻮﺵ ﻗﻠﺐ‬ benevolent, kind malignant
bewildered ‫ﮔﻴﺞ‘ ﻣﺒﻬﻮﺕ‬ confused, baffled take off
brand ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‘ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‘ ﻟﮑﻪﺩﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ kind, type
bull ‫ﮔﺎﻭ ﻧﺮ‬ pass on/along
burglar ‫ﺩﺯﺩ‘ ﺳﺎﺭﻕ‬ thief, robber
clerk ‫ﮐﺎﺭﻣﻨﺪ‬ deprive of
collision ‫ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻑ‘ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ‬ crash, accident
commit ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‘ ﻣﺮﺗﮑﺐ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ perform, carry out set up
consent ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ approval, permit refusal
defiant ‫ﺟﺴﻮﺭ‘ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻡ‬ disobedient, rebellious obedient
emerge ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ‬ come out
Dilemma:
face ‫ﺭﻭﺑﺮﻭ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ stand in front of "Facing with two choices,
fair dealing ‫ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﻣﻨﺼﻔﺎﻧﻪ‬ just conduct biased each equally unpleasant"
fright ‫ﺗﺮﺱ‘ ﻫﺮﺍﺱ‬ fear, terror, panic bravery
guilty ‫ﮐﻨﺎﻫﮑﺎﺭ‬ blameworthy, at fault innocent Beneficiary:
harshly ‫ﺑﺎ ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ‬ unkindly, strictly gently "All words beginning with
bene speak only of good,
horn ‫ﺷﺎﺥ‬
for that is what this prefix
inmate ‫ﺯﻧﺪﺍﻧﻲ‬ prisoner, convict
means"
insurance ‫ﺑﻴﻤﻪ‬ assurance
jail ‫ﺯﻧﺪﺍﻥ‬ prison
just conducting ‫ﻋﺎﺩﻻﻧﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﺎﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ fair dealing
liberty ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺩﻱ‬ freedom, autonomy suppression
mayor ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭ‬
multitude ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬ large number
nephew ‫ﭘﺴﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭ‬
niece ‫ﺩﺧﺘﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺮ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭ‬
policy ‫ﺧﻂ ﻣﺸﻲ‘ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺗﮋﻱ‬ plan, strategy
promotion ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ‘ ﭘﺸﺘﻴﺒﺎﻧﻲ‬ endorsement, help
pursue ‫ﺩﻧﺒﺎﻝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ follow
rural ‫ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ country, rustic urban
sentence ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﺠﺎﺯﺍﺕ‬ judgment, punishment
strange ‫ﻋﺠﻴﺐ‘ ﻏﺮﻳﺐ‬ odd, bizarre, peculiar normal
thorough ‫ﻋﻤﻴﻖ‘ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ complete, deep partial
unpleasant ‫ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺷﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬ unlikable pleasant
villain ‫ﺷﺮﻭﺭ‬ criminal, outlaw
vivid ‫ﺭﻧﮕﺎﺭﻧﮓ‘ ﻣﻠﻮﻥ‬ colorful dull
weird ‫ﻣﺮﻣﻮﺯ‬ strange normal
wound ‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐ‘ ﺟﺮﺍﺣﺖ‬ injury, cut
yell ‫ﻓﺮﻳﺎﺩ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ shout, shriek
22
Lesson 23
reptile ‫ﺧﺰﻧﺪﻩ‬ snakes, lizards, turtles, alligators,…
rarely ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺪﺭﺕ‬ hardly ever, seldom, not often not often
forbid ‫ﻣﻨﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ prohibit, ban, make a rule against allow
logical ‫ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ‬ reasonable, rational illogical
exhibit ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ show, display
proceed ‫ﭘﻴﺶ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬ go on, move forward, progress recede
precaution ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ ﺣﻔﺎﻇﺘﻲ‬ preventative measure, foresight
extract ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ pull out, elicit, draw out
prior ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‬ earlier, former
embrace ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﻮﺵ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ hug, hold in your arms
valiant ‫ﺷﺠﺎﻉ‬ brave, courageous cowardly
partial ‫ﺟﺰﺋﻲ‬ incomplete, fractional complete
Lesson 24
fierce ‫ﻭﺣﺸﻲ‬ savage, wild gentle
detest ‫ﻧﻔﺮﺕ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ hate, dislike intensely love
sneer ‫ﻣﺴﺨﺮﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ scorn, contempt admiration
scowl ‫ﺍﺧﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ frown, look angry by lowering eyebrows frown
encourage ‫ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ give confidence, inspire
consider ‫ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ think about, regard as, take into account
vermin ‫ﺣﺸﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻮﺫﻱ‬ small animal such as rats, bugs,…
wail ‫ﮔﺮﻳﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﺎ ﺻﺪﺍﻱ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ‬ cry loud and long because of pain or grief
symbol ‫ﺳﻤﺒﻞ‘ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ‬ sign, icon
authority ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺕ‬ power, right powerlessness
neutral ‫ﺑﻲﻃﺮﻑ‬ unbiased, impartial, not taking sides biased
trifle ‫ﮐﻢ‘ ﻧﺎﭼﻴﺰ‬ little bit
23
Lessons 23-24
Valliant:
afford ‫ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‘ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ give, have the funds for "Refers to famous Prince
agile ‫ﻓﺮﺯ ﻭ ﭼﺎﻻﮎ‬ nimble, swift clumsy Valiant who appeared in the
arise ‫ﺭﺥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ occur, take place comics for many years as the
attend ‫ﺣﻀﻮﺭ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ‬ be present at miss ideal knight"
audacious ‫ﺷﺠﺎﻉ‬ brave cowardly
bargain ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﻪ‘ ﭼﺎﻧﻪ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ good buy Symbol:
beef ‫ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﮔﺎﻭ‘ ﺷﮑﺎﻳﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ complain "Symbols are used in
chivalrous ‫ﺷﺠﺎﻉ‬ gallant boorish language, writing, logic,
claw ‫ﭼﻨﮓ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ scratch, tear mathematics, science, religion,
contempt ‫ﺍﻫﺎﻧﺖ‬ scorn, dislike admiration trade and sports"
crawl ‫ﺧﺰﻳﺪﻥ‬ creep
cuddle ‫ﺑﻐﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ embrace
curious ‫ﮐﻨﺠﮑﺎﻭ‬ probing apathetic
dauntless ‫ﺑﻲﺑﺎﮎ‬ fearless timid Double Duty Words
delegate ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ‘ ﻭﮐﺎﻟﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ representative, entrust retain 1. exhibit (v., n.)
delinquent ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻡ‬ criminal, offending law-abiding 2. harvest (v., n.)
deprive ‫ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ take away provide
3. panic (v., n.)
dime ‫ﺳﮑﻪ ﺩﻩ ﺳﻨﺘﻲ‬
drab ‫ﺑﻲﺭﻭﺡ‘ ﺩﻟﮕﻴﺮ‬ dull, uninteresting interesting 4. ambush (v., n.)
dweller ‫ﺳﺎﮐﻦ‬ inhabitant, resident 5. plea (v., n.)
entrust ‫ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ hand over, delegate
6. delinquent (n., adj.)
fang ‫ﻧﻴﺶ ﻣﺎﺭ‬
flea ‫ﮐﮏ‬ 7. reject (v., n.)
fond ‫ﻣﺎﻳﻞ‬ tender, caring uncaring 8. detour (v., n.)
frown ‫ﺍﺧﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ scowl smile 9. sneer (v., n.)
grief ‫ﻏﺼﻪ‬ sorrow, misery joy
10. scowl (v., n.)
groom ‫ﺩﺍﻣﺎﺩ‬
hug ‫ﺑﻐﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ embrace, cuddle Opposites
indomitable ‫ﻗﻮﻱ‬ strong, stubborn feeble
intrepid ‫ﺷﺠﺎﻉ‘ ﺑﻲﺑﺎﮎ‬ fearless, brave cowardly 1. detest ≠ be fond of
invasion ‫ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻢ‬ attack
2. perish ≠ live
muddle ‫ﺑﻲﻧﻈﻢ‬ disorder, chaos order
objection ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ‬ opposition, protestation approval 3. valiant ≠ afraid
obedience ‫ﺍﻃﺎﻋﺖ‘ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﻱ‬ agreement disobedience
olive ‫ﺯﻳﺘﻮﻥ‬ 4. emerge ≠ hide
owe ‫ﺑﺪﻫﮑﺎﺭ‬ be in debt repay
perplex ‫ﭘﻴﭽﻴﺪﻩ‬ puzzle, baffle 5. unstable ≠ steady
poisonous ‫ﺳﻤﻲ‬ toxic, fatal
slip out ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ exit, leave stay 6. weary ≠ wide awake
spitting ‫ﺗﻒ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺧﺘﻦ‬
splinter ‫ﺫﺭﻩ‘ ﺗﮑﻪ‬ particle, piece 7. scowl ≠ smile
statue ‫ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪ‬ figurine
8. prior ≠ afterwards
supreme ‫ﻋﺎﻟﻲ‬ highest, top worst
surpass ‫ﺟﺎ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ go beyond follow
9. morsel ≠ huge piece
thread ‫ﺭﻳﺴﻤﺎﻥ‬ filament, yarn, strand
tip ‫ﺍﻧﻌﺎﻡ‬ 10. rarely ≠ often
toil ‫ﮐﺎﺭ‘ ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ‬ work
turtle ‫ﻻﮎﭘﺸﺖ‬
24
Lesson 25
architect ‫ﻣﻌﻤﺎﺭ‬ designer, a maker, creator
matrimony ‫ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺯﻧﺎﺷﻮﻳﻲ‬ marriage life
baggage ‫ﭼﻤﺪﺍﻥ‬ bags, suitcases, gear
squander ‫ﻭﻟﺨﺮﺟﻲ‬ waste, spend foolishly save
abroad ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺝ ﺍﺯ ﮐﺸﻮﺭ‬ overseas, out of the country
fugitive ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬ a runaway, escapee
calamity ‫ﺑﻼ ﻭ ﺑﺪﺑﺨﺘﻲ‬ a great misfortune, serious trouble
pauper ‫ﻓﻘﻴﺮ‬ a very poor person rich
envy ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺩﺕ‬ jealousy, be jealous of
collapse ‫ﻓﺮﻭ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻦ‬ fall down, breakdown, ruin
prosecute ‫ﺗﻌﻘﻴﺐ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ bring to court, follow up, carry on
bigamy ‫ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ ﺩﻭ ﻫﻤﺴﺮ‬ having two wives or two husbands at same time
Lesson 26
possible ‫ﻣﻤﮑﻦ‬ able to be, be done, or happen, feasible impossible
compel ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ force, get by force, oblige
awkward ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬ clumsy, embarrassing, not easily managed graceful, relaxed
venture ‫ﺧﻄﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ dare, undertake, expose to risk
awesome ‫ﺷﮕﻔﺖﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰ‬ astounding, amazing, breath-taking
guide ‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ direct, manage
quench ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ put an end to, drawn or put out
betray ‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ give up, deceive, mislead, show protect, withhold
utter ‫ﮔﻔﺘﻦ‘ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬ say, speak, make known; complete partial
pacify ‫ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ calm down, placate aggravate
respond ‫ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ react, answer, take action ignore
beckon ‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ signal, make a gesture, attract dismiss
25
Lessons 25-26
give up
acquaintances ‫ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﺎﻥ‬ friends
befall ‫ﺭﺥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ happen, occur
slow up
blink ‫ﭼﺸﻤﮏ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ open and close the eye
compartment ‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ‘ ﮐﻮﭘﻪ‬ section, partition
catch up
embarrassing ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬ awkward, uncomfortable relaxed
fate ‫ﺳﺮﻧﻮﺷﺖ‬ destiny, fortune
in favor of
fine ‫ﺟﺮﻳﻤﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ penalize, punish
fold ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺁﻭﺭﻱ‬ gather
turn out
fort ‫ﺩﮊ‘ ﻗﻠﻌﻪ ﻧﻈﺎﻣﻲ‬ castle
fur ‫ﺧﺰ‘ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ‬
glazier ‫ﺷﻴﺸﻪﺑﺮ‬
graceful ‫ﺟﺬﺍﺏ‘ ﺩﻭﺳﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻨﻲ‬ attractive, lovely awkward
heel ‫ﭘﺎﺷﻨﻪ‬
ignorant ‫ﻣﻮﺩﺏ‘ ﺟﺎﻫﻞ‬ impolite, unaware polite
infant ‫ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ‬ baby, newborn
inheritance ‫ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ‬ heritage
jaywalking ‫ﻋﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﻲﻣﺒﺎﻻﺕ‬
lather ‫ﺗﺮﺍﺷﮑﺎﺭ‬
mason ‫ﺳﻨﮕﺘﺮﺍﺵ‬
medic ‫ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻱ ﭘﺰﺷﮑﻲ‬
mob ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ crowd
needy ‫ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ‬ poor, in need rich
plasterer ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻭﺩﮔﺮ‬
plumber ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪﮐﺶ‬
realm ‫ﻗﻠﻤﺮﻭ‘ ﮐﺸﻮﺭ‬ territory, country
serpent ‫ﺧﺰﻧﺪﻩ‬ reptile
sigh ‫ﻧﻔﺲ ﻋﻤﻴﻖ‬ exhale noisily
sour ‫ﺗﺮﺵ‬ resentful sweet
suspicious ‫ﺷﮑﺎﮎ‘ ﺑﺪﮔﻤﺎﻥ‬ dubious, suspect trustworthy
thirst ‫ﺗﺸﻨﮕﻲ‬ need for liquids
trunk ‫ﭼﻤﺪﺍﻥ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ‬ box
tyranny ‫ﺳﺘﻤﮕﺮﻱ‬ cruelty, totalitarianism
wealth ‫ﺛﺮﻭﺕ‬ possessions, funds poverty
will ‫ﻭﺻﻴﺖﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬
26
Lesson 27
despite ‫ﻋﻠﻲﺭﻏﻢ‬ in spite of, regardless of
disrupt ‫ﮔﺴﻴﺨﺘﻦ‬ upset, cause to break down, disturb
rash ‫ﺟﻮﺵ‘ ﺷﺘﺎﺑﺰﺩﻩ‬ hasty, careless careful
rapid ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬ very quick, swift slow
exhaust ‫ﻼ ﺧﺎﻟﻲ‬
‫ﮐﺎﻣ ﹰ‬ empty completely, use up, tire out refresh
severity ‫ﺳﺨﺘﻲ‘ ﻭﺿﻮﺡ‬ strictness, plainness, violence gentleness, warmth
feeble ‫ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬ weak, frail strong
unite ‫ﻣﺘﺤﺪ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ join together, become one separate
cease ‫ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ stop, end, finish commence
thrifty ‫ﺻﺮﻓﻪﺟﻮ‬ economical, saving, thriving spendthrift
miserly ‫ﺧﺴﻴﺲ‬ stingy, like a miser generous
monarch ‫ﻣﻠﮑﻪ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺎﺩﺷﺎﻩ‬ king, queen, ruler
Lesson 28
outlaw ‫ﻣﻨﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﻳﺎﻏﻲ‬ an exile, an outcast, a criminal, to declare unlawful
promote ‫ﺗﺮﻗﻲ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ help to grow and develop, advance
undernourished ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺳﻮﺀ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ‬ not sufficiently fed, starved healthy
illustrate ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ show, demonstrate hide, conceal
disclose ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ reveal, uncover, make known conceal
excessive ‫ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬ too much, extreme moderate
disaster ‫ﺑﻼ‘ ﺑﺪﺑﺨﺘﻲ‬ calamity, great misfortune, tragedy success
censor ‫ﺳﺎﻧﺴﻮﺭ‬ edit
culprit ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻡ‬ offender, criminal, delinquent innocent
juvenile ‫ﺟﻮﺍﻥ‘ ﻧﺎﺑﺎﻟﻎ‬ young, youthful mature, adult
bait ‫ﻃﻌﻤﻪ‬ temptation
insist ‫ﭘﺎﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ be resolute, be firm
27
Lessons 27-28
Word Synonym Antonym use up
annoy
at stake ‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﻄﺮ‬ at risk, in danger
bother ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ annoy tire out
cereal ‫ﻏﻠﻪ‘ ﺣﺒﻮﺑﺎﺕ‬
clown ‫ﺩﻟﻘﮏ‬ joker, comic
coastal ‫ﺳﺎﺣﻠﻲ‬
common ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮﮎ‬ shared private
curtain ‫ﭘﺮﺩﻩ‬ Disaster:
decay decompose, perish
"Under the influence of
‫ﺍﺯ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬
an evil star (dis-aster)"
delivery ‫ﺗﻮﺯﻳﻊ‘ ﻓﺮﺳﺘﺎﺩﻥ‬ distribution, sending
descendant ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺙ‘ ﻧﺴﻞ‬ heir, inheritor
exhausted ‫ﺧﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻭﺍﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ‬ tired refreshed
exile ‫ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺪﻱ‬ banishment, deportation
frugal ‫ﺻﺮﻓﻪﺟﻮ‬ thrifty spendthrift
good will ‫ﺣﺴﻦ ﻧﻴﺖ‬ kindness malice
greedy ‫ﺣﺮﻳﺺ‬ stingy generous
harshness ‫ﺧﺸﻮﻧﺖ‬ severity gentleness
hasty ‫ﺷﺘﺎﺑﺰﺩﻩ‬ speedy, swift fast
ivy ‫ﭘﻴﭽﮏ‬
miserly ‫ﮐﻢﺧﺮﺝ‬ miserable, stingy generous
ought ‫ﺑﺎﻳﺴﺘﻲ‬ have to, must
outcast ‫ﻣﻄﺮﻭﺩ‬ exile, pariah
Plague ‫ﻃﺎﻋﻮﻥ‬
plainness ‫ﻭﺿﻮﺡ‬ nakedness
principal ‫ﻣﺪﻳﺮ‬ chief, major
regret ‫ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺗﺎﺳﻒ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ be sorry
retreat ‫ﻋﻘﺐ ﻧﺸﻴﻨﻲ‬ back away advance
ruler ‫ﺣﮑﻤﺮﺍﻥ‬ monarch
take for granted ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻭ ﺑﺪﻳﻬﻲ ﺩﺍﻧﺴﺘﻦ‬ presuppose, assume appreciate
torment ‫ﻋﺬﺍﺏ‬ pain, suffering pleasure
trait ‫ﺷﻴﻮﻩ‘ ﺭﻭﺍﻝ‘ ﮐﻴﻔﻴﺖ‬ mannerism, quality
trifles ‫ﮐﻢ‘ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﺯﻱ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ little, bit
28
Lesson 29
toil ‫ﮐﺎﺭ ﺳﺨﺖ‘ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺨﺘﻲ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ hard work, move with difficulty relaxation
blunder ‫ﺍﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﺍﺣﻤﻘﺎﻧﻪ‘ ﺗﻠﻮﺗﻠﻮ ﺧﻮﺭﺍﻥ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬ stupid mistake, stumble, say clumsily
daze ‫ﮔﻴﺞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﻣﻐﺸﻮﺵ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ confuse
mourn ‫ﺍﻇﻬﺎﺭ ﺗﺄﺳﻒ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ grieve, feel or show sorrow for rejoice
subside ‫ﻓﺮﻭﮐﺶ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ become less, decrease build up
maim ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻝ‘ ﻧﺎﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬ disable, cripple heal
comprehend ‫ﺩﺭﮎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ understand, know
commend ‫ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ ﻭ ﺗﻮﺻﻴﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ praise, acclaim, hand over for safekeeping denigrate
final ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﻲ‬ coming last, deciding first
exempt ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ make free from, freed from
vain ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻮﻓﻖ‘ ﻏﺮﻭﺭ ﺑﻴﺠﺎ‬ unsuccessful successful
repetition ‫ﺗﮑﺮﺍﺭ‬ reiteration, doing or saying again
Lesson 30
depict ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ portray, show, describe
mortal ‫ﻓﺎﻧﻲ‘ ﻣﺮﺩﻧﻲ‬ deadly, earthly immortal
novel ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‘ ﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬ new, long story
occupant ‫ﻣﺎﻟﮏ‬ tenant, dweller
appoint ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ choose for a position, equip or furnish reject
quarter ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‘ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬ district, region
site ‫ﻣﮑﺎﻥ‬ position, location
quote ‫ﺭﻭﺧﻮﺍﻧﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﻗﻴﻤﺖﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ‬ repeat, quotation
verse ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻪ ﺷﻌﺮ‬ poems prose
morality ‫ﺍﺧﻼﻕ‘ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ‬ goodness, honesty wickedness
roam ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺵ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ wander, go about with no special plan settle
attract ‫ﺟﺬﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ draw to oneself, magnetize repel
29
Lessons 29-30
Word Synonym Antonym Maim:
ape ‫ﻣﻴﻤﻮﻥ‬ monkey "Suggests the loss or
beckon ‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ signal dismiss destruction of an arm or
bill ‫ﭘﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ‬ proposed law leg or both"
blow ‫ﺿﺮﺑﻪ‬ knock
campaign ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺯﻩ‬ fight, struggle Mortal:
clumsy awkward
"mort comes from Latin
‫ﺯﺷﺖ ﻭ ﺷﻠﺨﺘﻪ‬
and means "to die" "
conscience ‫ﻭﺟﺪﺍﻥ‘ ﺷﻌﻮﺭ‬ sense of right and wrong
cram ‫ﺟﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‘ ﭘﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ fill up
cripple ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻮﻝ‬ maim Double Duty Words
defeat ‫ﻣﻐﻠﻮﺏ‬ conquest, loss victory
1. outlaw (v., n.)
depositor ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭ‬ saver, investor
2. venture (v., n.)
drown ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻥ‬ die
estate ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻦ‘ ﻣﻠﮏ‬ land 3. guide (v., n.)
ethnic ‫ﻣﻠﻲ‘ ﻓﺮﻫﻨﮕﻲ‬ national, cultural 4. censor (v., n.)
fever ‫ﺗﺐ‬ 5. bait (v., n.)
foe ‫ﺩﺷﻤﻦ‬ enemy friend 6. toil (v., n.)
freed ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺩ‬ free secure
7. blunder (v., n.)
Grapes of Wrath ‫ﺧﻮﺷﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺧﺸﻢ‬
8. rash (n., adj.)
grief ‫ﻏﺼﻪ‬ sorrow, sadness joy
9. novel (n., adj.)
hill ‫ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻱ‬ mount valley
hunger ‫ﮔﺮﺳﻨﮕﻲ‬ starvation 10. quarter (v., n.)
ladder ‫ﭘﻠﻪ‬ steps Opposites
lodge ‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‬ small house
monument memorial, tribute
1. roam ≠ stay at home
‫ﺑﻨﺎﻱ ﻳﺎﺩﺑﻮﺩ‬
mugger ‫ﺳﺎﺭﻕ‬ robber 2. undernourished ≠ well-fed
mutilate ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻭﺡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ maim
penniless ‫ﻓﻘﻴﺮ‬ impoverished rich 3. disclose ≠ hide
pertain ‫ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ relate, be relevant
ponderous heavy light
4. rapid ≠ slow
‫ﺳﻨﮕﻴﻦ‬
portray ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ show, depict hide 5. pauper ≠ rich person
pride ‫ﻏﺮﻭﺭ‬ self-respect
rash ‫ﺑﻲﺩﻗﺖ‬ careless careful 6. possible ≠ could not happen
razor ‫ﺗﻴﻎ ﺍﺻﻼﺡ‬ shaver
sink ‫ﻏﺮﻕ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ be submerged float 7. feeble ≠ strong
sorrow ‫ﺗﺎﺳﻒ‬ grief joy
8. cease ≠ start
stumble ‫ﺗﻠﻮﺗﻠﻮ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‬ slip
testament ‫ﻣﺪﺭﮎ‬ evidence, verification 9. excessive ≠ not enough
thrill ‫ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻥ‬ excitement bore
thyself ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺕ‬ yourself 10. rash ≠ careful
virtue ‫ﺣﺴﻦ‬ good feature vice
volley ‫ﺭﮔﺒﺎﺭ‬ torrent, shower
wander ‫ﺳﺮﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﻲ‘ ﺗﺎﺧﺖ ﻭ ﺗﺎﺯ‬ lose concentration
30
Lesson 31
commuter ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻓﺮ‬ traveler, person along for the ride
confine ‫ﻣﺤﺒﻮﺱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ keep in, hold in release
idle ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻓﻌﺎﻝ‘ ﺑﻲﺍﺳﺎﺱ‬ inactive, lazy, without any good reason working, diligent
idol ‫ﺑﺖ‘ ﻗﻬﺮﻣﺎﻥ‬ statue, hero
jest ‫ﻣﻀﺤﮏ‘ ﺧﻨﺪﺍﻧﺪﻥ‬ joke, fun
patriotic ‫ﻣﻴﻬﻦﭘﺮﺳﺖ‬ loyal, loving one's country disloyal
dispute ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ‘ ﻧﺰﺍﻉ‘ ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ disagreement, quarrel agreement
valor ‫ﺷﺠﺎﻋﺖ‬ bravery, courage
lunatic ‫ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻧﻪ‬ crazy, foolish, insane sensible
vein ‫ﺣﺎﻟﺖ ﺭﻭﺣﻲ‘ ﺳﻴﺎﻫﺮﮒ‘ ﺭﮔﻪ‬ mood, blood vessel
uneventful ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ without important or striking happening eventful
fertile ‫ﻏﻨﻲ‬ productive, rich, fruitful infertile
Lesson 32
refer ‫ﺍﺭﺟﺎﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ hand over, direct for information, help or action
distress ‫ﺑﺪﺷﺎﻧﺴﻲ‘ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺧﻄﺮﻧﺎﮎ‬ misfortune, dangerous or difficult situation fortune
diminish ‫ﮐﺎﻫﺶ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ‬ reduce, decrease increase
maximum ‫ﺑﻴﺸﻴﻨﻪ‬ greatest possible or amount minimum
flee ‫ﻓﺮﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ run away, go quickly, escape
vulnerable ‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬ capable of being injured impervious
signify ‫ﻣﻌﻨﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬ mean, be a sign of, have importance
mythology ‫ﺍﺳﻄﻮﺭﻩﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‬ myths, folklore, tradition
colleague ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎﺭ‬ co-worker, associate
torment ‫ﻋﺬﺍﺏ‬ cause very great pain to, annoy pleasure, comfort
provide ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ supply, give withhold
loyalty ‫ﺻﺪﺍﻗﺖ‘ ﻭﻓﺎﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ faithfulness, honesty disloyalty, dishonesty
31
Lessons 31-32
Word Synonym Antonym Lunatic:
alibi ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‘ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ‘ ﺩﻓﺎﻋﻴﻪ‬ reason, explanation, defense "The Romans believed
argue ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‬ reason, make a case that our minds are
attendance ‫ﺣﻀﻮﺭ‬ presence, attending affected by the moon-
attitude ‫ﻧﮕﺮﺵ‬ viewpoint luna means "moon" in
bleed blood loss
Latin- and that lunatics
‫ﺧﻮﻧﺮﻳﺰﻱ‬
grew more crazy as the
bunk ‫ﺁﺷﻐﺎﻝ‬ rubbish moon become fuller"
bury ‫ﺩﻓﻦ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ inter
commendation ‫ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ‘ ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ‬ praise, recommendation
contest ‫ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ‘ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ competition, accept
cooperate ‫ﻫﻤﮑﺎﺭﻱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ collaborate
curriculum ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺩﺭﺳﻲ‬ syllabus, set of courses
dean ‫ﺭﻳﻴﺲ‬
defendant ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻩ‘ ﻣﺪﻋﻲ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‬
deserve ‫ﺳﺰﺍﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ merit, be worthy of
dull ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻪ‘ ﺗﺎﺭﻳﮏ‬ dark, dim bright
fate ‫ﺳﺮﻧﻮﺷﺖ‬ destiny
frontier ‫ﻣﺮﺯ‬ border
generation ‫ﻧﺴﻞ‬ age group
hatch ‫ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺑﻴﺮﻭﻥ ﺁﻣﺪﻥ‬ produce, emerge
mockery ‫ﺭﻳﺸﺨﻨﺪ‘ ﺍﺳﺘﻬﺰﺍ‬ ridicule, scorn respect
outing ‫ﺗﻮﺭ‬ day trip, tour
pitch ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺯﻱ‬ playing field
primitive ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻧﻲ‘ ﻧﺨﺴﺘﻴﻦ‬ prehistoric, ancient modern
rescue ‫ﻧﺠﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ free, liberate abandon
rumor ‫ﺷﺎﻳﻌﻪ‬ gossip
rush ‫ﻳﻮﺭﺵ‬
schedule ‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ timetable
seam ‫ﺭﮔﻪ‘ ﻻﻳﻪ‬ layer, vein
soil ‫ﺧﺎﮎ‬ earth
spot ‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‘ ﺟﺎ‬ place, site
striking ‫ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ‬ noticeable inconspicuous
veteran ‫ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻱ‬ experienced, expert novice
warrior ‫ﺳﺮﺑﺎﺯ‘ ﺟﻨﮕﺠﻮ‬ soldier, fighter
willingly ‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ‬ voluntarily reluctantly
worship ‫ﻋﺒﺎﺩﺕ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ adoration, veneration
wrap ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ package unwrap
wrist ‫ﻣﭻ ﺩﺳﺖ‬
32
Lesson 33
volunteer ‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺐ‬ unpaid helper
prejudice ‫ﭘﻴﺶﺩﺍﻭﺭﻱ‘ ﻟﻄﻤﻪ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ bias, prejudgment, to harm or injure impartiality
shrill ‫ﺻﺪﺍﻱ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ‘ ﻧﺎﻓﺬ‬ piercing, high and sharp in sound low
jolly ‫ﺳﺮﺧﻮﺵ‬ merry, full of fun sad
witty ‫ﺷﻮﺥ‘ ﺑﺬﻟﻪﮔﻮ‬ amusing, humorous dull
hinder ‫ﻣﻤﺎﻧﻌﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ hold back, obstruct
lecture ‫ﺳﺨﻨﺮﺍﻧﻲ‬ speech, scold
abuse ‫ﺳﻮﺀ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ misuse
mumble ‫ﻣﻦ ﻣﻦ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ speak unclearly (indistinctly)
mute ‫ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ‘ ﻻﻝ‬ silent, unable to speak
wad ‫ﺟﺮﻡ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﻭ ﻧﺮﻡ‬ small and soft mass
retain ‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ‘ ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ keep, employ let go
Lesson 34
candidate ‫ﮐﺎﻧﺪﻳﺪﺍ‬ applicant
precede ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻲ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ head, go before, come first follow
adolescent ‫ﻧﻮﺟﻮﺍﻥ‬ youthful, between 13 to 22 years of age adult
coeducational ‫ﻣﺪﺭﺳﻪ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻂ‬ educating both sexes in the same school
radical ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ‘ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻱ‬ fundamental, extreme minor, conservative
spontaneous ‫ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ‘ ﺑﻲﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ‬ unplanned, natural
skim ‘‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬
‫ﺳﺮ ﭼﻴﺰﻱ ﺭﺍ‬ remove from the top, read quickly, glide
‫ﻧﮕﺎﻩ ﺳﺮﺳﺮﻱ ﻭ ﺳﻄﺤﻲ‬ along
vaccinate ‫ﻭﺍﮐﺴﻴﻨﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ inoculate, immunize

untidy ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺮﺗﺐ‬ messy, not neat, not in order neat
utensil ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‘ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ‬ instrument, appliance
sensitive ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺱ‬ easily affected or influenced indifferent
temperate ‫ﻣﻌﺘﺪﻝ‬ moderate intemperate
33
Lessons 33-34
banquet ‫ﻣﻬﻤﺎﻧﻲ‬ feast, formal meal
burst ‫ﻣﻨﻔﺠﺮ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ erupt linger on
campaign ‫ﺟﻨﺒﺶ‘ ﻣﺒﺎﺭﺯﻩ‬ movement, fight
chimney ‫ﻟﻮﻟﻪ ﺩﻭﺩﮐﺶ‬ vent, smokestack grow up
chuckle ‫ﺑﺎ ﺩﻫﺎﻥ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺧﻨﺪﻳﺪﻥ‬ laugh quietly
consent ‫ﺭﺿﺎﻳﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ agree refuse
Prejudice:
cruel ‫ﺑﻲﺭﺣﻢ‬ brutal kind
"A person who decides
desperate ‫ﻣﺎﻳﻮﺱ‘ ﺧﻄﻴﺮ‬ hopeless, serious hopeful, harmless
before thinking-out a
distinct ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺺ‬ clear unclear
problem is prejudiced"
fierce ‫ﻭﺣﺸﻲ‬ savage, wild gentle
hazy ‫ﻣﺒﻬﻢ‬ unclear distinct
horror ‫ﺗﺮﺱ‬ terror
inoculate ‫ﻭﺍﮐﺴﻴﻨﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ vaccinate
insult ‫ﺗﻮﻫﻴﻦ‘ ﻓﺤﺶ‬
mayor ‫ﺷﻬﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬
merry ‫ﺷﺎﺩ‬ happy, cheery miserable
mud ‫ﮔﻞ‬ sludge, dirt
on the spur of ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﻣﻘﺪﻣﻪ‘ ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ‬ suddenly deliberately
the moment
orphanage ‫ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺷﮕﺎﻩ ﻳﺘﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬
pan ‫ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺗﺎﻭﻩ‘ ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ pot, criticize praise, applaud
pirate ‫ﺩﺯﺩ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬ bandit, thief
pitch ‫ﺻﺪﺍ‬ sound
polio ‫ﻓﻠﺞ ﺍﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬
privilege ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ ﻭﻳﮋﻩ‬ right
rehearsal ‫ﺗﻤﺮﻳﻦ‬ practice performance
resign ‫ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻔﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‘ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ leave your job
scold ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩ‘ ﺍﻳﺮﺍﺩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ tell off praise
soothe ‫ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ calm, pacify excite
stuff ‫ﭘﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﭼﭙﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬ fill
tune ‫ﻟﺤﻦ‬ melody, song
twinkle ‫ﭼﺸﻤﮏ ﺯﺩﻥ‘ ﺑﺮﻕ ﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬ gleam, shine
vicious ‫ﺷﺮﻭﺭ‬ cruel good-natured
whistle ‫ﺳﻮﺕ‘ ﻓﺮﻳﺎﺩ‬ shriek
34
Lesson 35
vague ‫ﻣﺒﻬﻢ‬ ambiguous definite
elevate ‫ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ‬ raise, lift up
lottery ‫ﺑﺨﺖﺁﺯﻣﺎﻳﻲ‬ gamble, game of chance certainty
finance ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ money
obtain ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‘ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ gain, attain, be in use lose
cinema ‫ﺳﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬ moving picture
event ‫ﺭﺧﺪﺍﺩ‬ happening, result or outcome
discard ‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺭﻳﺨﺘﻦ‬ throw away, shed keep
soar ‫ﺍﻭﺝ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ aspire, fly upward or at a great height drop
subsequent ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻱ‬ following, later preceding
relate ‫ﻧﻘﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺭﺑﻂ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ tell, connect in thought or meaning
stationary ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬ motionless, still moving
Lesson 36
prompt ‫ﺑﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ‘ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‘ ﻭﺍﺩﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ quick, on time slow, late
hasty ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺷﺘﺎﺑﺰﺩﻩ‬ quick, hurried slow
scorch ‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﭼﻴﺰﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺳﻮﺯﺍﻧﺪﻥ‬ burn slightly, dry up, criticize sharply
tempest ‫ﻃﻮﻓﺎﻥ‘ ﻣﺰﺍﺣﻤﺖ‬ storm, disturbance serenity
soothe ‫ﺁﺭﺍﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ calm, pacify excite
sympathetic ‫ﻫﻤﺪﺭﺩ‘ ﺩﻟﺴﻮﺯ‬ kind, kind-hearted unfeeling
redeem ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ‘ ﺑﺎﺯﺧﺮﻳﺪ‬ release, carry out, pay off
resume ‫ﺩﻭﺑﺎﺭﻩ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ recommence, take up again stop
harmony ‫ﻫﻤﺎﻫﻨﮕﻲ‬ synchronization discord
refrain ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ hold back persist
illegal ‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‬ unlawful, against the law legal
narcotic ‫ﻣﺨﺪﺭ‬ tranquillizer
35
Lessons 35-36
Word Synonym Antonym Double Duty Words
ache ‫ﺩﺭﺩ‬ pain 1. jest (v., n.)
acquisition ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‘ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ‬ attainment, purchase loss
2. volunteer (v., n.)
ambition ‫ﻫﺪﻑ‘ ﺑﻠﻨﺪﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯﻱ‬ goal, aspiration
3. refrain (v., n.)
avail ‫ﻓﺎﻳﺪﻩ‬ benefit
boast ‫ﻻﻑ ﺯﺩﻥ‘ ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ claim 4. finance (v., n.)
brew ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ prepare 5. mute (v., n.)
curse ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺭ ﻭ ﺍﺫﻳﺖ‬ annoyance, bother 6. torment (v., n.)
discount ‫ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ‬ money off 7. abuse (v., n.)
drowse ‫ﭼﺮﺕ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ be sleepy wake
8. idle (n., adj., v.)
embrace ‫ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﻮﺵ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ hug
9. lunatic (n., adj.)
erosion ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺶ‬ corrosion, wearing down
10. prompt (v., adj.)
excuse ‫ﻋﺬﺭ‘ ﺑﻬﺎﻧﻪ‬ reason
firearm ‫ﺍﺳﻠﺤﻪ‬ gun, weapon Opposites
frustration ‫ﺑﺪﺗﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ aggravation satisfaction
hum ‫ﺻﺪﺍﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ‬ low sound 1. hasty ≠ slow
hurried ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﺷﺘﺎﺑﺰﺩﻩ‬ hasty leisurely
2. idle ≠ busy
incident ‫ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ‘ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻑ‬ fight, clash
insane ‫ﺩﻳﻮﺍﻧﻪ‬ lunatic 3. flee ≠ remain
intermission ‫ﻭﻗﻔﻪ‘ ﺍﺳﺘﺮﺍﺣﺖ‬ rest
jest joke
4. mumble ≠ speak clearly
‫ﺷﻮﺧﻲ‬
lessen ‫ﮐﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ diminish, reduce increase
5. jolly ≠ sad
mercy ‫ﺑﺨﺸﺶ‬ forgiveness
mortgage ‫ﮔﺮﻭ‘ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ finance 6. elevate ≠ lower
opium ‫ﺗﺮﻳﺎﮎ‬
7. discard ≠ keep
platform ‫ﺳﮑﻮ‬ stage
precious ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ‬ valuable worthless 8. mute ≠ talkative
prescribe ‫ﺗﺠﻮﻳﺰ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ recommend
prompting ‫ﭘﺎﻓﺸﺎﺭﻱ‘ ﺍﺻﺮﺍﺭ‬ 9. diminish ≠ grow larger
property ‫ﻣﻠﮏ‘ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻳﻲ‬ land, belongings
10. untidy ≠ neat
resort ‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‘ ﺭﺍﻩ ﭼﺎﺭﻩ‬ option, remedy
sentence ‫ﺣﮑﻢ‘ ﻣﺤﮑﻮﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ condemn, decree
shed ‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺧﺘﻦ‬ discard
vain ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻣﺆﺛﺮ‘ ﺑﻲﻓﺎﻳﺪﻩ‬ ineffective successful
wheat ‫ﮔﻨﺪﻡ‬
36
Lesson 37
heir ‫ﻭﺍﺭﺙ‬ inheritor
majestic ‫ﺑﺎ ﺷﮑﻮﻩ‬ grand, noble, dignified, kingly humble
dwindle ‫ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﻳﺎ ﮐﻢ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ decrease, shrink increase
surplus ‫ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬ excess, extra
traitor ‫ﺳﺎﺯﺷﮑﺎﺭ‬ betrayer loyalist
deliberate ‫ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪ‬ intentional, to consider carefully accidental
vandal ‫ﺧﺮﺍﺑﮑﺎﺭ‬ delinquent
drought ‫ﺧﺸﮑﺴﺎﻟﻲ‬ lack of rain, dryness wetness
abide ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﻭﻓﺎﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬ accept, remain faithful to, dwell, endure
unify ‫ﻣﺘﺤﺪ ﻭ ﻳﮑﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ unite, make or form into one separate
summit ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻧﻘﻄﻪ‘ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ‬ apex, zenith, meeting bottom
heed ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ‬ attention, notice disregard
Lesson 38
biography ‫ﺑﻴﻮﮔﺮﺍﻓﻲ‬ life story
drench ‫ﺧﻴﺲ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ soak, wet thoroughly dry out
swarm ‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬ crowd or great number
wobble ‫ﺗﻠﻮﺗﻠﻮ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‬ move unsteadily from side to side
tumult ‫ﺻﺪﺍﻱ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ‘ ﻧﻮﻳﺰ‬ uproar, noise, violent disturbance or disorder
kneel ‫ﺗﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ go down on your knees
dejected ‫ﻏﻤﮕﻴﻦ‬ in low spirit, sad cheerful
obedient ‫ﻣﻄﻴﻊ‬ willing to obey disobedient
recede ‫ﻋﻘﺐ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬ go back, withdraw advance
tyrant ‫ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺳﺘﻤﮕﺮ‬ cruel ruler
charity ‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺧﻴﺮﻳﻪ‬ aid organization
verdict ‫ﻗﻀﺎﻭﺕ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ judgment, decision of a jury
37
Lessons 37-38
Word Synonym Antonym get on
accuse ‫ﻣﺘﻬﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ blame, charge
appoint ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ assign, choose dismiss, reject
go on
arsonist ‫ﺁﺗﺶﺍﻓﺮﻭﺯ‬
betray ‫ﺧﻴﺎﻧﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ be disloyal to, give up protect
pay off
charge ‫ﺟﺮﻳﻤﻪ‘ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ‬ cost, accusation
chin ‫ﭼﺎﻧﻪ‬
make up
clown ‫ﺩﻟﻘﮏ‬ joker
comment ‫ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩ‬ criticism
courteous ‫ﻣﺆﺩﺏ‬ polite rude
dignified ‫ﺷﺎﺧﺺ‬ distinguished undignified
downpour ‫ﺑﺎﺭﻧﺪﮔﻲ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬ heavy shower
dwell ‫ﺳﮑﻨﻲ ﮔﺰﻳﺪﻥ‬ reside, inhabit
flag ‫ﭘﺮﭼﻢ‬ mark
fleet ‫ﻧﺎﻭﮔﺎﻥ‬ navy
fraternity ‫ﺑﺮﺍﺩﺭﻱ‬
furious ‫ﺳﺨﺖ ﻭ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‘ ﺁﺗﺸﻴﻦ‬ irate calm
generous ‫ﺑﺨﺸﻨﺪﻩ‬ kind, giving tight-fisted
grumble ‫ﺷﮑﺎﻳﺖ‘ ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻔﺖ‬ complaint, protest
hand ‫ﮐﺎﺭﮔﺮ‬ worker
handful ‫ﻣﺸﺖ‘ ﭼﻨﺪﺗﺎ‬
howl ‫ﮔﺮﻳﻪ‘ ﻓﺮﻳﺎﺩ‬ wail, scream, cry
ignorant ‫ﻧﺎ ﺁﮔﺎﻩ‬ unaware, uninformed
informer ‫ﺧﺒﺮﺭﺳﺎﻥ‬ informant
intend ‫ﻗﺼﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ aim, mean
knee ‫ﺯﺍﻧﻮ‬
lenient ‫ﺑﺎ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﺍ‬ easy-going, moderate severe
march into ‫ﻫﺠﻮﻡ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‬ attack, invade
miser ‫ﺧﺴﻴﺲ‘ ﻣﺎﻝﺍﻧﺪﻭﺯ‬ stingy, collector generous
overlook ‫ﭼﺸﻢﭘﻮﺷﻲ‘ ﺍﻏﻤﺎﺽ‬ ignore, neglect
parachute ‫ﭼﺘﺮ ﻧﺠﺎﺕ‬
peg ‫ﻣﻴﺦ‘ ﻭﺻﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ nail, attach detach
precious ‫ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪ‬ valuable worthless
reassure ‫ﺩﻟﮕﺮﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ encourage
rebel ‫ﻳﺎﻏﻲ‬ radical
recruit ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﮐﺎﺭﮔﺮ‬ employ, employee lay off
regiment ‫ﻟﺸﮑﺮ‬ troop
reminder ‫ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ remembrance
rip ‫ﭘﺎﺭﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ tear
shrink ‫ﮐﻮﭼﮑﺘﺮ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ get smaller grow
summon ‫ﺩﻋﻮﺕ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺍﺣﻀﺎﺭ‬ call dismiss
surrender ‫ﺗﺴﻠﻴﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ‬ give up retain
swamp ‫ﺑﺎﺗﻼﻕ‬
throne ‫ﺗﺨﺖ‘ ﺳﺮﻳﺮ‬
uproar ‫ﻏﻮﻏﺎ‘ ﺁﺷﻮﺏ‬ chaos, tumult peace
38
Lesson 39
unearth ‫ﮐﺸﻒ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ dig up, discover, find out cover up, bury
depart ‫ﺗﺮﮎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ leave, go away, change, die arrive
coincide ‫ﻣﻮﺍﻓﻘﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ agree, correspond exactly, overlap
cancel ‫ﮐﻨﺴﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ call off, withdraw, wipe out
debtor ‫ﺑﺪﻫﮑﺎﺭ‬ person who owes something to another
legible ‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺎ‘ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﻭ ﺷﻔﺎﻑ‬ able to be read, plain and clear illegible
placard ‫ﭘﻼﮐﺎﺭﺩ‬ poster, advertisement
contagious ‫ﻣﺴﺮﻱ‘ ﻭﺍﮔﻴﺮﺩﺍﺭ‬ infectious, transmittable
clergy ‫ﻣﺒﻠﻐﺎﻥ ﻣﺬﻫﺒﻲ‘ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻲ‬ persons prepared for religious work
customary ‫ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ‬ usual exceptional
transparent ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻑ‘ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬ see-through, clear opaque, unclear
scald ‫ﺷﺘﺸﻮ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺏ ﮔﺮﻡ‘ ﺳﻮﺧﺘﻦ ﺑﺎ ﺁﺏ‬
burn with hot liquid or steam
‫ﺟﻮﺵ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺨﺎﺭ‘ ﺩﺍﻍ‬
Lesson 40
epidemic ‫ﻫﻤﻪﮔﻴﺮ‬ widespread
obesity ‫ﭼﺎﻗﻲ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ‬ extreme fatness slenderness
magnify ‫ﺑﺰﺭﮔﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ cause to make larger than it really is, enlarge shrink
chiropractor ‫ﻣﺎﺳﺎﮊﻭﺭ‬ massager
obstacle ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻊ‬ obstruction, impediment
ventilate ‫ﺗﻬﻮﻳﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺑﺮﻣﻼ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ change the air in, discuss openly
jeopardize ‫ﺑﻪ ﺧﻄﺮ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺧﺘﻦ‬ risk, endanger
negative ‫ﻣﻨﻔﻲ‬ saying no, minus, showing the lights and
shadows reversed
pension ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﺎﺯﻧﺸﺴﺘﮕﻲ‬ retirement fund
vital ‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ‘ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﻬﻢ‘ ﻣﻬﻠﮏ‬ very important, necessary to life unimportant
municipal ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‬ of a city or state, urban country, rural
oral ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻫﻲ‬ spoken, by word of mouth, verbal written
39
Lessons 39-40
absenteeism ‫ﻏﻴﺒﺖ‬ absence attendance
applicant ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ candidate, interviewee
arthritis ‫ﺁﺭﺗﺮﻭﺯ‬
assassinate ‫ﺗﺮﻭﺭ‬ kill, murder
assist ‫ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ help hinder
barbed ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺩﺍﺭ‘ ﻣﻀﺮ‬ pointed, hurtful
blindfold ‫ﭼﺸﻢ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ‬
borrow ‫ﻗﺮﺽ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ have a loan of lend
buried ‫ﻣﺨﻔﻲ‬ hidden, concealed overt
chubby ‫ﭼﺎﻕ‬ fat slim
convention ‫ﺍﻧﺠﻤﻦ‬ meeting
corpulent ‫ﭼﺎﻕ‬ fat slim
ditch ‫ﮔﻮﺩﺍﻝ‘ ﮐﺎﻧﺎﻝ‬ channel
drowning ‫ﻏﺮﻕ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ going under floating
embarrassment ‫ﻧﺎﺭﺍﺣﺘﻲ‬ unease calm
envoy ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬ representative
execution ‫ﺍﻋﺪﺍﻡ‬ killing
fate ‫ﺳﺮﻧﻮﺷﺖ‬ destiny
fever ‫ﺗﺐ‬
ignorance ‫ﻧﺎ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬ unawareness knowledge
interview ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ‬ put questions to
ladder ‫ﻧﺮﺩﺑﺎﻥ‬
land ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‬ gain, acquire lose
lava ‫ﮔﺪﺍﺯﻩ‬ molten rock, magma
literal ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬ factual fictional
loan ‫ﻗﺮﺽ‘ ﻗﺮﺽ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ lend borrow
lung ‫ﺷﺶ‬
mutton ‫ﮔﻮﺷﺖ ﮔﻮﺳﻔﻨﺪ‬ beef, lamb
obese ‫ﭼﺎﻕ‬ fat, stout, corpulent slim
parade ‫ﺳﺎﻥ ﺩﻳﺪﻥ‘ ﻣﻴﺪﺍﻥ ﺳﺎﻥ‬ show off, exhibit
possession ‫ﻣﺎﻟﮑﻴﺖ‬
put down ‫ﻓﺮﻭ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬
rid ‫ﭘﺎﮎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ clear, do away with
riot ‫ﺁﺷﻮﺏ‬ disturbance
roast ‫ﮐﺒﺎﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ bake
rye ‫ﮔﻨﺪﻡ ﺳﻴﺎﻩ‘ ﭼﺎﻭﺩﺍﺭ‬
scald tears ‫ﺍﺷﮏ ﺣﺴﺮﺕ‬
scroll ‫ﻃﻮﻣﺎﺭ‬ roll
shipment ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻟﻪ‬ batch, load
slim ‫ﻻﻏﺮ‬ slender fat
stamp ‫ﻣﻬﺮ‘ ﻧﻘﺶ‬
stoutness ‫ﺗﻨﻮﻣﻨﺪﻱ‬ firmness, strength
superstition ‫ﺧﺮﺍﻓﻪﭘﺮﺳﺘﻲ‬ false notion
swelter ‫ﺧﻴﺲ ﻋﺮﻕ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ overheat, roast, boil
testify ‫ﮔﻮﺍﻫﻲ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ give evidence, confirm
turnout ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‘ ﺭﺃﻱﺩﻫﻨﺪﮐﺎﻥ‬ crowd, voters
vase ‫ﮔﻠﺪﺍﻥ‬
vertebrae ‫ﻣﻬﺮﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﻓﻘﺮﺍﺕ‬ backbone
vital wound ‫ﺟﺮﺍﺣﺖ ﻣﻬﻠﮏ‬
weight watcher ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺭﮊﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ‬ dieter, slimmer
yawning ‫ﺧﻤﻴﺎﺯﻩ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻥ‬
40
Lesson 41
complacent ‫ﺧﻮﺩﺧﻮﺍﻩ‘ ﻣﻐﺮﻭﺭ‬ self-satisfied
wasp ‫ﺯﻧﺒﻮﺭ‬
rehabilitate ‫ﺍﺣﻴﺎ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ restore to good condition, revitalize
parole ‫ﻗﻮﻝ ﺷﺮﻑ‘ ﺁﺯﺍﺩﻱ ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻁ‬ conditional freedom, word of honor
vertical ‫ﻋﻤﻮﺩﻱ‬ straight up and down with reference to horizon horizontal
multitude ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‘ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‬ a great number, a crowd
nominate ‫ﻣﻨﺼﻮﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ appoint to an office
potential ‫ﭘﺘﺎﻧﺴﻴﻞ‬ capability of coming into being or action
morgue ‫ﺳﺮﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪ‘ ﺑﺎﻳﮕﺎﻧﻲ‬
preoccupied ‫ﻣﺠﺬﻭﺏ‘ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ‬ took up all attention
upholstery ‫ﺭﻭﮐﺶ ﻣﺒﻞ‬ coverings and cushion for furniture
indifference ‫ﺑﻲﺍﻋﺘﻨﺎﻳﻲ‬
Lesson 42
maintain ‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻦ‘ ﺑﺎﻗﻲ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬ keep, keep up, uphold
snub ‫ﺗﺤﻘﻴﺮ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ treat coldly, scornfully or with contempt
endure ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ bear, last, keep on, stand
wrath ‫ﻋﺼﺒﺎﻧﻴﺖ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬ very great anger, rage
expose ‫ﺩﺭ ﻣﻌﺮﺽ ﭼﻴﺰﻱ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ lay open, uncover, show openly
legend ‫ﺩﺍﺳﺘﺎﻥ‘ ﻳﺎﺩﺩﺍﺷﺖ‬ tale, myth
ponder ‫ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ‬ consider carefully
resign ‫ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺍﺳﺘﻌﻔﺎ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ give up, yield, submit
drastic ‫ﻣﺆﺛﺮ‘ ﻗﻮﻱ‬ acting with force or violence
wharf ‫ﺑﺎﺭﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ‘ ﻟﻨﮕﺮﮔﺎﻩ‬ pier, dock
amend ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ alter, modify, change worsen
ballot ‫ﺑﺮﮔﻪ ﺭﺃﻱ‬ vote, secret ballot
41
Lessons 41-42
Word Synonym Antonym Double Duty Words
afresh ‫ﻣﺠﺪﺩﹰﺍ‬ again
ally ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺖ‬ friend enemy 1. surplus (n., adj.)
annihilation ‫ﺍﻧﻬﺪﺍﻡ‬ total destruction protection
assign ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ allocate 2. deliberate (v., adj.)
beset ‫ﺍﺣﺎﻃﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬
blame ‫ﺳﺮﺯﻧﺶ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻬﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ accuse 3. summit (adj., n.)
brainchild ‫ﻣﺤﺼﻮﻝ ﻓﮑﺮﻱ‬ idea
cattle ‫ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻫﻠﻲ‘ ﻋﻮﺍﻡﺍﻟﻨﺎﺱ‬ domestic animals 4. swarm (v., n.)
contempt ‫ﺗﻮﻫﻴﻦ‬ scorn admiration
cushion ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺶ‘ ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬ pillow, shield 5. wobble (v., n.)
deed ‫ﻛﺮﺩﺍﺭ‘ ﻋﻤﻞ‬ action
donate ‫ﺍﻫﺪﺍ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ give 6. pension (v., n.)
embarrassing ‫ﻧﺎﺭﺍﺣﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ upsetting
exhausted ‫ﺧﺴﺘﻪ‘ ﻭﺍﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩ‬ tired refreshed 7. parole (v., n.)
flame ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻧﻪ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻥ‬ burn, light up
forgery ‫ﺟﻌﻠﻲ‬ imitation original 8. ballot (n., v.)
grave ‫ﮔﻮﺭ‬ tomb
heave ‫ﺁﻩ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻥ‬ haul 9. negative (n., adj.)
henchman ‫ﺁﺩﻣﮑﺶ ﺣﺮﻓﻪﺍﻱ‬
in the interest of ‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻔﻊ‬ 10. snub (v., n.)
incredible ‫ﺷﮕﻔﺖﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰ‬ astonishing unremarkable Opposites
inmate ‫ﺯﻧﺪﺍﻧﻲ‬ prisoner, convict
lever ‫ﺍﻫﺮﻡ‬ handle 1. surplus ≠ shortage
literal ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬ factual fictional
measures ‫ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻣﺎﺕ‬ 2. heed ≠ refuse to listen
mound ‫ﺑﻠﻨﺪﻱ‬ hill
notorious ‫ﮔﻤﻨﺎﻡ‬ infamous famous 3. unearth ≠ bury
parasol ‫ﭼﺘﺮ‬ umbrella
pig ‫ﺧﻮﻙ‬ 4. magnify ≠ make smaller
porch ‫ﺍﻳﻮﺍﻥ‘ ﺑﺎﻟﮑﻦ‬ terrace, balcony
poverty ‫ﮐﻤﺒﻮﺩ‬ scarcity surplus 5. amend ≠ leave the same
put up ‫ﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬
rhyme ‫ﺷﻌﺮ‬ poem 6. oral ≠ written
roundup ‫ﺟﻤﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ collect disperse
rude ‫ﺑﻲﺍﺩﺏ‬ impolite polite 7. depart ≠ arrive
scornfully ‫ﺗﻤﺴﺨﺮﺁﻣﻴﺰ‬ contemptuously respectfully
sentence ‫ﻣﺤﮑﻮﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ condemn 8. unify ≠ split up
sigh ‫ﺁﻩ ﮐﺸﻴﺪﻥ‬ exhale noisily
skeptic ‫ﺷﮑﺎﮎ‘ ﺷﮏ ﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰ‬ dubious 9. wrath ≠ happiness
slayer ‫ﻗﺎﺗﻞ‬ killer
sofa ‫ﻣﺒﻞ‬ settee 10. kneel ≠ stand up straight
sprinkler ‫ﺁﺑﻔﺸﺎﻥ‬
stain ‫ﻟﮏ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺧﺘﻦ‬ blemish
sting ‫ﻧﻴﺶ‬
torture ‫ﻋﺬﺍﺏ‬ torment
tremble ‫ﺗﮑﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ shake
tribe ‫ﻗﺒﻴﻠﻪ‬ family, ethnic group
urge ‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺻﺮﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬ insist on
velvet ‫ﻣﺨﻤﻞ‬
weakling ‫ﮐﻢ ﺑﻨﻴﻪ‘ ﺿﻌﻴﻒ‬
42
Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL)
Lesson 1
Word Synonym Antonym Verb Noun Adjective Adverb
abroad overseas ☺
abrupt sudden gradual abruptness ☺ abruptly
acceptable permissible unacceptable accept acceptability ☺ acceptably
acclaim praise criticize ☺ acclamation acclaimed
actually truly actual ☺
adverse unfavorable favorable ☺ adversely
advice suggestion warning advise ☺ advisable
attractive appealing repellent attract attraction ☺ attractively
autonomous independent dependent ☺ autonomously
disapproval objection approval disapprove ☺ disapprovingly
disruptive disturbing disrupt disruption ☺ disruptively
haphazardly arbitrarily systematically haphazardness haphazard ☺
ideal perfect ideal ☺ ideally
persistent constant feeble persist persistence ☺ persistently
wide broad narrow wideness ☺ widely
Lesson 2
advanced progressive traditional advance advancement ☺
advantage benefit disadvantage ☺ advantageous advantageously
advent arrival departure ☺
agile nimble clumsy agility, agileness ☺ agilely
albeit although
allow permit forbid ☺ allowance allowable allowably
appealing alluring repulsive appeal appeal ☺ appealingly
celebrated renowned unknown ☺
contemporary current old ☺
distribute dispense ☺ distribution ☺
encourage inspire ☺ encouragement encouraging encouragingly
energetic vigorous energy ☺ energetically
frail fragile strong frailty ☺
refine perfect contaminate ☺ refinement refined
worthwhile rewarding worthless ☺
1
Lesson 1
allotted ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺹ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪ‬ selected
aphrodisiac ‫ﺑﺮﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰﺍﻧﻨﺪﻩ ﺟﻨﺴﻲ‬
applause ‫ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ‬ clapping jeering
applicant ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺿﻲ‬ candidate
artistic ‫ﻫﻨﺮﻱ‬ arty
assignment ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ‬ project
attire ‫ﻟﺒﺎﺱ‬ dress
authority ‫ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ‘ ﻗﺪﺭﺕ‬ power powerlessness
cognitive ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺘﻲ‬
colony ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻌﻤﺮﻩ‬
conceive ‫ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ imagine
cryptic ‫ﻣﺮﻣﻮﺯ‬ mysterious straightforward
devastating ‫ﻭﻳﺮﺍﻥﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ destructive
displeasing ‫ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺷﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬ distressing pleasing
distract ‫ﺍﻏﻔﺎﻝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ sidetrack
enthusiastic ‫ﻣﺸﺘﺎﻕ‬ eager
factual ‫ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ‬ realistic fictional
gland ‫ﻏﺪﻩ‬
incident ‫ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻑ‘ ﺭﻭﻳﺪﺍﺩ‬ clash, event
irrational ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ‬ illogical rational
native ‫ﺍﻫﻠﻲ‘ ﺑﻮﻣﻲ‬ inhabitant foreigner
negotiate ‫ﻣﺬﺍﮐﺮﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ talk
perception ‫ﺍﺩﺭﺍﮎ‬ insight
perfume ‫ﻋﻄﺮ‬ aroma
plain ‫ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬ clear ambiguous
psychotherapy ‫ﺭﻭﺍﻥﺩﺭﻣﺎﻧﻲ‬
recognition ‫ﺷﻨﺎﺧﺖ‬ identification
recruit ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺪﺍﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ employ
relinquish ‫ﺭﻫﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ abandon retain
rewarding ‫ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ‬ worthwhile disappointing
tariff ‫ﺗﻌﺮﻓﻪ‬ tax
territory ‫ﻗﻠﻤﺮﻭ‬ region, terrain
therapy ‫ﺩﺭﻣﺎﻥ‬ cure, treatment
virtually ‫ﻭﺍﻗﻌ ﹰﺎ‬
vulnerable ‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐﭘﺬﻳﺮ‬ in danger
2
Lesson 2
abominable ‫ﺯﺷﺖ‬ awful
carnivorous ‫ﮔﻮﺷﺘﺨﻮﺍﺭ‬
consequence ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ‘ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬ result, importance
contemptuous ‫ﺍﻫﺎﻧﺖﺁﻣﻴﺰ‬ scornful admiring
convince ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ persuade dissuade
curious ‫ﻋﺠﻴﺐ‬ peculiar ordinary
diet ‫ﺭﮊﻳﻢ ﻏﺬﺍﻳﻲ‬ regime
dweller ‫ﺳﺎﮐﻦ ﻳﮏ ﻣﺤﻞ‬ inhabitant
entertainment ‫ﺳﺮﮔﺮﻣﻲ‬ hobby
evolve ‫ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ develop, progress
facilitate ‫ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ ease impede
interfere ‫ﻣﺪﺍﺧﻠﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ get in the way
involvement ‫ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ‘ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﺎﺭﻱ‬ contribution
jogging ‫ﺁﻫﺴﺘﻪ ﺩﻭﻳﺪﻥ‬ run
laziness ‫ﺗﻨﺒﻠﻲ‬ idleness energy
poll ‫ﺭﺃﻱ‬ ballot
remote ‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺱ‬ inaccessible nearby
shrimp ‫ﻣﻴﮕﻮ‬
spectacular ‫ﺗﻤﺎﺷﺎﻳﻲ‬ wonderful humdrum
splendor ‫ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ‬
swallow ‫ﭘﺮﺳﺘﻮ‬
tadpole ‫ﻧﻮﺯﺍﺩ ﻗﻮﺭﺑﺎﻏﻪ‬
theme ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ topic
tidal ‫ﺟﺰﺭ ﻭ ﻣﺪﻱ‬
trait ‫ﻭﻳﮋﮔﻲ‘ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ‬ attribute, feature
valley ‫ﺩﺭﻩ‬
vegetarian ‫ﮔﻴﺎﻫﺨﻮﺍﺭ‬
wilderness ‫ﺑﻴﺎﺑﺎﻥ‬ wasteland
3
Lesson 3
alter modify maintain ☺ alteration alterable alterably
analyze examine ☺ analysis
ancient old contemporary ☺
annoying bothersome pleasing annoy annoyance ☺ annoyingly
anticipate predict ☺ anticipation anticipatory
conform adapt contradict ☺ conformity
detect notice ☺ detection
enrich enhance ☺ enrichment enriching
intensify heighten weaken ☺ intensity intensive intensively
intolerable unbearable bearable intolerance ☺ intolerantly
observe notice ☺ observer observant
ongoing current finished ☺
propose suggest ☺ proposal proposed
restore revitalize ☺ restoration restored
vital indispensable unimportant vitality ☺ vitally
Lesson 4
ambiguous vague clear ambiguity ☺ ambiguously
apparent visible unclear ☺ apparently
arbitrary haphazard logical arbitrariness ☺ arbitrarily
assert declare deny ☺ assertiveness assertive assertively
astounding astonishing astound ☺ astoundingly
astute perceptive stupid astuteness ☺ astutely
authorize empower forbid ☺ authority authorized
deceptively misleadingly honestly deceive deception deceptive ☺
determined resolute irresolute determine determination
elicit extract ☺ elicitation
forbid ban allow ☺ forbidden forbiddingly
petition appeal ☺ petition
relinquish abdicate retain ☺ relinquishment
resilient tenacious weak resilience ☺ resiliently
tempt entice ☺ temptation tempting temptingly
4
Lesson 3
archaeologist ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺘﺎﻥﺷﻨﺎﺱ‬
attribute ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ‬ trait, characteristic
celestial ‫ﺁﺳﻤﺎﻧﻲ‬ heavenly earthly
compensation ‫ﺑﺎﺯﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺖ‬ repayment
course ‫ﺟﻬﺖ‘ ﺍﻟﮕﻮ‬ direction, pattern
dairy ‫ﻟﺒﻨﻲ‬
deficiency ‫ﻧﻘﺺ‘ ﮐﻤﺒﻮﺩ‬ defect, shortage perfection, excess
diverse ‫ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ‬ different similar
dubious ‫ﻣﺸﮑﻮﮎ‬ uncertain certain
generation ‫ﻧﺴﻞ‬ age group
interstellar ‫ﺑﻴﻦﺳﺘﺎﺭﻩﺍﻱ‬
mask ‫ﭘﻮﺷﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬ cover
miss ‫ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪﻥ‬ fail to attend attend
momentous ‫ﺧﻄﻴﺮ‘ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ important trivial
mosquito ‫ﭘﺸﻪ‬
nutritional ‫ﻣﻐﺬﻱ‬ dietary
promotional ‫ﺗﺒﻠﻴﻐﺎﺗﻲ‬
restoration ‫ﺗﺮﻣﻴﻢ‬ repair
seriousness ‫ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‘ ﺧﻄﻴﺮ‬ importance triviality
stoical ‫ﺑﺮﺩﺑﺎﺭ‬ enduring
strict ‫ﻣﺤﮑﻢ‘ ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‬ firm lenient
tardiness ‫ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ‬ delay punctuality
threshold ‫ﺁﺳﺘﺎﻧﻪ‬ limit
tutoring ‫ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺲ ﺧﺼﻮﺻﻲ‬ teaching
Lesson 4
forbid ‫ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ ﺑﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ bad feeling
grace ‫ﺯﻳﺒﺎﻳﻲ‬ beauty awkwardness
herd ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻴﺖ‬ group
juxtaposition ‫ﺍﻟﺤﺎﻕ‬ combination
on behalf of ‫ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻑ‬ in support of
provision ‫ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ condition
resolution ‫ﻋﺰﻡ‘ ﻗﻄﻌﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ decision, declaration
seek ‫ﻃﻠﺐ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ ask for
subsidize ‫ﺣﻤﺎﻳﺖ ﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬ support financially
suffrage ‫ﺣﻖ ﺭﺃﻱ‬ vote
tenure ‫ﻣﺪﺕ ﺗﺼﺪﻱ‬ occupancy, permanent status
trample ‫ﻟﮕﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ walk on
treaty ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻫﺪﻩ‬ pact
wander ‫ﺳﺮﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﻲ‘ ﮔﻴﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ lose concentration
withdraw ‫ﺣﺬﻑ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ remove put in
witty ‫ﺷﻮﺥ‬ humorous dull
5
Lesson 5
amaze astonish ☺ amazement amazing amazingly
baffle puzzle ☺ bafflement baffling
bear yield ☺ bearable bearably
block obstruct ☺ blockage blocked
blur cloud clear ☺ blur blurred
brilliant radiant dull, mediocre brilliance ☺ brilliantly
caution warn ☺ caution cautious cautiously
challenge dare challenge ☺ challenging
delicate fragile robust ☺ delicately
enhance strengthen ☺ enhancement enhanced
intrigue fascinate ☺ intrigue intriguing intriguingly
persuade convince discourage ☺ persuasion persuasive persuasively
replace substitute ☺ replacement replaceable
shed discard ☺
unique rare common uniqueness ☺ uniquely
Lesson 6
chiefly mostly chief ☺
coarse rough smooth coarseness ☺ coarsely
commonplace frequent, ☺
extraordinary
standard
comparatively relatively absolutely compare comparison comparative ☺
complex complicated simple complexity ☺
conventional traditional unconventional convention ☺ conventionally
curious peculiar ordinary curiosity ☺ curiously
exceedingly extremely exceed excess excessive ☺
exclusively restrictively partially exclude exclusion exclusive ☺
immense massive tiny immensity ☺ immensely
indeed truly ☺
rigid stiff floppy ☺ rigidly
routinely ordinarily unusually routine routine ☺
sufficiently adequately inadequately suffice sufficiency sufficient ☺
Visibly noticeably view vision visionary, visible ☺
6
Lesson 5
orchard ‫ﺑﺎﻍ ﻣﻴﻮﻩ‬
advocacy ‫ﻃﺮﻓﺪﺍﺭﻱ‬ support, promotion
constellation ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻓﻠﮑﻲ‬
controversial ‫ﺑﺤﺚﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰ‬ debatable
crab ‫ﺧﺮﭼﻨﮓ‬
critic ‫ﻣﻨﺘﻘﺪ‬ detractor, opponent fan, supporter
denture ‫ﺩﻧﺪﺍﻥ ﻣﺼﻨﻮﻋﻲ‬
flint ‫ﺳﻨﮓ ﭼﺨﻤﺎﻕ‬
hatching ‫ﺟﻮﺟﻪﮐﺸﻲ‬
imitation ‫ﺗﻘﻠﺒﻲ‘ ﺑﺪﻟﻲ‬ mock, artificial real
meandering ‫ﻣﺎﺭﭘﻴﭻ‬ twisty direct
ornamental ‫ﺁﺭﺍﻳﺸﻲ‘ ﺗﺰﻳﻴﻨﻲ‬ decorative, attractive
outsider ‫ﺧﺎﺭﺟﻲ‬ foreigner native
perennial ‫ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻲ‘ ﮔﻴﺎﻩ ﭼﻨﺪﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬ permanent, lasting occasional
Perseus ‫ﺑﺮﺳﺎﻭﺵ‬
porcelain ‫ﺧﺎﮎ ﭼﻴﻨﻲ‬ ceramic
shipwrecked ‫ﮐﺸﺘﻲ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻪ‬
solicit ‫ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ ask for, petition for grant
status ‫ﺟﺎﻳﮕﺎﻩ‬ rank, level
tattooing ‫ﺧﺎﻟﮑﻮﺑﻲ‬
tropical ‫ﮔﺮﻣﺴﻴﺮ‬ hot temperate
underestimate ‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﮐﻢ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ undervalue, miscalculate overestimate
Lesson 6
adhere ‫ﭼﺴﺒﻴﺪﻥ‘ ﻫﻮﺍﺧﻮﺍﻫﻲ‬ stick
attendance ‫ﺣﻀﻮﺭ‬ presence
bias ‫ﺗﻤﺎﻳﻞ‘ ﺗﻌﺼﺐ‬ partiality, favoritism impartiality
comprehend ‫ﻓﻬﻤﻴﺪﻥ‬ understand
contest ‫ﻣﺴﺎﺑﻘﻪ‬ competition
convention ‫ﺭﺳﻢ‘ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ‬ tradition, meeting
covet ‫ﻃﻤﻊ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬
domestic ‫ﺧﺎﻧﮕﻲ‘ ﺍﻫﻠﻲ‬ home public
durable ‫ﺑﺎﺩﻭﺍﻡ‬ robust, resilient flimsy
gravel ‫ﺳﻨﮕﺮﻳﺰﻩ‬ stony, pebbly
homesick ‫ﺩﻟﺘﻨﮓ‬ nostalgic
infirmary ‫ﺑﻴﻤﺎﺭﺳﺘﺎﻥ‬ hospital
ingenious ‫ﺧﻼﻕ‬ inventive
juggling ‫ﺗﺮﺩﺳﺘﻲ‬
modest ‫ﻧﺴﺒﺘ ﹰﺎ ﮐﻢ‘ ﻓﺮﻭﺗﻦ‬ fairly small excessive
peculiar ‫ﻋﺠﻴﺐ‬ strange normal
preconception ‫ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻗﺒﻠﻲ‬ bias
rival ‫ﺭﻗﺎﺑﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ match, compete with
trigonometry ‫ﻣﺜﻠﺜﺎﺕ‬
tumbling ‫ﻣﻌﻠﻖ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ dropping rising
vine ‫ﮔﻴﺎﻩ ﺑﺎﻻﺭﻭﻧﺪﻩ‬ climbing plant
7
Lesson 7
appropriate proper inappropriate appropriateness ☺ appropriately
clarify explain confuse ☺ clarification
conceal hide reveal ☺ concealment
confirm prove refute ☺ confirmation confirmed
constantly continually intermittently constant ☺
convenient practical, inconvenient ☺ convenience conveniently
suitable, near
core chief core ☺
critical dangerous stable critique critic, criticism ☺ critically
distort deform straighten ☺ distortion distorted
diverse different similar diversify diversity ☺ diversely
prosperous thriving, wealthy poor prosper prosperity ☺ prosperously
purposefully deliberately purpose purposeful ☺
reveal disclose conceal ☺ revelation revealing revealingly
scarcely hardly scarcity scarce ☺
theoretically hypothetically theorize theory theoretical ☺
Lesson 8
accelerate hasten slow down ☺ acceleration
crack fracture crack ☺
create produce destroy ☺ creativeness creative creatively
creep crawl ☺ creeping
crush grind ☺ crush crushing
cultivate grow ☺ cultivation cultivated
dictate impose ☺ dictator dictatorial
distinguish discriminate ☺ distinguishing
flaw defect ☺ flawed
harvest gather harvest ☺ harvested
mirror reflect ☺ mirror
obtain gain lose ☺ obtainable
particle fragment ☺
settle colonize take off ☺ settlement settled
transport carry ☺ transportation transportable
8
Lesson 7
accuse ‫ﻣﺘﻬﻢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ charge, blame
adopt ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ accept reject
continent ‫ﻗﺎﺭﻩ‬
convenient ‫ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏ‘ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ suitable, near inconvenient
curriculum ‫ﺳﻴﻼﺑﺲ‬ syllabus
cuttlefish ‫ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﻣﺮﮐﺐ‬
deliberately ‫ﻫﺪﻓﻤﻨﺪﺍﻧﻪ‬ intentionally, purposely accidentally
deserve ‫ﺳﺰﺍﻭﺍﺭ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ merit, be worthy of
dugout ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺍﺥ‬ hollow
embryonic ‫ﺟﻨﻴﻨﻲ‬
eventually ‫ﺳﺮﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ finally, ultimately
evolution ‫ﺗﮑﺎﻣﻞ ﺗﺪﺭﻳﺠﻲ‬ development
gill ‫ﺁﺑﺸﺶ‬
glare ‫ﺩﺭﺧﺸﻨﺪﮔﻲ‬ shine, brightness dullness
husbandry ‫ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺵ ﺩﺍﻡ‬ farming
illumination ‫ﺭﻭﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ‬ lighting
kidney ‫ﮐﻠﻴﻪ‬
leap ‫ﭘﺮﺵ‬ jump drop
mollusk ‫ﺣﻠﺰﻭﻥ‬
rationing ‫ﺳﻬﻤﻴﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ‬ share out, distribute
sever ‫ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ cut, separate unite
sod ‫ﭼﻤﻦ‘ ﻗﻠﻤﺮﻭ‬ grass,
Lesson 8
abide by ‫ﻭﻓﺎﺩﺍﺭ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ‘ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﻱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ obey defy
accomplish ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ do
advocate ‫ﻃﺮﻓﺪﺍﺭ‬ supporter opponent
anteater ‫ﻣﻮﺭﭼﻪﺧﻮﺍﺭ‬
blemish ‫ﺁﺳﻴﺐ ﺭﺳﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬ damage
enlist (enroll) ‫ﻧﺎﻡﻧﻮﻳﺴﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ sign up
hobby ‫ﺳﺮﮔﺮﻣﻲ‬ pastime, diversion
iridescent ‫ﺩﺭﺧﺸﺎﻥ‬ shining
legislation ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﮕﺬﺍﺭﻱ‬
lineage ‫ﺷﺠﺮﻩﻧﺎﻣﻪ‬ family tree
opal ‫ﻋﻘﻴﻖ‬
plague ‫ﺑﻼ‘ ﺁﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ trouble, bother
precedent ‫ﻣﻘﺪﻡ‘ ﺭﻭﺍﻝ‬ pattern
resemble ‫ﺷﺒﺎﻫﺖ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻦ‬ look like differ
settle ‫ﺣﻞ ﺍﺧﺘﻼﻑ‬ become calm
slump ‫ﺳﻘﻮﻁ‘ ﮐﺎﻫﺶ‬ fall, drop rise
9
Lesson 9
accurate precise inaccurate accuracy ☺ accurately
classify arrange ☺ classification classified
currency money ☺
deep thorough shallow deepen depth ☺ deeply
dense thick density ☺ densely
depend on trust mistrust ☺ dependent dependable dependably
dim faint light dim dimness ☺ dimly
display exhibit conceal ☺ display
exports foreign sales import export ☺ exported
gigantic enormous tiny ☺ gigantically
impressive imposing unimpressive impress impression ☺ impressively
lasting enduring temporary last ☺
treasury bank treasure ☺ treasured
uniform consistent inconsistent uniformity ☺ uniformly
vibrant brilliant dull vibrance ☺ vibrantly
Lesson 10
distinct definite indistinct distinction ☺ distinctly
dominant major minor dominate domination ☺ dominantly
dormant inactive active dormitory ☺
drab colorless interesting drabness ☺ drably
dramatic emotional dull dramatize drama ☺ dramatically
elaborate complex straightforward elaborate elaboration ☺ elaborately
exceptional phenomenal ordinary ☺ exceptionally
hazardous dangerous safe hazard ☺ hazardously
minuscule tiny gigantic minutia minute☺
prime prepare ☺ prime prime, primed
rudimentary basic rudiment ☺
sensitive delicate impervious sensitivity ☺ sensitively
superficial shallow deep ☺ superficially
terrifying frightening terrify ☺ terrifyingly
vigorous strong sluggish vigor ☺ vigorously
10
Lesson 9
address ‫ﺧﻄﺎﺑﻪ‬ speak to
addressee ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻃﺐ‘ ﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪﻩ‬ receiver donor
aspiration ‫ﺗﻨﻔﺲ‘ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ goal
chasm ‫ﺷﮑﺎﻑ‬ opening
conservative ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﻪﮐﺎﺭ‬ cautious speculative
context ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ‬ background
featured ‫ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ‘ ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ‬ characteristic
genius ‫ﻧﺒﻮﻍ‬ brilliance
glowing ‫ﺗﺎﺑﺎﻥ‬ bright dull
inaugural ‫ﺍﻓﺘﺘﺎﺣﻲ‘ ﮔﺸﺎﻳﺸﻲ‬ opening
interest ‫ﺑﻬﺮﻩ‬ benefit
intuitive ‫ﺷﻬﻮﺩﻱ‬ perceptive obtuse
modality ‫ﻭﺟﻪ‬
monopoly ‫ﺍﻧﺤﺼﺎﺭ‬ domination
nebulae ‫ﺳﺤﺎﺑﻲ‬
outstanding ‫ﺍﺳﺘﺜﻨﺎﻳﻲ‬ exceptional ordinary
pact ‫ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ treaty
persuasion ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﻋﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ point of view
postulate ‫ﻓﺮﺽ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ assume
prevailing ‫ﻣﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬ popular, general
prevalent ‫ﻏﺎﻟﺐ‘ ﻣﺘﺪﺍﻭﻝ‬ common rare
privileged ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‘ ﻃﺒﻘﻪ ﻣﻤﺘﺎﺯ‬
ravine ‫ﺩﺭﻩ ﺗﻨﮓ‬ narrow valley
scope ‫ﺣﻮﺯﻩ‘ ﻭﺳﻌﺖ‬ range, scale
Scotch ‫ﺍﺳﮑﺎﺗﻠﻨﺪﻱ‬
thistle ‫ﺑﻮﺗﻪ ﺧﺎﺭ‬
11
Lesson 10
adapt ‫ﻭﻓﻖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ become accustomed
adopt ‫ﻗﺒﻮﻝ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺍﻗﺘﺒﺎﺱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ accept reject
adopted son ‫ﭘﺴﺮﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻩ‬
aroma ‫ﺑﻮﻱ ﺧﻮﺵ‬ perfume
bilateral ‫ﺩﻭ ﻃﺮﻓﻪ‬ two-sided unilateral
dart away ‫ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﺗﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺳﺮﻳﻊ‬
demise ‫ﻭﺍﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ‘ ﻣﺮﮒ‬ death birth
dormitory ‫ﺧﻮﺍﺑﮕﺎﻩ‬ student house
elaboration ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻑﺳﺎﺯﻱ‬ clarification
elapse ‫ﻣﻨﻘﻀﻲ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ pass
entrepreneurs ‫ﮐﺎﺭﻓﺮﻣﺎﻳﺎﻧﻪ‬
eruption ‫ﻓﻮﺭﺍﻥ‬ explosion
evolve ‫ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ develop, progress
facet ‫ﺭﻭﻳﻪ‬ side
feather ‫ﭘﺮ‬ plume
hull ‫ﺑﺪﻧﻪ ﮐﺸﺘﻲ‬
involvement ‫ﺩﺭﮔﻴﺮﻱ‘ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﺎﺭﻱ‬ taking part
majestic ‫ﺑﺎ ﺷﮑﻮﻩ‬ grand, splendid humble
mythology ‫ﺍﺳﻄﻮﺭﻩﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‬ folklore
pass away ‫ﻣﺮﺩﻥ‬ die
plumage ‫ﭘﺮ ﻭ ﺑﺎﻝ‬
plunge ‫ﺷﻴﺮﺟﻪ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬ sink, dive
rear ‫ﻋﻘﺐ‬ back front
skyline ‫ﺧﻂ ﺍﻓﻖ‬
skyscraper ‫ﺁﺳﻤﺎﻧﺨﺮﺍﺵ‬
slither ‫ﺳﺮ ﺧﻮﺭﺩﻥ‬ slide
terrifying ‫ﺗﺮﺳﻨﺎﮎ‬ frightening
trust ‫ﻋﻬﺪﻩﺩﺍﺭﻱ‘ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ‬ responsibility
turnpike ‫ﻋﻮﺍﺭﺿﻲ‬
12
Lesson 11
amenity convenience inconvenience ☺
destroy ruin build ☺ destruction destructive destructively
disperse circulate ☺ dispersed
dwelling house dwell dweller☺
element component, ☺ elemental
environment
elementary primary ☺
eliminate delete ☺ elimination eliminated
emphasize highlight ☺ emphasis emphatic emphatically
encircle surround ☺ encircled
erratic inconsistent consistent ☺ erratically
exaggerate overstate understate ☺ exaggeration exaggerated
mention remark conceal ☺ mention mentioned
pier dock ☺
prevalent common rare prevalence ☺
release free hold ☺ release
Lesson 12
benefit assist suffer ☺ beneficiary beneficial beneficially
blind unaware aware blindness ☺ blindly
broaden enlarge narrow ☺ breadth broad broadly
burgeon thrive dwindle ☺ burgeoning
conspicuously noticeably inconspicuously conspicuous ☺
demand insist request ☺ demand demanding demandingly
endorse support ☺ endorsement
enormous tremendous tiny enormity ☺ enormously
entirely thoroughly partly entirety entire ☺
erode deteriorate ☺ erosion
evaporate disappear ☺ evaporation
recover ☺ recovery recoverable,
retrieve lose
recovered
reportedly rumored report report reported ☺
shift switch shift ☺ shifting shifty
suffer ☺ suffering, suffering
endure sufferer
13
Lesson 11
abode ‫ﻣﺴﮑﻦ‬ home
belonging ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻳﻲ‬
burrow ‫ﺳﻮﺭﺍﺥ‬ hole
clutter ‫ﺑﻲﻧﻈﻢ‬ disorder
conifers ‫ﻣﺨﺮﻭﻃﻴﺎﻥ‬
expedition ‫ﻫﻴﺌﺖ ﺍﻋﺰﺍﻣﻲ‘ ﺳﻔﺮ‬ team, journey
grocery ‫ﺑﻘﺎﻟﻲ‬
hand-out ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻋﻴﻪ‬ brochure
humorous ‫ﺷﻮﺥ‬ witty
hurricane ‫ﺗﻨﺪﺑﺎﺩ‬ tornado
intended ‫ﻧﺎﻣﺰﺩ‬ proposed
intent ‫ﻗﺼﺪ‘ ﻧﻴﺖ‬ intention, aim
latter ‫ﺩﻭﻣﻲ‘ ﺁﺧﺮﻱ‬ last, second former
mat ‫ﺣﺼﻴﺮ‬ pad, wad
mediocre ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺳﻂ‬ average, ordinary excellent
objective ‫ﻫﺪﻑ‬ goal
pad ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺩﺭﺯ‬ fill
perseverance ‫ﭘﺸﺘﮑﺎﺭ‬ determination feebleness
pier ‫ﺍﺳﮑﻠﻪ‬ dock, wharf
prairie ‫ﭼﻤﻦﺯﺍﺭ‬ grassland, plain
ridicule ‫ﻣﺴﺨﺮﻩ‬ scorn
rugged ‫ﺯﻣﺨﺖ‬ rough smooth
sanitation ‫ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺪﺍﺷﺘﻲ‘ ﭘﺎﮐﻴﺰﮔﻲ‬ cleanliness dirtiness
satirical ‫ﻃﻨﺰ‬ humorous
ward ‫ﺑﺨﺶ‘ ﻧﺎﺣﻴﻪ‬ region
waterspout ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺑﺎﺩ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬
whirlwind ‫ﮔﺮﺩﺑﺎﺩ‬ hurricane, tornado
14
Lesson 12
aggressive ‫ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯﮐﺎﺭﺍﻧﻪ‘ ﺧﺸﻦ‬ forceful, violent
allege ‫ﺍﺩﻋﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ assert, declare deny
bitter ‫ﺗﻠﺦ‘ ﻧﺎﺧﻮﺷﺎﻳﻨﺪ‬ unpleasant sweet, pleasant
charity ‫ﺧﻴﺮﻳﻪ‬ aid organization
defy ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻭﻣﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ resist obey
disband ‫ﻣﻨﺤﻞ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ break up
fault ‫ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﺷﺪﮔﻲ‬
former ‫ﻗﺒﻠﻲ‘ ﺍﻭﻟﻲ‬ previous
fund ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ finance
harbor ‫ﺑﻨﺪﺭ‬
infectious ‫ﻋﻔﻮﻧﻲ‘ ﻣﺴﺮﻱ‬ transmittable
inland ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ‘ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ‬ inner exterior
intrusion ‫ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ‘ ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻢ‬ invasion
invade ‫ﻫﺠﻮﻡ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ‬ attack
loose ‫ﮔﺸﺎﺩ‬ floppy tight
motif ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ‬ design
oblivious ‫ﺑﻲﺧﺒﺮ‘ ﻓﺮﺍﻣﻮﺷﮑﺎﺭ‬ unaware, unconscious conscious
pace ‫ﮔﺎﻡ‬
retrieve ‫ﺑﺎﺯﮔﺮﺩﺍﻧﺪﻥ‬ recover lose
sailor ‫ﻣﻠﻮﺍﻥ‬
train ‫ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ educate
wear ‫ﺳﺎﻳﺶ‬ abrasion, deterioration
15
Lesson 13
dignitary notable nobody ☺
crucial critical trivial ☺ critically
elude evade ☺ elusiveness elusive
evident apparent unclear evidence ☺ evidently
exhaust deplete, thorough renew ☺ exhaustion exhaustive exhaustively
extensive comprehensive, to narrow extend extension ☺ extensively
offer, make longer

extremely highly somewhat extreme extreme ☺
face confront ☺
facet aspect ☺ faceted
hero idol heroic, heroine heroic☺ heroically
inaccessible remote accessible inaccessibility ☺ inaccessibly
obviously evidently ambiguously obvious ☺
predictably expectedly surprisingly predict prediction predictable ☺
solve resolve ☺ solution
suitable appropriate inappropriate suit ☺ suitably
Lesson 14
ample sufficient insufficient ☺ amply
arid dry humid ☺
avoid avert encourage ☺ avoidance avoidable
defy resist obey ☺ defying defyingly
enact legislate ☺ enactment enacted
even equitable uneven evenness ☺ evenly
feign simulate ☺ feigned
fertile fertilize fertility, ☺
rich infertile
fertilizer
freshly recently freshen freshness fresh ☺
function role function ☺ functional functionally
fundamental essential secondary ☺ fundamentally
indiscriminate arbitrary ☺ indiscriminately
selective select selection, ☺ selectively
discriminating selectivity
spacious space, ☺ spaciously
expansive cramped
spaciousness
withstand survive perish ☺
16
Lesson 13
cherish ‫ﺧﻮﺏ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﭘﺮﻭﺭﺩﻥ‬ appreciate, nourish
cliff ‫ﺻﺨﺮﻩ‬ rock
commemorative ‫ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎﺩ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻧﻲ‬ memorial, celebratory
construe ‫ﺗﻔﺴﻴﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ interpret
criminal ‫ﻣﺠﺮﻡ‬ convict, villain
deed ‫ﻭﺍﮐﻨﺶ‘ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ‬ action, accomplishment
exemplary ‫ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰ‬ admirable
exhaustive ‫ﻋﻤﻴﻖ‬ thorough shallow
frivolous ‫ﺑﻲﻓﮑﺮﺍﻧﻪ‘ ﺍﺣﻤﻘﺎﻧﻪ‬ thoughtless, silly responsible
frustrate ‫ﺁﺯﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‘ ﺟﻠﻮﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ annoy, prevent encourage, promote
grave ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‘ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬ serious, severe minor
implement ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ perform
inconceivable ‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﺼﻮﺭ‬ unthinkable, unbelievable
mood ‫ﺧﻠﻖ ﻭ ﺧﻮ‘ ﺧﺸﻢ‬ frame of mind, anger equanimity
avail ‫ﻓﺎﻳﺪﻩ‘ ﻫﺪﻑ‬ advantage, purpose
offensive ‫ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻤﻲ‬ attacking peaceful
offer ‫ﻋﺮﺿﻪ‘ ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻑ‬ suggestion
ore ‫ﮐﺎﻧﻲ‬
portray ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ depict
rearing ‫ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ train, education
rigorous ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‘ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ‬ hard, severe
ritual ‫ﺳﻨﺘﻲ‘ ﺭﺳﻤﻲ‬ traditional, formal innovative
sprawl ‫ﺑﻲ ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﻭ ﮐﺘﺎﺏ ﺭﺷﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬
suit ‫ﻭﻓﻖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ be fitting clash
summit ‫ﺟﻠﺴﻪ‬ meeting
transitory ‫ﻣﻮﻗﺘﻲ‬ temporary permanent
tricky ‫ﺣﻴﻠﻪﮔﺮﺍﻧﻪ‬ crafty straight
tyrant ‫ﺣﺎﮐﻢ ﺳﺘﻤﮕﺮ‬ dictator
Lesson 14
catastrophe ‫ﺑﻼ ﻭ ﺑﺪﺑﺨﺘﻲ‬ disaster, calamity
cave ‫ﻏﺎﺭ‬
detractor ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ‘ ﻣﻨﺘﻘﺪ‬ critic, enemy supporter
fatal ‫ﮐﺸﻨﺪﻩ‘ ﻣﺨﺮﺏ‘ ﻣﻬﻢ‬ deadly, important
flourish ‫ﺭﺷﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ thrive, grow deteriorate
glacier ‫ﺗﻮﺩﻩ ﻳﺦ ﻏﻠﺘﺎﻥ‬
inalienable ‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﻧﮑﺎﺭ‬ undeniable
infestation ‫ﻫﺠﻮﻡ‬ invasion, swarm
opossum ‫ﻧﻮﻋﻲ ﺟﺎﻧﻮﺭ ﮐﻴﺴﻪﺩﺍﺭ‬
penance ‫ﺗﻮﺑﻪ‬ self-punishment, apology
penitential ‫ﻧﺪﺍﻣﺖﺁﻣﻴﺰ‬
rot ‫ﭘﻮﺳﻴﺪﻥ‘ ﺧﺮﺍﺏ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ decay, deteriorate
sustain ‫ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‘ ﺗﻐﺬﻳﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ continue, nourish quit, sap
terrain ‫ﻗﻠﻤﺮﻭ‬ territory
tribe ‫ﻗﺒﻴﻠﻪ‬ family
17
Lesson 15
durable flimsy durability, ☺
sturdy duration
favor support, ☺ favor favorable, favorably
favorite
advantageous
gain attain, increase lose ☺ gain gainful
generate create ☺ generation, generated
generator
halt stop begin ☺ halt halting haltingly
handle manage ☺ handling
harbor shelter ☺
harmful unhealthy harmless harm harm ☺ harmfully
insignificant meaningless significant insignificance ☺ insignificantly
mysterious baffling clear mystery, ☺ mysteriously
mysteriousness
perilous dangerous safe peril ☺ perilously
postpone delay ☺ postponement
promote boost ☺ promoter,
promotion
reject refuse accept ☺ rejection
substantial significant insignificant substantive☺ substantially
Lesson 16
conscientious meticulous careless ☺ conscientiously
convey communicate ☺
encompass include ☺
expansion growth contraction expand expansion☺ expandable
heighten intensify lessen ☺ height heightened
highlight emphasize ☺ highlight
inadvertently carelessly purposely inadvertent ☺
inevitable unavoidable avoidable inevitability ☺ inevitably
infancy beginning infant☺ infantile
miraculously astonishingly unremarkably miracle miraculous ☺
retrieve recover lose ☺ retrieval retrieved
systematically methodically haphazardly system systematic ☺
unlikely doubtful likely ☺
unwarranted unjustified justified ☺
zenith apex nadir ☺
18
Lesson 15
arbitration ‫ﺣﮑﻤﻴﺖ‘ ﺩﺍﻭﺭﻱ‬ adjudication, mediation
reassure ‫ﺩﻟﮕﺮﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ encourage undermine
blackout ‫ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ shutdown
bleach ‫ﺳﻔﻴﺪ )ﻭ ﺑﻲﺭﻧﮓ( ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ remove the color, lighten dye
respirator ‫ﻣﺎﺳﮏ ﺍﮐﺴﻴﮋﻥ‬ oxygen mask
circumstance ‫ﻭﺿﻌﻴﺖ‘ ﺷﺮﺍﻳﻂ‬ condition, situation
cosmos ‫ﮐﻴﻬﺎﻥ‬ universe
cue ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ‘ ﺳﻴﮕﻨﺎﻝ‬ signal, sign
eloquent ‫ﺷﻴﻮﺍ‘ ﮔﻮﻳﺎ‬ well-expressed, articulate inarticulate
extinction ‫ﻣﺮﮒ‘ ﺍﻧﻘﺮﺍﺽ‬ death survival
lure ‫ﺍﻏﻔﺎﻝ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ tempt, entice
refugee ‫ﺗﺒﻌﻴﺪﻱ‘ ﭘﻨﺎﻫﻨﺪﻩ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﻲ‬ person in exile
reschedule ‫ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ postpone bring forward
sewage ‫ﻓﺎﺿﻼﺏ‬ manure, dirt
smallpox ‫ﺁﺑﻠﻪ‬
speculate ‫ﺣﺪﺱ ﺯﺩﻥ‘ ﻓﮑﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ guess, think
struggle ‫ﺗﻘﻼ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﮐﻮﺷﻴﺪﻥ‬ make a great effort
tardiness ‫ﺗﺄﺧﻴﺮ‬ lateness, delay punctuality
troupe ‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ‘ ﺩﺳﺘﻪ‬ group, band
volunteer ‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺐ‬ unpaid helper
Lesson 16
accomplishment ‫ﻋﻤﻞ‘ ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯﻱ‬ deed, triumph
assess ‫ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ measure
career ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻩ ﺯﻧﺪﮔﻲ‬ livelihood
cattle ‫ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﻫﻠﻲ‬ domestic animals
certified ‫ﺭﺳﻤﻲ‬ formal informal
congestion ‫ﺍﻧﺴﺪﺍﺩ‘ ﺍﺯﺩﺣﺎﻡ‬ overcrowding, blocking emptiness
conscious ‫ﺁﮐﺎﻩ‬ aware unaware
displeasure ‫ﻧﺎﺧﺮﺳﻨﺪﻱ‬ unhappiness pleasure
disposal ‫ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺧﺘﻦ‬ throwing away retention
envelope ‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ‬ cover
hurricane ‫ﺗﻨﺪﺑﺎﺩ‬ tempest, tornado
impersonal ‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺳﺮﺩ ﻭ ﺭﺳﻤﻲ‬ cold, formal, unfriendly friendly
inadvertently ‫ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﻲ‬ accidentally purposely
indoor ‫ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ‬ interior outdoor
inevitable ‫ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﭘﻴﺸﮕﻴﺮﻱ‬ unavoidable avoidable
infraction (‫ﻧﻘﺾ )ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻥ‬ breaking (law)
pace ‫ﮔﺎﻡ‘ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ step, swiftness
pharmaceutical ‫ﺩﺍﺭﻭﺳﺎﺯﻱ‬
slavery ‫ﺑﺮﺩﻩﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬
unsettled ‫ﻧﺎ ﺃﺭﺍﻡ‬ disquiet soothed
19
Lesson 17
agitate disturb calm ☺
confidential secret unrestricted confide confidant ☺ confidentially
delighted elated unhappy delight delightful☺ delightfully
discreetly cautiously indiscreetly discreet ☺
documented proven unknown document documentation documentary☺
gradually steadily rapidly gradual ☺
influence affect ☺ influence influential
inordinate excessive moderate ☺ inordinately
instantly immediately instant instantaneous, ☺
instant
intentionally deliberately accidentally intention, intent intentional ☺
intrinsic inherent ☺ intrinsically
inundate overwhelm ☺ inundation
involve include exclude ☺ involvement involved
nominal moderate great ☺ nominally
presumably supposedly presume presumption presumable ☺
Lesson 18
absurd ridiculous reasonable absurdity ☺ absurdly
abuse misuse abuse ☺ abusive abusively
allocation distribution allocate ☺ allocated
balanced equalized balance balance ☺
conservation destruction conserve Conservationist,
preservation conservative,
conservatism☺
fallacious incorrect correct fallacy ☺ fallaciously
feasible possible impossible feasibility ☺ feasibly
lack shortage have lack ☺ lacking
limber flexible stiff ☺
means methods ☺
narrow thin wide narrowness ☺ narrowly
preconception bias impartiality preconceive ☺ preconceived
robust energetic weak robustness ☺ robustly
steady constant intermittent steady steadiness ☺ steadily
swift fast slow swiftness ☺ swiftly
20
Lesson 17
alleviate ‫ﺗﺴﻬﻴﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺳﺒﮏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ ease, lighten aggravate
ambition ‫ﺑﻠﻨﺪﭘﺮﻭﺍﺯﻱ‬ aspiration
cite ‫ﺫﮐﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ mention, refer to
commerce ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻲ‬ trade
decline ‫ﺍﻣﺘﻨﺎﻉ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ refuse accept
documentation ‫ﺳﻨﺪ‘ ﻣﺪﺭﮎ‬ certification, documents
foundation ‫ﻣﻮﺳﺴﻪ ﺧﻴﺮﻳﻪ‬ charity
impression ‫ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ‘ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﻩ‘ ﺍﺛﺮ‬ feeling, notion, effect
in order ‫ﻣﺮﺗﺐ‘ ﺩﺭﺳﺖ‬ tidy, correct untidy
ingot ‫ﺷﻤﺶ‬
intuitive ‫ﺷﻬﻮﺩﻱ‬ sensitive, insightful obtuse
inundated with reports ‫ﻏﺮﻕ ﺧﺒﺮ‬
left on their own ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﻣﺎﻥ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﻫﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬
nomination ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ‘ ﺍﻧﺘﺼﺎﺏ‬ proposal, appointment
panic ‫ﺳﺮﺍﺳﻴﻤﮕﻲ‘ ﻭﺣﺸﺘﺰﺩﮔﻲ‬ fright, horror calm
permissiveness ‫ﻣﺴﺎﻣﺤﻪ‬ liberalism
projective ‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﻲ ﺷﺪﻩ‬
ratification ‫ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺐ‘ ﺗﺄﻳﻴﺪ‬ confirmation, agreement
stimuli, stimulate ‫ﻣﺤﺮﮎ‘ ﺑﺮﺍﻧﮕﻴﺨﺘﻦ‬ arouse
suggestion ‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ‘ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ‘ ﻧﻈﺮﻳﻪ‬ proposal, hint, plan
underlie ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪ ﭼﻴﺰﻱ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ be the cause of
unduly ‫ﺑﻲﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ‘ ﺑﻲﺟﻬﺖ‬ excessively justifiably
vanity ‫ﺗﮑﺒﺮ‘ ﻏﺮﻭﺭ‬ pride humility
verbal ‫ﺷﻔﺎﻫﻲ‬ oral written
weaning ‫ﺍﺯ ﺷﻴﺮ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬
Lesson 18
assignment ‫ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ‘ ﺗﺨﺼﻴﺺ‬ appointment
beneath ‫ﺯﻳﺮ‬ below above
clamp ‫ﺑﻨﺪ ﺯﺩﻥ‬ fasten
conservative ‫ﺳﻨﺘﻲ‬ traditional avant-garde
contrary ‫ﻣﺨﺎﻟﻒ‘ ﻣﻌﮑﻮﺱ‬ opposing, reverse similar
convene ‫ﺗﺸﮑﻴﻞ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ call together
corruption ‫ﺗﺤﺮﻳﻒ‘ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺻﺪﺍﻗﺖ‬ dishonesty honesty
grave ‫ﻭﺧﻴﻢ‘ ﺧﻄﺒﺮ‬ serious, important minor
irate ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﺸﻤﮕﻴﻦ‬ very angry, furious calm
leather ‫ﭼﺮﻡ‬
legitimate ‫ﻗﺎﻧﻮﻧﻲ‘ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ‬ lawful, reasonable unlawful, unreasonable
misconception ‫ﺗﺼﻮﺭ ﻏﻠﻂ‬ fallacy, mistaken belief fact
momentarily ‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﺁﻧﻲ‘ ﻣﻮﻗﺘﻲ‬ for a moment, temporarily permanently
notion ‫ﻋﻘﻴﺪﻩ‬ idea
obligation ‫ﺗﻌﻬﺪ‬ responsibility
outcome ‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ‬ result, conclusion
plank ‫ﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭ‬ piece of wood
reliable ‫ﭘﺎﻳﺎ‬ steady unreliable
stalk ‫ﺳﺎﻗﻪ‬
straw ‫ﺣﺼﻴﺮ‬
strut ‫ﺑﺴﺖ‘ ﮔﻴﺮﻩ‬
21
Lesson 19
antiquated old-fashioned modern antique ☺
coherent logical, sticking illogical cohere coherence, cohesive☺ coherently
cohesion
together
develop evolve contract ☺ development, developing
developer
fabricate invent ☺ fabrication fabricated
investigation probe investigate investigator☺ investigative
normally typically rarely normalize normalization, normal ☺
norm
notice observe ☺ notice noticeable noticeably
notion concept ☺
novel original unoriginal ☺
opposition resistance friendliness oppose ☺ opposed
record register ☺ record, recorded
recording,
recorder
relate communicate ☺ relation, related
relationship
suspect speculate trust ☺ suspect, suspected
suspicion
unbiased objective partial ☺
varied similar vary variety, various, variably
diverse variation, variable☺
variant
Lesson 20
accentuate emphasize play down ☺ accentuation accentuated
disguise conceal reveal ☺ disguise disguised
finance ☺ finance, financial, financially
fund finances financed
initiate launch finish ☺ initiation, initiated
initiative
innovative innovator, ☺
creative innovation
narrate relate ☺ narrative, narrative
narration
nevertheless nonetheless
occasionally sometimes frequently occasion occasional ☺
omit neglect care for ☺ omission omitted
outlandish bizarre ordinary ☺ outlandishly
overcome conquer surrender ☺
partially somewhat completely part partial partly☺
pass approve ☺ passage passable
portray depict ☺ portrayal
submit propose ☺ submission
22
Lesson 19
abbreviation ‫ﺍﺧﺘﺼﺎﺭ‬ acronym, contraction
alibi ‫ﺩﻟﻴﻞ‬ reason
appendage ‫ﺿﻤﻴﻤﻪ‬ attachment
catastrophe ‫ﺑﻼ‬ disaster, calamity
clenched fist ‫ﻣﺸﺖ ﮔﺮﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻩ‬
compensate ‫ﺟﺒﺮﺍﻥ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬
fabricated ‫ﺩﺭﻭﻏﻴﻦ‬ untrue
hereditary ‫ﻣﻮﺭﻭﺛﻲ‬ inherited, genetic
implement ‫ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‘ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﻦ‬ apply
inanimate ‫ﺑﻲﺟﺎﻥ‬ lifeless, dead animate
intimate ‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ‘ ﺑﻨﻴﺎﺩﻱ‬
malfunction ‫ﺑﺪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ go wrong
marginal ‫ﺣﺎﺷﻴﻪﺍﻱ‘ ﺑﻲﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬ trivial, unimportant crucial
merger ‫ﺍﺩﻏﺎﻡ‘ ﻳﮑﭙﺎﺭﭼﮕﻲ‬ combination separation
oar ‫ﭘﺎﺭﻭ‬
primitive ‫ﺑﺪﻭﻱ‬ ancient, prehistoric modern
prospect ‫ﺩﻭﺭﻧﻤﺎ‘ ﭼﺸﻢﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯ‬ view, vision
sentiment ‫ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺱ‬ feeling, emotion
spawn ‫ﺗﺨﻢﺭﻳﺰﻱ‬ release eggs
treaty ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻫﺪﻩ‬ pact
tuition ‫ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺵ‘ ﺗﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬ teaching, training
unmanned ‫ﻏﻴﺮﻋﺎﺩﻱ‬
vertebrate ‫ﻣﻬﺮﻩﺩﺍﺭ‬
Lesson 20
amendment ‫ﺍﺻﻼﺡ‬ alteration, modification
application ‫ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ‬ request
appraisal ‫ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩ‬ evaluation, assessment
assertion ‫ﺍﺩﻋﺎ‬ declaration, claim denial
charter ‫ﻣﻨﺸﻮﺭ‘ ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ license
competence ‫ﺗﺒﺤﺮ‘ ﺻﻼﺣﻴﺖ‬ skill, ability inability
craze ‫ﺷﻮﺭ ﻭ ﺷﻮﻕ‬ enthusiasm apathy
disguise ‫ﻟﺒﺎﺱ ﻣﺒﺪﻝ‬ costume
dissect ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺒﺪ ﺷﮑﺎﻓﻲ‘ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬
documentary ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪ‬ documented
festive (‫ﺷﺎﺩ )ﺟﺸﻦ‬ happy, jolly sad
fuse ‫ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺐ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ combine
inadvertently ‫ﺑﺎ ﺑﻲﺩﻗﺘﻲ‘ ﺗﺼﺎﺩﻓﻲ‬ accidentally, carelessly purposely
initiative ‫ﺍﺑﺘﮑﺎﺭ‬ inventiveness, ingenuity
mutual ‫ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ‬
omission ‫ﺍﺯ ﻗﻠﻢ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻥ‬ non-inclusion inclusion
orphan ‫ﻳﺘﻴﻢ‬
pharynx ‫ﺣﻠﻖ‬
pop ‫ﻏﻔﻠﺘ ﹰﺎ ﻃﺮﺡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬
prank ‫ﺷﻮﺧﻲ‘ ﻓﺮﻳﺐ‬ joke, trick
preference ‫ﺭﺣﺠﺎﻥ‘ ﻣﻴﻞ‘ ﺳﻠﻴﻘﻪ‬ favorite, partiality indifference
proficient ‫ﻣﺎﻫﺮ‬ skilful, expert incompetent
provincial ‫ﻣﺤﻠﻲ‬ local central
rebellious ‫ﻳﺎﻏﻲ‬ disobedient, unruly loyal
resent ‫ﺭﻧﺠﻴﺪﻥ‬
resolution ‫ﻗﻄﻌﻨﺎﻣﻪ‬ declaration
seize ‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ capture, take
showmanship ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺕ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ‬
throat ‫ﮔﻠﻮ‬
unanimously ‫ﺑﻪ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺁﺭﺍﺀ‬
virtue ‫ﻫﻨﺮ‘ ﺣﺴﻦ‬ goodness wickedness
voluntary ‫ﺩﺍﻭﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ‬ intended involuntary
23
Lesson 21
decline decrease, increase, ☺ decline
accept
refuse
gather collect disperse ☺ gathering
* movement stillness ☺
motion
partisan biased unbiased ☺
pattern habit pattern ☺ patterned
phenomena events phenomenon☺ phenomenal phenomenally
philanthropic humanitarian nasty philanthropy philanthropist ☺
placid clam agitated ☺ placidly
plentiful abundant scarce plenty ☺ plentifully
reaction response react ☺ reactive, reactively
reactionary
rhythm pulse rhythmic rhythmically
scenic picturesque scenery, scene ☺ scenically
shallow superficial deep shallowness ☺ shallowly
sheltered protected shelter shelter ☺
vanishing disappearing increasing vanish ☺
Lesson 22
account account accounting, accountable
story
accountant☺
archaic ancient modern ☺
hasten accelerate slow down ☺ hastiness hasty hastily
hue color ☺
illustration illustrate illustrator☺ illustrated,
picture illustrative
inactive idle active inaction, ☺
inactivity
intricate complex simple intricacy ☺ intricately
magnitude dimension magnify magnification☺ magnificent magnificently
oblige ☺ obligation obliging, obligingly
require request
obligatory
overlook disregard keep in mind ☺ overlooked
poll polling,
survey
pollster☺
position location ☺
practical functional impractical practicality practicable☺ practically
predominant predominate, ☺ predominantly
principal minor
predominance
prompt induce late, slow ☺ promptness promptly
* the state of changing one's position, to direct by moving
24
Lesson 21
abound ‫ﻓﺮﺍﻭﺍﻥ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ be plentiful
argue ‫ﺑﺤﺚ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‬ reason
armor ‫ﭘﻮﺷﺶ ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ‬ protective covering
ballpark ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ‬ approximate exact
bladder ‫ﺁﺑﺪﺍﻥ‘ ﻣﺜﺎﻧﻪ‬
blaze ‫ﺳﻮﺯﺍﻧﺪﻥ‬ burn
comprise ‫ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ include exclude
conjuring ‫ﺷﻌﺒﺪﻩﺑﺎﺯﻱ‬ sleight of hand
crevice ‫ﺷﮑﺎﻑ‬ gap, crack
distract ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺮﻑ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ sidetrack, divert
endowment ‫ﻭﻗﻒ‬ donation, gift
estuary ‫ﻣﺼﺐ ﺭﻭﺩﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬
heartbeat ‫ﺿﺮﺑﺎﻥ ﻗﻠﺐ‬
hemisphere ‫ﻧﻴﻤﻜﺮﻩ‬
heritage ‫ﻣﻴﺮﺍﺙ‬ inheritance, tradition
honeybee ‫ﺯﻧﺒﻮﺭ ﻋﺴﻞ‬
impressive ‫ﺧﺎﺭﻕﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻩ‘ ﺟﺬﺍﺏ‬ imposing unimpressive
inhale (‫ﺩﻡ )ﺩﺭ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺗﻨﻔﺲ‬ breathe in exhale
interview ‫ﻣﺼﺎﺣﺒﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ talk to
irritation ‫ﺣﺴﺎﺳﻴﺖ‬
jaw ‫ﺁﺭﻭﺍﺭﻩ‬ chin, jawbone
lichen ‫ﮔﻞ ﺳﻨﮓ‬
lung ‫ﺷﺶ‬
monarch ‫ﻣﻠﮑﻪ‘ ﭘﺎﺩﺷﺎﻩ‬ queen, king
nest ‫ﻻﻧﻪ‬ shield
nodule ‫ﮔﺮﻩ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‘ ﻏﺪﻩ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ‬
nutrient ‫ﻣﻐﺬﻱ‬
offering
pension ‫ﺣﻘﻮﻕ ﺑﺎﺯﻧﺸﺴﺘﮕﻲ‬ retirement fund
pollen ‫ﮔﺮﺩﻩ‬
predatory ‫ﺩﺭﻧﺪﻩ‬
recreational ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺤﻲ‬ entertaining
respiratory tract ‫ﺩﺳﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺗﻨﻔﺴﻲ‬
retired ‫ﺑﺎﺯﻧﺸﺴﺘﻪ‬
rural ‫ﺣﻮﻣﻪ ﺷﻬﺮ‬ country, rustic urban
set aside ‫ﺣﻔﻆ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ save, reserve use up
sleight of hand ‫ﺗﺮﺩﺳﺘﻲ‬ trickery, conjuring
slender ‫ﺑﺎﺭﻳﮏ ﻭ ﻻﻏﺮ‬ slim fat
squirrel ‫ﺳﻨﺠﺎﺏ‘ ﻣﺎﻝﺍﻧﺪﻭﺯ‬ accumulator
stick down ‫ﺑﺴﺘﻦ‘ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ close, stop open
summit ‫ﻗﻠﻪ‬ zenith, apex nadir
toxin ‫ﺳﻢ‬ poison
vascular ‫ﺁﻭﻧﺪﻱ‘ ﻋﺮﻭﻗﻲ‬
vinegar ‫ﺳﺮﮐﻪ‬
widespread ‫ﺭﺍﻳﺞ‘ ﮔﺴﺘﺮﺩﻩ‬ extensive, prevalent limited
25
Lesson 22
acquire ‫ﺑﺪﺳﺖ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‬ obtain lose
align ‫ﺑﻪ ﺻﻒ ﺩﺭﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‘ ﺭﺩﻳﻒ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ arrange in a line
altar ‫ﻣﺬﺑﺢ‘ ﻗﺮﺑﺎﻧﮕﺎﻩ‬
ambitious ‫ﺟﺎﻩﻃﻠﺒﺎﻧﻪ‬ grand, impressive unimpressive
brazen ‫ﺑﻲﺷﺮﻡ‘ ﺟﺴﻮﺭ‬ shameless, bold discreet
bud ‫ﻏﻨﭽﻪ‬ blossom, flower
clerical ‫ﺩﻓﺘﺮﻱ‬ office
confine ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ restrict, limit
contempt ‫ﺍﻫﺎﻧﺖ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ scorn admire
convenient ‫ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺐ‬ suitable inconvenient
convention ‘‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺩ‬ pact, resolution
curtail ‫ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ limit extend
earthquake ‫ﺯﻣﻴﻦﻟﺮﺯﻩ‬
emotional ‫ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺳﻲ‬ sensitive
endure ‫ﺩﻭﺍﻡ ﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‬ last
exploitation ‫ﺑﻬﺮﻩﺑﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ‘ ﺳﻮﺀ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‬ utilization, misuse
firm ‫ﺷﺮﻛﺖ‬ company
flourish ‫ﺭﺷﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ thrive, grow deteriorate
foster ‫ﺗﺮﻭﻳﺞ ﻭ ﺗﺮﻏﻴﺐ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ promote, encourage discourage
frontier ‫ﻣﺮﺯ‬ border
glory ‫ﺷﮑﻮﻩ‬ grandeur
handicap ‫ﻧﻘﺺ‘ ﻧﺎﺭﺳﺎﻳﻲ‬
Hispanic ‫ﺍﺳﭙﺎﻧﻴﺎﻳﻲ‬
intellectual ‫ﻣﺘﻔﮑﺮ‘ ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻲ‬ thinker, logical
mammal ‫ﭘﺴﺘﺎﻧﺪﺍﺭ‬
mystify ‫ﮔﻴﺞ ﻭ ﻣﺒﻬﻮﺕ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ bewilder, baffle
navigation ‫ﻣﺴﻴﺮﻳﺎﺑﻲ‬ direction-finding
notify ‫ﺍﻃﻼﻉ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ give notice
obligatory ‫ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬ required, requisite voluntary
pesticide ‫ﺃﻓﺖﻛﺶ‬ insect killer
plea ‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ‬ petition, request
pollster ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺳﻨﺞ‘ ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬ researcher
promptness ‫ﻭﻗﺖﺷﻨﺎﺳﻲ‘ ﺳﺮﻋﺖ‬ speed slowness
pursuit ‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖ‬ activity
questionnaire ‫ﻧﻈﺮﺳﻨﺠﻲ‘ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ‬ survey, opinion poll
raise ‫ﺑﺎﻻ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺍﻓﺰﺍﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ elevate, increase drop, lower
raucous ‫ﺧﺸﻦ‬ rough, wild soft
reckoning ‫ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ‘ ﺗﺨﻤﻴﻦ‬ calculation, estimate
require ‫ﻣﺠﺒﻮﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ oblige, compel
retain ‫ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ employ
rude ‫ﺑﻲﺍﺩﺏ‬ impolite polite
script ‫ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ‬ writing
seal ‫ﻣﻬﺮ ﻭ ﻣﻮﻡ‬
signify ‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ indicate, show
steer ‫ﻣﺎﻧﻮﺭ‘ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤﺎﻳﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ maneuver, guide
survey ‫ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ review, investigation
temple ‫ﻣﻌﺒﺪ‬ place of worship, sanctuary
theme ‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ‬ subject, topic
vase ‫ﮔﻠﺪﺍﻥ‬ bud vase
wealth ‫ﺛﺮﻭﺕ‬ riches poverty
26
Lesson 23
analogous similar to different analogy ☺
approximately around exactly approximate approximation approximate ☺
compel oblige ☺ compelling compellingly
formidable overwhelming ☺ formidably
intrusive annoying intrude intrusion, ☺ intrusively
intruder
periodically sometimes frequently periodical periodic, ☺
periodical
prone inclined to ☺
prophetic prophesy prophecy, ☺ prophetically
predictive
prophet
proportions dimensions ☺ proportional, proportionally,
proportionate proportionately
readily freely reluctantly ready readiness ready ☺
reliably dependably unreliably rely reliability, reliable, ☺
reliance reliant
reluctantly hesitatingly willingly reluctance reluctant ☺
renown prominence ☺ renowned
sacrifice concession ☺ sacrifice sacrificial
triumph failure triumph ☺ triumphant, triumphantly
achievement
triumphal
Lesson 24
affordable economical prohibitive afford ☺ affordably
contaminated pollute pure contaminate contamination ☺
discernible detectable discern discernment ☺ discernibly
flourishing thriving flourish ☺
maintain preserve destroy ☺ maintenance
mediocre average excellent mediocrity ☺
negligible insignificant significant neglect neglect, neglected, negligibly
negligence neglectful,
negligent ☺
parallel similar dissimilar parallel ☺
peculiar strange normal peculiarity ☺ peculiarly
potent powerful weak ☺
remarkable exceptional ordinary ☺ remarkably
scattered dispersed scatter ☺
solid steady solidify solidification ☺ solidly
somewhat slight ☺
tedious monotonous interesting tedium ☺ tediously
27
Lesson 23
alliance ‫ﺍﻋﺘﻤﺎﺩ‘ ﺗﻮﺍﻓﻖ‘ ﻣﻌﺎﻫﺪﻩ‬ agreement, treaty
appliance ‫ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪ‘ ﺍﺑﺰﺍﺭ‬ machine
binding ‫ﻻﺯﻡ‘ ﺍﺟﺒﺎﺭﻱ‬ necessary, obligatory voluntary
buoy ‫ﺷﻨﺎﻭﺭ‬ float
ceremonially ‫ﺁﻳﻴﻨﻲ‬
deploy ‫ﺻﻒﺃﺭﺍﻳﻲ‬ arrange
extravagant ‫ﻧﺎﻣﻌﻘﻮﻝ‬ exaggerated restrained
fraud ‫ﻛﻼﻫﺒﺮﺩﺍﺭﻱ‬ deception
fulfill ‫ﺑﺮﺁﻭﺭﺩﻩ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ satisfy
girth ‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂ‘ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﮐﻤﺮ‬ thickness, breadth length
mermaid ‫ﭘﺮﻱ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬
mortal ‫ﻓﺎﻧﻲ‘ ﻣﺮﺩﻧﻲ‬ deadly, earthly immortal
moss ‫ﺧﺰﻩ‬
offend ‫ﺁﺯﺭﺩﻥ‬ hurt somebody's feelings
omen ‫ﻓﺎﻝ‘ ﻧﺸﺎﻧﻪ‬ sign, prophecy
ornately ‫ﺁﺭﺍﺳﺘﻪ‬ handsomely
readiness ‫ﺁﻣﺎﺩﮔﻲ‬
scale ‫ﻓﻠﺲ‘ ﭘﻮﻟﮏ‬
sprite ‫ﺟﻦ‘ ﭘﺮﻱ‬
truce ‫ﺁﺗﺶﺑﺲ‬ ceasefire, peace
trunk ‫ﺗﻨﻪ‬
undertake ‫ﺗﻌﻬﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ accept relinquish
voyage ‫ﺳﻔﺮ‬ journey, trip
Lesson 24
afford ‫ﺍﺯ ﻋﻬﺪﻩ ﺑﺮﺁﻣﺪﻥ‬
anxiety ‫ﻧﮕﺮﺍﻧﻲ‬ nervousness reassurance
ascertain ‫ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ determine, find out
beast ‫ﭼﻬﺎﺭﭘﺎ‘ ﺣﻴﻮﺍﻥ‬ animal
belt ‫ﻛﻤﺮﺑﻨﺪ‬
burden ‫ﺑﺎﺭ‬ load
clawed ‫ﭘﻨﺠﻪ‬
coral snake ‫ﻣﺮﺟﺎﻥ ﻣﺎﺭ‬
culture ‫ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﮐﺸﺖ‬
debris ‫ﺁﺷﻐﺎﻝ‘ ﻧﺨﺎﻟﻪ‬ rubbish, waste
delirious ‫ﻫﻴﺠﺎﻥ ﺯﺩﻩ‬ excited
disappointing ‫ﻣﺄﻳﻮﺱﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬ unsatisfactory satisfactory
dromedary ‫ﺷﺘﺮ ﻛﻮﻫﺎﻥﺩﺍﺭ‬
equator ‫ﺧﻂ ﺍﺳﺘﻮﺍ‬
frustrate ‫ﻧﺎﻛﺎﻡ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ‬
genus ‫ﻧﻮﻉ‘ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ‬ type, kind
horn ‫ﺷﺎﺥ‬
hump ‫ﮐﻮﻫﺎﻥ‬
integrity ‫ﺩﺭﺳﺘﻲ‘ ﺑﻲﻋﻴﺒﻲ‬ honesty dishonesty
interest ‫ﺑﻬﺮﻩ‬ benefit
peculiar ‫ﻣﻨﺤﺼﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺮﺩ‬ special universal
renovate ‫ﺗﺠﺪﻳﺪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ restore, remodel
ruminant ‫ﻧﺸﺨﻮﺍﺭ ﮐﻨﻨﺪﻩ‬
salmon ‫ﻣﺎﻫﻲ ﺁﺯﺍﺩ‬
sluggish ‫ﮐﻨﺪ‬ slow-moving
snout ‫ﭘﻮﺯﻩ‬ nose
sparse ‫ﭘﺮﺍﮐﻨﺪﻩ‬ thin dense
throng ‫ﺍﺯﺩﺣﺎﻡ‬ multitude, swarm few
trek ‫ﺳﻔﺮ ﺩﻭﺭ ﻭ ﺩﺭﺍﺯ‬ journey
venom ‫ﺳﻢ‬ poison, toxin antidote
wage ‫ﺩﺳﺘﻤﺰﺩ‬ salary
28
Lesson 25
briefly concisely at length brevity brief ☺
circulate distribute ☺ circulation circulatory
consistently dependably inconsistently consist consistency consistent ☺
exhibit display conceal ☺ exhibit,
exhibition,
exhibitor
found establish ☺ foundation,
founder
improperly inappropriately properly impropriety improper ☺
infrequently rarely frequently infrequency infrequent ☺
impulsively deliberately impulse, impulsive ☺
capriciously
impulsiveness
isolated secluded nearby isolate isolation ☺
overtly openly covertly overt ☺
profoundly significantly insignificantly profundity profound ☺
sharply quickly slowly sharpen sharpness sharp ☺
situated located situate situation ☺
subsequently afterwards subsequent ☺
unmistakable indispensable debatable ☺ unmistakably
Lesson 26
chaotic disorganized organized chaos ☺
characteristic typical uncharacteristic characterize Characteristic, ☺ characteristically
characterization
controversial debatable indisputable controversy ☺ controversially
exemplify symbolize ☺ exemplary
gratifying disappointing gratify gratification, ☺ gratefully
satisfying gratefulness
interpret clarify confuse ☺ interpreter,
interpretation,
interpreting
launch initiate finish ☺ launch,
launching
legitimate authentic unlawful legitimacy ☺ legitimately
particular specific vague ☺ particularly
radiant radiance, ☺ radiantly
bright dull radiation,
radiator
ridge crest ☺
span cover ☺ span
spontaneous instinctive spontaneity ☺ spontaneously
stream river stream ☺
striking remarkable ordinary ☺ strikingly
29
Lesson 25
acquaintance ‫ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ‬ familiarity, friendship ignorance
assimilate ‫ﻫﻤﮕﻮﻥ ﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ adjust, fit in
astrology ‫ﻃﺎﻟﻊﺑﻴﻨﻲ‬
bat ‫ﺧﻔﺎﺵ‬
cedar wood ‫ﺳﺮﻭ‬
colossal ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢﺍﻟﺠﺜﻪ‬ gigantic tiny
concerning ‫ﺭﺍﺟﻊ ﺑﻪ‬ relating to, about
contend ‫ﻣﻌﺘﻘﺪ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ assert, declare
crown ‫ﺗﺎﺝ‬
eclipses ‫ﮐﺴﻮﻑ‬ outshine
engage ‫ﺟﻠﺐ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ absorb
erect ‫ﺑﺮﭘﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ build, create
extinct ‫ﻣﻨﻘﺮﺽ ﺷﺪﻩ‬ died out living
fleeting ‫ﺳﺮﻳﻊ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺭﺍ‬ transitory permanent
frog ‫ﻭﺯﻍ‬
fund ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪ‬ finance
indisputable ‫ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺑﺤﺚ‬ unmistakable debatable
lingua franca ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ ﻣﻴﺎﻧﺠﻲ‬
malicious ‫ﺑﺪﺧﻮﺍﻩ‬ malevolent kind, benevolent
monologue ‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺗﮏﻧﻔﺮﻩ‬ soliloquy
outlying ‫ﭘﺮﺕ‘ ﺩﻭﺭ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺮﮐﺰ‬ remote
outstanding ‫ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ‬ exceptional abysmal
pidgin ‫ﺩﺳﺖ ﻭ ﭘﺎ ﺷﮑﺴﺘﻪ‬
presumed ‫ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ‘ ﻓﺮﺿﻲ‬ supposed
proclaiming ‫ﺑﻴﺎﻧﻴﻪ‬ announcement
provided for ‫ﻣﺸﺮﻭﻁ ﺑﺮ ﺁﻧﮑﻪ‬
recognition ‫ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻖ‬ credit
resort ‫ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺤﮕﺎﻩ‘ ﭘﺎﺗﻮﻕ‘ ﭼﺎﺭﻩ‬ remedy
satirical ‫ﻫﺠﻮ‘ ﻣﺴﺨﺮﻩ‬ mocking, humorous
societal ‫ﺟﻤﻌﻲ‬ group, public
soliloquy ‫ﺗﮏﮔﻮﻳﻲ‬ monologue
timber ‫ﭼﻮﺏ‘ ﺗﻴﺮ‬ wood
tongue ‫ﺯﺑﺎﻥ‬ language
torch ‫ﻣﺸﻌﻞ‬
Lesson 26
accomplishment ‫ﺍﺗﻤﺎﻡ‘ ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩ‬ finishing, achievement
bald ‫ﻃﺎﺱ‬ hairless
bankruptcy ‫ﻭﺭﺷﻜﺴﺘﮕﻲ‬ economic failure
belong ‫ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬
captivate ‫ﻣﺠﺬﻭﺏ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ charm
civic ‫ﺷﻬﺮﻱ‘ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬ civil, public private
diligent ‫ﻛﻮﺷﺎ‘ ﺳﺎﻋﻲ‬ hard-working lazy
ethnic ‫ﻗﻮﻣﻲ‘ ﻧﮋﺍﺩﻱ‬ tribal, racial
exemplary ‫ﺳﺮﻣﺸﻖ‘ ﺍﻟﮕﻮ‬ model, representative
flavor ‫ﻃﻌﻢ‬ taste
intellectualization ‫ﻋﻘﻼﻧﻲ‬ brain power emotion
itinerant ‫ﺳﻴﺎﺭ‘ ﺩﺭ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺭ‬ traveling
mount ‫ﺑﺎﻻ ﺭﻓﺘﻦ‬ climb, ascend descend
obscure ‫ﻣﺒﻬﻢ‘ ﻧﺎﻣﻌﻠﻮﻡ‬ vague obvious
prolific ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﺗﺄﻟﻴﻔﺎﺕ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ‘ ﻣﻮﻟﺪ‬ productive unproductive
quarry ‫ﺍﺯ ﻣﻌﺪﻥ ﮐﻨﺪﻥ‬ mine, extract
relief ‫ﺗﺴﮑﻴﻦ‘ ﻧﻘﺶ ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ‬
trucking ‫ﻣﺒﺎﺩﻟﻪ‬
30
Lesson 27
aptly appropriately inappropriately aptness apt ☺
involuntarily automatically willingly involuntary ☺
demonstration display concealment demonstrate ☺ demonstrative, demonstrably
demonstrable
ingredients elements ☺
marvel wonder ☺ marvelous marvelously
measurable assessable indeterminate measure measurement ☺ measurably
moderate medium, to moderate moderation ☺ moderately
reduce
odd strange ordinary oddity ☺ oddly
reflection image reflect ☺ reflected
supposedly presumably actually suppose supposition supposed ☺
sustained consistent temporary sustain sustenance ☺
symbols marks symbolize ☺ symbolic symbolically
synthesis combination synthesize ☺ synthetic synthetically
tangible concrete intangible tangibility ☺ tangibly
tightly firmly loosely tighten tightness tight ☺
Lesson 28
aggravating irritating soothing aggravate aggravation ☺
amusement diversion amuse ☺ amusing amusingly
conceivably possibly unimaginably conceive conceivable ☺
convert alter ☺ conversion convertible
curative healing injurious cure ☺
debilitating weakening growing debilitate debility ☺
deplete consume ☺ depletion depleted
finite limited infinite ☺
perceive ☺ perception perceptive, perceptively,
observe perceivable perceivably
security safety danger secure ☺ secure securely
toxic poisonous harmless toxicity ☺
tranquility peacefulness uproar tranquilize ☺ tranquil tranquilly
trap retain release ☺ trap trapped
undeniably absolutely undeniable ☺
underestimated miscalculated overestimated underestimate ☺
31
Lesson 27
commentary ‫ﺭﺳﺎﻟﻪ‘ ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ‬ essay, analysis
conquest ‫ﭘﻴﺮﻭﺯﻱ‬ victory defeat
contemplation ‫ﺍﻧﺪﻳﺸﻪ‘ ﺗﻔﮑﺮ‬ thought
defeat ‫ﺷﮑﺴﺖ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ‬ overcome lose
deity ‫ﺑﺖ‬ idol
deprive ‫ﻣﺤﺮﻭﻡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ provide
dirigible ‫ﺳﻔﻴﻨﻪ ﻓﻀﺎﻳﻲ‬ airship
dissertation ‫ﺭﺳﺎﻟﻪ‬ thesis, essay
embody ‫ﺍﺑﺮﺍﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ represent, exemplify
essay ‫ﻣﻘﺎﻟﻪ‬ dissertation
hearsay ‫ﺷﺎﻳﻌﻪ‬ rumour, gossip fact
imitation ‫ﺗﻘﻠﻴﺪ‬
inscription ‫ﻛﺘﻴﺒﻪ‬ writing
lobe ‫ﭘﺮﻩ‘ ﺗﮑﻪ‬
locust ‫ﻣﻠﺦ‬
mercilessly ‫ﺻﺒﻌﺎﻧﻪ‬ cruelly kindly
mighty ‫ﻗﺪﺭﺗﻤﻨﺪ‬ powerful weak
overthrow ‫ﻣﻀﻤﺤﻞ ﺷﺪﻥ‬ remove from power
prey ‫ﺻﻴﺪ‬ victim
punctuation ‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ‬
rebel ‫ﻃﻐﻴﺎﻥ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ go up against
relief ‫ﺁﺳﻮﺩﮔﻲ‘ ﺭﻫﺎﻳﻲ‬ release
scanty ‫ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﮐﻢ‬ very little abundant
sculpture ‫ﻣﺠﺴﻤﻪ‬ statue
snap ‫ﻧﺎﮔﻬﺎﻧﻲ‬ sudden considered
speculative ‫ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺒﻲ‬ approximate definite
supposition ‫ﮔﻤﺎﻥ‬ guess
sustain ‫ﺗﺤﻤﻞ ﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬ suffer
thresh ‫ﺍﺯ ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﺩﺭﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ‘ ﮐﻮﺑﻴﺪﻥ‬
yardstick ‫ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭ‬ measure
Lesson 28
bristle ‫ﻣﻮ‘ ﭘﺮﺯ‬ hair
chronic ‫ﺛﺎﺑﺖ‘ ﺑﻲﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ‬ constant, unceasing acute
conducive ‫ﻣﻄﻠﻮﺏ‬ favorable
conservationist ‫ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻆ‬ environmentalist
coral reef ‫ﺻﺨﺮﻩ ﻣﺮﺟﺎﻧﻲ‬
credit ‫ﺗﺸﻮﻳﻖ‘ ﺗﺤﺴﻴﻦ‬ praise, acclaim blame
debility ‫ﺿﻌﻒ‬ weakness strength
dump ‫ﻣﺤﻞ ﺩﻓﻦ ﺯﺑﺎﻟﻪ‬ waste disposal site
dynasty ‫ﺍﻣﭙﺮﺍﻃﻮﺭﻱ‬ reign, empire
embed ‫ﻓﺮﻭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ insert
facade ‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮ‘ ﻧﻤﺎ‬
freight ‫ﻣﺤﻤﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﺠﺎﺭﻱ‬ shipment, goods
inconclusive ‫ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﺑﺮﺍﻧﮕﻴﺰ‬ questionable conclusive
incubation ‫ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻛﺸﻲ‘ ﻧﻬﻔﺘﮕﻲ‘ ﺗﮑﻮﻳﻦ‬
infection ‫ﻋﻔﻮﻧﺖ‘ ﺁﻟﻮﺩﮔﻲ‬ contamination
mild ‫ﻣﻼﻳﻢ‬ soft harsh
mold ‫ﻛﭙﮏ‬
ostensible ‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻱ‘ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ‬ superficial, apparent real
porpoise ‫ﮔﺮﺍﺯ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻳﻲ‬
priest ‫ﻛﺸﻴﺶ‘ ﺭﻭﺣﺎﻧﻲ‬ clergy
scholar ‫ﻣﺤﻘﻖ‬ researcher
sore throat ‫ﮔﻠﻮ ﺩﺭﺩ‬
successive ‫ﻣﺘﻮﺍﻟﻲ‬ following
tender ‫ﺩﺭﺩﻧﺎﮎ‬ painful
32
Lesson 29
acknowledge recognize deny ☺ acknowledgment acknowledge
acquire attain lose ☺ acquisition acquisitive
assimilate incorporate ☺ assimilation
assortment selection ☺ assorted
caliber quality ☺
condensed summarize full condense ☺
contradictory inconsistent consistent contradict contradiction ☺
disregard ignore heed ☺ disregard
precious cherished worthless ☺
prominent renowned unknown prominence ☺ prominently
requisite demanded require, requirement, ☺
requisition requisition
unravel separate ☺ unraveling
vague unclear clear vagueness ☺ vaguely
vast huge small ☺ vastly
volume quantity ☺ voluminous voluminously
Lesson 30
charisma appeal ☺ charismatic
clever astute stupid cleverness ☺ cleverly
convince persuade ☺ convincing convincingly
endure persevere ☺ endurance endurable,
enduring
forfeit relinquish continue ☺ forfeit
precarious hazardous safe ☺ precariously
severe intense gentle severity ☺ severely
sporadic erratic regular ☺ sporadically
superior exceptional inferior superiority ☺
wanton senseless ☺ wantonly
weak ineffective strong weaken weakness ☺ weakly
widespread extensive limited ☺
wisdom insight foolishness ☺ wise wisely
witticism humor wit, wittiness☺ witty wittily
woo attract repel ☺
33
Lesson 29
acquisition ‫ﺩﺳﺘﺎﻭﺭﺩ‬ gaining loss
aspiration ‫ﺁﺭﺯﻭ‬ hope
assorted ‫ﺟﻮﺭ ﻭﺍﺟﻮﺭ‬ various
attribute ‫ﻣﺸﺨﺼﻪ‬ characteristic
bind ‫ﻭﺍﺩﺍﺭ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ oblige
breed ‫ﺯﺍﺩ ﻭ ﻭﻟﺪ‬ reproduce die off
concede ‫ﺍﻋﻄﺎ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﻭﺍﮔﺬﻟﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ grant, give up
consciousness ‫ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬ awareness unconsciousness
craft ‫ﺣﺮﻓﻪ‘ ﭘﻴﺸﻪ‬ expertise, skill
discount ‫ﺗﺨﻔﻴﻒ‬ reduction, money off
draft ‫ﻃﺮﺡ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ outline, sketch out
inventory ‫ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩﻱ‬ list, record
merchant ‫ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻥ‬ trader
monetary ‫ﭘﻮﻟﻲ‬ financial
possession ‫ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻳﻲ‘ ﻣﺎﻟﮑﻴﺖ‬ ownership
pronounced ‫ﺑﺮﺟﺴﺘﻪ‘ ﺁﺷﮑﺎﺭ‬ distinct, marked
prudent ‫ﻣﺤﺘﺎﻁ‘ ﺑﺎ ﺩﻗﺖ‬ careful, cautious reckless
refuge ‫ﭘﻨﺎﻫﮕﺎﻩ‬ shelter, sanctuary
reign ‫ﺳﻠﻄﻨﺖ‬ rule, empire
reside ‫ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ‬ be located in
ritualistic ‫ﺁﻳﻴﻨﻲ‬ ceremonial
rug ‫ﻗﺎﻟﻴﭽﻪ‬ carpet
sentimental ‫ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺳﻲ‬ emotional
subordinate ‫ﺗﺎﺑﻊ‬ secondary main
trespass ‫ﺗﺨﻠﻒ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‘ ﺗﺠﺎﻭﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ intrude
tuck away ‫ﺗﻮ ﮔﺬﺍﺷﺘﻦ‘ ﺳﺎﺳﻮﻥ‬ put in, place
Lesson 30
ally ‫ﺩﻭﺳﺖ‘ ﻫﻢﭘﻴﻤﺎﻥ‬ friend enemy
contingent ‫ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ‘ ﻣﺤﺘﻤﻞ‬ dependent, conditional
decree ‫ﺣﮑﻢ‘ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ‬ law, declaration
erosion ‫ﻓﺮﺳﺎﻳﺶ‬ wearing down
fine ‫ﺟﺮﻳﻤﻪ‬ punishment, penalty
intimacy ‫ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮑﻲ‘ ﺁﺷﻨﺎﻳﻲ‬ closeness, familiarity
matriarchal ‫ﻣﺎﺩﺭﺳﺎﻻﺭ‬
omnipresence ‫ﺟﻬﺎﻧﻲ‘ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ‬ universal
outspoken ‫ﺭﮎ‬ frank tactful
proprietor ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯ‬ property owner
propulsion ‫ﺭﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ‬ forward motion
raid ‫ﺗﻬﺎﺟﻢ‬ attack, invasion
rigorous ‫ﺳﺨﺖ‘ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ‬ hard, exact
shrewd ‫ﺯﻳﺮﮎ‬ astute, clever naive
soundness ‫ﺻﺤﺖ‬ accuracy
stem ‫ﻧﺎﺷﻲ ﺷﺪﻥ‬
surveillance ‫ﻧﻈﺎﺭﺕ‬ observation
tabloid ‫ﺭﻭﺯﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻣﺼﻮﺭ‬
tentacle ‫ﺷﺎﺧﮏ ﺣﺴﺎﺱ‬
transaction ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻣﻠﻪ‬ business
waver ‫ﺩﻭﺩﻝ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ‬ hesitate
34
‫‪English Grammar‬‬
‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ )‪(Present Simple‬‬

‫‪1- I drive a bus.‬‬
‫‪I/we/you/they do‬‬
‫‪2- She looks after patients.‬‬
‫‪He/she/it‬‬ ‫‪does‬‬
‫?‪3- What do you do‬‬
‫‪ ‐١‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﭼﻴﺰﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﮑﺮﺭ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻲﺍﻓﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪I do‬‬
‫‪The earth goes around the sun.‬‬
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬
‫‪ ‐٢‬ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﮕﻲ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﮐﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪I get up at 6 o’clock every morning.‬‬
‫‪ ‐٣‬ﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﺍﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻳﮏ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﮐﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪I promise/ I apologize/ I advise/ I insist/ I agree/ I refuse … etc‬‬
‫‪ ‐٤‬ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪John isn’t lazy. He works hard most of the time.‬‬
‫‪ ‐٥‬ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﮐﻪ "‪ "think‬ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻱ ﻓﮑﺮ ﻭ ﻋﻘﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪I think Mary is Canadian, but I’m not sure.‬‬
‫‪ ‐٦‬ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ ‪ See, hear, smell, taste‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ )ﻭ ﻧﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ( ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﻳﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ‪ can.‬ﻫﻢ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻳﮏ ﺷﺨﺺ ﭼﮕﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ )‪ (look‬ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﭼﻪ ﺍﺣﺴﺎﺳﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ )‪ (feel‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬
‫)‪Do you see that man over there? (not Are you seeing‬‬
‫?‪I can hear a strange noise. Can you hear it‬‬
‫‪You look well today. Or You’re looking well today.‬‬
‫‪1‬‬
English Grammar
(Present Continuous) ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬

1- I am trying to work
Am/is/are + ---ing 2- She is driving to work
3- Are you enjoying the party?
.‫ ﻣﺎ ﮐﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﮐﺮﺩﻩﺍﻳﻢ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫‐ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻳﮏ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻫﺴﺘﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‬١
Kate wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian.
I am doing
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ ‫ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ‬
.‫ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺮﺩ‬...‫ ﻭ‬today/this week/ this year ‫‐ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎ‬٢
You are working hard today. (not You work hard today.)
:‫‐ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺗﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻧﺰﺩﻳﮏ ﺑﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺭﺥ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﻳﻢ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺼﻮﺹ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ‬٣
get, change, become, increase, rise, fall, grow, improve, begin, start
Is your English getting better? (not Does your English get better?)
.‫‐ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻟﺘﻬﺎﻳﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻮﻗﺘﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﻳﻢ‬٤
I’m living with some friends until I find a place of my own.
:‫‐ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻧﻤﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‬٥
like, love, hate, want, need, prefer, know, release, suppose, mean, understand, believe, remember, belong, fit,
contain, consist, seem
.‫" ﺑﻪ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻱ "ﻓﮑﺮ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ" ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﺮﺩ‬think" ‫‐ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﮐﻪ‬٦
I’m thinking about what happened.
2
English Grammar
(Present Perfect) ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬

1- I have lost my key.
I/we/you/they have done
2- She has forgotten my name.
He/she/it has done
3- We have seen the film.
.‫*ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‘ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﻳﻢ‬
. a period until now
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬ Have you ever eaten caviar? (in your life)
Recently
In the last few days
Since breakfast
Have you heard from Brian recently? ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
.‫‐ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻣﻲﮔﻮﻳﻴﻢ "ﭼﻴﺰﻱ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﺍﻓﺘﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ" ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ﹰﻻ ﻳﮏ ﺧﺒﺮ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﺳﺖ‬١
Police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery.
.‫ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫‐ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬٢
Is Sally here? No, she has gone out. (=she is out now.)
‫ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ‬yet ‫ ﻭ‬just, already. ‫‐ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ‬٣
Just = a short time ago Are you hungry? No, I have just had lunch.
Already= happened sooner than expected What time is Mark leaving? He’s already gone.
Yet= until now. Speaker is expecting something to happen. Use yet only in questions and negative sentences.
Has it stopped raining yet?
I have written the letter, but I haven’t sent it yet.
been (to) ‫ ﻭ‬gone (to) ‫‐ ﻓﺮﻕ‬٤
Jim is on holiday. He has gone to Italy. (=He is there now or on his way there)
Jane is back home now. She has been to Italy. (=She has now come back)
.‫ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺨﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‬... ‫ ﻭ‬today/this evening/this year ‫‐ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ‬٥
I haven’t seen Tom this morning. Have you?
:‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭼﻴﺰﻱ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻲﺍﻓﺘﺪ‬:‫‐ ﻣﻲﮔﻮﻳﻴﻢ‬٦.
It’s the first time he has driven a car.
3
English Grammar
(Present Perfect Continuous) ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬

1- I’ve been looking for you everywhere.
I/we/they/you have been doing
2- She’s been working very hard.
He/she/it has been doing
3- We’ve been waiting for an hour.
.‫ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‬.‫ ‐ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺧﻴﺮﹰﺍ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺯﮔﻲ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﻳﻢ‬١
I have been doing
‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
I have been talking to Amanda about the problem and she agrees with me.
.‫ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺎﺯﮔﻲ ﻣﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ‬.‫ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﻳﻢ‬how long, for … and since ‫‐ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ‬٢
How long have you been learning English? (=you’re still learning English)
.‫‐ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻃﻲ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺗﮑﺮﺍﺭ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﻭ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﻫﻢ ﺍﺩﺍﻣﻪ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ( ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ‬٣
Debbie is a very good tennis player. She’s been playing since she was eight.
‫ ﻣﻬﻢ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ‬.‫“ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻣﺎﺳﺖ‬She has been painting the ceiling”‫ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﻮﻳﻴﻢ‬:١ ‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‬
.‫“ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﻪ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ‬She has painted the ceiling” :‫ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻭﻗﺘﻲ ﻣﻲﮔﻮﻳﻴﻢ‬.‫ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻪ‬
‫ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬.‫ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ )ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ( ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﻳﻢ‬how long :٢ ‫ﻧﮑﺘﻪ‬
.‫ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‬how much, how many or how many times ‫ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬
How long have you been reading the book?
How much of that book have you read?
‫ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬mean ‫ ﻭ‬want ‫ ﺍﻣﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ‬.‫ ( ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬know/like/believe ‫‐ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ )ﻣﺜﻞ‬٤
.‫ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ‬
I’ve known about it for a long time. (not I’ve been knowing)
I’ve been meaning to phone Jane, but I keep forgetting.
.‫ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‬always ‫ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ‬.‫ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﮐﺮﺩ‬work ‫ ﻭ‬live ‫‐ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ‬٥
Julia has been living/ has lived in Paris for a long time.
I’ve always lived in the country. (not I’ve always been living)
‘I haven’t done something since/for… :‫‐ ﻣﻲﮔﻮﻳﻴﻢ‬٦
I haven’t seen Julia since Monday.
4
English Grammar
(Past Simple) ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬

1- I enjoyed the film.
I/we/you/they did
2- She passed her examination.
He/she/it did
3- Did you go to the cinema?
.‫– ﺧﺘﻢ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ed ‫ ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﻲﻗﺎﻋﺪﻩ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ‬.‫– ﺧﺘﻢ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬ed ‫‐ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﻪ‬۱
The police stopped me on my way home last night.
I went to the cinema three times last week.
.‫ ﺍﺳﺖ‬was/were ‘ be (am/is/are) ‫‐ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬۲
I was angry because they were left.
(Past Continuous) ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬

1- I was watching TV when you arrived.
2- She was walking home when she met
I/ he/she/it was doing
Dave.
We/you/they were doing 3- We were looking for you when you were
in bathroom.
I was doing
I started doing I finished doing
‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬
.‫‐ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺘﻲ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺮﻭﻉ ﺷﺪﻩ ﻭ ﻫﻨﻮﺯ ﺑﻪ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﻧﺮﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‬١
I waved to Helen, but she wasn’t looking.
.:‫‐ ﺍﻏﻠﺐ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺣﻴﻦ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺑﺮﻳﻢ‬٢
It was raining when I got up.
:‫ﺍﻣﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﻨﮑﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‬
I was walking along the road when I saw Dave. So I stopped and we had a chat.
.‫( ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬want ‫ ﻭ‬know ‫‐ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ )ﻣﺜﻞ‬٣
We were good friends. We knew each other well. (not We were knowing)
I was enjoying the party, but Chris wanted to go home. (not was wanting)
5
English Grammar
(Past perfect) ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬

I/we/they/you had done 1- I had made a big mistake.
He/she/it had done 2- She had gone home.
3- We weren’t hungry. We had just had lunch.
.‫‐ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺨﻮﺍﻫﻴﻢ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﮐﻨﻴﻢ ﺍﺯ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‬١
When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul had already gone home.
:‫‐ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬٢
Who is that woman? I’ve never seen her before.
I didn’t know she was. I’d never seen her before.
:‫‐ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬٣
Kate wasn’t at home when I phoned. She was at her mother’s house.
Kate had just got home when I phoned. She had been at her mother’s house.
(Past perfect Continuous) ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬

I/we/they/you had been going 1- I’d been working hard all day.
He/she/it had been doing 2- She’d been living there only a short time.
3- We’d been playing football.
.(‫‐ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺑﮕﻮﻳﻴﻢ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻗﻲ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻋﻤﻞ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ )ﺩﺭ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬۱
We’d been playing tennis for about half an hour when it started to rain heavily.
:‫‐ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬٢
James is out of breath. He has been running.

James was out of breath. He had been running.
:‫‐ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬٣
Cathy was sitting in an armchair resting. She was tired because she’d been working very hard.
.‫ ( ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﻲﺷﻮﻧﺪ‬like ‫ ﻭ‬know ‫‐ ﺑﻌﻀﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻓﻌﺎﻝ )ﻣﺜﻞ‬٤
We were good friends. We had known each other for years. (not had been knowing)

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Lessons 17-18 keep away/out

Word Synonym Antonym

vaccinate ‫ﻭﺍﮐﺴﻴﻨﻪ ﮐﺮﺩﻥ‬ inoculate, immunize

offer, make longer

* the state of changing one's position, to direct by moving

‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ )‪(Present Simple‬‬

‫‪I get up at 6 o’clock every morning.‬‬

‫‪ ‐٣‬ﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﺍﻭﻗﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻳﮏ ﻣﻄﻠﺐ ﮐﺎﺭﻱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻣﻲﺩﻫﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪I promise/ I apologize/ I advise/ I insist/ I agree/ I refuse … etc‬‬

‫‪ ‐٤‬ﺍﺯ ﺣﺎﻝ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺑﻴﺎﻥ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻲ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﻲﮐﻨﻴﻢ‪.‬‬

‫‪John isn’t lazy. He works hard most of the time.‬‬

‫‪I think Mary is Canadian, but I’m not sure.‬‬

‫?‪I can hear a strange noise. Can you hear it‬‬

‫‪You look well today. Or You’re looking well today.‬‬

(Present Continuous) ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬

Kate wants to work in Italy, so she is learning Italian.

I’m living with some friends until I find a place of my own.

I’m thinking about what happened.

(Present Perfect) ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬

. a period until now

Police have arrested two men in connection with the robbery.

‫ ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﺒﺮﻳﻢ‬yet ‫ ﻭ‬just, already. ‫‐ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﻢ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺑﺎ‬٣

Has it stopped raining yet?

I have written the letter, but I haven’t sent it yet.

been (to) ‫ ﻭ‬gone (to) ‫‐ ﻓﺮﻕ‬٤

I haven’t seen Tom this morning. Have you?

:‫ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺑﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﭼﻴﺰﻱ ﺍﺗﻔﺎﻕ ﻣﻲﺍﻓﺘﺪ‬:‫‐ ﻣﻲﮔﻮﻳﻴﻢ‬٦.

It’s the first time he has driven a car.

(Present Perfect Continuous) ‫ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬

I have been doing

How long have you been reading the book?

How much of that book have you read?

I’ve been meaning to phone Jane, but I keep forgetting.

‘I haven’t done something since/for… :‫‐ ﻣﻲﮔﻮﻳﻴﻢ‬٦

I haven’t seen Julia since Monday.

(Past Simple) ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ‬

The police stopped me on my way home last night.

I went to the cinema three times last week.

.‫ ﺍﺳﺖ‬was/were ‘ be (am/is/are) ‫‐ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬۲

I was angry because they were left.

(Past Continuous) ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬

‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﻝ‬

I waved to Helen, but she wasn’t looking.

It was raining when I got up.

(Past perfect) ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬

:‫‐ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬٢

Who is that woman? I’ve never seen her before.

I didn’t know she was. I’d never seen her before.

:‫‐ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ‬٣

(Past perfect Continuous) ‫ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬

:‫‐ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﺣﺎﻝ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬٢

James is out of breath. He has been running.

:‫‐ ﻣﻘﺎﻳﺴﻪ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﮔﺬﺷﺘﻪ ﮐﺎﻣﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻤﺮﺍﺭﻱ‬٣

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