Energy Transmission & Distribution

Insulation Enhancement

1
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Transmission Insulators

2
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Insulator Function
• Separates Live & Ground, Maintains air Gap
• Endures mechanical & Electrical stresses
• Endures Environmental stresses
• UV resistance
• Temperature
• Pollution Contamination

3
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Insulator Types ( Suspension/Tension/Post)

• Ceramic
• Non Ceramic
• Polymeric

4
Energy Transmission & Distribution

5
Energy Transmission & Distribution

6
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Insulator’s Electrical Design is based on

• System Voltage
• Switching & Impulse requirements
• Pollution Zones

7
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Pollution Classification
• Marine
• Industrial
Pollution levels
• Light
• Medium
• Heavy
• Very Heavy

8
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Very Heavy
• Subjected to conductive dusts
• Coastal areas
• Desert areas with strong winds carrying sand

9
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Pollution Issues
• Flashovers
• premature failures of Insulators

Any such activity on Transmission lines results

into heavy financial losses

10
Energy Transmission & Distribution

11
Energy Transmission & Distribution

12
Energy Transmission & Distribution

13
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Leakage Current on the Water film of a porcelain insulator

14
Energy Transmission & Distribution

15
Energy Transmission & Distribution

16
Energy Transmission & Distribution

17
Energy Transmission & Distribution

18
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Assessing Pollution levels

• ESDD* measurements
• Conductance of deposits
• Leakage currents
• Atmospheric sampling

*Equivalent Salt deposit density

19
Energy Transmission & Distribution

20
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Combating Pollution
• Hot Washing
• Greasing / Coatings
• Coating thickness
• Coating life
• Grease – a Fire Risk
• Coatings Difficult to remove
• Creepage Extenders / Booster sheds

21
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Raychem Materials

22
Energy Transmission & Distribution

23
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Creepage Extenders
• Heat Shrink & Cold applied

24
Energy Transmission & Distribution

• Suitable for diameters from 150 mm to 500 mm

• No upper limit of voltage for use

25
Energy Transmission & Distribution

26
Energy Transmission & Distribution

How does it work?

27
Energy Transmission & Distribution

28
Energy Transmission & Distribution

29
Energy Transmission & Distribution

South Africa

30
Energy Transmission & Distribution

31
Energy Transmission & Distribution

32
Energy Transmission & Distribution

33
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Raychem
Design
Manufacture
Supply
Install

34
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Next Steps
• Insulator dimensions/profile
• HVCE Selection
• Quote

35
Energy Transmission & Distribution

Thank You

36