Short answers, MODULATION THEORY, ELGC01, Exam: 28 October 2008

1) Modulation index ma = 0.6

Carrier: 100 Hz, Modulation frequency (information): 10 Hz
Modulated signal: eAM (t ) = [5 + 3cos(2π ⋅10 ⋅ t ) ] ⋅ cos(2π ⋅100 ⋅ t )
Power in side-bands: 15.25 %. Bandwidth: 20 Hz.

2) See course literature.

3) QPSK (or 4-PSK)

4)
f max = 60 Hz , f min = 20 Hz ⇒ ∆f = 20 Hz  Modulation index: β = 10 1% bandwidth:
⇒  ⇒ 
Modulation frequency: f m = 2 Hz   nmax = 14   B0.01 = 56 Hz
Carrier frequency: f c = 40 Hz ,
∞
eFM (t ) = 3cos  2π ⋅ 40 ⋅ t + 10 sin ( 2π ⋅ 2 ⋅ t )  = 3 ∑ J n (10) cos [ 2π (40 + 2n)t ]
n =−∞
2
E 4.5
Total power: Ptot = = c
[W ]
2R R
Amplitude of carrier frequency component: Ec J n ( β ) ≈ 0.75

5)
a) β = 4 ⇒ nmax = 7 ⇒ B0.01 = 42 kHz
5
P30 kHz
= ∑ J n ( β ) = 0.9946 ⇒ 99.46%
2
b) Within 30 kHz n is less than or equal to 5.
Ptot n =−5

6) R = 21.16 km.
S S
With a received signal amplitude of 0.5 mV rms we get:   = 60.51 dB ,   = 90.39 dB
 N in  N out
S S
With a received signal amplitude of 0.2 mV rms we get:   = 52.55 dB ,   = 82.43 dB
 N in  N out

7)
f s = 8kHz , n = 8 [ bit/sample ] . 64 kbps for each channel. Total bitrate: 2048 kbps.
Total bandwidth in the base-band (with roll-off factor r=0.5): 1536 kHz.
16 QAM has 4 bit per symbol, but the RF bandwidth is generally double the base-band bandwidth,
so total RF bandwidth becomes: 768 kHz

8)
a) fVCO = 400 kHz ⇒ f diff = 150 kHz after the phase detector
b) Capture process
c) fVCO = 250 kHz ⇒ V0 = 5V ⇒ Vd = 0.5V ⇒ ϕe = π
4
ϕe = π 2 ⇒ Vd = 1 ⇒ V0 = 10 ⇒ fVCO = 100 kHz 

d)  ⇒ 100kHz → 700kHz
ϕe = − π 2 ⇒ Vd = −1 ⇒ V0 = −10 ⇒ fVCO = 700 kHz 