Banyak pertanyaan di milis tentang cara membuat nomor baru secara otomatis.

Misalnya nomor untuk

Surat Jalan dimana nomor tersebut meningkat secara otomatis (sekuensial).

Berikut ini ada sebuah function sederhana untuk membuat nomor Surat Jalan secara otomatis.

Asumsi:
Table bernama: tbl_SuratJalan
Field nomor bernama: NoSuratJalan, type: Text, Size: 10 chars.

Nomor Surat Jalan terdiri dari 4 character pertama berisi prefiks, mungkin untuk kode lokasi, kode
department, atau semacamnya. Nomor urut (sekuensial) panjangnya 6 chars.

Function NoBaru()
'Originally created by Haer Talib for RumahAccess.com
Prefiks = "AAbb"
NoBaru = Prefiks & "000000"
tSQL = "SELECT Max(NoSuratJalan) AS LastNo FROM [tbl_SuratJalan] " & _
"WHERE NoSuratJalan > '" & Prefiks & "000000' And NoSuratJalan <= '" & Prefiks
& "999999'"
Dim rs1 As Object
Set rs1 = CurrentDb.OpenRecordset(tSQL, dbOpenDynaset, dbSeeChanges)
If Not rs1.EOF Then
LastNo = Val(Right(Nz(rs1!LastNo, "0"), 6))
Else
LastNo = 0
End If
rs1.Close
Set rs1 = Nothing
NoBaru = Prefiks & Format(LastNo + 1, "000000")
End Function

Anda bisa mengkustomasi function di atas untuk keperluan anda.

Unsur-unsur yang perlu dikustomasi adalah:
- Nama Table
- Nama Field untuk nomor
- String untuk Prefiks.

Semoga bermanfaat.
Seringkali kita mendapat pertanyaan dari bos ataupun client, mengenai hal2 tentang manipulasi tanggal.
Berikut dibawah ini saya mencoba membuat fungsi2 tanggal melalu sql :

1. membuat manipulasi tanggal dengan cara melakukan penambahan/pengurangan beberapa hari

dengan memperhitungan hari libur nasional.

a. kita wajib mendefinisikan table holiday (tblDateHoliday ), yang berisi field2 sbb

CREATE TABLE [tblDateHoliday] (

[CountryCode] [varchar] (3) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NOT NULL ,
[YR] [varchar] (6) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NOT NULL ,
[Holiday] [datetime] NOT NULL ,
[Description] [varchar] (50) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NULL ,
[LastUpdate] [datetime] NULL CONSTRAINT [DF_tblDateHoliday_LastUpdate] DEFAULT (getdate()),
[OperatorID] [varchar] (20) COLLATE SQL_Latin1_General_CP1_CI_AS NULL ,
CONSTRAINT [PK_tblDateHoliday] PRIMARY KEY NONCLUSTERED
(
[CountryCode],
[YR],
[Holiday]
) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]

lalu masukan data2 dibawah ini

- CountryCode YR Holiday Description LastUpdate OperatorID
IDR 2008 10/1/2008 Tahun Baru Hidriyah 12/27/2007 9:22:47 AM Erwin
IDR 2008 11/1/2008 Cuti Bersama 12/27/2007 9:22:47 AM Erwin

b. membuat function fnDateHoliday,seperti dibawah ini

Create Function fnDateHoliday (

@pdate datetime,
@DateAddDays integer,
@Country varchar(3),
@SignPlusMinus char(1) ) Returns Datetime
-- with encryption
as
Begin
Declare @vDayWork Int
Declare @vDayCount Int
Declare @NewDateDay datetime
Declare @hitung int

Set @vDayWork = 0
Set @vDayCount= 0
Set @hitung= 0
Set @NewDateDay = @pDate

While @vDayCount < @DateAddDays

Begin
if @SignPlusMinus='+'
select @vDayWork = @vDayWork + 1
else
select @vDayWork = @vDayWork - 1

Select @NewDateDay = @pDate + @vDayWork

-- 6=hari sabtu
if DATEPART(dw, @NewDateDay)-1 = 6
Begin
Goto CSDLoop
End
-- 0=hari Minggu
If DATEPART(dw, @NewDateDay)-1 = 0
Begin
Goto CSDLoop
End

Select @hitung=Count(Holiday)
From NamaDatabase.dbo.tblDateHoliday
where (holiday=@NewDateDay and CountryCode=@Country )

If @hitung <> 0
Goto CSDLoop
else
Select @vDayCount = @vDayCount+1

CSDLoop:
continue
End

return (@NewDateDay)
End

c. cara pengunaan nya

- melalui SQL Query Analyzer

select NamaDatabase.dbo.fnDateHoliday ('9-Jan-2008',1,'IDR','+')
tekan F5
lalu akan muncul hasil 2008-01-14 00:00:00.000

kenapa muncul tanggal 14 ? karena dalam tabel holiday sudah saya definisikan bawah tanggal 10 dan 11
Jan 2008 adalah hari libur serta tanggal 12 dan 13 jan 2008 adalah hari sabtu dan minggu yang oleh
function fnDateHoliday telah di definisikan kalo hari sabtu minggu tidak di hitung.

- melalui Module Ms.Access

karena function di SQL hanya menghasil sebuah nilai dan nilai tersebut tidak bisa diambil secara
langsung oleh Ms.Access, maka kita buat sebuah Store Procedure

Create PROCEDURE spGetHoliday

@pdate datetime,
@DateAddDays integer,
@Country varchar(3),
@SignPlusMinus char(1)

-- WITH ENCRYPTION
AS
Select NamaDatabase.dbo.fnDateHoliday
(@pdate,@DateAddDays,@Country,@SignPlusMinus ) as GetCurDate

return

lalu copy paste function dibawah dalam module Ms.Access nya

Function FnHoliday()
Dim rst As New ADODB.Recordset
Set rst = Nothing
rst.CursorLocation = adUseServer
rst.Open "dbo.spGetHoliday '9-Jan-2008','" & 3 & "','IDR','-' ", CurrentProject.Connection,
adOpenKeyset, adLockOptimistic
FnHoliday = rst!newDate
Set rst = Nothing

End Sub

terakhir buat sebuah form, yang berisi textbox dan command button, dalam event on click command
button di kasih perintah sebagai berikut :

txtDate=fnHoliday

silahkan bila anda ingin melakukan perubahan agar semakin baik dan sesuai dgn kebutuhan anda
Sebuah function dibuat oleh Kerry Westphal, seorang program manager yang bekerja pada team Access,
berfungsi untuk menghasilkan penyebutan tanggal dan waktu yang lebih manusiawi ketimbang hanya
angka-angka tanggal dan jam. Function tersebut bernama ElapsedDays().
Aslinya terdapat di sini.

Dengan menggunakan function ini, anda bisa "menyebut keterangan" sebuah tanggal atau waktu
"dibandingkan" dengan tanggal dan waktu yang ditentukan. Misalnya terhadap waktu pertemuan, anda
bisa menyebut bahwa saat ini (terhadap waktu pertemuan itu) "Tinggal 15 menit lagi" atau "Sudah 1 jam
yang lalu".

Cukup mengasyikan, sehingga saya merasa perlu mengadaptasikannya ke dalam bahasa Indonesia, dan
mengubah sedikit prosedur sehingga menjadi lebih fleksibel.

Anda bisa langsung copy paste function berikut ini. Copy semua saja ke dalam sebuah module standard.

Untuk menjalankannya cukup ketik: ElapsedDays(TgWkt1, TgWkt2)

TgWkt1 adalah tanggal/waktu (datetime) dari kejadian/event yg ingin diukur (misal: tanggal pertemuan)
TgWkt2 adalah tanggal/waktu sekarang (atau tanggal/waktu tertentu yg anda inginkan). Parameter ini
opsional, jadi kalau tidak diisi akan menggunakan waktu sekarang (Now).

Semoga bermanfaat.

Option Compare Database

Dim DateTimeDue As Date

Function ElapsedDays( _
Optional DateTimeStart As Date, _
Optional DateTimeEnd As Date _
) As String

'*************************************************************
' Function ElapsedDays(dateTimeStart As Date) As String
' Returns the time elapsed from today in a friendly string like,
' "A day ago"
'
' Originally created by: Kerry Westphal, a program manager who works on the Access team
' Adapted and refine by: Haer Talib, Office Access MVP from Indonesia
'*************************************************************

Dim interval As Double, days As Variant

If IsNull(DateTimeStart) Then Exit Function
DateTimeDue = IIf(DateTimeEnd = 0, Now, DateTimeEnd)
days = DateTimeStart - DateTimeDue

Dim leapYearNow
Dim leapYearBefore

If WhenLeapYear() = 1 Then
leapYearNow = 366
leapYearBefore = 365
Else:
If WhenLeapYear() = 2 Then
leapYearNow = 365
leapYearBefore = 366
Else
leapYearNow = 365
leapYearBefore = 365
End If
End If

Select Case days

Case Is < -leapYearBefore
ElapsedDays = "Lebih dari setahun yang lalu"
Case -leapYearBefore To -MonthTime(5) + -MonthTime(4)
ElapsedDays = "Tahun lalu"
Case -MonthTime(5) + -MonthTime(4) To -MonthTime(4)
ElapsedDays = "Sudah sebulan yang lalu"
Case -MonthTime(4) To -28
ElapsedDays = "Sudah empat minggu yang lalu"
Case -28 To -21
ElapsedDays = "Sudah tiga minggu yang lalu"
Case -21 To -13
ElapsedDays = "Sudah dua minggu yang lalu"
Case -13 To -7
ElapsedDays = "Sudah seminggu yang lalu"
Case -7 To -6
ElapsedDays = "Sudah enam hari yang lalu"
Case -6 To -5
ElapsedDays = "Sudah lima hari yang lalu"
Case -5 To -4
ElapsedDays = "Sudah empat hari yang lalu"
Case -4 To -3
ElapsedDays = "Sudah tiga hari yang lalu"
Case -3 To -2
ElapsedDays = "Sudah dua hari yang lalu"
Case -2 To -1
ElapsedDays = "Kemarin lusa"
Case -1 To 0
ElapsedDays = "Sudah " & ElapsedTimeString(DateTimeStart) & " yang lalu"
Case 0 To 1
ElapsedDays = "Tinggal " & ElapsedTimeString(DateTimeStart) & " lagi"
Case 1 To 2
ElapsedDays = "Besok"
Case 2 To 3
ElapsedDays = "Lusa"
Case 3 To 4
ElapsedDays = "Tiga hari lagi"
Case 4 To 5
ElapsedDays = "Empat hari lagi"
Case 5 To 6
ElapsedDays = "Lima hari lagi"
Case 6 To 7
ElapsedDays = "Enam hari lagi"
Case 7 To 14
ElapsedDays = "Seminggu lagi"
Case 14 To 21
ElapsedDays = "Dua minggu lagi"
Case 21 To 28
ElapsedDays = "Tiga minggu lagi"
Case 28 To MonthTime(1)
ElapsedDays = "Empat minggu lagi"
Case MonthTime(1) To MonthTime(2) + MonthTime(1)
ElapsedDays = "Sebulan lagi"
Case MonthTime(2) + MonthTime(1) To MonthTime(3) + MonthTime(2) + MonthTime(1)
ElapsedDays = "Dua bulan lagi"
Case MonthTime(3) + MonthTime(2) + MonthTime(1) To leapYearNow
ElapsedDays = "Kurang dari setahun lagi"
Case Is > leapYearNow
ElapsedDays = "Lebih dari setahun lagi"
End Select
If ElapsedDays = "0 yang lalu" Or ElapsedDays = "Dalam 0" Then ElapsedDays = "Sekarang"
End Function

Function IsLeapYear()
Dim leap As Variant
leap = DatePart("yyyy", DateTimeDue)
If (leap Mod 4 = 0) And ((leap Mod 100 <> 0) Or (leap Mod 400 = 0)) Then IsLeapYear = 29 Else
IsLeapYear = 28
End Function

Public Function WhenLeapYear()

Dim leap As Variant
leap = DatePart("yyyy", DateTimeDue)
If (leap Mod 4 = 0) And ((leap Mod 100 <> 0) Or (leap Mod 400 = 0)) Then
WhenLeapYear = 1
Exit Function
Else
leap = leap - 1
If (leap Mod 4 = 0) And ((leap Mod 100 <> 0) Or (leap Mod 400 = 0)) Then
WhenLeapYear = 2
Exit Function
Else:
WhenLeapYear = 3
End If
End If
End Function

Function MonthTime() _
As Variant

Dim month As Variant

Dim MonthTime1(5) As Variant
month = DatePart("m", DateTimeDue)
Select Case month
Case 1 'January
MonthTime1(1) = 31 'January
MonthTime1(2) = IsLeapYear() 'February
MonthTime1(3) = 31 'March
MonthTime1(4) = 31 'December
MonthTime1(5) = 30 'November
Case 2 ' February
MonthTime1(1) = IsLeapYear() 'February
MonthTime1(2) = 31 'March
MonthTime1(3) = 30 'April
MonthTime1(4) = 31 'January
MonthTime1(5) = 31 'December
Case 3 'March
MonthTime1(1) = 31 'March
MonthTime1(2) = 30 'April
MonthTime1(3) = 31 'May
MonthTime1(4) = IsLeapYear() ' February
MonthTime1(5) = 31 'January
Case 4 'April
MonthTime1(1) = 30 'April
MonthTime1(2) = 31 'May
MonthTime1(3) = 30 'June
MonthTime1(4) = 31 'March
MonthTime1(5) = IsLeapYear() ' February
Case 5 'May
MonthTime1(1) = 31 'May
MonthTime1(2) = 30 'June
MonthTime1(3) = 31 'July
MonthTime1(4) = 30 'April
MonthTime1(5) = 31 'March
Case 6 'June
MonthTime1(1) = 30 'June
MonthTime1(2) = 31 'July
MonthTime1(3) = 31 'August
MonthTime1(4) = 31 'May
MonthTime1(5) = 30 'April
Case 7 'July
MonthTime1(1) = 31 'July
MonthTime1(2) = 31 'August
MonthTime1(3) = 30 'September
MonthTime1(4) = 30 'June
MonthTime1(5) = 31 'May
Case 8 'August
MonthTime1(1) = 30 'August
MonthTime1(2) = 31 'September
MonthTime1(3) = 31 'October
MonthTime1(4) = 31 'July
MonthTime1(5) = 30 'June
Case 9 'September
MonthTime1(1) = 31 'September
MonthTime1(2) = 31 'October
MonthTime1(3) = 30 'November
MonthTime1(4) = 30 'August
MonthTime1(5) = 31 'July
Case 10 'October
MonthTime1(1) = 31 'October
MonthTime1(2) = 30 'November
MonthTime1(3) = 31 'December
MonthTime1(4) = 31 'September
MonthTime1(5) = 30 'August
Case 11 'November
MonthTime1(1) = 30 'November
MonthTime1(2) = 31 'December
MonthTime1(3) = 31 'January
MonthTime1(4) = 31 'October
MonthTime1(5) = 31 'September
Case 12 'December
MonthTime1(1) = 31 'December
MonthTime1(2) = 31 'January
MonthTime1(3) = IsLeapYear() 'February
MonthTime1(4) = 30 'November
MonthTime1(5) = 31 'October
End Select
MonthTime = MonthTime1
End Function

Function ElapsedTimeString( _
Optional DateTimeStart As Date _
) As String

'*************************************************************
' Returns the time elapsed between a starting Date/Time and
' an ending Date/Time formatted as a string that looks like
' this:
' "20 hours, 30 minutes".
'*************************************************************

Dim interval As Double, str As String, days As Variant

Dim hours As String, minutes As String, seconds As String
If IsNull(DateTimeStart) = True Then Exit Function
interval = DateTimeDue - DateTimeStart
hours = Format(interval, "h")
minutes = Format(interval, "n")

' Hours part of the string

str = str & IIf(hours = "0", "", _
hours & " jam")
str = str & IIf(hours = "0", "", _
IIf(minutes <> "0", ", ", " "))

' Minutes part of the string

str = str & IIf(minutes = "0", "", _
minutes & " menit")

ElapsedTimeString = IIf(str = "", "0", str)

End Function