PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Hygroscopicity is higher.
Tensile strength is less when fiber is wet than when it is dry (this is inverse
for cotton and linen).
Elasticity is less than 2-3 %. after which creep develops and permanent
elongation sets in. this should be considered in weaving and stentering.
Combined action of heat and light brings about rapid losses of strength.
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES
Caustic alkali solutions cause strong swelling of viscose which can pass in
to the solution.
Acids like HCl, H2SO4 break down cellulose macromolecules and produce
hydro cellulose.
Oxidizing agents oxidize viscose very faster and oxy cellulose is formed.
Cold acid solution for a short time does not attack viscose.
Solvents like pine oil, PCE, TCE, benzene, toluene, xylene, gasoline, CCl4
can be used without any deteriorating effect. But highly polar solvents like
phenols should be avoided.
Fe(OH)2 ( O) Fe2(OH ) 3
Micro organisms ( moulds, mildews, fungus, bacteria etc) affect the colour
strength, dyeing property and luster of rayon.
Moulds and mildew rarely attack dry and clean viscose rayon.
Chemical Action
Hot dilute strong acid Dissolves
Cold conc. Strong acid Dissolves
Weak acids Strength deteriorates on prolonged
hot contact.
Strong alkali Swells and fiber losses strength
Weak alkali No effect in cold. Strength reduces
in hot condition.
Organic solvents Resistant
Organic highly polar solvents Reduces strength
Polynosic Fiber:
Better uniformity.
Higher strength.
Finer
Higher strength in the dry state and loss of strength in the wet state is
somewhat lower.