I.

Abstract

Should consist of short, concise descriptions of the problem & its

solution. It must be typewritten in the IPSF Official Abstract
Form, one page only, single-spaced with a maximum of 250 words,
in Times Roman style, font

The abstract must state the following:

1. Purpose
2. Procedure Used
3. Results
4. Conclusion

II. Research Paper

The research paper for an IPSF entry should contain the

following:

1. Problem/s
2. Objectives
3. Methods & Procedures (described in detail)
4. Results
5. Conclusions and Recommendations
6. Bibliography (at least 3 major references)

Ethics Statement. Scientific fraud and misconduct are not

condoned at any level of research or competition. Plagiarism, use
or presentation of other researcher's work as one's own forgery
of approval signature and fabrication or falsification of data will
not be tolerated. Fraudulent projects will fail to qualify for the
competition.
III. Format of Research Paper

The project write-up must be typewritten double-spaced in short

bond paper (8”x11”) and follows the following format:

* Title Page – title of the project must be brief, simple and

catchy.
* Abstract - should consist of short, concise descriptions of
the problem & its solution. It must be one page only, single-
spaced with a maximum of 250 words, typewritten in Times
Roman style; font 11. It must also state the following:

1. Purpose
2. Procedure used
3. Results
4. Conclusion

* Acknowledgement – contains the names of people & agencies

that helped in the conduct of the work described.
* Table of Contents – lists the different parts of the whole
report with the corresponding page number of each part. The
wording & grammar of the chapter titles, heading & title of
tables & figures should be consistent.
* Introduction – informs the reader of the problem under
study. It shows the nature of scope and the problem, its
historical & theoretical background & a review of literature
relevant to the problem.

1. Background of the Study- states the rationale of the

study. It explains briefly why the investigator chose this study to
work on.
2. Statement of Problem/Objectives – the nature & scope
of the problem should be presented with clarity. Two types of
objectives maybe stated:

1. General Objective – this is related to the problem as

given in the early part of the section.
2. Specific Objective – this states the purpose of each
experiment conducted.

3. Significance of the Study- the importance of the study is

explained in this part.
4. Scope and Limitations – states the coverage & extent of
the study.
5. Review of Related Literature – sufficient background
information should be presented for readers to understand &
evaluate the results of the present study. Only the most
important studies and theories written on the topic should be
included.
* Methodology – provides enough details so that a competent
worker can repeat the experiments.

1. Materials/Equipment – the exact technical specifications,

quantities and source of method of preparation for all materials
used should be given. Specifically built equipment used in the
study must be described and the description accompanied
by a picture.
2. Treatment/General Procedure – the manner & sequence
by which each experiment or set of observations were done & how
measurements were obtained should be described in detail. Avoid
using the “recipe style” when stating the step-by-step procedure.
Use the narrative form in the past tense.

* Results and Discussion – this maybe divided into sub-

sections describing each set of
experiment or observations.

1. Findings – the data maybe presented in full & discussed

descriptively in the text or these maybe summarized in tables,
pictures & graphs. The statistical test used to determine the
possible significance of the finding should be described. Tables,
pictures & graphs should make the presentation of the data more
meaningful.
2. Analysis of Data – the interpretation of the findings are
discussed & the significant features shown in the table, figures
or graphs are pointed out.

Ethics Statement. Scientific fraud and misconduct is not

condoned at any level of research or competition. Plagiarism, use
or presentation of other researcher's work as one's own and
fabrication or falsification of data will not be tolerated.
Fraudulent projects are disqualified for the competition.

* Conclusions – the general truth implied or illustrated by the

results should be clearly stated. The evidence based on the
results should be summarized for each statement.
* Recommendations – consists of suggestions on future
actions such as a new direction of research or further
experiments to be performed, practices that might be adapted or
discarded in order to attain certain goals or objectives.
* Bibliography – a list of the references used in guiding the
research work and writing the paper.

EXAMPLE:

Investigatory Project in Energy

Results and Discussion in water turbine, water wheel

energy from water.

Introduction:

This project is one of the most famous electricity

projects that can be performed successfully by most
students in the age of 10 to 16. Since the same method is
used to get energy from many fruits and chemicals, this
project has many names. Following are some of the other
names or titles for this project:

1. Fruit power or fruit battery

2. Convert Chemical energy to electrical energy
3. Potato battery or Lemon battery

Procedure:

Making electricity from chemicals is based on the same

scientific principles on which all modern batteries work.
You insert copper and zinc electrodes in an acidic liquid
and produce some electricity from the chemical reaction
between your electrodes and electrolyte. The electricity
produced in this way can be displayed with a multi-meter
that can show millivolts. It may also be able to power up a
1.2 Volts light bulb. Making electricity experiment can be
used for many different science projects. Following are
some additional research that you can perform in relation
to making electricity from fruits and chemicals.

1. Experiment to see which fruits can produce electricity.

4. Replace electrodes of your kit with other metals such
as coins, nails to see which other metals can be used as
electrodes. 2. Experiment to see which fruit juices can
produce electricity 5. Test to see if such electrodes can
light up a bulb. 3. Experiment to see which other liquids
such as detergents and drinks can produce electricity. 6.
If you have access to a multi meter, check to see how
many volts electricity is being produced by fruits.
Material and equipment:

Material and equipment that you need for this project

are:

1. Copper Electrode
2. Zinc Electrode
3. Multi-meter capable of measuring low voltages
4. Flashlight light bulb 1.2 Volts
5. Screw Base or socket for light bulb
6. Wires
7. Alligator clips
8. Board for mounting the base and the bulb (optional)