Application of the finite difference equations: 3 point formulae

From the derived equations and given parameters, the central finite difference equations are
as such:

d 2 y y i−1−2 y i+ y i+1
= …Second derivative application
d ❑2 ∆❑2

dy − y i−1 + y i +1
= …First derivative application
d 2∆

The outer / forward finite difference equations are as such:

d y i −3 y i+ 4 y i +1− y i+2
=
d 2∆

The Boundary conditions:

d yi
 Node 1 (center of the sphere): = 0 and d = 0
 Node (N+1) which is at the surface: C A=C AS henceforth y N+1 =1

Vector F which is a function of y:

Using boundary conditions at the centre of the sphere simultaneously with the forward / outer
difference equation the equation below is developed: First derivative:

d y 1 −3 y 1+ 4 y 2− y3
= =0=F 1
d 2∆

Interior nodes: combining the finite difference equations with the ODE:

yi −1−2 y i + y i+1 2 − y i−1 + y i+1 ( γβ ( 1− y i ) )

F i= + . −∅2 y i exp =0
∆❑ 2 ❑ 2∆ 1+ β( 1− y i)

Fi at node N where boundary condition y N+1 = 1, this condition was applied such that the
above equation developed with respect to N.

y N−1−2 y N +1 2 − y N−1 +1 ( γβ ( 1− y N ) )
FN =
∆❑ 2
+
❑
.[ 2∆
2
]
−∅ y N exp
1+ β(1− y N )
=0
The ODE obtained as above indicates an ODE of a non-linear nature hence the algebraic
equation cannot be solved using linear algebra but rather an iterative process using the
Newton-Raphson technique, the simplifications thus far applies to the Newton-Raphson
technique and for further solving, the Jacobian matrix was needed.

Partial differential equation were determined from the functions above for the nodes i-1,i,
i+1:

[ )]
2
∂ F i −2 γβ ( 1− y i ) γβ ( 1− y i ) −γβ ( 1+ β ( 1− y i ) ) + ( γ β ( 1− y i ) )
=
∂ y i ∆❑2
2
−∅ exp
(
1+ β ( 1− y i ) )
+ y i exp
(
1+ β ( 1− y i) )( ( 1+ β ( 1− y i ) )
2

❑ = ❑− ❑
❑ ❑ ❑
❑ =❑ + ❑
❑ ❑ ❑