5 .

A student carried out an experiment to investigate the effect of common salt on

distilled water. Figure 5.1 shows an apparatus set-up for the experiment.
Seorang pelajar menjalankan satu eksperimen untuk menyiasat untuk menyiasat kesan
garam biasa ke atas air suling. Rajah 5.1 menunjukkan susunan radas bagi
eksperimen tersebut.

Diagram 5.1/ Rajah 5.1

The student takes the following steps.
Pelajar itu menjalankan langkah-langkah berikut.

Step 1 : Take three beakers and label A, B and C.

Langkah 1 : Ambil tiga bikar dan labelkan A, B dan C.

Step 2 : Pour 200ml of distilled water into each beaker.

Langkah 2 : Tuangkan 200ml air suling ke dalam setiap bikar.

Step 3 : Add 3 g of common salt in beaker B, 10 g of common salt in beaker C

Langkah 3 : Tambahkan 3 g garam biasa ke dalam bikar B, 10 g garam biasa ke
dalam bikar C

Step 4 : Heat beaker A until the distilled water boils. Determine its boiling point.
Langkah 4 : Panaskan bikar A sehingga air suling mendidih. Tentukan takat didih air
suling.

Step 5 : Repeat step 4 for beakers B and C.

Langkah 5 : Ulang langkah 4 bagi bikar B dan C.
(a) State the variables involved in this experiment.
Nyatakan pembolehubah yang terlibat dalam eksperimen ini.

Manipulated variable
Pembolehubah dimanipulasikan …………………………………………..
Responding variable
Pembolehubah bergerakbalas ………………………………………….
Constant variable
Pembolehubah dimalarkan …………………………………………..
[3 marks]

(b) Complete table 4.2 by recording the thermometer reading for beaker A, B and C.
Lengkapkan jadual 4.2 dengan merekodkan bacaan thermometer bagi bikar A, B
dan C

Beaker Mass of common salt / g Boiling point / oC

Bikar Jisim garam / g Takat didih / oC

A 0
B 5
C 10
Table 4.2
Jadual 4.2
[3 marks]
(c) Using table 4.2, draw a bar chart of the boiling point against mass of common salt.
 Menggunakan Jadual 4.2, lukis carta bar bagi takat didih melawan jisim garam.

[3 marks]
(d) What inference can be made based on Table 4.2?
Apakah inferens yang boleh dibuat berdasarkan Jadual 4.2

………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
(e) State the relationship between the mass of common salt and the boiling point of
distilled water.
Nyatakan hubungan antara jisim garam biasa dengantakat didih air suling.
…………………………………………………………………………………………….
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
[1 mark]
o
(f) If the freezing point of the salt solution in beaker C is -3 C, predict the freezing point
of the salt solution in beaker B.
Jika takat beku larutan garam di dalam bikar C ialah -3 oC, ramalkan takat beku bagi
larutan garam di dalam bikar B.

………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]

(g) Based on table 4.2, define distilled water oprtationally.

Berdasarkan jadual 4.2, takrifkan air suling secara operasi.

………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………
[1 mark]