Klorida Asam
RCOOH + SOCl2 / PCl3 → RCOCl + SO2 + HCl
C4H9COOH + SOCl2 → C4H9COCl + SO2 + HCl
Asam Pentanoat Tionil Klorida Pentanoil Klorida Sulfur Dioksida Asam Klorida
3 C5H11COOH + PCl3 → 3 C5H11COCl + H3PO3
Asam Kaproat Fosfor Triklorida Kaproil Klorida Asam Fosfat
Anhidrida Asam
RCOCl + RCOO- → RCOOOCR + Cl-
C3H7COCl + C3H7COONa → C3H7COOCC3H7 + NaCl
Butanoil Klorida + Natrium Butirat Anhidrida Butanoat Natrium Klorida
C4H9COI + C2H5COOK → C4H9COOCC2H5 + KCl
Pentanoil Iodida + Kalium Propionat Anhidrida Pentanoat Propanoat Kalium Klorida
HOOC(CH2)nCOOH → COOOC(CH2)n
HOOC(CH2)2COOH → COOOC(CH2)2
Asam Suksinat Anhidrida Suksinat
HOOC(CH2)3COOH → COOOC(CH2)3
Asam Glutarat Anhidrida Glutarat
Ester
RCOOH + R'OH → RCOOR + H2O
C3H7COOH + C2H5OH → C3H7COOC2H5 + H2O
Asam Butanoat Etanol Etil-Butanoat Air
C6H13COOH + C4H9OH → C6H13COOC4H9 + H2O
Asam Enantat Butanol Butil-Enantat Air
Amida
RCOCl + HNR'2 → RCONR'2 + HCl
C5H11CO-Cl + (CH3)2N-H → C5H11CO-N(CH3)2 + HCl
Kaproil Klorida Dimetil Amina N,N-DiMetil-Kaproamida Asam Klorida
C4H9CO-I + (CH3)2N-H → C4H9CO-N(CH3)2 + HI
Pentanoil Iodida Dimetil Amina N,N-Dimetil-Valeramida Asam Iodida
Nitril
RX + CN- → RCN + X-
C3H7F + NaCN → C3H7CN + NaF
Propil-Fluorida Natrium Sianida Propil-Sianida Natrium Fluorida
C4H9Br + AgCN → C4H9CN + AgBr
Butil-Bromida Perak Sianida 1-Siano-Butana Perak Bromida
Klorida Asam
RCO-Cl + H2O → RCO-OH + HCl
C6H13CO-Cl + H2O → C6H13CO-OH + HCl
Heksanoil Klorida Air Asam Heksanoat Asam Klorida
C7H15CO-Cl + H2O → C7H15CO-OH + HCl
Heptanoil Fluorida Air Asam Heptanoat Asam Klorida
LiAlH[OC(CH3)3]3 ; H2O,H+
RCO-Cl → RCO-H
C7H15CO-Cl → C7H15CO-H
Oktanoil Fluorida Oktanal
C6H13CO-Br → C6H13CO-H
Heptanoil Bromida Heptanal
Anhidrida Asam
RCOOOCR + H2O --> RCOOH + RCOOH
C2H5COOOCC2H5 + H2O --> C2H5COOH + C2H5COOH
Anhidrida Propanoat Air As.Propanoat As.Propanoat
C3H7COOOCC2H5 + H2O --> C3H7COOH + C2H5COOH
Anhidrida Butanoat Propanoat As.Butanoat As.Propanoat
Ester
RCOOR' + H2O → RCOOH + R'OH
C3H7COOCH3 + H2O → C3H7COOH + CH3OH
Metil-Butanoat Air Asam Butanoat Metanol
C4H9COOC2H5 + H2O → C4H9COOH + C2H5OH
Etil-Pentanoat Air Asam Pentanoat Etanol
Amida
RCONR'2 + H2O → RCOOH + HNR'2
CH3CON(CH3)2 + H2O → CH3COOH + HN(CH3)2
N,N-Dimetil-Asetamida Air Asam Asetat N,N-Dimetilamina
C3H7CON(CH3)(C2H5) + H2O → C3H7COOH + HN(C2H5)2
N-Etil-N-Metil-Butiramida Air Asam Butirat N-Etil-N-Metilamina
Nitril
RCN + H2O → RCOOH
C4H9CN + H2O → C4H9COOH
Pentananitril Air Asam Pentanoat
C5H11CN + H2O → C5H11COOH
Heksananitril Air Asam Heksanoat