H1O: ~ World Fonte, Oijnnggetion- |
WTO Came into becng or Jaruary 64,1995 |
fe was extensim of GATT.
|W70 extended GATT in Cues Majer wags |
fist GATT betarre arty ene of the three omayex
Frade figretrrents that tusnt tre 6070 .
EE? GATT: Generel Apieemrertt on. Taowigs f Jaacle
GATS) General Aipreercint or Prusleine, Seveceax. ,
Leris: Fracte beleLed Aspects fbrtelle aL
_Popety Pie
WTO Bee BE OE ge h Leercber Ariba
festngs thar GATT *
[Second
- Mh-fpae [Jinmer - ful flatged prilcton
i— Wve Arcbepren dante 4itlince (|= Confrorate beady re eegna
(inten apeemant a Rey wenle. WtemsLinal Low
= Least Lerrmal — 2 Fema Agreement
- Orly Gt - ptpeckh P4ere
— tveck Oepute Ge ttbcoast | Roary Oisfette Gttliment [rece dure
| pwcedore
les ate sale alin Macdecavce po Prien, WOBE AE
|\Tn LUT, these ome Afabtchateral Licciplines ou
Vexcety of febpeeEs. EE Exuriengnerital Standage
= Paige Gee
- ALA Cnha~auic Principles of CTO
The WTO agreements are lengthy ard Grnpler
Beenie 7
Legal Texts £ Cover wudde rage of activities
these axe
They heal ttcth
v7 - Apgrecullore
- Textile ¢ Chsthing
- Gankery |
Febe cormarucriecLeins
Gort. Pixchnres
_ brcteitcnl Slardandks
_ frown t Safely
- Fook Sarctahian Pequbbo
- brtehlectoak Prepely A
and onan WiseKe
A number oy Sarple gad. furkarrintet frnaples
Yer throughout ale Ff there Aocecrre nts:
These pronaples are the foundeLin of Aaternstomal
Fracding System.
Site Basie rovceples aHe:—
1. Frade wthoct LE Crore aALE ,
UO PIEN TreBorertk
Gi) NS FRatrrent
2. Freer Trade
3. Predectatclhly Chrough Binding
$- Prrritiong Fann Corr petition.
F- Encounaging Develaprment £ Eamornrie Pefaml- Frade utcthout bisercrneraLenr :—
VO
GY MEN (ryest-Favouxeh Wale)
- No special Deal bt tradong paxOrers.
Abe LWT) members must be rented He Mowe.
Umndex 4V7O Agreements, Counbies Carn n6t revmll,)
descrirntrete btlivetn thers Gaderg pastries om
Lo = Gramt tore re a apecick favorx.
e-gs— Leewer Cuttin Duty hele te me Courrtay for
one of tiezse CLS product
TF Ge eo tt you Aare Cte the Marre for all
other COT members -
MEN in GATT, GATS Tries
wo pry
This prineple os
Ase Article of GATT
Bust ’ ” GATS
Sta ” a TROUPES
that LE Ls
Atthough, in each agreement the pr he. /s Pandhek
i af fe resp:
vibegh thay Afferer ly
Some exceptions by WTO
INTO auptterrtr ts pesrndt Marre ecceplars Under
bret Cendetimrs:
Farexarnphe (MeounL res Con.
Setup o Free Trade Agreement hat apples
| mby & goods trade ucthin the grewe —
Aistud prdora lire Agacrst€ GOps Yror eet ote
Q Special Access ts Markets by 60792 Coon Ges
te clevth peng Countrés.
@ Raising Barriers aenpaires= Onsoripes by coonley eject
procdocts Hat axe amnstdléred Cs be Crake
ungacily seo mpee ge Ceun tees(Q)and tn Sernicel, counties axe abloweels ins
Lemp ked Cixnturmbélmnces ,ts cles cecrnin ste
Hexale barrier eo oft a aranket,. fer Same
ods € hewices fare all cts Gading pares
(Gi) Nalensk Specxl freckrort
NG
® Irmporte ~ Locally produced Geors
“foreign. & Derreste Sexvrces
“foregn § Local Trader 20s
ns Copyrights and
- 4 4” “ Paterts sheath be
(eo Garr
eee ed
| breatel eajenlly.
@ Principle of Watiomal Freatmert”
| Avtite J7 = GATS
Artiche 3 THE /
Albthatigh jr. each agvdtrrtt the sovintaphe 6
Aamdle kh slghthy agferen thy.
| @wher ches ct apply?
tina Treatment only applies orice a prokct,
[ueevices ox etm of intellectual property has —
| |Cntered the market .
These fore Cherging Custos deity or an. prport oo onze
a Wrpletinr of pritieral Treatynir€ wot S
\foc ally prockun eh protts are ret CherGodk
! A~ 4 pecd nlert Tau
oe 4.2. Freeyv Frade
1. Freex Fracke., grocluallhy thresegh negcotisleor
~€ Reepressile Leb feet
== Zowering Frocle Gaxrviers one the rres€ obviovs
wLeans of Cyr Cotrgeng Fra che
3. Frade Boxrriers |
(reg Ya To |
Taxes, Cuétarnr duties Quotes, Sanctions, Eprbaages
An pert bans.
other zesues
Red Tape y Exchange kote Polkctes
4. Areas Covered oy GATT:
Siree GATT Create. ir. 997-98, exght voll As of
Frode négetealove .
9th. round. under Doha. development Agenda, rs
mew tindlertcary-
PRL First, trese focused or Lowering tariffs (Caton
cert ec) orr piped. Geeks.
As a resull of negotiations By ik 19905 Prrckeritoed
Couritere.s? taxi fp votes on trdiniteel geok AsA
pollen. cleuin tbead ty 4, bets an Yf.
by mid 1980s, tA¢ rie gotis bois had expancet ts
Ce» nen-CawZXf basries orn = Geods
— Serves
— Intetlectisel fre etyi
Pron ising pet to vase
@ Tariff! anc berding leads be;
Greater Certacrty for Buseress
fwesterent (§ enCorraged
- Jobs ave Creeted
Corsierrrex Oryoy bene fils of Competilionr
thsough :
— Choices
= teen Bite
- Higher degree of MKC, Secunty for Todos
6 Prveslers
— 9 gives butinertss 2 clear vree of Chace fetore
pporlerrcLies
2. Hoco te change Bindengs?
A Cewnptery Cam Change véS benaongs after mre getat lens
wth cts Cradong ypontriens pr order te Corn pers ating
them yer het of Gade.
Cg: Under Lbruguay reurd, fr apicultne, foe Z,
Cf precduets now have born tan'ff(, Promatirg faty Competitan
ie brome! bed y fats. Com pets pe ten)
1 964s net ertirely acuaate trot WTO is a
free Trade’ Jrtctulior .
2-96 is a Mytlemn of Rules bay open fax ond
Undlis Corte te.
9- W7e allows sore protections in LerreLek
CrCeim Canes.
= aarpes (Tar, Custom dvtes)
Donn Jae f f5 (c Qiclas, Aran’ Embergecs,
heres £ brport vest.itzns)
pen Agri cetberre
- Trtteblectual Papooty Rights
_ Senices .
oe)
aa Encousagng developement £)
\. Eumnomie Reform So
- N70 System — Comntrcbutes ty development |
I Demancad of fhenbhity in ture G boplement
agreement by developing Coumbeces
-Wpecel Atsitlance { Trade Certestiont for
developing Counteres (Garr #WTo)
rrtexest of Developing counLiles inv LoTO
EE nee Ss Se ae
I— ever thee quater of LITE wilom bet ave
deve leporg 6 counties Framsctam bt nedket
| €Cemermnees
LL pereng 7L years of uxuguay reurd, ever Ce of
khese Counteies rrvyplerrectted Frade Uberalealon
pigrenmes actorncmecthy
7|
-~oO aed Countres axe more active é nspticensael
er Creguag Pound vegotielms (sep 1986)
and Doha or ee Agenda. (Mev 20e/)
= developed. Countues, under Ciruguay recind,
Market AllEess /
( Te £00,
Technital Assistance
Duly-free € Quéta free Wreabeh poils from Leo'sFunctions of WTo
‘4 Administering WTe Trade Agreements
Framework £ factetatem for:
+ brplem enter
o Admmencstration
- poelor
of - WwTo obyectcves
+ Atelbti bheteral Trade. A greernents
- Plre_haterch +
”
2- Form for Trade Negetlalm :
- For Member Counties ta negotiate their multiLetor|
Trade agreements,
- Fe brplementteLeor o¢ Results of TAH MegelL,
| by Namirlerial Conference .
3- Hanclling Fade bishutes — OSU
Ripete Setlenent Understending (Arneitane-2)
cm (
Adrrenceter try Undertlending of Rules £ facades
Povesruvye Se tthlemtyr£ of desputes
Gg. MoreLoring Nakionah Fracle hh, Covitenes)
Adminiicter Frade Pheey fewiers Mechanism (ret)
5. Technical Assistance f Fraiming fox develLping
Countaies:
Io Com ; : : ;
Perales. cxeith. other ArterreLign al Ongancppbin
Irl Global Econrrrie— Phity Piebing
CongpenTinn eusth WO, Imp £ aPtfatted,
to Revtonsteudlen £ Levelopment
Fractional Differential Equations: An Introduction to Fractional Derivatives, Fractional Differential Equations, to Methods of Their Solution and Some of Their Applications