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A very controversial use of ANCOVA is to correct for initial group differences. Any pre-existing classroom differences (e.g. Reading comprehension) will be confounded with our x variable. This correction resulted in the adjustment of group means for chance differences that existed when the subjects were assigned to the treatment groups.
A very controversial use of ANCOVA is to correct for initial group differences. Any pre-existing classroom differences (e.g. Reading comprehension) will be confounded with our x variable. This correction resulted in the adjustment of group means for chance differences that existed when the subjects were assigned to the treatment groups.
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A very controversial use of ANCOVA is to correct for initial group differences. Any pre-existing classroom differences (e.g. Reading comprehension) will be confounded with our x variable. This correction resulted in the adjustment of group means for chance differences that existed when the subjects were assigned to the treatment groups.
Hak Cipta:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Format Tersedia
Unduh sebagai DOC, PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
A very controversial use of ANCOVA is to correct for initial
group differences (prior to assigned to x) that exists on y among
several intact, state variable groups. For example, we may be only able to use two intact, separate classrooms to evaluate the relative efficacy of two teaching methods. Any pre-existing classroom differences (e.g. reading comprehension) will be confounded with our x variable. In this use of ANCOVA, we use some covariate (which predicts y to some extent) to make the treatment groups more equivalent to each other by removing from y that portion predictable by z. In short, we attempt to eliminate initial group differences on y which are confounded with x so that if a treatment effect does occur, we can be more confident that the treatment effect was not simply the result of pre-existing differences.
Since experimental and control groups are unequal in
size, significant differences existed between the experimental and control groups in their pre-test means scores before at the beginning of the semester. Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) was run using the post-test scores as the response variable and the pre-test scores as the covariate to correct for chance differences that existed when the subjects were assigned to the treatment groups. This correction resulted in the adjustment of group means for pre-existing differences caused by sampling error and reduction of the size of the error variance of the analysis.