By
1.0 ABSTRAK 1
2.0 PENGENALAN
3.0 OBJEKTIF 7
4.0 KAEDAH
6.0 SARANAN 13
7.0 RUJUKAN/SUMBER 22
8.0 LAMPIRAN 23
1.0 ABSTRAK
Keselamatan dan Kesihatan siri 1/2008. Tugasan Tempat Kerja bermula Januari 2007
sehingga Januari 2008 (tempoh kontrak). Laporan ini disediakan mengikut tempoh
yang diberikan iaitu selama 6 minggu mulai 17 Disember 2007 sehingga 29 Januari
2008. Objektif laporan ini di buat untuk mengenalpasti hazard semasa kerja-kerja
Mas, Kota Bharu, Kelantan”. Projek ini telah menelan belanja RM 4,280,810.40.
Kontraktor Utama bagi projek tersebut adalah RAJA HUSSIN SDN. BHD., yang
dikawal selia pembinaannya oleh Jabatan Kerja Raya, Jajahan Kota Bharu, Kelantan.
Walaupun begitu hanya kerja-kerja semasa pembinaan sahaja yang akan dihuraikan
mengenalpasti hazard, hasil dan perbincangan serta saranan yang perlu diberi
perhatian oleh RAJA HUSSIN SDN. BHD. bagi mengawal hazard kritikal yang
-1-
2.0 PENGENALAN
Amalin Aishah Putri adalah merupakan sekolah rendah agama yang pertama
blok bangunan, 1 blok kantin dan menara tangki air dan dibina di atas tanah
milik Al-Sultan Kelantan seluas 3.925 ekar . Sekolah tersebut akan dilengkapi
dan menguruskan projek tersebut bagi berjalan lancar. Jumlah kos pembinaan
SETIA SDN. BHD pada 5 Julai 1993 dan ditukarkan nama pada 14 Mac 2000.
-2-
Kontraktor Kelas C dan nilai kontrak tidak melebihi RM 5 juta. Sepanjang
pelanggan dipatuhi.
Dalam organisasi RAJA HUSSIN SDN. BHD., ianya terbahagi kepada dua
mematuhi Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan 1994, Akta Kilang dan
Jentera 1967 dan lain-lain akta yang berkaitan dengan isu keselamatan dan
kesihatan pekerjaan.
RAJA HUSSIN SDN. BHD. adalah salah satu syarikat yang menjalankan
sedang dilaksanakan pada masa ini ialah membina dan menyiapkan bangunan
-3-
sekolah di Tanjung Mas, Kota Bharu Kelantan untuk Kementerian Pelajaran
Malaysia dan juga membina dan menyiapkan bangunan Pejabat Tanah dan
dalam Akta Keselamatan dan Kesihatan Pekerjaan 1994, Akta Kilang dan
Jentera 1967 dan lain-lain akta yang berkaitan dengan aktiviti syarikat.
-4-
2.7 Hazard Yang Berkaitan Dengan Aktiviti-Aktiviti Tersebut
menggunakan kren.
(i) ‘Dehydration’
-5-
iii. ‘Piling and welding pile’
(b) Gegaran
(e) Ergonomik.
iv. ‘Fabricating’
(b) Wasap.
(c) Ergonomik.
(g) Habuk.
(h) Hingar.
v. ‘Bar bending’
(a) Ergonomik.
(c) Habuk.
-6-
(d) Hingar.
(e) ‘Dehydration’
(a) Jatuh.
(b) Fobia
(d) ‘Dehydration’
(f) Pengsan
vii. ‘Concreting’
(a) Getaran
(c) Ergonomik.
(e) ‘Dehydration’
3.0 OBJEKTIF
Objektif utama laporan ini disediakan adalah untuk mengenalpasti kesemua hazard
yang lebih kritikal yang terdapat di tapak pembinaan bangunan sekolah. Dengan
bantuan laporan ini, pihak pengurusan syarikat dan pekerja boleh menilai tahap
keselamatan dan kesihatan yang terdapat di tempat kerja dan persekitaran. Di samping
itu juga, pihak pengurusan dan pekerja akan lebih bersikap berhati-hati di dalam
-7-
semua perkara berhubung kait dengan isu keselamatan dan kesihatan di tempat kerja.
Justeru itu, ianya dapat memberi sedikit sebanyak pengetahuan dengan proses
pengenalpastian hazard.
4.0 KAEDAH
4.1 Tiga kaedah yang disenaraikan di bawah ini telah digunakan untuk
cerucuk)
-8-
iii. Masalah kesihatan yang dihidapi.
4.2 Kaedah Penaksiran Risiko. Oleh kerana risiko adalah hasil daripada keterukan
risiko.
Kemungkinan 4 3 2 1
4 16 12 8 4
3 12 9 6 3
2 8 6 4 2
1 4 3 2 1
-9-
4.2.2 Keterukan dinilai seperti berikut:
sementara)
awal)
4.2.4 Tahap risiko boleh dikatogerikan kepada risiko rendah, sederhana dan
- 10 -
Jadual 2. Penaksiran Risiko terhadap hazard – hazard.
8. ‘Concreting’ – 3 3 9
masalah ergonomik
aktiviti yang dijalankan dan mengenal pasti tahap dan kesan risiko hazard melalui
- 11 -
vi. Jatuh.
i. ‘Dehydration’.
iv. Ergonomik.
v. Habuk.
vi. Fobia.
hazard yang paling kritikal daripada tujuh (7) hazard yang dipilih di atas
5.3 Kesan risiko keselamatan dan kesihatan yang paling kritikal yang telah
ergonomik.
- 12 -
ii. Kerja tidak konsisten.
ergonomik.
i. Tergelincir.
ii. Jatuh.
i. Fobia.
ii. ‘Dehydration’.
6.0 SARANAN
6.1 Langkah-langkah kawalan yang perlu diambil oleh syarikat untuk mengawal
i. Penghapusan (eliminate).
- 13 -
iii. Pengepungan/ penasingan (Isolate).
- 14 -
pekerja mematuhi prosedur kerja selamat yang dikeluarkan
- 15 -
konkrit dijalankan dan tanpa disedari, pekerja - pekerja terbabit
- 16 -
kawalan secara penghapusan, pengantian dan juga pengasingan.
- 17 -
menentu seperti tiupan angin yang kencang dan juga ketika
- 18 -
keselamatan dan keselesaan pergerakan seseorang melakukan
- 19 -
perancah atau platform dan pengendalian operator mesin.
- 20 -
juga perlu menyediakan alat perlindungan diri seperti topi
6.2 Antara manfaat yang dapat dipelajari daripada saranan dan perbincangan di
dipatuhi.
6.2.5 Pekerja hendaklah diberi latihan yang cukup dalam bidang yang
mereka mahir.
tempat kerja.
- 21 -
7.0 RUJUKAN/SUMBER
A- Bahan Bercetak
NIOSH, 2004.
NIOSH, 2004.
NIOSH, 2004.
e) Keselamatan Pekerjaan
NIOSH, 2004.
a) www.dosh.mohr.gov.my
b) www.niosh.com.my
- 22 -
8.0 LAMPIRAN
(2) Gambar
- 23 -
LAMPIRAN 1
PENGARAH URUSAN
JURUTERA / SHO
KERJA-KERJA KERJA-KERJA
PAKAR ELEKTRIK/MEKANIKAL
SUB-KONTRAKTOR SUB-KONTRAKTOR
BERPENGALAMAN BERPENGALAMAN
KERJA-KERJA
STRUKTUR /
BANGUNAN
- 24 -
LAMPIRAN 2
- 25 -
G4 : Penggunaan mesin ‘bar bending’
dan penggunaan sarung tangan yang
sesuai semasa kerja-kerja
pembengkokkan besi
- 26 -
G7 : Aktiviti kerja- kerja memasang
atap bumbung. Kelihatan pekerja –
pekerja melakukan kerja tanpa ‘body
harness’ dan jaring keselamatan.
- 27 -
POZZOLITH 400Ri
Polymer admixture for improving concrete
DESCRIPTION
Pozzolith 400Ri is a ready-to-use liquid admixture for QUANTITY TO USE
making better, more uniform and more predictable high Pozzolith 400Ri is used at the rate of 250 to 400ml per
quality concrete. It retards the setting time to facilitate 100kg cement. Similar dose rates may be used with
placing and finishing. Concrete meeting architectural, blended cements.
structural and construction requirements is obtained more
dependably and economically with Pozzolith 400Ri. RATE OF HARDENING
Pozzolith 400Ri meets and exceeds AS1478.1-2000 type The temperature of the concrete mix and the ambient
WRRe admixture requirements. temperature (forms, earth, reinforcement, air, etc.) affect the
RECOMMENDED FOR rate of hardening of the concrete. At higher temperatures
concrete hardens more rapidly and may impose problems
Pozzolith 400Ri admixture is recommended for use in all with placing and finishing of concrete. By varying the
types of concrete where retardation of set and improved dosage of Pozzolith 400Ri, concrete with a more desirable
performance, particularly improved pumpability are required rate of hardening characteristic can be obtained.
or desired. Since setting time is also influenced by the chemical and
Pozzolith 400Ri admixture improves pumped concrete, physical composition of the basic ingredients of the
shotcrete (wet mix) and conventionally placed concrete; it concrete, trial mixes should be made with the actual
also improves plain, reinforced, precast, prestressed, materials approximating job conditions to determine the
lightweight or standard concrete. It can be used in white or dosage required for a given degree of retardation.
coloured concrete. Pozzolith 400Ri can be used with air-
entraining agents approved under AS 1478 Specifications COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH
when air-entrained concrete is specified or desired. While In comparison to plain concrete, a mix containing Pozzolith
Pozzolith 400Ri entrains negligible air, it improves the 400Ri develops higher early and ultimate strengths,
efficiency of most air-entraining admixtures and will exceeding the strength requirements of AS 1478.1-2000.
generally result in the need for less air-entraining admixture.
PACKAGING
BASF’s approved air-entraining admixture Micro-Air is
recommended for use with Pozzolith 400Ri admixture Pozzolith 400Ri is supplied in 205 litre sealed drums and
when air-entrained concrete is specified or desired. bulk delivery.
When used in conjunction with another admixture each For additional information on Pozzolith 400Ri and its use in
admixture must be dispensed separately into the mix. developing a concrete mix with special performance
characteristics, contact your local BASF Construction
FEATURES AND BENEFITS Chemicals technical representative.
Pozzolith 400Ri admixture aids in the production of
concrete with these special qualities.
All BASF Construction Chemicals Australia & New Zealand data sheets are updated on a regular basis, it is the user’s responsibility
to obtain the most recent issue AP400Ri/3/0906
The technical information and application advice given in this BASF Construction Chemicals publication are
based on the present state of our best scientific and practical knowledge. As the information herein is of a
STATEMENT OF general nature, no assumption can be made as to a product's suitability for a particular use or application
RESPONSIBILITY and no warranty as to its accuracy, reliability or completeness either expressed or implied is given other than
those required by law. The user is responsible for checking the suitability of products for their intended use.
Field service where provided does not constitute supervisory responsibility. Suggestions made by
BASF Construction Chemicals either orally or in writing may be followed, modified or rejected by the
NOTE owner, engineer or contractor since they, and not BASF Construction Chemicals, are responsible for
carrying out procedures appropriate to a specific application.
BASF Construction Chemicals Australia Pty Ltd Newcastle (02) 4961 3819 Adelaide (08) 8139 7500
Incorporated in NSW A.B.N. 46 000 450 288 Canberra (02) 6280 6010 Perth (08) 9366 2600
Head Office: 11 Stanton Road Seven Hills, NSW 2147 Brisbane (07) 3633 9900 Darwin (08) 8984 3269
Ph. (02) 8811 4200 Townsville (07) 4774 7344 Kalgoorlie 0417 772 355
Melbourne (03) 9567 7300
BASF Construction Chemicals New Zealand Ltd Head Office: 45 William Pickering Drive, Albany, Auckland Ph: (09) 414 7233
BASF WEB SITES www.basf-cc.com.au www.basf-cc.co.nz www.basf-ugc.com
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
INGREDIENTS
Chemical Name CAS Number Proportion
Calcium lignosulfonate 8061-52-7 10 -< 30%
Non-hazardous ingredients to 100%
Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting. Wash mouth with water and seek medical attention.
Eyes: While holding eyes open, gently flood with plenty of fresh water for 15 minutes. If irritation
persists or recurs seek medical attention. Skilled personnel should only undertake
removal of contact lenses after an eye injury.
Skin: Wash contacted area thoroughly with soap and plenty of water. If irritation persists, seek
medical attention.
Inhalation: Remove to fresh air. Lay patient down and rest.
First aid facilities: Ensure availability of clean water for eye/skin wash.
Methods for clean up / collecting: Caution slippery when spilt. Stop leak if possible without risk.
Spills should be contained by absorbing with dry inert filler (vermiculite,
sand or soil), which can then be shovelled into appropriately labelled
drums for disposal. Carefully dilute with water (fine spray or fog). Wash
down area with excess water into a containment area or contain with
inert filler for disposal.
Spills in a contained area such as a bund can be removed by a
commercial bulk liquid waste disposal organisation.
Environmental precautions: Do not discharge into sewers or waterways.
Acute
Ingestion: No adverse effects expected, however large amounts may cause nausea, diarrhoea and
vomiting.
Eye: May cause slight irritation.
Skin: Repeated or prolonged skin contact may lead to irritation.
Inhalation: Not applicable.
Chronic: Not a carcinogen, mutagen or teratogen. There have been no reports in the literature of
health effects in workers arising from long-term exposure to this material and no
comprehensive human studies have been conducted.
Disposal Methods
State/Territory authority: Observe all Federal, State and Local regulations
Dispose – Secure landfill: Yes.
This MSDS summarises our best knowledge of the health and safety hazard information of the product and
how to safely handle and use the product in the workplace. Each user should read this MSDS and consider
the information in the context of how the product will be handled and used in the workplace including in
conjunction with other products. If clarification or further information is needed to ensure that an appropriate
risk assessment can be made, the user should contact this company. Our responsibility for products sold is
subject to our standard terms and conditions, a copy of which is sent to our customers and is also available
on request. All information contained in this MSDS is as accurate and up-to-date as possible. No warranty
expressed or implied is made as to its accuracy, reliability or completeness.
2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
INGREDIENTS
Chemical Name CAS Number Proportion
Naphthalene Sulphonic Acid Derivative 36290-04-7 30 - 60%
Non-hazardous ingredients to 100%
Ingestion: Do NOT induce vomiting. Wash mouth with water and seek medical attention.
Eyes: While holding eyes open, gently flood with plenty of fresh water for 15 minutes. If irritation
persists or recurs seek medical attention. Skilled personnel should only undertake
removal of contact lenses after an eye injury.
First aid facilities: Ensure availability of clean water for eye/skin wash.
Advice to doctor: Treat symptomatically.
Methods for clean up / collecting: Caution slippery when spilt. Stop leak if possible without risk.
Spills should be contained by absorbing with dry inert filler (vermiculite,
sand or soil), which can then be shovelled into appropriately labelled
drums for disposal. Carefully dilute with water (fine spray or fog). Wash
down area with excess water into a containment area or contain with
inert filler for disposal.
Spills in a contained area such as a bund can be removed by a
commercial bulk liquid waste disposal organisation.
Environmental precautions: Do not discharge into sewers or waterways.
Acute
Ingestion: No adverse effects expected, however large amounts may cause nausea, diarrhoea and
vomiting.
Eye: May cause slight irritation.
Skin: Repeated or prolonged skin contact may lead to irritation.
Inhalation: Not applicable.
Chronic: Not a carcinogen, mutagen or teratogen. There have been no reports in the literature of health
effects in workers arising from long-term exposure to this material and no comprehensive
human studies have been conducted.
Disposal Methods
State/Territory authority: Observe all Federal, State and Local regulations
Dispose – Secure landfill: Yes.
Dispose – High temp incinerator: No
Precautions for clean up crew: Nitrile rubber or PVC gauntlets.
This MSDS summarises our best knowledge of the health and safety hazard information of the product and
how to safely handle and use the product in the workplace. Each user should read this MSDS and consider
the information in the context of how the product will be handled and used in the workplace including in
conjunction with other products. If clarification or further information is needed to ensure that an appropriate
risk assessment can be made, the user should contact this company. Our responsibility for products sold is
subject to our standard terms and conditions, a copy of which is sent to our customers and is also available
on request. All information contained in this MSDS is as accurate and up-to-date as possible. No warranty
expressed or implied is made as to its accuracy, reliability or completeness.
All BASF Construction Chemicals Australia & New Zealand data sheets are updated on a regular basis, it is the user’s responsibility
to obtain the most recent issue
ARb1000/10/090
6
The technical information and application advice given in this BASF Construction Chemicals publication are
based on the present state of our best scientific and practical knowledge. As the information herein is of a
STATEMENT OF general nature, no assumption can be made as to a product's suitability for a particular use or application
RESPONSIBILITY and no warranty as to its accuracy, reliability or completeness either expressed or implied is given other than
those required by law. The user is responsible for checking the suitability of products for their intended use.
Field service where provided does not constitute supervisory responsibility. Suggestions made by
BASF Construction Chemicals either orally or in writing may be followed, modified or rejected by the
NOTE owner, engineer or contractor since they, and not BASF Construction Chemicals, are responsible for
carrying out procedures appropriate to a specific application.
BASF Construction Chemicals Australia Pty Ltd Newcastle (02) 4961 3819 Adelaide (08) 8139 7500
Incorporated in NSW A.B.N. 46 000 450 288 Canberra (02) 6280 6010 Perth (08) 9366 2600
Head Office: 11 Stanton Road Seven Hills, NSW 2147 Brisbane (07) 3633 9900 Darwin (08) 8984 3269
Ph. (02) 8811 4200 Townsville (07) 4774 7344 Kalgoorlie 0417 772 355
Melbourne (03) 9567 7300
BASF Construction Chemicals New Zealand Ltd Head Office: 45 William Pickering Drive, Albany, Auckland Ph: (09) 414 7233
BASF WEB SITES www.basf-cc.com.au www.basf-cc.co.nz www.basf-ugc.com
LAPORAN HAZARD DALAM SEKT OR
PEMBINAAN BAGI SYARIKAT
RAJA HUSSIN SDN. BHD.
8. ‘Concreting’ – 3 3 9
masalah ergonomik
Saranan
• Langkah kawalan yang disarankan:
– Penghapusan
– Pengubahan
– Pengasingan
– Kejuruteraan
– Pentadbiran
– Peralatan perlindungan diri
• Terdapat 2 langkah-langkah pencegahan &
pembetulan iaitu jangka pendek dan panjang.
Manfaat
• Pihak syarikat perlu mengeluarkan garis
panduan kepada pekerja berdasarkan hasil
kajian risiko di tapak bina.
• Pihak hendak mematuhi segala arahan yang
dikeluarkan.
• Alat bantuan kecemasan hendaklah
diselenggarakan set iap masa.
• Memberi latihan yang sewajarnya kepada
pekerja mahir.
• Mengamalkan budaya kerja selamat .
• Kesederan dan kehendak undang -undang yang
berkaitan dengan keselamat an dan kesihat an
pekerja.