A Note on Derivation of Peak Time, Tp

(Slide 27 in System Response)

The output response is

e −ζω nt
c(t ) = 1 − sin(ω d t + φ ) (1)
1−ζ 2

⎛ 1−ζ 2 ⎞
with ω d = ω n 1 − ζ 2 and φ = tan −1 ⎜ ⎟.
⎜ ζ ⎟
⎝ ⎠
Differentiating Eqn (1) by parts, we have
(−ζω n e −ζω nt ) e −ζω nt
d c(t )
=− sin(ω d t + φ ) − (cos(ω d t + φ )ω d )
dt 1−ζ 2 1−ζ 2

e −ζω nt
= [ζω n sin(ω d t + φ ) − ω d cos(ω d t + φ )]
1−ζ 2

e −ζω nt
= [ζω n (sin(ω d t ) cos φ + cos(ω d t ) sin φ ) − ω d (cos(ω d t ) cos φ − sin(ω d t ) sin φ )]
1−ζ 2

Noting that cos φ = ζ and sin φ = 1 − ζ 2 , we have

e −ζω nt
c&(t ) = [(ζω n cos φ + ω d sin φ ) sin(ω d t ) + (ζω n sin φ − ω d cos φ ) cos(ω d t )]
1−ζ 2

=
e −ζω nt
1−ζ 2
[(ζ ω
2
n + ω n (1 − ζ 2 ) )sin(ω d t ) + (ζω n 1 − ζ 2 − 1 − ζ 2 ω nζ ) cos(ω d t ) ]
e −ζω nt
= [ω n sin(ω d t )]
1−ζ 2
Letting c&(t ) = 0 at t = t p , we thus have
−ζω n t p
e
[ω n ]
sin(ω d t p ) = 0 .
1−ζ 2
−ζω n t p
Since e ≠ 0 for t p < ∞ ,

we have sin(ω d t p ) = 0 giving sin(ω d t p ) = 0, π ,2π ,3π ,K

Choosing the first peak gives
π
tp =
ωd