a'4–k"hfM jf:tljstf / dxŒj

— leIf' ;+3/lIft æ;4Dd sf]ljbÆ

lzIfsM af}4 cWoog s]Gb|Lo ljefu, lq=lj=lj=, sLlt{k/'

k[i7e"ld
eujfg\ a'4sf cgGt u'0f, dfgjLo lzIff¿kL wd{sf u'0f /
a'4sf cg'ofoL leIf' ;+3sf kljq u'0f ;Dem]/ lq/Tgk|lt cGtx[bon]
>4fk"js { cfb/–;Tsf/ ug'{ a'4k"hf xf] . cfkm"n] ug'k{ g]{ sfd–
st{Jo k"/f ug',{ ;t\pkb]z >j0f–dgg ug',{ a'4zf;g rL/:yfoL
agfpg s]xL ug'{ klg a'4k"hf xf] . >4fn] ljljw s'/fx¿ ;dk{0f
ug'{ klg a'4k"hf g} xf] .
cla/ / c5]tf 5g'd{ fq k"hf xf]Og, w"k–bLk–k'ikflb g}jB]
r/0fdf ck{0f u'gd{ fq klg k"hf xf]Og . s;}sf] klg ljz]if u'0f
;Dem]/ cfb/–;Tsf/ / ;Ddfg ug',{ bLg–b'MvLnfO{ tg, dg / wgn]
e/;s ;xfotf ug'{ / cfjZostfcg';f/ k|f0f};d]t pT;u{ ug'{
jf:tljs k"hf x]f . nf]sdf d+unsf] ljifodf k|sfz kfg'x{ b“' f eujfg\
a'4n] cf1f ug'{ePsf] 5 – æk"hf r k"hg]øofg+, Pt+ d+un
d'Qd+===Æ cyf{t\ k"hgLo JolQmx¿sf] k"hf ug'{ d+un sfo{ xf] .

a'4k"hfM Ps kl/ro
a'4k"hf eGgfn] d"lt{ k"hf xf]Og . a¿ dfgj s¿0ffn]
el/k"0f{ cgGt u'0fsf vfgL, zfGt k|0fLt af]lwu'0fsf k|ltd"lt{ tyfut
a'4sf] u'0ffg':d/0f ug'{ xf], ;Dk"0f{ b'Mvaf6 d'Qm x'g ;lsg] lxtsf/L
ax'ksf/L wd{sf] u'0ffg':d/0f ug'{ xf] clg eujfg\ a'4sf z'4
cg'ofoL rLj/wf/L cfo{>fjs leIf';3 + sf] cgGt u'0ffg':d/0f ug'{ xf] . o;n] xfd|f] 56\kl6Psf] dgnfO{ zfGt
agfp“5, u¥x'u“ f] dgnfO{ skf;;l/ xn'sf] agfp“5 . lj/Qm dgdf klg ljd'lQmsf] cg'ej x'G5 . b'MvnfO{
e'n]/ ;Gt'i6 aGg;S5 .
a'4k"hfsf] qmddf æOltlk ;f] eujf c/x+===Æ ufyfåf/f :d/0f ul/g] a'4sf u'0fx¿ ;f/f+zdf
o;fg'¿k 5g\ – æpxf“ eujfg\ a'4 cx{t\ x'gx' G' 5, cfo{;To 1fgnfeL x'gx' G' 5, ljBf / cfr/0fn] o'Qm x'gx' G' 5,
/fd|f] dfu{¿kL lgjf{0fdf k'lu;Sg'ePsf] x'gx' G' 5, nf]ssf oyfy{ 1ftf x'gx' G' 5, c1fgLx¿nfO{ cg'zfl;t ug]{
cTo'Qd ;f/yL x'gx' G' 5, b]jflb dg'iosf cfrfo{ x'gx' G' 5, :jo+ af]w eO{ a'4 ePsf x'gx' G' 5 tyflk Sn]z gfz
u/L efUou'0fn] o'Qm ePsf] x'gx' G' 5 .Æ
To:t} æ:jfSvftf] eujtf wDdf]===Æ ufyfåf/f :d/0f ug]{ wd{sf ckf/ u'0fx¿sf ;f/f+z o;k|sf/
5g\ – æ;bfsf nflu lxts/ x'g] eujfg\ a'4åf/f b]lzt of] wd{ xf], b[i6fGt o;} hGddf kmn k|fKt x'g] wd{
xf], ;do glaTb} k|ToIf kmn lbg] wd{
xf], cfpm x]/ egL k/LIf0f ug{ of]Uo wd{
xf], lgjf{0fdf k'¥ofOlbg] wd{ xf], a'l4dfg
hf];s ' n
} ] cfÇgf] cg'ejåf/f x]/L a'emL
lng of]Uo wd{ xf] .Æ
To:t}, æ;'kl6kGgf] eujtf]
;fjs;+ 3 f] = ======Æ ufyfåf/f
u'0ffg':d/0f ug]{ >fjs;+3sf u'0fx¿
;+If]kdf o; k|sf/ 5g\– æeujfg\ a'4sf
>fjs;+3 /fd|/L wdf{r/0f ug]{ x'gx' G' 5,
;f]emf] dfu{df hfg] x'gx' G' 5, Gofo dfu{df
hfg] x'gx' G' 5, uf}/jk"0f{ wd{df nfUg]
x'gx' G' 5 . oL rf/ hf]8L, dfu{ / kmn
k|fKt u/L cf7 k'¿if k'bu\ nx¿ eujfg\
a'4sf >fjs;+3 o:tf x'gx' G' 5– cfb/0fLo, kfx'gf ug{ of]Uo, bfg lbg of]Uo, gd:sf/ ug{ of]Uo Pj+ nf]shgsf
clåtLo k'0oIf]q x'gx' G' 5 .Æ

a'4nfO{ k"hf ;Tsf/sf] sf/0f

eujfg\ a'4nfO{ k"hf–;Tsf/ ug's { f] k|dv ' sf/0f pxf“sf u'0fx¿ klg x'g\ . jf:tjd} pxf“sf cgGt
u'0fx¿ 5g\, h'g n]v/] g n]Vg ;lsG5, g eg]/ elg;fWo g} x'G5 . cfkm" df]Ibftf geP/ cfkm"nfO{ s]jn
dfu{bz{ssf ¿kdf lrgfpg] Pj+ b'Mv / b'Mvaf6 d'lQm h:tf b'O6} s'/f l;sfpg] eujfg\ a'4 zf:qLo geP/
cg'ejL lyP, k/Dk/fjfbL geP/ df}lns ljrf/s lyP, bfz{lgs geP/ k|ToIfbzL{ lyP . sfo{sf/0f
l;4fGtsf kIfkftL tyfut a'4 clgTojfbL, cgfTdjfbL, clgZj/jfbL, cef}ltsjfbL, sd{jfbL, dfgjtfjfbL,
Jojxf/jfbL, af]wjfbL lyP . s§/ l;4fGtjfbL aGg ghfg]sf dxfsf¿l0fs a'4 clt cfsif{s, aQL;
dxfk'¿if nIf0fn] o'Qm o'uk'¿if lyP . >f]tfx¿n] a'‰g;Sg] efiffsf] k|of]u ug],{ :j/ clt uDeL/ t/
k|efjzfnL a'4 ci6nf]s wd{sf csDkf lyP . /fhgLltdf uDeL/ ¿lr glnPtf klg /fHo Joj:yf tfgfzfxL
d'Qm k|hftflGqs x'gk' g]{ wf/0f cleJoQm ug'x{ g' ] a'4 lgZro g} cgGt u'0fx¿ 5g\ .
;fdfGotM a'4nfO{ tnsf % u'0fx¿sf sf/0fn] ubf{ ljåfg\ju{ tyf lzlIft JolQmx¿n] k"hf–;Tsf/
tyf cfb/–uf}/j ug]{ ub{5g\—
!_ pxf“ a'4 zLnjfg\ x'gx' G' 5,
@_ cg'ejaf6 k|fKt 1fgsf] pkb]z ug'x{ G' 5,
#_ pxf“ k|1fjfg\ x'gx' G' 5,
$_ rf/ cfo{;TonfO{ 5n{ªu\ k|sfz kfg'x{ G' 5 /
%_ b'Mvaf6 d'lQm kfpg] af6f] b]vfpg' x'G5 .
a'4k"hf ug]{ ljlwM
lgd{n / lgZrn dgleqsf >4fefj k|1fn] d'Qm
eO{ cleJoQm ug]{ dfWod xf]– a'4k"hf . k/Dk/fb]lv rNb}
cfPsf] cGwljZjf;, cGwelQm, ldYofb[li6 x6fP/ 8/–
qf; / s/sfkaf6 d'Qm eO{ cf–cfkm}n] To;sf] cy{ /
dxTj cjaf]w ug'{ g} cy{k0" f{ pQd k"hf x'g cfp“5 .
;lx tl/sfn] a'4 k"hf ;DkGg ug{ afx\o¿kdf
klg s]xL u'0fx¿ ePsf] x'gk' 5{ . tL cfjZos u'0fx¿
o;k|sf/ pNn]v ePsf 5g\—
!_ sflos z'4tf– cfkm\gf] z/L/nfO{ ;kmf / z'4 ug',{
k"hfsf] a]nf z/L/nfO{ ;+oldt ug',{
@_ dfgl;s z'4tf– sn'lift efjgfnfO{ Tofu]/ :jR5
z'4 dg agfpg',
#_ k"hf b|Ao z'4tf– k"hf ug]{ ;fdu|Lx¿ ;kmf / z'4 x'g,'
$_ :yfg z'4tf– k"hf:yn ;kmf–;'U3/, zfGt k|0fLt jftfj/0f x'g' /
%_ Ol/ofky z'4tf– dgk/L k"hf gu/L 3'8“ f 6]s/] 6fpsf]n] jGbgf u/L k"hf ug'{ k~rf· jGbgf ug'{
a'4nfO{ w"k, bLk, k'ik, kmnkm"n cflb afx\o a:t'x¿dfq r9fP/ c;Ld k"hf ug'e{ Gbf a¿ cfÇgf]
cfr/0f z'4 kf/]/ k|ltklQ k"hf ug{df uf}/j yfGb5g\ af}4x¿ . ta t a'4k"hfs} qmddf k|fy{gf ub{5g\—
æOdfo wDdfg'wDd kl/klQof a'4+ k"h]ld,
Odfo wDdfg'wDd kl/klQof wDd+ k"h]ld,
Odfo wDdfg'wDd kl/klQof ;+3+ k"h]ld .
c4f Odfo kl6klQof hflt h/f Joflw d/0fDxf kl/d'lRr:;fld .Æ
cyf{t—\ wdf{gs
' n
" wdf{r/0fåf/f a'4nfO{===== wd{nfO{==== ;+3nfO{ k"hf ub{5' . o; wdf{gs
' n
"
wdf{r/0fåf/f cjZo klg d hGd, h/f, Aoflw, d/0faf6 d'Qm x'g5 ] .

a'4k"hfsf] dxŒjM
:jefj}n] dfG5] r~rn / sdhf]/ klg 5 . of] dg b'Mv kbf{ cflQG5 / ;'v x'b“ f dflQG5 klg .
cfÇgf] ozsLlt{ km}lnbf“ /dfp“5 t/ ckoz–cksLlt{ km}lnbf“ b'MvL aG5 . nfe x'b“ f JolQm k|km'lNnt x'G5,
ck|flKt jf xfgLdf dg lrlGtt klg x'G5 . lgGbf;“u} dg ¿G5, k|z;+ f;“u} dg k|;Gg x'G5 . o;/L sdhf]/
eP/ kl/jt{glt/ a9L/x]sf] 5 dg . clg dgsf] r~rntf kSs} lxtsf/L sNof0fbfoL 5}g / x'b“ g} klg .
;j{ljlwt} 5, r~rn dgn] s]jn g/fd|f] sfd–s'/fdf ;b}j bf]¥ofO/xG5 .
o;y{, sdhf]/ dgnfO{ b[9 / cljrn agfpg a'4 k"hf ul/G5 . sn'lift b'lift dgnfO{ lgd{n /
kl/z'4 agfpg] k|oTg :j¿k k"hf ul/G5 . k"hgLo pRr JolQmsf cgGt u'0f ofb u/]/, s]xL eP klg
ltgnfO{ Jojxf/df ptf/]/ hLjg kmnLe"t agfpg k"hf ul/G5 .
 a'4n] k|f0fLdfqk|lt s¿0ff /fvL b'Mvd'lQm lgjf{0fsf] af6f]
b]vfpg' eof] t/ pxf“ cfh ;z/L/ xfd|f] ;fd' x'gx' G' 5 . To;sf/0f
a'4d"lt{sf] cfwf/ lnO{ xfdL pxf“sf] u'0f :d/0f ub{5f},+ jGbgf
ub{5f}+ / qmda4 k"hf ub{5f}+ . a'4d"lt{ b]Vbf klg To;} To;}
dfg;k6ndf pxf“sf] dxfs¿0ff dxfk|1fsf] ;Demgf plAhP/
cfp“5 .
xfdL a'4sf] k"hf ub{5f}+ . pxf“nfO{ cfb/–uf}/jn] jGbgf
ub{5f}+ . o;sf] dtna k"hf gugf{n] eujfg\ a'4 l/;fP/ >fk
lbg' xf]nf egL 8/–qf;sf] sf/0f xfdLn] k"hf ul//x]sf xf]Ogf}+ .
k"hfåf/f l/emfP/ k|;Gg k|km'lNnt t'NofP/ dgf]sf+Iff k"0f{ ug{,
a/bfg dfUgsf] lglDt klg xf]Ogf}+ . a¿ pxf“;u“ ePsf w]/} w]/}
u'0fx¿ ljz]iftfx¿ ;DemL–a'emL xfdL >4fn] pxf“sf] k"hf ul//x]sf
5f}+ .
;j{>i] 7 dxfdfgj a'4sf] dxfkl/lgjf{0f eO;s]sf] 5 .
pxf“ ;Dk"0f{ b'Mvaf6 k"0f{tM d'Qm / k'gh{Gd /lxt x'gx' G' 5 . pxf“nfO{ b]j tyf eg'iox¿åf/f k"hf–;Tsf/,
cfb/–uf}/j ul/Ptf klg pxf“ g To;nfO{ :jLsf/ ug'x{ G' 5, g t c:jLsf/ g} ug'x{ G' 5 . oxL g} a'4x¿sf] wd{
xf] . t/ klg a'4nfO{ k"hf u/]/, jf:tljs cy{ hfgL 1fg–/Tgsf] cg'sn " cfr/0f ugf{n] To; k|sf/sf]
k"hfsf] kmn cr"s / ;kmn aGb5 . a'4 gx'b“ f klg pxf“åf/f atfOPsf] d}qL ¿kL zLtntf wf/0f u/]/ dg'io
dfqsf /fu, å]if / df]x¿kL cfuf]nfO{ zfGt ug{ ;lsG5 . k[YjLn] cGg cflb aLpm cfkm"df /f]kg" \ eGg] OR5f
ul//xg hfGb}g, tfklg To;df nufOPsf] aLpmaf6 cGgflb ¿v–la¿jfx¿n] kmnkm"n cflb kmnfp“b5g\ .
To;/L g}, eujfg\ a'4n] k"hfsf] jf:tf gug]{ cyjf :jLsf/ / c:jLsf/ s]xL gug]{ ePtf klg pQm a'4k|lt
>4fn] ul/Psf] k"hf dxfg\ Pj+ kmnbfoL aGb5 . cem To;} k"hfsf] oyfy{ dxTj / leqL 1fg hfg]/ cfÇgf]
cfr/0fdf k|of]u ugf{n] ;Dk"0f{ ejb'Mvaf6 ;d]t 5'6sf/f kfpg ;lsG5 .
hLjgdf s]xL /fd|f] sfd gu/]sf d6\7s'08nLn] clGtd cj:yfdf a'4sf] bz{g u¥of] / To;af6
k|zGg eP/ g} pm b]jnf]sdf pTkGg ePsf] s'/f kfln ;flxTosf] wDdkb c6\7syfdf plNnlvt 5 . To:t},
a'4s} cg'xf/ x]//] /dfPsf cf]SsnL leIf' klg a'4sf] pkb]zåf/f oyfy{ a'em]/ wdf{r/0fåf/f a'4nfO{ k"hf
ub{5, wd{nfO{ /fd|/L hfg]/ a'4nfO{ b]Vb5 clg ;a} b'Mvaf6 d'Qm x'G5 . o;/L g} a'4sf ;dodf w]/} leIf'–
leIf'0fLx¿n] clg w]/} pkf;s–pkfl;sfx¿n] a'4nfO{ ;xL¿kdf k"hf u/]/ b'Mvd'Qm lgjf{0f ;'v k|fKt
u/]sf lyP eg] w]/n } ] dfu{kmn 1fg k|fKt u/]sf lyP .

pk;+xf/
c;Gt'i6 dgnfO{ ;Gt'li6 lbg, czfGt dgnfO{ zfGt ug{, sdhf]/ dgnfO{ alnof] t'Nofpg, sn'lift
dgnfO{ kl/z'4 agfpg xfdLn] eujfg\ a'4sf] k"hf ub{5f}+ . k"hf u/] ;l/ cfÇgf] rl/qdf klg ptf/]/ xfdLdf
s]xL ;'wf/ rflx+ x'gk' 5{, xfd|f] dg, jrg / z/L/sf ljleGg sfo{x¿df kl/z'4tf emlNsg'k5{ . ta dfq,
a'4k"hf ;fy{s x'G5, ;kmn aG5 . c:t' .
000