LS-PrePost Intro 050211

Introduction to LS‐PrePost
Introduction to LS PrePost 3.1
3.1
Jacob Krebs, LSTC May 2, 2011
Table of Contents
S C O
SECTION WORKSHOPS
O S O S
Overview ‐
General Operations Workshop 01
Mesh Generation
Mesh Generation Workshop 02
Workshop 02
Pre‐Processing Workshop 03‐06
Post‐Processing Workshop 07‐08
Command File and Macros Workshop 09
Advanced Applications Workshop 10
Extra Pre Processing Exercises
Extra Pre‐Processing Exercises Workshop 11
Workshop 11
Geometry Workshop 12
Configuration Files ‐
LS‐PrePost Intro | May 2, 2011 ©2011 Livermore Software Technology Corporation 2
Overview
About LS‐PrePost
LS‐PrePost is an advanced pre and post‐processor
designed specifically for LS‐DYNA
LS‐PrePost is developed for Windows and Linux
LS‐PrePost
LS PrePost is Free
is Free
Core Functionality
• FFull support of LS‐DYNA keyword files
ll t f LS DYNA k d fil
• Full support of LS‐DYNA results files
• R b t h dli
Robust handling of geometry data (new CAD engine in 3.0)
f t d t ( CAD i i 3 0)
• Pre‐processing (meshing, model clean‐up, entity creation)
• P
Post‐processing (animation, fringe plotting, curve plotting)
i ( i i fi l i l i )
Online Resources
Official Website
• http://www.lstc.com/lspp
User Group
• http://groups.google.com/group/ls‐prepost
p //g p g g /g p/ p p
Latest Version:
• http://ftp.lstc.com/anonymous/outgoing/lsprepost
http://ftp lstc com/anonymous/outgoing/lsprepost
• ftp://ftp.lstc.com/outgoing/lsprepost
Input / Output
Input (partial list)
• FEM: LS‐DYNA Keyword, Nastran, I‐DEAS Universal,
PAM‐CRASH, RADIOSS
• CAD: IGES, STEP
• ASCII: glstat, matsum, etc…
• Binary: d3plot, binout, etc…
Output (partial list)
• FEM: LS‐DYNA Keyword, Nastran, STL
y , ,
• Image: BMP, GIF, JPEG, PNG, PostScript
• Movie: AVI, MPEG, Animated GIF
, ,
• XY Data: CRV, CSV, XML
• Other: Post.db, Project File
Other: Post.db, Project File
Mouse and Keyboard
Dynamic Model Operation
• Rotate: Shift + Left‐click
• Translate: Shift + Middle‐click
• Zoom: Shift + Right‐click/Scroll‐wheel
(Using Ctrl instead of Shift for edge mode)
G ap cs Se ect o
Graphics Selection
• Pick (single): Left Click
• Area (rectangle): Left
Area (rectangle): Left‐click
click + Drag
+ Drag
• Poly (polygon): Left‐click at corners / Right‐click to finish
List Selection
List Selection
• Multi‐Select: Left‐click + Drag / Ctrl + Left‐click
M
Mouse over controls for status bar help comments
t l f t t b h l t
GUI Layout
Menus Right Toolbar
Fil
File management & preferences
t& f A
Access to pre and post‐processing tools
t d t i t l
Graphics Viewport
Command Line Bottom Toolbar
Input (left) / Output (right)
Input (left) / Output (right) Model rendering controls
Model rendering controls
Transition Tips (version 2.4 to 3.0)
Function Key: F11
• Toggles between v2.4 and v3.0 style user interface
Menu: View > Toolbar > Text & Icon
• Turns on icon labels for bottom and right toolbars
g
Menu: Help > Old to New
• Provides
Provides mapping between v2.4 page interface buttons and
mapping between v2 4 page interface buttons and
v3.0 toolbar icons
Menu: Help > Document
Menu: Help > Document
• Describes new geometry tools
File Menu
Open – Open file (new model created for each file opened)
Import – Import file (adds keyword data to current model)
Recent – Open recent files (stored in /user/.lspp_recent)
Save – Over‐write current Keyword or Project file
Save As – Save any of the following file formats using advanced
options: Keyword, Active Keyword (visible data), Project, Post.db
( d
(condensed d3plot data), Geometry, Keyword and Project
d d3 l t d t ) G t K d d P j t (using same
( i
file name)
Update – Load new d3plots for run in progress
Print – Launch printing interface (send to printer or image file)
Print... Launch printing interface (send to printer or image file)
Movie... – Launch movie generation interface
Exit – Exit LS‐PrePost
Save and Exit – Save data to current file and exit LS‐PrePost
Save and Exit Sa e data to c rrent file and e it LS PrePost
File → Open
LS‐DYNA Binary Plot – d3plot, interface file, or d3thdt
LS‐DYNA Keyword File – ASCII formatted input file
Time History File – d3thdt (after loading d3plot)
Command File – Command session file
Post.db File – Database file (created by cdb=input)
Project File – Project file (pre‐processing)
Interface Force File – Interface force file (post‐processing)
IGES File – Geometry data in IGES format
STEP File – Geometry data in STEP format
Nastran File – Nastran bulk data file
Lsplot File – New LS‐DYNA database format file
Others – Additional input file types
Misc. Menu
View Model Info – Launch model information interface
View Memory Info – Launch memory usage interface
View Message Info – Launch keyword reader message interface
Display Ruler – Launch ruler interface
Set Keyword Title – Launch title interface
Swap Byte On Title – Swap byte order for title
Start Recording Commands – Start/stop recording macro commands
Launch Macro Interface – Launch Macro interface
Manage Command File – Launch command file interface
Execute System Call – Launch system call interface
View Menu
Full Screen (Esc to Exit) – Show graphics area in full screen mode
Background – Set background style (plain, faded, or image)
Geometry Shade – Set geometry rendering style
Element Shade – Set element rendering style
All Element/Geometry – Show all elements/geometry
Ref Geometry – Show reference geometry
Points/Curves/Surfaces – Show points/curves/surfaces
Toolbar – Hide/display toolbars, set text/icon mode, and set font size
Local Axes – Toggle between global/local
Beam Prism – Toggle between line/prism
Smooth Fringe Color – Enable smooth contours (when in fringe mode)
Keep Zout Orientation – Maintain orientation when zooming out
Show Deleted Nodes – Display deleted nodes when viewing results
Show Deleted Elements – Display deleted elements when viewing
results
Result On Screen – Display results on screen when Ident > Show
Results is active (when in fringe mode)
Smooth Shade – Use smooth shading
Record Message – Write messages to lspost.msg
Geometry Menu
Reference Geometry – Access tools for creating and editing
reference geometry (Axis, Plane, Coordinate System, and Point)
Curve – Access tools for creating and editing curves (Point,
Line Circle Circular Arc Ellipse Elliptical Arc BSpline Curve,
Line, Circle, Circular Arc, Ellipse, Elliptical Arc, BSpline Curve
Helix, Composite Curve, Break Curve, Merge Curve, Bridge
Edge, Smooth Curve, Middle Curve, Morphing Curve, Fillet
Curve)
Surface – Access tools for creating and editing surfaces (Plane,
Cylinder, Cone, Sphere, Torus, Fill Plane, Extrude, Revolve,
Sweep, Loft, N‐Side Surface, Patch Surface, Bridge Two Faces,
C bi F
Combine Faces, Fit From Points/Mesh, Middle Surface, Surface
Fi F P i /M h Middl S f S f
Morphing)
Solid – Access tools for creating and editing solids (Box,
Cylinder Cone Sphere Torus Extrude Revolve Sweep Loft
Cylinder, Cone, Sphere, Torus, Extrude, Revolve, Sweep, Loft,
Fillet, Chamfer, Draft, Thicken, Wedge, Boolean)
Geometry Tools – Access other geometry tools (Delete Face,
Extend Curve, Extend Face, Intersection, Offset, Project, j
Replace Face, Stitch Faces, Trim Transform, Copy Entity,
Management, Heal, Topology Simplify, Measure)
FEM Menu
Element and Mesh – Access mesh creation tools (Shape
Mesher, Auto Mesher, Solid Mesher, Block Mesher, N‐Line
Mesher, Tetrahedral Mesher, Blank Mesher, Element
Generation Node Editing Element Editing Mass Trimming
Generation, Node Editing, Element, Editing, Mass Trimming,
Spot Welding, SPH Generation)
Model and Part – Access model and part tools (Assembly and
Select Part, Keyword Manager, Create Entity, Display Entity,
Reference Check, Renumber, Section Plane, Model Selection,
Subsystem Manager, Group, View, Part Color, Appearance,
Annotation, Split Window, Explode, Lighting Setup)
El
Element Tools –
T l Access element tools (Identify, Find, Blank,
A l l (Id if Fi d Bl k
Move or Copy, Offset, Transform, Normals, Detach, Measure,
Morph, Smooth, Part Trim, Part Travel)
Post – Access post‐processing tools (Fringe Component, Fringe
Access post‐processing tools (Fringe Component Fringe
Range, History, XY Plot, ASCII, Binary Output, Follow, Trace,
State, Particle, Circle Grid, Chain Model, FLD, Output, Setting,
Vector)
Favorites – Customizable toolbar (see Setting → Toolbar
Manager)
Application Menu
Airbag Folding
Dummy Positioning
Seatbelt Fitting
Metal Forming
Roller Hemming
ALE Setup
Model Checking
Intrusion Measurements
Head Impact Positioning
Granular Flow Setup
Airbag Impact Setup
Media
Sled Creation
Drop Test
Curve Gen
Setting Menu
Current Subsystem ID – Set current subsystem ID
Current Working Directory – Set current working directory
Configuration Settings – Set configuration settings
Toolbar Manager – Customize toolbars
Help Menu
Document – View LS‐PrePost documentation
Tutorial – View LS‐PrePost tutorials
Old to New – View mapping between old (v2.4) and new (v3.0) GUI
Release Notes – View release notes
Check for Update – Check server for new version of LS‐PrePost
About LS‐PrePost – View version info
Bottom Toolbar
Opti Toggle Title, Legend, Min‐Max, Time Stamp, Triad, ShfCtr Toggle Off/Shift/Ctrl (for one‐handed rotate/pan/zoom)

Background Color, Mesh Color, and Performance Stats on/off Clear Clear all picked or highlighted information
AutCen Automatically center model to fit within window
HidEle Display elements with hidden lines removed ZoIn Zoom in, click and drag to draw a box
ShaEle Display elements in shaded mode with mesh lines off Zout Zoom out to previous zoom position
VieEle Display elements in plain color mode Pcen Pick node as new center point for model rotation
Wi El Display elements in wireframe mode
WirEle Di l l t i i f d VCrd View coordinate systems
View coordinate systems
Feat Display elements in feature line mode (default angle=30°) Top Choose Top, Bottom, Front, Back, Right, or Left view
Edge Display elements in edge line mode
Grid Display each nodal point as a colored pixel Angle Left‐click to reverse rotation direction
Mesh Toggle element mesh on/off Right‐click to modify rotation angle
Shrink Draw elements in shrunken mode (default=0.85) Rotate Left‐click to rotate about axis shown
Right‐click to switch rotation axis (X/Y/Z)
Frin Toggle Fringe/Line‐contours/Iso‐surfaces Persp Toggle Parallel/Perspective view mode
Unref Toggle unreferenced nodes on/off ActAll Restore all entities to be active
Ed G
EdgGeo Di l
Display geometry in shaded mode with edges on
t i h d d d ith d BacCol Toggle background color black/white (Plain background mode only)
Toggle background color black/white (Plain background mode only)
ShaGeo Display geometry in shaded mode with edges off Anim Display animation controls or start/stop animation
WirGeo Display geometry in wireframe mode SelPart Launch Assembly and Select Part interface
ResPart Restore the last removed part (Shift+R)
Plot Open XY plot management interface
General Operations
General Operations
Model → Assembly and Select Part
Purpose: turn parts on/off (on=“active”)
Parts listed by PID and name (or element type)
Top drop‐down menu selects current model
Parts can be turned on/off by element type
Parts can be selected by Single/Area/Polygon
(use Rm/Kp to remove/keep)
Active parts can be Saved/Loaded from buffers
Selected displays active parts only in list
Info button launches Part Information interface
for active parts
SortBy button launches Part Sort interface
Model → Selection → Select
Purpose: switch between loaded models, view multiple
models, perform keyword comparison
Select –
l d l
display selected model(s)
l d d l( )
Trans – translate a model (for visualization only,
useful for side‐by‐side animation)
f l f id b id i ti )
Remove – unload a model
Info –
I f show model summary
h d l
Model → Selection → Compare
Purpose: compare two similar LS‐DYNA keyword input
files that have minor differences
Disregards keyword order, unlike other
d k d d lk h
compare/difference software
Normalizes data to ignore differences below a
N li d t t i diff b l
certain tolerance
Provides a summary only when a large number of
Provides a summary only when a large number of
differences are detected
Model → Groups
Purpose: create part groups
Groups are automatically generated for all
*
*SET_PART that exist in the model
h h d l
Create – create a new group from active parts
Select – load the selected group
Add – add a group to the current display
Subtract – subtract a group from the current display
Save – save groups to an ASCII file
Load – load groups from file
(Save and Load effective for presentations)
Or, And, Xor – used for Adding groups
Auto Center – automatically center the selected
group
Model → Views
Purpose: create views (based on color, appearance,
orientation, and active parts)
Create – create a new view
Select – load the selected view
Delete – delete the selected view
Save – save views to a binary file
Load – load views from file
Model → Appearance
Purpose: modify the appearance of parts
Parts can be selected by Single/Area/Polygon
Each selected part will have the selected rendering
options applied
Thick – draw shells with true thickness
Sphere – draw solid part nodes as spheres (for EFG)
AllVis – selected rendering options are applied to all
active parts
Render buttons are disabled while using Appear
R d b di bl d hil i A
interface
Model → Part Color
Purpose: modify part color and transparency
Set/Show colors for parts or other entities
(b k
(background, text, mesh, labels)
d h l b l)
Sky, Middle, Ground refer to background
( h Vi > B k
(when View > Background > TriFade is selected)
d > T iF d i l t d)
Select color from palette or mix new color using RBG
Fringe colors can also be changed
Fi l l b h d
Model → Annotation
Purpose: annotate Graphics and XY‐Plot windows
Position – interactively position text
Arrow – add fixed arrow
Nd Arrow – add arrow tied to node location
Move – move annotations
Text size, color, and orientation can be adjusted
Annotations can be saved to / loaded from a file
Model → Explode
Purpose: separate (explode) parts for better
visualization
Factor – scale factor for parts movement
l f f
Direction – direction for part movement
All – explode all parts
Part – explode selected parts only
PtGroup – explode a group of parts (defined using
Page 1: Group)
Model → Lighting Setup
Purpose: adjust model and material lighting
Light – adjust model lights
• 2 lights are on by default
Front – position (0.0, 0.0, 1.0)
Back –
Back position (0.0, 0.0, ‐1.0)
position (0 0 0 0 1 0)
• Up to 8 more can be activated
gp p j
• The following properties can be adjusted for each
Ambient
Diffuse
Specular
Position
Material adjust material lighting
Material – adjust material lighting
FEM General Selection
Pick Select a single entity Adjacent Select adjacent elements
Area Select using a rectangular window Attach Select attached elements
Poly Select using an irregular polygon Clear Clear selection
Sel1 Pick 1 entity (only 1 will be in buffer) Save Save selection to buffer
Load Load selection from buffer
Sphe Select entities within a sphere Deselect Undo last selection
Box Select entities within a box Whole Select all entities in model
Prox Select entities within proximity to a part Visible Select all visible entities
Circ Select entities within a circle
Select entities within a circle Reverse Reverse selection
Frin Select entities within a fringe plot range
Plan Select entities within a plane ByNode Select nodes
ByElem Select elements
In Select entities inside Area/Poly ByPart Select parts
Out Select entities outside Area/Poly BySet Set based selection
Add Add entities to a selection set ByEdge Edge based selection
Rm Remove entities to a selection set BySegm Segment based selection
Point Select points
ID Manually key‐in entity IDs
Manually key‐in entity IDs Curve Select Lines
Select Lines
Label Turn label on/off for new selection Surface Select surfaces
3Dsurf Select outer surface (solids only)
Prop Propagate selection (pick seed)
Adap Propagate across adaptive elements
Ang Feature angle for propagation
Element Tools → Identify
Purpose: identify nodes/elements/parts
Uses General Selection interface
Entity types:
• Node, Element, Part, Curve, Surface, Particle, constrained
nodal rigid body (cnrb)
nodal rigid body (cnrb)
Element types:
• Shell
Shell, Solid, Beam, TShell, SPH, Mass, Discrete, Seatbelt,
Solid Beam TShell SPH Mass Discrete Seatbelt
Inertia, Any
Can key in xyz coordinates to show position
Can show node/element results
Can show element directions (shell and beam)
Can show orthotropic material directions
Maximum number of IDs that can be shown is 12800
Element Tools → Blank
Purpose: temporarily hide or “mask” elements
Uses General Selection interface
Entity types:
• Node, Element, CNRB, Curve, Surface, Particle
Element types:
• Shell, Solid, Beam, TShell, SPH, Mass, Discrete, Seatbelt,
Inertia Any
Inertia, Any
UnBlank Part – click to restore partially hidden parts
Auto Apply – blank automatically (no need to click
Auto Apply blank automatically (no need to click
Apply button)
Auto Update – update display of solid surfaces and
Auto Update update display of solid surfaces and
edges automatically (no need to click Update Surf or
Update Edge)
Element Tools → Find
Purpose: find nodes/elements/parts/Cnrb
Find any element by ID or specified type
Show Only – shows found entity by itself
Highlight – highlights found entity
Neighbors – propagates to neighboring elements
UnblankAll – turns on all elements and parts
UnblankPart – turns on all elements in part that
found node/element belongs to
Workshop 1
p
General Operations
Workshop 1
Load and view an LS‐DYNA Keyword file...
Launch a new session of LS‐PrePost
File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword
( l /
(select /workshop1/belted.k)
kh /b l d k)
Click View in the Keyword Reader Error interface
Click Done in the Message interface
Use Shift + Left Click to rotate the model
Click the Auto Center (AutCen) render button (or hit
Ctrl+A)
Cli k h M h / Hid / Vi / Wi / F
Click the Mesh / Hide / View / Wire / Feature / Edge /
/ Ed /
Shrink / BacCol render buttons
Use the part selection interface...
Go to Model → Assembly and Part (SelPart) and select
Go to Model → Assembly and Part (SelPart) and select
individual parts from the list
Use Ctrl + Left Click to select multiple parts
Click All to display all parts
Click All to display all parts
Toggle Beam / Shell / Solid / Disc / SBelt
Workshop 1 (continued...)
Create a part group...
Go to Model → Groups
Click Create (all displayed parts will be saved to “Group_43”)
Go to Model → Assembly and Part (SelPart) and manually turn on
some other parts
Select “Group_43” from the list and click Select
Identify nodes and elements...
Turn on the mesh (using the Mesh render button)
Go to Element Tools → Identify
Select Node in the Identify interface and pick some nodes in the
model to display their IDs
Select Element in the Identify interface and pick some elements
Toggle Elem Dir to display the N1 to N2 direction
Click the Clear render button to clear all highlighted entities
Modify part appearance...
Go to Model → Appearance
Select any one of the drawing modes Hide / Edge / Shad / Wire
Pick some parts in the model
Toggle Thick in the Appearance interface and click AllVis
Click the Zoom In render button (or hit Ctrl+Z) and zoom in on a
shell part to verify that thickness is displayed
Blank some elements...
Go to Element Tools → Blank
Select Area in the General Selection interface and draw a box to
blank some elements
Click Reverse in the General Selection interface
Click Unblank All in the Blank interface
Click the Assembly and Part (SelPart) render button
Select “88 PSHELL” from the list, click the Auto Center (AutCen)
render button, and click Done
d b tt d li k D i th A
in the Assembly and Part interface
bl dP ti t f
Toggle Prop (propagate) in the General Selection interface, select
Ang: 15, and pick an element on the front of the torso
Click Unblank All
Click Unblank All
Create a view...
Go to Model → Views
Click Create (the current view will be saved as “View_01”)
Rotate the model and click Create again
Select “View_01” from the list and click Select
Click the ActAll render button to display the entire model
Find a node and element...
Go to Element Tools → Find and select Show Only
Enter 1439 in the text field and click Find
Click Neighbors several times
Select Node in the Find
Enter 5340 in the text field and click Find
Click Neighbors several times
Click the Clear render button
Go to Model → Assembly and Part (SelPart)
y ( )
Click All
Go to Element Tools → Blank
Click Unblank All
Modify color and transparency...
Go to Model → Part Color (PtColor)
Select Transparency
Pick the roof of the structure and adjust the slider
Select Pick Through and pick through the roof to make
some additional components transparent
Select Pick Toggle and pick the roof again to make it
opaque
Click AllVis and drag the slider to the far left
S l C l
Select Color
Pick a part and adjust its color using the RGB sliders
Select Set and pick some additional parts
Select any color from color map
Click Backg (only works when View > Background >
Plain is selected)
Compare a set of LS‐DYNA Keyword files...
( l /
(select /workshop1/compare/belted1.k)
kh / /b l d k)
(select /workshop1/compare/belted2.k)
G t M d l → S l ti
Go to Model → Selection
Select Compare
Click in the 1st Model field and select model 1
Cli k i h 2 d M d l field and select model 2
Click in the 2nd Model fi ld d l d l2
Click Compare
Compare a set of LS‐DYNA Keyword files...
Select the Common Keywords tab
Examine the RED items to identify differences
Mesh Generation
Mesh Generation
Mesh → Shape Mesher
Purpose: mesh basic geometries
Box_Solid, Box_Shell – define min/max coordinates
and mesh density
d hd
4N‐Shell – define 4 corners and mesh density
Sphere_Solid, Sphere_Shell – define center, radius,
and mesh density (quarter circle)
Cylinder_Solid, Cylinder_Shell –
C li d S lid C li d Sh ll define center,
d fi t
direction, radius, length and mesh density (if number
of elements in circumferential direction is multiple of
of elements in circumferential direction is multiple of
4, butterfly mesh will be create)
Circle_Shell – define outer radius, inner radius (if
, (
hole is desired), angle (to create an arc), mesh
density, and normal direction
Create Position Interface
Purpose: define an XYZ location
By picking a position
By picking a node
At an element center
At an edge midpoint
At the average center of nodes or elements
At the center of a circle
New *NODE can be created
Create Direction Interface
Purpose: define a direction
By picking 2 positions
By picking 2 nodes
Along an element edge
Along an element normal
Direction can be rotated about global or local
coordinate system
New *DEFINE_VECTOR can be created
Mesh → Auto Mesher (Size)
Size mode creates uniformly sized elements
General meshing procedure...
• Select surfaces to be meshed
• Enter average element size
• Click Mesh
Click Mesh
• Click Accept
Mesh → Auto Mesher (Deviation)
Deviation mode is tool mesher for metal stamping
applications
Deviation mode creates small elements on curved
d ll l d
surfaces and large elements on flat surfaces
Mesh → Solid Mesher
Solid meshing by blocks
Uses cut & dice method followed by sweeping
Define cutting planes
Define cutting planes
on geometry
Cut and trim
into small
blocks
Sweep block faces to
form hex elements
Mesh → N‐Line Mesher
Purpose: create mesh from 2/3/4 lines
2 Line Shell – create mesh between 2 lines
• Enter number of elements on each edge
• Or enter element size
• Or use points on lines to create elements
Or use points on lines to create elements
Line Sweep – sweep one line along another line
Mesh → Tetrahedron Mesher
Purpose: create solid elements (tets) inside an enclosed
shell volume
Limitation: only 1 “skin” part is accepted
l “k ” d
Requirement: skin normals must be aligned
Skin can be remeshed to give better solid tet mesh
10‐node tets can also be created
Solid tet mesh can be translated in space
Workshop 2
p
Mesh Generation
Workshop 2
Create a solid cylinder and a shell cylinder...
Go to Mesh → Shape Mesher
Select Entity: Cylinder_Solid
Enter Radius: 5, Length: 10,
Num Ele (Circumferential): 32, Num (Length): 20
Enter XYZ: 0,0,1 for position
Click dirz (set direction to 0,0,1)
Click Create and Accept
Select Entity: Cylinder_Shell
Enter Num Ele: 30 (leave other parameters unchanged)
Enter XYZ: 0,0,‐1 for position
Click dirz again (changes direction to 0,0,‐1)
Activate Top And Bottom
Rotate the model such that you can see the cross‐section of both cylinders
(note the different cross‐sectional mesh of the two parts)
Create a mesh from 4 lines...
File > Open > IGES File
( l /
(select /workshop2/test_4lmesh_curves.igs)
kh / l h i )
Click OK in the IGES Read Options popup
Go to Mesh → N‐Line Mesher
Select Type: 4 Line Shell
Pick the longest curve
Pick the remaining curves in clockwise order
Enter N1: 24 (and hit Enter)
Click Mesh It and Accept
Sweep one line along another...
( l /
(select /workshop2/sweep_lines.igs)
kh / li i )
Select Type: Line Sweep
Select Mesh By: Points of Line
Pick the square line
Pick the attached curve
Sweep one line along another...
Go to Curve → Circle
Select Method: Parameters
Click the “.” button next to Origin Point X
Select Geometry in the Create Position interface
Pick the endpoint of the remaining curve
Enter Direction X Y Z: 1 0 0
Enter Radius: 50 and click Apply
Select Mesh By: Number of elements
Pick the circle and click the up arrow several times to increase N1
Pick the curve and click the up arrow several times to increase N2
Click New PID
Auto mesh an IGES file using Amesh...
( l /
(select /workshop2/bar5.igs)
kh /b i )
Go to Mesh → Auto Mesher
Select Size
Enter Elem Size: 5
Click Visible in the General Select interface
Click Mesh
Click Accept
Click the Wireframe (mesh) render button
Click the Wireframe (geom) render button
Create a hollow cylinder using the block mesher...
Go to Mesh → Block Mesher
Select Type: Butterfly Blocks
Enter Length: 20
Enter L: 10
Activate Is Tubal
Enter Inner R: 4
Click Create
Rotate the model and note the synchronization
between the main window and Computation Window
Highlight (by clicking and dragging over) the faces,
lines, and vertices in the Computation Window to see
how the 4 blocks are assembled to form the cylinder
Click Accept
Mesh a part using the solid mesher...
File > Open > STEP File
( l /
(select /workshop2/knuckle.stp)
kh /k kl )
Go to Geometry Tool → Heal
(to remove unnecessary vertices)
S l tV t
Select Vertex
Select Remove
Click Analysis (see figure)
Cli k A l
Click Apply
Go to Geometry Tool → Simplify
Select Fillet Surface Remove
Pick the small surfaces (see figure)
Click Apply
Go to Reference Geometry → Plane
Select Method: Normal to Curve
Pick an edge and a vertex to define a trimming plane
(see figure)
Click Apply
Repeat 3 times
(to create a total of 4 trimming planes)
Go to Geometry Tool → Trim
Select Cut Solid
Click in the Trim Tool box
Pick a trim plane
Click in the Be Trimmed Solid box
Pick the solid part
Click Apply
Repeat 4 times
(to trim the solid into a total of 6 parts)
Go to Geometry Tool → Heal
(to remove duplicated faces)
Select Face
l
Click Analysis
Click Apply
Go to Geometry Tool → Stitch
Activate All Faces
Activate Non‐manifold Mode
Deactivate Group by Part
Click Apply
Right‐click RefGeom under Assembly 1 in the feature
tree (upper left corner of main window) and select
Reverse Blank
Reverse Blank
Go to Mesh → Solid Mesher
(to suppress unwanted boundaries)
Select Suppress
Select Suppress
Pick unwanted boundary lines
(see dashed lines in figure)
Select Meshing
Select Meshing
Enter Elem Size: 1.2
Click Try Meshing Automatically
Click Accept
Click Accept
Pre Processing
Pre‐Processing
Mesh → Element Editing
Purpose: modify an existing mesh by editing elements
Element Editing Tools
• Check (quality)
• Create (beam, shell, tetra, penta, hexa, discrete)
• Delete
• Split / Merge
• y( )
Modify (thickness)
• Direction (change for orthotropic materials)
Mesh → Element Editing (Split/Merge)
Shell elements can be split into quads or trias
(*CONSTRAINED_ADAPTIVITY automatically created
when splitting deformable elements)
when splitting deformable elements)
Two quads can be merged into a single quad
S lid l
Solid elements can also be split
t l b lit
Mesh → Node Editing
Purpose: modify an existing mesh by editing nodes
Node Editing Tools
• Identify
• Create
• Delete (unreferenced)
Delete (unreferenced)
• Replace
• g
Align
• Modify (xyz coordinates)
Mesh → Node Editing (Align)
Define line by picking two points
Select nodes that will be snapped to the line
Option to use Nodes or Point on Element
Mesh → Node Editing (Replace)
Two nodes replacement
• Merge two nodes into one
• Option to choose final position of merged node
O ti t h fi l iti f d d
(Node1, Node2, MidPoint)
• Single pick or area select
g p
Multiple (Many) nodes replacement
• Merge multiple nodes into one
• Option to choose final position of merged node
(Center, Node, Position)
• General Selection interface used to select nodes
General Selection interface used to select nodes
Element Tools → Normals
Purpose: show/reverse/align element normals
Shell color indicates direction of normals
General Selection interface can be used to manually
show or reverse normal vectors
Automatic alignment (Auto Reverse) can be
performed by picking a “seed” element
Element Tools → Detach
Purpose: detach elements from an existing mesh
Shell, Beam, Solid, Tshell – detach elements by type
Node – detach all elements connected to a node
Element – Select group of elements to be detached
Edge – Select edges of elements to be detached
Starting NID – Enter starting ID for new nodes
Element Tools → Duplicate Nodes
Purpose: show and merge duplicate (coincident) nodes
Tolerance is automatically calculated but can be
overridden
dd
Click Show Dup Nodes then Merge Dup Nodes
Option to keep smaller or larger Node ID
Option to put new node at the xyz centroid of all
merged nodes
d d
Option to delete degenerated elements (elements
with zero area)
with zero area)
Mesh → Element Generation (Beam)
Purpose: create beam elements
On an edge
On a curve
By dragging nodes
By spinning nodes
Along shell diagonals
Mesh → Element Generation (Shell)
Purpose: create shell elements
On all outer surfaces of a solid
On individual solid faces
By dragging an edge
By spinning an edge
By extending an edge
By dragging a curve
By spinning a curve
From a segment set
By filling holes
Mesh → Element Generation (Solid)
Purpose: create solid elements
By dragging shells
By offsetting shells
By spinning shells
Using shell thickness
By sweeping shells along a path
Between two shells sets
(must have identical mesh connectivity)
4‐noded tet to 10‐noded tet
Hex to 4‐noded tet
Workshop 3
p
Pre‐Processing
Workshop 3
Merge duplicate nodes...
File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword (select /workshop3/badmesh.k)
Go to Element Tools → Duplicate Nodes and turn on the mesh
(using the Mesh render button)
Activate Show Free Edges
Click Show Dup Nodes (see upper right figure)
Click Merge Dup Nodes
Click Accept
Enter Tolerance: 1.0
Click Show, Merge, and Accept
Replace nodes...
Go to Mesh → Node Editing
Select Replace
Select Area and MidPoint
Select two nodes at a time for merging (by drawing a window)
Click Accept
Repeat until all internal free edges have been eliminated
Create a tria element...
Go to Mesh → Element Editing
Select Create
Select Elem Type: Shell
Activate PID and pick the part
Activate Tria Only
Pick the 3 nodes to fill the final gap in the part
Click Accept
Align nodes along a line...
Select Align
Click the Right render button
Click the Zoom In render button and zoom in as shown
Pick 2 nodes to form a line
Pick the nodes in between
Click Align
Click Accept
Split elements...
Select Split/Merge
Pick the elements around the hole as shown
Click Apply
Click Accept
Fill a hole...
Go to Mesh → Element Generation
Select Shell
Select Shell By: Fill_Holes
Pick any node on the perimeter of the hole
Click Create
Click Accept
Align shell normals...
Go to Element Tools → Normals
Select Show Normals (should be already selected)
Click Visible in the General Selection interface
Select Vector Size: 0.5
Select Auto Reverse
Activate Pick Seed
Pick any element that is red
Click AutoRev
Click Done
Save the modified input file...
File > Save As > Save Keyword As...
Click Browse
Enter a file name (save as /workshop3/newmesh.k)
Click Save
Pre‐Processing
g
(continued…)
Application → Model Checking
Purpose: identify and clean unreferenced or undefined entities
Model → Display Entity
Purpose: visualize model entities (keywords) other than
nodes and elements (which are displayed by default)
Available options include…
l bl l d
• *BOUNDARY_{OPTION}
• *CONSTRAINED {OPTION}
*CONSTRAINED_{OPTION}
• *INITIAL_VELOCITY_{OPTION}
• _{
*LOAD_{OPTION} }
• *RIGIDWALL_{OPTION}
• *SET_{OPTION}
Use while post‐processing by loading d3plots
followed by the corresponding keyword file
Model → Reference Check (Attach)
Purpose: identify entities that are attached to other
model entities
Initial attachment set can be all visible or as selected
l h b ll bl l d
(using General Selection interface)
Attachment set can grow By Part or By Element
Att h t t B P t B El t
Final attachment set can be written to a file
Model → Renumber
Purpose: renumber and offset model entities
By Keyword – Entities can be renumbered/offset by
Keyword d
• ID range can be specified
• Entities can be picked using the General Selection interface
Entities can be picked using the General Selection interface
By Part – Parts/Elements/Nodes can be
renumbered/offset by Part
renumbered/offset by Part
By Selected – Parts/Elements/Nodes can be
renumbered/offset by Selected
/ y
Element Tools → Move/Copy
Purpose: move or copy elements from one part to
another
Use General Selection interface to select elements
l l f l l
Target part can be a non‐existent
Starting IDs for new elements and nodes can be
specified when performing a copy
Element Tools → Offset
Purpose: offset shells (always in normal direction)
Offset Distance – distance to offset
Element normals must be aligned before offsetting
Beware of offsetting small radii inward
Elements can be copied while offsetting
Element Tools→ Transform (Translate)
Purpose: translate nodes/elements/parts
Translate Distance – distance to translate
X,Y,Z directions can be in global or local coordinates
N1‐N2 – translate in the direction from N1 to N2
N1‐N2‐N3 – translate in the direction normal to the
plane formed by N1, N2, and N3
N1‐to‐N2 – translate using the distance and direction
between N1 and N2
Pt‐to‐Pt –
P P translate using the distance and direction
l i h di d di i
between P1 and P2
Sh‐Normal –
Sh Normal pick a shell element and use its normal
pick a shell element and use its normal
as the direction of the translation
Element Tools→ Transform (Translate)
Copy Elem – copy elements while translating
Copy Node – copy nodes while translating
Transfer – transfer selection to copied elements
Multiple copies can be created
New elements can be placed in a new part ID
User can enter starting element ID for new elements
User can enter starting node ID for new nodes
Element Tools→ Transform (Rotate)
Purpose: rotate nodes/elements/parts
Rot. Angle – angle to rotate
X,Y,Z axes can be in global or local coordinates
N1‐N2 – rotate about an axis from N1 to N2
N1‐N2‐N3 – rotate about the normal formed by N1,
N2, and N3
Origin of rotation can be a node or an XYZ location
Elements/Nodes can be copied while rotating
Element Tools→ Transform (Reflect)
Purpose: reflect nodes/elements/parts
Norm X/Y/Z – reflect along global axes
N1‐N2 – reflect along the direction from N1 to N2
N1‐N2‐N3 – reflect along the normal formed by N1,
N2, and N3
Origin of reflection can be a node or an XYZ location
Elements/Nodes can be copied while reflecting
Element Tools→ Transform (Project)
Purpose: project nodes and elements
Norm X/Y/Z – project along global axes
N1‐N2 – project along the direction from N1 to N2
N1‐N2‐N3 – project along the normal formed by N1,
N2, and N3
Can also project To Mesh, To Curve, or To Surface
Point on plane of projection can be a node or an XYZ
location
Elements can be copied while projecting
El b i d hil j i
Element Tools→ Transform (Scale)
Purpose: scale nodes/elements/parts
Scale Factor – greater than 1 to enlarge, less than 1
to shrink (when using Scale Up)
h k( h l )
X,Y,Z – scale in any combination of global directions
N1‐N2 – scale in direction from N1 to N2
N1‐N2‐N3 – scale in direction of normal formed by
N1 N2 d N3
N1, N2, and N3
Origin can be a node or an XYZ location
Elements/Nodes can be copied while scaling
El /N d b i d hil li
Element Tools→ Transform (Transform)
Purpose: transform nodes/elements/parts from one
coordinate system to another
From – pick 3 nodes (first set of P1,P2,P3) to define a
k d (f f ) d f
starting system
To –
T pick 3 nodes (second set of P1,P2,P3) to define a
i k3 d ( d t f P1 P2 P3) t d fi
destination system
P1‐P3 buttons launch Create Position interface
P1 P3 buttons launch Create Position interface
Elements can be copied while transforming
Element Tools → Smooth
Purpose: smooth a mesh to improve element quality
Use General Selection interface to select elements
Specified nodes can be locked to prevent movement
Nodes along feature angles are not moved
Boundary nodes can be fixed or free
User specified number of smoothing iterations can
be applied
Nodes can be projected back to geometry after
smoothing
hi
Element Tools → Part Trim
Purpose: trim a mesh using a curve
Parts – first, choose the parts to be trimmed
Trim Curves – second, select curves for trimming
Trim Methods (projecting curves to mesh)...
• Closest 3D projection
• Vector projection (along a specified vector)
Workshop 4
p
Mesh Transformation
Workshop 4
Create nodes at circle centers...
( l /
(select /workshop4/tube1.k)
kh / b k)
Click the Wire render button
Select Create
Click Advanced
Select 3PtCircle in the Create Position interface
At one end of the large tube, pick 3 nodes on the
perimeter and click Apply
Repeat for the other end of the large tube and both
ends of the small t be
ends of the small tube
Click Cancel in the Create Position interface
Click Accept
Transform a mesh...
Go to Element Tools → Transform
Select Transform
Activate From
Pick one center node of the small tube (as P1)
Pick the other center node of the small tube (as P2)
Pick any node on the end of the tube near P1 (as P3)
Activate To and repeat the same for the large tube
(P1‐P3 must be picked in a similar sequence)
Select ByPart in the General Selection interface
Pick the small tube
Click Save → To Buffer → Buffer5 in the General
Selection interface
Click Transform
Click Accept
Translate a mesh...
Select Translate
Select Direction: N1‐N2
Pick both center nodes of the large tube
(to define Node1 and Node2)
Enter Translate Distance: 20
Click Load → From Buffer → Buffer5 in the General
Selection interface
Cli k T
Click Tran +
Click Accept
Save the modified input file...
Click Browse
Enter a file name (save as /workshop4/newtube.k)
Click Save

Pre‐Processing
g
(continued…)

Model → Part Data
Show – Show / Delete / Write part data
• Parts can be selected using Pick / Area / Poly or from the list
• Number of nodes and elements and Min/Max IDs are shown
N b f d d l t d Mi /M ID h

Model → Part Data
Cre – Create new part definitions
• NewID – take existing data and create new part ID
• Add –
Add create new part with no data (SECID, MID, etc...)
t t ith d t (SECID MID t )

Model → Part Data
Mod – Modify existing part definitions
• Changes can be made to one part at a time

Model → Part Data
Assign – Assign properties to parts
• Changes can be made any number of parts at once
• Empty fields are not assigned
E t fi ld t i d

Model → Part Data
Prop – Review part properties (Section, Material, Hourglass, …)
• Modify – open a keyword input form for editing
• RefBy –
R fB show all parts that reference the selected property
h ll t th t f th l t d t

Model → Create Entity → Set Data
Show *SET_{OPTION}
Create *SET_{OPTION}
• OPTIONS – NODE, BEAM, DISCRETE, PART,
SEGMENT, SHELL, SOLID, THICK SHELL
• Select entities using General Selection interface
Select entities using General Selection interface
Modify *SET_{OPTION}
• Sets must be shown before they can be modified
y
Delete *SET_{OPTION}
Write *SET_{{OPTION} to a file
}

Boundary → Spc
Show *BOUNDARY_SPC_{OPTION}
• Label – None/Symbol/Detail
• Local coordinate systems will be shown if used
L l di t t ill b h if d
• Match – Filter by constrained DOFs
Create *BOUNDARY
Create BOUNDARY_SPC_{OPTION}
SPC {OPTION}
• OPTIONS – NODE, NODE_SET
• Use General Selection interface to select nodes
• Activate constrained DOFs
• Use global or local coordinate system
Modify *BOUNDARY_SPC_{OPTION}
Delete *BOUNDARY_SPC_{OPTION}

Initial → Velocity
Show *INITIAL_VELOCITY
Create *INITIAL_VELOCITY
• For *INITIAL_VELOCITY_NODE only
Modify *INITIAL_VELOCITY
M dif *INITIAL VELOCITY
Delete *INITIAL_VELOCITY

Rigidwall → Rigidwall
Show *RIGIDWALL_{OPTION}
Create *RIGIDWALL_{OPTION}
• OPTIONS – GEOMETRIC, PLANAR
• Select geometry type
(cylinder/flat/prism/sphere)
• Activate additional planar options
(finite/forces/moving/ortho)
• Define position and normal direction
Modify *RIGIDWALL_{OPTION}
Delete *RIGIDWALL_{OPTION}

Database → Cross Section
Show *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_{OPTION}
Create *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_{OPTION}
• OPTIONS – PLANE, SET
• Define position and normal direction
Modify *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_{OPTION}
M dif *DATABASE CROSS SECTION {OPTION}
Delete *DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION_{OPTION}

Database → History
Show *DATABASE_HISTORY_{OPTION}
Create *DATABASE_HISTORY_{OPTION}
• OPTIONS – NODES, BEAM, SHELL, SOLID, SPH, TSHELL
• Use General Selection interface to select entities
Modify *DATABASE_HISTORY_{OPTION}
M dif *DATABASE HISTORY {OPTION}
Delete *DATABASE_HISTORY_{OPTION}

Define → Box
Show *DEFINE_BOX_{OPTION}
Create *DEFINE_BOX_{OPTION}
• OPTIONS – ADAPITVE, COARSEN
• Define box extents
• Translate or scale box
Translate or scale box
Modify *DEFINE_BOX_{OPTION}
Delete *DEFINE
Delete DEFINE_BOX_{OPTION}
BOX {OPTION}

Define → Vector
Show *DEFINE_VECTOR
Create *DEFINE_VECTOR
• Define origin and direction
Modify *DEFINE_VECTOR
Delete *DEFINE_VECTOR

Define → Coordinate System
Show *DEFINE_COORINATE_{OPTION}
Create *DEFINE_COORINATE_{OPTION}
• OPTIONS – NODES, SYSTEM, VECTOR
• Define title
• Pick nodes or define vectors
Pick nodes or define vectors
• Set additional parameters
• y g y
Modify an existing coordinate system
Modify *DEFINE_COORINATE_{OPTION}
Delete *DEFINE_COORINATE_{{OPTION}}

Element → Seatbelt Accelerometer
Show *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER
Create *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER
• Pick N1‐N3
• Set other flags
Modify *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER
M dif *ELEMENT SEATBELT ACCELEROMETER
Delete *ELEMENT_SEATBELT_ACCELEROMETER

Element → Mass
Show *ELEMENT_MASS
• Label – Mass Value/Mass ID/Detail/None
Create *ELEMENT_MASS
*
• Enter mass value
Enter mass value
• Activate PID option
Modify *ELEMENT
Modify ELEMENT_MASS
MASS
Delete *ELEMENT_MASS

Constrained → Spotweld
Show *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD
Create *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD
• Use Autocreate to create when N2 is picked
• Enter failure criteria
Modify *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD
M dif *CONSTRAINED SPOTWELD
Delete *CONSTRAINED_SPOTWELD
CD l t ( h k d d l t ) i lid
CDelete (check and delete) invalid spotwelds
t ld

Constrained → Generalized Weld Spot
Show *CONSTRAINED_GEN_WELD_SPOT
Create *CONSTRAINED_GEN_WELD_SPOT
• Click EditPara to define failure parameters
Modify *CONSTRAINED_GEN_WELD_SPOT
M dif *CONSTRAINED GEN WELD SPOT
Delete *CONSTRAINED_GEN_WELD_SPOT

Constrained → Tied Nodes Failure
Show *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE
Create *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE
• Enter failure strain
Modify *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE
M dif *CONSTRAINED TIED NODES FAILURE
Delete *CONSTRAINED_TIED_NODES_FAILURE

Constrained → Rivet
Show *CONSTRAINED_RIVET
Create *CONSTRAINED_RIVET
• Use Autocreate to create when N2 is picked
• Enter death (failure) time
Modify *CONSTRAINED_RIVET
M dif *CONSTRAINED RIVET
Delete *CONSTRAINED_RIVET

Constrained → Node Set
Show *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET
Create *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET
• Set active DOF
• Enter death (failure) time
Enter death (failure) time
Modify *CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET
Delete *CONSTRAINED
Delete CONSTRAINED_NODE_SET
NODE SET

Constrained → Nodal Rigid Body (CNRB)
Show *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY
Create *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY
• OPTION – SPC
• Set additional flags
Set additional flags
Modify *CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY
Delete *CONSTRAINED
Delete CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY
NODAL RIGID BODY

File → Import (Combine Keyword Files)
Each keyword file defines a subsystem
Import Offset causes all entity IDs to by automatically
p y y y
offset by largest ID currently in use
Import NoOffset performs no offsetting (use with
Import NoOffset performs no offsetting (use with
caution)
Setting Offset allows custom offsetting based on
Setting Offset allows custom offsetting based on
keyword type (see next slide)

File → Import (Combine Keyword Files)
Setting Offset interface

Model → Keyword Manager
All LS‐DYNA keywords are accessible
through Keyword Manager tree list (over
900 total)
Keywords that exist in the current model
y
are shown in Blue
Click All to display all keywords (or click
Click All to display all keywords (or click
Model to display only those that exist in
the current model)
the current model)
Expand the tree and double‐click to edit a
keyword (opens Keyword Input Form)
keyword (opens Keyword Input Form)

Keyword Input Form
Example Keyword Input form for *PART
Keyword type List of existing keywords of this type

Keyword Input Form (continued...)
Keyword Input form buttons
Always click first when creating a new card
Always click first when creating a new card Commit changes
Commit changes
Draw entity in the graphics window
Delete/Undelete
Popup RefBy interface
selected keyword
Open interface to pick
p p Set all entries to
data directly from model Default values
Create fresh keyword Exit keyword editing form
using default values
g

Keyword Input form controls
Card Number
Parameter Names Link Button
Parameter Values Drop‐down Menu

Other Keyword Input form features
• Blue parameter titles can be clicked to display description in
bottom text area (see below)
• Red parameters indicate that additional cards may be
displayed depending on the parameter value
User comments can be entered here
Click in any field above to display description here
Click in any field above to display description here
(same information found in LS‐DYNA Keyword Manual)

File → Save Keyword As…
Output Version – 960/970/971
(only change if using an old
version of LS‐DYNA)
Renumber/Offset –
/ can
renumber or offset before
savingg
BySubSystem – activate to save
subsystems to separate files (not
subsystems to separate files (not
visible unless model contains
subsystems)
Advanced... – additional options
(see next slide)
(see next slide)
Advanced Settings Interface
Keyword order can be customized
Keywords can be selectively omitted
y y
Title, Field Names, and Comments can be omitted
Parameter names can be output instead of actual values
Parameter names can be output instead of actual values

File → Save Active Keyword As…
Output Version – 960/970/971
(only change if using an old
version of LS‐DYNA)
Keywords can be selectively
y y
output using the Advanced
g
Setting interface

Workshop 5
Create a Keyword File
C K d Fil
(Ball to Plate Impact)

Workshop 5
Mesh a plate from IGES data...
( l /
(select /workshop5/plate.igs)
kh / l i )
Enter Elem Size: 15
Pick the surface in graphics area
Click Mesh
Click Accept
Mesh a sphere...
Select Entity: Sphere_Solid
Enter Radius: 50
Enter Density: 6
Enter Center Z: 55
Enter Target Name: ball

Define plate material...
Go to Model → Keyword Manager
Select All
Expand MAT
Select Sort: Type
Double‐click “024‐PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY”
Click NewID in the Keyword Input Form
Enter TITLE: plate material
Enter RO: 7.8e‐6
Enter E: 200.0
Enter PR: 0.3
Enter SIGY: 0.2
Enter ETAN: 2.0
Enter FAIIL: 0.1
Click Accept
p
Click Done

Define plate section...
Expand SECTION
Double‐click “SHELL”
Enter TITLE: plate section
Enter NIP: 5
Enter T1: 1.5 (and hit the Enter key)
Click Accept
Click Done
Import ball properties (material and section)...
File > Import > LS‐DYNA Keyword (select /workshop5/ball_properties.k)
Click Import Offset in the Import File interface

Assign plate properties...
Go to Model → Part Data
Select Mod
Select “S 1 SHELL1” from the list
Enter Part Title: plate
Click SECID
Select “1 plate section” in Link SECTION interface
Click Done in Link SECTION interface
Click MID
Select “1 plate material” in Link MAT interface
Click Done in Link MAT interface
Click Accept

Assign ball properties...
Expand PART
Double‐click “PART”
Select “2 ball” in the Keyword Input Form
Click the Link Button next to the SECID field
Select “2 ball section” in Link SECTION interface
Click Done in the Link SECTION interface
Click the Link Button next to the MID field
Select “2 ball material” in Link MAT interface
Click Done in the Link MAT interface
Click Accept
Click Done

Create plate boundary SPCs...
Go to Model → Create Entity
Expand Boundary
Select Spc
Select Cre
Create Set
Activate X, Y, and Z
Select Area in the General Selection interface
Click and drag to select all plate edge nodes
(select nodes on each edge separately)
Click Apply

Create ball initial velocity...
Expand Initial
Select Velocity
Select Cre
Enter Vz: ‐20
Select Pick in the General Selection interface
Pick the ball
Click Apply
Click the Left render button

Create part set for contact...
Expand Set Data
Select *SET_PART
Select Cre
Enter Title: contact
Click Apply
Define contact...
Expand CONTACT
Double‐click “AUTOMATIC_SINGLE_SURFACE”
Set SSTYP: 2
Click the Link Button next to the SSID field
Select “1 contact” in the Link SET interface
Click Done in the Link SET interface
Click Accept
Click Done

Set termination time...
Expand CONTROL
Double‐click “TERMINATION”
Enter ENDTIM: 10 in the Keyword Input Form
Click Accept
Click Done
Set d3plot frequency...
Expand DATABASE
Double‐click “BINARY_D3PLOT”
Enter DT: 1 in the Keyword Input Form
Click Accept
Click Done

Set ASCII output frequency...
Expand DATABASE
Double‐click “ASCII_option”
Enter Default DT: 0.1 (and hit the Enter key)
Scroll down and activate GLSTAT (global statistics)
Set BINARY: 3 for GLSTAT
Activate MATSUM (material summary)
Click Accept
Click Done
Save keyword file...
Click Browse (save as /workshop5/ball_and_plate.k)
Click Advanced…
Click Customize Order: Expert
Click Ok in the Advanced Setting interface
g
Click Save in the Save Keyword interface

Workshop 6
Create a Keyword File
C K d Fil
(S‐Rail to Rigidwall Impact)

Workshop 6
Import and mesh IGES surfaces...
File > Open > IGES File (select /workshop6/channel.igs)
Enter Elem Size: 6
Click Mesh
Click Accept
Go to Geometry Tool → Manage
Click Delete in the Geometry Management interface
File > Import > IGES File (select /workshop6/flat.igs)
Click Mesh
Click Accept
Turn on the mesh (using the Mesh
( g render button))

Workshop 6
Define section property...
Select All
Expand SECTION
Double‐click “SHELL”
Enter TITLE: 1.0mm
Enter ELFORM: 16
Enter T1: 1.0 (and hit the Enter key)
Click Accept
Click Done

Define material property...
Expand MAT
Select Sort: Type
Double‐click “024‐PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY”
Enter TITLE: Mild Steel
Enter RO: 7.83e‐6
Enter E: 207.0
Enter PR: 0.3
Enter SIGY: 0.2
Enter ETAN: 2.0
Click Accept
Click Done

Assign section and material...
Go to Model → Part Data
Select Assign
Click All
Click SECID
Select “1.0mm” in the Link SECTION interface
Click Done in Link SECTION interface
Click MID
Select “Mild Steel” in the Link MAT interface
Click Done in Link MAT interface
Click Apply
Select Show

Add mass to end of rail...
Click the Top render button
Click the ZoIn render button and zoom in on the right end of the rail
Expand Element
Select Mass
Select Cre
Enter Mass: 2.0
Click and drag to select 1 row of nodes along the end of the rail
Click Apply
Create constraints at end of rail...
Expand Boundary
Select Spc
Select Cre
Activate Y, Z, RX, RY, and RZ (everything except X)
Click and drag to select all nodes where masses were added
g
Click Apply

Create initial velocities at end of rail...
Expand Initial
Select Velocity
Select Cre
Enter Vx: ‐10.0
Select all nodes where SPCs were added
Click Apply
Create a rigid wall...
Expand Rigidwall
Select Rigidwall
Select Cre
Select Planar
Select NX (you may have to scroll down)
Pick any node at the left end of the rail
y
Select Tran
Select X/L and enter Distance: 10
Click Tran ‐
Click Apply

Create welds using a master weld file...
Go to Mesh → Spot Welding
Select Format: Primer (from the drop‐down menu)
Click Open (select /workshop6/welds.spot)
Select Properties: File
Click Browse (select /workshop6/spot.conf)
Click Create
Click the Wire render button to see weld locations
Click Accept
Set termination time...
Expand CONTROL
Double‐click “TERMINATION”
Enter ENDTIM: 10 in Keyword Input Form
Click Accept
p
Click Done

Set d3plot frequency...
Expand DATABASE
Double‐click “BINARY_D3PLOT”
Enter DT: 1 in Keyword Input Form
Click Accept and Done
Set ASCII output frequency...
Double‐click “ ASCII_option”
Enter Default DT: 0.1 (and hit the Enter key)
Activate GLSTAT
Activate MATSUM
Activate SWFORC (spotweld forces)
Click Accept and Done
Save keyword file...
Click Browse (save as /workshop6/srail.k)
( p )
Click Save in the Save Keyword interface

Post Processing
Post‐Processing

Animation Interface
The Animation controls are displayed when d3plots are
loaded. If the animation interface is closed, it can be
restored by clicking the Anim render button.
Final State
Final State States per Increment
States per Increment
Initial State Eigen SF Loop / Play Once
Activate Eigen
Mode Animation
Control State
Control State Current State
Current State Control Speed
Control Speed
Current Time

Post → Fringe Component
Purpose: to select a component for fringing
Stress – regular stress components
Ndv
Nd – nodal displacements and velocities
d l di l t d l iti
Result – resultant stress components
Strain –
Strain regular strain components
regular strain components
Misc – pressure, temp, shell thickness, etc...
Infin / Green / Almans
/ Green / Almans – infinitesimal, Green
infinitesimal Green‐St
St.
Venant, and Almansi strains
S.Rate – strain rates
Residu – residual elastic strains
FLD – forming limit diagram strain components
Beam – beam element forces and stress resultants
CFD – Navier‐Stokes fluid components

Post → Fringe Component (continued...)
Frin – choose rendering type
• Frin – default fringing
• I
Isos – i
iso‐surfaces for solid
f f lid
• Lcon – line contours
• XFrn – fringe max value across all surfaces
XFrn fringe max value across all surfaces
• FMes – fringe color on the mesh
• Expr – user define expression
Max – location of shell surfaces
• Low / Mid / Upp – lower, mid‐plane, and upper
• Max / Ave / Min – maximum, average, minimum
• Ipt – shell integration point
• Bpt – beam integration point
Bpt – beam integration point
Glob – coordinate system
• Glob / Loca
Glob / Loca – global or local
global or local

Post → Fringe Range
Purpose: control fringe and iso‐surface ranges
Dynamic – min/max adjusted for each time state
Static – same min/max for all the states
User – custom min/max for all the states
Show – show elements within the specified range
Entire Model – legend based on entire model
Active Parts Only – legend based on displayed parts
Active Elements Only – legend based on displayed
elements only

Post → Fringe Range (continued...)
Reverse Colors – reverse legend colors
Ident Min / Max – identify min and max elements by
ID (user defines number of entities to identify)
( d f b f d f )
Lower / Upper – set color for out‐of‐range elements
Levels – customize number of fringe levels
Palette – allows colors to be modified

Post → History
Purpose: plot time history data (from d3plots)
Global – energies and kinematic data for full model
Part – energies and kinematic data for parts
Nodal – kinematic data for nodes
Element – stress and strain data for elements
• Value – set to element value or min/max value for the part
• E‐Type – choose element type to plot history
• E‐Axes – global or local
• Surface – choose shell location (through‐thickness)
Surface choose shell location (through‐thickness)
Int Pt – integration point data
Scalar – plot scalar value that is being fringed
Scalar plot scalar value that is being fringed
(choose component in Fcomp interface)

Post → History (continued...)
Standard plotting options...
• Plot – plot selected value in current Plot Window
• N
New – plot selected value in new Plot Window
l t l t d l i Pl t Wi d
• Padd – add selected value to current Plot Window
• Raise – bring forward all open plot windows
Raise bring forward all open plot windows
• Pop – open and bring forward all closed plot windows
Interfaces that use these plot functions...
p
• History
• XYPlot
• ASCII
• Binout
• FLD
• Measure
• Section > Force

Plot Window
Title – modify main, axis, legend, and curve titles

Plot Window (continued...)
Title – used to modify main, axis, legend, and curve titles
Attr – modify curve attributes (symbol, color, width, style)

Filter – filter curves (SAE, Butterworth, COS, etc...)
Save – write curves to file (.crv, Keep, XY Pairs, .csv, .xml)

Oper – perform curve operations (integrate, sum, invert, etc...)

New Plot Interface
New XYPlot
interface puts
plots in the
plots in the
Main window
Multiple plots
Multiple plots
on a page /
multiple pages
p p g
Plots from one
port can be
easily moved or
copied to
another port
another port

New Plot Interface (continued...)
Right‐click on a Port to Delete it or
launch the Control interface
Control interface allows plots to be
customized

New Plot Interface (continued...)

Post → XYPlot
Purpose: create and manipulate XY‐Plots (all saved XY
data is automatically added to the file list)
File –
l show list of all loaded XY‐Plot files
h l f ll l d d l fl
Window – show list of all XY‐Plot windows
Add – import XY data (use CRV, CSV, XY formats)
Remove – remove files from list
Info – display number of data points
Show – show selected plot
Cross – create cross plot (e.g., combine Force/Time
and Disp/Time to create Force/Disp)
Curve Clip – clip curve
Interpolate – modify number of points in curve

Post → ASCII
Purpose: create XY‐Plots from ASCII output files
ASCII File Operations...
• File – browse and load ASCII file from any directory
• Load – load selected file type from current directory
• Unload unload files from memory
Unload – unload files from memory
• All – select all items in the list
• Clear – clear selected items
• Rev – reverse selection
• Info – show information on the loaded ASCII file
• Multiple Select – plot multiple curves at once when
multiple files are loaded (using File option above)

Post → ASCII (continued...)
ASCII Sub‐branches...
• Lists all data available in the selected ASCII file
• Some ASCII files have special toggles that can be used to
S ASCII fil h i l t l th t b dt
process data...
MATSUM, SECFORC, SPCFORC, NODFOR, BNDOUT,
SLEOUT, and GCEOUT – [Total] combine multiple ASCII
item selections
ABSTAT –
ABSTAT – [Airb/Mat] select airbag/material ID
[Airb/Mat] select airbag/material ID
ELOUT – [Clrcp] clear component list
ELOUT – [Stress/Strain/Beams]
DEFORC – [Trans/Rotat] force and moments
NODFOR – [Group] combine nodal forces of the group
NODOUT – [HicCsi] open HIC/CSI pre‐filter options
RBDOUT – [Local] plot in local coordinate system
SPCFORC –
SPCFORC – [Force/Momt] force and moments
[Force/Momt] force and moments

Post → Binout
Purpose: plot data from binout files
Binout contains same data as ASCII files but in binary
format
Set BINARY=2 on *DATABASE_{OPTION} to generate
bi
binout file
t fil
Load – load binout file (multiple binout files can be
loaded)
Unload – unload binout file
Save –
Save save binout branch in ASCII format
save binout branch in ASCII format
Done – exit the Binout interface

Post → Follow
Purpose: define a reference point or plane for
animation and fringing relative displacement
Animation usage...
• Pick node(s) to define reference point or plane
• Click Apply
Click Apply
• Play animation
To fringe relative displacement...
To fringe relative displacement...
• Pick node(s) to define reference point or plane
• Click Apply
• Go to Page 1: Fcomp
• Select Ndv
• S l “ di ” “ di ” “ di ” “
Select “rx‐disp”, “ry‐disp”, “rz‐disp”, or “r‐result disp”
l di ”

Post → Trace
Purpose: trace nodal displacements
Use General Selection interface to select nodes
Set width and color of trace line
Select state to begin trace
Output trace in several formats...
• *DEFINE_CURVE
• Coordinate history
• *BOUNDARY_PRESCRIBED_MOTION_NODE

Post → State
Purpose: select/overlay animation states or display
mulitple states in a grid
Select –
l d l h
display the selected state or create state
l d
overlays (with customized rendering type)
Inactive –
I ti make states inactive (remove from
k t t i ti ( f
animation playback)
Delete –
Delete delete states (delete d3plot files if possible)
delete states (delete d3plot files if possible)
Multistate – display multiple states in a grid

Post → Output
Purpose: output post‐processing data
Some available formats...
• LS‐DYNA Keyword
• Nastran
• Dynain ASCII
Dynain ASCII
• ASCII and Binary STL
Active Parts Only
Active Parts Only – write only displayed parts
write only displayed parts
Entire Model – write entire model (use check boxes
to control exactly which entities are written)
y )
St No – Controls which state is written

Post → Setting
Purpose: control settings and general preferences
Axes/Surface
• El Axes – set coordinate system for calculation of
component stresses and strains (Global / element Local)
• Surface
Surface – set current shell integration point surface and
set current shell integration point surface and
beam integration point location (this affects what data is
extracted when using Fcomp, History, and Vector)
Reflections –
fl reflect the whole model or selected
fl h h l d l l d
parts about the global planes
Hi /C i C t change default time scale and
Hic/Csi Const. – h d f lt ti l d
gravitational constant
SPH Nodes change appearance of smooth particle
SPH Nodes – change appearance of smooth particle
hydrodynamics nodes

Post → Setting (continued...)
Thickness Scale Factor – related to displaying shells
as solids (set using Thick in Appear interface)
Fringe Scale Factor –
l allows small or large changes in
ll ll l h
fringe values, active for all fringes after setting
C
Concrete Crack Width –
t C k Width associated with D3CRCK file,
i t d ith D3CRCK fil
sets minimum crack width in mm to be displayed
(MAT 084 only)
(MAT_084 only)
FLD E’Strain – changes display of strains for FLD
fringe components and plots to Engr or True values
g p p g
Local B’Strain – converts global strains for solid
elements into element axes values

Post → Vector
Purpose: create vector plots (similar to fringing)
d3plot (binary plot) options...
• Shell Normal
• Displacement
• Velocity
• Principal Stress
• p
Principle Strain
intfor (interface force file) options...
• Force
• Pressure
• Surface Shear

Post → Vector (continued...)
X, Y, and Z components for displacement, velocity
and force can be selected
Range settings...
• Dynamic – min/max adjusted for each time state
• Static same min/max for all the states
Static – same min/max for all the states
• User – custom min/max for all the states
• p g
Show – show vectors within the specified range
Display settings...
• SF – set vector size scale factor
• Whole – display vectors for the whole model
• Part – display vectors for a specific part
• A
Area – di l
display vectors for a user defined area
f d fi d
• El/Node – display vectors for specific elements/nodes

Element Tools → Measure
Purpose: take measurements of various items
Item – list of available measurements
• Coordinate – xyz coordinate
• Dist N2N – distance between 2 nodes
• Dist N2S distance between a node and a surface
Dist N2S – distance between a node and a surface
• Dist P2P – distance between 2 points
• g
Angle 3Node – angle between 3 nodes
g
• Angle 4node – angle between 2 lines formed by 4 nodes
• 3Pt Radius – the radius formed by 3 nodes
• Area / Volume / Mass / Inertia
• Ang Vel – angular velocity
• Separation – distance between two parts
Separation – distance between two parts

Element Tools → Measure (continued...)
Active Elements Only – for certain quantities (e.g.,
Area, Volume, Mass, Inertia)
Element/Part/All –
l / / ll measure by element, by part, or
b l b
all
C
Cancel pick –
l i k remove last picked entity
l t i k d tit
Apply – take measurement
R f
Reference Axes –
A select current reference axes for
l t t f f
measurement (define axis using Item: Create Axis)
History depends on selected item
History – depends on selected item

Model → Section Plane
Purpose: visualize section planes or take measurements
Section plane options...
• FixS – section plane is fixed in space
• FixM – section plane is fixed to the model
• Lagr –
Lagr section plane is lagrangian type
section plane is lagrangian type
Plane definition options...
• 1p+NL – base point + normal direction
1p+NL base point + normal direction
• N1‐N2 – n1 defines base point, n1 to n2 defines direction
• 3Nds – 3 nodes define the plane
• 2Nds+D – 2 nodes + direction define the plane
• BasePt/BaseNd – select position or node as base point
• N
NormX/NormY/NormZ –
X/N Y/N Z set direction cosines
di i i
• Centroid – make centroid of model the base point
• Reset – reset and clear plane definition
Reset reset and clear plane definition

Model → Section Plane (continued...)
Additional options...
• No. of Cut/Distance ‐ divide model along the plane normal
direction
• Right/Left Arrows – move the plane forward/backward
• MP Anim – animate the section
• Upd Bspt – update base point with current position
• Clear Kpsc – clear all kept section cuts from memory

Additional options...
• Project View – view section normal to section plane
• Off/Cli turn clipping planes off/on
Off/Clip – t li i l ff/
• Kp Cuts – keep and display all section cuts
• Clr – clear all section cuts (keep only the last cut)
clear all section cuts (keep only the last cut)
• Cut – perform section cut
• Options – display additional section plane options
• Crush – open crush/intrusion interface
• Model – reset display to full model view
• M
Meas – open section cut measurement interface
ti t ti t f
• Line – open line plot interface
• Force – open section force interface
Force open section force interface
• Save – open interface to save/load planes (to file)
• Done – exit the Section Plane interface

“Options” Interface
• ShowPl – show section plane on/off
• 3DO tli
3DOutline – show solid part outline after cut
h lid t tli ft t
• ShMesh – show section plane as mesh
• Line Width – set section cut line width
Line Width set section cut line width
• Line Color – set section cut line color
• Color/Cut – use different color for each cut instead of
different color for each part
• Thickness – draw section cut with thickness
• VP – draw vector on section cut
VP – draw vector on section cut
• Write – write section cut to file in selected format
(Keyword, VGA, or IGES)
• Curr State – set current state for writing

“Crush” Interface – measure distance from node to
plane (intrusion plotting)
• Line Width –
Li Width Intrusion plot line width
I t i l t li idth
• Line Color – Intrusion plot line color
• PlotType – select history plot type
select history plot type
• Node ID – can be picked or keyed in
“Line” Interface – plot fringe values at section cut
p g
along the length of the cut
• Mainly used for metal stamping
• Must load fringe value (using Fcomp) and perform cut first
• Pick a part for the line plot

“Force” Interface – calculate and plot section values
• Forces
• M
Momentst
• Area
• Centroid
“Meas” Interface – take section plane measurements
• Coordinate
• Distance
• 3Pt‐Angle
• 3Pt‐Radius
• 2Ln‐Angle
• Measure can be done between any two cuts
Measure can be done between any two cuts

Workshop 7
p
Post‐Processing

Workshop 7
Load results and input file...
File > Open > LS‐DYNA Binary Plot
( l /
(select /workshop7/d3plot)
kh /d l )
(select /workshop7/ball_and_plate.k)
Cli k Y in the popup
Click Yes i th
Click Animate Forward
(click the Anim render button first if necessary)
Decrease the animation speed using the slider
Generate a movie...
File > Mo ie
File > Movie…
Enter File Name: animation1
Click Start

Workshop 7(continued...)
Cut a section plane...
Go to Model → Section Plane
Click NormY
Click Cut
Click Options
Select Line Width: 5
Rotate the model for an isometric view
Click MP Anim
Click Done

Create a fringe contour plots...
Go to Post → Fringe Component
Click Stress
Select “von mises stress” from the list
Click the Top render button
(if the animation is not already playing)
Select “plastic strain” from the list
Click Ndv
Select “resultant displacement” from the list
Click Stop Animation
Click the Shade Element (ShaEle) render button

Identify nodes and elements by ID...
Go to Element Tools → Ident
Select Node
Pick some nodes by drawing a window
Select Element
Select Pick in the General Selection interface
Pick some elements by clicking
Click Clear Node
Click Clear Elem

Plot time history data...
Go to Post → History
Select Nodal
Select “Z‐displacement” from the list
Pick 1 node on the ball and 1 node on the plate
Click Plot
Click Quit in the Plot Window
Select Element
Select “Effective Stress (v‐m)” from the list
Pick an element on the plate
Click Plot

Plot ASCII data...
Go to Post → ASCII
Select “glstat *” from the top list
Click Load
Select the top 3 items in the bottom list
Click Plot
Select “matsum *” from the top list
Click Load
Click All
Select “2‐Kinetic Energy” from the bottom list
Click Plot

Plot a measured value...
Drag the horizontal slider to the first frame
(click the Anim render button first if necessary)
Turn on the mesh (using the Mesh
h h( i h h render button)
d b )
Go to Element Tools → Measure
Select Item: Dist N2N
Select “length” in the bottom list
Pick 1 node on the ball and 1 node on the plate
Click Plot
Click Next State (in the animation interface) several
times and note how the measured value is updated

Plot binout data...
Go to Post → Binout
Click Load
( l /
(select /workshop7/binout)
kh /bi )
Select the file from the Open File List
Select “glstat”
Select “kinetic_energy”
Click Plot
Select “internal_energy”
Click Padd

Format a plot...
Click Title in the Plot Window
Enter Plot Title: Global Stats
Enter X‐Axis Label: Time (ms)
Enter Y‐Axis Label: Energy
Enter Legend Title: Curves
Click Apply
Activate Modify Curve Legend
Select “kinetic_energy” from the list
Change name to “Kinetic” (and hit the Enter key)
Select “internal_energy” from the list
Change name to “Internal” (and hit the Enter key)
Save curve data...
Click Save in the Plot Window
Click All next to the curve list
Click Browse
(save as /workshop7/glstat_energy.crv)
Click Save in the bottom row of buttons

Workshop 8
p
Post‐Processing

Workshop 8
View multiple models...
( l /
(select /workshop8/example2/d3plot)
kh / l /d l )
(select /workshop8/elastic_plate/d3plot)
G t M d l → Selection
Go to Model → S l ti
Select Translate
S l “2 BALL AND ELSTIC PLATE” f
Select “2‐BALL AND ELSTIC PLATE” from the list
h li
Activate Z only
Enter Trans Dist: 2.500e+002
Click the Left Arrow button
Select Select
Click and drag to select both items in the list
Click the Auto Center (AutCen) render button
Click the Hide Element (HidEle) render button

Create a cross plot...
( l /
(select /workshop8/elastic_plate/d3plot)
kh / l i l /d l )
Select “rcforc *”
Click Load
Select “Sl‐2” from the middle list
Select “Z‐force” from the lower list
Click Plot
Click Scale in PlotWindow‐1
Enter Y‐scale: ‐1
Click Apply
Activate Autofit
Click Save
(save as /workshop8/elastic_plate/force_vs_time.crv)
Click Save in the bottom row of buttons
Click Quit in PlotWindow‐1

Create a cross plot (continued)...
Go to Post → XYPlot
Click Add
( l /
(select /workshop8/elastic_plate/disp_vs_time.crv)
kh / l i l /di i )
Select Cross
Select X‐Axis
Select “disp_vs_time.crv”
Double‐click “disp_vs_time.crv:2060”
Select Y‐Axis
Select “force_vs_time.crv”
Double‐click “force_vs_time.crv:Sl 2”
Click Plot

Set a reference point...
( l /
(select /workshop8/belted/d3plot)
kh /b l d/d l )
Click the Left and Hide Element (HidEle) render
buttons
Cli k A i t F
Click Animate Forward d
Click Stop
Go to Post → Follow
Pi k
Pick any node on the structure
d h
Click Apply

Use Page D entity display...
( l /
(select /workshop8/belted/d3plot)
kh /b l d/d l )
(select /workshop8/belted/belted.k)
Cli k Y in the popup
Click Yes i th
Go to Model → Display Entity
E
Expand Seatbelt
dS b l
Select Accelerometer
Select the first three items in the list
Click the Anim render button

Calculate HIC (Head Injury Criteria)...
( l /
(select /workshop8/settings_and_hic/d3plot)
kh / i d hi /d l )
Go to Post → Setting
Select Hic/Csi Constants
Select Time Units: msec (kg‐mm‐ms units)
Select Gravity Constant: 0.00981
Click Apply
Select “nodout *”
Click Load
Select “1”
Select “14‐hic36”
Click HicCsi
Activate Apply pre‐filter
Click Plot

Modify range settings...
( l /
(select /workshop8/range/d3plot)
kh / /d l )
Drag the slider to the last frame
Go to Post → Fringe Component (FriComp)
Select “von mises stress” from the top list
Go to Post → Fringe Range (FriRang)
Activate Reverse Colors
Enter No. Min/Max Entities: 1
Activate Ident Min and Max
Select Level: 20
Select Avg: None

View velocity vectors...
( l /
kh / i d hi /d l )
Go to Post → Vector
Select Velocity from the drop down menu
Click Apply
Click Next State (in the animation interface) to step
through the animation frame by frame
h h h i i f b f

Colors, Groups, and Views...
( l /
kh / i d hi /d l )
Go to Model → Part Color
Click Lmap
(select /workshop8/colors_groups_views/colors)
Cli k L d
Click Load
(select /workshop8/colors_groups_views/groups)
Select “dummy” from the list
Click Select
Click Select
Go to Model → Views
Click Load
(select /workshop8/colors groups views/views)
(select /workshop8/colors_groups_views/views)
Select “View_01” from the list
Click Select

Plot section plane forces...
( l /
(select /workshop8/splane/csforce/d3plot)
kh / l / f /d l )
Go To Model → Section Plane
Activate BaseNd
Enter Node: 1550 (and hit Enter)
Click NormX (directional cosine)
Click Cut
Click Force
Select “Normal Force” from the list
Click Plot

Take section plane measurements...
( l /
(select /workshop8/splane/measure/d3plot)
kh / l / /d l )
Go to Model → Section Plane
Click NormY
Click Cut
In the animation controls, advance to State# 9
Click Meas (NOT Measur)
Select 2Ln‐Angle
Click two points to form a line on the left top
Click two points to form a line on the right top
Click Options
Select Line Width: 2
Activate ShMesh (section plane as a mesh)
Click Curr State
Click Write to save the section data
(writes keyword file with beam elements only)

Output dynain file...
( l /
(select /workshop8/dynain_output/d3plot)
kh /d i /d l )
Go to Post → Output
Select Format: Dynain ASCII
In the animation controls, advance to the last state
Click Curr (current state)
Click Write
( i
(writes a dynain ASCII file that contains stress, strain,
d i ASCII fil h i i
and thickness information)

Save LS‐PrePost database (post.db)...
( l /
(select /workshop8/dynain_output/d3plot)
kh /d i /d l )
In the animation controls, advance to the desired state
File > Save As > Save Post.db As…
In the main window, go to Model → Assembly and
Part (SelPart)
Select “S 2” and “S 3” only
G
Go to Element Tools
El T l → Blank
Bl k
Select Out
Draw a box around a portion of the model
In the Save PostProcess DB interface, select the data
you want
Cli k
Click >>
Enter a file name
(select /workshop8/dynain_output/post.db)
Click Write DB
Click Write DB

Command File and Macros

Command File
All commands are written to lspost.cfile
• Created in same directory as input file
• Can be modified to help automate repetitive tasks
• Call other command files using “include” statements
• Skip commands using “skip” and “endskip”
• Enter interactive mode using “interactive” (us Esc key to
continue)
3 ways to execute command files:
y
• File > Open > Command File
• lsprepost c=commandfile.ses
• lsprepost c=commandfile.ses –nographics

Command File (continued...)
Parameters can be used in command file
• Parameter definition can be numbers or strings
parameter directory “c:\Home\Test\problem\”
parameter rotang “45.0, 0.0, 30.0”
parameter filename “testcase1.key”
• Use “&” to mark parameters
open d3plot &filename
• Use “{“ and “}” when combining parameters
{ } gp
open d3plot &{directory}&{filename}
Command file structure is not yet fully documented, but
Command file structure is not yet fully documented but
more commands and details can be found here:
• http://www.lstc.com/lspp/content/other/command/command.shtml

Misc. → Macro Interface
Purpose: load and execute macros
Macros allow multiple commands to be grouped and
executed as often as desired
d f d d
Parameters can be used in macro files
Parameters can be defined on the fly (see “matid”
and “fname”)
Macro syntax...
M t
• *macro begin name
Command 1
Command 1
Command 2
Command 3
• *macro end

Misc. → Macro Interface (continued...)
Macro example...
• *macro begin plot_matsum
ascii
ii matsum plot 2 &matid
t l t 2 & tid
raisewin
xyplot 1 savefile
1 savefile curve_file
curve file C:\temp\&fname 1 all
C:\temp\&fname 1 all
• *macro end

Function Keys
F1 launches Function Key interface shown below (shows
layout of the function keys)
Except for F1 and F10, all other function keys can be
p g
programmed to act as a button
Also, a command file with the name F#.cfile can be
called using F# (place file in current working directory)
called using F# (place file in current working directory)
Function keys can be customized in the configuration file
( lspostrc)
(.lspostrc)

Workshop 9
p

Workshop 9
Run a command file...
( l /
(select /workshop9/C2500D‐V4f_rotated.k)
kh / f d k)
File > Open > Command File
(select /workshop9/free_edges.ses)
Cli k St t i th CFil i t f
Click Start in the CFile interface
(the session file contains “interactive” commands and
thus waits for a user input to perform the next action)
Hit the Esc key to cycle through the parts checking
Hit the Esc key to cycle through the parts checking
each for free edges

Use a macro to create two solid spheres...
Go to Misc. → Launch Macro Interface
Click Add (select /workshop9/sphere.txt)
Select “Sphere1” from the list
Click Show
Click Exec (a red sphere is created)
Select “Sphere2” from the list
Enter x: 10
Enter y: 10
Enter z: 10
Enter radius: 6
Enter density: 8
Click Exec (a blue sphere is created)

Special Applications
Special Applications

Purpose: “Keyword Check” tab checks model for input errors
Keywords are listed alphabetically

Double‐clicking an Error or Warning loads Extended Information
From there, the Keyword Input Form can be opened (Read)

Purpose: “Contact Check” tab checks for contact issues
Tying and initial penetrations can be examined (see next slide)

Penet – check contacts (for initial penetration)
• ByParts – check for penetrations based on part thicknesses
• C t t check for penetrations based on contact definitions
Contact – h kf t ti b d t t d fi iti
• Show: CE – show crossed edges
• Show: Penet – show initial penetrations
Show: Penet show initial penetrations
• SF – apply scale factor to penetration vectors
• Fix – penetrations can be fixed automatically, but this option must be used
with caution
Tied – check tied contacts (to see if nodes are tied)
• Tied / Label –
Ti d / L b l show labels for tied nodes
h l b l f ti d d
• Not Tied / Label – show labels for nodes that are not tied

Purpose: “Element Quality” tab checks overall mesh quality
Available for beams, solids, shells, and thick shells

Application → Airbag Folding
Purpose: to create fold definitions and fold airbags
Fold types...
• Thin
• Thick
• Tuck
• Double Tuck
• p
Spiral
• Scrunch
Folding can be performed step by step
Fold definitions can be saved, loaded, and modified
Fold process can be animated (for visualization)

Application → Occupant Positioning
Purpose: to load and position occupant models
Latest build of LS‐PrePost should always be used
LS‐PrePost and Primer tree file formats are supported
Working with multiple occupant models is supported
Comprehensive documentation and the latest LSTC Semi‐
Deformable Hybrid III Dummy models are available here:
ft //
ftp://user:computer@ftp.lstc.com/lstc‐dummies/LSTC.H3.081030_V1.0.zip
t @ft l t /l t d i /LSTC H3 081030 V1 0 i

Application → Belt Fitting
Purpose: to automatically generate seat belts
First, a segment set for contact must be chosen
Second, nodes defining the belt path can be selected
(keyed in or picked from the graphics window)
Simple – generate a belt using 1D elements
Mixed – generate a belt consisting of 1D and 2D
elements
l t

Application → Intrusion Measurement
Purpose: to generate IIHS (Insurance Institute of
Highway Safety) plots
Type: Nodout
d
• Must load nodout file first
• Contains node data for which intrusion will be measured
Contains node data for which intrusion will be measured
Type: IN
• Must
Must load IN file second
load IN file second
• Links node IDs from nodout to “Measured Points”
• If IN file does not exist, node numbers can be entered
keyed in manually or picked from the graphics window
Type: Out
• Can load Out file containing previously saved intrusion data
l d fil i i i l di i d

Mesh → SPH Generation
Purpose: to create SPH particles
Available methods...
• Box – define min/max points
• Sphere – define position and radius
• Cylinder define position, radius, and length
Cylinder – define position radius and length
• Cone – define position, radius1, radius2, and length
• SolidCenter – at center of solid elements
• SolidNodes – at solid element nodes
• ShellVolume – from an enclosed shell volume
Pitch – distance between particles
Density – used to compute particle mass
Fill% – fill level
DirX/DirY/DirZ – direction of gravitation force

Mesh → SPH Generation (continued...)
ShellVolume notes...
• Can use multiple parts
• O l h ll
Only shell parts can be used
t b d
• Shell parts must form a “water‐tight” enclosed volume
• Shell normals should all point outward
Shell normals should all point outward
• Shell thickness is taken into account for particles close to
the boundary

Workshop 10
p
Advanced Applications

Workshop 10
Model checking...
File > Open > LS‐DYNA Keyword (select /workshop10/modelcheck/C2500_modelcheck.k)
Go to Application → Model Checking
Click Write in the Model Checking interface to write a summary of the errors and warnings

Model checking (continued)...
Double‐click Warning(4) on the *AIRBAG row
In the “Extended Information” interface...
Click each item in the right hand side list to view the
li k hi i h i h h d id li i h
warning details (4 airbags have open surfaces)
Exit the model checking interface
G t M d l → KEYWORD
Go to Model → KEYWORD
Expand AIRBAG
Double‐click “SIMPLE_AIRBAG_MODEL”
I h K
In the Keyword Input Form, click SID
dI F li k SID
(note that PSID 908 contains part ID 168 and 169)
Click Done in the *SET Keyword Input Form
Click Done in the *AIRBAG Keyword Input Form
Click Done in the *AIRBAG Ke ord Inp t Form

Expand SET
Double‐click “PART_LIST”
Select “908” in the Keyword Input Form
Change PID1 from 168 to 167
Click Replace
Click Accept
Click Done
Recheck the model (there are now 3 airbag warnings)

Double‐click Error(4) on the *CONSTRAINED row
Click each item in the right hand side list to view the error details
li k hi i h i h h d id li i h d il
(4 nodes are shared between multiple nodal rigid bodies)
G t M d l → C t E tit
Expand Constrained
Select Nodal Rigid Body (CNRB)
S l L b l S b l
Select Label: Symbol
Enter ID: 920 (and hit Enter) in the General Selection interface

Click the Assembly and Part (SelPart) render button
Turn off the RHS (right‐hand side) door (PID 115)
Click Done
Label CNRB 920 again (if it becomes unhighlighted)
Enter ident node 26112 on the command line
Select Mod (in the Create Entity interface)
Zoom in and pick CNRB 920
Right‐click node 26112 to remove it from the CNRB definition
Click Apply
Recheck the model (there are now 3 constrained errors)

Double‐click Error(1) on the *CONTROL row
View the error message for *CONTROL_BULK_VISCOSITY
i h f *
(Q2 should not be greater than Q1)
Expand CONTROL
Double‐click “BULK_VISCOSITY”
I h K
In the Keyword Input Form, click Default
dI F li k D f l
Click Accept
Click Done
Recheck the model (there are now no control card errors)

Double‐click Warning(1) on the *INITIAL row
View the warning message for *INITIAL_VELOCITY
i h i f *
(*PART_INERTIA and *INITIAL_VELOCITY are not consistent)
Expand INITIAL
Double‐click “VELOCITY” (note that VX=1.341e4)
Cli k D
Click Done
Expand PART
Double‐click “INERTIA”
Enter VTX: 1.341e4 in the Keyword Input Form
Click Accept
Click Done
Recheck the model (there are now no initial velocity errors)

Double‐click Error(2) on the *MAT row
View the error messages for *MAT_PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICTY
i h f *
(curve 871005 is not monotonically increasing, and SIGY≤0 for MID 1)
Expand DEFINE
Double‐click “CURVE”
S l “871005” i h K
Select “871005” in the Keyword Input Form
dI F
Click Plot (note that the last point should be removed)
Click Quit in the PlotWindow
Select the last data point (line 8)
Click Delete
Click Accept
Click Done

Expand MAT
Double‐click “PIECEWISE_LINEAR_PLASTICITY”
Make sure MID “1” is selected
Change the sign of SIGY (from ‐270 to 270)
Click Accept
Click Done
Recheck the model (there are now no material errors)

Belt fitting...
( l /
(select /workshop10/beltfit/body.k)
kh /b l fi /b d k)
Click the Front render button
Go to Application → Seatbelt Fitting
Enter “195“ next to Pick Nodes (and hit Enter)
Do the same for nodes “444“ and “177“
Select “2 ‐ pelvic (sub:1)” from the list
Select Mixed
Deactivate Tria Shell Element
Click Fit
Click Stretch
Click Accept
Select “1 ‐ torso (sub:1)“ from the list
Enter “177“, “138“, “50“, and “168“ (in that order)
Click Fit
Click Accept

Contact checking...
( l /
(select /workshop10/conchk/s‐rail.k)
kh / hk/ il k)
Select the Contact Check tab
Select Penet
Select Contact
Select “2 PSET 201 All 0 (sub:1)” from the list
Click Check
Select SF: 0.5
Activate Lock Nodes
Pick the middle part (red)
Click Fix
Select Tied
Select “1 PSET 100 PSET 200 (sub:1)” from the list
Click Check

SPH generation...
( l /
(select /workshop10/sphgen/tank.k)
kh / h / k k)
Go to Mesh → SPH Generation (SphGen)
Activate Pick Part
Pick the tank
Activate Clearance
Enter Clearance: 5
Select Fill%: 60%
Enter Pitch in X: 15
Enter Pitch in Y: 15
Enter Pitch in Z: 15
Enter Density: 1.0e‐6
Click Apply
Click Accept

Workshop 11
p
Extra Pre‐Processing Exercises

Workshop 11
Create a 4‐node shell mesh...
Select Entity: 4N_Shell
Enter P1: 100,100,0
Enter P2: 100,‐100,0
Enter P3: ‐100,‐100,0
Enter P4: ‐100,100,0
Enter NxNo.: 10
Enter NyNo.: 10
Enter Target Name: plate
Click Create
Click Accept

Detach elements...
( l /
(select /workshop11/4n‐shell.k)
kh / h ll k)
Go to Element Tools → Detach Element
Active Free Edges
Draw a box to select some elements
Click Detach
Click Accept

Create shells using Element Generation...
( l /
(select /workshop11/sphere.k)
kh / h k)
Select Shell
Select Shell By: Solid_Face
Select ByElem
Activate Prop
Set Ang: 45.0
Pick an element on the curved outer surface
Click Create
Click Accept

Create solids using Element Generation (continued)...
Select “S 2” only
Select Solid
Select Solid By: Shell_Offset
Enter Thickness: 5
Enter Segment: 1
Click on the shell layer
Click Create
Click Accept

Delete elements...
( l /
(select /workshop11/4n‐shell.k)
kh / h ll k)
Select Delete
Select the center 4x4 section of elements
Select Rm in the General Selection interface
Click Delete
Click Accept

Split elements (continued)...
Select Split/Merge in the Element Editing interface
Select Add in the General Selection interface
Click Apply
Click Accept
Create elements...
Select Create in the Element Editing interface
Select Element Type: Shell
Activate PID
Pick the part
Pick 4 nodes to create a quad element in the gap
Click Accept
Continue creating 4‐node quads (leaving empty
wedges as necessary)
Activate Tria Only
Fill in the remaining wedges with 3‐node tria elements

Create nodes...
( l /
(select /workshop11/node_edit.k)
kh / d di k)
Select Create
Select ByTwo
Enter Num: 3
Pick node 14
Pick node 49
Click Create
Click Accept

Align nodes (continued)...
Select Align
Pick node 11
Pick node 46
Draw a window to select nodes 21, 30, and 39
Click Align
Click Accept
Replace nodes...
Select Replace
Select MidPoint
Pick nodes 18 and 19
Click Accept
p

Reflect elements...
( l /
(select /workshop11/star.k)
kh / k)
Select Reflect
Select Plane: Norm Y
Activate Pick node as pt. of reflec.
Pick the top node
Activate Copy Elem
Enter 2 next to Part list
Click Reflect
Click Accept

Translate elements...
( l /
kh / k)
Select Translate
Select Direction: X
Enter Translate Distance: 75
Activate Copy Elem
Enter No. of Copies: 2
Click Tran +
Click Accept

Rotate elements...
( l /
kh / k)
Select Rotate
Select Rot. Axis: Z
Enter XYZ: 0,0,0
Enter Rot. Angle: 36
Activate Copy Elem
Enter No. of Copies: 9
Click Rotate +
Click Accept

Create a CNRB (*CONSTRAINED_NODAL_RIGID_BODY)...
( l /
(select /workshop11/bolt_hole.k)
kh /b l h l k)
Expand Constrained
Select Nodal Rigid Body (CNRB)
Select Cre
Click the Unreferenced Node (UnRef) render button
Pick the middle node first
Pick the nodes around the hole perimeter
Click Apply
Go to Model → Keyword
Expand CONSTRAINED to verify that a
“NODAL_RIGID_BODY” has been created

Create a cross section (*DATABASE_CROSS_SECTION)...
( l /
(select /workshop11/tube.k)
kh / b k)
Expand Database
Select Cross Section
Select Cre
Select Plane
Select NX
Pick a node on the desired plane
Click Apply
Expand DATABASE to verify that a
“CROSS_SECTION_PLANE” has been created

Create a coordinate system (*DEFINE_COORDINATE)...
( l /
kh / k)
Expand Define
Select Coordinate
Select Cre
Select Type: *NODES
Pick nodes 5, 9, and 7 (in that order)
Enter Title: CS1
Click Apply
Expand DEFINE to verify that a “COORDINATE_NODES”
has been created

Create a node set...
( l /
(select /workshop11/sphere.k)
kh / h k)
Expand Set Data
Select *SET_NODE
Select Cre
Enter Title: node set 1
Select ByElem in the General Selection interface
Activate Prop
Set Ang: 45.0
Click Apply

Create a segment set (continued)...
Select Show
Click None
Select Cre
Select *SET_SEGM
Enter Title: segment set 1
Select ByElem in the General Selection interface
Activate Prop
Set Ang: 45.0
Click Apply
Expand SET to verify that sets have been created
(NODE_LIST, SEGMENT)

Create curves (geometry)...
( l /
(select /workshop11/wavy_shell.k)
kh / h ll k)
Go to Curve → Spline
Select Method: Interpolation Points
Click the nodes along right side of the gap in order
from top to bottom
Cli k A l
Click Apply
Do the same for the left side of the gap

Create a mesh using curves (continued)...
Select Type: 2 Line Shell
Select Element Size
Click both lines in the graphics area
Enter S1: 18 (and hit the Enter key)
Enter S2: 18
Enter S3: 18
Enter S4: 18
Enter Part ID: 3
Click Mesh It
Click Accept

Part trimming...
( l /
(select /workshop11/ptrim/C2500D‐V4f_single.k)
kh / i / f i l k)
Enter m 140 on the command line
Deactivate CNRB, Mass, and Disc
Click the “.” button next to Origin Point X
Select Node (in the Create Position interface)
Pick a node in the middle of the truck bed
Click Done (in the Create Position interface)
Enter Radius: 400
Click Apply

Part trimming (continued)...
Go to Element Tools → Part Trim
Select Parts
Pick the truck bed in graphics window
Select Trim Curves
Pick the circle in the graphics window
Click Z
Click Trim
Click Accept
Go to Geometry Tool → Manage
Select Delete in the Model Management interface
Select Delete
Activate Propp in the General Selection interface
Pick an element in the middle of the trimmed area
Click Delete
Click Accept
p

Mesh morphing...
( l /
(select /workshop11/morph/8lines.iges)
kh / h/ li i )
( l t/
(select /workshop11/morph/tube.k)
k h 11/ h/t b k)

Mesh morphing (continued)...
Go to Element Tools → Morph
Select Morphing Type: 8 Line Cons
Select Source
Select SLine1
Pick lines 1,2,3,4 in that order
(you must select the same end of each line)
Select Target
Select TLine1
Pick lines 5,6,7,8 in that order
(order must be consistent with source lines)
Activate Select Nodes To Be Morphed
Click Map
Click Close

Spotweld generation...
( l /
(select /workshop11/swgen/rail.k)
kh / / il k)
Go to Mesh → Spotweld Generation
Click Open
(select /workshop11/swgen/rail.spot)
Enter Search Radius: 1.0
Cli k M P
Click Mat. Properties
i
Enter RO: 7.8e‐6
Enter E: 210.0
Enter SIGY: 0.35
Enter ET: 0.3
Click Create
Click Accept

Mesh smoothing...
( l /
(select /workshop11/ptrim/C2500D‐V4f_single.k)
kh / i / f i l k)
Enter m 146 on the command line
Deactivate CNRB, Mass, and Disc
Click the Mesh and Auto Center (AutCen) render
buttons
G
Go to Element Tools → Smooth
El T l →S h
Select Select Elements
Activate Prop in the General Selection interface
Pick an element in the middle of PID 146 in the
graphics window
Click Smooth several times
Cli k A
Click Accept
t

Find and delete unreferenced entities...
( l /
(select /workshop8/belted/belted.k)
kh /b l d/b l d k)
Click the Unreferenced Node (UnRef) render button
Click Model Clean

Geometry

Geometry Terms
LS‐PrePost 3.0 uses a new geometry engine
• Open CASCADE Technology (http://www.opencascade.org)
Terminology
• Vertex: a point in 3D space
p p
• Edge: a curve bounded by two vertices
• Closed Edge: an edge with only one vertex
Closed Edge: an edge with only one vertex
• Wire: a curve constructed from multiple edges
• Face: a surface bounded by one or more wires
Face: a surface bounded by one or more wires
• Infinite face: a face with no bounding wires
• Shell: one or more faces with shared edges
Shell: one or more faces with shared edges
• Solid: one or more shells with no open faces
• Compound Solid: one or more combined solids
Compound Solid: one or more combined solids

Geometry General Selection
Pick Select a single entity Filters are provided because geometry objects often
Area Select using a rectangular window overlap (ex: Edges and Wires). Data types can be
Poly Select using an irregular polygon turned on/off using the filters so that the desired
Sel1 Pick 1 entity (only 1 will be in buffer) selection can be made
Sphe Select entities within a sphere
Box Select entities within a box Row 1: Clear All Filter, Select All Filters
Prox Select entities within proximity to a part Row 2: Reference Axis, Plane, Point, Coordinate
Circ Select entities within a circle Row 3: Node, Vertex, Edge, Wire, Face, Solid/Shell
Frin Select entities within a fringe plot range
Select entities within a fringe plot range Row 4: Line Circle Plane Cylinder/Cone Surface
Row 4: Line, Circle, Plane, Cylinder/Cone Surface
Plan Select entities within a plane
ID Manually key‐in entity IDs
In Select entities inside Area/Poly
Out Select entities outside Area/Poly
Add Add entities to a selection set
Rm Remove entities to a selection set
Adjacent Select adjacent entities
Attach Select attached entities
Clear Clear selection
Save Save selection to buffer
Load Load selection from buffer
Deselect Undo last selection
Whole Select all entities in model
Visible Select all visible entities
Reverse Reverse selection

Ref. Geometry → Axis
Purpose: create a reference axis using one of the
following methods...
Parameters –
P t create axis with a point and a direction
t i ith i t d di ti
Line – create axis with a line or an edge
Two Planes Intersect – create axis from the intersection of two
Two Planes Intersect create axis from the intersection of two
planes
Axis of Cylinder/Cone/Revol – create axis from the axis of a
cylinder, cone, or revolute object
li d l t bj t
Tangent with Curve – create axis that is tangent to a curve at a
point on a curve
Point to Plane – create axis that passes through a point and is
normal to a plane
P i tt S f
Point to Surface – create axis that passes through a point on a
t i th t th h i t
surface and is normal to the surface

Ref. Geometry → Plane
Purpose: create a reference plane using one of the
Parameters –
P t create plane with a point and a normal
t l ith i t d l
Through Line/Point – create plane through a point and normal
to the selected line
Parallel with Point/Plane – create plane through a point parallel
to a plane or face
R t t ith P i t/Li
Rotate with Point/Line – create plane through an edge/axis/line
t l th h d / i /li
at an angle to a plane or face
Offset Plane – create plane by offsetting another plane
Normal to Curve – create plane through a point and
perpendicular to an edge or a curve
T
Tangent with Surface –
t ith S f create plane that is tangent to a non‐
t l th t i t tt
planar surface
3 Points – create plane containing 3 points

Ref. Geometry → Coordinate System
Purpose: create a reference coordinate system using
one of the following methods...
Parameters –
P t create coordinate system by defining an origin
t di t t b d fi i i i
point, a Z direction, and an X direction
Origin/Direction –
g create coordinate System by picking an
y yp g
origin point, an axis as Z‐direction, and an axis as X‐direction
Point/Curve ‐ create a coordinate system by selecting a point
on a curve/surface The point is projected to the curve/surface
on a curve/surface. The point is projected to the curve/surface
and then used as the origin. The normal of the projected
position is used as the Z‐direction, and a local coordinate
system is created automatically.
t i t d t ti ll

Ref. Geometry → Point
Purpose: create a reference point using one of the
Parameters –
P t create point by entering the X, Y, Z coordinates
t i tb t i th X Y Z di t
referenced to an optional coordinate system
Circle/Ellipse Center –
p create point at the center of a circle
p
Shape Center – create point at the gravity center of a shape
Curve/Curve Inter – create point at the intersection of two
entities (edges or reference axis)
titi ( d f i)
Curve/Surface Inter – create point at the intersection of a curve
and a surface
Point to Curve/Surface – create point that is directly projected
to an edge or surface
3P i tA C t
3 Point Arc Center – create point at the center of a circle that
t i t t th t f i l th t
passes through 3 points
Sample Curve – create points that are on a curve

Curve → Point
Purpose: create a point using one of the following
methods...
Parameters –
P t create point by entering X, Y, Z coordinates (or
t i tb t i X YZ di t (
click a position on a plane when “Sketch on Plane” is active)
Project to Curve –
j create point by projecting a point onto a
p yp j g p
curve
Project to Surface – create point by projecting a point onto a
surface

Curve → Line
Purpose: create a line using one of the following
methods...
Parameters –
P t create line by entering X, Y, Z coordinates of 2
t li b t i X YZ di t f2
end points
Point/Point – create line segments by picking points. If more
g yp gp
than 2 points are selected and “Closed” is active, a closed loop
will be created.
Point/Axis – create line by picking a point and defining a
Point/Axis – create line by picking a point and defining a
“Length” along an axis. A negative length will reverse the
direction.

Curve → Circle
Purpose: create a circle using one of the following
methods...
Parameters –
P t create circle by entering a center point, a normal
t i l b t i t i t l
direction, and a radius
Point/Axis – create circle by selecting a center point and a
y g p
normal axis
Coordinate – create circle by selecting a coordinate system
3 i t create circle by selecting 3 points
3 points – t i l b l ti 3 i t

Curve → Circular Arc
Purpose: create a circular arc using one of the following
methods...
Parameters –
P t create circular arc by entering a center point, a
t i l b t i t i t
normal direction, a start direction, a radius, and start and end
angles
Point/Axis – create circular arc by selecting a center point and a
normal axis
Coordinate – create circular arc by selecting a coordinate
Coordinate – create circular arc by selecting a coordinate
system
3 point – create circular arc by selecting 3 points

Curve → Ellipse
Purpose: create an ellipse using one of the following
methods...
Parameters –
P t create ellipse by entering a center point, a
t lli b t i t i t
normal direction, a start direction, and major and minor radii
Point/Axis – create ellipse by selection a center point and a
p y p
normal axis
Coordinate – create ellipse by selecting a coordinate system

Curve → Elliptical Arc
Purpose: create an elliptical arc using one of the
Parameters –
P t create elliptical arc by entering a center point, a
t lli ti l b t i t i t
normal direction, a start direction, major and minor radii, and
start and end angles
Point/Axis – create elliptical arc by selecting a center point and
a normal axis
Coordinate – create elliptical arc by selecting a coordinate
Coordinate – create elliptical arc by selecting a coordinate
system

Curve → Spline
Purpose: create a b‐spline using one of the following
methods...
IInterpolation Points –
t l ti P i t create b‐spline by interpolating selected
t b li b i t l ti l t d
points. If more than 2 points are selected and “Closed” is
active, a closed loop will be created.
Curve on Surface – create b‐spline by interpolating selected
points on a surface
Sketch on Mesh – create b‐spline by interpolating selected
Sketch on Mesh – create b spline by interpolating selected
nodes
Curve from Mesh – create b‐spline by selecting nodes
Shell Intersection – create b‐spline at the intersection of 2 FE
shell parts
Snap Edge End – snap the end points of unconnected b‐splines
Snap Edge End – snap the end points of unconnected b‐splines
together

Curve → Helix
Purpose: create a helix using one of the following
methods...
Distance and Loop –
Di t dL create helix by entering distance between
t h li b t i di t b t
loops and number of loops. A circle or arc must also be
selected.
Height and Loop – create helix by entering total height and
number of loops
Height and Distance – create helix by entering total height and
Height and Distance – create helix by entering total height and
distance between loops

Curve → Wire (Composite Curve)
Purpose: create a wire using one of the following
methods...
Edge list –
Ed li t create wire by connecting edges together
t i b ti d t th
Bounds of shell – create wire by using the boundary of a shell

Curve → Break
Purpose: break a curve into multiple sub curves using
one of the following methods...
Auto Break –
A t B k split curve automatically by defining a feature
lit t ti ll b d fi i f t
angle
Manual Break – split curve by picking positions on the curve
p yp gp
Batch Break – split multiple curves on faces by defining a
feature angle

Curve → Merge
Purpose: merge neighboring curves into a single curve.
If the “Multiple” method is used, curves do not need
to be selected in order The curves will be sorted
to be selected in order. The curves will be sorted
automatically according to neighbor distance.

Curve → Bridge
Purpose: bridge curves together according to the
module length of the tangent directions

Curve → Smooth
Purpose: smooth a noisy curve by entering an
appropriate tolerance. A new curve can be created if
“Copy”
Copy is active.
is active

Curve → MidCurve
Purpose: create a new curve between 2 existing curves.
The location of the new curves can be defined as a
percentage from the first curve A mid point can also
percentage from the first curve. A mid point can also
be created using this interface.

Surface → Plane
Purpose: create a planar surface using one of the
Coordinate System –
C di t S t create surface plane by selecting a
t f l b l ti
coordinate system and entering the starting and ending X,Y
location (in the local coordinate system)
3 Point – create surface by selecting 3 points (the size can be
adjusted using a “Scale” factor)
Fit Plane – create plane by fitting through selected points
Fit Plane – create plane by fitting through selected points

Surface → Cylinder
Purpose: create a cylindrical surface using one of the
Parameter –
P t create cylinder by selecting a coordinate system,
t li d b l ti di t t
entering a radius, and entering start and end angles
Bottom/Top Center –
p create cylinder by selecting points at the
y y gp
bottom center and top center

Surface → Cone
Purpose: create a conical surface using one of the
Parameter –
P t create cone by selecting a coordinate system,
t b l ti di t t
entering a semi angle of apex, entering a bottom radius,
entering start and end angles, and entering the bottom and top
height (from the origin of the coordinate system)
Bottom/Top Center – create cone by selecting points at the

Surface → Sphere
Purpose: create a spherical surface using one of the
Parameter –
P t create sphere by selecting a coordinate system
t h b l ti di t t
and entering the radius, the start and end U angles, and the
start and end V angles
Center Point – create sphere by selecting a center point and a
point on the sphere (or by entering a radius)

Surface → Torus
Purpose: create a toroidal surface by selecting a local
coordinate system (default is global) and entering
the following parameters
the following parameters...
Path radius
Profile radius
Profile radius
U start and end angles
V start and end angles

Surface → Fill Plane
Purpose: create a surface by connecting edges or points
to fill a plane...
By Edges –
B Ed edges will be used for the boundary of the surface
d ill b d f th b d f th f
By Points – straight lines will be created between points

Surface → Extrude
Purpose: create a surface by extruding an edge or a
wire using the following steps...
Pick edge/wire as the profile
Pi k d / i th fil
Pick another edge or axis as the direction
Enter start and end distances
Enter start and end distances

Surface → Revolve
Purpose: create a surface by revolving an edge or a wire
using the following steps...
Pi k d / i th fil
Pick an axis of revolution
Enter start and end angles
Enter start and end angles

Surface → Sweep
Purpose: create a surface by sweeping an edge or a
wire using the following steps...
Pi k d / i th fil
Pick a curve that defines the sweep path

Surface → Loft
Purpose: create a lofted surface. A loft is a face or shell
passing through a set of sections in a given
sequence Usually sections are edges or wires but
sequence. Usually, sections are edges or wires, but
the first and the last sections may be vertices
(punctual sections).
(punctual sections).

Surface → N‐Side
Purpose: create a surface from a set of (N) bounding
edges. Constraints can be applied as follows...
Continuity 0 –
C ti it 0 the surface must pass by 3D representation of
th f t b 3D t ti f
the edge
Continuity 1 –
y the surface must pass by 3D representation of
p y p
the edge, and it must respect tangency with the first face of the
edge
Auto Close – automatically connect each neighboring edge
Auto Close – automatically connect each neighboring edge
Smooth Curve – smooth boundary curves

Surface → Patch Surface
Purpose: create a surface from a region bounded by
contiguous b‐spline curves. The algorithm accepts 2,
3 or 4 bounding curves A range of filling styles (flat
3, or 4 bounding curves. A range of filling styles (flat,
middle, and round) are available.

Surface → Bridge
Purpose: create a surface by bridging faces using the
following steps...
SSelect an edge from one face
l t d f f
Select an edge from another face

Surface → Combine
Purpose: create a surface by combining neighboring
faces or shells using the following steps...
SSelect faces or shells
l tf h ll
Define number of U, V control points
Define degrees, max tolerance, and smoothness
Define degrees, max tolerance, and smoothness
Select final surface type (Natural or Trimmed)
Activate "Replace Raw Faces" to remove original faces
Activate "Preview" to preview result

Surface → Fit Surface
Purpose: create a fitted surface based on an FE mesh,
nodes, or curves

Surface → Mid Surface
Purpose: create a mid surface from a solid or from top
and bottom surfaces
By Surfaces –
B S f manually create a mid surface from two surfaces
ll t id f f t f
By Solid – automatically create all mid surfaces from a solid
object
j

Solid → Box
Purpose: create a solid box using one of the following
methods...
Parameters –
P t create box by selecting a coordinate system
t b b l ti di t t
(default is global) and entering min and max X, Y, Z coordinates
2 Points – create box by selecting 2 points located at opposing
y g p pp g
corners

Solid → Cylinder
Purpose: create a solid cylinder using one of the
Parameters –
P t create cylinder by selecting a coordinate system
t li d b l ti di t t
(default is global) and entering a radius, height, and angle
Bottom/Top Center –
p create cylinder by selecting points at the
y y gp

Solid → Cone
Purpose: create a solid cone using one of the following
methods...
Parameters –
P t create cone by selecting a coordinate system
t b l ti di t t
(default is global) and entering bottom and top radii, height,
and angle
Bottom/Top center – create cone by selecting points at the

Solid → Sphere
Purpose: create a solid sphere using one of the
Parameters –
P t create sphere by selecting a coordinate system
t h b l ti di t t
(default is global) and entering a radius, U start and end angles,
and V start and end angles
Center Point – create sphere by selecting a center point and a
point on the sphere (or by entering a radius)

Solid → Torus
Purpose: create a solid torus by selecting a local
Path radius
Profile radius
Profile radius
U start and end angles
V start and end angles

Solid → Extrude
Purpose: create a solid object by extruding surfaces in a
specified direction. The direction can be a reference
axis a line or an edge
axis, a line, or an edge.

Solid → Revolve
Purpose: create a solid object by revolving a group of
faces about an axis

Solid → Sweep
Purpose: create a solid object by sweeping a surface
along a curve

Solid → Loft
Purpose: create a solid object by lofting through a set
of closed sections in a given sequence. Usually,
sections are edges wires or faces but the first and
sections are edges, wires, or faces, but the first and
the last sections may be vertices (punctual sections).

Solid → Fillet
Purpose: creates rounded internal or external faces on
shell or solid shapes. Fillets can be applied to all
edges of a face selected sets of faces selected
edges of a face, selected sets of faces, selected
edges, or edge loops. “Equal Radius” or “Various
Radius” can be used. If
Radius can be used. If “Whole
Whole Shape
Shape” is active, the
is active, the
entire solid will be filleted.

Solid → Chamfer
Purpose: create beveled edges using one of the
Angle‐Distance –
A l Di t create chamfer by defining distance and an
t h f b d fi i di t d
angle
Distance‐Distance – create chamfer by defining a pair of
y g p
distances

Solid → Draft
Purpose: create tapered faces using a specified angle.
One application is to make a molded part easier to
remove from a mold A draft can be inserted in an
remove from a mold. A draft can be inserted in an
existing part, or a draft can be applied while
extruding a feature. Drafts can be applied to solid or
extruding a feature. Drafts can be applied to solid or
surface objects.

Solid → Thicken
Purpose: create a solid object by thickening one or
more adjacent shell or solid surfaces using the
following steps
following steps...
Select a solid object
Select faces that will be removed for thickening
Select faces that will be removed for thickening

Solid → Wedge
Purpose: create a solid wedge by selecting a local
Length
Width
Height
Min and Max coordinates

Solid → Boolean
Purpose: combine, subtract, or find the common space
occupied by two solid objects

GeoTool → Delete Face
Purpose: delete independent or dependent faces from
a shell or solid
Delete –
D l t simple deletion of faces
i l d l ti ff
Delete and Repair – delete dependent faces from shell/solid
and try to extend neighboring faces (and trim with each other)
y g g
Delete and Fill ‐ delete dependent faces from shell/solid and fill
gaps with N‐Side surfaces

GeoTool → Extend Curve
Purpose: extend a curve by selecting an edge or a
vertex
Stop Condition:
St C diti
Distance – extend curve by a distance
Up to Face
Up to Face – extend curve to a face
extend curve to a face
Up to Vertex – extend curve to a vertex
Extension Type:
Linear – extend curve tangent to the original curve
Same Curve – extend curve using existing curvature
Extend on Face –
E t d F extend curve on the face (if the curve is
t d th f (if th i
located on a face)

GeoTool → Extend Surface
Purpose: extend a surface by selection a face or an
edge
Stop Condition:
St C diti
Distance – extend surface by a distance
Up to Face
Up to Face – extend surface to a face
extend surface to a face
Up to Vertex – extend surface to a vertex
Extension Type:
Linear – extend surface tangent to the original face
Same Surface – extend surface using existing curvature

GeoTool → Intersection
Purpose: create entities at the intersection of two
geometry data sets using one of the following
methods...
methods
Standard – create intersections of data in set 1 with set 2
Mutual – create intersections within a single set of data
Mutual create intersections within a single set of data
Note: a vertex will be created when a curve intersects
another curve or a surface. A curve will be created when a
surface intersect another surface.
f i t t th f

GeoTool → Offset
Purpose: create geometry offsets using one of the
FFace/Shell –
/Sh ll select a face or shell, enter an offset distance, and
l t f h ll t ff t di t d
activate the “Round Corner” option
Plane Edge/Wire –
g select planar edge/wire and enter an offset
p g
distance. The resulting edge/wire will be in the same plane.
Edge on Face – select edges from a face and enter an offset
distance The resulting edge will locate on the same surface
distance. The resulting edge will locate on the same surface.

GeoTool → Project
Purpose: project vertices, edges, and wires onto a face
or shell
Normal Projection –
N l P j ti fi t l t d ti ti f / h ll Th
first select a destination face/shell. Then
select a vertex/edge/wire. Finally, select a line or an axis as the
projection direction. If a direction is omitted, LS‐PrePost will
test to see if the destination object is planar. If yes, the normal
of the destination object will be used. If no, LS‐PrePost will test
to see if the source object is planar.

GeoTool → Replace Face
Purpose: replace a face using the following steps...
Create a new surface using N‐Side surface
S l t f
Select surfaces to be replaced with the new surface
t b l d ith th f

GeoTool → Stitch
Purpose: stitch independent faces into a shell
Try to Make Solid – convert the shell to a solid if it forms an
enclosed volume
enclosed volume
All Faces – select all faces from the current model
Dis Tol – set distance tolerance to control the stitchingg
Non‐manifold Mode – stitch faces that come together in a t‐
configuration
G
Group by Part –
b P t stitch faces that belong to the same part
tit h f th t b l t th t

GeoTool → Trim
Purpose: use edges or faces to trim other edges or
faces
Standard –
St d d define a trim tool and select entities to be trimmed.
d fi t i t l d l t titi t b t i d
Activate “Raw Trim Tool” to extend the tool if it does not reach
the entities to be trimmed
Mutual – trim multiples faces using the faces themselves
Cut solid – trim a solid object
S lit f
Split face – split a face by picking 2 face edge points
lit f b i ki 2 f d i t

GeoTool → Transform
Purpose: perform standard 3D transformations
Translate – translate geometry objects in a specified direction
R t t rotate geometry objects about an axis
Rotate – t t t bj t b t i
Scale – scale geometry objects about a reference point
Mirror – reflect geometry objects about a reference
Mirror reflect geometry objects about a reference
point/axis/plane
Transform – transform geometry objects from one coordinate
system to another
t t th
Copy – create new geometry entities while performing
transformations

GeoTool → Copy
Purpose: copy geometry entities
To Current Assembly – new geometry entities will be created in
the current assembly
the current assembly
To New Assembly – new geometry entities will be created in a
new assembly
To Specify Assembly – new geometry entities will be create in a
specified assembly
Move to Specify Assembly – geometry entities will be moved
Move to Specify Assembly – geometry entities will be moved
from one assembly to another

GeoTool → Manage
Purpose: manage geometric entities
(un)Blank – blank or unblank independent entities
D l t delete independent entities (you can't delete a face
Delete – d l t i d d t titi ( 't d l t f
from a shell or an edge from an face)
(un)BlkAll – blank or unblank the whole model
Export – export entities in IGES or STEP format
SplitShell – split all shells and solids into independent faces
Glo/Loc – Glo lists only independent objects, Loc lists all
To 2.x – convert points/curves/surfaces to version 2.4 data
structure
Undo – undo last (un)Blank or Delete operation
ClearModel – remove all geometry objects and reference
geometry from current model

GeoTool → Heal → Face
Purpose: fix problems related to faces
Find and remove duplicated faces
Fi d d
Find and remove small faces/edges
ll f / d

GeoTool → Heal → Edge
Purpose: fix problems related to edges
Toggle – stitch neighboring faces by selecting a seed edge
U t l unstitch neighboring faces
Untoggle – tit h i hb i f
Replace – replace a raw edge with another edge
Suppress – under development (not currently used)
Suppress under development (not currently used)
Small Edges – find small edges
Break – under development (not currently used)

GeoTool → Heal → Vertex
Purpose: fix problems related to vertices
Add – insert a vertex into an edge (break the edge into two sub
edges at the new vertex)
edges at the new vertex)
Move – move a vertex on a edge to a specified position (the
new position should not be far away)
Remove – search and remove redundant vertices according to a
specified break angle

GeoTool → Heal → Hole
Purpose: find and remove holes
Inner Hole – find and remove holes that are entirely within a
single surface
single surface
Outer Hole – find and remove holes that are located on
multiple surfaces or on the outer boundary of a surface
Inner Hole
Outer hole

GeoTool → Simplify → Untrim Surface
Purpose: untrim surfaces
All Trim Edges – select wire from a face or faces to recover the
raw surface
raw surface
Inner Trim Edge Only – select wire from a face or faces to
remove all the inner edges (all holes) on the face
Manual Selection Edges – select edge from a face to remove
the selected edges by connecting or extending two neighboring
edges on the face
edges on the face

GeoTool → Simplify → Fillet Surf. Remove
Purpose: remove filleted edges from a solid surface
Find – search for filleted surfaces
A l remove fillets by extending neighbor faces and
Apply – fill t b t di i hb f d
trimming them

GeoTool → Simplify → Fillet Edge Remove
Purpose: remove filleted edges from a shell surface
Find – search for filleted surfaces
A l remove fillets by extending neighbor faces and
Apply – fill t b t di i hb f d
trimming them

GeoTool → Simplify → Edge Reshape
Purpose: reshape surface boundaries based on edge
tangents at two selected points

GeoTool → Measure
Purpose: measure the distance between two points,
the radius and angle of a circular arc, the normal of a
plane whether two circles are co centered whether
plane, whether two circles are co‐centered, whether
two lines are parallel, etc... You can also show or
hide the ID of any geometry object.
hide the ID of any geometry object.
If Vertices/Edges/Faces/Shapes are active, the label of each
corresponding entity will be shown
If a geometry object is selected, its information will be listed
If two geometry objects are selected, the relationship between
the objects will be evaluated
the objects will be evaluated

Workshop 12
p
Create Bottle Geometry

Workshop 12
Create construction vertices...
Go to Curve → Point
Enter XYZ: 25,0,0
Click Apply
Enter XYZ: 25,7.5,0
Click Apply
Enter XYZ: 0,15,0
Click Apply
Enter XYZ: ‐25,7.5,0
Click Apply
Enter XYZ: ‐25,0,0
Click Apply
( )

Create profile edges...
Go to Curve → Line
Select Method: Point/Point
Click the Selection List box
Pick vertices 1 and 2
Click Apply
Pick vertices 4 and 5
Click Apply
Go to Curve → Circular Arc
Select Method: 3 Points
Pick vertices 2, 3, and 4 (in that order)
Click Apply

Create a reference axis for reflection...
Go to Reference Geometry → Axis
Select Method: Two Points
Pick vertices 1 and 5 (in that order)
Click Apply
Reflect the profile edges...
Go to Geometry Tools → Transform
Select Transform Type: Reflect
Click in the Source Entity box
Pick all 3 edges
Click in the Point/Axis/Plane box
Pick the reference axis
Activate Copy
Click Apply
pp y

Create a surface from the profile edges...
Go to Surface → Fill Plane
Select Method: By Edges
Click Apply.

Create a solid (the Body) by extruding the profile surface...
Go to Solid → Extrude
Click the Face List box
Pick the surface
Enter End Distance: 70
Click Apply

Round the edges of the Body...
Go to Solid → Fillet
Click the Shape List box
Pick any face of the solid
Select Equal Radius
Enter Radius: 2.5
Activate Whole Shape
Click Apply

Create a reference coordinate system...
Go to Reference Geometry → Point
Select Method: Shape Center
Pick the top face (farthest from extruded edges)
Click Apply
Go to Reference Geometry → Axis
Select Method: Point to Plane
Pick the top face and the reference point
Click Apply
Go to Reference Geometry → Coordinate System
Select Method: Origin/Direction
Click the Origin box
Pick the reference point
p
Click the Z Dir box
Pick the reference axis
Click Apply
pp y

Create a solid cylinder (the Neck)...
Go to Solid → Cylinder
Click the Coordinate Sys box
Pick the coordinate system
Enter Radius: 7.5
Enter End Height: 7
Enter End Angle: 360
Click Apply
Combine the Body and Neck (to form a Bottle)...
Go to Solid → Boolean
Select Method: Union
Click the Solid Shape 1 box
Pick the Body
Click the Solid Shape 2 box
p
Pick the Neck
Click Apply

Hollow out the Bottle...
Go to Solid → Thicken
Click the Solid Shape box
Pick the Bottle
Click the Remove Faces List box
Pick the top surface of the Neck
Enter Thickness: 0.6
Click Apply

Create some circles (to create Threads on Neck)...
Select Method: Coordinate
Enter Radius: 7.9
Click Apply
Enter Radius: 7.2
Click Apply
Click the Wireframe Geometry (WirGeo)
render button

Create helices from the circles...
Go to Curve → Helix
Select Method: Height and Loop
Click the Circle/Arc List box
Pick one of the circles
Enter Height: 7
Enter Loop Number: 3
Click Apply
Click the Circle/Arc List box
Pick the other circle
Click Apply

Loft the helices and extrude the surface...
Go to Surface → Loft
Click the Profile Shapes box
Pick both helices
Click Apply
Go to Solid → Extrude
Click the Face List box
Pick the lofted surface
Click the Direction List box
Pick the axis normal to the top Neck face
(in the reference coordinate system)
Enter End Distance: 0.4
Click Apply

Remove redundant shapes...
Go to Geometry Tools → Management
In the Entity List box, select all items except the two
solid entities
lid ii
Click Delete
Click the Shaded Geometry With Edges (EdgGeo)
render button

Configuration File
Configuration File

Configuration
Configuration files
• Lsppconf – record general configuration parameters, user the
pull down menu “Setting”‐>”Configuration Settings” to set
parameters
• Lspplasttouch – record last session windows size, dialog
location, file path, etc.
• Configuire_Toolbar.cfg –
C fi i T lb f record toolbar configurations
d t lb fi ti
• .lspp_recent – record recently used files and their locations
Configuration file location
f fl l
• Windows – c:\users\uname\AppData\Roaming\LSTC\LS‐
PrePost
• Linux ‐ $HOME/LSTC/LS‐Prepost

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Introduction to LS‐PrePost

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