Lesson 1 .....................................................................................................................

II
Num bers from 1 to 10 ......................................................................................................... II
Lesson 2 .................................................................................................................... III
The singular pronouns....................................................................................................... IV
Schem e CaaCiC ................................................................................................................ IV
Lesson 3 .................................................................................................................... IV
Schem e m aCCuuC ............................................................................................................. V
Lesson 4 ..................................................................................................................... V
Dem onstratives ................................................................................................................ VII
Schem e m aCCaC ............................................................................................................ VII
Lesson 5 ................................................................................................................... VII
Pronoun suffixes .............................................................................................................. VIII
Schem e CuCuuC ............................................................................................................... IX
Lesson 6 .................................................................................................................... IX
Roots ................................................................................................................................. IX
Lesson 7 ..................................................................................................................... X
Word order ........................................................................................................................ XI
Lesson 8 ................................................................................................................... XII
Past tense of the verb 'to be' ............................................................................................XIII
Negative form of the verb 'to be' ‫ ﻟﻴﺲ‬................................................................................XIII
2T 2 T

P luperfect tense ...............................................................................................................XIII

2T 2T

S chem e m uCaCCiC and taCCiiC .................................................................................. XIV

2T 2T

L esson 9 ................................................................................................................. XIV

2T 2T

P hrases ........................................................................................................................... XIV

2T 2T

I nternal plurals ................................................................................................................. XV

2T 2T

E xternal plural .............................................................................................................. XVIII

2T 2T

D ual for nouns and adjectives ......................................................................................... XIX

2T 2T

S chem e CaCCaaC .......................................................................................................... XIX

2T 2T

L esson 10 ............................................................................................................... XIX

2T 2T

P hrases ........................................................................................................................... XIX

2T 2T

T he present tense ............................................................................................................ XXI

2T 2T

P ast continuous or past habitual ..................................................................................... XXI

2T 2T

F utur .............................................................................................................................. XXI

2T 2T

Negative form s of the verb ............................................................................................ XXII

2T 2T

S chem e CuCaCaa' ......................................................................................................... XXII

2T 2T

I
Lesson 1

‫ﺤﻴﻒ‬‫ﻊ – ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻟﻨ‬‫ﻞ ﻃﹶﻮﻳﻞ – ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ – ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺍﻟﻄﻮﻳﻞ – ﺑﻴﺖ ﻛﺒﲑ ﻭﺍﺳ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻴﺖ ﻛﹶﺒﲑ – ﺭ‬‫ﺑ‬

House ‫ﻮﺕ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬

Man ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﺭﹺﺟ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﺭ‬
Book ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻛﹸﺘ‬ ‫ﺎﺏ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻛ‬
Door ‫ﺍﺏ‬‫ﺃﺑﻮ‬ ‫ﺎﺏ‬‫ﺑ‬
Manager ‫ﻭﻥ‬‫ﻳﺮ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻳﺮ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
Street ‫ﺍﺭﹺﻉ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺎﺭﹺﻉ‬‫ﺷ‬
Boy ‫ﺃﹶﻭﻵﺩ‬ ‫ﻟﹶﺪ‬‫ﻭ‬
Window ‫ﺎﺑﹺﻴﻚ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﺎﻙ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺷ‬
Airport ‫ﺍﺕ‬‫ﻄﹶﺎﺭ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻄﹶﺎﺭ‬‫ﻣ‬
Office ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻜﹶﺎﺗ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫ ﹾﻜﺘ‬‫ﻣ‬
Tall ‫ﻃﹶﻮﹺﻳﻞ‬
Big, old (of people) ‫ﻛﹶﺒﹺﲑ‬
Small, young (of people) ‫ﲑ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﺻ‬
Short ‫ﲑ‬‫ﻗﹶﺼ‬
Busy ‫ﻮﻝ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻣ‬
Spacious ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺍﺳ‬‫ﻭ‬
Useful ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺎﻓ‬‫ﻧ‬
Famous ‫ﻮﺭ‬‫ﺸﻬ‬‫ﻣ‬
Thin ‫ﻴﻒ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﻧ‬
Far, distant ‫ﻴﺪ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﺑ‬
Wide ‫ﺮﹺﻳﺾ‬‫ﻋ‬
Clean ‫ﻴﻒ‬‫ﻈ‬‫ﻧ‬

Num bers from 1 to 10

One ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺍﺣ‬‫ﻭ‬
Two ‫ﲔ‬‫ﺛﻨ‬‫ﺍ‬
Three ‫ﺛﹶﻼﺛﺔ‬

II
 Four ‫ﻌﺔ‬‫ﺃﺭﺑ‬
Five ‫ﻤﺴﺔ‬‫ﺧ‬
Six ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺳ‬
Seven ‫ﺒﻌﺔ‬‫ﺳ‬
Eight ‫ﺛﹶﻤﺎﻧﹺﻴﺔ‬
Nine ‫ﺴﻌﺔ‬‫ﺗ‬
Ten ‫ﺮﺓ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻋ‬

Lesson 2

‫ ﻫﺎ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻧﺎﻓﻊ؟ ﺃﻫﻮ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻝ؟‬,‫ ﺃﻧﺎ ﻣﺮﻳﺾ‬,‫ﺪ ﳓﻴﻒ‬‫ ﳏﻤ‬,‫ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻃﻮﻳﻞ‬,‫ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﻛﺒﲑ‬

Dog ‫ﻠﹶﺎﺏ‬‫ﻛ‬ ‫ﻛﹶﻠﺐ‬

Student ‫ ﻃﹸﻠﱠﺎﺏ‬, ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻃﹶﻠﹶﺒ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻃﹶﺎﻟ‬
Ruler (of a country) ‫ﻜﱠﺎﻡ‬‫ ﺣ‬, ‫ﻮﻥ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺎﻛ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﻢ‬‫ﺎﻛ‬‫ﺣ‬
Clerk ‫ﺎﺏ‬‫ ﻛﹸﺘ‬, ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﻛﹶﺘ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻛﹶﺎﺗ‬
Plate, dish ‫ﻮﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﺤﻦ‬‫ﺻ‬
Box, trunk ‫ﻳﻖ‬‫ﺎﺩ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺻ‬ ‫ﻭﻕ‬‫ﻨﺪ‬‫ﺻ‬
Merchant, shopkeeper ‫ﺎﺭ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﺎﺟﹺﺮ‬‫ﺗ‬
Cupboard ‫ﻴﺐ‬‫ﺍﻟ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﻻﹶﺏ‬‫ﺩ‬
Museum ‫ﻒ‬‫ﺎﺣ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻒ‬‫ﺘﺤ‬‫ﻣ‬
Driver ‫ﻘﹸﻮﻥ‬‫ﺎﺋ‬‫ ﺳ‬, ‫ﺍﻕ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﺳ‬ ‫ﻖ‬‫ﺎﺋ‬‫ﺳ‬
Official, employee ‫ﻇﱠﻔﹸﻮﻥ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻇﱠﻒ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻣ‬
Secretary ‫ﲑ‬‫ﻜﺮﹺﺗ‬‫ﺳ‬
Just, honest ‫ﻝ‬‫ﺎﺩ‬‫ﻋ‬ Clever ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺎﻃ‬‫ﺷ‬
Beautiful, handsome ‫ﻴﻞ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺟ‬ Fat ‫ﲔ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺳ‬
Absent ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻏﹶﺎﺋ‬ Near ‫ﻗﹶﺮﹺﻳﺐ‬
Present ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺎﺿ‬‫ﺣ‬ Full ‫ﻤﻠﹸﻮﺀ‬‫ﻣ‬
Heavy ‫ﻴﻞ‬‫ﺛﹶﻔ‬ Light ‫ﻴﻒ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺧ‬
Empty ‫ﻓﹶﺎﺭﹺﻍ‬ broken ‫ﻮﺭ‬‫ﻜﹸﺴ‬‫ﻣ‬

III
The singular pronouns
I ‫ﺃﻧﺎ‬
You (m) ‫ﺃﻧﺖ‬
You (f) ‫ﺃﻧﺖ‬
He ‫ﻮ‬‫ﻫ‬
She ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬

There's two question-mark words ‫ ﻫﻞ‬and ‫ﺃ‬. The word order in the sentence doesn't change. ‫ ﻫﻞ‬is used
when the noun is definite and ‫ ﺃ‬before a pronouns or a proper name.

Schem e CaaCiC
The scheme CaaCiC (example : ‫ ) ﻧﺎﻓﻊ‬is used to form a new word from the stem. This is the active
participle of a verb, the noun/adjective which refers to someone or something which is carryying out
the action of the verb.
Example :
Paint  painter
Use  useful

Lesson 3

‫ – ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮﺗﲑﺓ ﰲ ﺍﳌﻜﺘﺐ – ﻫﻨﺎﻙ‬‫ﺓ – ﺑﻴﻮﺕ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ – ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺎﺏ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺮﻑ‬‫ﺪﺓ – ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﺍﳉﻤﻴﻠﺔ – ﺍﻟﺸﻤﺲ ﺣﺎﺭ‬‫ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺔ ﺟﻴ‬
.‫ﺯﺍﺋﺮ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻐﺮﻓﺔ‬

Girl ‫ﻨﺎﺕ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺑﹺﻨﺖ‬

Secretary (f) ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﲑﺓ‬‫ﻜﺮﹺﺗ‬‫ﺳ‬
Shelf ‫ﻓﻮﻑ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺭ‬
Tailor ‫ﻭﻥ‬- ‫ﺎﻁ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺧ‬
School ‫ﺪﺍﺭﹺﺱ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺳﺔ‬‫ﺪﺭ‬‫ﻣ‬
Visitor ‫ﺍﺭ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺯﺍﺋ‬
Room ‫ﻑ‬‫ﻏﹸﺮ‬ ‫ﻏﹸﺮﻓﺔ‬
Word ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﻤﺔ‬‫ﻛﹶﻠ‬
Car ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﺎﺭﺓ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺳ‬
Socialism ‫ّﻴﺔ‬‫ﺮﺍﻛ‬‫ﺷﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬

IV
 Library, bookshop ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﺒﺔ‬‫ﻜﺘ‬‫ﻣ‬
Writing ‫ﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬‫ﻛ‬
Sister ‫ﻮﺍﺕ‬‫ﺃﹶﺧ‬ ‫ﺃﹸﺧﺖ‬
Mother ‫ﻬﺎﺕ‬‫ﺃﹸﻣ‬ ‫ﺃﹸﻡ‬
Hand (f) ‫ﺃﹶﻳﺎﺩ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻳ‬
Sun (f) ‫ﺲ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺷ‬ ‫ﻤﺲ‬‫ﺷ‬
Market (f) ‫ﺃﹶﺳﻮﺍﻕ‬ ‫ﻮﻕ‬‫ﺳ‬
War (f) ‫ﺮﻭﺏ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺮﺏ‬‫ﺣ‬
Delegate ‫ﻭﻥ‬- ‫ﻭﺏ‬‫ﻨﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
Project ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬‫ﻣ‬
Table ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﻃﹶﺎﻭﹺﻟﺔ‬
Ground (f) ‫ﺃﹶﺭﺍﺽ‬ ‫ﺃﹶﺭﺽ‬
Town, city ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬
Chair ‫ﻛﹶﺮﺍﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻛﹸﺮﺳ‬
Large mosque ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻮﺍﻣ‬‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣ‬
Mosque ‫ﺴﺎﺟﹺﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺴﺠﹺﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
Dirty ‫ﺦ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻭ‬ Good ‫ﻴﹺّﺪ‬‫ﺟ‬
In ‫ﰲ‬ Hot, burning ‫ﺣﺎﺭ‬
On ‫ﻠﻰ‬‫ﻋ‬ Mad ‫ﺠﻨﻮﻥ‬‫ﻣ‬
From ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬ Pleased ‫ﺒﺴﻮﻁ‬‫ﻣ‬
Above, on top of ‫ﻓﹶﺮﻕ‬ Wounded, injured ‫ﺠﺮﻭﺡ‬‫ﻣ‬
Together with ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣ‬ Closed ‫ﻔﻘﻮﻝ‬‫ﻣ‬
Near, 'chez' ‫ﻨﺪ‬‫ﻋ‬ Open ‫ﻔﺘﻮﺡ‬‫ﻣ‬

Schem e m aCCuuC
The scheme maCCuuC (example : ‫ )ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ‬is the passive participle of the verb. It expresses as a noun or
adjective something to which the action of the verb has been done (written, done, closed, opened…)

Lesson 4

‫ ﺗﻠﻚ‬.‫ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﻜﺮﺍﺳﻲ ﻣﻜﺴﻮﺭﺓ‬.‫ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺐ ﺛﻔﻴﻠﺔ‬.‫ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﳌﻮﻇﹼﻒ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ‬.‫ ﺫﺍﻙ ﺍﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﻭﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ‬.‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﻘﻠﻢ ﻭﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﻮﺭﻗﺔ‬
.‫ ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﳌﻮﻇﹼﻒ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ‬.‫ﻧﻜﺘﺔ ﻗﺪﳝﺔ‬

V
 Sheet of paper ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﻗﺔ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻭ‬
Pen, pencil ‫ﺃﹶﻗﻼﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﹶﻠﹶﻢ‬
Factory ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺼﺎﻧ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺼﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
Joke ‫ﻜﹶﺖ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﻜﺘﺔ‬‫ﻧ‬
Half ‫ﺃﹶﻧﺼﺎﻑ‬ ‫ﻧﹺﺼﻒ‬
Hour, clock, watch ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬
Quarter ‫ﺃﹶﺭﺑﺎﻉ‬ ‫ﺑﻊ‬‫ﺭ‬
Third ‫ﺃﹶﺛﻼﺙ‬ ‫ﺛﹸﻠﺚ‬
House, dwelling ‫ﻨﺎﺯﹺﻝ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻨﺰﹺﻝ‬‫ﻣ‬
Worker ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻋﺎﻣ‬
Announcement ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﺇﹺﻋﻼﻥ‬
Council ‫ﺲ‬‫ﺠﺎﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺠﻠﺲ‬‫ﻣ‬
Magazine ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﻠﹼﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﻣ‬
Newspaper ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺮﺍﺋ‬‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﺮﹺﻳﺪﺓ‬‫ﺟ‬
Source ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺼﺎﺩ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺼﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
Aeroplane ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﺮﺓ‬‫ﻃﹶﺎﺋ‬
Printing house ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﻌﺔ‬‫ﻄﺒ‬‫ﻣ‬
Area, zone ‫ﻖ‬‫ﻨﺎﻃ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻨﻄﹶﻘﹶﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬
Water ‫ﻴﺎﻩ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﺀ‬
Tree ‫ﺃﹶﺷﺠﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﺮﺓ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺷ‬
Government ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬‫ﺣ‬
Cinema (f) ‫ﺳﻴﻨﻤﺎﺕ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﻨﹺﻤﺎ‬
Department, section ‫ﺃﹶﻗﺴﺎﻡ‬ ‫ﺴﻢ‬‫ﻗ‬
Ministry ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﻭﹺﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬
Cultural ‫ﺛﹶﻘﺎﰲﹼ‬ New ‫ﺪﻳﺪ‬‫ﺟ‬
Daily ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻮﻣ‬‫ﻳ‬ Diligent, hard working ‫ﻬﹺﺪ‬‫ﺠﺘ‬‫ﻣ‬
Main, principal ‫ﺋﻴﺴِﻲ‬‫ﺭ‬ Weekly ‫ﻮﻋﻲ‬‫ﺃﹸﺳﺒ‬
Special ‫ﺧﺎﺽ‬ Modern ‫ﺪﻳﺚ‬‫ﺣ‬
Except ‫ﺇﹺﻟﹼﺎ‬ General ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬
How many ‫ﻛﹶﻢ‬ Lazy, idle ‫ﻛﹶﺴﻼﻥ‬
important ‫ﻫﺎﻡ‬
VI
Dem onstratives
This That
‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬ ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺫﻟ‬ M

‫ﻩ‬‫ﺬ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻠﻚ‬‫ﺗ‬ F

The demonstrative must agree in gender (masculine or feminine) with its noun and the following noun
always takes the definite article.

To express 'this is the …' the pronoun will be inserted after the demonstrative.
Example :
This big house ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ‬
This is the big house ‫ﻫﺬﺍ ﻫﻮ ﺍﻟﺒﻴﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑ‬

Schem e m aCCaC
The scheme maCCaC (example : ‫ ) ﻣﻜﺘﺐ‬or maCCaCa or maCCic is for nouns which are the place
where the action is carried out.
For example:
To write (‫ )ﻛﺘﺐ‬gives office desk (place of writing, ‫)ﻣﻜﺘﺐ‬
To live, to dwell (‫ )ﻧﺰﻝ‬gives house (place of living, ‫)ﻣﻨﺰﻝ‬

It's impossible to predict which of the three forms the derivative will take. Besides, more than one form
can exists with a difference in meaning :
Office, desk (‫ )ﻣﻜﺘﺐ‬and library, bookshop (‫)ﻣﻜﺘﺒﺔ‬

Lesson 5

‫ ﻗﻄﻌﺔ‬.‫ ﺳﻴﺎﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﻳﺮ ﺍﻟﻜﺒﲑﺓ‬.‫ ﻗﻤﻴﺼﻲ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪ‬.‫ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬.‫ﻄﺮﺱ‬‫ ﺑﻴﺖ ﺑ‬.‫ﺔ‬‫ ﻭﺯﺍﺭﺓ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺧﻠﻴ‬.‫ ﻣﻜﺘﺐ ﺍﳌﺪﻳﺮ‬.‫ ﻏﺮﻓﺘﻬﺎ‬.‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻚ‬
.‫ ﺣﻜﻮﻣﺘﻨﺎ ﻫﺬﻩ‬.‫ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬.‫ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺭﻭﺍﻳﺎﺕ ﺗﻮﻣﺎﺱ ﻫﺎﺭﺩﻯ‬.‫ﳊﻢ‬

Shirt ‫ﻗﹸﻤﺼﺎﻥ‬ ‫ﻗﹶﻤﻴﺲ‬

University ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
Minister ‫ﺭﺍﺀ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻭﺍﺯﻳﺮ‬
Interior (political) ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺟﹺﻠﻴ‬

VII
 Meat ‫ﻟﹸﺤﻮﻡ‬ ‫ﻟﹶﺤﻢ‬
Piece ‫ﻄﹶﻌﻰ‬‫ﻗ‬ ‫ﻄﹶﻌﺔ‬‫ﻗ‬
Result ‫ﺞ‬‫ﺘﺎﺋ‬‫ﻧ‬ ‫ﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬‫ﻧ‬
Novel, story ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﺭﹺﻭﺍﻳﺔ‬
Entering, entrance ‫ﺧﻮﻝ‬‫ﺩ‬
Policy ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬‫ﺳ‬
Kilogram ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻏﺮﺍﻡ‬
Garden ‫ﻖ‬‫ﺪﺍﺋ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺪﻳﻘﺔ‬‫ﺣ‬
Bread ‫ﺒﺰ‬‫ﺧ‬
Flour ‫ﻗﻴﻖ‬‫ﺩ‬
Letter (alphabet) ‫ﺮﻭﻑ‬‫ﺣ‬ ‫ﺮﻑ‬‫ﺣ‬
Job, function ‫ﻒ‬‫ﻇﺎﺋ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬‫ﻭ‬
Bank ‫ﻮﻙ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﻨﻚ‬‫ﺑ‬
Head ‫ﺅﻭﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺃﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬
Exit ‫ﺮﻭﺝ‬‫ﺧ‬
Parcel ‫ﻃﹸﺮﻭﺩ‬ ‫ﻃﹶﺮﺩ‬
Return ‫ﺟﻮﻉ‬‫ﺭ‬
Branch (all senses) ‫ﻓﹸﺮﻭﻉ‬ ‫ﻓﹶﺮﻉ‬
Dress (lady's) ‫ﻓﹶﺴﺎﺗﲔ‬ ‫ﻓﹸﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬
Suit (of clothes) ‫ﺑﹺﺬﹶﻝ‬ ‫ﺬﻟﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬
Company ‫ﺍﺕ‬- ‫ﺮﹺﻛﺔ‬‫ﺷ‬
Oil (crude) ‫ﺑﹺﺘﺮﻭﻝ‬
Strange ‫ﻏﹶﺮﻳﺐ‬ Wonderful ‫ﺠﻴﺐ‬‫ﻋ‬
Difficult ‫ﻌﺐ‬‫ﺻ‬ Easy ‫ﻬﻞ‬‫ﺳ‬
Central ‫ﺮﻛﹶﺰﹺﻯ‬‫ﻣ‬ Cheap ‫ﺟﻴﺺ‬‫ﺭ‬
Local ‫ﻠﱢﻲ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﻣ‬ Foreign ‫ﺒﹺﻲ‬‫ﺃﹶﺟﻨ‬

Pronoun suffixes
Us, our ‫ﻧﺎ‬- Me, my ‫ﻱ‬- , ‫ﱐ‬-
You, your (m) ‫ﻛﹸﻢ‬- You, your (m) ‫ﻙ‬-
You, your (f) ‫ﻛﹸﻦ‬- You, your (f) ‫ﻙ‬-
Them, their (m) ‫ﻢ‬‫ﻫ‬- Him, his ‫ﻩ‬-
VIII
 Them, their (f) ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻫ‬- Her, her ‫ﻫﺎ‬-

The pronoun suffixes are used to exprim the possesion and also as direct object after a verb.

Expressing the possesion

To express the possession, the owner always follow the property and nothing can intervene between
property and owner. Beside the owner must be definite if the predicate is definite. The adjectives
qualifying the property will follow the owner as nothing may intervene inbetween property and owner.
When the possession is indefinite, the owner-word is simply written without definite article. If the
owner-word is definite a construction using the plural must be used. Example : ‫ﺑﻴﻮﺗﻪ‬ ‫( ﺑﻴﺖ ﻣﻦ‬one of his
houses).
The demonstrative can intervene between the property and the owner.

Schem e CuCuuC
The scheme CuCuuC (example : ‫ )ﺑﻴﻮﺕ‬is used for two reasons :
1. To form the plural of words whose singular shape is usually CaCC (example : ‫)ﺑﻴﺖ‬
2. To form the verbal noun from simple verbs. That is the word which means 'the action of doing'
(example : ‫' ﺩﺧﻮﻝ‬the act of entering : entrance').

Lesson 6
Roots

Here below a list of vocabulary and their roots :

A blow, hit ‫ﺏ‬-‫ﺭ‬-‫ﺽ‬ ‫ﺮﺏ‬‫ﺿ‬
Profit ‫ﺡ‬-‫ﺏ‬-‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﹺﺑﺢ‬
Corner ‫ﻥ‬-‫ﻙ‬-‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﻛﻦ‬‫ﺭ‬
Hero ‫ﻝ‬-‫ﻁ‬-‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﻄﹶﻞ‬‫ﺑ‬
Dirty ‫ﺥ‬-‫ﺱ‬-‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﺦ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻭ‬
Brush ‫ﺵ‬-‫ﺭ‬-‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﻓﹸﺮﺷﺔ‬
Crown ‫ﺝ‬-‫ﻭ‬-‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺗﺎﺝ‬
Time, occasion ‫ﺭ‬-‫ﺭ‬-‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺓ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻣ‬
Arrange ‫ﺏ‬-‫ﺕ‬-‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺭ‬
Righteous ‫ﺡ‬-‫ﻝ‬-‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﺢ‬‫ﺻﺎﻟ‬
Brave ‫ﻉ‬-‫ﺝ‬-‫ﺵ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﻉ‬‫ﺷ‬
Speech ‫ﻡ‬-‫ﻝ‬-‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﻛﹶﻼﻡ‬
IX
 Generous ‫ﻡ‬-‫ﺭ‬-‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﻛﹶﺮﱘ‬
Compassionate ‫ﻑ‬-‫ﺀ‬-‫ﺭ‬ ‫ﺭﺅﻭﻑ‬
Bald ‫ﻉ‬-‫ﻝ‬-‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﺃﹶﺻﻠﹶﻊ‬
Desert ‫ﺭ‬-‫ﺡ‬-‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﺤﺮﺍﺀ‬‫ﺻ‬
Friends ‫ﻕ‬-‫ﺩ‬-‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺀ‬‫ﺃﹶﺻﺪ‬
Doctors ‫ﺏ‬-‫ﺏ‬-‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﺎﺀ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺃﹶﻃ‬
Aviation ‫ﺭ‬-‫ﻱ‬-‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﺮﺍﻥ‬‫ﻃﹶﻴ‬
Statue ‫ﻝ‬-‫ﺙ‬-‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﻤﺜﺎﻝ‬‫ﺗ‬
Education ‫ﻡ‬-‫ﻝ‬-‫ﻉ‬ ‫ﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬‫ﺗ‬
Progress ‫ﻡ‬-‫ﺩ‬-‫ﻕ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻘﹶﺪ‬‫ﺗ‬
Pulpit (chaire in church) ‫ﺭ‬-‫ﺏ‬-‫ﻥ‬ ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻨﺒ‬‫ﻣ‬
Airport ‫ﺭ‬-‫ﻱ‬-‫ﻁ‬ ‫ﻄﺎﺭ‬‫ﻣ‬
Broom (balai) ‫ﺱ‬-‫ﻥ‬-‫ﻙ‬ ‫ﺴﺔ‬‫ﻜﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
Key ‫ﺡ‬-‫ﺕ‬-‫ﻑ‬ ‫ﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬‫ﻣ‬
Accountant ‫ﺏ‬-‫ﺱ‬-‫ﺡ‬ ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺤﺎﺳ‬‫ﻣ‬
Teacher ‫ﺱ‬-‫ﺭ‬-‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
Manager ‫ﺭ‬-‫ﻭ‬-‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﺪﻳﺮ‬‫ﻣ‬
Enquiry ‫ﻡ‬-‫ﻝ‬-‫ﻉ‬ ‫ﻌﻼﻡ‬‫ﺳﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬
Exam ‫ﻥ‬-‫ﺡ‬-‫ﻡ‬ ‫ﺤﺎﻥ‬‫ﻣﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬
Coup d'état ‫ﺏ‬-‫ﻝ‬-‫ﻕ‬ ‫ﻼﺏ‬‫ﻧﻘ‬‫ﺍ‬
Hand ‫ﺩ‬-‫ﻱ‬ ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻳ‬
Blood ‫ﻡ‬-‫ﺩ‬ ‫ﻡ‬‫ﺩ‬
Earthquake ‫ﻝ‬-‫ﺯ‬-‫ﻝ‬-‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﻟﺔ‬‫ﻟﺰ‬‫ﺯ‬
Box ‫ﻕ‬-‫ﺩ‬-‫ﻥ‬-‫ﺹ‬ ‫ﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬‫ﺻ‬
Emerald ‫ﺩ‬-‫ﺭ‬-‫ﻡ‬-‫ﺯ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻣﺮ‬‫ﺯ‬
Chess ‫ﺝ‬-‫ﻥ‬-‫ﺭ‬-‫ﻁ‬-‫ﺵ‬ ‫ﻧﺞ‬‫ﻄﺮ‬‫ﺷ‬
Violet ‫ﺝ‬-‫ﺱ‬-‫ﻑ‬-‫ﻥ‬-‫ﺏ‬ ‫ﺞ‬‫ﻔﺴ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺑ‬
Television ‫ﻥ‬-‫ﻱ‬-‫ﺯ‬-‫ﻑ‬-‫ﻝ‬-‫ﺕ‬ ‫ﺰﻳﻮﻥ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﺗ‬

Lesson 7

X
‫ ﻛﻠﹼﻢ‬.‫ ﺃﻛﻠﻨﺎ ﻭﺷﺮﺑﻨﺎ‬.‫ ﻫﻞ ﺩﻓﻌﺖ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻮﺱ ؟ ﻻ ﺭﻓﻀﺖ‬.‫ ﻓﺘﺤﺖ ﺍﻟﺒﺎﺏ ﻭﺩﺧﻠﺖ‬.‫ﺳﺎﻓﺮ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ ﰒﹼ ﺭﺟﻊ ﺍﱃ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬
‫ ﺍﺟﺘﻤﻌﺖ‬.‫ﺎﻝ ﺍﻟﻌﻼﻭﺓ ﻭ ﺃﺿﺮﺑﻮﺍ‬‫ ﺭﻓﺾ ﺍﻟﻌﻤ‬.‫ ﺃﻋﻠﻨﺖ ﺍﳉﺮﺍﺋﺪ ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ ﺍﻻﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ‬.‫ ﺍﻟﻄﻌﺎﻡ‬‫ ﻃﺒﺨﺖ ﺯﻭﺟﻲ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺴﺎﺋﻖ ﺍﻟﺮﺋﻴﺲ‬
‫ ﻗﺪ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺭﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻮﺯﺭﺍﺀ ﺍﱃ‬.‫ ﺃﺩﺧﻠﱵ ﺍﻟﺒﻨﺖ ﻭﺃﺟﻠﺴﱵ‬.‫ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﺡ‬‫ ﻭﺿﻌﺘﻪ ﰲ ﺷﻨﻄﻲ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺴﻜﺮﺗﲑﺍﺕ ﻭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﱭ ﻣﻨﺪﻭﺑﺘﻬﻦ‬
.‫ﺍﻟﺪﻓﺘﺮ‬ ‫ ﻣﺎ ﻭﺟﺪﻧﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻘﺮﻳﺮ ﰲ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ ﺃﻣﺲ‬

Announce (IV) ‫ﺃﹶﻋﻠﹶﻦ‬ Travel (III) ‫ﺳﺎﻓﹶﺮ‬

Strike, go on strike (IV) ‫ﺏ‬‫ﺃﹶﺿﺮ‬ Come back, return ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﺭ‬
Meet, hold a meeting
‫ﻊ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺟﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬ Enter ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺧ‬‫ﺩ‬
(VIII)
Cook ‫ﺦ‬‫ﻃﹶﺒ‬ Open ‫ﺢ‬‫ﻓﹶﺘ‬
Admit, cause to enter
Put, place ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺿ‬‫ﻭ‬ ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺩﺧ‬‫ﺃ‬
(IV)
To elect (VIII) ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﻧﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬ Push, pay ‫ﻓﹶﻊ‬‫ﺩ‬
Seat someone, cause to
‫ﺃﹶﺟﻠﹶﺲ‬ Eat ‫ﺃﹶﻛﹶﻞ‬
sit (IV)
Arrive (at) (‫ﻞ )ﺇﱃ‬‫ﺻ‬‫ﻭ‬ Refuse ‫ﻓﹶﺾ‬‫ﺭ‬
Address someone, speak
Write ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻛﹶﺘ‬ ‫ﻛﹶﻠﱠﻢ‬
to (II)
Find ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻭ‬ Drink ‫ﺮﹺﺏ‬‫ﺷ‬
Election ‫ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﺨﺎﺏ‬‫ﻧﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬ Bahrain ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬
Morning ‫ﺒﺎﺡ‬‫ﺻ‬ Kuwait ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬
Case, briefcase ‫ﻂ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻨﻄﺔ – ﺷ‬‫ﺷ‬ Money (f) ‫ﻓﹸﻠﻮﺱ‬
Report ‫ﻘﺎﺭﻳﺮ‬‫ﻔﺮﻳﺮ – ﺗ‬‫ﺗ‬ Riyadh ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ‬
Boss, chief ‫ﺳﺎﺀ‬‫ﺅ‬‫ﺋﻴﺲ – ﺭ‬‫ﺭ‬ Food ‫ﻤﺔ‬‫ﻃﹶﻌﺎﻡ – ﺃﹶﻃﻌ‬
File dosser ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻓﺎﺗ‬‫ﺮ – ﺩ‬‫ﻗﺘ‬‫ﺩ‬ Wife ‫ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻭﺟﺔ‬‫ﺯ‬
Prime minister ‫ﺍﺀ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻮ‬‫ﺭ‬ Raise (in pay) ‫ﻼﻭﺓ‬‫ﻋ‬
Not ‫ﻣﺎ‬ To, towards ‫ﺇﱃ‬
Particle to emphasise ‫ ﻟﹶﻘﹶﺪ‬,‫ﻗﹶﺪ‬ Then ‫ﺛﹸﻢ‬
The past tense
Yesterday ‫ﺃﹶﻣﺲ‬

Word order
The word order in Arabic is V+S+the rest. In that case, the V is always in the he-form or she-form.
We use the he-form for :
1. One male being
2. Two or more male beings
XI
 3. One object of grammatically masculine gender.

We use the she-form for :

1. One female being
2. Two or more female beings
3. One object, grammatically feminine.
4. Two or more of any objects.

However if a second verb comes after the subject, it has to be agree fully with it.

Lesson 8

.‫ﺎ ﰲ ﺍﳌﺴﺮﺡ‬‫ ﻛﻨ‬.‫ ﻛﻨﺖ ﰲ ﺩﰊ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳋﻤﻴﺲ‬.‫ﻪ ﻣﺮﻳﻀﺔ‬‫ ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﺃﻣ‬.‫ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺪﺱ ﻣﺸﻐﻮﻻ‬.‫ﻛﺎﻥ ﲨﺎﻝ ﻋﺒﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻗﺎﺋﺪﺍ ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺎ‬
‫ ﺇﻥﹼ‬.‫ ﺇﻥﹼ ﺍﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﺟﺎﻫﻞ‬.‫ ﺃﺻﺒﺤﺖ ﺍﻻﻣﻮﺭ ﻣﻌﻘﹼﺪﺓ‬.‫ﺎﺭﺍ‬‫ ﺻﺎﺭ ﺍﳌﺎﻙ ﺟﺒ‬.‫ ﻟﻴﺴﺖ ﺃﺧﺘﻬﺎ ﲨﻴﻠﺔ‬.‫ﻟﻴﺲ ﻫﺬﺍ ﺍﻟﱪﻧﺎﻣﺞ ﻣﻨﺎﺳﺒﺎ ﻟﻼﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬
.‫ ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ ﻗﺪ ﺃﻛﻠﻮﺍ‬.‫ ﻛﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﻮﻓﺪ ﻗﺪ ﻭﺻﻞ‬.‫ﻪ ﺫﻛﻲ‬‫ ﺇﻧ‬.‫ﺪﺍ ﻋﺎﻣﻞ ﳎﺘﻬﺪ‬‫ ﺇﻥﹼ ﳏﻤ‬.‫ﻫﺬﻩ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﺎﺳﺔ ﺍﻓﺎﺷﻠﺔ‬

Theatre ‫ﺴﺎﺭﹺﺡ‬‫ﺡ – ﻣ‬‫ﺴﺮ‬‫ﻣ‬ Day ‫ﺎﻡ‬‫ﻮﻡ – ﺃﹶﻳ‬‫ﻳ‬

Leader ‫ ﻗﺎﺩﺓ‬, ‫ﺍﺩ‬‫ﺪ – ﻗﹸﺆ‬‫ﻗﺎﺋ‬ Sunday ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻷَﺣ‬
Engineer (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺱ‬‫ﻨﺪ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﻣ‬ Monday ‫ﲔ‬‫ﺛﻨ‬‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻻ‬
Programme ‫ﺞ‬‫ﺮﺍﻣ‬‫ﺞ – ﺑ‬‫ﺮﻧﺎﻣ‬‫ﺑ‬ Tuesday ‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﹶﻼﺛﺎﺀ‬
Child, baby ‫ﻔﻞ – ﺃﹶﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬‫ﻃ‬ Wednesday ‫ﻌﺎﺀ‬‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻷَﺭﺑ‬
King ‫ﻠﻮﻙ‬‫ﻚ – ﻣ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻣ‬ Thursday ‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳋﹶﻤﻴﺲ‬
Tyrant ‫ﺒﺎﺑﹺﺮﺓ‬‫ﺎﺭ – ﺟ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺟ‬ Friday ‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳉﹸﻤﻌﺔ‬
Matter, affair ‫ﺃﹶﻣﺮ – ﺃﹸﻣﻮﺭ‬ Saturday ‫ﺒﺖ‬‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺴ‬
Delegation ‫ﻓﻮﺩ‬‫ﻓﺪ – ﻭ‬‫ﻭ‬ Editor (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﻣ‬
Arrangement (‫ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬‫ﺗ‬ Representative, actor (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺜﱢﻞ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣ‬
Education ‫ﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬‫ﺗ‬ Dubaï ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺩ‬
Organiser (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻈﱢﻢ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬ Exercise ‫ﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬‫ﻤﺮﻳﻦ – ﺗ‬‫ﺗ‬
Inspector (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺶ‬‫ﻔﹶﺘ‬‫ﻣ‬ Teacher (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
Great, mighty ‫ﻈﻴﻢ‬‫ﻋ‬ Complicated ‫ﻘﱠﺪ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬
Clever, intelligent ‫ﺫﹶﻛﻲ‬ Suitable, fitting ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻨﺎﺳ‬‫ﻣ‬
Futile, a failure ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻓﺎﺷ‬ Ignorant ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺟﺎﻫ‬
He was ‫ﻛﺎﻥﹶ‬ He is not ‫ﻟﹶﻴﺲ‬
He became (IV) ‫ﺢ‬‫ﺃﹶﺻﺒ‬ He taught (II) ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺩ‬

XII
 He appointed,
He became ‫ﺻﺎﺭ‬ ‫ﻇﱠﻒ‬‫ﻭ‬
employed (II)
He arranged (II) ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺭ‬ He took ‫ﺬ‬‫ﺃﹶﺧ‬

Past tense of the verb 'to be'

Plural Singular
‫ﻛﺎﻧﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻥ‬ 3rd m.

‫ﻛﹸﻦ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﻛﺎﻧ‬ 3rd f.

‫ﻢ‬‫ﻛﹸﻨﺘ‬ ‫ﻛﹸﻨﺖ‬ 2nd m.

P P

‫ﻦ‬‫ﻛﹸﻨﺘ‬ ‫ﻛﹸﻨﺖ‬ 2nd f.

P P

‫ﻛﹸﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﹸﻨﺖ‬ 1st

The accusative marker which is the letter ‫ﺍ‬ while writting must be put on all indefinite accusative.
Accusative may be found after all verbs and that includes 'to be' or 'to become'. However it is not added
if there are suffixes (like feminine ending) or if the noun is definite.

Negative form of the verb 'to be' ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬

Plural Singular
‫ﻟﻴﺴﻮﺍ‬ ‫ﻟﻴﺲ‬ 3rd m.

‫ﻟﹶﺴﻦ‬ ‫ﺖ‬‫ﻟﻴﺴ‬ 3rd f.

‫ﻢ‬‫ﻟﹶﺴﺘ‬ ‫ﻟﹶﺴﺖ‬ 2nd m.

P P

‫ﻦ‬‫ﻟﹶﺴﺘ‬ ‫ﻟﹶﺴﺖ‬ 2nd f.

P P

‫ﻟﹶﺴﻨﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﹶﺴﺖ‬ 1st

Sometimes to do a sentences type 'X is Y', Arab writers use the particle ‫ﺇﻥﹼ‬. In that case, the subject (X)
must wear the accusative marker considering the rules above.

Pluperfect tense
It is possible to form the pluperfect tense by adding ‫ ﻛﺎﻥ‬before a verb in the past tense. The structure of
this sentences would be :
‫ ﻛﺎﻥ‬+ subject + main verb + following.
The verbs will be accorded according to the rules. The particle ‫ ﻗﹶﺪ‬can be added directly before the main
verb to emphasise the finality of the action, that it is completely over and done with.

XIII
Schem e m uCaCCiC and taCCiiC
The scheme muCaCCiC (‫ )ﳑﺜﹼﻞ‬is the active participle of Verb Form II. It indicates the person who
carries out the action of that verb. In other words it is 'someone who does the action of the verb'.
Example : ‫ ﻣﺜﹼﻞ‬means 'to represent' so ‫ ﳑﺜﹼﻞ‬means 'someone who represent' = a representative (in that case
also 'an actor'). The scheme muCaCCaC is the passive participle of the verb so it means ’someone who
have had the action done to him'. Example : ‫ﻭﻇﹼﻒ‬ 'to employ' gives ‫ ﻣﻮﻇﹼﻒ‬: 'someone that have been
employed' or 'an employee'.
The scheme taCCiiC (‫ )ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬is the verbal noun from the verb From II. The verbal noun expresses the
action of the verb. Example : ‫ﺐ‬‫ ﺭﺗ‬means 'to put in order, to arrange' therefore ‫ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬means 'arranging,
arrangement, organisation'.

Lesson 9
Phrases
.‫ﺶ ﻣﻮﻇﹼﻒ ﺍﳉﻤﺎﺭﻙ ﺍﳌﺴﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺍﳌﻐﺎﺩﺭﻳﻦ‬‫ ﻓﺘ‬.‫ ﻭﺻﻞ ﺍﳊﻔﹼﺎﺭﻭﻥ ﺃﻣﺲ‬.‫ﺳﺎﺕ ﺍﳉﺪﻳﺪﺍﺕ‬‫ ﺍﳌﺪﺭ‬.‫ ﺍﳌﻬﻨﺪﺳﻮﻥ ﺍﳉﺪﺩ‬.‫ﻣﺪﻥ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ‬
‫ﻮﻥ؟ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻫﺆﻻﺀ‬‫ ﺃﺃﻧﺘﻢ ﻣﺼﺮﻳ‬.‫ ﳓﻦ ﲡﹼﺎﺭ ﰲ ﺍﻟﻌﺎﺻﻤﺔ‬.‫ﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺎﻝ ﰲ ﻣﺼﻨﻊ ﺍﻟﺴﻴ‬‫ ﻫﻢ ﻋﻤ‬.‫ﺩﺧﻠﺖ ﺍﻟﻄﺎﻟﺒﺎﺕ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺎﺕ ﻛﺜﲑﺓ‬
.‫ ﺧﺮﺝ ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﻴﻨﻤﺎ‬.‫ﺎﻃﺎﺕ ﻣﺎﻫﺮﺍﺕ‬‫ ﺃﻭﻻﺋﻚ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺎﺀ ﺧﻴ‬.‫ﺍﻷﻭﻻﺩ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻠﻚ ﺍﳌﺪﺍﺭﺱ‬

Driller (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻔﹼﺎﺭ‬‫ﺣ‬ Traveller (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺴﺎﻓ‬‫ﻣ‬

Customs (‫ﻤﺎﺭﹺﻙ‬‫ﻙ )ﺟ‬‫ﻤﺮ‬‫ﺟ‬ Capital (city) (‫ﻢ‬‫ﻮﺍﺻ‬‫ﻤﺔ )ﻋ‬‫ﻋﺎﺻ‬
Woman (‫ ﺍﳌﹶﺮﺃﹶﺓ )ﻧﹺﺴﺎﺀ‬,‫ﺃﹶﺓ‬‫ﻣﺮ‬‫ﺍ‬ Friend (‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ )ﺃﹶﺻﺤﺎﺏ‬
Article (newspaper) (‫ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬ Friend (‫ﻗﺎﺀ‬‫ﺪﻳﻖ )ﺃﹶﺻﺪ‬‫ﺻ‬
Painter, artist (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﻡ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﺭ‬ Liar (lying) (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻛﹶﺬﹼﺍﺏ‬
Tank (military) (‫ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﺎﺑﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺩ‬ Welder (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﻡ‬‫ﻟﹶﺤ‬
Porter (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺣ‬ Carpenter (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﺭ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﻧ‬
Accountant (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺤﺎﺳ‬‫ﻣ‬ Cook (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﺝ‬‫ﻃﹶﺒ‬
Baker (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﺯ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬ Contractor (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻘﺎﻭﹺﻝ‬‫ﻣ‬
Nurse (f) (‫ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﺿﺔ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣ‬ Electrician (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺑﺎﺋ‬‫ﻛﹶﻬﺮ‬
Passenger (‫ﻛﹼﺎﺏ‬‫ﺐ )ﺭ‬‫ﺭﺍﻛ‬ Guest (‫ﻴﻮﻑ‬‫ﻴﻒ )ﺿ‬‫ﺿ‬
Stapler, stapling
fridge (‫ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﺛﹶﻠﻼﹼﺟﺔ‬ (‫ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﺎﺳﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺩ‬
machine
Much, many (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻛﹶﺜﲑ‬ Experienced, expert (‫ﺮﺍﺀ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺒﲑ )ﺧ‬‫ﺧ‬
Little, few (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻗﹶﻠﻴﻞ‬ Complete ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻛﺎﻣ‬
Egyptian (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺼﺮﹺﻯ‬‫ﻣ‬ Poor (‫ﻓﹶﻘﲑ )ﻓﹸﻘﺎﺭﺍﺀ‬

XIV
 Skilled (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻣﺎﻫ‬ Sad (‫ﻰ‬‫ﺰﺍﻧ‬‫ﺰﻳﻦ )ﺣ‬‫ﺣ‬
Quick, fast (‫ﺮﺍﻉ‬‫ﺮﻳﻊ )ﺳ‬‫ﺳ‬ Departing (‫ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻐﺎﺩ‬‫ﻣ‬
Examine, search (II) ‫ﺶ‬‫ﻓﹶﺘ‬ Read ‫ﺃ‬‫ﻗﹶﺮ‬
Work (VIII) ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﺷﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬ Request, ask for ‫ﻃﹶﻠﹶﺐ‬
Earn, gain ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻛﹶﺴ‬ Send (a person) (IV) ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺃﹶﺭﺳ‬
Ask (a question) ‫ﺄﹶﻝ‬‫ﺳ‬ Go ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺫﹶﻫ‬

Internal plurals
One of the basic rules is the closer the adjective are from the 3 letter root, the more likely it will have a
internal plural.
There are several schemes to create the internal plural.

Four-radical words :
There are only 2 singular-plural correlation worth learning applying to four-radical words. Words
which have a short vowel between C3 et C4 take the internal plural pattern CaCaaCiC and those which
P P P P

have a long vowel in this position take CaCaaCiiC

Example :

XV
XVI
XVII
External plural
There are two types of external or suffix plural in Arabic, one masculine and feminine.
Masculine external plural
This type of plural may only be used on words referring to male human beings.
Suffix Example
Nominative case ‫ﻭﻥ‬- ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﻮﻥ‬
Other cases ‫ﻳﻦ‬- ‫ﻣﻬﻨﺪﺳﲔ‬

Fem inine external plural

It is formed by adding for all cases ‫–ﺍﺕ‬. It can applied to both animate and inanimate words. This
external plural can be expected with the words :
- Denoting female human beings and have in the singular the feminine ending ‫ﺓ‬
- Having a fairly complex pattern denoting neuters (things, ideas, also sometimes animals)

Agreem ent of adjectives in the plural

Plurals of things and abstracts are regarded as feminine singulars. However adjectives are regarded as
nouns and therefore have equal rights for their plural form. Here some rules to form the plural of
adjectives :
- For females, the external plural ending is used
- For males, either the masculine external plural or the internal plural is used. If it is complex, it
will take an external plural.

Most of the adjectives with a word shape CaCiiC will have their plural in CiCaaC.

Exam ple of adjectives and their plurals

Lazy ‫ﻛﺴﻼﻥ‬ ‫ﻛﹶﺴﺎﻟﹶﻰ‬ Old ‫ﻛﺒﲑ‬ ‫ﺒﺎﺭ‬‫ﻛ‬
Young ‫ﺻﻐﲑ‬ ‫ﻐﺎﺭ‬‫ﺻ‬ Thin ‫ﳓﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﹺﺤﺎﻑ‬
Clean ‫ﻧﻈﻴﻒ‬ ‫ﻧﹺﻈﺎﻑ‬ Tall ‫ﻃﻮﻳﻞ‬ ‫ﻮﺍﻝ‬‫ﻃ‬
Short ‫ﻗﺼﲑ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺭ‬‫ﻗ‬ Famous ‫ﻣﺸﻬﻮﺭ‬ ‫ﺸﺎﻫﲑ‬‫ﻣ‬
XVIII
 Clever ‫ﺷﺎﻃﺮ‬ ‫ﻄﹼﺎﺭ‬‫ﺷ‬ Fat ‫ﲰﲔ‬ ‫ﻤﺎﻥ‬‫ﺳ‬
Handsome ‫ﲨﻴﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﹺﻤﺎﻝ‬ Mad ‫ﳎﻨﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺠﺎﻧﲔ‬‫ﻣ‬
Strange ‫ﻏﺮﻳﺐ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺀ‬‫ﻏﹸﺮ‬ Foreign ‫ﺃﺟﻨﱯ‬ ‫ﺃﹶﺟﺎﻧﹺﺐ‬
Great ‫ﻋﻈﻴﻢ‬ ‫ﻈﹶﻤﺎﺀ‬‫ﻋ‬ Intelligent ‫ﺫﻛﻲ‬ ‫ﻴﺎﺀ‬‫ﺃﹸﺫﻛ‬
Ignorant ‫ﺟﺎﻫﻞ‬ ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﺟ‬ New ‫ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‬ ‫ﺩ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﺟ‬

Plural of the dem onstratives

It is used only to refer to human beings and are the same for both men and women.
These : ِ‫ﻻﺀ‬‫ﺆ‬‫ﻫ‬
Those : ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺃﹸﻭﻟﹶﺌ‬

Dual for nouns and adjectives

In Arab there is another plural that is used to express two of something.
For nouns and adjectives
Suffix Example
Nominative case ‫ﺍﻥ‬- ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎﻥ‬
Other cases ‫ﻳﻦ‬- ‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﲔ‬

For verbs and pronouns

Separate pronoun Suffix pronoun Verb past stem suffix
You two ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺃﹶﻧﺘ‬ ‫ﻛﹸﻤﺎ‬- ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﺗ‬-
They two (m) ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﻫ‬ ‫ﻤﺎ‬‫ﻫ‬- ‫ﺍ‬-
They two (f) - - ‫ﺗﺎ‬-
Schem e CaCCaaC
The scheme CaCCaaC (‫ﺎﻡ‬‫ )ﺭﺳ‬express a word describing people and what they do. It is originally an
intensive adjective describing someone who does something habitually, repeatedly or excessively and
now is become a noun. It is still possible to use those words as a noun and as an adjective like ‫ﻛﺬﺍﺏ‬

Lesson 10
Phrases
‫ ﻣﺎﺫﺍ ﺗﺄﻛﻞ‬.‫ ﻳﺪﺭﺱ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﺎﻫﺮﺓ‬.‫ﻝ ﺍﻟﺸﻬﺮ‬‫ﺔ ﰲ ﺃﻭ‬‫ ﺗﻨﺸﺮ ﺍﳊﻜﻮﻣﺔ ﺍﻻﺣﺼﺎﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺮﲰﻴ‬.‫ﻳﺴﻜﻨﻮﻥ ﰲ ﺷﻘﹼﺔ ﻛﺒﲑﺓ ﰲ ﻟﻨﺪﻥ‬
‫ ﻻ ﻧﻌﺮﻑ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﻋﻦ‬.‫ ﺳﺄﺫﻫﺐ ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺴﺒﺖ‬.‫ﻡ ﺍﻟﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻟﻘﻮﻣﻲ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﳎﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺮﻗﺺ ﺍﻟﺸﻌﱯ ﻏﺪﺍ‬‫ﰲ ﺍﻟﺼﺒﺎﺡ؟ ﺳﻮﻑ ﻳﻘﺪ‬
.‫ﻲ ﺟﻨﻴﻬﲔ‬‫ ﺃﺧﺬ ﻣﻨ‬.‫ ﺳﺄﺩﻓﻊ ﻟﻪ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻮﺱ‬.‫ ﻳﻀﺤﻚ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‬.‫ ﻟﻦ ﻳﺮﺟﻌﻮﺍ ﺍﱃ ﻭﻃﻨﻬﻢ ﺃﺑﺪﺍ‬.‫ﺍﻟﺼﺎﺩﺭﺍﺕ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺍﺭﺩﺍﺕ‬

XIX
 Flat, apartment ‫ﻘﹶﻖ‬‫ﻘﹼﺔ – ﺷ‬‫ﺷ‬ London ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻟﹶﻨﺪ‬
Statistics ‫ﻴﺎﺕ‬‫ﺇﹺﺣﺼﺎﺋ‬ Month ‫ﻮﺭ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ ﺷ‬,‫ﺮ‬‫ﻬﺮ – ﺃﹶﺷﻬ‬‫ﺷ‬
Troupe, team ‫ﻓﹶﺮﻳﻖ – ﺃﹶﻓﺮﹺﻗﺔ‬ Dance ‫ﻗﺺ‬‫ﺭ‬
Thing ‫ﻲﺀ – ﺃﹶﺷﻴﺎﺀ‬‫ﺷ‬ Exports ‫ﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺻﺎﺩ‬
Homeland ‫ﻃﹶﻦ – ﺃﻭﻃﺎﻥ‬‫ﻭ‬ Imports ‫ﻭﺍﺭﹺﺩﺍﺕ‬
Coffee ‫ﻗﹶﻬﻮﺓ‬ Pound (£) ‫ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻴﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺟ‬
Language ‫ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻟﹸﻐﺔ‬ God ‫ﺍﻟﻠﹼﻪ‬
Ambassador ‫ﻔﹶﺮﺍﺀ‬‫ﻔﲑ – ﺳ‬‫ﺳ‬ Prince ‫ﺮﺍﺀ‬‫ﺃﹶﻣﲑ – ﺃﹸﻣ‬
Expert ‫ﺮﺍﺀ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺒﲑ – ﺧ‬‫ﺧ‬ Writer, literary man ‫ﺑﺎﺀ‬‫ﺃﹶﺩﻳﺐ – ﺃﹸﺩ‬
Miser ‫ﻼﺀ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﺨﻴﻞ – ﻧ‬‫ﻧ‬ Soldier, policeman ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺴﺎﻛ‬‫ﺴﻜﹶﺮﻯ – ﻋ‬‫ﻋ‬
Publish (u) ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺸ‬‫ﻧ‬ Study (u) ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺩ‬
Know, come to know
Present (II) ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻘﹶﺪ‬‫ﻡ – ﻳ‬‫ﻗﹶﺪ‬ (i)
‫ﻑ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻋ‬
Laugh (a) ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﺿ‬ Defend (III) (‫ﻊ )ﻋﻦ‬‫ﺪﺍﻓ‬‫ﺍﻓﹶﻊ – ﻳ‬‫ﺩ‬
Live in, dwell (u) ‫ﻜﹶﻦ‬‫ﺳ‬ Dance (u) ‫ﻗﹶﺺ‬‫ﺭ‬
Understand (a) ‫ﻓﹶﻬﹺﻢ‬ Carry (i) ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺣ‬
Spend (money) (i) ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﺻ‬ Play (a) ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻟﹶﻌ‬
Official ‫ﲰﻲ‬‫ﺭ‬ National ‫ﻗﹶﻮﻣﻲ‬
Other (f.) (‫ﺮ )ﺃﹸﺧﺮﻯ‬‫ﺁﺟ‬ Folk ‫ﻌﱯ‬‫ﺷ‬
English ‫ﻠﻴﺰ‬‫ﳒ‬‫ – ﺍ‬‫ﻠﻴﺰﻯ‬‫ﳒ‬‫ﺍ‬ Arab, Arabic ‫ﺏ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ – ﻋ‬‫ﰊ‬‫ﺮ‬‫ﻋ‬
Last ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺁﺧ‬ First (f.) (‫ﻝ )ﺃﹸﻭﻟﹶﻰ‬‫ﺃﹶﻭ‬
Tomorrow ‫ﻏﹶﺪﺍﹰ‬ Never ‫ﺪﺍﹰ‬‫ﺃﹶﺑ‬
Before ‫ﻗﹶﺒﻞ‬ After ‫ﻌﺪ‬‫ﺑ‬
Under, below ‫ﺤﺖ‬‫ﺗ‬ To, for -‫ﻝﹺ‬
From, of, about ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬ With (chez) ‫ﻯ‬‫ﻟﹶﺪ‬
With, by means of, in,
What (before verbs) ‫ﻣﺎﺫﺍ‬ by,
-‫ﺏﹺ‬
A lot, much ‫ﻛﹶﺜﲑﺍﹰ‬

XX
The present tense

The present tense is formed by adding prefixe and sometimes suffixes.

Singular Plural
‫ﻳﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﻮ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﻫﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻫﻲ‬ ‫ﻳﻜﺘﱭ‬ ‫ﻫﻦ‬
‫ﺗﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺘﺒﻮﻥ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺘﻢ‬
‫ﺗﻜﺘﺒﲔ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺖ‬ ‫ﺗﻜﺘﱭ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﱳ‬
‫ﺃﻛﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﺃﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻧﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﳓﻦ‬

In the verbs of the category II, III and IV, all the prefixes are vowelled u instead of a.
The present stems of the complex verbs which are numbered II to X are predictable by rule. However
the present stems of the simple verbs can vary by the middle radical vowels and they have to be learned.

Present stem form ation for the sim ple verbs

Past stem Vowel on C2  Vowel on C2
P Present stem
P

CaCaC A  U or i CCuC or CCiC

CaCiC I  A CCaC
CaCuC U  U CCuC

Present form ation for the com plex verb

Past stem Present stem
II CaCCaC  CaCCiC
III CaaCaC  CaaCiC
IV ‫ﺃ‬CCaC  CCiC
V ‫ﺕ‬CaCCaC  ‫ﺕ‬CaCCaC
VI ‫ﺕ‬CaaCaC  ‫ﺕ‬CaaCaC
VII ‫ﺍ‬ ‫ﻥ‬CaCaC  ‫ﻥ‬CaCiC
VIII ‫ﺍ‬C‫ﺕ‬CaC  C‫ﺕ‬CiC
X ‫ﺲ ﺍ‬‫ﺗ‬CCaC  ‫ﺲ ﺍ‬‫ﺗ‬CCiC

Past continuous or past habitual

It is formed with the present preceded by the verb ‫ ﻛﺎﻥ‬at the past.
Example : ‫ﻳﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ ﻛﺎﻥ‬: he was writing, he used to write

Futur
The futur is formed with the present preceded by the word ‫ﻮﻑ‬‫ ﺳ‬or by the present with the suffix ‫ﺱ‬.

XXI
Example : ‫ﻳﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ ﺳﻴﻜﺘﺐ – ﺳﻮﻑ‬: he will write

Negative form s of the verb

1. Present : the negative form is done by using the word ‫ ﻻ‬+ the present. Example : I don't write :
‫ﻻ ﺃﻛﺘﺐ‬
2. Future : the negative form is done by using the word ‫ ﻟﹶﻦ‬+ the subjunctive. Example : I will not
write : ‫ﻳﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﻟﻦ‬
3. Past : the negative form is done by using the word ‫ ﻣﺎ‬+ the past or ‫ ﻟﹶﻢ‬+ the jussive. Example : I
didn't write : ‫ﻳﻜﺘﺐ‬ ‫ﱂ‬

Schem e CuCaCaa'
This scheme is common for the internal plural of nouns of scheme CaCiiC, when they refer to male
human beings. Example : ‫ﻭﺯﺭﺍﺀ‬ – ‫ﻭﺯﻳﺮ‬

XXII
 ÔÎfà≈ÿ^=Ô…Ÿÿ^=m^ÉàÕ‹

Never ‫ﺪﺍﹰ‬‫ﺃﹶﺑ‬
2 ‫ﲔ‬‫ﺛﻨ‬‫ﺍ‬
Meet, hold a meeting (VIII) ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺟﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬
Other (f.) (‫ﺮ )ﺃﹸﺧﺮﻯ‬‫ﺁﺟ‬
Seat someone, cause to sit (IV) ‫ﺃﹶﺟ ﻠﹶﺲ‬
foreign ‫ﺒﹺﻲ‬‫ﺃﹶﺟﻨ‬
Statistics ‫ﻴﺎﺕ‬‫ﺇﹺﺣﺼﺎﺋ‬
sister ‫ﻮﺍﺕ‬‫ ﺃﹶﺧ‬- ‫ﺃﹸﺧﺖ‬
He took ‫ﺬ‬‫ﺃﹶﺧ‬
Last ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺁﺧ‬
Admit, cause to enter (IV) ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺩﺧ‬‫ﺃ‬
Writer, literary man ‫ﺑﺎﺀ‬‫ﺃﹶﺩﻳﺐ – ﺃﹸ ﺩ‬
4 ‫ﻌﺔ‬‫ﺃﺭﺑ‬
Send (a person) (IV) ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺃﹶﺭﺳ‬
earth, ground ‫ ﺃﹶﺭﺍﺽ‬- ‫ﺃﹶﺭﺽ‬
weekly ‫ﻮﻋﻲ‬‫ﺃﹶﺳﺒ‬
enquiry ‫ﻌﻼﻡ‬‫ﺳﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬
socialism ‫ﺮﺍﻛﱢﻴﺔ‬‫ﺷﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬
Work (VIII) ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ﺷﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬
He became (IV) ‫ﺢ‬‫ﺃﹶﺻﺒ‬
 bald ‫ﺃﹶﺻ ﻠﹶﻊ‬
Strike, go on strike (IV) ‫ﺏ‬‫ﺃﹶﺿ ﺮ‬
announcement ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﺇﹺﻋﻼﻥ‬
Announce (IV) ‫ﺃﹶﻋ ﻠﹶﻦ‬
Eat ‫ﺃﹶﻛﹶﻞ‬
except ‫ﺇﹺﻟﹼﺎ‬
To, towards ‫ﺇﱃ‬
mother ‫ﻬﺎﺕ‬‫ ﺃﹸﻣ‬- ‫ﺃﹸﻡ‬
exam ‫ﺤﺎﻥ‬‫ﻣﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬
Matter, affair ‫ﺃﹶﻣﺮ – ﺃﹸﻣﻮﺭ‬
Woman (‫ ﺍﳌﹶﺮﺃﹶﺓ )ﻧﹺﺴﺎﺀ‬,‫ﺃﹶﺓ‬‫ﻣ ﺮ‬‫ﺍ‬
Yesterday ‫ﺃﹶﻣﺲ‬
Prince ‫ﺮﺍﺀ‬‫ﺃﹶﻣﲑ – ﺃﹸﻣ‬
I ‫ﺃﻧﺎ‬
you (masc) ‫ﺃﻧﺖ‬
you (fem) ‫ﺃﻧﺖ‬
Election ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﺨﺎﺏ‬‫ﻧﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬
To elect (VIII) ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﻧﺘ‬‫ﺍ‬
English ‫ﻠﻴﺰ‬‫ﳒ‬‫ – ﺍ‬‫ﻠﻴﺰﻯ‬‫ﳒ‬‫ﺍ‬
coup d'état ‫ﻼﺏ‬‫ﻧﻔ‬‫ﺍ‬
First (f.) (‫ﻝ )ﺃﹸﻭﻟﹶﻰ‬‫ﺃﹶﻭ‬
With, by means of, in, by, -‫ﺏﹺ‬
door ‫ﺍﺏ‬‫ ﺃﹶﺑﻮ‬- ‫ﺑﺎﺏ‬
oil (crude) ‫ﺑﹺﺘﺮﻭﻝ‬
Bahrain ‫ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺮﻳﻦ‬
suit (of clothes) ‫ ﺑﹺﺬﹶﻝ‬- ‫ﺬﻟﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬
Programme ‫ﺞ‬‫ﺮﺍﻣ‬‫ﺞ – ﺑ‬‫ﺮﻧﺎﻣ‬‫ﺑ‬
hero ‫ﻄﹶﻞ‬‫ﺑ‬
After ‫ﻌﺪ‬‫ﺑ‬
far, distant ‫ﻌﻴﺪ‬‫ﺑ‬
girl ‫ﻨﺎﺕ‬‫ ﺑ‬- ‫ﺑﹺﻨﺖ‬
violet ‫ﺞ‬‫ﻔ ﺴ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺑ‬
bank ‫ﻮﻙ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ ﺑ‬- ‫ﻨﻚ‬‫ﺑ‬
house ‫ﻮﺕ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ ﺑ‬- ‫ﻴﺖ‬‫ﺑ‬
crown ‫ﺗﺎﺝ‬
merchant, shopkeeper ‫ﺎﺭ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ ﺗ‬-‫ﺗﺎﺟﹺﺮ‬
Under, below ‫ﺤﺖ‬‫ﺗ‬
Arrangement (‫ ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﺮﺗﻴﺐ‬‫ﺗ‬
9 ‫ﺴﻌﺔ‬‫ﺗ‬
education ‫ﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬‫ﺗ‬
Education ‫ﻌﻠﻴﻢ‬‫ﺗ‬
progress ‫ّﻡ‬‫ﻘﹶﺪ‬‫ﺗ‬
 Report ‫ﻘﺎﺭﻳﺮ‬‫ﻘﺮﻳﺮ – ﺗ‬‫ﺗ‬
television ‫ﺰﻳﻮﻥ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ ﻠ‬‫ﺗ‬
statue ‫ﻤﺜﺎﻝ‬‫ﺗ‬
Exercise ‫ﻤﺎﺭﻳﻦ‬‫ﻤﺮﻳﻦ – ﺗ‬‫ﺗ‬
heavy ‫ﺛﹶﻔﻴﻞ‬
cultural ‫ﺛﹶﻘﹶﺎﰲﹼ‬
3 ‫ﺛﹶﻼﺛﺔ‬
third ‫ ﺃﹶﺛﻼﺙ‬- ‫ﺛﹸﻠﺚ‬
fridge (‫ ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﺛﹶﻠﻼﹼﺟﺔ‬
Then ‫ﺛﹸﻢ‬
8 ‫ﺛﹶﻤﺎﻧﹺﻴﺔ‬
mosque (large) ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻮﺍﻣ‬‫ ﺟ‬- ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣ‬
university ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
Ignorant ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺟﺎﻫ‬
Tyrant ‫ﺒﺎﺑﹺﺮﺓ‬‫ﺎﺭ – ﺟ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺟ‬
new ‫ﺪﻳﺪ‬‫ﺟ‬
newspaper ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺮﺍﺋ‬‫ ﺟ‬- ‫ﺮﻳﺪﺓ‬‫ﺟ‬
Customs (‫ﻤﺎﺭﹺﻙ‬‫ﻙ )ﺟ‬‫ﻤ ﺮ‬‫ﺟ‬
beautiful, handsome ‫ﻤﻴﻞ‬‫ﺟ‬
Pound (£) ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻴﻪ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﺟ‬
good ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺟ‬
 hot, burning ‫ﺣﺎﺭ‬
present ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺎ ﺿ‬‫ﺣ‬
ruler (of a country) ‫ ﻭﻥ‬- - ‫ﻢ‬‫ﺣﺎﻛ‬
modern ‫ﺪﻳﺚ‬‫ﺣ‬
garden ‫ﻖ‬‫ﺪﺍﺋ‬‫ ﺣ‬- ‫ﺪﻳﻘﺔ‬‫ﺣ‬
war ‫ﺮﻭﺏ‬‫ ﺣ‬- ‫ﺮﺏ‬‫ﺣ‬
letter (alphabet) ‫ﺮﻭﻑ‬‫ ﺣ‬- ‫ﺮﻑ‬‫ﺣ‬
Sad (‫ﻰ‬‫ﺰﺍﻧ‬‫ﺰﻳﻦ )ﺣ‬‫ﺣ‬
Driller (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻔﹼﺎﺭ‬‫ﺣ‬
government ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻜﻮﻣﺔ‬‫ﺣ‬
Porter (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺣ‬
Carry (i) ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﺣ‬
Baker (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﺯ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺧ‬
bread ‫ﺒﺰ‬‫ﺧ‬
Expert ‫ﺮﺍﺀ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺒﲑ – ﺧ‬‫ﺧ‬
Experienced, expert (‫ﺮﺍﺀ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺒﲑ )ﺧ‬‫ﺧ‬
exit ‫ﺮﻭﺝ‬‫ﺧ‬
light ‫ﻔﻴﻒ‬‫ﺧ‬
5 ‫ﻤﺴﺔ‬‫ﺧ‬
tailor ‫ ﻭﻥ‬- - ‫ﺎﻁ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺧ‬
interior (political) ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺍﻟﺪﺍﺟﹺﻠﻴ‬
 Defend (III) (‫ﻊ )ﻋﻦ‬‫ﺪﺍﻓ‬‫ﺍﻓﹶﻊ – ﻳ‬‫ﺩ‬
Tank (military) (‫ ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﺎﺑﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺩ‬
Stapler, stapling machine (‫ ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﺎﺳﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺩ‬
Dubaï ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺩ‬
Enter ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺧ‬‫ﺩ‬
entering, entrance ‫ﻮﻝ‬‫ﺧ‬‫ﺩ‬
He taught (II) ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺩ‬
Study (u) ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺩ‬
file, dossier ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻓﺎﺗ‬‫ﺮ – ﺩ‬‫ﻓﺘ‬‫ﺩ‬
Push, pay ‫ﻓﹶﻊ‬‫ﺩ‬
flour ‫ﻗﻴﻖ‬‫ﺩ‬
blood ‫ﻡ‬‫ﺩ‬
cupboard ‫ﺍﻟﻴﺐ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ ﺩ‬- ‫ﻭﻻﺏ‬‫ﺩ‬
Clever, intelligent ‫ﺫﹶﻛﻲ‬
that ‫ﻠﻚ‬‫ ﺗ‬- ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺫﻟ‬
Go ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺫﹶﻫ‬
head ‫ﺅﻭﺱ‬‫ ﺭ‬- ‫ﺃﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬
Passenger (‫ﻛﹼﺎﺏ‬‫ﺐ )ﺭ‬‫ﺭﺍﻛ‬
profit ‫ﺭﹺﺑﺢ‬
quarter ‫ ﺃﹶﺭﺑﺎﻉ‬- ‫ﺑﻊ‬‫ﺭ‬
arrange ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺭ‬
 He arranged (II) ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺭ‬
Come back, return ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﺭ‬
man ‫ ﺭﹺﺟﺎﻝ‬- ‫ﻞ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﺭ‬
return ‫ﺟﻮﻉ‬‫ﺭ‬
cheap ‫ﺟﻴﺺ‬‫ﺭ‬
Painter, artist (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﻡ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﺭ‬
Official ‫ﲰﻲ‬‫ﺭ‬
shelf ‫ﻓﻮﻑ‬‫ ﺭ‬- ‫ﻑ‬‫ﺭ‬
Refuse ‫ﻓﹶﺾ‬‫ﺭ‬
Dance ‫ﻗﺺ‬‫ﺭ‬
Dance (u) ‫ﻗﹶﺺ‬‫ﺭ‬
corner ‫ﻛﻦ‬‫ﺭ‬
novel, story ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﺭﹺﻭﺍﻳﺔ‬
Riyadh ‫ﺍﻟﺮﻳﺎﺽ‬
Boss, chief ‫ﺳﺎﺀ‬‫ﺅ‬‫ﺋﻴﺲ – ﺭ‬‫ﺭ‬
Prime minister ‫ﺍﺀ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ﺋﻴﺲ ﺍﻟﻮ‬‫ﺭ‬
main, principal ‫ﺋﻴﺴﻲ‬‫ﺭ‬
visitor ‫ﺍﺭ‬‫ﻭ‬‫ ﺯ‬- ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺯﺍﺋ‬
earthquake ‫ﻟﺔ‬‫ﻟ ﺰ‬‫ﺯ‬
emerald ‫ﺩ‬‫ﻣ ﺮ‬‫ﺯ‬
Wife ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻭﺟﺔ‬‫ﺯ‬
hour, clock, watch ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﺳﺎﻋﺔ‬
Travel (III) ‫ﺳﺎﻓﹶﺮ‬
Ask (a question) ‫ﺄﹶﻝ‬‫ﺳ‬
driver ‫ﺍﻕ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ ﺳ‬- ‫ﻖ‬‫ﺳﺎﺋ‬
7 ‫ﺒﻌﺔ‬‫ﺳ‬
6 ‫ﺔ‬‫ﺘ‬‫ﺳ‬
Quick, fast (‫ﺮﺍﻉ‬‫ﺮﻳﻊ )ﺳ‬‫ﺳ‬
Ambassador ‫ﻔﹶﺮﺍﺀ‬‫ﻔﲑ – ﺳ‬‫ﺳ‬
secretary ‫ﲑ‬‫ﻜ ﺮﹺﺗ‬‫ﺳ‬
secretary (f) ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﲑﺓ‬‫ﻜ ﺮﹺﺗ‬‫ﺳ‬
Live in, dwell (u) ‫ﻜﹶﻦ‬‫ﺳ‬
fat ‫ﻤﲔ‬‫ﺳ‬
easy ‫ﻬﻞ‬‫ﺳ‬
market ‫ ﺃﹶﺳﻮﺍﻕ‬- ‫ﻮﻕ‬‫ﺳ‬
car ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﺎﺭﺓ‬‫ﻴ‬‫ﺳ‬
policy ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻴﺎﺳﺔ‬‫ﺳ‬
cinema ‫ ﺕ‬- - ‫ﺳﻴﻨﹺﻤﺎ‬
street ‫ﺍﺭﹺﻉ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ ﺷ‬- ‫ﺷﺎﺭﹺﻉ‬
clever ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺷﺎﻃ‬
window ‫ﺎﺑﻴﻚ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ ﺷ‬- ‫ﺎﻙ‬‫ﺒ‬‫ﺷ‬
brave ‫ﺠﺎﻉ‬‫ﺷ‬
 tree ‫ ﺃﹶﺷﺠﺎﺭ‬- ‫ﺮﺓ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﺷ‬
Drink ‫ ﺮﹺﺏ‬‫ﺷ‬
company ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ ﺮﹺﻛﺔ‬‫ﺷ‬
chess ‫ﻧﺞ‬‫ﻄ ﺮ‬‫ﺷ‬
Folk ‫ﻌ ﱯ‬‫ﺷ‬
Flat, apartment ‫ﻘﹶﻖ‬‫ﻘﹼﺔ – ﺷ‬‫ﺷ‬
sun ‫ﺲ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ ﺷ‬- ‫ﻤﺲ‬‫ﺷ‬
Case, briefcase ‫ﻂ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻨﻄﺔ – ﺷ‬‫ﺷ‬
Month ‫ﻮﺭ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ ﺷ‬,‫ﺮ‬‫ﻬﺮ – ﺃﹶﺷﻬ‬‫ﺷ‬
Thing ‫ﻲﺀ – ﺃﹶﺷﻴﺎﺀ‬‫ﺷ‬
Friend (‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ )ﺃﹶﺻﺤﺎﺏ‬
Exports ‫ﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ﺻﺎ ﺩ‬
He became ‫ﺻﺎﺭ‬
righteous ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺻﺎﻟ‬
Morning ‫ﺒﺎﺡ‬‫ﺻ‬
desert ‫ﺤﺮﺍﺀ‬‫ﺻ‬
plate, dish ‫ﻮﻥ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ ﺻ‬- ‫ﺤﻦ‬‫ﺻ‬
Friend (‫ﻗﺎﺀ‬‫ﺪﻳﻖ )ﺃﹶﺻﺪ‬‫ﺻ‬
Spend (money) (i) ‫ﻑ‬‫ ﺮ‬‫ﺻ‬
difficult ‫ﻌﺐ‬‫ﺻ‬
small, young (for people) ‫ﻐﲑ‬‫ﺻ‬
 box, trunk ‫ﻨﺎﺩﻳﻖ‬‫ ﺻ‬- ‫ﻭﻕ‬‫ﻨﺪ‬‫ﺻ‬
Laugh (a) ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﺿ‬
blow, hit ‫ﺮﺏ‬‫ﺿ‬
Guest (‫ﻴﻮﻑ‬‫ﻴﻒ ) ﺿ‬‫ﺿ‬
student ‫ ﻃﹶ ﻠﹼﺎﺏ‬- ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻃﹶﺎﻟ‬
table ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻃﹶﺎﻭﹺﻟﺔ‬
aeroplane ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﺮﺓ‬‫ﻃﹶﺎﺋ‬
Cook (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﺝ‬‫ﻃﹶﺒ‬
Cook ‫ﺦ‬‫ﻃﹶﺒ‬
parcel ‫ ﻃﹸﺮﻭﺩ‬- ‫ﻃﹶﺮﺩ‬
Food ‫ﻤﺔ‬‫ﻃﹶﻌﺎﻡ – ﺃﹶﻃﻌ‬
Child, baby ‫ﻔﻞ – ﺃﹶﻃﻔﺎﻝ‬‫ﻃ‬
Request, ask for ‫ﻃﹶ ﻠﹶﺐ‬
tall ‫ﻃﹶﻮﻳﻞ‬
aviation ‫ﺮﺍﻥ‬‫ﻃﹶﻴ‬
just, honest ‫ﻝ‬‫ﺎ ﺩ‬‫ﻋ‬
Capital (city) (‫ﻢ‬‫ﻮﺍ ﺻ‬‫ﻤﺔ )ﻋ‬‫ﻋﺎ ﺻ‬
general ‫ﻋﺎﻡ‬
worker, workman ‫ﺎﻝ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ ﻋ‬- ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻋﺎﻣ‬
wonderful ‫ﺠﻴﺐ‬‫ﻋ‬
Arab, Arabic ‫ﺏ‬‫ ﺮ‬‫ – ﻋ‬‫ﰊ‬‫ ﺮ‬‫ﻋ‬
Know, come to know (i) ‫ﻑ‬‫ ﺮ‬‫ﻋ‬
wide ‫ﺮﻳﺾ‬‫ﻋ‬
Soldier, policeman ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺴﺎﻛ‬‫ﺴﻜﹶﺮﻯ – ﻋ‬‫ﻋ‬
10 ‫ﺮﺓ‬‫ ﺸ‬‫ﻋ‬
Great, mighty ‫ﻈﻴﻢ‬‫ﻋ‬
Raise (in pay) ‫ﻼﻭﺓ‬‫ﻋ‬
on ‫ﻠﻰ‬‫ﻋ‬
From, of, about ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻋ‬
"chez" ‫ﻨﺪ‬‫ﻋ‬
absent ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻏﹶﺎﺋ‬
Tomorrow ‫ﻏﹶﺪﺍﹰ‬
room ‫ﻑ‬‫ ﻏﹸ ﺮ‬- ‫ﻏﹸﺮﻓﺔ‬
strange ‫ﻏﹶﺮﻳﺐ‬
empty ‫ﻓﹶﺎﺭﹺﻍ‬
Futile, a failure ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻓﺎﺷ‬
Open ‫ﺢ‬‫ﻓﹶﺘ‬
Examine, search (II) ‫ﺶ‬‫ﻓﹶﺘ‬
brush ‫ﻓﹸﺮﺷﺔ‬
branch (all senses) ‫ ﻓﹸﺮﻭﻉ‬- ‫ﻓﹶﺮﻉ‬
in top of, above ‫ﻓﹶﺮﻕ‬
Troupe, team ‫ﻓﹶﺮﻳﻖ – ﺃﹶﻓ ﺮﹺﻗﺔ‬
 dress (lady's) ‫ ﻓﹶﺴﺎﺗﲔ‬- ‫ﻓﹸﺴﺘﺎﻥ‬
Poor (‫ﻓﹶﻘﲑ )ﻓﹸﻘﺎﺭﺍﺀ‬
Money (f) ‫ﻓﹸﻠﻮﺱ‬
Understand (a) ‫ﻓﹶﻬﹺﻢ‬
in ‫ﰲ‬
Leader ‫ ﻗﺎﺩﺓ‬, ‫ﺍﺩ‬‫ﺪ – ﻗﹸﺆ‬‫ﻗﺎﺋ‬
Before ‫ﻗﹶﺒﻞ‬
Particle to emphasise the past tense ‫ ﻟﹶﻘﹶﺪ‬,‫ﻗﹶﺪ‬
Present (II) ‫ﻡ‬‫ﻘﹶﺪ‬‫ﻡ – ﻳ‬‫ﻗﹶﺪ‬
Read ‫ﺃ‬‫ﻗﹶ ﺮ‬
near ‫ﻗﹶﺮﻳﺐ‬
department, section ‫ ﺃﹶﻗﺴﺎﻡ‬- ‫ﺴﻢ‬‫ﻗ‬
short ‫ﻗﹶﺼﲑ‬
piece ‫ﻄﹶﻌﻰ‬‫ ﻗ‬- ‫ﻄﹶﻌﺔ‬‫ﻗ‬
pen, pencil ‫ ﺃﹶﻗﻼﻡ‬- ‫ﻗﹶ ﻠﹶﻢ‬
Little, few (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻗﹶﻠﻴﻞ‬
shirt ‫ ﻗﹸﻤﺼﺎﻥ‬- ‫ﻗﹶﻤﻴﺲ‬
Coffee ‫ﻗﹶﻬﻮﺓ‬
National ‫ﻗﹶﻮﻣﻲ‬
clerk ‫ﺎﺏ‬‫ ﻛﹸﺘ‬- ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻛﹶﺎﺗ‬
Complete ‫ﻞ‬‫ﻛﺎﻣ‬
 He was ‫ﻛﺎﻥﹶ‬
big, old (for people) ‫ﻛﹶﺒﲑ‬
book ‫ﺐ‬‫ ﻛﹸﺘ‬- ‫ﺘﺎﺏ‬‫ﻛ‬
writing ‫ﺘﺎﺑﺔ‬‫ﻛ‬
Write ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻛﹶﺘ‬
Much, many (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻛﹶﺜﲑ‬
A lot, much ‫ﻛﹶﺜﲑﺍﹰ‬
Liar (lying) (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻛﹶﺬﹼﺍﺏ‬
chair ‫ ﻛﹶﺮﺍﺳﻲ‬- ‫ﻛﹸﺮﺳﻲ‬
generous ‫ﻛﹶﺮﱘ‬
Earn, gain ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻛﹶ ﺴ‬
lazy, idle ‫ﻛﹶﺴﻼﻥ‬
speech ‫ﻛﹶﻼﻡ‬
dog ‫ﻼﺏ‬‫ ﻛ‬- ‫ﻛﹶﻠﺐ‬
Address someone, speak to (II) ‫ﻛﹶ ﻠﱠﻢ‬
word ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻤﺔ‬‫ﻛﹶ ﻠ‬
how many ‫ﻛﹶﻢ‬
Electrician (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻲ‬‫ﺑﺎﺋ‬‫ﻛﹶﻬ ﺮ‬
Kuwait ‫ﺍﻟﻜﻮﻳﺖ‬
kilogram ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻛﻴﻠﻮﻏﺮﺍﻡ‬
To, for -‫ﻝﹺ‬
 Welder (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﻡ‬‫ﻟﹶﺤ‬
meat ‫ﻮﻡ‬‫ ﻟﹸﺤ‬- ‫ﻟﹶﺤﻢ‬
With (chez) ‫ﻯ‬‫ﻟﹶﺪ‬
Play (a) ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻟﹶﻌ‬
Language ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻟﹸﻐﺔ‬
London ‫ﻥ‬‫ﻟﹶﻨﺪ‬
God ‫ﺍﻟ ﻠﹼﻪ‬
He is not ‫ﻟﹶﻴ ﺲ‬
Not ‫ﻣﺎ‬
water ‫ﻴﺎﻩ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﻣﺎﺀ‬
What (before verbs) ‫ﻣﺎﺫﺍ‬
Skilled (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻣﺎﻫ‬
pleased ‫ﺒﺴﻮﻁ‬‫ﻣ‬
museum ‫ﻒ‬‫ﺘﺎﺣ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﻒ‬‫ﺘﺤ‬‫ﻣ‬
diligent, hard working ‫ﻬﹺﺪ‬‫ﺠﺘ‬‫ﻣ‬
wounded, injured ‫ﺠﺮﻭﺡ‬‫ﻣ‬
magazine ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ ﻠﹼﺔ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﻣ‬
council ‫ﺲ‬‫ﺠﺎﻟ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﺲ‬‫ﺠ ﻠ‬‫ﻣ‬
mad ‫ﺠﻨﻮﻥ‬‫ﻣ‬
accountant ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺤﺎﺳ‬‫ﻣ‬
Accountant (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺐ‬‫ﺤﺎﺳ‬‫ﻣ‬
 Editor (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺭ‬‫ ﺮ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﻣ‬
local ‫ ﻠﱢﻲ‬‫ﺤ‬‫ﻣ‬
teacher ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
Teacher (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺱ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
school ‫ﺪﺍﺭﹺﺱ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﺳﺔ‬‫ﺪﺭ‬‫ﻣ‬
manager ‫ﺪﻳﺮﻭﻥ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﺪﻳﺮ‬‫ﻣ‬
city, town ‫ﻥ‬‫ﺪ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﺪﻳﻨﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬
time, occasion ‫ﺓ‬‫ ﺮ‬‫ﻣ‬
central ‫ﻛﹶ ﺰﹺﻯ‬‫ ﺮ‬‫ﻣ‬
Traveller (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺮ‬‫ﺴﺎﻓ‬‫ﻣ‬
mosque ‫ﺴﺎﺟﹺﺪ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﺴﺠﹺﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
Theatre ‫ﺴﺎﺭﹺﺡ‬‫ﺡ – ﻣ‬‫ﺴ ﺮ‬‫ﻣ‬
project ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﺸﺮﻭﻉ‬‫ﻣ‬
busy ‫ﺸﻐﻮﻝ‬‫ﻣ‬
famous ‫ﺸﻬﻮﺭ‬‫ﻣ‬
source ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺼﺎ ﺩ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﺭ‬‫ﺼﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
Egyptian (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺼ ﺮﹺﻯ‬‫ﻣ‬
factory ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺼﺎﻧ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺼﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
airport ‫ﻄﺎﺭﺍﺕ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﻄﺎﺭ‬‫ﻣ‬
printing house ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻌﺔ‬‫ﻄﺒ‬‫ﻣ‬
with ‫ ﻊ‬‫ﻣ‬
 Complicated ‫ﻘﱠﺪ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﻣ‬
Departing (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺭ‬‫ﻐﺎ ﺩ‬‫ﻣ‬
key ‫ﻔﺘﺎﺡ‬‫ﻣ‬
Inspector (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺶ‬‫ﻔﹶﺘ‬‫ﻣ‬
open ‫ﻔﺘﻮﺡ‬‫ﻣ‬
closed ‫ﻔﻘﻮﻝ‬‫ﻣ‬
Article (newspaper) (‫ ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﻘﺎﻟﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬
Contractor (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻘﺎﻭﹺﻝ‬‫ﻣ‬
office ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻜﹶﺎﺗ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻜﺘ‬‫ﻣ‬
library, bookshop ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﺒﺔ‬‫ﻜﺘ‬‫ﻣ‬
broken ‫ﻮﺭ‬‫ﻜﹸ ﺴ‬‫ﻣ‬
broom ‫ﺴﺔ‬‫ﻜﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
King ‫ﻠﻮﻙ‬‫ﻚ – ﻣ‬‫ ﻠ‬‫ﻣ‬
Representative, actor (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺜﱢﻞ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣ‬
Nurse (f) (‫ ﺍﺕ‬-) ‫ﺿﺔ‬‫ ﺮ‬‫ﻤ‬‫ﻣ‬
full ‫ﻤ ﻠﹸﻮﺀ‬‫ﻣ‬
from ‫ﻦ‬‫ﻣ‬
Suitable, fitting ‫ﺐ‬‫ﻨﺎﺳ‬‫ﻣ‬
pulpit ‫ﺮ‬‫ﻨﺒ‬‫ﻣ‬
delegate ‫ ﻭﻥ‬- - ‫ﻭﺏ‬‫ﻨﺪ‬‫ﻣ‬
house, dwelling ‫ﻨﺎﺯﹺﻝ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﻨ ﺰﹺﻝ‬‫ﻣ‬
 area, zone ‫ﻖ‬‫ﻨﺎﻃ‬‫ ﻣ‬- ‫ﻨﻄﹶﻘﺔ‬‫ﻣ‬
Organiser (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﻈﱢﻢ‬‫ﻨ‬‫ﻣ‬
Engineer (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺱ‬‫ﻨﺪ‬‫ﻬ‬‫ﻣ‬
employee, official ‫ ﻭﻥ‬- - ‫ﻇﱠﻒ‬‫ﻮ‬‫ﻣ‬
useful ‫ﻊ‬‫ﻧﺎﻓ‬
result ‫ﺞ‬‫ﺘﺎﺋ‬‫ ﻧ‬- ‫ﺘﻴﺠﺔ‬‫ﻧ‬
Carpenter (‫ ﻭﻥ‬-) ‫ﺎﺭ‬‫ﺠ‬‫ﻧ‬
thin ‫ﺤﻴﻒ‬‫ﻧ‬
Miser ‫ﻼﺀ‬‫ﺨ‬‫ﺨﻴﻞ – ﻧ‬‫ﻧ‬
Publish (u) ‫ﺮ‬‫ ﺸ‬‫ﻧ‬
half ‫ ﺃﹶﻧﺼﺎﻑ‬- ‫ﻧﹺﺼﻒ‬
clean ‫ﻈﻴﻒ‬‫ﻧ‬
joke ‫ﻜﹶﺖ‬‫ ﻧ‬- ‫ﻜﺘﺔ‬‫ﻧ‬
important ‫ﻫﺎﻡ‬
this ‫ﻩ‬‫ ﻫﺬ‬- ‫ﻫﺬﺍ‬
he ‫ﻮ‬‫ﻫ‬
she ‫ﻲ‬‫ﻫ‬
1 ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺍﺣ‬‫ﻭ‬
Imports ‫ﻭﺍﺭﹺﺩﺍﺕ‬
minister ‫ﺭﺍﺀ‬‫ﺯ‬‫ ﻭ‬- ‫ﻭﺍﺯﻳﺮ‬
spacious ‫ﻊ‬‫ﺍﺳ‬‫ﻭ‬
 Find ‫ﺪ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻭ‬
paper (sheet of) ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻗﺔ‬‫ﺭ‬‫ﻭ‬
ministry ‫ ﺍﺕ‬- - ‫ﻭﹺﺯﺍﺭﺓ‬
dirty ‫ﺦ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻭ‬
Arrive (at) (‫ﻞ )ﺇﱃ‬‫ ﺻ‬‫ﻭ‬
Put, place ‫ﻊ‬‫ ﺿ‬‫ﻭ‬
Homeland ‫ﻃﹶﻦ – ﺃﻭﻃﺎﻥ‬‫ﻭ‬
He appointed, employed (II) ‫ﻇﱠﻒ‬‫ﻭ‬
job, function ‫ﻒ‬‫ﻇﺎﺋ‬‫ ﻭ‬- ‫ﻇﻴﻔﺔ‬‫ﻭ‬
Delegation ‫ﻓﻮﺩ‬‫ﻓﺪ – ﻭ‬‫ﻭ‬
boy ‫ ﺃﹶﻭﻻﹶﺩ‬- ‫ﻟﹶﺪ‬‫ﻭ‬
hand ‫ ﺃﹶﻳﺎﺩ‬- ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻳ‬
Day ‫ﺎﻡ‬‫ﻮﻡ – ﺃﹶﻳ‬‫ﻳ‬
Monday ‫ﲔ‬‫ﺛﻨ‬‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻻ‬
Sunday ‫ﺪ‬‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻷَﺣ‬
Wednesday ‫ﻌﺎﺀ‬‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻷَﺭﺑ‬
Tuesday ‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟﺜﹶﻼﺛﺎ ﺀ‬
Friday ‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳉﹸﻤﻌﺔ‬
Thursday ‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﳋﹶﻤﻴﺲ‬
Saturday ‫ﺒﺖ‬‫ﻳﻮﻡ ﺍﻟ ﺴ‬
daily ‫ﻮﻣﻲ‬‫ﻳ‬