wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG

1
 wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG

vuf0g;}u;D tkycf H vufzufvyk if ef;

wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzG@J

wtmif;ausmif;om;ESihf vli,frsm;tpnf;t±k;H (TSYO)
yavmiftrsK;d orD;tpnf;t±k;H (PWO)
yavmifjynfe,f vGwaf jrmufa&;wyfO;D (PSLF)

2
 wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG

rmwdum

1? ed'ge;f 3

2? vufzufvyk if ef;wGif &ifqikd }f uHKawG@ae&aom jy\emrsm; 4

(u) vufzufaps;E_e;f tqrwefusqif;jcif;
(c) +rdK@e,ftvdu k f vufzufaps;E_e;f jyZ,m;
(*) +rdK@e,ftvdu k f ukeaf ps;E_e;f jyZ,m;
(C) vufzufuek o f nfEiS hf aps;uGujf y\em
(i) vufzufawmifoEl iS hf tvkyo f rm;rsm;}uHKawG@ae&onfjh y\em

3? aemufqufwt JG usK;d oufa&mufrr_ sm; 9

(u) vufzufvyk if ef;tay: qd;k usK;d oufa&mufrr_ sm;
(c) pD;yGm;a&;/ vlra_ &;/ ynma&;ESihf use;f rma&;tay: qd;k usK;d ouf
a&mufr_rsm;
(*) a&$@ajymif;tvkyo f rm;rsm;wd;k yGm;vmjcif;

4? jy\emajz&Si;f Edik rf nfh t}uHjyKcsurf sm; 11

(u) a'ocHvufzufawmifol wtmif;jynforl sm;
(c) wtmif; (yavmif) trsK;d om;ygwD
(*) ppfwyfvufatmufcH jrefrmtpd;k &
(C) Edik if w
H umrdom;pkrsm;

3
 wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG

1? ed'ge;f
vufzufawmifol wtmif;jynfov l xl w k @kd onf 2011 ckEpS f vufzuf&moD
wGif vufzufaps;uGuf qd;k 0g;pGm ysupf ;D jcif;a=umifh }uD;rm;onfph ;D yGm;a&; t=uyft
wnf;ESihf &ifqikd af e=u&ygonf? a&$zOD ;D umvwGif vufzufaps;toifw h if&h +dS yD; 0,f,l
olrsm;&Sad omfjim;vnf; wywfcef@t=umwGif vufzufaps;E_e;f rsm; w[kex f ;kd usqif;
vm+yD;/ 0,fvufrsm;vnf; enf;yg;vmygonf? aemufyikd ;f wGif vufzufaps;uGuyf suf
cJ&h +yD; vufzufvyk if ef;rsm; &yfqikd ;f &rnfh tajctaeESihf &ifqikd }f uHKawG@ae&ygonf?
a&$zvD ufzuf&moDrmS waygi;f vjynfah usmrf pS wifI uqkev f qef;xd wpfv
ausm=f umjrif+h y;D yavmifvrl sK;d wd@k . toufarG;0rf;a=umif;udk t"duaxmufyaHh y;onfh
vufzuf&moD jzpfayonf? vufzufvyk if ef; vkyu f ikd =f uonfh wtmif;vlrsK;d wd@k onf
&Srf;jynfe,fajrmufydkif; erfhqef/ refwkH/ erRwl/ ausmufrJtaemufzufjcrf;/ oDayg
taemufzufjcrf;/ erfch rf;/ uGwcf ikd f tp&So d nf+h rdK@e,fw@kd wiG f t"duaexdik =f uonf?
vufzufvkyfief;jzifh t"dutoufarG;0rf;a=umif;jyK=uaom wtmif;vlOD;a&rSm
pkpak ygi;f ajcmufoed ;f ausmcf ef@ &Syd gonf?
xduk ohJ @dk wtmif;vlrsK;d wd@k . t"dutoufarG;0rf;ausmif;jzpfonfh vufzuf
vkyfief;rSm vuf0g;}uD;tkyfcs,fvS,fcHae&ojzifh }uD;rm;onfh t=uyftwnf;rsm;
ay:ayguv f m+yD; a'ocHjynfov l x l wk @kd rmS pD;yGm;a&;/ vlral &;/ ynma&;ESihf use;f rma&;
tp&So d nfh jy\emaygi;f pkrH sm;ESihf &ifqikd }f uHKawG@ae=u&ygonf?
vufzufjy\emESihf &ifqikd af e&aom yavmifvrl sKd ;wd@k .tcuftcJrsm;udk
ppfwyfvufatmufct H pd;k &ESihf a'owGi;f &Sd Edik if aH &;ygwrD sm;/ tjcm;tzG@J tpnf;rsm;
taejzifh rnfonfhulnDaxmufyhHr_r# jyKvkyfonfudk rawG@&Sd&ao;ay? xdk@a=umifh
vufzufawmifol wtmif;vlrsdK;wdk@ &ifqdkif}uKHawG@ae&aom tcuftcJjy\em
rsm;udk tm;vkH;od&Sdap+yD; 0dkif;0ef;ulnDajz&Sif;ay;&mwGif wpkHw&m tusdK;jyKEdkif&ef
&nf&G,fcsufjzifh ,ckpmwrf;udk rdrdwdk@wtmif;(yavmif)tvkyftzGJ@rS a&;om;jyKpk
wifjy&jcif; jzpfygonf?
· · ·

4
 wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG
2? vufzufvyk if ef;wGif &ifqikd }f uHKawG@ae&aom jy\emrsm;
(u) vufzufaps;e_ef; tqrwefusqif;jcif;
wtmif;a'o. 2011 vufzuf&moDtpwGif erfq h ef+rdK@e,f&dS vufzufajcmuf
wpfyd\mv#if (3500)usyf 0ef;usifcef@&Sd+yD; o}uFeftawmtwGif;rSpI aps;E_ef;rsm;
usqif;um o}uFefaemufydkif;wGif (2500)usyf cef@txd usqif;vmonf? ,ae@
ayguaf ps;rSm 2000 usy0f ef;usicf ef@om&S+d yD; 0,f,ol rl sm;vnf;r&Sad vmuf jzpfae=uonf?
vufzufawmifolrsm; vufzufudkpGef@+yD; tjcm;vkyfief;rsm; vkyfudkif=uouJhodk@
puf±Hrk sm;vnf; tvkyyf suv f yf+yD; puf±yHk w
d &f onft
h qifx h yd if tajctae qd;k &Gm;aeyg
onf? ,cifEpS rf sm;wGif vufzufaps;E_e;f rSm wpfy\ d m 4000-5000 usy0f ef;usicf ef@
&Syd gonf?
erfhcrf;+rdK@e,f. vufzufaps;E_ef;rSm a&$zDOD;umvwGif wpfyd\mv#if 3500
usyfcef@&Sd+yD; o}uFefaemufydkif;wGif 1700 usyfcef@om &&Sdawmhonf? refwkH+rdK@e,f.
,ckvuf&Sd vufzufaygufaps;rSm 1250 usyfcef@om&Sd+yD; ta&mif;t0,frsm;vnf;
r&So d avmuf jzpfaeygonf?

&Gupf rd ;f vufzufukd trsm;qk;H jyKvkyaf om erfq h efa'owGif &Gupf rd ;f vufzuf

aps;E_ef;rSm wpfyd\mv#if 800 usyfcef@&Sd+yD; aemufydkif;wGif aps;E_ef;rsm; qufwdkuf
usqif;vmygonf? ,ae@ayguaf ps;rSm wpfy\ d mv#if 150 usy0f ef;usicf ef@om&&Syd gonf?
&Gufpdrf;vufzufaps;E_ef; rwnfjidrfaoma=umifh tcsKdajcmufvkyfief;rsm;udkvnf;
rsm;pGm±kducf ufvm+yD; tcsK@d puf±rHk sm; &yfqikd ;f xm;&ygonf? vufzufpkd aps;E_e;f rsm;vnf;
xdek nf;wlpmG usqif;v#u&f o dS nf?

5
 (c) jrdK@e,ftvdu
k f vufzufaps;E_e;f jyZ,m;

pOf jrdK@e,f vufzuftrsdK;tpm; o}uFefrwdkifcif o}uFefjyD;aemufydkif; vuf&Sdaygufaps;

1? erfhqef vufzufpdk 800 400-700 -
&Gufpdrf; 800 150 150
tcg;ajcmuf 3500 2200-2500 2000-2100
tcsdKajcmuf - - -

2? refwkH &Gufpdrf; 200-250 100 100

tcg;ajcmuf 3000 1250-1500 1250-1500

6
tcsdKajcmuf - - -

3? erfhcrf; tcg;ajcmuf 3500 1500-2000 1500-2000

4? erRwl tcg;ajcmuf - 1800-1850 1800-1850

wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG

5? ausmufrJ tcg;ajcmuf 4000 2600-3000 2600-3000

tcsdKajcmuf - - -

6? rE©av; vufzufpdk - 800-1200 800-1200

tcg;ajcmuf - 3000-3600 3000-3600
tcsdKajcmuf - - -
 
 wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG
(*)jrdK@e,ftvdkuf ukefaps;E_ef;jyZ,m;
pOf jrdK@e,f ypPnf;trsKd ;trnf aps;ESKef;
1 erfch rf; qef (wpftw d )f 26000-30000
qD (wpfyd\m) 3500
qm; (wpfy\ d m) 500
=uufoeG jf zL (wpfy\d m) 1800
=uufoeG ef D (wpfy\d m) 2000

2 erfq
h ef qef (wpftw
d )f 2400 (tnHph m;) 2500-2600
(taumif;pm;)
qD (wpfyd\m) 3600
qm; (wpfy\ d m) 600
=uufoeG jf zL (wpfy\
d m) 2000
=uufoeG ef D (wpfy\
d m) 2200
 
(C) vufzufuek o
f nfEiS hf aps;uGujf y\em
wtmif;a'otwGif;xGuf&Sdaom vufzufrsm;rSm erfhqef/ erfhcrf;/ oDayg/
ausmufrEJ iS hf rEœav;+rdK@&dS vufzufy±JG H}k uD;rsm;wGif wify@kd a&mif;cs=u+yD; vufzufuek o f nf
ESihf puf±yHk ikd &f iS t f rsm;pkrmS tpk;d &vufatmufcH (od@k ) tpd;k &ESiq hf ufpyfaom yk*Kd~ vftrsm;pk
jzpf+yD; tenf;pkom yk*v ~ u d ukeo
f nfrsm; jzpf=uonf? xd@k a=umifh vufzufaps;uGuu f kd
vnf; tpk;d &ESiq hf ufpyfaom ukeo f nf}u;D rsm;uom vuf0g;}u;D tkyf cs,v f ,S =f uygonf?
ppftyk pf v
k ufatmufct H pk;d &. rsuEf mS omay;r_ukd xdu k ek o
f nf}u;D rsm;uom &&S=d uonf?
erfq h ef+rdK@&dS Adv
k }f uD;oef;xGe;f . wyfrawmftcsKad jcmuf vufzufpuf±Hk (yavmif
xdyx f m;)ESihf e*g;ysv H ufzufpuf±w Hk @kd rmS vufzuf&moDa&mufwikd ;f erfq h ef+rdK@&dS vufzuf
ukefonf rsm;udkac:,l+yD; vufzufaps;E_ef;rsm;udk pdwfwdkif;us owfrSwfavh&Sdygonf?
tjcm;ukefonfrsm;uvnf; xdkowfrSwfxm;onfh aps;E_ef;twdkif;om a&mif;0,f=u
&onf? erfq h ef+rdK@e,f&dS vufzufuek o f nf tao;pm;trsm;pkrmS a'ocHawmiforl sm;.
vufzufudk0,f,l+yD; wyfrawmfESifh e*g;ysHpuf±kHwdk@wGif jyefvnfwifoGif;=u&onf?
xd@k a=umifh erfq h efvufzufaps;uGuu f kd xdo
k rl sm;uom t"duxde;f csKyfxm;onf?
erfq h ef/ ausmufr/J oDayg/ erfch rf;ESihf rEœav;&Sd vufzufaps;uGurf sm;udk vufzuf
t"dujzef@jzL;onfh jrefrmjynftv,fyikd ;f ESihf atmufyikd ;f &Sd vufzufuek o f nf}uD;rsm;u
t"ducsKyfuikd x f m;=uygonf? vufzufuek o f nf}uD;rsm;rSm ,refEpS uf a&mif;rukeaf o;
onfh vufusefvufzufrsm;udkom aps;uGufodk@ wifa&mif;aeojzifh 2011 xGuf
vufzufopfrsm; aps;uGuftwGif;odk@ a&muf&Sdr_yrm%tvGefenf;yg;aeygonf?

7
 wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG

wcsKd @uek o f nfrsm;rSm vufusev f ufzufa[mif;rsm;ESihf vufzufopfrsm;udk a&maESmI

wifydk@a&mif;cs=uygonf? xdk@a=umifh 2011 ckESpfxGuf vufzufaps;E_ef;rsm; usqif;+yD;
t0,fenf;&jcif;. ta=umif;t&if; wpfcyk if jzpfygonf?
vufzufukefonftrsm;pkrSm aps;uGufodk@wifa&mif;csrnfh vufzufrsm;udk
tenf;qk;H ESp0f uf(od@k ) wpfEpS pf m 0,f,o l akd vSmifavh&=dS uaomfvnf; 2011 ckEpS w f iG f
ukefonfrsm;rSm ,cifESpfrsm;uJhodk@ 0,f,lodkavSmifjcif; r&Sdao;ay? urBmhpD;yGm;a&;
uyfqu kd rf a_ =umifh tajccHjynfov l xl tk rsm;pkrmS pm;0wfaea&; =uyfwnf;ojzifh vufzuf
0,f,pl m;ok;H r_tm; tqrwef avsmeh nf;vmonf? xdu k o hJ @kd 0,fvt
kd m; usqif;aom
a=umifh vufzufuek o f nfrsm;vnf; ,cifuo hJ @kd &if;ES;D jr‡yEf rHS r_ sm;jyKvkyvf #if }uD;rm;aom
qk;H ±_;H r_rsm;ESihf }uHKawG@&rnfukd pk;d &draf e=uygonf?
vufzufuek x f w
k v
f yk if ef;rsm;wGif enf;ynmydik ;f qdik &f m tm;enf;r_EiS hf tpk;d &.
pD;yGm;a&;xdef;csKyfr_ ay:vpDwdk@a=umifh tjcm;jynfyEdkifiHrsm;odk@ wifydk@Edkifonfhaps;uGuf
vGepf mG usO;f ajrmif;aeygonf? wtmif;vufzufonf jrefrmjynfwiG ;f pm;ok;H olrsm;tay:
wGio f m t"du rScD t kd m;xm;ae&ygonf? jrefrmjynfwiG f ESppf Ofp;D yGm;a&; usqif;aejcif;
a=umifh vufzufvyk if ef; t"duvkyu f ikd pf m;aomufae=uaom vufzufawmiforl sm;rSm
ae@pOfEiS t hf r# tcuftcJrsm;ESihf &ifqikd }f uHKawG@ae=uygonf?

(i) vufzufawmifolESifh tvkyform;rsm;}uKHawG@ae&onfhjy\em

vufzufvkyfief;onf vkyftm;rsm;pGmukefqkH;aom vkyfief;wpfckjzpfonf?
vufzuf&moDwiG f vufzuf&u G Ef rk sm; a0a0qmqm xGu&f EdS ikd &f eftwGuf vufzuf+cH
aygi;f wif&iS ;f vif;jcif;/ vufzufvyk if ef;rsm;twGuf }uKd wifjyifqifjcif;rsm; jyKvky&f ygonf?
xd@k tjyif vufzufrsm;udk &GuEf ak ecsed u f mvwGif tcsed rf cDS ;l ay;&onf? tcsed rf rDS cl;Edik v
f #if
vufzuft&nftaoG;usqif;jcif;/ aemufwokwf&GufEkjyefxGuf&ef tcsdef=umjrifhjcif;
tp&Sad omqk;H ±_;H r_rsm;pGm jzpfwwfavonf?

8
 wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG

cl;olr&SI
d ypfxm;aomvufzuf+cHwpf+cH
xd@k a=umifh vufzuf&u G Ef x k u G cf sed w
f iG f vltiftm; tvk;H t&if;jzifh tcsed rf cDS ;l
Edik rf oS m t±_;H rS±ek ;f xGuEf ikd rf nf jzpfonf? tvkyo f rm;rsm;udk jrefrmjynftv,fyikd ;f +rdK@
rsm;jzpfaom rk&H mG / jrif;+cH/ rEœav;/ yckuLU / +rdKif/ ausmufqnfEiS hf wtmif;a'otwGi;f &Sd
vufzuftenf;i,fomxGufaom uGwfcdkifESifh erRwljrdK@rsm;wGif ac:,l=uonf?
vufzuf&moD ra&mufrt DS csed w
f iG f tvkyo f rm;rsm; ac:,lEikd &f eftwGuf }udKwifaiGrsm;
ay;=u&onf? }udKwifaiGrsm;twGuf rdrw d @kd vuf0,fxm;r_r&Sv d #if a&$ypPn;f rsm;aygijf cif;/
twd;k aiGacs;jcif;rsm; jyKvky+f yD; aiG&mS &onf?
2011 ckEpS /f rwfv 'kw, d ywfrpS wifI &Sr;f jynfwyfrawmfEiS hf jrefrmppfwyfw@dk .
wdu k yf rJG mS wtmif;a'otxd us,jf yef@vmaoma=umifh tvkyo f rm;trsm;pku rdrw d @kd
ae&yfo@kd jyefomG ;=uouJo h @kd a'ocHvx l rk sm;vnf; vufzufrcl;Edik b f J ppfajy;ae=u&onf?
xd@k a=umifh tvkyo f rm;rsm; vkaH vmufpmG r&&SI d vufzufneG @f rsm; &ifah &mf+yD; t±_;H ESihf
&ifqikd af e=u&ygonf?
vufzufc;l orm;wpfO;D taejzifh ,cifEpS rf sm;wGif wpf&ufv#if tenf;qk;H 3000
usyf0ef;usif&&Sd&mrS ,ckESpfvufzufaps;E_ef;t& vufzufcl;orm;wpfOD;. wpf&uf
vkyt f m;crSm trsm;qk;H 1500 usycf ef@om&&So d nf? vkyt f m;cenf;+yD; ukeaf ps;E_e;f rsm;
jrifhrm;aecsdefwGif TaiGyrm%onf ‚wdk@. rdom;pkpm;0wfaea&; tcuftcJrsm;udk
ajz&Si;f Edik zf @kd &ef rsm;pGmtcuftcJ&ydS gonf? vufzufc;l orm;trsm;pkonf vufzufvyk if ef;
tay: pdwf0ifpm;r_enf;yg;vm+yD; tjcm;vkyfief;rsm;udk &SmazGvkyfudkifvm=uonf? xdk@
a=umifh vufzufvyk if ef;rsm; vkyu f ikd af e=uaom vufzuf+cHyikd &f iS rf sm; vufzufc;l orm;
rsm;vkaH vmufpmG &&S&d ef tcuftcJrsm;ESihf &ifqikd cf &hJ ygonf?

9
 wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG
3? aemufqufwGJtusKd;oufa&mufr_rsm;
(u) vufzufvkyfief;tay: qdk;usKd;oufa&mufr_rsm;
vufzuf+cHyikd &f iS rf sm;onf tvkyo f rm;vkaH vmufpmG r&&Sjd cif;/ vufzufaps;E_e;f
tqrwefusqif;jcif;/ vufzuftxGuaf vsmeh nf;jcif;/ vufzufvyk if ef;twGuf }udKwif
jyifqif &if;ESD;xm;onfh t&if;tESD;rsm;qkH;±_H;jcif; ponfwdk@a=umifh vufzufvkyfief;
qufvufvyk u f ikd Ef ikd &f ef tcuftcJrsm; &ifqikd }f uKHawG@ae=u&ygonf? tvkyo f rm;r&Sjd cif;/
vufzufaps;usqif;jcif;wd@k a=umifh vufzuf&u G Ef rk sm;udrk cl;bJ ypfxm;&ojzifh vufzuf
rsm; &ifah &mf+yD; aemufvufzuf &moDrsm;wGiyf g vufzuftxGuEf e_ ;f avsmeh nf;apygonf?

vufzufrsm;&ifha&mf+yD; 0,f,lolr&Sdaomtcg vufzuf+cHydkif&Sifrsm;onf

vufzufyifrsm;udk ckwfypf=uavonf? vufzufyifckwfypfjcif;. tusKd;qufrSm
aemufwpfESpfvufzuf&moDwGif vufzuftxGufE_ef; xuf0ufru usqif;jcif;/
wcsK@d vufzufyifrsm; aoqk;H jcif;/ jyefvnf}uD;xGm;vm&ef tcsed =f umjrifjh cif; tp&So d nfh
jy\emrsm;ESihf &ifqikd }f uKH awG@&ygonf? aoqk;H oGm;aom tyifrsm;twGuf jyefvnftpm;
xdk;pdkufysdK;rnfqdkv#if tenf;qkH;tcsdef(10)ESpf,l+yD; jyKpkysKd;axmif&onf? wcsKd@
vufzuf+cHyikd &f iS rf sm;onf vufzufvyk if ef;udk pdw"f mwfus+yD; aps;aygaygjzifh ydu k q f &H odS x
l H
a&mif;=u&ygonf?
vufzufvkyfief;onf ESpfpOfESpfwdkif; ykHrSefvkyfaqmifae&aom vkyfief;wpfck
jzpfonf? tu,fI (1)ESp/f (2)ESpf rvkyb f J ypfxm;v#if ykrH eS t
f xGuEf e_ ;f jyefvnf&&Szd @kd
&eftwGuf tenf;qk;H tcsed (f 3)ESp, f +l yD; jyefvnfreG ;f rH&onfv h yk if ef;rsm; jyKvky&f ygonf?
vufzufvkyfief;udk ,ckESpfuJhodk@yif qufvufypfxm;rnfqdkv#if wtmif;vlrsKd;wdk@.

10
 wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG
bd;k pOfabmifqufvufxuf tqufqufvyk u f ikd v
f mcJ=h uaom Tvufzufvyk if ef;onf
aps;uGuyf suvf yfonfh jy\ema=umifh wdraf umoGm;rnft h qifx
h yd if a&mufomG ;Edik o
f nf?
(c) pD;yGm;a&;/ vlr_a&;/ ynma&;ESifh usef;rma&;tay: qdk;usKd;oufa&mufr_rsm;
vufzufaps;E_e;f rsm; tqrweferd u hf saeaomfvnf; a'owGi;f ukeaf ps;E_e;f rsm;rSm
,cifEpS rf sm;xuf ydrk jkd rifrh m;aeonfukd awG@&&dS onf? vufzufaps;E_e;f usqif;+yD; qefr0,f
pm;Edik af omtcgwiG f pyg;&So d xl w H iG f twd;k jzifah cs;pm;v#if aemufwpfEpS w f iG f ESpqf jyefqyf
&ygonf? wcsK@d aus;&Gmrsm;wGirf l xrif;oufoufyif rpm;Edik af wmhbJ ajymif;zl;/ z±kHo;D rsm;
ESihf a&maESmpm;aomuf=uonft h qifh jzpfaeay+yD? erfq h efEiS hf refw&Hk dS tcsK@d aus;&Gmrsm;wGif
jrifrh m;onfah ps;E_e;f rsm;jzifh }udKwifqefrsm; rSm,lpm;ok;H =u&+yD; a&$zcD sed w f iG f ukeo f nfrsm;
owfrw S x f m;onfh aps;E_e;f jzifo h m jyefvnf;ay;qyf=u&ygonf?
“usaemfw@kd &mG rSmqd&k if xrif;oufoufawmifrpm;Edik af wmhb;l / ajymif;eJ@yaJ &m
+y;D pm;ae&w,f? ta=u;G awGvnf; 0dik ;f 0dik ;f vnfaewmbJ? qefpyg;&Sw d o
hJ al wGqu D acs;pm;
r,fqv kd nf; aemufEpS q f &kd if ESpq f jyefqyf&w,f/ usaemfw@kd awmh t&rf;'kuaQ &mufae+yD”
[k refw+Hk rdK@e,frS &Gmom;wpfO;D u ajymjycJyh gonf?
vufzufaps;E_ef;tqrwefusqif;vmonfESifhtr# uav;rsm;. ynma&;
twGuv f nf; xdcu kd rf _ ydrk rkd sm;jym;vmonf? ,ckvuf&dS q,fwef;ausmif;om;wpfa,muf
. ynmoifp&dwo f nf &Spo f ed ;f cef@&+dS yD; abmf'gaqmifae ausmif;om;wpfO;D rSm tenf;qk;H
q,foed ;f 0ef;usif ukeu f sygonf? rdbrsm;u uav;rsm;udk ukeu f sp&dwf jrifrh m;aom
tpk;d &ausmif;rsm;wGif qufvufrxm;Edik af wmhbJ ukeu f sp&dwef nf;yg;aom jrefrmjynf
tv,fyikd ;f rEœav;/ jrif;+cH/ yckuLU / ppfuikd ;f ESihf jrefrmjynfatmufyikd ;f &efuek Ef iS hf armfv+rdKif
+rdK@rsm;&Sd bkef;}uD;ausmif;/ oDv&Sifausmif;rsm;wGif oGm;a&mufynmoif=um;aponf?
wcsK@d rbd rsm;vnf; om;orD;rsm;udk ausmif;qufrxm;Edik af wmhonft h qk;H ausmif;rSxu G I
f
olw@kd EiS t hf wl tvkyv f yk af ponf? om;orD;rsm;. ynma&;u ta&;}u;D rSe;f odaomfvnf;
vuf&&dS ifqikd af e&aom pm;0wfaea&;tcuftcJa=umifh om;orD;rsm;. qENuakd usmcdik ;f +y;D
0rf;pmtwGuf ±ke;f uefae=u&ygonf?
“pD;yGm;a&;=uyfwnf;vd@k usaemforD;udk ausmif;qufxm;zd@k tcuftcJ}uHKae&yg
w,f? 'ga=umifh jrefrmjynftv,fyikd ;f u oDv&Siaf usmif;rSm oDv&Si0f wf+yD; ynmquf
oifz@kd vGwv f ukd wf mvnf;/ qGr;f uGr;f rjynfph w kH m/ oDv&Sirf sm;vd@k taexdik =f uyfwnf;wm
awGa=umifh tcuftcJrsm;pGmeJ@ &ifqikd af e&w,f? oDv&Siaf wG[m ynmoif=um;&csed f
enf;+yD; qGrf;cHxGufcsdef ydkay;ae&w,f? tckorD;av;u vHk;0tqifrajyvdk@ rEœav;-
wtmif ; pmay,Of a us;r_ tul t nD e J @ &G m ud k j yef a jy;vm&w,f ? usaemf o rD ; vd k
'kuaQ wG@oal wG &GmrSmtrsm;}uD;yJjyefajy;vmw,f” [k erfq h ef+rdK@e,frS aus;&Gmom;wOD;
ajymjyygonf?

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 wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG
vufzuf aps;E_e;f usqif;r_a=umifh use;f rma&;jy\emrsm;ESihf &ifqikd }f uHKawG@vm
v#if ajz&Si;f Edik rf nfh enf;vrf;rsm; r&So
d avmufenf;yg;avonf? aq;zd;k 0g;crsm;twGuf
vufzuf+cHa&mif;&aom rdom;pkrsm;vnf; rsm;pGm&Syd gonf?
4? jy\emudk ajz&Si;f Edik rf nfh t}uHjyKcsurf sm;
vufzufvyk if ef;jzifh t"dutoufarG;0rf;a=umif;jyKaeaom vufzufawmifol
wtmif;rdbjynfolrsm; &ifqdkifae&aom tcuftcJrsm;rSm }uD;rm;=uyfwnf;vSojzifh
tm;vH;k . wdusaomtultnDrsm;udk &&S&d ef tvGet f a&;}u;D ygonf? xd@k a=umifh twd'u k Q
a&mufaeaom vufzufawmifol wtmif;jynfov l x l rk sm; &ifqikd }f uKH awG@ae&onfh jy\
emrsm; 0dik ;f 0ef;ajz&Si;f ulnaD y;Edik &f eftwGuf atmufygt}uHjyKcsurf sm;udk awmif;qdv k u kd f
ygonf?
a'ocH vufzufawmifol wtmif;jynfolrsm;taejzifh -
1) rd±dk;zvmvufzufvkyfief;udk a&&Snfvkyfudkifpm;aomufEdkif&eftwGuf
pkaygi;f 0dik ;f 0ef; xde;f odr;f umuG,af pmifah &SmufomG ;&ef?
2) vufzufvyk if ef;tay: vuf0g;}uD;tkycf s,v f , S af eonfukd pkaygi;f umuG,f
ajz&Sif;=u&ef?
3) vufzufvyk if ef;udk umuG,x f ed ;f odr;f Edik &f efEiS hf }uHKawG@vmaom tcuftcJ
jy\emrsm;udk 0dik ;f 0ef;ajz&Si;f Edik &f eftwGuf vufzufawmifot l zJ@G zJ@G pnf;+yD; yl;aygi;f vkyf
aqmif=u&ef?
wtmif; (yavmif) trsKd;om;ygwD taejzifh -
1) wtmif;jynfolvlxkrsm; vuf&Sd}uKHawG@ae&onfh vufzufvkyfief;
jy\emudk ulnaD jz&Si;f ay;&ef?
2) vufzufvyk if ef;ESihf vufzufawmiforl sm;tm; umuG,Ef ikd o
f nfh Oya'a&;qJG
+yD; taumiftxnfazmf aqmif&u G o
f mG ;&ef?
ppfwyfvufatmufcH jrefrmtpdk;& taejzifh -
1) Edik if .
H pD;yGm;a&;rl0g'/ ay:vpDrsm;udk jyefvnfppD pfay;&ef?
2) vGwv f yfaomaps;uGupf ;D yGm;a&;pepfukd zefw;D +yD; csKyfcs,u
f ef@owfrr_ sm;udk
±kyo
f rd ;f ay;&ef? vuf0g;}uD;tkyaf er_ukd xde;f odr;f ajz&Si;f ay;&ef?
EdkifiHwumrdom;pkrsm; taejzifh -
1) vufzufvyk if ef;t=uyftwnf;a=umifh pm;0wfaea&;jy\emrsm;ESihf &ifqikd f
ae&aom wtmif;jynfov l xl rk sm;udk 0dik ;f 0ef;ulnaD xmufyahH y;&ef?
wtmif; (yavmif)vkyif ef;tzJ@G
(TSYO,PWO,PSLF)

12
wtmif; (yavmif) vkyif ef;tzJŒG

13