Further Covalent Bonding

1. Multiple covalent bonding 1.1 Draw the Lewis structure for the following molecules. a. CO2 b. N2 c. HCN d. C2H2 1.2 Cyanomethane (CH3CN) is an organic solvent more commonly known as acetonitrile. Draw the Lewis structure for cyanomethane molecule. 2. Exceptions to the octet rule 2.1 Give examples of elements that do not normally obey the octet rule when they form compounds. 2.2 BeCl2, BCl3 and AlCl3 are three examples of covalent chlorides. a. Draw Lewis structures for these molecules. b. What is a common feature of these molecules? 2.3 Hydrogen sulphide (H2S), sulphur dioxide (SO2) and sulphur trioxide (SO3) are three compounds of sulphur. Which molecule obeys the octet rule and which molecules do not? Explain your answer. 2.4 Nitrogen and phosphorus are elements in Group 15 of the Periodic Table. Explain why NCl5 does not exist but PCl5 does exist. 3. Coordinate bonding 3.1 What is the difference between normal covalent bonding and coordinate bonding? 3.2 Which of the following species (atom, molecule or ion) may form coordinate bonding? Explain your answer. a. H b. Cl c.AlCl3 d. NH3 3.3 Each of the following species has coordinate bonding between two of its atoms. Identify the donor atom in each case. a. NH4+ compound. a. Write the Lewis symbol or Lewis structure of the ligand for the complex. b. What type of bonding is involved between the ligand and the chromium(III) ion? b. AlCl4 c. NO3- d. CO e. [Cu(H2O)6]2+ 3.4 Triamminetrichlorochromium(III), Cr(NH3)3Cl3, is an example of a complex