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Earning Per Share (EPS): earning of each share unit of a company.

Suppose company A's net earning (total earning -tax - operation cons ) is 100 TK and total
number of share is 10. Thus the EPS= 100 TK/10 = 10 TK
-

Net Asset Value (NAV): Asset (such as matchings, buildings, land, deposit money ) value of
each share. If company A has 100 share and its net total asset value is 10,000TK then NAV=
10,000TK/100 = 100TK

Price Earning Ratio (P/E): Ration of earning with price. Suppose company A's EPS is 20TK and
its current price is 600TK thus P/E= 600TK / 20TK =30
-

Face value : Inertial price of a share. -
Market value: Current price of a share. -

The authorized capital of a company (sometimes referred to as the authorized share capital or the
nominal capital) is the maximum amount of share capital that the company is authorized by its
constitutional documents to issue to shareholders. Part of the authorized capital can (and
frequently does) remain un-issued.
--

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Paid-Up Capital: The total amount of shareholder capital that has been paid in full by
shareholders.

--

outstanding capital : The number of shares of capital stock that have been issued and that are in
public hands. Outstanding stock excludes shares issued but subsequently repurchased by the
issuer as Treasury stock. Outstanding stock is used in the calculation of book value per share and
earnings per share. Also called shares outstanding, stock outstanding.
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source: http://www.dseinvestor.tk (

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- RNSPIN: As per un-audited half yearly accounts as on 30.06.10 (Jan' 10 to June' 10),

the company has reported profit after tax and dividend on preference shares of Tk. 204.89
million with EPS of Tk. 19.14 as against profit after tax of Tk. 79.23 million and EPS of Tk. 7.40
(restated) for the same period of the previous year.
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Definition of a Stock:
In plain and simple, stock is share in the ownership of a company. Stock represents a claim on the
company's assets and earnings. As you acquire more stock, your ownership stake in the company
becomes greater. Whether you say shares, equity or stock, it all means the same thing.
Why does a company issue stock?
A company could keep the profits and earnings to the owner's of the company. It is only possible if a
company does not extend its market share and stays in minimum profits limit. In order to extend market
share or be market leader or get bigger asset, at some point every company needs to raise money. To do
so, companies can either borrow it from somebody or raise it by selling part of the company, which is
known as issuing stock. A company can borrow by taking a loan from a bank or by issuing bonds and
both methods are called debt financing. Conversely issuing stock in the market is called equity financing.
The advantages in issuing stock is a company does not require to pay back the loan or interest payments
along the way. No chances involving into debt and creating obstacle in expanding market share or
adapting the advancement. However, it only leaves shareholder on hope the company will achieve its

target profit and earning per share which leads the capital gains on holding a stock. If the trend shows
negative growth shareholder can sell instantly without having big loss. The first sale of stock by a
company is called the initial public offering (IPO).
Risk Involvement in a Stock:
This is a very important factor believing in Risk when you want to invest in the stock market. There is no
guarantee what percentage you can get capital gain, where and when the stock price stops in up-end or
low-end and how long it takes to get the profits. It is true, no company or institute can guarantee.
However, you can measure the risk various ways. That's why, it is essential to do some "Home Work" on
a company before you invest. The "Home work" should be calculating earning per share, total debt,
relative price strength, profit margins, volumes, industry leader and so on. You can also reducing the risk
by diversifying the portfolios ( selecting stocks from different industries) and measuring the correlation
between a stock and market index. A less risk taker has options to invest in Bond ( fixed returns) or a
company who provides dividends at the end of year. However, investors need to measure "expected
rate of returns" first, and it should be high enough to compensate the investors for the perceived risk of
the investment. Risk is contrary to the positive profit, but there is also bright side. Taking-on greater risk
demands a greater return on the investment. This is the reason why stocks have historically
outperformed other investments such as bonds or savings accounts.
How Stocks Trade:
Most stocks are traded on exchange, which are places where buyers and sellers meet and decide on a
price. Some exchange are physical locations where transactions are carried out on a trading floor. Two
trading floor are located in Bangladesh, DSE which is located in Dhaka, CSE is located in Chittagong.
Chittagong stock exchange is expanded to compose of a network of computers where trades can be
made electronically. We should distinguish between the "primary" and "secondary" market. The primary
market is the first phase of stock where securities created before trading at the floor which is called IPO.
In the secondary market, investors trade previously issued securities without the involvement of the
issuing companies. The secondary market is what people are referring to when they talk about "the
stock market."
What causes prices to change:
Stock prices change everyday by market forces. By this we mean that share prices change because of
supply and demand. Any single time, if more people want to buy a stock (demand) than sell it (supply),
then the price moves up. Conversely, if more people want to sell a stock than buy it, which is a greater
supply than demand, then the price falls.
Understanding supply and demand is pretty much easy. What is difficult to comprehend is what makes
people like a particular stock and dislike another stock. This comes down to figuring out what news is
positive for a company and what news is negative. There are many answers to this problem and just
about any investor you ask has their own ideas and strategies.
That being said, the principal theory is that the price movement of a stock indicates what investors feel a
company is worth. The company's value is different than its stock price. The value of a company is its

market capitalization, which is the stock price multiplied by the number of shares outstanding. For
example, a company that trades at $100 per share and has 1,000,000 shares outstanding ($100 x
1,000,000 = $100,000,000)has a lesser value than a company that trades at $50 but has 5,000,000
shares outstanding ($50 x 5,000,000 = $250,000,000). To further complicate things, the price of a stock
doesn't only reflect a company's current value--it also reflects the growth that investors expect in the
future.
The most important factor that affects the value of a company is its earnings.
Earnings are the profit a company makes, and in the long run no company can survive without them. It
makes sense when you think about it. If a company never makes money, they aren't going to stay in
business. Public companies are required to report their earnings four times a year. Many analysts
forecast earning per share four times a year. If a company's results surprise (are better than expected),
the price jumps up. If a company's results disappoint (are worse than expected), then the price will fall.
Of course, it's not just earnings that can change the sentiment towards a stock price. It would be a
rather simple world if this were the case! During the dot-com bubble, for example, dozens of Internet
companies rose to have market capitalizations in the billions of dollars without ever making even the
smallest profit. As we all know, these valuations did not hold, In fact they are corrected by market value.
There are factors other than current earnings that influence stocks. Investors have developed literally
hundreds of these variables, ratios and indicators.
So, why do stock prices change?
The best answer is that nobody really knows for sure. Some believe that it isn't possible to predict how
stocks will change in price while others think that by drawing charts and looking at past price
movements, you can determine when to buy and sell. The only thing we do know as a certainty is that
stocks are volatile and can change in price extremely rapidly.
The Bulls, the Bears, and the Farm:
On Wall Street, the bulls and bears are in a constant struggle. If you haven't heard of these terms
already, you undoubtedly will as you begin invest. The Bulls: a bull market is when everything in the
economy is great, people are finding jobs, GDP is growing and stocks are rising. Things are just plain
rosy, picking stocks during a bull market is easier because everything is going up. Bull markets can't last
forever though, and sometimes they can lead to dangerous situations if stocks become overvalued. If a
person is optimistic, believing that stocks will go up, he or she is called a bull and said to have a bullish
outlook. The Bears: a bear market is when the economy is bad, recession is looming, and stock prices are
falling.
All About Dividends:
One of best way to invest in dividend stocks is the buy-and-hold strategy. That means you buy a
dividend paying stock and hold it until you find another company paying higher-yield dividend for
enough period of time. Basically you will have fixed income as dividends in addition to stock price gain
or loss.

What you should consider to own a dividend stock forever, you want three things from that stock:
1. High yield dividends.
2. Continued payment history.
3. Payout ratio follows less than 70% on Net-income.
Dividend payments: when a company declares dividend usually quoted either as a Dollar/Taka amount
or as a percentage. The Dollar/Taka amount is how much you will get paid per year on each share of
stock you own. The percentage is calculated as the dollar/taka amount on each stock own divided by the
current per stock price times 100 that is called dividend yield.
Yield explained: by looking at the percentage you can easily compare better investments strategy and
grasp which stock will pay you most on your amount of investment. You will learn why dividends yield is
crucial factor of choosing dividend paying stocks.
For example: if you purchase 100 shares of stock at $10 per share, you will have invested a total of
$1,000 (100 shares X $10 per share = $1,000 invested)
How much you will get on every share of stock you own?
Lets say a company is paying 8% dividend yield, so there will be $80 earnings on your investment of
$1,000 (1,000 invested X 8% = $80) $80 dividends per year.
This means that this stock pays you $.80 for every shares of stock you own (earnings $80/100 shares).
Now, if another stock also paying $.80 per share, but the stock price of that stock is $20 per share. In
your $1,000 investment you will have 50 shares a price of $20 per share. On your $1000 investment, on
this second company you will earn ($.80 X 50) $40 every year.
Lets calculate the yield of second stock, it pays $.80 per share, and its share price is $20. So, the yield is
(.80X100/20) 4%. Your plan is to get highest return on a fixed of $1,000 investment, keeping this
strategy well-planned you can see that you get 100 shares on a first stock and 50 shares on a second
stock, but both pay you exactly $.80 per share you own. In this scenario, you can comprehend which
stock will pay more earnings with the $1,000 investments because of highest yield with same amount of
payment per share.
Only your yield matters: note that the only thing matter is the yield for the price that you bought at.
Even if the price of the stock goes up or down after you have bought it. You will earn same amount of
money because you still own the same number of shares. So, the key is to compare their yields.
Trend of continued payment:
Your only concern is to minimize the risk on every penny you investment. Then you research high-yield
paying dividend stocks those companies have record of paying dividends for at least 4/5 years. History of
dividends payment in the past for years most likely will continue to pay in coming years. Owning a share
of stock is the same as owning a piece of a company. The dividends are paid out of what a company
earns in Net-income and have savings. If a company does not have growth in net-income or enough cash
savings in balance-sheet how long will a company continue to pay dividends? So, it is important that a

company is able to pay dividends based on their profits over a year, and you want to make sure their
payout is less than they earn in income. One way to determine this is by checking the stocks payout
ratio.
Payout Ratios explained:
The payout ratio is the amount a company pays in dividends divided the companys income. Lets say a
company pays out $1,000 worth of dividends and earns $10,000 income end of the year, then its payout
ratio is
10% ($1,000/$10,000 income times 100).
Now, if a companys payout ratio greater than 100% means that the company is paying out more in
dividends than they make in income. Think carefully about how long a company could continue to stay
in business if they spend more money than they make. Obvious answer is not very long. And definitely
not forever, which is how long you expect to own the stock
Sustainable Payout Ratio:
A sustainable payout ratio is generally considered less than 75%. That means a company pays dividends
to investors out of 75% its income and remaining 25% of income is going to companys reinvestment
plan. A company needs enough cash to create new products, advertise to new customers, new business
plant, and generally just keep continuous business growth. If no reinvestment is made then the
companys income could shrink over time.
What would happen when companys income shrinks? How much would it hurt keeping business same
phase of expansion? It shows that if companys income slows down that will lead the payout ratio for
the stock to go up. Lets say that the above companys income drops to $5,000 from $10,000 over year
and its payout payment is same $1,000 as before.
$1,000 dividends / $5,000 income = 20%.
So it is very important for a company to maintain growth in business expansion and its net-income by
reinvesting in itself.
There should be a cap to maintain reasonable payout ratio which is standard for most companies. A
payout ratio of 75% or less also provides a cushion for the company in case of hard times arrives. As
economy slows down, most companies income also go down. If a company is paying 100% of the
previous income as dividends, then they will have to lower the total dividends payment to match the
current income.

Tops link, DSE link,

DSE News, Dse today news: http://dsebd.org/display_news.php
News Archive, DSE News Archive: http://dsebd.org/news_archive.php<
Price Earning Ratio : at a glancehttp://dsebd.org/latest_PE.php

Top Ten Gainer: http://dsebd.org/top_ten_gainer.php

Top Ten Loser: http://dsebd.org/top_ten_loser.php
Top Twenty Shares: http://dsebd.org/top_20_share.php
IPO Lottery Result : http://dsebd.org/ipo_lottery_result.php
Company's AGM, EGM and Record Date/ Book Closure: http://dsebd.org/Company_AGM.htm
Securities and Exchange Commission, SEC : http://www.secbd.org/

Central Depository Bangladesh Limited (CDBL), CDBL : http://www.cdbl.com.bd/

Sustainable Payout Ratio:

A sustainable payout ratio is generally considered less than 75%. That means a company pays dividends
to investors out of 75% its income and remaining 25% of income is going to companys reinvestment
plan. A company needs enough cash to create new products, advertise to new customers, new business
plant, and generally just keep continuous business growth. If no reinvestment is made then the
companys income could shrink over time.
What would happen when companys income shrinks? How much would it hurt keeping business same
phase of expansion? It shows that if companys income slows down that will lead the payout ratio for
the stock to go up. Lets say that the above companys income drops to $5,000 from $10,000 over year
and its payout payment is same $1,000 as before.
$1,000 dividends / $5,000 income = 20%.

Payout Ratios explained:

The payout ratio is the amount a company pays in dividends divided the companys income. Lets say a
company pays out $1,000 worth of dividends and earns $10,000 income end of the year, then its payout
ratio is
10% ($1,000/$10,000 income times 100).
Now, if a companys payout ratio greater than 100% means that the company is paying out more in
dividends than they make in income. Think carefully about how long a company could continue to stay
in business if they spend more money than they make. Obvious answer is not very long. And definitely
not forever, which is how long you expect to own the stock.

Sunday, June 6, 2010

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Trend of continued payment:
Your only concern is to minimize the risk on every penny you investment. Then you research high-yield
paying dividend stocks those companies have record of paying dividends for at least 4/5 years. History of
dividends payment in the past for years most likely will continue to pay in coming years. Owning a share
of stock is the same as owning a piece of a company. The dividends are paid out of what a company
earns in Net-income and have savings. If a company does not have growth in net-income or enough cash
savings in balance-sheet how long will a company continue to pay dividends? So, it is important that a
company is able to pay dividends based on their profits over a year, and you want to make sure their
payout is less than they earn in income. One way to determine this is by checking the stocks payout
ratio.
All About Dividends:
One of best way to invest in dividend stocks is the buy-and-hold strategy. That means you buy a
dividend paying stock and hold it until you find another company paying higher-yield dividend for
enough period of time. Basically you will have fixed income as dividends in addition to stock price gain
or loss.
What you should consider to own a dividend stock forever, you want three things from that stock:
1. High yield dividends.
2. Continued payment history.
3. Payout ratio follows less than 70% on Net-income.
Dividend payments: when a company declares dividend usually quoted either as a Dollar/Taka amount
or as a percentage. The Dollar/Taka amount is how much you will get paid per year on each share of
stock you own. The percentage is calculated as the dollar/taka amount on each stock own divided by the
current per stock price times 100 that is called dividend yield.
Yield explained: by looking at the percentage you can easily compare better investments strategy and
grasp which stock will pay you most on your amount of investment. You will learn why dividends yield is

crucial factor of choosing dividend paying stocks.

For example: if you purchase 100 shares of stock at $10 per share, you will have invested a total of
$1,000 (100 shares X $10 per share = $1,000 invested)
How much you will get on every share of stock you own?
Lets say a company is paying 8% dividend yield, so there will be $80 earnings on your investment of
$1,000 (1,000 invested X 8% = $80) $80 dividends per year.
This means that this stock pays you $.80 for every shares of stock you own (earnings $80/100 shares).
Now, if another stock also paying $.80 per share, but the stock price of that stock is $20 per share. In
your $1,000 investment you will have 50 shares a price of $20 per share. On your $1000 investment, on
this second company you will earn ($.80 X 50) $40 every year.
Lets calculate the yield of second stock, it pays $.80 per share, and its share price is $20. So, the yield is
(.80X100/20) 4%. Your plan is to get highest return on a fixed of $1,000 investment, keeping this
strategy well-planned you can see that you get 100 shares on a first stock and 50 shares on a second
stock, but both pay you exactly $.80 per share you own. In this scenario, you can comprehend which
stock will pay more earnings with the $1,000 investments because of highest yield with same amount of
payment per share.
Only your yield matters: note that the only thing matter is the yield for the price that you bought at.
Even if the price of the stock goes up or down after you have bought it. You will earn same amount of
money because you still own the same number of shares. So, the key is to compare their yields.
Stock Exchange list
Nasdaq website,Nasdaq website address: http://www.nasdaq.com/
Japan stock market,http://www.tse.or.jp/english
Thai Stock market: www.thaistockmarket.com
China Stock market: www.chinastockmarket.org
NYSE, New York Stock Exchange: www.nyse.com
Australian Securities Exchange:www.asx.com.au
london stoc kexchange:www.londonstockexchange.com
Russian Trading System Stock Exchange: www.rts.ru/en

Earnings one of important indicator for future growth of the companies:

There are two major types of analysis for predicting the performance of any company's stock-Fundamental analysis and Technical analysis. Being You ask yourself why you want to buy a particular
stock? We should have a bunch of good reasons before we buy a stock. That's why, you and I need to
analyze a stock using fundamental, technical, volume techniques or dow theory. This is called homework as we analyze a stock to predict future growth of company's stock...the goal is to derive a forecast
for the future and nothing else, so that we can pick good stocks to invest and make money out of those
stocks growth.
1. Fundamental analysis uses the company's balance sheet, the income statement, the statement of
sources, and uses of working capital.
2. Determine the value of a company which ( price per share times outstanding stocks) is lower than its
net assets of a company and it means stock price is undervalued and its net assets is stronger than its
market value if it goes to liquidation.
3. Focus on expected the future earnings and try to buy a stock at low price compared to the future
earnings based on price/earnings (P/E) ratio ( price per share divided by earnings per share) if it is lower
which means firm is riskier and poor growth prospects in the future.
4. Stocks move as a group. By understanding a company's business, investors can better position
themselves to categorize stocks within their relevant industry group. For instance, Banking sector is
moving up-ward together right now.

If u need more information

Plzz contrac with me

Sazzad Hossen Chowdhury

Mobile no:
01717-487974
01670-262024