PHYSICS 2 4531/2 100 MARKS

SECTION A (60 MARKS) B (20 MARKS) C (20 MARKS) TYPE OF QUESTION STRUCTURE NUMBER OF QUESTIONS TO ANSWER 8 ALL (4 T0 12 MARKS EACH) 2 (20 MARKS 3 - 1 4 PARTS 1-10 MARKS 2(20 MARKS) 1

ESSAY

ESSAY

Quality
Fair to all Read carefully and repeatedly to find marks No sympathize for careless mistake( long answer) Mark all the answer, no part is left out Sum out all the marks without mistake State with number to denote mark number Example 3 meant 3 rd mark Add the marks based on each sub part and question not based on each page

Misleading physics term

Using the concepts of momentum and inertia, explain why the speed limit and the load limit must be imposed on heavy vehicles (4 marks)

Your answer should has

i) Momentum depends on mass and velocity ii) High momentum causes a high impulsive force to act on the lorry when an accident occurs iii) Inertia depends on mass iv) Difficult to stop when the mass is big
Note :Not accept heavy load as mass and speed as velocity

 Sample 1(10) The suitable tanker is the tanker that using Antilock Brake system.This type of brake is very good and very safety.It will stop the tanker in intervals The tanker must have a lot number of tyres.This is because it must stand heavy loads that carry by the tanker. The tanker must lot of tanker with small size in the trailer.This is because to reduce the impact of inertia exert on the tanker

 Cont. Sample 1 There must be a distance between the trailer and the tractor. Because if the tanker brake in sudden,it will increase the impact of time.The impulsive force will decrease The most suitable tanker is tanker R.This is because it have ABS as the brake.Its also using a lot of tyres to withstands the heavy load.Its have five small tanks in the trailer,so that the impact of inertia will decrease.These also a distance between the tractor and the trailer.So,the impulsive force will decrease. By using tanker R,oil will deliver safely.

 Sample 2(10) The type of brakes that is most suitable is the ABS brake Abs brake is more effective than iar brake as it ensure the tanker from slipping off the road while braking. The number of tyres that should be used must be 2 or more More tyres will increase the surface area of the tanker and the surface of road thus reducing the pressure and provide more stability to the tanker The number of tanks should be 5 or more and the size of tanks should be small This will help to reduce inertia of tanker when it comes to a sudden stop or when going left or right It avoid the tanker from overturn and accidents to occur, also avoid the oil from sorks out the tanks

 Cont. sample 2 The distance between the trailer and the tractor should be further apart This will avoid the oil from spitting and ensure that the oil tankers will not affected when head on collision occurred which can lead to more serious accidents The most suitable tanker is tanker R This is because it used ABS brake, it has 2 tyres and 5 small tanks and the distance between the trailer and the tanker is further

 Sample 3(6) Tyres of brake - Tanker P and tanker Q use the same type of brake which is air brake - Tanker R and S used the same type of brake which is ABS The number of tyres - Tanker P and S use one tyre while tanker Q and R use two tyres -Tanker R and tanker Q is more safety than tanker R,P and S The number and size of tanks -Tanker Q and R have 5 small tanks while tanker P and Q have one big tank

Cont. Sample 3 The distance between the trailer and the tractor Tanker R and S is far the distance between the trailer and the tractor while the distance between the trailer and the tractor is very close I will choose tanker R because it use ABS which is good when need emergency brake Secondly it use two tyres and it will make the trailer stable Thirdly although the size of the tanks are small but it has 5 tanks. When one of the tanks break, it will never affect the other tanks.If it is one big tanks, it will effect the trailer because all the oil are put into one big tank Lastly,the distance between the trailer and the tractor is far .It is good for the driver to drive the vehicle.It is good and safe for the driver during if there will be an accident

(SECTION B)2008/2/9
Diagram 9.1 shows two identical steel balls placed onto spring M and spring N. Both springs are elastic and fixed to horizontal surface. The springs are pushed down until the lengths of spring M and N are the same. Diagram 9.2 shows the maximum heights reached by the balls when the hands are released. (Assume spring M and spring N are the same material, same coil diameter and same original length)

LAW & PRINCIPLE

Correct spelling Archimedes// Bernoulli// Lenz//Hooke

HOW 5
i)What is the meaning of elasticity? (1) ii) Using Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2, compare the thickness of the spring wire and the maximum height reached by the balls. Relate the thickness of the spring wire with the maximum height of the ball to make a deduction regarding the relationship between the thickness of the spring wire and the elastic potential energy of the spring. (HOW 5)

 The ability of a substance to return to it original length Elasticity is the ability of an object or material to return to its original state i)after being stretched or compressed ii)when stressed iii)When the force acts on it iv)when the force acts on it is removed

 Sample 1 The thickness of the spring wire of spring N is thicker than the thickness of the spring wire of spring M from diagram 9.1 and diagram9.2.Both spring are pushed with steel ball with same heights.In diagram 9.2,the maximum height reached by the ball pushed by spring N is higher than the maximum height reached by the ball pushed by spring M. Therefore ,the thickner the spring wire,the heigher the maximum height of the ball because a thicker spring wire has a higher elastic potential energy in the spring.The thicker the spring wire,the greater its elastic potential energy and the higher the maximum height reached by the ball.

 Sample 2 Spring N is thicker than spring M Maximum height reached by balls released by spring N is higher than maximum height reached by balls released by spring M The thicker the spring wire the higher the maximum height reached by the ball The thicker the spring wire,the higher the elastic potential energy of the spring A spring which has a thicker wire is a more elastic spring

How to get 5 marks

1st compare thickness of wire in Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 2nd Compare maximum height reached by the balls in Diagram 9.1 and Diagram 9.2 3rd Relate thickness of wire with maximum height reached by the ball 4th Relationship between the thickness of the spring wire and the elastic potential energy 5th ???????

UNLIMITED RESPONSE Explain as many as possible BUT no pole vaulter performing a contrdiction C) Diagram 9.3 shows a

jump. Using appropriate physics concepts, explain the use of suitable equipment and techniques to improve his performance. Your answer should include the following aspects: i) Vaulters attire ii) Vaulters movement iii) Pole uses iv) Safety (10 marks)

 Case 1 The vaulter should wear appropriate shoe with a lot of tracts beneath it to increase the frictional force and prevent the vaulter from skidding The vaulter also wear shoes with spike to reduce the surface area and increase pressure.His feet will be firmly on ground and he will not skid The vaulter clothes must be made of material which is of low density.So that the vaulter is lighter so he can jump higher The vaulter clothes must be tight and comfortable to make a smooth jump and his clothes will not get stuck on the pole The material which made the clothes must be able to absorp sweat.The vaulter will feel comfortable

Cont. The vaulter should run before jumping to increase the velocity thus increasing the impulsive force The pole should be long enough according to the height needed to be overcome The pole should be able to bend.To prevent the pole from breaking when it is bent during jumping

 Cont. Pole used must be of material of low density.So that it is lighter and can easily be carried by vaulter A thick mattress is put as landing pad to increase the reaction time and reduce impulsive force The runway must be clean and free from grease to prevent vaulter from skidding

t Vaulte should be tight and rs grip the body of attire vaulter -light material Valute rs move ment Pole used

-To grip the body of vaulter and reduce air resistance -to prevent injury when wearing not too baggy clothes

-He should run -Running with high speed to very fast with head gain enough momentum and torso in and kinetic energy for event forward state Elastic pole to allow it to bend without breaking to lift the vaulter Use thick mattress to length time of impact and reduce

Elastic pole with high spring constant Safety Use thick mattress

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

CONSIST SECTION A ,B AND C ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS IN SECTION A, IN THE SPACES PROVIDED ANSWER 1 QUESTION FROM SECTION B AND 1 QUESTION FROM SECTION C IN DETAIL. YOU MAY USE EQUATIONS , DIAGRAMS , TABLES , GRAPHS AND OTHER SUITABLE METHODS TO EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER SHOW YOUR WORKING ,IT MAY HELP YOU TO GET MARKS

Information For Candidate

Have you Photostat and provide to your student All information and list of formula printed in the passed year question

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

A LIST OF FORMULAE IS PROVIDED THE MARKS ALLOCATED FOR EACH QUESTION OR SUB QUESTION ARE SHOWN IN BRACKETS YOU MAY USE A NON-PROGRAMMABLE SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR

INFORMATION FOR CANDIDATES

IF YOU WISH TO CHANGE YOUR ANSWER, NEATLY CROSS OUT THE ANSWER THAT YOU HAVE DONE. THEN WRITE THE ANSWER ??? TO FOLLOW ??? DIAGRAMS IN THE QUESTIONS PROVIDED ARE NOT DRAWN TO SCALE UNLESS STATED

ADVICE
Use the answer spaces provided and the allocation of marks in each part as a guide to determine the length of your answer Dont waste time to copy the question. straight to the points or facts 1 mark means 1 fact. 2 marks means 2 facts 3 marks ? Expect 3 facts from you

ADVICE
ANSWER STRAIGHT TO THE POINTS AND ACCORDING TO REQUIREMENT OF THE QUESTION USE YOUR TIME WISELY.MAKE FULL USE OF 2 HOURS ALLOCATED. DONT WASTE TIME FOR TOILET NO LIQUID PAPER

Bahasa
Allow to answer in Bahasa Inggeris Bahasa Melayu Kedua-dua bahasa

PROBLEM
Dont understand the question Dont know the requirement of the question Not according to marking criteria Answer without scientific fact Answer has general meaning Do not use the CORRECT term or word

IMPORTANT
IDENTIFY THE KEY WORD/STATEMENT OF A QUESTION KNOW THE REQUIREMENT OF THE STATEMENT REFER TO THE MARKS ALLOCATED AND THE ANSWER SPACE PROVIDED

Mark and allocation of space

1 mark = 1 fact = 1or 2 lines 2 marks = 2 facts = 2 to 4 lines Normally one fact and one reason Explanation with 2 facts 3 marks = 3 facts =3 to 5 lines

BLANK AND UNANSWER

Weaker candidates usually answered some questions only and tend to left out the others Advice them to read the questions and answer any thing that come across their minds. Not to copy the questions only THERE MIGHT BE MANY POSSIBLE ANSWERS THAT CAN BE ACCEPTED

Geometrical set
2006 In the space below, draw the scale drawings of triangles of forces to determine the values of . (4 marks) Majority can not //answer wrongly without the geometrical set

Liquid Paper
Advice not to use Cases not wrote the answer. Forgot to write answer even through they know

Cross the answer

No marking if the answer is crossed Provided has enough time to answer again else dont cross the answer Answered partly on Question 9 but decide to answer Question 10, dont cross Question 9 that may get higher marks

Type of question for section A

Marks allocated : 1 ,2 or 3 marks Majority 1 mark per part/sub-part

CALCULATION 2008 A(17/60) C(2/40) 2007A(18/60)C(5/20 5/20)

WRITE THE FORMULA CORRECT SUBSTITUTE use SI unit cm to m g to kg minute to s ANSWER WITH CORRECT UNIT Esp. N ; J ; W ; Pa ANSWER WITHOUT UNIT ANSWER IN TWO DECIMAL PLACES.ROUND Off THE NUMBER CORRECTLY 1.667 ;1.67 1.66 ; 1.7 x

Example
An object of mass 500 g is fell freely from a place 3 m above the ground. Calculate the kinetic energy of the object just before it touches the ground. Solution: Kinetic energy=0.5x10x3 =15 J What about this? Kinetic energy=mgh=500 x 10 x 3 = 15 J

EXAMPLE
A 210 W heater is put into a beaker of water. The mass of the water in the beaker is 500g.The heater is switched on for 2 minutes. Calculate the change in the temperature of the water. (Specific heat capacity of water is 4200 Jkg C ) Solution: Pt = mc 210x2x60=0.5x4200x = 12 C MISTAKE but : 210X2 = 500X4200X

Example on Radioactive
The half-life of Cobalt-60 is 5.27 years. Calculate the time taken for the activity of Cobalt-60 to reduce to 6.25% of its initial value. (2 marks) 100 50 25 12.5 6.25 Time taken = 4 x 5.27= 21.08 years 21.08 years only = 1 mark

Graph of Radioactive activity

Show on the graph the time taken for half the activity to decay = working mark
10000

5000

CALCULATION
WRONG WORKING BUT CORRECT ANSWER :NO MARK CORRECT ANSWER ONLY WITHOUT WORKING : MARK FOR ANSWER ONLY SUBSTITUTION NOT IN SI UNIT BUT CORRECT ANSWER IN SI UNIT :MARK FOR SUBSTITUTION ONLY TO GET MARK FOR ANSWER : CORRECT ANSWER WITH CORRECT UNIT

Mind U Word
Use word with specific meaning and correct Physics concept We understand what candidate wanted to answer but the statement or word used is wrong

ALTTITUDE
We can not assume for them We can not sympathies for them We can not mark according to what we wish We mark according to marking scheme We must be fair to all candidates We must have a right attitude to mark

Answer not specific

1 Take the correct reading 2 Suitable mass 3 Change of velocity 4 Density is not too high 5 Penetrating power is high or moderate 6 Volume (of water/solid/gas?) 7 Pressure (air/water/atmosphere?)

2007/2/6ai/biv Diagram shows a lighting circuit of a house.

L E N a(ii) What will happen to the other bulbs if one bulb blows? (1)

light up

Still function x
(1)

b(iv) How can the bulbs be connected to increase the total resistance of the circuit?

Arrange the bulbs in series Increase the number of bulbs in the circuit x

MInd YOUR WORD 2007/2/3a/3b Kinetic Theory of matter Diagram shows the change of phase when 1 kg of ice is converted into stream. R S 1 kg ice at 0 C 1 kg water at 0 C a) Name the heat energy which is absorbed from R to S. (1 )

Latent heat Specific latent heat

b) State one reason why the temperature at R and S is the same even though heat is supplied. (1)

The heat needed to break the bonds between the molecules The heat needed to break the bonds between the molecules of water x Heat absorbed = heat lost x

Misleading term
A ball is thrown vertically upward. What will happen to the motion of the ball while it move upward? Answer? Motion decrease Move upward slowly Velocity decrease

Common mistake for forces

Thrust//up thrust//forward thrust Weight // gravitation attraction force Buoyant force // lift Friction force//air resistance // water resistance // drag

THREE POSIBLE ANSWER FOR COMPARE

(i) Equal

(ii) Higher, larger (iii) Lower ,smaller Dont use words like: (i) remain// there are changes// (ii) Pointer is deflected // high / small / big / large / low when answering question on COMPARE

DEFINITION
Can give the definition of physics quantity or meaning of physics concept

Arrow sign
Dont use F a Dont use t F OK to use Kinetic energy

potential energy

Answer more than request

State ONE apparatus (1 mark) Answer more than one apparatus and there is one mistake = 0 mark Suggest TWO methods (2 marks) Answer more than two methods, one mistake minus one = 1 mark two mistakes = 0 mark Answer 3 methods and all correct = 2 marks

Symbol
Dont use symbol in section A If use , must explain the meaning of symbol example F is the force Not encourage to use symbol in section B & C although most of the time it is accepted in the case of explaining

What is wanted by DIAGRAM (LIGHT )

Convex and concave Lenses Mark the optical centre,O AND focus point,F clearly Refraction bent toward the normal or away from the normal (density of the medium) Total internal reflection i)denser medium to less den medium ii) i > c

2005/2/11c AstronomicalTelescope
a(iii)Using two convex lenses,draw a ray diagram to show the formation of the final image by the telescope at normal adjustment. (5 )

Expect from U Diagram

i)Label objective lens and eyepiece lens correctly ii)Two parallel rays toward objective lens iii) Focus point of objective and eyepiece lenses overlap iv) Light converge by objectic lens v) Parallel light by the eyepiece lens

Objective lens

Eyepiece lens

Fe F0 Fe

2003/2/4(a)(iii) Refraction
In Figure,draw a ray diagram from point P to the eye to show how the legs appear shorter. (2)

Refraction:Do U shown

Image

1. Two Ray from point P refracted away from the normal 2. Image vertically above point P

WATER WAVES
Refraction (deep and shallow water) 1. Changes in direction of wave 2. Changes in wavelength of the waves

DIFFRACTION OF WATER WAVES st 1 Waves bent at the edges nd 2 Waves spread out rd 3 No change in wavelength

LOGIC GATES
Especially NOT /AND / OR Gates 1. The symbol of the gates, number of input and output 2. The output (0/1 ; on/off) for a given input 3. Truth table : Mark given either all the horizontal output or all the vertically output are correct

2005/2/8c/d LOGIC GATES

Figure shows a combination of logic gates, P , that is suggested to develop the logic gates system.
N Input S Input T o P Output

4531/2/A6/2004

Red fringe

Figure 6.1 Blue fringe

Figure 6.2

b) Using the pattern of the fringes in Figure 6.2 and Figure

6.3,state two observations about the distances between consecutive fringes for the red light and blue light. (2)
1.The distance between consecutive red fringes or blue fringes is equal (similarity) 2. The distance between consecutive red fringes is more than blue fringes (different)

c) Compare the wavelengths of red light to blue light

Wavelength of red light is larger

(1)

d) Compare the wavelengths of red light and blue light with the distances between consecutive fringes in (b) (1)
Longer wavelength will produce longer distance between the consecutive fringes

Which Question To Answer?

SECTION B 9 or 10? (Unlimited response) AND SECTION C 11 or 12? (Limited response)

Choose a right question

Sometimes Questions in Section B or Section C have different level of difficulties. Read the questions carefully and decide which question is easier to score before answer

Case : Answer 2 Questions in Section B/C ???

Answer both questions in Section B,9 & 10 Mark both Questions and the question with higher mark is chosen Answer both question in Section C,11 &12 Mark both questions and the question with the higher mark is chosen Answer Both questions in Section B only Question with higher mark is chosen

LIMITED RESPONSES
Answered according to the given facts based on a series of Diagrams Or on a Table The specification/characteristics/.. are limited response BUT not the reason