BI TP ANDEHIT XETON - I Gio vin: Nguyn Hu Hiu 0934511477 http://diendanhoahochp.dmon.com H v tn: Lp:.

Cu 1: Hn hp M gm mt anehit v mt ankin (c cng s nguyn t cacbon). t chy hon ton x mol hn hp M, thu c 3x mol CO2 v 1,8x mol H2O. Phn trm s mol ca anehit trong hn hp M l: A. 40%. B. 50%. C. 20%. D. 30%. Cu 2: Hn hp X gm hai anehit n chc Y v Z (bit phn t khi ca Y nh hn ca Z). Cho 1,89 gam X tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3, sau khi cc phn ng kt thc, thu c 18,36 gam Ag v dung dch E. Cho ton b E tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), thu c 0,784 lt CO2 (ktc). Tn ca Z l A. anehit acrylic. B. anehit butiric. C. anehit axetic. D. anehit propionic. Cu 3: X l hn hp gm H2 v hi ca hai anehit (no, n chc, mch h, phn t u c s nguyn t C nh hn 4), c t khi so vi heli l 4,7. un nng 2 mol X (xc tc Ni), c hn hp Y c t khi hi so vi heli l 9,4. Thu ly ton b cc ancol trong Y ri cho tc dng vi Na (d), c V lt H2 (ktc). Gi tr ln nht ca V l B. 11,2. C. 13,44. D. 22,4. A. 5,6. Cu 4: t chy hon ton anehit X, thu c th tch kh CO2 bng th tch hi nc (trong cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Khi cho 0,01 mol X tc dng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th thu c 0,04 mol Ag. X l A. anehit no, mch h, hai chc. B. anehit fomic. C. anehit axetic. D. anehit khng no, mch h, hai chc Cu 5: X, Y, Z l cc hp cht mch h, bn c cng cng thc phn t C3H6O. X tc dng c vi Na v khng c phn ng trng bc. Y khng tc dng c vi Na nhng c phn ng trng bc. Z khng tc dng c vi Na v khng c phn ng trng bc. Cc cht X, Y, Z ln lt l: A. CH2=CH-CH2-OH, CH3-CO-CH3, CH3-CH2-CHO. B. CH2=CH-CH2-OH, CH3-CH2-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3. C. CH3-CH2-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2-OH. D. CH3-CO-CH3, CH3-CH2-CHO, CH2=CH-CH2-OH. Cu 6: Pht biu no sau y v anehit v xeton l sai? A. Hiro xianua cng vo nhm cacbonyl to thnh sn phm khng bn. B. Anehit fomic tc dng vi H2O to thnh sn phm khng bn. C. Axetanehit phn ng c vi nc brom. D. Axeton khng phn ng c vi nc brom. Cu 7: un nng V lt hi anehit X vi 3V lt kh H2 (xc tc Ni) n khi phn ng xy ra hon ton ch thu c mt hn hp kh Y c th tch 2V lt (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit , p sut). Ngng t Y thu c cht Z; cho Z tc dng vi Na sinh ra H2 c s mol bng s mol Z phn ng. Cht X l anehit A. khng no (cha mt ni i C=C), hai chc. B. khng no (cha mt ni i C=C), n chc. C. no, hai chc. D. no, n chc. Cu 8: Cho 3,6 gam anehit n chc X phn ng hon ton vi mt lng d Ag2O (hoc AgNO3) trong dung dch NH3 un nng, thu c m gam Ag. Ho tan hon ton m gam Ag bng dung dch HNO3 c, sinh ra 2,24 lt NO2 (sn phm kh duy nht, ktc). Cng thc ca X l A. C3H7CHO. B. HCHO. C. C2H5CHO. D. C4H9CHO. Cu 9: S ng phn xeton ng vi cng thc phn t C5H10O l A. 5. B. 4. C. 3. D. 6. Cu 10: Cho phn ng: 2C6H5-CHO + KOH C6H5-COOK + C6H5-CH2-OH. Phn ng ny chng t C6H5-CHO A. khng th hin tnh kh v tnh oxi ho. B. ch th hin tnh kh. C. va th hin tnh oxi ho, va th hin tnh kh. D. ch th hin tnh oxi ho. Cu 11: hiro ho hon ton 0,025 mol hn hp X gm hai anehit c khi lng 1,64 gam, cn 1,12 lt H2 (ktc). Mt khc, khi cho cng lng X trn phn ng vi mt lng d dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th thu c 8,64 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to ca hai anehit trong X l B. CH2=C(CH3)-CHO v OHC-CHO. A. H-CHO v OHC-CH2-CHO. C. CH2=CH-CHO v OHC-CH2-CHO. D. OHC-CH2-CHO v OHC-CHO. Cu 12: T khi hi ca 2 andehit no, n chc i vi oxi < 2 . t chy hon ton m gam hn hp gm hai andehit trn thu c 7,04 gam CO2 . Khi cho m gam hn hp trn phn ng hon ton vi AgNO3 d trong dung dch NH3 thu c 12,96 gam Ag . Cng thc phn t ca hai andehit v thnh phn % khi lng ca chng l

A : CH3CHO : 27,5% ; CH3CH2CHO : 72,5% B : HCHO : 20,5% ; CH3CHO : 79,5% C : HCHO : 3,82% ; CH3CH2CHO : 96,18% D : C A v C Cu 13: Cho cht A v H2 i qua Ni nung nng thu c cht B.Cht B c t khi hi i vi NO bng 2. Ho lng cht B v cho 3 gam cht lng B tc dng vi Na d thu c 0,7 lt H2 00C v 0,8 atm . Cho 2,8 gam cht A tc dng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 d to ra 10,8 gam Ag.Cng thc phn t ca A l: A : C2H3CHO B : C2H5CHO D : HCHO C : CH3CHO 14-15-16 : t chy hon ton 19,2 gam hn hp X gm 2 andehit ng ng lin tip thu c 17,92 lt CO2 (ktc) v 14,4 gam H2O . Nu cho 9,6 gam hn hp trn tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 d th thu c m gam Ag kt ta . Nu ly 9,6 gam hn hp trn cho phn ng cng vi H2 hon ton thu c hn hp X1 gm 2 cht mi . t chy hon ton X1 thu c V lt CO2(ktc) v m (gam )H2O Cu 14: Cng thc ca 2 andeht l B : HCHO v CH3CHO A : CH3CHO v CH3CH2CHO C : O=CH-CH=O v O=C-CH2-CH=O D : CH3CH2CHO v C3H7CHO Cu 15 : Khi lng tnh bng gam ca Ag thu c l A : 75,6g B : 54,0g C : 5,4g D : 21,6g Cu 16 : Gi tr V(CO2) v m (H2O) A : 17,92 lit v 14,4 g B : 8,96 lt v 11,7g C : 4,48 lit v 7,2 g D : 8,96 lit v 7,2g Cu 17: Hp cht hu c A c cng thc phn t CxHyO c MA < 90 dvC , A tham gia phn ng trng gng v c th tc dng vi H2/Ni,t0 sinh ra mt ancol c cacbon bc bn trong phn t. Cng thc cu to ca A l: A : (CH3)3CCHO B : (CH3)2CHCHO C : (CH3)3C-CH2-CHO D : (CH3)2CH-CH2-CHO Cu 18: Hn hp A gm metanal v etanal . Khi oxi ho m gam A (hiu sut 100%) thu c hn hp B gm 2 axit hu c tng ng c dB/A = a . Gi tr ca a trong khong D : 1,36 < a < 1,53 A : 1,45 < a < 1,50 B : 1,26 < a < 1,47 C : 1,62 < a < 1,75 Cu 19: Cho 4 cht: benzen, metanol, phenol, anehit fomic. Th t cc ha cht c dng phn bit 4 cht trn l: A. nc brom, dung dch AgNO3/NH3; Na B. dung dch AgNO3/NH3; Na; nc brom C. dung dch AgNO3/NH3; nc brom; Na D. Na; nc brom; dung dch AgNO3/NH3 Cu 20: Chia hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc thnh hai phn bng nhau. - Phn 1: t chy hon ton thu c 0,54 gam H2O - Phn 2: Cng H2 to ra hn hp X (H = 100%) Nu t chy hon ton X th th tch kh CO2 (ktc) to ra l A. 1,344 lt B. 0,672 lt C. 1,008 lt D. 1,680 lt Cu 21: Cho hn hp kh X gm HCHO v H2 i qua ng s ng bt Ni nung nng. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y gm hai cht hu c. t chy ht Y th thu c 11,7 gam H2O v 7,84 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Phn trm theo th tch ca H2 trong X l A. 46,15% B. 35,00% C. 53,85% D. 65,00% Cu 22: t chy hon ton m gam hn hp hai anehit no, n chc, mch h thu c 0,4 mol CO2. Mt khc, hiro ha hon ton m gam X cn 0,2 mol H2 (Ni, t0), sau phn ng thu c hn hp hai ancol no, n chc. t chy hon ton hn hp hai ancol ny th s mol H2O thu c l A. 0,3 mol B. 0,4 mol C. 0,6 mol D. 0,8 mol 3 0 Cu 23: Cho 280 cm (ktc) hn hp A gm axetylen v etan li t t qua dung dch HgSO4 80 C. Ton b kh v hi ra khi dung dch c cho phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3(d)/NH3 thu c 1,08 gam Ag. Thnh phn % th tch cc cht trong A ln lt l: A. 50% v 50% B. 60% v 40% C. 30% v 70% D. 40% v 60% Cu 24: Dn hi ca 3,0 gam etanol i vo trong ng s nung nng cha bt CuO (d). Lm lnh ngng t sn phm hi i ra khi ng s, c cht lng X. Khi X phn ng hon ton vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 d thy c 8,1 gam Ag kt ta. Hiu sut qu trnh oxi ha etanol bng A. 55,7% B. 60% C. 57,5% D. 75% Cu 25: Oxi ha hon ton 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc X thu c 3,0 gam axit tng ng. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. CH3CHO B.C2H5CHO C. CH3CH(CH3)CHO D. CH3CH2CH2CHO Cu 26: Chuyn ha hon ta 4,6 gam hn hp cha cng s mol 2 ankanol bc nht thnh ankanal cn dng 0,1 mol CuO. Cho ton b ankanal thu c cho phn ng trng gng thu c 0,3 mol Ag. Hai ankanol l A. CH3OH v C3H7OH B. CH3OH v C2H5OH C. C2H5OH v C4H9OH D. C2H5OH v C3H7OH Cu 27: Dn hn hp gm H2 v 3,92 lt (ktc) hi anehit axetic qua ng cha Ni nung nng. Hn hp cc cht sau phn ng

c lm lnh v cho tc dng hon ton vi Na thy thot ra 1,84 lt kh (270C v 1atm). Hiu sut phn ng kh anehit l A. 60,33% B. 84,22% C. 82,44% D. 75,04% Cu 28: Hiro ha hon ton 3,6 gam anehit no, n chc, mch h X thu c 3,7 gam ancol (H = 100%). X l A. metanal B. etanal C. propanal D. Butanal Cu 29: Hn hp X gm 0,1 mol propenal (CH2=CH-CHO) v 0,3 mol H2. Cho hn hp X qua ng s nung nng (Ni xc tc) thu c hn hp Y gm bn cht l propenal, propanal, propan-1-ol v hiro. T khi hi ca hn hp Y so vi metan l 1,55. S mol H2 trong hn hp Y l A. 0,05 B. 0,10 C. 0,15 D. 0,20

Cu 30: Y l mt andehit khng no n chc mch h. t chy hon ton 0,025 mol Y cn dng va ht 2,8 lt oxi ktc. Mt khc khi Y cng hp th cn th tch H2 gp hai ln th tch Y phn ng cng iu kin (t0, P). Cng thc phn t ca Y l A. C3H4O. B. C4H6O. C. C4H4O. D. C5H8O. Cu 31: Xt s chuyn ho :

C3H5Br3 c cng thc cu to l: A. CH2BrCHBrCH2Br B. CBr3CH2CH3 Cu 32: Cho dy chuyn ha.

C. CH3CBr2CH2Br

D. CH3CHBrCHBr2

Vy X l : A. CH3-CH=CH2 B. CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 C. CH3-CH=CH-CH3 D. Xiclo propan Cu 33: Khi oxi ho (xt) m gam hn hp Y gm H-CH=O v CH3-CH=O bng oxi ta thu c (m + 1,6) gam hn hp Z. Gi thit hiu sut 100%. Cn nu cho m gam hn hp Y tc dng vi AgNO3 d trong amoniac th thu c 25,92g Ag. Thnh phn % khi lng ca 2 axit trong hn hp Z l A. 25% v 75% B. 40% v 60% C. 16% v 84% D. 14% v 86% Cu 34: Mt hn hp gm anehit acrylic v mt anehit n chc X. t chy hon ton 1,72 gam hn hp trn cn va ht 2,296 lt kh oxi (ktc). Cho ton b sn phm chy hp th ht vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c 8,5 gam kt ta. Cng thc cu to ca X l A. HCHO. B. C2H5CHO. C. CH3CHO. D. C3H5CHO.