2007-CE

CHEM
PAPER 1
HONG KONG EXAMINATIONS AND ASSESSMENT AUTHORITY
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HONG KONG CERTIFICATE OF EDUCATION EXAMINATION 2007

CHEMISTRY PAPER 1
Candidate Number
Question-Answer Book

8.30 – 10.15 am (1¾ hours) Marker's Examiner's

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This paper must be answered in English. Marker No. Examiner No.

Section A
Marks Marks
Question No.
1. Write your Candidate Number in the space provided 1
on Page 1. 2

2. Stick barcode lables in the spaces provided on Pages 3

1, 3, 5 and 7 4
5
3. This paper consists of TWO sections,Section A and
Section B. Section A carries 54 marks and Section B 6
carries 36 marks. 7

4. Attempt ALL questions in each section. Write your 8

answers in the spaces provided in this Question- 9
Answer Book. Do not write in the margins.
Section A
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5. Supplementary answer sheets will be supplied on
request. Write your Candidate Number and stick a
barcode lable on each sheet, and fasten them with Checker's
Section A Total
string INSIDE this book. Use Only

6. A Periodic Table is printed on Page 17 of this

Section B
Question-Answer Book. Atomic numbers and relative Marks Marks
Question No.
atomic masses of element can be obtained from the
Periodic Table. 10
11
12
13
Section B
Total

Checker's
Section B Total
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Checker No.

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2007-CE-CHEM I-1 1
 SECTION A
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Answer ALL questions. Write your answer in the space provided.

1. A is a compound formed from oxygen and magnesium, while B is a compound formed from oxygen and
fluorine.

(a) Draw the electronic diagram of A, showing electrons in the outermost shells only.
(1 mark)

(b) Draw the electronic diagram of B, showing electrons in the outermost shells only.
(1 mark)

Please do not write in the margin.

(c) Compare the melting points of A and B. Explain your answer.
(2 marks)

2. A student performed an experiment to crack paraffin oil and collect the gaseous products by using a
boiling tube.

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(a) Draw a labelled diagram to show how this experiment can be performed in thePage Total
laboratory.
(3 marks)

(b) (i) The student added a few drops of bromine water into the boiling tube containing the gaseous
products. The brown colcur of bromine water disappeared immediately. Why?

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(ii) The student then dropped more bromine water into the boiling tube until the brown colour of
the bromine water persisted. After about 10 minutes, the brown colour disappeared. Why?
(4 marks)

3. The diagram below shows the set-up used in performing a microscale experiment. A drop of hydrochloric
acid was added to the drop of chlorine bleach in a petri dish and the dish was immediately covered with its
lid. Chlorine gas formed by the reaction between chlorine bleach and hydrochloric acid eventually filled
up the whole set-up.

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 lid Page Total

A drop of C D a drop of acidified

potassium iodide potassium permanganate
solution solution

petri dish a drop of chlorine bleach and hydrochloric acid

(a) Write a chemical equation for the reaction between chlorine bleach and hydrochloric acid.
(1 mark)

(b) State the expected observation at position C and position D. In each case, write a
relevant chemical equation if a reaction occurred.

(i) Position C

Please do not write in the margin.

(ii) Position D
(3
marks)

(c) Suggest one advantage of replacing test tube experimnets with microscale experiments.
(1
mark)

multimeter

4. A student learnt from a book that an ancient chemical cell could be made by immersing an aron rod in a
liquid placed inside a copper can. The liquid used was vineagr but not wine. The diagram below shows the
set-up designed by him in silulating the cell.

iron rod

vineagr
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copper can
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(a) Explain, in terms of structure and property of particles, why the liquid inside the ancient
chemical cell was vinegar but not wine.
(2
marks)

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(b) The student found that the iron rod dissolved gradually, and colourless gas bubbles were given
out on the inner of the copper can.

(i) Write a half equation, involving iron, for the reaction that at the iron rod.

(ii) Write a half equation for the reaction that occurred on the inner wall of the copper
can.
(2 marks)

(c) The student found that colourless gas bubbles were also given out at the surface of the
iron rod that immersed in vinegar. Explain the observation.
(1
mark)

5. A solid sample contains zinc and copper only. The composition of the solid sample was analysed
experimentally as outlined below:

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 2.00 g of the solid sample was added to excess dilute hydrochloric acid in a beaker. Upon completion of
reaction, the mixture inside the beaker was filtered. The residue obtained was first washedPage Total water,
distilled
and then dried. The mass of the dried residue was 1.75 g.

(a) Write a chemical equation for the reaction involved. (1 mark)

(b) How can one know that the reaction has been completed? (1 mark)

(c) Explain why it is necessary to wash the residue obtained. (1 mark)

Please do not write in the margin.

(d) Explain why it is NOT apporpriate to dry the residue with a Bunsen flame after washing.
(1 mark)

(e) Assuming negligible experimental errors, calculate the percentage of zinc by mass in the
solid sample. (2
marks)

6. Read the paragraph below and answer the questions that follow.

Magnesium is a useful metal. Scientists adopt different methods to extract

magnesium from magnesium oxide. In 1828, a scientist obtained magnesium in two

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steps. In the first step, magnesium oxide reacts with chlorine and carbon to form
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magnesium chlorine. In the second step, the magnesium chlorine formed reacts with
potassium to give magnesium. In 1951, some scienists adopted another chemical
process to obtain magnesium from magnesium chlorine. Potassium is not used in
this process, and there is even no need to use any other chemicals.

(a) Write a chemical equation for the reaction that occurred in the first step of the method used by
the scienists in 1828.
(1 mark)

(b) Name the type of reaction between potassium and magnesium chloride. Why can potassium
react with magnesium chloride to give magnesium?
(2 marks)

(c) (i) What would be the chemical process that can obtain magnesium from magnesium chlorine,
without using potassium or other chemicals, in 1951?

Please do not write in the margin.

(ii) What property does magnesium chloride posses so as to make the chemical process possible?
(2 marks)

(d) Suggest one use of magnesium in dairy life. (1 mark)

7. This question involves how to distinguish four unlabelled test tubes, each containing one of the following
colourless liquids:

methanol, concentrated sodium hydroxide solution, distilled water, hexane

(a) By heating a small amount of each of the colourless liquids to dryness, ONE of the liquids can

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 be distinguished. Suggest which liquid can be distinguished, and state the observation
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involved.
(2 marks)

(b) By applying a flame directly to a small amount of each of the colourless liquids, TWO of the
liquids would catch fire.

(i) Suggest which two liquids would catch fire.

(ii) For the two liquids that would catch fire, the observations involved during
combustion are different. Suggest the difference in these observations, and explain
your answer.

Please do not write in the margin.

(iii) Without using other chemicals apart from the above colourless liquids, suggest
another method to distinguish the two liquids that would catch fire. State the
expected observation. (Smelling is not accepted.)
(4 marks)

8. (a) Teflon is a plastic that can be used to make artifical hip joints. Teflon is an addition polymer
of linear structure consisting of carbon and fluorine only. The ratio of the number of carbon
atoms to the number of fluorine atoms in the polymer is 1 : 2.

(i) Draw a portion of the teflon structure with 10 carbon atoms.

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(ii) Write the repeating unit of teflon, and suggest a possible monomer of teflon.

Repeating Unit:

Monomer: (3 marks)

(b) Nylon is a polymer that can used to make carpets. A portion of the nylon structure is shown
below:
H H H H
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
––C––(CH2)4––C––N––(CH2)6––N––C––(CH2)4––C––N––(CH2)6––N––C––(CH2)4––C––

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∥ ∥ ∥ ∥ ∥ ∥
O O O O O O

(i) With reference to the given structure, explain whether nylon is a thermoplastic or a
thermosetting plastic.

(ii) Suggest one reason why recycling of used carpets to recover nylon is difficult.

(iii) State one disadvantage of disposing of nylon carpets by incineration

(3 marks)

For question 9, candidates are required to give answers in paragraph form. For this
question, 6 marks will be awarded for chemical knowledge and 3 marks for effective
communication.

9. A certain brand of rust remover contains an acid of high concentration. The rust remover can be used for
removing tough rust stains; while the rust remover, after dillution, can be used for removing
comparatively light rust stains.

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 Write some instructions, with reasons, on how the rust remover can be used safely at home. Two
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semtences have been given below as an introduction.
(9 marks)
The rust remover should be kept out of reach from children as it contains an acid of
high

concentration. The rust remover should not be swallowed because it is harmful.

Please do not write in the margin.

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Please do not write in the margin.

Marker's A B C
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SECTION B

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 Answer ALL questions. Write your answers in the spaces provided.
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3
10. In an experiment to deternine the concentration of phosphoric acid (H 3PO4), 10.0 cm of the acid was first
diluted to 250.0 cm3 with distilled water. 25.0 cm3 of the diluted solution was then transferred to a conical
flask and titrated with a 0.025 M sodium hydroxide solution using phenolphthalein as indicator. 17.60
cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution was needed to reach the end point.

(a) Describe briefly how 10.0 cm3 of phosphoric acid can be diluted to 250.0 cm3 with distilled
water in the laboratory.
(2 marks)

(b) Phosphoric acid reacts with sodium hydroxide in the titration according to the following
equation:

H3PO4 + 2NaOH Na2HPO4 + 2H2O

Calculate the molarity of the original phosphoric acid before dilution.

(3 marks)

Please do not write in the margin.

(c) ‘At the beginning of titration, the solution in the conical flask turned pink upon the addition of
sodium hydroxide solution but became colourless immediately upon swirling. However, near
the end point, the solution took longer time to become colourless upon swairling.’

Explain why the time needed for the solution to become colourless is different at the two
stages mentioned above.
(2 marks)

(d) In the titration, the 0.025 M sodium hydroxide solution was used as a standard solution.

(i) What does the term ‘standard solution’ mean?

(ii) Comment whether it is appropriate to prepare a standard solution of sodium hydroxide

by the following procedure:

‘Weigh a sample of solid sodium hydroxide, dissolve it in some distilled

water and make up to a known volume of solution.’
(2 marks)

11. In a chemical plant, extraction of copper from ores involves roasting copper(I) sulphide with air inside a
high temperature furnace. Copper(I) sulphide reacts with oxygen in air according to the following
equation:
Cu2S + O2 2Cu + SO2

2007-CE-CHEM I-12 12
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The copper so extracted contains impurities including metals such as silver, iron, zincPage
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gold. The
impure copper is then purified by electrolysis as illustrated in the diagram below:

impure copper anode pure copper anode

copper(II) sulphate solution

andoe sludge

(a) With reference to the reaction between copper(I) sulphide and oxygen, identify the species
undergoing oxidation and the species undergoing reduction. Explain your answers in terms of
changes in oxidation numbers.
(2 marks)

(b) Explain briefly how impure copper can be purified by electrolysis as illustrated in the diagram

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above.
(2 marks)

(c) Insoluble impurities deposit under impure copper anode as ‘anode sludge’. According to the
information given, suggest what substances the anode sludge would contain. Explain your
answer.
(2 marks)

(d) ‘The concentration of copper(II) ions in copper(II) sulphate solution remains UNCHANGED
in the above electrolysis.’ Is this statement correct? Explain your answer.
(2 marks)

(e) State TWO advantages of building a factory in which contact process is carried out near the
chemical plant mentioned adove.
(2 marks)

12. Organic compound Z contains carbon, hydrogen and oxygen only. Analysis of Z gives the following
results:

(I) 1.0 g of Z contains 0.401 g of carbon, 0.068 g of hydrogen and 0.531 g of oxygen.

(II) 1.0 g of Z, upon complete vapourisation, occupies 400 cm3 at room temperature and pressure.

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(III) There are no observable changes when potassium carbonate solution is added to Z.

(IV) Brown colour of bromine remains unchanged when several drops of bromine in organic solvent are
added to Z.

(Molar volume of gas at room temperature and pressure = 24 dm3)

(a) Calculate the empirical formula of Z.

(2 marks)

(b) Deduce the molecular formula of Z.

(2 marks)

Please do not write in the margin.

(c) (i) Suggest a possible structure of Z. Explain your answer.

(ii) Give the systematic name for the compound represented by the structure you suggested
in (i).
(4 marks)

For question 13, candidates are required to give answers in paragraph form. For this
question, 6 marks will be awarded for chemical knowledge and 3 marks for effective
communication.

13. Discuss the similarities and differences between soapy detergents and soapless detergents with reference
to their raw materials, structure and properties.
(9 marks)

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Please do not write in the margin.

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Please do not write in the margin.

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END OF PAPER

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