REGULATION CONSTANTS FOR OVERHEAD LINES

Three Phases 50 Hz per 100 KVA per Km

Phase
to
Phase
Voltage

Size of conductor
in mm

EquiEquiResis
valent valent
tance
alum- spacing
at
inium
in
40 o c in
area in meter Ohms/
Sq.mm
km

Reactance
in
Ohms/
Km

Percentage Regulation
constant for lagging P.F.
0.8

0.9

Unity

415 V

Gnat 7/2.21 mm AAC

16

0.483

1.1566

0.3330

65.33000

68.90000 67.08000

415 V

Ant 7/3.31 mm AAC

30

0.483

0.5879

0.3115

38.16000

38.57000 34.14000

11 KV

Squirel 7/2.11 mm ACSR

20

0.914

1.4750

0.3900

0.11690

0.12370

0.12190

11 KV

Weasel 7/2.59 mm ACSR

30

0.914

0.9770

0.3820

0.08400

0.08710

0.08150

11 KV

Mink 7/3.66 mm ACSR

40

0.914

0.4900

0.3650

0.05049

0.04958

0.04144

22 KV

Weasel 7/2.59 mm ACSR

30

1.066

0.9770

0.3920

0.02120

0.02180

0.02040

22 KV

Mink 7/3.66 mm ACSR

40

1.066

0.4900

0.3800

0.01290

0.01260

0.01020

33 KV

Weasel 7/2.59 mm ACSR

30

1.371

0.9770

0.4085

0.00950

0.00980

0.00910

33 KV

Mink 7/3.66 mm ACSR

40

1.371

0.4900

0.3980

0.00580

0.00570

0.00450

FORMULA FOR % V.R. CALCULATION FOR 11 KV , 22 KV & 33 KV LINES

[ Es - Er ]
% Voltage regulation

x 100
Es

Where,
Es = Sending end voltage
Er = Receiveing end voltage
Er = Es - [ IR Cos + IX Sin ]

S/S
500 KVA
Percentage Voltage regulation at B for
kva km between B & A =
500 x 2
kva km between A & SS = 1000 x 1
Total kva km
= 1000 + 1000

500 KVA
11
=
=
=

KV feeder of Squirrel Conductor,

1000
1000
2000

Constant from table

% Regulation = Total kva km x
100
2000 x 0.1211
=

= 2.422 % ( This should not exceed 6% for L.T. & 12% for H.T.)
100
1

FORMULA FOR CALCULATION FOR LINE LOSSES AS PER REC STANDARD

11 KV Line

33 KV Line

Average Energy Loss in feeder

Average Energy Loss in feeder in KWH

0.105 x L x R x P 2 x L.L.F.

= Peak power Loss x LLF x 8760

=
2 x LDF x (D.F.)

R
= Resistance of Conductor per Km
L
= Length of Line in Km
P
= Total conducted load in KVA
LLF = Loss load factor
LF
= Load factor of system
D.F. = Diversity Factor
L.D.F. = Load distribution factor
L.L.F. = 0.8 x ( L.F.) 2 + 0.2 x (L.F.)

3xI

Peak Power Loss =

1000
Where
R = Resistance of conductor per Km.
I = Max current in the line.

LINE CLEARANCES
The minimum clearances shall be in accordance with Indian Electricity Rules, 1956 and are given in
Table I.
Table - I, Minimum Clearance ( Values in Meters )
Voltage Category
(IE Rules,1956)
Nominal System Voltage Clearance

Low & Medium Voltage

Low

Extra High Voltage

Upto Upto 66 KV 132 KV 220 KV 400 KV

11 KV 33 KV
HVDC

500 KV 800 KV

6.1
5.6
4.6
4.0

6.1
5.8
5.2
-

6.1
6.1
5.5
-

6.1
6.1
6.1
-

7.0
7.0
7.0
-

8.80
8.80
8.80
-

12.50
12.50
12.50
-

12.40
12.40
12.40
-

2.5

3.7

3.7

4.0

4.6

7.30

11.59

10.50

1.129

1.219

2.0

2.3

2.9

5.5
$
3.80

5.6

10.98

9.20

1) Clearance to Ground
(a) Across Street
5.8
(b) Along Street
5.5
(c) Other areas Bore Cond. 4.6
(d) Other areas Insu. cond. 4.0
2) Clearance to Buildings
(a) Vertical (*) - from
higher object
(b) Horizantal (+) - from
nearest point.

High Voltage

3) Clearance Between Line crossing each other.

Voltage of 1 st Line

Voltage of 2
250V to 66KV

250 V to 66 KV
100 KV
132 KV
220 KV
400 KV
+ 500 KV HVDC
800 KV

2.44
2.75
3.05
4.58
5.49
6.86
7.94

100 KV

132 KV

2.75
2.75
3.05
4.58
5.49
6.86
7.94

3.05
3.05
3.05
4.58
5.49
6.86
7.94
2

220 KV
4.58
4.58
4.58
4.58
5.49
6.86
7.94

nd

Line
400 KV
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
5.49
6.86
7.94

500KV
HVDC
6.86
6.86
6.86
6.86
6.86
6.86
7.94

800 KV
7.94
7.94
7.94
7.94
7.94
7.94
7.94