Relative Atomic Mass And Relative Molecular Mass Relative atomic mass of an elemant , Ar = The average mass of an atom

of the element 1 x the mass of an atom of carbon-12 12 Mass of an element = nucleon number of the atom Relative molecular mass of a substance, Mr = The Average mass of a molecule of the substance 1 x the mass of an atom of carbon-12 12 For ionic substance , Relative formula mass , Fr = The sum of Ar of all atoms present in the formula Example : Molecular formula 2 Hydrogen atoms Molecular mass of Ca(NO3) 2 Relative atomic mass : Ca=40, N=14, O=16 How many atoms of Heliun [RAM = 4] Compare to 1/12 atom C12 [ RAM C=12]

Mr of Water, H2O = 2(1) + 1(16 )= 18

Relative atomic mass for Hydrogen Relative atomic mass for Oxygen 1(Ca) + 2(N) + 6(O) 1(40) + 2(14) + 6(16) = 40 + 28 + 96 = 164

1.Calculate the Relative molecular masses of the substances in the table below.
Substance
Hydrogen gas Propane Ethanol Bromine gas Methane Glucose Ammonia
Aluminium sulphate Zinc nitrate Aluminium nitrate Calcium carbonate Calcium hydroxide Hydrated copper(II) sulphate Hydrated sodium carbonate Potassium oxide Copper(II) chloride

Molecular formula
H2 C3H8 C2H5OH Br2 CH4 C6H12O6 NH3
Al2(SO4)3 Zn(NO3)2 Al(NO3)3 CaCO3 Ca(OH)2 CuSO4.5H2O

Relative molecular mass, Mr

2(1) = 2 [Relative atomic mass : H,1; C,12; O,16; Br,80 ; N,14 ]

2(27)+3[32+4(16)]=342

[Relative atomic mass: O,16; C,12; H,1; K,39 ; Cu,64 ; Zn, 65; Cl, 35.5 ; Al, 27; S,32 ; Ca, 40; Na,23; N, 14]

64 + 32 + 4(16) + 5[2(1) + 16]=250

Na2CO3.10H2O K2O CuCl2

2(39) + 16 = 94

Answer :
Substance Hydrogen gas Propane Ethanol Bromine gas Methane Glucose Ammonia Aluminium sulphate Zinc nitrate Aluminium nitrate Calcium carbonate Calcium hydroxide Hydrated copper(II) sulphate Hydrated sodium carbonate Molecular formula H2 C3H8 C2H5OH Br2 CH4 C6H12O6 NH3 Al2(SO4)3 Zn(NO3)2 Al(NO3)3 CaCO3 Ca(OH)2 CuSO4.5H2O Relative molecular mass, Mr

2(1) = 2 3(12) + 8 (1)=44 2(12) + 5(1) +16 + 1=46 2(80)=160 12+4(1)=16 6(12)+12(1)+6(16)=180 14+3(1)=17 2(27)+3[32+4(16)]=342 65+2[14+3(16)]=189 27+3[14+3(16)]=213 40+12+3(16)=100 40+ 2[16+1]=74 64 + 32 + 4(16) + 5[2(1) + 16]=250 2(23)+12+3(16)+10[2(1)+16] =286

Na2CO3.10H2O

Potassium oxide
Copper(II) chloride

K2O
CuCl2

2(39) + 16 = 94
64+2(35.5)=135

A MOLE IS AN AMOUNT OF SUBSTANCE THAT CONTAINS AS MANY PARTICLES AS THE NUMBER OF ATOMS IN EXACTLY 12 g OF CARBON-12

1/2 MOL

MOL

1 MOL 2 MOL HOW MANY ATOMS ARE THERE IN 12 g OF CARBON -12 ?

AVOGADROS CONCEPT IN 0NE MOL OF ANY SUBSTANCES, THERE ARE 6.02 X1023 ATOM S MOLECULES IONS THE AVOGADRO CONSTANT, NA IS DEFINED AS THE NUMBER OF PARTICLES IN ONE MOLE OF ANY SUBSTANCE. 1 MOL = 6.02 X 1023 NUMBER OF ATOM = NUM.OF ATOM X MOL X NA NUMBER OF IONS = NUM.OF ION X MOL X NA 1 MOL NUMBER OF MOLECULE = MOL X NA

IN 1 MOL OF AMONIA GAS, 1 HOW MANY ATOMS OF HYDROGEN ARE THERE? 2 HOW MANY ATOMS OF NITROGEN ARE THERE? 3 HOW MANY MOLECULES Of AMONIA ARE THERE? 4 WHAT IS THE TOTAL NUMBER OF ATOMS ARE THERE?
1 MOL = 6.02 X 1023

H
N H H

N N H H H N H H H H N H HH HH N N N H H H H H H
TOTAL NAUMBER OF ATOMS = 4 X 1X 6.02 X 1023
= 2.408 X 1024

NUMBER OF ATOM H= NUM.OF ATOM H X MOL X NA

= 3 x 1 x 6.02 x 1023 = 1.8 x 1024

NUMBER OF ATOM N= NUM.OF ATOM N X MOL X NA

= 1 x 1 x 6.02 x 1023 = 6.02 x 1023

NUMBER OF MOLECULE NH3 = MOL X NA = 1 x 6.02 x 1023 = 6.02 x 1023

NUMBER OF MOLE = MASS / RAM = MASS / RMM CALCULATE NUMBER OF MOLE 1 2 24 g of Sodium [ RAM Na=23 ] 10 g of calcium carbonate [ RAM Ca, 40 ; C, 12 ; O,16] Answer : 1 Number of mole = 24 / 23 = 1 mol 2 Number of mole = 10 / 100 = 0.1 mol

NUMBER OF MOLE = MV/1000 - FOR SOLUTION Where M = molarity in mol dm-3 V = volume of solution in cm3 Calculate number of mole of 500 cm3 0.5 mol dm-3 of sodium hydroxide solution Number of mole = MV/1000 = 0.5 mol dm-3 x 500 cm3 / 1000 = 0.25 mol

2 Calculate the volume of 0.25 mol of 0.01 mol dm-3 of magnesium nitrate solution mol = MV/1000 V/1000 = mol/M = 0.25 mol / 0.01 mol dm-3 = 25 dm3 V = 25000 cm3

NUMBER OF MOLE

MOL (UNIT)

1/2 MOL 1 MOL

MOL

AVOGADROS CONCEPT IN 0NE MOL OF ANY SUBSTANCES, THERE ARE

6.02 X1023 ATOM S MOLECULES IONS

NUMBER OF ATOM = NUM.OF ATOM X MOL X NA NUMBER OF IONS = NUM.OF ION X MOL X NA 1 MOL NUMBER OF MOLECULE = MOL X NA