1. What could have caused Myelins disease? There is no certain cause of multiple sclerosis. It has been attributed to various viruses, immunological reactions to a virus, bacteria, trauma and heredity, even though is is an autoimmune disease. 2. What structure(s) and function(s) of the nervous system are affected by multiple
sclerosis?
A myelin sheath protects the neuron and acts as an insulator to insure the direction and velocity of the nerve impulse transmission. The degeneration of nervous tissue in multiple sclerosis involves the erosion of the myelin sheath due to chronic inflammation.
3. What can be done to treat this disease?
To date, there is no specific treatment for multiple sclerosis that works effectively for long periods. Physical therapy enables the person to use controllable muscles. Muscle relaxants and steroids reduce spasms. Beta interferon and cold water pools have also been
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Bacteria, as well as viruses, cause meningitis. Enteroviruses account for most of the cases when the virus is identified. In aseptic meningitis, no bacterium is found and it is considered a viral condition. 2. What structures and functions of the nervous system are affected by meningitis? Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the first two meninges that cover the brain and spinal cord: the pia mater and the arachnoid mater. The infecting organisms can reach the meninges from the middle ear, upper respiratory tract, or frontal sinuses. They can also be carried in the blood from the lungs or other infected sites.
3. What can be done to treat this disease?
Macterial meningitis is effectively treated with antibiotics like Rifampin, ciprofloxacin, or ceftriaxone. Preventive measures include viral vaccines like Hib or MPSV4 (meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine) and a conjugate vaccine (MCV4).
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