1.1 Synonyms, Antonyms and One-word substitutes (It was a pleasant summer evening. Mr.

Spooner is walking along the street.) Spooner: Oops! (A fat lady bumps into him. Her name is Mrs. Malaprop.) Malaprop: Oh! I am sorry, I came from this corner and didnt notify you. (Yes, dont be surprised. Mrs. Malaprop is known for her malapropism. [use of inappropriate words] example: notify instead of notice] so be careful with her. Mr. Spooner is another character. He is well-known for his slips of the tongue.) Malaprop: Oh! My books! I dropped them. Spooner: Dont worry madam. I will help you. (Mr. Spooner collects all the books and gives them to her.) Malaprop: I would like to express my that that (She thinks of a word.) Spooner: Thanks? Malaprop: No! Yes! But there is another word Spooner: gratitude? Malaprop: Yes, I would like to express my gratitude sir. Spooner: thanks is enough madam. Malaprop: How? How did you know this word? Spooner: Lots of practice in vocabulary. I am helping my daughter in preparing for her placements. Malaprop: Oh! I see! My son is also preparing for his placements. I would be immensely happy if I am able to help him. Sir, do you know of any strategies to approach vocabulary questions? I might pass it on to my son. Spooner: Yes, I do. Lets discus it over a cup of coffee, shall we? Malaprop: Yes, we shall. How to approach synonym questions? Note: cracking synonyms questions is simple, if you know the word and its meaning. All you need to do is to choose the right synonym. The following steps can be followed if you are not sure of the meaning of the words. Step 1 Analyze all the parts of the word: prefix, root, and suffix. Try to ascertain its meaning. Step 2 Use the word in a sentence and try to arrive at its meaning. Step 3 Eliminate all the incorrect options. Choose the right option from the remaining options How to answer antonym questions?

Answering antonym questions is similar to answering synonym questions. Remember: while answering antonym questions, students tend to forget that they have to pick the word that is opposite in meaning and they choose the word that is similar in meaning. When you answer antonym questions, always remember that you have to choose the word that is opposite in meaning. How to answer one-word substitute questions. Generally, words that denote a particular branch of study, that denote a process, that denote a condition, etc are given in such questions, you should be familiar with such words, before answering these questions. Step 1 Read both the question and the given options Step 2 Analyze each option separately: consider its prefix, root, and suffix. Step 3 Eliminate the wrong options and choose the right option from the remaining options. Spooner: However, a person who is familiar with a large amount of vocabulary can be successful in cracking these questions. Malaprop: Oh I see. Spooner: Madam, I have an appointment and I should go immediately. We will discuss the rest (analogies and anagrams tomorrow, same place and same time. See you tomorrow. Malaprop: thank you sir. I will meet you tomorrow. (After going home, I should say this to my son and ask him to do some exercise.) Synonyms, Antonyms and One-word substitutes Practice Book Exercise 1.1.1 I Choose the right synonyms: 1. commence [A] begin [B] initial [C] proceed [D] climb 2. sober [A] sincere [B] clear-headed [C] serious [D] sane 3. agony [A] tiredness [B] nervousness [C] emotion [D] pain 4. conceal [A] hide [B] plan [C] kill [D] evil 5. trivial [A] suffering [B] unimportant [C] trying [D] efforts II Choose the right antonyms: 6. postpone [A] reverse [B] restart [C] advance [D] delay 7. relish [A] dislike [B] reveal [C] hide [D] divulge

8. massive [A] narrow [B] wide [C] huge [D] tiny 9. vague [A] detailly [B] clear [C] brief [D] empty 10. proud [A] soft [B] respectable [C] humble [D] true Exercise 1.1.2 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. He likes to get a rewarding assignment. 2. [A] profitable [B] attractive [C] undemanding [D] simple 2. The group laughed hilariously, cracking jokes. [A] madly [B] greedily [C] boldly [D] loudly 3. The management looks at giving excuse as if it is a communicable disease. [A] contagious [B] abominable [C] dangerous [D] incurable 4. More than a thousand freedom fighters were massacred during the riots. [A] captured [B] mutated [C] slaughtered [D] rescued 5. Hundreds and hundreds of faithful followers paid their tribute to the king in his last journey. [A] wealth [B] gratitude [C] contribution [D] homage 6. The officers diligently inspected the consignment. [A] shipment [B] luggage [C] baggage [D] parcels 7. It is surprising that such a congregation was possible in front of this temple. [A] accident [B] incident [C] assemblage [D] terrorism 8. The watchmans deposition is crucial in this case. [A] eyewitness [B] felony [C] statement [D] vigilance 9. Their system of segregation was based on class difference. [A] separation [B] integration [C] determination [D] prejudice 10. Her beauty and charisma will readily tantalize any onlooker. [A] cheat [B] bemuse [C] exterminate [D] tease Exercise 1.1.3 Choose the right antonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. We left the place at dawn [A] dusk [B] west [C] morning [D] night 2. He has a horse [A] mare [B] stud [C] steek [D] hump 3. The survivors were left in the open [A] cover [B] close [C] Sun [D] street 4. The cliff protect us from direct attack [A] expose [B] save [C] hinder [D] evade 5. The army advanced with great agility [A] retreated [B] progressed [B] digressed [C] dispersed 6. She is a lazy goose [A] inactive [B] dull [C] goofy [D] active

7. The old man is suffering from severe headache [A] deep [B] coarse [C] mild [D] moderate 8. The otherside of the cliff is a steep slope [A] slow [B] gentle [C] unsteep [D] smooth 9. The killing was committed in defense [A] affiance [B] sanctity [C] protection [D] prevention 10. The young prince ascended the throne [A] climb [B] degenerated [C] declained [D] descended Exercise 1.1.4 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. Only a strong man could endure such horror and agony. [A] bear [B] inflict [C] peruse [D] infer 2. Even the most talented spies could not penetrate the KGB. [A] infiltrate [B] sever [C] protect [D] discover 3. The grandfatherly headmaster scrutinized his little students. [A] reminded [B] scolded [C] inspected [D] praised 4. This case became a labyrinth of unsolved legal issues. [A] culmination [B] reference [C] maze [D] source 5. I was hit by nausea when I looked at the carcass. [A] sickness [B] shock [C] fright [D] breathlessness 6. There is a subtle difference between the two. [A] large [B] slight [C] considerable [D] remarkable 7. The proposal was summarily rejected. [A] instantly [B] totally [C] wholly [D] certainly 8. The gang conspired to murder its leader. [A] plotted [B] decided [C] desired [D] thought 9. The salesman was immensely pleased. [A] definitely [B] greatly [C] completely [D] nearly 10. The music troop has many amateurs. [A] part-timers [B] professionals [C] geniuses [D] big shots Exercise 1.1.5 Choose the right antonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. We were asked to speak loud [A] softly [B] slowly [C] silently [D] aloud 2. He is the most wanted criminal [A] more [B] least [C] less [D] unimportant 3. The train will reach the station in ten minutes [A] arrive [B] divert [C] leave [D] depot 4. Get a pack of crisps from the nearest shop [A] farest [B] long [C] distant [D] farthest

5. The child devoured the whole cake. [A] part [B] partly [C] apart [D] unwhole 6. The judge found him innocent [A] wicked [B] sinful [C] ignorant [D] guilty 7. She was exposed to the sun and the rain [A] provoked [B] shown [C] shielded [D] expanded 8. The aircraft is very tiny [A] small [B] huge [C] tidy [D] unattractive 9. The two boys look similar [A] different [B] alike [C] same [D] departed 10. This is a cheap carpet [A] explosive [B] extensive [C] ecstatic [D] expensive Exercise 1.1.6 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. The rich man is happy to be an extravagant. [A] leader [B] vagabond [C] spendthrift [D] expert 2. The committee demands a coherent explanation. [A] rational [B] vivid [C] elaborate [D] concise 3. The clerk always pays his reverence to the manager. [A] commission [B] loan [C] contribution [D] respect 4. The FBI agent has divulged the secret to the mafia. [A] revealed [B] sold [C] deceived [D] created 5. The child has a fragile body. [A] strong [B] small [C] weak [D] fat 6. The poem inspires every reader. [A] affected [B] motivated [C] captivated [D] repelled 7. The convict regretted his deeds. [A] narrated [B] explained [C] endured [D] repented 8. The medication would cause adverse effects. [A] bad [B] strong [C] severe [D] slight 9. The curtains were stitched out of a coarse material. [A] cheap [B] smooth [C] costly [D] rough 10. The teacher asked us to collect fifty words pertaining to a particular topic. [A] reserving [B] following [C] concerning [D] explaining Exercise 1.1.7 Choose the right antonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. Bose was an extremist [A] moderate [B] middleman [C] coward [D] patriot 2. This fish can be found in shallow water [A] salt [B] deep [C] light [D] dark

3. He was arrested for reckless driving [A] careless [B] illegal [C] careful [D] gleeful 4. Milton is an eternal figure in literature [A] prominent [B] infamous [C] famous [D] mortal 5. The city suffers from scarcity of water [A] abundance [B] purity [C] shortage [D] availability 6. The government has introduced a flexible policy [A] fluent [B] worthless [C] worthy [D] rigid 37. My friend congratulated me on my success [A] defeat [B] victory [C] failure [D] achievement 8. The commander ordered his men to be alert [A] aware [B] relaxed [C] ignorant [D] careless 9. your victory starts when you start retreating [A] advancing [B] improving [C] strengthening [D] backing 10. The box was very light [A] dark [B] bright [C] shadow [D] heavy Exercise 1.1.8 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. The smell of this flower induces sleep. [A] stimulates [B] resists [C] aggravates [D] reduces 2. The implementation of this plan requires a huge capital. [A] design [B] execution [C] prospect [D] declaration 3. The spoon was given as a supplement with the cutlery. [A] inventory [B] substitute [C] accompaniment [D] replacement 4. The teacher has a repulsive attitude towards the boys. [A] favorable [B] repressive [C] amiable [D] disgusting 5. This issue received paramount importance amidst others. [A] supreme [B] incalculable [C] less [D] considerable 6. Admittance into the complex is prohibited. [A] permission [B] consent [C] inspection [D] access 7. He glanced through the classified documents. [A] distinguished [B] divided [C] comparative [D] confidential 8. The play came to an abrupt stop. [A] complete [B] unexpected [C] slow [D] right 9. The workers waved their weary hands. [A] handsome [B] exhausted [C] energetic [D] ugly 10. The young student bubbled with enthusiasm. [A] anger [B] happiness [C] zeal [D] expectation Exercise 1.1.9 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations.

1. The elephant brought down the massive tree in a single pull. [A] ancient [B] beautiful [C] matured [D] gigantic 2. The police made a thorough search for the notorious suspect. [A] cruel [B] dangerous [C] infamous [D] popular 3. The minister carefully manipulated his moves to strengthen his position. [A] devised [B] maneuvered [C] implemented [D] analyzed 4. The mutineers rebelled against the authority. [A] revolted [B] conspired [C] worked [D] descended 5. The strangers intrusion turned out to be a nuisance. [A] introduction [B] rebuke [C] reproach [D] interference 6. The doctor cleared his apprehension patiently. [A] ailment [B] illness [C] problem [D] fear 7. His prediction was accurate. [A] opinion [B] answer [C] calculation [D] forecast 8. The story of this novel was told in fragments. [A] suspense [B] complacence [C] peaces [D] pieces 9. His anger was aggravated by her nonchalant behavior. [A] created [B] subsided [C] modified [D] provoked 10. Even a childs warble is melodious. [A] oriented [B] organized [C] abstemious [D] harmonious Exercise 1.1.10 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. The student began to lament over his failure. [A] grieve [B] think [C] analyze [D] inspect 2. It is time for the writer to capitalize on his popularity. [A] increase [B] exploit [C] recount [D] remark 3. The decline of the mogul empire became inevitable. [A] worse [B] intense [C] unavoidable [D] unprotected 4. Trade and commerce flourished in the east. [A] developed [B] increased [C] declined [D] prospered 5. Tendulkar played a wonderful shot. [A] magnanimous [B] perfect [C] explicit [D] magnificent 6. The chase for the ball is in vain. [A] futile [B] danger [C] progress [D] delay 7. The accident caused a fatal wound in his head. [A] large [B] heavy [C] mortal [D] curable 8. I was indulged in a profound thought. [A] solemn [B] single [C] noble [D] deep 9. The river finally receded leaving the place devastated. [A] overflowed [B] retreated [C] rose [D] arose 10. Humiliation made their heads sink low. [A] sorrow [B [disgrace [C] failure [D] disappointment

Exercise 1.1.11 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. Their success was apparent after their performance. [A] obvious [B] certain [C] doubtful [D] inevitable 2. The workers have shown their dexterity in the work. [A] hard work [B] anger [C] skillfulness [D] knowledge 3. The company is determined to retain all its employees even after such a huge loss. [A] dismiss [B] suspend [C] punish [D] keep 4. The resumption of the class was not liked. [A] start [B] introduction [C] continuation [D] revision 5. We bought a few expensive utensils. [A] machines [B] apparatus [C] dresses [D] bags 6. She made a gorgeous appearance. [A] dazzling [B] sudden [C] unexpected [D] disdainful 7. The mayor is a prominent figure in the city. [A] dominant [B] recognizable [C] respectable [D] popular 8. The principal finally renounced his faith in nonviolence. [A] published [B] abandoned [C] declared [D] expressed 9. School students haggle over cheap books. [A] fight [B] demand [C] bargain [D] discus 10. Indians always talk over their past glory. [A] history [B] deeds [C] achievements [D] splendor Exercise 1.1.12 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. The statue of the king is a colossal monument. [A] impressive [B] massive [C] expensive [D] luxurious 2. The teacher gave a vivid narration. [A] clear [B] detailed [C] brief [D] apt 3. My wife loves to be in solitude. [A] comfort [B] luxury [C] company [D] seclusion 4. The committee condemns the behavior of the president. [A] denounce [B] appreciate [C] commemorate [D] approve 5. The boy denies any involvement. [A] accepts [B] doubts [C] refuses [D] confesses 6. The officer tried to hide his frustration. [A] excitement [B] annoyance [C] suspicion [D] aspiration 7. The two highways converge in this place. [A] meet [B] separate [C] originate [D] break 8. Abolition of corruption has become a mirage. [A] challenge [B] stigma [C] ordeal [D] illusion 9. Blood oozed out of the cut.

[A] spread [B] coagulated [C] seeped [D] peeped 10. I asked you to explain the criterion. [A] problem [B] aspects [C] condition [D] statement Exercise 1.1.13 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. His entire career pivots around the results of this examination. [A] revolves [B] depends [C] shaped [D] determined 2. The lecturer always uses bombastic words. [A] strange [B] difficult [C] pompous [D] big 3. Her persistence finally paid off. [A] perseverance [B] efforts [C] wisdom [D] patience 4. The ball ricocheted and hit his face. [A] swished [B] flew [C] bounced [D] rebounded 5. The door was always kept ajar. [A] open [B] close [C] bolted [D] locked 6. Our man is a vociferous opponent in the parliament. [A] popular [B] influential [C] strong [D] noisy 7. I never hesitate to fight for a legitimate cause. [A] clear [B] strong [C] right [D] important 8. The detectives are investigating the scam... [A] murder [B] swindle [C] robbery [D] drug trade 9. The minister is worried over the fiscal deficit. [A] financial [B] fuel [C] security [D] terrorism 10. The company is desperate to offer a remedy. [A] amount [B] employment [C] promotion [D] relief Exercise 1.1.14 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. It is advisable to hire a condominium during your trip. [A] rent [B] buy [C] purchase [D] reach 2. He is the one who wrote those two voluminous books. [A] valuable [B] large [C] standard [D] worthless 3. The meeting ended in chaos. [A] problems [B] good note [C] confusion [D] enmity 4. The feasibility of this project rests heavily on you. [A] liability [B] responsibility [C] disposability [D] achievability 5. vigorous exercise has shaped his body. [A] forceful [B] regular [C] good [D] valuable 6. This incident will devastate the entire family. [A] elevate [B] fortify [C] popularize [D] demolish 7. The whole group was indifferent to the comments.

[A] different [B] reacted [C] unresponsive [D] unrecognizable 8. The government authorities are restricted from using lethal weapons to control small riots. [A] heavy [B] deadly [C] modern [D] sophisticated 9. The patient is suffering from amnesia. [A] forgetfulness [B] sleeplessness [C] insanity [D] madness 10. We are happy to express our gratitude [A] willingness [B] success [C] wealth [D] thanks Choose the right one-word substitute for the following phrases: 11. a slow change [A] revolution [B] evolution [C] process [D] modernization 12. a travel plan [A] schedule [B] timetable [C] itinerary [D] programme 13. carry out [A] execute [B] discard [C] derive [D] transport 14. a forerunner in a particular field [A] pilot [B] pioneer [C] pathfinder [D] pagan 15. possession from the birth [A] innate [B] infantile [C] genius [D] genuine Exercise 1.1.15 I Choose the right synonyms: 1. comprehensive [A] complete [B] huge [C] honest [D] respectable 2. obvious [A] compulsory [B] reveal [C] clear [D] clever 3. relevant [A] coherent [B] pertinent [C] continuous [D] simple 4. prevail [A] invent [B] condition [C] succeed [D] excite 5. meticulous [A] careful [B] immediate [C] mockery [D] mortal II Choose the right antonyms: 6. Depletion [A] restoration [B] reduction [C] cruel [D] recurrence 7. ambiguous [A] vociferous [B] explicit [C] immaculate [D] standard 8. severe [A] harsh [B] strong [C] soft [D] mild 9. fragmented [A] peaceful [B] wholesome [C] harmonious [D] ceremonious 10. extremists [A] non violence [B] moderates [C] gandhians [D] suppressors III Choose the right one-word substitute: 11. smuggling of liquor [A] trafficking [B] bootlegging [C] hiking [D] burglary 12. expression of meaning indirectly [A] circumvent [B] circumlocution [C] circumnavigate [D] circumcision 13. accidental invention [A] serendipity [B] innovation [C] speculation [D] fortunate 14. to praise one often inappropriately [A] plead [B] mesmerize [C] flatter [D] herald 15. a luxurious car: [A] wagon [B] pleasure car [C] machine [D] limousine Exercise 1.1.16 I Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations: 1. He likes to get a lucrative job. [A] profitable [B] attractive [C] undemanding [D] simple 2. This experience imbued him with confidence. [A] eroded [B] deprived [C] graced [D] filled

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3. The group cracked jokes and laughed hilariously. [A] heavily [B] joyously [C] boldly [D] loudly 4. The patient is suffering from amnesia. [A] forgetfulness [B] sleeplessness [C] insanity [D] madness 5. Using sticks and a blanket, he contrived a primitive tent. [A] plotted [B] engineered [C] fixed [D] planned II Choose the right antonyms for the words given in quotations: 6. The slaves bubbled with animosity. [A] hostility [B] cordiality [C] reverence [D] hatred 7. They were forced to take action under desperate circumstances. [A] calm [B] friendly [C] difficult [D] amicable 8. The suspect denied all charges. [A] refused [B] agreed [C] assured [C] revealed 9. The president of India is a vivacious person. [A] Tranquilant [B] vigorous [C] sarrowful [D] goofy 10. The old man is an agnostic. [A] Atheist [B] sinner [C] believer [D] preacher III Choose the right option that will substitute the phrase given in quotations: 11. The officer carefully read the document before approving it. [A] glanced [B] perused [C] diligent [D] glimpse 12. The stranger broke in on our conversation. [A] interrupted [B] overheard [C] supported [D] opposed 13. We got used to drinking tea without sugar. [A] tolerated [B] faced [C] managed [D] accustomed 14. The old man is a mentally weak person. [A] imbecile [B] illiterate [C] ignorant [D] innocent 15. The queens presence in the exhibition enhanced the value of the goods at display. [A] augmented [B] endeared [C] envied [D] enthroned Exercise 1.1.17 Choose the right synonyms for the capitalized words. 1. The giant gave a CONDESCENDING look. [A] patronizing [B] peculiar [C] terrifying [D] long 2. He follows quick, SUBTLE methods to solve such issues. [A] delicate [B] fast [C] fanciful [D] unexpected 3. I tossed the newspaper aside and lay LISTLESS, gazing the blue sky. [A] curled [B] indolent [C] comfortable [D] motionless 4. This matter is of PARAMOUNT importance. [A] extremely [B] superficial [C] clearly [D] vital 5. For many years, he had adopted a system of docketing all paragraphs CONCERNING men and things. [A] comprising [B] excluding [C] regarding [D] neglecting 6. The comical side of the affair so completely overtopped every other CONSIDERATION.

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[A] thought [B] aspect [C] possibility [D] moderate 7. Every fresh fact seemed to strengthen his CONVICTION of young McCarthy's innocence. [A] speculation [B] possibility [C] confidence [D] gossip 8. He walked up to the sideboard, and tearing a piece from the loaf, he devoured it VORACIOUSLY. [A] awkwardly [B] hungrily [C] quickly [D] completely 9. I am IMMENSELY indebted to you. [A] badly [B] willingly [C] greatly [D] miserably 10. He waved his hands FRANTICALLY. [A] anxiously [B] friendly [C] threateningly [D] dearly 11. Temple was struck by the modest dwelling and FRUGAL table of the first citizen of the richest state in the world. [A] shabby [B] economical [C] ugly [D] salubrious 12. His manners were a little too coarse and BOISTEROUS. [A] unruly [B] agile [C] refined [D] country 13. He is discharged from the labour of uniting two INCONGRUOUS styles. [A] different [B] equal [C] strange [D] harmonious 14. Mr. Courtenay PROCLAIMS that he is one of Dorothy Osborne's devoted servants. [A] declares [B] detests [C] displays [D] denotes 15. The frequent changes of the government PRECEDED the Restoration. [A] succeeded [B] proceeded [C] followed [D] went before 16. Elizabeth had no such PRETEXT. [A] introduction [B] reference [C] excuse [D] ideas 17. They mixed UNCEREMONIOUSLY with other citizens. [A] carefully [B] hesitantly [C] hastily [D] unrestrained 18. Parliament and all its friends were filled with grief and DISMAY. [A] disappointment [B] anxiety [C] contentment [D] sorrow 19. It is SUPERFLUOUS to press the argument. [A] surplus [B] unnecessary [C] correct [D] apt 20. Charles the Second and many of his courtiers had passed a large part of their lives in BANISHMENT. [A] luxury [B] exile [C] fighting [D] leisure 21. Nothing was more natural than that the voters should wish for a triennial RECURRENCE of their bribes and their ale. [A] reappearance [B] supply [C] provision [D] demand 22. The man RUMMAGED through the backseat and pulled out two cameras. [A] watched [B] found [C] searched [D] flogged 23. Give the readers something else to argue and FRET over. [A] worry [B] talk [C] smile [D] fear 24. The doctor came from the back and tried to CONSOLE him. [A] restore [B] comfort [C] advise [D] attack 25. She gave a SUCCINCT description of the thief. [A] brief [B] detailed [C] clear [D] verbose

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Exercise 1.1.18 Choose the right synonyms for the words: 1. Fragrance (a) stench (b) aroma (c) reek (d) flimsy 2. Implication - (a) insinuation (b) intrusion (c) innervation (d) incineration 3. Palpable - (a) ratable (b) blatant (c) pulsating (d) preferable 4. Endurance (a) engagement (b) durable (c) endeavour (d) fortitude 5. The music troop has many 'amateurs'. [A] part-timers [B] professionals [C] geniuses [D] big shots Choose the right antonyms for the words given in quotations. 6. The soldiers were determined to violate the rules [A] promote [B] reform [C] obolish [D] obey 7. The goddess appeared and gave him a boon [A] fortune [B] punishment [C] curse [D] warning 8. It was a proud display [A] happy [B] humble [C] sad [D] shameful 9. The amateurs performance was a real cacophony [A] harmony [B] symphony [C] inferno [D] trash 10. The principal has made a significant contribution [A] true [B] false [C] important [D] trivial Exercise 1.1.19 Choose the right synonyms for the words given. 1. Admonish (a) admire (b) anticipate (c) rebuke (d) reprobate 2. Verity (a) falseness (b) truthfulness (c) abnormality (d) concern 3. Dogmatic (a) doctrinaire (b) cynicism (c) value (d) trust 4. Ergo (a) yet (b) therefore (c) nonetheless (d) concerning 5. Pertinent (a) opposite (b) relevant (c) contagious (d) continuous Choose the right antonyms for the following words. 6. Noble (a) unnoble (b) ignoble (c) ilnoble (d) innoble 7. Volatile - (a) explosive (b) stable (c) strong (d) monotonous 8. Impertinent - (a) respectable (b) ignorable (c) comfortable (d) important 9. Affluence - (a) influence (b) confluence (c) brevity (d) poverty 10. Resilient (a) flexible (b) weak (c) strong (d) rigid Exercise 1.1.20 Choose the right synonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. Pebbles and sand decrease in size by attrition.

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[A] corrosion [B] abrasion [C] infringement [D] deterioration 2. The chairman is good at making convoluted statements of wonderful circularity. [A] simple [B] unique [C] diverse [D] intricate 3. He had to pacify her and wheedle her into a better humor. [A] calm [B] solicit [C] coax [D] implore 4. Numerous factors impede our progress. [A] conjure [B] determine [C] accelerate [D] encumber 5. You are at liberty to defray the expenses. [A] discharge [B] forgo [C] increase [D] reduce 6. Sherlock Holmes staggered back, white with chagrin and surprise. [A] shock [B] fear [C] dizziness [D] mortification 7. I agree. the stranger said with deference. [A] Diligence [B] respect [C] determination [D] despondency 8. Mr. Watson spoke those words serenely. [A] agitatedly [B] rudely [C] placidly [D] deliberately 9. It always saves me from ennui. [A] tedium [B] danger [C] mockery [D] sorrow 10. It might sound strange, but it remains to be an axiom of mine. [A] maxim [B] verbatim [C] habit [D] mannerism Exercise 1.1.21 Choose the right antonyms for the words given in quotations. 1. The management asked him to described the problem succinctly. [A] briefly [B] elaborately [C] clearly [D] vaguely 2. Stuart is taciturn on that subject. [A] reserved [B] talkative [C] reticent [D] noisy 3. His reprimand is always sharp and quick. [A] reproach [B] wit [C] appreciation [D] rebuke 4. It appears obscure when it is read. [A] comprehensible [B] novel [C] indelible [D] dull 5. It was an extraneous comment. [A] exaggerated [B] harsh [C] humble [D] pertinent 6. The alpine sun had burnished their faces and naked forearms to a deep, lucent brown. [A] dark [B] opaque [C] clear [D] deep 7. Reminiscing about the early days of the department is not a pleasant experience. [A] talking [B] forgetting [C] praising [D] blaming 8. He hastily relinquished the siege. [A] utilized [B] dropped [C] seized [D] gave up 9. Fleeing the city, he became a destitute. [A] solvent [B] allegiant [C] felonious [D] delinquent 10. Media is a word that is discountenanced by the Party. [A] ridiculed [B] shambled [C] venerated [D] tolerated Exercise 1.1.22

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I Choose the right synonyms for the capitalized words : 1. His PACIFIC personality helps maintain harmony in the family. [A] Stout [B] tranquil [C] strong [D] attractive 2. Their diverse attitude seems to PRECLUDE an amicable settlement with the management. [A] To quickly negotiate [B] mediate [C] prevent [D] negotiate 3. The payment of bonus was within the PURVIEW of the management. [A] Authority [B] scope of vision [C] Duties [D] power 4. He works for a PALTRY sum in a provision store. [A] Huge [B] heavy [C] worthless [D] sufficient 5. It was nothing but a PONDEROUS lecture. [A] Exaggerated [B] thoughtful [C] unthoughtful [D] dull and laboured II Choose the right antonyms: 6. abasement [A] happiness [B] sublimity [C] exaltation [D] glory 7. Mask [A] hit [B] expose [C] injure [D] deface 8. Endure [A] succumb [B] weaken [C] discontinue [D] continue 9. Adroit [A] insincere [B] foolish [C] clumsy [D] slovenly 10. Aberrant [A] regular [B] dignified [C] intelligent [D] charitable III Choose the right one-word substitutes: 11. Repetition of a sound caused by reflection of sound waves: [A] echo sound [B] echo location [C] wave reflection [D] echo 12. The branch of science concerned with the inter-relationship of organisms and their environment: [A] ecology [B] microbiology [C] ecosystem [D] entomology 13. application of statistical methods to the study of economic data and problems: [A] economics [B] statistics [C] econometrics [D] economic probability 14. Fit to be eaten: [A] eatery [B] edible [C] nutrient [D] eatable 15. Having feminine qualities untypical of a man: [A] feminism [B] trans-sexual [C] effervesce [D] effeminate Exercise 1.1.23 I Choose the right synonyms for the following words: 1. Cowardice [A] bravery [B] timid [C] fearfulness [D] levity 2. Lethargy [A] weariness [B] intoxication [C] discipline [D] courage 3. Commune [A] immune [B] cooperative [C] sacred [D] interact 4. Confer [A] transfer [B] induction [C] award [D] introduce 5. Abdicate [A] abuse [B] abject [C] cultivate [D] renounce II Choose the right antonyms for the following words: 6. Antique [A] innovative [B] invention [C] novel [D] recent 7. Contempt [A] disdain [B] retention [C] confront [D] admiration 8. Massive [A] tiny [B] inconsiderable [C] remarkable [D] sublime 9. Acute - [A] sharp [B] blunt [C] insignificant [D] productive

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10. Vindictive - [A] irritable [B] stable [C] merciful [D] remorseful Exercise 1.1.24 1. Excavate [A] indulge [B] intrigue [C] dig [D] build 2. Mortal [A] live [B] minimize [C] manipulate [D] earthly 3. Aversion [A] tribute [B] conscious [C] allocate [D] dislike 4. Culminate [A] classify [B] treat [C] finish [D] draw 5. Livid [A] lively [B] discolored [C] clear [D] hazy II Choose the right antonyms for the following words: 6. Abhor [A] adore [B] abdicate [C] abet [D] abort 7. Retaliate [A] surrender [B] attack [C] retrieve [D] remark 8. Divulge [A] convulse [B] conceal [C] conspire [D] conduct 9. Motivate [A] promote [B] dishearten [C] impress [D] compress 10. Pilot [A] transfer [B] direct [C] trail [D] regard 11. Nauseate [A] innate [B] embark [C] entice [D] deceive 12. Palpable [A] plain [B] direct [C] collect [D] doubtful 13. Emerge [A] immerse [B] dwell [C] sublime [D] disappear 14. Divert [A] maintain [B] convert [C] assume [D] arrange 15. Spontaneous [A] calculated [B] instant [C] immediate [D] initiate Exercise 1.1.25 I choose the right synonyms for the following words: 1. Impediment [A] obstruction [B] recovery [C] important [D] clear 2. Reverie [A] reference [B] daydream [C] clever [D] monitor 3. Resounding [A] loud [B] impressive [C] echoing [D] breaking 4. Masticate [A] kill [B] chew [C] ponder [D] cover 5. Nullify [A] invalidate [B] assess [C] represent [D] call off 6. Palliate [A] soften [B] remove [C] substitute [D] embark 7. malleable [A] murder [B] destroy [C] impressionable [D] modify 8. Nomenclature [A] classification [B] culmination [C] replenish [D] miserable 9. Flabbergasted - [A] stared [B] stunned [C] strangled [D] stamped 10. Warble [A] lay [B] sing [C] dance [D] laugh (I) Choose the right antonyms for the following: 11. Gigantic [A] huge [B] small [C] dangerous [D] fantastic 12. Allay [A] enlighten [B] frighten [C] destroy [D] aggravate 13. Decrepit [A] plentiful [B] delightful [C] creditable [D] youthful 14. Sage [A] snob [B] egoist [C] fool [D] rogue 15. Occlude [A] trap [B] open [C] add [D] weaken 16. alacrity [A] hesitation [B] uncertainty [C] inability [D] inaptitude 17. Tortuous [A] straight [B] adventurous [C] disturbing [D] waver 18. Desecrate [A] divide [B] consecrate [C] create [D] integrate

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19. Moist [A] crisp [B] hard [C] dry [D] parched 20. Affable [A] discourteous [B] discontent [C] intemperate [D] disagreeable III Choose the right one-word substitute for the following: 21. a line on a map connecting places having the same temperature at a given time [A] latitude [B] meridian [C] isotherm [D] isobar 22. The detailed route plan of a journey or a tour [A] time table [B] itinerary [C] interregnum [D] hamlet 23. words or expression used by a particular group or professionals [A] terminology [B] vocabulary [C] manifesto [D] jargon 24. a person who crosses or walks in the street or road without regard for traffic [A] jaywalker [B] somniloquist [C] somnambulist [D] pedestrian 25. Extreme tiredness and sleep disorder felt after a long flight involving marked differences of local time [A] fatigue [B] jet sleep [C] jetlag [D] noctambulation 26. the study and analysis of soviet or Russian policies [A] socialism [B] Bolshevik [C] communism [D] kremlinology 27. a child who is alone at home after school until a parent returns from work [A] house door kid [B] latchkey child [C] latch child [D] key child 28. A person without professional or specialized knowledge in a particular subject [A] ignoramus [B] unlettered [C] layman [D] laity 29. an agreement by which the owner of a building or land allows another to use it for a specified time, usually in return for payment [A] rent [B] hierpurchase [C] lease [D] hypothecate 30. An expert swimmer employed to rescue bathers from drowning [A] bodyguard [B] anchor [C] navyman [D] lifeguard Exercise 1.1.26 I Choose the right synonyms for the words given in capitals: 1. He was in a REMOTE village. [A] Distant [B] primitive [C] small [D] traditional 2. Ramesh is ready to AVAIL himself of our service. [A] Employ [B] gain [C] discontinue [D] relieve 3. We are INFURIATED by his absence. [A] Disturbed [B] irritated [C] discouraged [D] encouraged 4. He KVETCHES about the discomforts. [A] Feels [B] talks [C] complains [D] writes 5. The minister PROMULGATED his ill views about the president. [A] Spread [B] gave [C] spoke [D] published II Choose the right antonyms for the following words: 6. Malleable [A] harsh [B] hard [C] soft [D] sound 7. Perennial [A] seasonal [B] permanent [C] occasional [D] eternal 8. Calcify [A] solidify [B] strangle [C] release [D] liquefy 9. marinate [A] dry out [B] sock [C] add salt [D] add sugar

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10. bleak [A] reminding [B] inviting [C] enhancing [D] none Exercise 1.1.27 I Choose the right synonyms: 1. bereft [A] disclaim [B] disturb [C] dispossess [D] discharge 2. blandishment [A] scolding [B] flattery [C] punishment [D] abandonment 3. chary [A] jealous [B] cautious [C] courageous [D] weary 4. chauvinist [A] devotee [B] liberalist [C] communist [D] patriot 5. coerce [A] compel [B] rough [C] direction [D] twenty 6. commodious [A] comfortable [B] spacious [C] comical [D] confusing 7. consternation [A] fear [B] dismay [C] anguish [D] surprise 8. contumacius [A] rebellious [B] suspicious [C] torturous [D] complete 9. conundrum [A] equivocal [B] vague [C] ambiguious [D] dilemma 10. abysmal [A] sacred [B] miserable [C] extreme [D] inauspicious II Choose the right one-word substitue: 11. promise to give up [A] abet [B] abjure [C] abrogate [D] abut 12. a partially enclosed place [A] alcove [B] aplomb [C] apropos [D] arboreal 13. ability to use both the left and the right hands equally well [A] ambilimbos [B] ambidextoruos [C] ambivalent [D] asparity 14. a person with good judgment [A] cognoscente [B] connoisseur [C] confuter [D] confluster 15. staying away from what is normal [A] aberration [B] accolate [C] admonitory [D] alacrity Exercise 1.1.28 I Choose the right synonyms: 1. impoverishment [A] poverty [B] scaricity [C] poor [D] have-nots [E] downtrodden 2. trepidation [A] weakness [B] tremor [C] quake [D] apprehension [E] uncertainity 3. procrastinate [A] belated [B] dilatory [C] delay [D] adjourn [E] suspend 4. profundity [A] acute [B] thorough [C] prolongation [D] depth [E] penetrating 5. promulgation [A] proclaim [B] propaganda [C] declare [D] release [E] spread II Choose the right antonyms: 6. tenebrous [A] bright [B] attractive [C] luminous [D] fresh [E] ardent 7. impulsive [A] calculative [B] cautious [C] measured [D] anticipatory [E] prescience 8. superfluous [A] elementary [B] rudimentary [C] basic [D] primary [E] initiatory 9. Frailty [A] strong [B] heavy [C] weakness [D] robustness [E] instable 10. enervate [A] energise [B] encourage [C] support [D] appritiate [E] strengthen Exercise 1.1.29 I Choose the right synonym for the words given in capitals:

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1. theatres were the INEVITABLE mechanism for the production and dissemination of thought and philosophy of the Movement. [A] unavoidable [B] important [C] necessary [D] requisite 2. she brushes him aside with a VEHEMENT tirade about the mortgaging of the house. [A] strong [B] serious [C] severe [D] forceful 3. he is dead too, broken neck, STRANGLED with a nylon rope. [A] choked [B] squeezed [C] squashed [D] crushed 4. people have RESOLUTELY refused to eat any flesh. [A] strongly [B] determinedly [C] seriously [D] deliberately 5. The member of the chamber is not in a SLUMBER. [A] sleep [B] nap [C] doze [D] snore 6. He frantically RUMMAGED through the rubble but it turned out to be futile. [A] ran [B] searched [C] scuffled [D] plunged 7. My powers flag; I become TORPID. [A] numb [B] senseless [C] sluggish [D] indifferent 8. Everything was drained of color and frozen into a TENEBROUS monotony. [A] lazy [B] boring [C] painful [D] dark 9. He was invited to preach a sermon which with much TREPIDATION he did. [A] hesitation [B] professionalism [C] tremor [D] adroitness 10. He is a great scholar, but his speech became PROLIX. [A] verbose [B] long [C] boring [D] braging II Choose the right antonyms for the words given in capitals: 11. his NONCHALANT behavior irritates the committee. [A] casual [B] concerned [C] worried [D] dispassionate 12. The court has ordered the defence council to produce TANGIBLE evidence. [A] insubstantial [B] sufficient [C] indelible [D] indisputable 13. We are expecting you to have ACTIVE participation. [A] torrid [B] tranquil [C] torpid [D] tmesis 14. She considers Michael Jackson to be RAUCOUS. [A] gentle [B] fast [C] slow [D] rough 15. Some parts of eastern Africa will experience INCLEMENT weather for the next fourtyeight hours due to the presence of the hurricane. [A] soft [B] gentle [C] pleasant [D] dry III Choose the right one-word substitute for the given phrases from the given list: [A] chichi [B] melee [C] antediluvian [D] slugabed [E] comestible 16. suitable for eating 17. one who sleeps during late hours 18. extremely old 19. a hand to hand fight 20. affectedly trendy

Exercise 1.1.30

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I Choose the right synonyms: 1. emolument [A] profit [B] loss [C] benefits [D] recovery 2. deprecate [A] depriciate [B] declain [C] disapprove [D] dejected 3. umbrage [A] supervision [B] shelter [C] sacrifice [D] sharp 4. incipient [A] forerunner [B] participant [C] partner [D] beginner 5. dapple [A] blotch [B] spark [C] strips [D] checks 6. pugnacious [A] aggressive [B] quarrelsome [C] enthusiastic [D] endurer 7. capitulate [A] captivate [B] surrender [C] cover [D] head 8. capacious [A] temporary [B] spasy [C] large [D] unpredictable 9. glower [A] anger [B] stare [C] condemn [D] shine 10. canorous [A] gentle [B] soft [C] melodious [D] meloncholic 11. effulgence [A] aversion [B] splendid [C] effect [D] influence 12. assuage [A] soften [B] smoothen [C] shine [D] decorate 13. repast [A] recover [B] entertinement [C] refreshments [D] recede 14. objurgate [A] disapprove [B] refuse [C] reconsider [D] reproach 15. plethora [A] superabundance [B] vast [C] comprehensive [D] elaborate 16. lissom [A] gullable [B] flexible [C] fragile [D] temporal 17. propitious [A] fanciful [B] favourable [C] ficticious [D] familiar 18. cogent [A] conviction [B] convention [C] strong [D] compel 19. regale [A] assume [B] amaze [C] entertine [D] amused 20. Verdant [A] fresh [B] dry [C] cheap [D] lively Exercise 1.1.31 I Choose the right synonyms: 1. Aplomb [A] confidant [B] secret [C] self-confidence [D] multiplicity 2. approbation [A] approval [B] apprehension [C] temparory [D] conceivable 3. enthusiasm [A] bacilli [B] ardor [C] ornate [D] cerement 4. scold [A] calve [B] berate [C] renounce [D] prodigal 5. puzzle [A] coax [B] belittle [C] bewilder [A] annoy 6. caustic [A] sarcastic [B] simple [C] hard [D] sagastic 7. chastisement - [A] rebuke [B] punishment [C] apprisiation [D] advise 8. collusion [A] secret [B] concealment [C] agreement [D] warning 9. condone [A] forget [B] forgive [C] sarrow [D] solicit 10. limit [A] compile [B] compose [C] constrain [D] compel II Choose the right antonyms: 11. love [A] adore [B] abhor [C] abet [D] clement 12. Criticize [A] accolade [B] chide [C] coax [D] bliss 13. modesty [A] reveal [B] assume [C] conceit [D] compunction 14. conflict [A] confer [B] concur [C] converge [D] conflux 15. sensitive [A] crass [B] covert [C] cowardice [D] conjoin Exercise 1.1.32

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I Choose the right synonyms: 1. Lackadaisical [A] apathetic [B] lethargic [C] lassitude [D] monotonous 2. Skulk [A] deprive [B] hide [C] hinder [D] avoid 3. Ostracize [A] expel [B] exile [C] indict [D] mitigate 4. Beholden [A] overlook [B] obliged [C] permeate [D] reproach 5. Precocious [A] agenesis [B] prematured [C] amelioration [D] anamorphosis 6. Legerdemain [A] trickery [B] bungle [C] muddle [D] obscurity 7. Contumely [A] inurbanity [B] driddle [C] discreet [D] civility 8 nefarious [A] munificent [B] diffident [C] wicked [D] gaudy 9. ramifications - [A] consequences [B] solutions [C] aspects [D] dimensions [E] details 10. repudiated - [A] discarded [B] dispelled [C] reverted [D] declined [E] denied II Choose the right antonyms: 11. Flout [A] ponder [B] perfidy [C] reverence [D] baffle 12. Circumlocution [A] succinct [B] verbiage [C] circumvent [D] pompous 13. Potable [A] indomitable [B] undrinkable [C] indigestible [D] uneatable 14. Pusillanimous [A] courageous [B] contemptuous [C] impecunious [D] impoverished 15. Clandestine [A] proclivity [B] propensity [C] specious [D] transparent

Synonyms & Antonyms Answer Key Exercise 1.1.1 1 A 2 B 3 D 4 A 5 B 6 C 7 A 8 D 9 B 10 C Exercise 1.1.2 1 A 2 A 3 A 4 C 5 D 6 A 7 C 8 C 9 A 10 A Exercise 1.1.3 1 A 2 A 3 A 4 A 5 A 6 D 7 C 8 B 9 C 10 D Exercise 1.1.4 1 A 2 A 3 C 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 A 8 A 9 B 10 A Exercise 1.1.5 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 A 6 D 7 C 8 B 9 A 10 D Exercise 1.1.6 1 C 2 A 3 D 4 A 5 C 6 B 7 D 8 A 9 D 10 C

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Exercise 1.1.7 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A 6. D 7. C 8. B 9. A 10. D Exercise 1.1.8 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 A 6 D 7 D 8 B 9 B 10 C Exercise 1.1.9 1 D 2 C 3 B 4 A 5 D 6 D 7 D 8 D 9 D 10 D Exercise 1.1.10 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 D 6 A 7 C 8 D 9 B 10 B Exercise 1.1.11 1 A 2 C 3 D 4 C 5 B 6 A 7 D 8 B 9 C 10 D Exercise 1.1.12 1 B 2 A 3 D 4 A 5 C 6 B 7 A 8 D 9 C 10 C Exercise 1.1.13 1 A 2 C 3 A 4 D 5 A 6 D 7 C 8 B 9 A 10 D Exercise 1.1.14 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 A 6 D 7 C 8 B 9 A 10 D 11 B 12 C 13 A 14 B 15 A Exercise 1.1.15 1 A 2 C 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 A 7 B 8 D 9 B 10 B 11 B 12 B 13 A 14 C 15 D Exercise 1.1.16 1 A 2 D 3 B 4 A 5 C 6 B 7 A 8 B 9 A 10 C 11 B 12 A 13 D 14 A 15 B Exercise 1.1.17 1. A 2. A 3. B 4. D 5. C 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. C 10. A 11. B 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. D 16. C 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. B 21. A 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. A Exercise 1.1.18
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1 B 2 A 3 B 4 D 5 A 6 D 7 C 8 B 9 A 10 D Exercise 1.1.19 1 C 2 B 3 A 4 B 5 B 6 B 7 B 8 A 9 D 10 D Exercise 1.1.20 1 B 2 D 3 C 4 D 5 B 6 D 7 B 8 C 9 A 10 A Exercise 1.1.21 1 B 2 B 3 C 4 A 5 D 6 B 7 B 8 C 9 A 10 D Exercise 1.1.22 1 A 2 C 3 C 4 B 5 D 6 B 7 B 8 A 9 C 10 A 11 C 12 D 13 C 14 B 15 B Exercise 1.1.23 1 C 2 A 3 B 4 C 5 D 6 C 7 D 8 A 9 B 10 C Exercise 1.1.24 1 C 2 D 3 D 4 C 5 B 6 A 7 A 8 B 9 B 10 C 11 C 12 D 13 D 14 A 15 A Exercise 1.1.25 1 A 2 B 3 A 4 B 5 A 6 A 7 C 8 A 9 B 10 B 11 B 12 D 13 D 14 C 15 D 16 A 17 A 18 B 19 C 20 D 21 C 22 B 23 D 24 A 25 C 26 D 27 B 28 C 29 C 30 D Exercise 1.1.26 1 A 2 B 3 B 4 C 5 A 6 B 7 C 8 D 9 A 10 B Exercise 1.1.27 1 C 2 B 3 B 4 D 5 A 6 B 7 B 8 A 9 D 10 C 11 B 12 A 13 B 14 B 15 A Exercise 1.1.28 1 A 2 B 3 C 4 D 5 E 6 A 7 B 8 C 9 D 10 E Exercise 1.1.29
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1 A 2 D 3 A 4 B 5 B 6 B 7 C 8 D 9 C 10 A 11 B 12 A 13 C 14 A 15 C 16 E 17 D 18 C 19 B 20 A Exercise 1.1.30 1 A 2 C 3 B 4 D 5 A 6 A 7 B 8 B 9 B 10 C 11 B 12 A 13 C 14 A 15 A 16 B 17 B 18 A 19 C 20 A Exercise 1.1.31 1 C 2 A 3 B 4 B 5 C 6 A 7 B 8 C 9 B 10 C 11 B 12 A 13 C 14 B 15 A Exercise 1.1.32 1 A 2 B 3 A 4 B 5 B 6 A 7 A 8 C 9 A 10 A 11 C 12 A 13 B 14 A 15 D

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