SA node
Sumber impuls normal/ alamiah , 60 100 x/m
AV node
Bisa mengeluarkan impuls 40-50x/menit
Ventrikel
Bisa mengeluarkan impuls 30 x/m
Atrial Depolarization
Ventricle Depolarization
0.12 second
QR
Q/QS
RsR
rSr
5 kotak kecil = 1 kotak sedang = 0.2 detik 1 kotak kecil = 0.04 detik
MENGHITUNG LAJU JANTUNG : A. Jarak R R : -1 kotak sedang -2 kotak sedang -3 kotak sedang -4 kotak sedang -5kotak sedang -6 kotak sedang = 300 x / menit = 150 x / menit = 100 x / menit = 75 x / menit = 60 x / menit = 50 x / menit
B. Hitung jumlah R- R dalam 6 kotak besar = 6 detik Jumlah R x 10 = heart rate / menit
C. 1500 / jarak R-R ( dlm mm ) = heart rate / menit
Cause of cardiac arrhythmias : Disturbances in automaticity : bertambah cepat atau bertambah lambatnya suatu daerah otomatisiti. Misal di sinus node, AV node, abnormal beats/depolarisasi dari atrium, AV junction, ventrikel, VT, dll. Disturbances in conduction : konduksi terlalu cepat (WPW) atau terlalu lambat (blok AV). Combinations of altered automaticity and conduction.
P wave ?
PSVT :
-due to re-entry mechanism -narrow QRS complex -regular -retrograde atrial depolarisation -P wave ?
PSVT
Atrial Fibrillation :
-from multiple area of re-entry within atria -or from multiple ectopic foci -irregular, narrow QRS complex -very rapid atrial electrical activity (400-700 x/min). -no uniform atrial depolarisation
Atrial Flutter :
-The result of a re-entry circuit within the atria -irregular / regular QRS rate -Narrow QRS complex -Rapid P waves (300x/min), sawtooth
Junctional rhythm:
-AV junction can function as a pace maker (40-60 x/min). -due to the failure of sinus node to initiate timed impulse or conduction problem. -normal-looking QRS. -retrograde P wave. -P wave may precede, coincide with, or follow the QRS
SR
VES
VES
VES
SR
SR
SR
SR
SR
SR
Prolonged PR interval
Missing QRS
Missing QRS
Missing QRS
QRS
QRS
QRS
SELESAI