594 Holy Quran Telugu

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The Meaning of Holy Qur'an-Telugu)
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^$_O Q @Hx PKiOK"~ Zx\H î ` ~. "\ XH\,
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^=QOÔ (Y~P<). ~O_ < =K<, O^ (n).
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==H ==^ (O)
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WqH iO ~@O, O^ =
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=#"oH "Q@
Y~< WO=` =}H QOÔ . k=Y~< ==^ =H ^~

"=_# Q=O`x "} Jx WO=` qO. Yb J||H~
HO ==^ =H =K<h QO^=~. Y~< =`
QO^" H^, <QOÔ _. WO^ r=#û, PK~==~
# H = |n H i OK~ . E^x, =^x x+k O K~ . t ` #
x~OK~. x @ =iO` ^` =iOK=#x K~.
Y~< |~`x J#=uOK_" HO_ =iOK_O "#H
P<\ PiH =lH i}= q+ }
H#|_Òk. P<\ J~` Q

~x OK_xH WO uOz# "#O WO^ QiOK=K.
` ^$+` Y~<# q+OK_OQx, XHJOK< ~=_O Qx
H+". Y~<# Q J~O KH"O> ^Q, iQ K^"e.
Meanin of Holy Quran
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J| W~<
WqH i~ O@~
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Y~< JOîH JO^@x HO HO`=Ok ~~

Y~< ^## =HHiOz# O@# Ki` Z< H#|_`~.
O KOx =~= O` _ a J#"^ K~|_ #O`
OQ, "QOQ Y~< K~H=_O = K#+" [iyOk. Of
+ Y~< J#"^ "=_H=_O "#H HO`=Ok ~~
POH, J#=~ _ XH H~}=< Ke. D `
QOQ =z# Of J#"^ =YOQ `Q QÒ =z#
J#"^ _ =QOQ H=_O, QOkHO LO__O= Z=~
JO`Q \OKH^.
W<H `Q O^~e, JOîH J~= qÔQ
J#=kOK_O JÒù H#|~z# J|W~< Ja#O^h_.
Y~< J#"Ô Z^~ W|O^#, H+`# q=iOz# =O^
=@ ^~ J#"^H~ x*~fx, x|^`# QiOKQO. D Hx
J~aH e`, ^x J#"Ô` @ Wz# î H
q+ x O
Q q=i~. D H$+ q*#^H"#k.
H.. JH =~ ('"~ k#uH22.5.2005)
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Name of the Title:
Translation of the Text
Translation of the Text
meaning with foot notes :
Checking of Text Translation
with Original Text:
Qur'an Bhavamrutham (Telugu)

(Meaning of the Holy Qur'an)
Abul Irfan
(1) Moulana Mohammed Omeri
Abu Abdullah, Hyderabad
M.A., M.Phil
(2) S.M. Quadri, HeadMaster

(Kalloor (Kammam Dt.)
(3) Hafiz, Moulvi S.M.Rasool
Jamiatul Qur'an, Hyderabad
Checking of Arabic Text
with Original Script:
Qaari Muhammed Aarifuddin

Quraishi, Hyderabad
Editing and Proof reading:

(Telugu)
(1) Abdul Wahed

(Sub-Editor, Geeturai Weekly)
Opinion On Over all Translation: (1) S.M. Mallick, Editor

Geeturai Weekly, Hyderabad
(2) Moulana Qalid Saifullah
Rahmani, Hyderabad
All rights reserved with:
Islamic Resource Centre
First Edition-
January, 2004
(1000 Copies):
Second Edition- (1000 Copies):
August, 2004
Third Edition- (1000 Copies):
April, 2005
Fourth Edition- (2000 Copies):
March, 2006
Published by:
Islamic Resource Centre

Lakkadkot, Chatta Bazar,
Hyderabad-2, Ph: 66710795
Type set by:
Alifain, Geeturai Graphics

Lakkadkot, Chatta Bazar,
Hyderabad-500002
Printed at:
Price:
Cosmic Printers, Lakkad kot,

Chatta Bazar, Hyderabad-2
Rs. 250/-
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(q+ zH)
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q+zH
w@~~ "~uH O^x JaO
(Opinion of S.M. Mallick, Editor Geeturai weekly)
=QOÔ q` Y~P<x K^=_O, J~O KH=_O, ^x P^

J#Q}OQ PKiOK_O , =#=rq` ~= ~O HQey` D O KO JO`
H< Q QO =~H\ H*^. nxH `_Q `\ =#= ^~
^x J~O KHQeQ "i +H ^x J#"Ô K_O Z#x
=QO J#_O Z@=O\ OÔ ^. q` J| W~< J@
=O\ =`~=~# }H~xH #_OH\~, Ja#O^h.
W\H Y~P< LÔ^xH ~O_ =_ `Q J#"^ =~\
L<~. J~` H=O }H` =`" HH Q=~#,
JOîH ^H = ~# ~ = ~# `Q+ Y~P<x *=<xH
JO^* Ja+` q` J| W~< iH` J#"Ô `#^~#
e K `Q[ JO^*x `@_O hO.
J| W~< Q~ `Q == z~iz` ~K~`. ZO`
HO w@~~ "~uH, =uH` =__ L# J#=O P#k.
=~ J#"Ô ^h J#iOKO_ P# OQ K# Y~P< J#
"^x ijeOz JO^x QQe ZuKQ *#O < H~
#\H q` J| W~<` <# xÒ ^$ P# H$+ U_
H@ PO^ =## O^Q^# #=HO <Ok.
^=O < q`x =# ^` HiOz `y# ux kOK
x q#= $Ô` "_O@<#.
(O) =eH
(Z. Z". =eH)
`k: 241203
Opinions of Famous Scholars:

(1) Moulana Qalid Saifullah Rahmani, Chairman, Al-Mahadul Ali
Al-Islami, Hyderabad (A.P.) ...........See page 767
(2) Moulana Muhammad Al-Omeri Abu Abdullah, President, Darul
Imam Ibne Hajr, Hyderabad (A.P.) ........See page 768
<O.
q+ O
1.
2.
3.
=O^=@
L^Ò
JÔ (~)
10
13
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
~OO (u)
Q= (|Y~)
W=< @O|O (Pe W=<)
(x)
=_O z# qi (=~^)
= (J<P")
tY~ (P~)
=~ ` (J<)
Ò (`)
# (#)
^ (^)
()
"Q~# (~^)
WO (WO)
* " (*)
`<\
Q (#)
W~ Où (|h W~)
=aO (H )
=~O (=~O)
` (`)
^= =H
(JOa)
* ` (*)
q ("qh<)

7
286
200
176
120
165
206
75
129
109
123
111
43
52
99
128
111
110
98
135
112
78
118
21
23
87
123
163
190
216
250
264
290
307
324
340
348
357
364
381
397
412
421
433
446
458
Y~P< "=$Ò
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
(q+ zH)
*u (#~)
w@~~ ( ~<)
H= (+J~)
p= (#=)
Q^
(Y)
~Q (J#|`)
~" " (~")
M< (M<)
OQ }=O (*)
xH ^ (J )
*u ()
$+H ~ (u~)
< (<)
O
fi#"~ (`)
^ (^)
|$O^ (A=~)
q ("q<)
g" (g")
OkO (+~)
|OQ~ #Q (AY)
Q (^M<)
|_#"_ (* )
WHHO_ < (JM)
==Ô (==^)
q[O (` )
x" Q$ (A~`)
M (M)
64
77
227
93
88
69
60
34
30
73
54
45
83
182
88
75
85
54
53
89
59
37
35
38
29
18
45
7
470
486
494
507
519
531
540
548
553
557
573
581
587
594
602
609
620
630
639
647
655
659
663
670
675
682
688
(q+ zH)
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
71.
72.
73.
74.
75.
76.
77.
Qe^=~O (*i)
`~ ~ Ò (`~)
#H Ò (#*)
KO^_ (Y=~)
H~ }=_ (~ <)
O @# ("d)
W#= (n^)
"k# (=*^)
Ô_ ` (+)
sH` = (== <)
xH OH ()
="O (A=P)
H@
q (=<Y
<)
[[ (`Q|<)
q_ (`M)
x+Ô (Ò)
q~=Ò (=)
HO (YO)
~= ^~O (M)
P~}< (=Pi*)
# =H (#)
`= (l<)
^\ xkOK"_ (=[q)
^\ _ #"_ (=^ ~)
O (d=)
=O (^ ~)
(~`)=< (=~`)
Y~P< "=$Ò
60
49
62
55
78
96
29
22
24
13
14
11
11
18
12
12
30
52
52
44
28
28
20
56
40
31
50
693
698
701
706
710
715
720
728
733
741
745
751
754
757
760
764
767
770
773
776
778
781
783
785
789
790
793
Y~P< "=$Ò
(q+ zH)
78. OK<`H "~ (#)

79. îQ"~ (<lP`)
80. $ \ =_K_ (J|)
81. KK @ (`H ~)
82. c@ (Wx`~)
83. =O (=`<)
84. YO_# (WxMM)
85. PH|~A (|~*)
86. ` #H Ò (ìM)
87. =#`_ (P)
88. =OKH# = (Q+ )
89. `HO ( *)
90. @}
O (|^)
91. ~_ (+" )
92. ~u (
)
93. Q\
"~ (A)
94. =#Ou (J"#+ )
95. JOE~O (f<)
96. Q_H \
# ~HO (JM)
97. #` (Y^)
98. q+ =}O (|~#)
99. HOO (l*)
100. `~OQO (Pk`)
101. =^=O (MiP)
102. OzH ""O (`H~)
103. HKHO (J)
104. xOkOK"_ (=*)
105. U#Q (
)
40
46
42
29
19
36
25
22
17
19
26
30
20
15
21
11
8
8
19
5
8
8
11
11
8
3
8
5
9
795
797
800
802
803
804
807
809
811
812
813
814
818
820
821
822
822
823
824
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
10
(q+ zH)
106. Y~+

(Y~+ )
4
107. ^~} qxQ == (=T<) 7
108. ~=~O (H~)
3
109. Jq (H~ <)
6
110. O (#)
3
111. Jy* ()
5
112. UH~` O (WM)
4
113. J~}^ O (
M)
5
114. =#"o (<)
6
4. (1) OH =K~O1
(2) OH =K~O2
5. (1) q+ îx1
(2) q+ îx2
6. (1) OH (Abbreviations)
(2) q~= z (~=*)
(3) n ^~ }O Y~P<
Y~P< "=$Ò
836
837
838
839
840
840
841
842
844
847
851
882
898
020
846
881
Y~P< "=$Ò
11
=~^=@
H< H`~ =OH =k `~ "^x F q+xH <_ PK#
He~z, ~H |qz JHOO~ Wz# OOxH H> H$`[`
=i~K H~@, D iH` JHO O ~ Qi~z OH =~^ O~_ =_
=@ L~K`<#.
=#o =O^ O #~ H~ J=ì~z# J~u= ^= Q~^~ - k=YOP<x
[H iK~ K~^H J<H=~k J<H q^ @_O. ^x qq^
+ qq^ H} Ô ^H ~ K _xH H$+ [iy~k. J` J#^
q+xH XH + #~_ =OH +H J#^~ K_=~> HOO
` ` H_# ==O~. =+x ^* x, *f# O~_= +H
=O_~ J#H#~` èH# x H^. =+x =*x, ^x i>x
iQ fH O~> XHi Hx ^# `Q~ K= L~@~k.
=iHx ^` q+ x qnHi~K = =~ k. J~^ =`Q~^#,
` H~z k= YOP<x HO } Q, H~H "H ~^~ x =#
`Q +H J#= k~K_=~> Hu g^ = K_".
=`Q~^# J#=k~K_= ~> [~Q Z=iH<
". k=YOP<x
`` LO
J#=k~z#O =+H O }
H `y# K fH=_xH Z~`
_O. W~> q` HO~ ^=xH _=~^. Hx J
J#=k~K | _ # + Ô [ YO P x , ^x H x JO ~
KH=_xH K _= =~k. W~> J#^~ Ô}~Q
[#=<x J~`Q PH@H *^. `è`~Q ^=} îH, L#`
q^=~` =`" iq`= L~@~k. J L~_~k H_.
J` H#Q}~Q J#"^ H H_ Qu k~K. LO

=# [H `~ JO= su J#"^ Ki~K|_. WH
`Q J#"^ q+ xH Wq~H = ^
< L<x K =K. J~u=
^="}x @^@ `Q + J#=k~z# =Q~ XH ~^=
ÔxH a~z~k. _HO zHi <O}O= QO ''HO# +s O`
D =HOx 1925 k~KO. P Ò` J^~_H ==^
M M< QO zH ii J#"^ ~ ^+ + ~ Q =~^ x ,
~^#~Q =~^x 14-7-1930 <> P~^ (k#)uH XH q=O#
"~ O, ^x =_> #=~Ò= Qiz# `~` 1941
''YOP<+s i@ =OH J#"^~ KO. J` P# `qk J^
(Ò =OH) =`" J#=k~KO. Q~kH + =# D O~_
J#"^ ` ~ =O> a~K_~ ^ .
P Ò` =b J|QO QO 1948 ''YOP< =r^ O ~H
"M#~` H_# XH J#"^~ O~_ ~> "=i~KO. Wk H_
12
(=O^ =@)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Q~kH +< =~k. HH` O~_ J#^` e` D J#"^~ H

"OQ# kQ, =Q" # kQ L~^#_~ ~^ ~ ^ . P Ò "` `Q WqH
aH+<, ^~^ "i Ò# +M g^ +s QO D ^=Q~^x
"=iH + J#=k~K_xH #H<O. D J#^~ 1995 O
=O>H =z~k. Wk =< J|P =^k Qi LO J#^~
PÔ~Q J#=k~K|_# "@ "^> "=iH Q~^~.
D q^~ Q =# `Q + H_ k= YOP<x qa# H} #~_
^H~ K_xH H$+ [iy~k. J` LO+ [iy# H$+` e`
`Q + [iy# H$+ <==`". JnQH JOc+ =# D qt+
Q~Ô*xH WÒ + Z~` = K< `H". Zx H} #~_
J#=k~z< =iHx H} qye`< =~>. <# w@O uH
=K# 20 ~_ H~ D "" < Q=x~K#. nx Qi~z < q``
H_ ÒKQ Ki L~_"_. Hx `= =O~ H#OH =#~Q
=~_= =z~k.
J` H<H P q` [#=<x ^$+ @Hx =O
J#"^xH NHO~ K@=x ## O~KO. <h =@ qx #OK#
_ #. U q^~ Q K< JO`x D J_ J~`> ~ K Q_
Jx ## <# Z< O t~KH<#. =O H ^= =H (~ ) =K<
H_ ## < ^`# QOK H=O OKQ. W H~` H~ <
<# `=`=, z=iH ZQ ^=x g^ O~" x "^>#. P
= ^ = =_~_ D q` HO~ =y~k.
<# =# *hHx ^$+
@Hx =*~ ^|u#H~_ g# ~`
=OH `@`Q K#^~ K#. K#"^=x K|`#>H W~^
# OHH JH_H_ Hx Jiz`"# ^, "H Hx. Hx
K#"^~ <# W~`H~ > ZH= ~KH #. D J#"^~
<# "xH J`kH ^#O WK#. J~^= nx "#"^=x K _"
ZH= =~[~Q =~@~k. D HO}~Q< <# g K` =# D k=
Q~^xH ''Y~P< "=$`~ Jx O >#.
D J#"^xH OH < xO`
. =O~ Q#, O~ Q# U<
O@ [iy=~> =e =^} =i~K_xH gQ D J_ ^$+H fH
O=~kQ OH = H q#~Q =#q K H~@<#. D x
<H qq^ O HO J~^*# `H, a+H
x~_ =#` H$`[`
KC H~@<#.
J| WO<
(J#^H _)
Ô ^, 22-8-2003
Y~P< "=$Ò
13
Q~^ OK#H `__# WÒ H

I (1) YOP< =r^ (LO) ................. =< ` ==^ *~^s
(2) YOP< =r^ (LO) ................ =< J+ Je ^#q
(3) `= YOP< (LO) ........ =< J| P =^k
(4) YOP< +s (LO) ................... =< J| MÔ
(5) YOP< =r^ (LO) ................. =< On<
(6) ^=` YOP< (LO) ............. =< + O^
(7) P< Ò= YOP< ........... =< ==^ OM M<
(8) `^|O YOP< (LO) ......... =< Jg< J< W
(9) YOP<Hs~ (J#^~) ............... =< ==^ E<Q_
(n K~})...(M#~) .............. =< n<
(10) YOP<Hs~...(J#^~) ............. =< =^ <
(n KO})...(M#~) .............. =< +cO J^ Lx
(11) J= YOP< (LO)............ (HO): *^ =eH
(J#^~) ......................................... ` ==^ *~^s
(12) L= YOP< .............. =< [ ==^ `v Lh
(13) Y~P< =r^ H `~ (L~).... (~K#) =< ^n< W
II (14) k gx~Q Pk YOP< (W~w+)....==^ =O_H H
(15) k b YOP< (W~w+) ................... =< J| Je
(16) k gx~Q P k YOP< (W~w+)....~.Z.H. O<
III (17) YOP< +s (`Q) .................... ==^ M~ M<
(18) YOP< =r^ (`Q) .................. =b ==^ J| QO
(19) k= Y~P< (`Q) .......................+M g^ +s
14
Y~P< "=$Ò
L^`~
''<# J~> Z=O? < sO=? < sO~x P`? < =H` =?
< H =O? < JaO K? < sO=` P sOx <# WÒ H
#~_ Z~^H H_HH `<#? < P` J` P P`# ^ ~

#~_ |>H _H~_ Z~^H xOk~KH `<#? < =HÒ
J` P =H` xH q `~ HQH ~_ Z~^H OH~ KHH `<#?
< H =O` Jq xsO~ HH~_ >H OH}
Z~^H He~KH
`<#? < JaOK` >x <<~^H iQ <OOHH
`<#? J#~`H> r=O, Q , #H `` x~_# D q
q~ < #~ Uq>? <<H _~z =K#? uiy ZH_H "e? JH_
< iu Uq>? ## H~> K i"> H~> U^~< =~^ D
~K~?
W t~KH~@ ` Z_`Qx D H J` PHO}~Q
q#H q#H =~@ F J+"# =^#~ a~k =#H. J^
''^=_. D xd [Qux, J~^x = ==e ^=_ $+~K_?
=` $+Oe P< H~> K<_? =# H+MH P<
=HOH _? =# r=#O} P# Jn#~< =<? JC_C _
~q # HO =H@H, #`#, H~ #H P# J^$
" =~^? P# =# "Oe PH~KQ
_? >H u~k~KQ
_?
=O =#H =OÔ
D x>H =# |n, J~Ò` [~Q< ''B# Jx
=^# q. J~`H^, P qHOH, =#H =^ U^ Jq<#
~|~^~ H_ L~_ =~@~^x =# J~Ò~ Q~ + ~ k. J~` P
~ |~^ ~ Uq> ? ^x =#H ` e O = O ? hu=~` ,
x*fO , uH, ^KO ~## =h, =O

=`" D ~|~^~ Qi~z =#oH è * QOx, è *Ox
=`Ki` =#H è*~k. P =he, =Oe Qi~z, i
^=$`x Pk~K QeQ"O ^# !
P =O
`=`= H `=H q = ~# J=$`
Hx J~u` J=> # =#= $^
H zeH~z "iH
^fOO. J~> =Ox J~u= =i =h ==^
(P# ~f =i~KQH). P J=$` Hx J~u= J=$`
Y~P< "=$Ò
(L^Ò )
15
~_" k=YOP<. ==^ =hx (~) J=ì~z# D

^="} J*<~^HO~ `K_`~_# J~MH"# =#=H *#
H~u k~z i rq` =~Q ~i~z~k <>H ~i~k.
WH=~^
~ =OH ~i~KQ
UHH HOn H H_ W^. J~^=
J`~`HH O " # D Q~^~ Qi~z H^ Q `H=# P=H`
<_ Z~`< =~k.
Q` Q~^
D Q~^~ Qi~z `H< =~^ nxH O~ J=ì~z#
^= Q~^ =>q> J< H~î L^~ k. nxH k=YOP<
=^# q~k. D Q~^~ J~^*# =KO~ HO~ ^^ u
Q~, u ^~ , u *u =#=H OA=O~ K_xH, rq`
`# k~K_xH xO O , x++# =O
q ~KO.
"ix ^= =H
, ^= ~^ O J~>O. "i kq #~_ ^= Q~^
J=ì~K. [|O, Ò`, W~r =QO D H=H K~k#". (Wq ` ~
a Q O~Ò~ K~k=<.) YOP< q~K|_x =`Q~^
H_ ~OHO ^=H Q~^ J=~_=K. H^x xO~^~Q
Y~_~K_xH PO" n Hx~K^ .
J` O~ ^= Q~^~ J=ì~z# H~`H~ =OH > ^#
OH` ~ Q =~_q. P Ò ` O O , Ôa= # >x =OH,
KO H QiK J~^ ^= H" ^, =#= "^[x`" ^ PO~ HH~_
KO. uiy ^=_ =#=e J~^H O~ #~_ f Q@ #_~ K
_xH =O k=Q~^x J=ì~ *"_. W Q`Q~^~ =OH,
KO H QO [ OA=O~ ` #C_ ^=_ =O Q~^~
J=ì~* , J<k #~_ <> =OH H WO <Q " =~k =H
Ô Z< Q~^# J=ì~* _. z=iiQ ==^ =H (~ )

Ô k=YOP<x J=ìO* _.
D Q~^x> O~~ XH>. W=h XH q+x k~K,
$+H O , q, O O_, =, +H _, O "HH _, P^~^= _,
P^"
H_, Pk=^~Ò `_ J# ^=_ =`" PO^# H
JO_. P# ` =O PO^_ _ = r=#O~Q P#
P[ tO=~Ke P# ^=`~, Q}Q}, H=O
WÒ e Q=Q K H_^ . D ~ K~ F } =le, sH
"kH, `èH ~. =O}#~Ò~ u =x+ `# HO # Qi~z ^=x
<#~ H K = =~@~k. HO qKO} Ò ` O~ ^
16
(L^Ò )
Y~P< "=$Ò
#OH~ O~ J`xH ` u
~ a ~ k.
Wg P Q~^x =eH ^# . D ^# ` H_# Ô < ''W~
J~>O. J~> `@è ^= =H (Pk=#=_) J# [` P^~ (J )
#~_ z@z=i ^= =H [` ==^ (~ ) =OH ^= =H
~` W~
Ô < =#=H k =KO#=@
Hx D ^# D<_ XH YOP< ` =OWÒ =`Q~^
+~Q, ~O~Q H#O=. D Q~^ UH Ô^#` @ u`~,
|^ O^# H_ K@ K H<. O= q`_, JÔ} H
~#_# ^=xH =#= |#` Pk~K|_, PO^< =~
^H, ^#=~kOH iq`~ K |_~k. =#`~, ~ H
<H `@ _. #s=~ #O# Q =i~k. =O}#~Ò
[|^s =# =@ =" ~k. ^=H q+ =#=
He`` H+`" .
HOpH> H~uOY
D HO}~Q< HO}=_# ^=_ D HeQ~ H@H_>
=O^ i xQ k=YOP<x J=ì~* _. nx =#oH J~^* # =i
==^ (~ ) z@z=i ^= =H. # U ~ Px ^=_
`# =HQ xq~K_. ^xH O~ Jqhu, Jj~, =^=#~,
=aKO~, J<~, ^Q, "~, ^_, Ô< ` x~_# P<> JO|
=[~ P =h_ OH O` ~, HOpH>
H~uOY
Z~` q` rq`~ Q_ O. O^g` @ = ==O
P# J=# hfx*f# î~z JO|[ ''Jg<
(x*fO _)Q, ''kM (` ~^ _)Q k K~Ô.
J~^=< =h ==^ (O) ^=_ `## ^==HQ
xq~z `# ^QiH k=~Ô O`<_x H>~z#C_ P#
Q`K
i ` Ziy#i =~zx q~K"~O` [~Q< P# =@e
#=O. P#H KO `= rq`# ~i~KH<O. P
=hx J_Q*_ #_K H~@ "O =` JOa# ~K K~ k. z=iH XH P^=H ~ q# PO }
î ~z
O~_ K`` |~QOx ZQO, XH ^=x ~ ` =O=i ~
H~_ X~@iQ < #~_ *=`H }~ KQe~^~> Jk
YOP< =`".
Y~P< "=$Ò
(L^Ò )
17
^="}, =#=qOz`=?
W~`H k=YOP< H` ^= } H ^q HO} Ô LxH
H =z# =#= qOz`=? ^= } J` Jk <_ =#^H OH` ~ Q
Ki~^ H U"< =OH, KO H #~^? D J#=< x=$u
J, YOP< H` ^= "H Jx, Jk `# J O~ OH` ~ Q
=#H Ki~^x ^$=_#C_ =#H ^x g^ #=H~ HÔ`~k.
<|^~Q Pz~z<, Ki`H ^$+` gH~z< YOP< q+~
a~K@~`> Q> =}H` , Ki`H PÔ =O =`Q~^~ q+ ~
=#H a~K=. YOP< q+ ~< H^, ==^ =H (~ ) rq`
q# Qi~z H_ >+ # Ki`H PÔ =<. P# rq`
q# `H~Q K, P# J=$` =K<# Pk~z#
J#KO rq` q# Qi~z, P J#KO e ` H~ Q HHx i
Ô =H rq`q# Hi~z# =H
*H H , Q}Q}# Qi~z
H_ Q> PÔ L<.
YOP< ^= } , =#=He`= J< q+ ~ =KH ^= =H
(~) rq`H~x O~_ ~@#e Qi~z =#qH_ =~^Q
`H~^~.
u Q~# ^= =H
` ~ `z#C_ "ix J_H =_xH
` qO^ H_ ` O O. J~u= ^= =H ==^ (~ )#
H_ xOk~K_xH P<_ JOa `qO^ ÒO.
=<H K~k# Q "^q, =Y Hq, ^`Q <H_ `
^
*` H~ =H @~ =<_x Fi D `qO^H
è~k. "~@< O @~ " ` ^x HHx,
==^ =hx (~)H, k=YOP<H =uOH~Q J`xH Q
#i O. ==^ (O) K ==@ q~> =x+ =O
+ _ = `_x Ô Q >O .
"i Ô^ q# ^ x[" H J#Hx ==^ =H (~ )
" H, ^ H^H }
K P "} `# K=H
HH~_ L~_~^ K= ^k @H<_. J` ZQ YOP<
H"H> J`x Kq _< _~ k. Hx J~^ =H<H K
#@ K_g ^ . J~^= J`# O~_ H}
Py P }x H *Q`Q
PH~K_. ^~` J`x $^~ gk J O H=~Q `y
. J`# #OK# _ _.
18
(L^Ò )
Y~P< "=$Ò
`# "^q, Hq. `#H =~zK_, ``# qKH}K

*#~, L#`~Q Pz~K "^ =<. J~@C_ P# =@
Z~^H q#H_^ ? =~z =@~` O, =~zq HH` ` K=K.
D PK#` ` ^ ^==H(~) YOP< O}~ =y~z
"oH P# "#H #_z P# W~>H KO H<_. JH_ `##
`# iK ~ K Hx `<z# L^ x è_. ^= =H (~ ) J`_
Pî~z YOP<x Hx H qx~KO. J~`, J`x =#H~
H=~`=~k. =#O ` Ô ~ Hi~z ~`+~Q "o_.
=OH "^q (L`) |Ô^H uxkQ `Ôx
xOk~K_xH ^= =H (~ ) ^Qi H o, J# <@ YOP< "} qx, Wk
H=K Hq`"} H^x, =~uH eH =~`
H H_ H^x
Wk `x~`H O~ Z#_ ZOQx J^` } Jx Q ~K_. D q+ <
J`# =H <H` J<_.
JQ W~ Qi~z x*x* `H=_xH Jax #~_
=z# F H = ~_`= O~ =H <@ D"} q#~`< Ji` #<`
`x Hi~z~k. #*< #~_ =z# =OH H = =O~ Ô~ =~^H
=z#>H H =~ ~zH [< =^HH `x Hi~K^ .
J` `= =`Q~^~ J~u= ^==H Qi~z# q+` H@#
Kkq =#~^# ==^ (~ ) ^= =H # x, Q ~z~k. ''=# L

J` ^=O "# ^=_ <#~ K QH Jx =#~ =# Oe
fHx =}~K^~ ~~_ Jx =h ==^ (~ ) ez#_
D HO}~Q< "O =}~ K _xH "#H~[ "O.
YOP< K~*!
k=YOP<x ex, q+fO# Q=x, Wk `H~_
^= }#x =# J~Ò` J `~Q + ~ k. J~^= YOP<x
He, > ex ije~z ~`~Q Pz~K=x ^=_ =#=e
HO`<_.
''"O YOP< Qi~z Pz~KO? Wk J =^# ~_ QH =O=i
=^ #~_ =z =~> W~^ Z~` ="O ^ ~ L~_k H^! (4:82)
^=cu, OH z~`# =$u Qix Hê~K_xH W~>
H< L< D Q~^~. ~K*O# Qi~z, J~Ò`
^# # <H># "ix Qi~z =`~ =#~ Ug J#=. J~>"i
=~^ Zx =} =z< Kq>_ =~^ ~Y~ Tk#> J=`~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(L^Ò )
19
HH` D Q~^~ ^= "} H^ Jx J#=#~ _" iH ~Q

YOP< W XH qO `~k:
''XH" = ^x J=ì~* # DQ~^~ @ gH^< J#=#~
=~>, W~^ L#@=~> F J^~ Oz~z fH O~_. Dx H~
XH ^=_ =ê g H~^s KH~_. gO ` =~`` D
x K K~_. gs x K H `----Z~`=`~ K O ---=#+,
} W~^# ~ HQ #OHyH
_~ _. ` uOO H~ Jk
^ O K
| _ =~k. (223)
D # D<>=OH Z=O ZÔH O. ^= =H ()
H~ QQ H=, OK
` D # ZÔH K` ` O.
XHi H=O~ H~ ''HO J^~x "^> Hx F KO O
O HQ_H "_ n_~ [iy~k. ^x i~K_xH K=~k
H= u~KO. Hx XH~ H=O~ K H O. P Ò `
P J^~ iQ J=ì~z~k. ^x K P H= Q` `
k~KHx, Wk =#=OK# Z~`=`~ H^x Q ~KO.
H..727 [iy# =O ~@# Q=x~K~_. [e Jq`~Q
q`~ K# YOP<x K H~Ô `=uOH W~>^ =O
Q~^~ ~zOKx F ^H ~ "O. DxH O P H~ Q ~_` _Q
k K
~ k# W| =M J< =Hx ~k~KO. J`# F ~=Ò~<
`h x i K#x "iH gxz OK< HOxH LHq~K_. PO
= Ò ` "O x Z~` =OH =z~^#x K_>xH J`x ^QO H
"O. P =~ J`# Ku H~, Hy` @Hx nOK#
=xy L<_. J`x =~^ O z~K# Hy` Q@ Q@Q
_= <. Hx P =OK
` YOP<x e# XH "H~ H_ OH
_. J`# `# J=O`H Q_` F@q J~wHi~z P
OK< ^ ` #~_ `C H<_. (Mohammad, His life and Doctrine P.143,
by Wollaston)
r=+ <>H OH`~

YOP< H "`~ XHi J=ì~K^. ~Ô#O~ 23
~=Ò J=ì~K. ^==H ==^ (~) `# YOP<
H
J=ì~z#C_ XH YH_ e~z J`xK ">x J>H C _
O~K"O. O# Ò` YH_ ^x P#H qx~K_.
YH_ iQ O_x xOi~KH# Ò ` P# P He XHK@
î KO.
20
(L^Ò )
Y~P< "=$Ò
JnQH W~ O~H ~ #~K #=* YOP< H

` H~_
i~ K# P^~ =~_@~= ^= =H ` H J#KO YOP< He
g# ~` ZH=Q H~O ~ K H<"O. WH K^= _~, O_~ =z# J<H
=~k c (=H `H J#KO) YOP<x qq^ Q#
~Q OHx ^KH<O. W ^= =H (O ) H~< YOP<
Ô K
| _~k.
P =hx xO}~ `~` P# "^> uxk (Yb) [`
J||HO nM (Ol) qq^ ~` =# * (YOP< O)#~^s
O[^xH O ~z, "`~ "`` e Hi~z, =}|^" # XH ~O
YOP< ux Q~^~ O~ O~KO. P Ò ` =_= Yb [`
L< (Ol) <H~ ^x ` f~z JkHiH~Q =~
[Q`
x =` HH ~`H ~OK~. "> O~_ ``
D<_ H_ ^`^ u =<. H"~> Z=O< YOP< =k`
u<H ^x fHo P "` ` ` e KH=K. J~^ "iH
XH H, XH H~, XH ^~ H^H^ z=iH XH JHO~ H_ `_
H#_^ .
Q` à z=i [Ohx =xK x=i>H K~k# XH ~
=~ [Q`
x qq^ ~` #~_ r XH>à #~_ 14= à
=OH qq^ H O|_# 42" `, =k` è Hi~z~k.
"> U@ nO i^# [i, z=iH D ` JK`C
` Z~> `_ ^x `# xkH H>
~ z~k. D ~ O~_= ~ K
^ =~ ~|^_H QO <#" #>H nx i^<
e ` =`~ <>H ~ K~ #~_ Kiy ^ .
` YOP< J=ì~z# JOc+ WOM #~_ "OH =OH ^^
H@=~k [H D<>H =`$+Q L~k. JOc+ "HO}
~,
^x ^H ~, LKO}
, #_HO 1400 ~=Ò #~_ <>H JQ
=<. P<> JO| D Q~^x Kkq Z JO~ K H<O D<_
H_ JOc+ Ziy#"O nx Kkq JQ JO~ K HQQÒ.
D q^~ Q k=YOP< ^x =+, ^x J ^` Z~>
=OH, KOH QiHH~_ D<>H #O`~ OH`~Q L~k.
^=_ ~Q nx OH}
^ ` fH=_~ = nxH Wx q^Q ^`
O@ [iQ. (15:9, 75:16-19 H
K_~_.) D HO}~Q< YOP<
Z~> H , xH H < Q O ~^ x q=i~K _ xH Z=O
~KH `<O.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(L^Ò )
21
e-~H#~
YOP<x H
, J^ Jq J=ì~z# H=~ HH~_
F `H H=~ "> HO [iy~k. ~Q ^==H (~) ^=x
P^~ ` Dq^~ Q ~H#~ K~KO. ^= ~^~ J=ì~z# us
P# YH_ e~z ^x U J^~ (O), U H Ò`
~ÔK J`xH q=i~KO. JQ UJ^~ UJ^xH =~^
H Ò ` L~_ H_ YH_H K O~K"O. W YOP< HO
P# rq`H~< O
~k. P H=~< <>H [ YOP< He
H~O ~ K H=_~, ">x #=A i~ K_~ [OQ` =~k.
YOP< e J^`=~k. nx < e Jx xi+~Q
O#=. YOP<x LO=_, "_, "_ Jkf# q. J~^=
H~Ô Hq^ Wk H" # Q^ =x, Q^ O~ =# ^
=x Ja_O . W~^ ^xH L~_=# H}
H xu Un H
< =Qi`" # ^ ~^, Hq` $+
x #_HO =~ ~,
^~HO}
=`~ =<. JQ =OH Q^xH =~_=# =
Q~cO ~, ==Q`, q+ #j#~, "H @`~ =#H H@=z
#@ Hx. J< YOP< e Q~Ô K
# =~_^ . Wk iQ ~ Q
Ô} Q`~k. F xO~Ò ~Q~! J#O~Q Q =K<=$` Ô!
k"q+$u-J=Ò} fO
^= ^`~ (Prophethood) O~xH O~ =h ==^ ()
ÒKQ =H@~ "# O QH "o JH_ ^=z~`#
x=Q L~_O. FOA L#@~_ Q P# =~^ O`Q
XH =H `H= ''K^= J<_. =h ==^ (~)
H~QO_` ''<H K^= O^, <# K^=Ox"_ J<O. P =H
Px Q>Q Jkq =ê, K^= J<_. P# =m `#H K^=#
O^<O. W =_O [iy~k. Ò ` P =H J^$" _.
P=H Q`~ =H
~îH ^= ~^~ J~^* # ^= ^` lc (J ).
D ~ @#` ==^ ()
_ W~>H =z "O.
~
^# `y# `~` P# `# O Yn* (Ol)H q+ ~ è*O.
P" P#H Ô ~K `# |~^ = =OM a<<
^QO H KHO.
=OM H = , ^ =`Q~^# H=_# Q ~_` _. P#
[iy# =$`~`~ qx, P =H `H~_ Q`~ = =H (J)H
^= ~^~ J~^*
_xH =~ _# ^= ^` lc #x è*_.
22
(L^Ò )
Y~P< "=$Ò
W O~=~k ^=~^=Ò} (kq+$u). P Ò`

^=^` lc (J) XHi =#"HO~, =OHi `# x[
O~ =z ==^ =hx (O )H Ò KQ ^= ~^~ J~^
* ~ _O. D k=~^~ $+H O #~_ ^= ^` lc Ô ==^
=H (~) $^ H~ J=ì~k. JC_ P# XH q^#
qz`# uH #O.
XHi P# X~> g^ }~ K ~ > ^= ~^~ J=ì~z~k.
D k"q+$u (Revelation) HQ* # Ox X~> i ~KH J}y`
JuH+~ Q x^HH Qey~k. XHi k"q+$u Q}Q} =~@ Q~@
"` qx J=ì~ k. Jk ^= =H (~ )H J`~` ^H~O Q
LO@~k. P Ò ` ^= H H
P# $u^~ xez`.
^==H f=} [` P (Ol) H^#~ HO~ Fi ^=~^~
J=ì# =~ P" P# iu Q=x~KO. JC_ Jiq`
"# Ke L~_~k. J#>H P# Q~ =K=@ .
Wu=$`~
D Q~^~ =x+x ^#~k# rq` ==O #~_ ^ UH~`
HOH fHo ùH z~`## #i `` G~ H^. Wk ^=xH,
^xH =^ =~_=# "q H ~|~^x ^ # Wu=$`~ Q fHx,
^xH |~ KHO~^H H=# WÒ J~# Lq+Q
O~@~k. J~^= W~^ rq` =H ~|~k~z# =
q+ =#H Hx.
Wk =lH G~ HH<, W~^ ` =[# H J=O" #
~ H <~, `~$`, H@~aH, " H q+ L<.
Wk h` =e~K huG~ HH< W~^ =#=e hu=~`Q,
^= cuO Q fik^_ xH H=# L#` Wk rq`xH ~|~k~z# H
O~Q ^=x
`=e =#= =~^ >, > q+~ =O}#~Ò~ ^=x
=~^ ^` =~K= =~@~^x J_Q_Q< J`_ Ki~K,
Y~P< "=$Ò
(L^Ò )
23
L^t ~K F qt+ Q~Ô [~.

H#H D P ~ <O" O ~>, qî `# O Q~^x i # @ D
Q~^x x`~ i L~_e. D HO}~Q< nxH ''YOP< Jx
Oz~k. J~> OQ~^~, O#H~, O} Q~^~ J#=@. D
=~ nx O}"^=x H_ K=K. ~^=` Q~^x Hx
q +` H@
#e ije, "> q~K|_# O}
"^~ YOP< J
L~_=K# J#=#~ H_ HQ`~k.
U"# >H YOP< =` =#o H~ J=ì~z# J~u= ^=
Q~^~ . Wk ~ K =#=~î L=_`. nx U XH *uH, =OxH
Q`k`~ ^. Qe, hO, OOt "^# H$u =#Oe =#=_
Z qxy~KHx [#~ ~^`<_ YOP< = H_ JQ
[#~ ~^=K. Wk WH~ =#= =OÔ#~ H~,
OH~ "i =H "H H~ OO_ ~# UHH `}.
W~^ `<+H H PHH O # J<H q+ L<. J~^=
`x q~z, "Hx HOH< u XHO Hh~ XH~< ~`~Q
Pz~z nx J^ #~ K =# J=O~ Z~`~< =~k.
J| WO<
(J#^H _)
~H (Abbreviations)
~ (
J =~ ) P# ~fQ =i~KQH.
J
(J ~) P#H ~u HQQH.
Ol (Ol
J#) P# @ ^=_ # _=QH.
O (O ` J
) Px ^=_ HO }~KQH.
#.. (#|g H~ ) ^=
=H (~ ) =n<H =H =~^ =H
Q_ # ^= _~_ H~
.. (r H~ )^=
=H (~ ) =H #~_ =n<H = ([`
K) =z#> #~_ O~= ~ H#Q`# H~.
24
Y~P< "=$Ò
J=Ò}
: =H
1.O~~(u)
H: 7
D J^x ''u (O~~) J~>O. J~> k=YOP<H Wk

O~ J^~ Jx JO~. Wk =h ==^ (~) ^==HQ
xq~K|_# O~ H~ J=ì~z~k. D J^~ H_ `#
=# u~z `#H OA=O~ K=x "_H~>_. ^xH =^#~
Q ^=_, h= HO`# OA=O~ W^#~@ "`~ YOP<x Hx
=~^ L~K`_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# J O` O~~ .

= HH q, = J# J H H
q^ ~
a. P# HO}=_, H$QO_. OH qKO} k<xH
Jku H_ P<. (1-3)
^! "1= x< POk < =. h " Ji < =. =H OA
=O~ K. h PQ xH QO î` #i =O~ HH~_, h J#Q
xH `~#i =O" =H K~K. (4-7)

1. =` =#ox $+~ z, +~z, e~K ^=_ =`" =#=H ~ #
OA=O~ (rq` q^#~) KQ
`_. J~^= P# =`" PO^# H JO_.
qye# O~` $+` , ^, e` =`" . JQ =#= O O~
HO J~^* H~@#>H J ~ K_ ^=_ =`" .
H#H =#= `= J=O H~ Px =`" Ji~Ke.
UH O =~ u =#=x <[ ~< " x L~k. J` PKO}
< J<H
=~k D `xH H@|_ L~_H `<O. XH ^=_ POk < =x K|`<
Hx K+
Ô |^ #H _`<O. nxH~`>H HO}~ kq+$u
(Revelation)x ~k# ^=
=H
# Qi~KH =_~ Qi~z< i ^# # =i
" _~, _O f_~ P =OH, _OH ''`H # H K
`= ^# x[=x xO~K_xH =$^ _ @
~ [OQ`~k.
^= J<H= ~k L<Ox qOz#C_ ''H ^" q q^= ? (U
^=xH = q x==#?) J< L^~~ k. D O KxH, WH_ Y
^M ==H HO}~ ''UH|" Jx xOi~KH#C_ ''P| H}

Uq? J< =O L^q ~ k. P | H}
h Hey=# =Q ^ ''J .
'J{W J< O~_^ H XH ^=_, The God J< =O i~K
'J J< ^~ UO_~k. D ^" P ^ UH |H <=KH" ~k.
''W J~> P^ =~ P^H<_,
~^# Hey#C_ ~u
q` k~K_, H# H_ì MxK_, O}Qi#iH P
qK_, HiH# fO_ Jx <<O L<. JOc+ D ^
PkH ` =~ (Supremacy) H_ Wq_ L~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(L^Ò )
25
PkH` L# K>H J=OO QqH_@~ [~. H#H PkH` Hey

L#"_ JO
H PO^ _ `_. D q^~ Q 'W J< ^~ Ji~K^y #
_, POk~K^y #_, P qK_, P^
"H_ J< JO L<.
|^ O^ =~ Hey# O~` D JO< JÔ} H L~^x qOz# u
$+`x (Creature) l~K_~ O~a~KO. z=iH UHO ^=x
KC H<O `~ UHQ` H=<, ^ ^=xH uO< q~z $+ [H
J@_O .
J` W~ UH O^xH ~|~k~z qxH, PKO}
H =^ L# D
O ^x Y~_~z~k. P 'W (PO^ _) XH_#x, P# ` "~ P~^ _
[h_ _x , P< 'J Jx #=_~` @ PKO}
s` H_ P XH_<
POk~Kx, P< "_ Hx, rq`~x u ==O~# P# P[#
=`" tO=~Kx K|`~k.
==H ==^ (~ ) XH n ^=x =@ W èO:
''< Ô! <# =O~ K#_ ` g u XH_ =Oq #_.
J~^= <O~ K=x ## "_ H~_, <# gH <O=~|# |k k#.
< Ô! <# Lk k~z#_ ` g u XH_ H `k` _. H#H
Lk k~K=x ## "O@H~_, <# gH Lkx#. < Ô! <#
= k~z#_ ` g uXH_ =Gq#_. H=# = k~K
=x ## Ji~K~_, <# gH = k#. < Ô! g u XH_
O~|= K # _. <# g h Hq #. H#H gO H= }
H~ ## i~K~_, <# g Hq #. (=O )
^" ~^# #=* ZO` =Y"# P~^# . x[^" x QiOz# `~ "` ^x
H `H ~Ox "@"
^\ JOO #=* =`" . ^=_ `# =H
_
D q+ < kOK_. P# = =H (J )x Ok W P^tOK_:
''<< ^=_, <# ` =~ P~^ _ _ . H#H h= #< P~kOK. ##
iOK_xH #=* O K. (Y~P<2:14)
^= =H ==^ (O ) _ #=* =Mx q=i W J<~:
''qH, JqH =^ "iî x "~ K ^ #=*. (=O )
Y~P< "=$Ò
J=Ò}
: =n<
26
2. Q= (|Y~)
H: 286
D J^x ''|YO (Q=) J~>O. WO^x J`kH H

^==H (~) =H #O_ =n<H = =z# ~O HO qa#
~Ô J=ì~K. qye# H P Ò` ^==H (~)
rq` z=i H~ J=ì~K.
^==H (~) =n< =z# Ò` JH_ ^ `=O~
P#H J=O^HQ xeKO. JnQH ~zH "~, O
*< Ta #~_ |@_
H # H@
q H_ ` =Ox
xOk~K_xH =~ "+Ô} OHOH H@ #_~ x=Q
O. J~K` W~> ^, H@ qe îH fHO=_xH
D H J=ì~K. J^ =~ qH =z` K#,
~Ôz`# `= H_ W=|_.
=O =H |^^H ^ `~` =~ =>
=>H H^=_xH u~KO. W~> H+ i` =~H
Ô~ Hey~z, ix ^+HH =uOH~Q ÔO>xH =` OK
= =z~k. "OH #`# =*q+O}H J=O# P^ H_
W~^ W=|_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Je- -g.1 Wk Z~> ~^ xH PO~x (^= ^`) Q~^~ .
D Q~^~ H HiH OA=O~ K`~k. O JQKO,
Jf~k # qO 2O# (==)# O "= k~z#
~^ #~_ (= =O~ ) YO_Ò h J=ì~z# D Q~^x, hH
Hx
O~ Q` =H
J=ì~z# Q~^#3qO . Q O O
1. Wq Hx J^H O~~ L~_ c*HO . O~ JOc `~
H_ W~> ~^~ L~_k. HH } Wk H#=OQ ~k. J~^=
+HO nx x W^q`~ Q xOt ~KH O. J` J~`=`# YOP<x
JO~ K H=_~ Z~> @O^. D c*HO 29 J^ L<. (2,
3, 7, 10-15, 19, 20, 26-32, 36, 38, 40-46, 50, 68 J^ K_~_.)
2. JQKO J~> WH_ =#= *<~ kH Jf` # q+ x JO~ .
LÔ}H: ^=_, P# Q}Q}, ^=^`, kq+$u (Revelation)
`H~, O# OH "^# q. g>x Qi~z kq+$u Ô O} ~k#
^= =H
H =`" `. J~^= =#= ^= =H
#=H~` g>x q
~K= L~@~k.
3. J~> YOP< è* |_# Ò`, Wh "^# Q~^` @
YOP< q~K|_x WÒ =`Q~^ H_ Jx JO~ . ^=_ u Q~,
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
27
H_ qO . J~> ^= cuO `= = #~_ =z# OA=O~

#_K O.5J~>O
~ K~Ô "H~ ~Ô. (1-5)
H#H h= ` uOO# Ki~z<, Ki~KH < XH>.
O Z#\H q~KO. ^=_ i $^ H> ="_.
i K=H "_. i H O H=. WH iH f=#
(#OH) `# ` ^. (6,7)
H~Ô ^x, OHx q~K=x KCH~>O.6 Hx O
x[# q HO. O ^=_, q# "y~E<O.
x*xH O `=# `" "y~KH~@<O. P ~Qu O Q ~K_~
^. i $^ XH q^"# OQ~ =~k. ^=_ ^x =i~`
=kO K_. i J` #HQ# i H~ (#~HO ) ÔO
`# HKHx =~k.
u *u# ^= =H
# q ~* _x YOP< =OH K@ è*~k. J~>
P ^, *` H_ k=Q~^ J=ì~z L~_=K. HH` Q`~
J=ì~z# Q~^ =O~ Q Ò=O x, H H, xH H #x
YOP< Ô `~k.
J~^= =~ YOP< q~K|_x =` Q~^# J ^=
Q~^ H=x "~_Q xOHi~K_xH g^ . qq^ H, qq^ *` =`
=`Q~^# ^=_ J=ì~* _ Q#H, > U XH =`Q~^x xOHi~z<
^=_ xOHi~z#>. (2:136,285 3:83,84 H
H_ K_~_.)
4. O
Hq~ J<H q qo` L<. LÔ}H: (1) ^=_
=#=_ D ~ K~ ^ Ò `_Q $+~ K^ . J`# PKi~K HO x>H
^=x =~^ =^#~ KCH= L~@~k. (2) WHO HO PKi~K
H H~. O
H~ HO
~ ~^ #~. WH~ =#=xH sH"kH. XH xs`
H~ =OH L~_ `èH x~. P Ò` J~` ~k~K |_`~k. P xs`
=~ ^=xH =` `. (3) WH~ xs`H ~ =y J~`" # `~`
H`Q =O q== PqOq ~ k. JC_ =` =#= XHi #sq~
|_Ò. ^=_ O~^s = O z i HO H fH~>_. HO # |> `y#
u
~ W_ . }`# OxH, `# #OHxH ~`_.
5. W~> =~, Q} HiH DQ~^~ <O~ K`~^#=@.
6. WH_~z 20= H =OH H@
qe Qi~z q~K|_~k. gO
=~ Q #> =~ =*x e#~z `z _xH #H# Q=Y
" . W~> H@
, =~KH u Q~# L~@ W~H, =~
=*xH #+~ Hey =KO. H#H gi@ P`~Q L~_x ^=_ D
H
=~ # OH~ Q Ki< _.
28
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
ZC_< i`, ~K~ H OHu~KH~_x J~>, ''"=

~ ~O~, ~uH=H~ J~>O. `` *Q`! O J#
HHO, ~uq`H. O ~Qu Q~K_~ ^. =OC_<
i`, WÒ q~z#@ g~ q~K~_x J~> ''Uq>! |k #
"= H_ q~K? J~>O O. QO~KH~_, O J
|k #. O ~Qu `H=_~ ^ . (813)
D H@
qe HH#C_ `= q~K=x J~>O.
Hx q_Q `= K q`=H# HH#C_ =`~ ''""^
ixH J J<~ Qx, "= g`< =<~ J~>O. q#~_,
x*xH ^=_ i` i =_`<_. P# "ix KK_#@
=k<_. Hx "~ Q~O^H~O _ JO^ `K_` u~Q
`<~. O =O^ O <xH |^ =Oq #` Hx`K H# ÔQ .
H#H O K>
# D O~ iH U=`~ ^ H~Q ^ . O

~ # =O~ #_=_~ ^ . (14-16)
"ix =K: ''XH =H Jy O* iO H=~`~ K_.
JC_ ^=_ i H~>K Q> pH>
`K_ =ê>_ . J
=~k gi iu. gO |kO, J~^, =Q.7 WH gO Z#>H
îHOO. (17,18)
ix D q^~Q H_ =K: ''PH~ #~_ H~_`Q =O~
HO~k. ^xH`_ HO" H_ ^@~ Q H=H<. LO=,
"O H_ =<. J~>
#H `=O}~ D H@
u
K_~_. gO Q~_# JÔQ > LO= qx, }cu` K= "
ÔH~>O. ^=_ ` uOOH #" #~_ LK ay< _.
PH~ "i#C_ P "O `= K# Q_~^ J#@ O
`_ e Ò. J` PH~ "i#C_ H "Q Hx~KQ< O
O~_ =__ Q =~^H #_O . Hx J~`< pH> P=i~K_~ `
OH# PyÒ. ^=_ `KH~> i ^$+x, qxH_ Hx iQ
i~z" Q_. x~^ ~Q P# = q+ J^, JkHO~
Hey# =~_, O H=~`_. (19,20)
=#=O! q=e, g sHe $+~ z# g =# POk~K~_.
JC_ gO OH~ K|_Òx Pt~KQ
O. P< g H~ <# #Q,
7. WH_ OA=O~ K` =#= rq`x ~i~K |#H# ^= =H
(~ )# Jy O* iO# H=~`~ K =HQ , OA=O~ =ê J=O~
< _ L~_^
z# H@
qe H~ K_x J~^ Q _~ [iy~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
29
x~yx HC Q K_. #~_ =Ox Hi~K_ H_ P<. P =O~

Ô P# OHOH ~_, ~@ ~_~z gH PO~ =Hi
_< _. H#H D Ô è# `~` gO WÒ H e ^=xH >
He~KH~ _. (21,22)
XH" = ^x J=ì~*# D Q~^~ Qi~z gH^<
J#=#=~> W~^x J^~~> F J^~ Oz~z fHO~_.
D x H~ XH ^=_ =ê g =^` Ô~^s KH~_. gO
` =~`` D x KK
~_. gs x K H `.... Z~`=`~
KO.... =#+, O8 W~^#~ HQ #OHyH _~_. `
uOO H~ Jk ^ O K
| _ L~k. (23,24)
(==^!) `x q~z `^#Q}~Q Ò KiH
=~K O= < L<x O qx~K. P O= <x
O_ K_\xH WHOx O_ =kiQ LO\~. "iH U<
~_ u#_xH Wz#C_, W~> ~_ `=H ~K~ H_
W=|_=x J~>O O. iH D_-*_, `_-h_Q JH_ q`
KO 9 H_ =~>O. P O= < O `~Q =~>O. (25)
^=_ (`xO}H) Z~> L=#~ W=_xH< Q__.
z=iH ^= ^ J~`H~ > JrqH ~|~k~z# L=#=~< O. 10
8. OH~ ùOO H^, O POk =z# qQ H_
#OHyH q^
`x D H
^=_ OH~ Q Ki< _. JC_ `
uOO =~^ `= W~` H~Q l =z# qQ q^^ # ` ~
|@|=`~k.
9. WH_ = + ''J*A=` O J< ^~ _|_~k. W~^
J** |=K#~ L~k. ^x UH=K#~ '** H '** J=`~k. J~> [`,
*_, [~@, `_ h_ Jx JO~. O+xH *_, [`k (O) J`, H
O+_ `_, [` (O ) J=`_.
J*A=` O J~> q`=~# [~@ Jx JO~ . WH~ [# _,
q`_# O+xH Ô# O, JqÒ# OL~> O
H~ i q"|~^~
`y`~k. q` O+xH JH_ "O q` O k~K|_`~k. JQ WH~
[# O, qÒ J# H Ô# _, Jq`_~# O L~> O
H~
i q"|~^~ qK^ = =`~k. q` H JH_ "O q` O+_ O Q W=_~
[OQ`~k. WH~ OO e Ô [# , q` L~> O
H~ gi
q|~^~ H#Q`~k. (56:36 HH O# ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
10. ^= H~> Jr= ~ K~ L< | p#H è
L~_^ . Hx <> "* xH Q~ ^=H~> H_ Z~` J=~# H;r=
30
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
`x q~z#O (W~> LÔ} Ô) Wk `= = #~_

=z# ` =x #=Ò. Hx ` uOO g\x K, W~> L^
O} W=_~ ^=x P~Ò ~ Uq\! J~>O. D q^~ Q ^=_ XH
q+ ~ Ô H~îx î` , =i H~îH î K_ . (26)
^=x` K# >+ = ~# =}# L~ ~K, H=x ^=_
P^t~z# ^x `~z, ~ K~ H OHu ~ K ÔO
# =`
^=_ =O + ` ~ _" _ . J~>O #+ O. (27)
J gO ^=x @ JqYi Z J=~aO? gO
xs=Q L#C_ J# gH r=~ _. z=iH P< g }
f_. (#O`# k<#) gH uiy }~ _ H_ P<.
z=iH P# xkH gO =Oe ==~k. P< g H~ ~ K~
x == x>h $+~ K_. `~ "` P# PH~ ^$+ i~z, ^x
HQ O~k~K_. P# = q+ è#_. (28,29)
h = ^= ^`` '' H~ <<H Yb11 (uxk)x xq~K
`<#x J#C_ ^= ^` U=<O `? ''Uq>...! gO ~ K
L<x =#[#~ `~ #=`<O. Wq J`~` H= ~` # H Ô
` Ô} H;îx Hx~K#~` HuH;~Q L~>. XH >K= h
=O 125 H@ H;r= L#@ O< x=i> O Q<O >H H#
Q<O. ZH_ Z~^H, =# sO~ gk XH ^Q~k Hx " H;r= L~>
~> Ju H H^. Q =# sOx i< |` Ok H_y < Wq `y=@!
D r= u K> L<. }H> =#Q_H PÔ`=~# }
= x K@ H_ L~>. q O H~^, =^[ J@_ Q |O^
# L~>. z=iH QQ#~ #~ J#|_ O^ `~ D } L~_
J=H L<x [< G"`
U<_ KO.
D H;r= =#H " Kq H_ J<H~ L<. =#~ OE `Q
K=~# h>, =# ^~ g^~_ H;H= =#H " K" J
L~>x O > H Ja_O . ^=_ =` $+O e =#=
L QO" $+~ K_. xHO # =x K |_ XH rq =#H =OOH~ Q L Q
_= K. H$ u O # Kk ` D DOA HH` =O OA ZC_<
|@_ J=H~ L~k. J~^= Z~`> Jrq J< xO Q=~#^x,
`K= ~#^x q~z fO .
11. WH_ Yb (uxk) J< ^~ ~ K~ =#=x x[#~, J`x rq`
H ~ Uq> è*~k. D ~ K~ =#=_ ^=x uxkQ, ^=_ ~#
P[# > P#H i q^
_ rq~Ke. rq`~x u O~Q~#
P# P^#, `=< >~Ke. J~`Qx, =#=_ ~Q [=x J,
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
31
===# z<a#~ K, OH`xH =_Q>_ H~ xq~?

"= q=e J#H}
~ u , g q``# Hx_`< =<~H^?
J<O. ^xH ^=_ ''gH èx q+ < <H ` J<_. (30)
P Ò ` P# P^~H = == O è*_.12P
>x ^=^` =~^ "> ''g Ja~ O#^` H D
== Oq > K ~_ Jx J_Q_. (31)
''gO i^, gO =H è*#~` "OH =H `.
^xH q~z XH q+~ H_ =H è^. xH gO Jh
è#O, q"H= ~` J<O ^= ^`. (32)
P `~` ^=_ P^~` ''D == Oq > K J<_. P^~
"\ Oh K_. JC_ ^=_ ^= ^`` W J<_: '' =H
Q~Q =# = q+ <H `x <# =~^ g` J#^?
gO H e|K q+ , # ^K q+ `~ <H `. (33)
P `~` "= P^~H QO=KH~ Q Ja^~ K ~_x ^= ^`
# P^t~KO.13 J_ Wc ` J~Ô Ja^~ KO. Wc `<^
Q}# J~HO~` qOgQ`, uO i~z Jq^
_ _.14 (34)
WO[~Q q$~Y rq`~ Q_ _ xH g^ . Yb J< ^x =# ^~ a>+
HH H~ _# (Viceroy) J< W~w+ ^~ ` =K.
12. == O~ > H=~ > O H^, H~Ô +HO JaO
HO~ > Q}Q}, Ô , > xfO, > = HeQ # "^#
=KO=~` Jx H_ JO~ .
13. nx |> q==O xO~K_xH xH
# =` ^= ^`
=#=xH ^=_ PkH ` k~K_. J~> =#=_ =` $+O L`$+
rqQ, YbQ K ~ K~ J`# K u x ^= ^` J`xH Hi~K
x P^t~K_#=@. =#=xH k~K|_# D PkH `, L`$+`
HO}~Q<
J`xH QO=KH~ Q Ja^~ K x ^= ^è P*~ K_~ [iy~k.
WH_ =+ * J< ^~ _|_~k. * J~> ~Q}=~,
QO=KH~ Q =~Q_~ , Ja^~ K _~ J< JO<. ^=xH ` WÒ H
~Q}=~ K _x W~ x+k~z~k. H~Ô M#HO
Q` =H
`z#
Ô =hH, QH QO= KH~ Q * K _~ Ô =`~Q
L~_^x, ==^ =H (~) `z# Ô~ ^"ÒH W~> *
K _~ H_ x+k~K|_~^x Ja_O . (12:100= H K_~_.)
14. ^=x @ Wc kHO "Y
iH HO}~, ^x OO# Qi~z 7:11,12
H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
32
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P~` "= P^~H W K=: ''h=, hO O~ x=~K~_.

WH_ gO HOH#^ u~@ Q L~_~_. J` JkQ...! P K@
î^H =`~ " H~_. " gO H_ ÔO
Ò. (35)
J` +`< (Oe x+k` =$H~ Qi~z xx P
He~z) ix Ou #~_ kQ*i O MH Ô~K_.15JC_
"= i` ''gO~` WH_~z ky~_. gO XHiHHO `=. XH
xs`H ~ =OH gO H~ rq`~ Q_ = =~k J<=. (36)
`~` P^~ `#= #~_ Hx =@ Q~z, `~`
H= } "_ H<_. ^x J`x = Hi~K_. P# Q H= je,
Jq` ^ =_. "q J<O: ''gO~` WH_~z ky~_.
=#~_ g ^QiH U^< =OÔH`~ = ^x J#i~Ke. ^x
J#i~KiH Z~>
~ Qx, ^Y~Qx L~_^ . nxH a#~Q =
=O^ O H`x xOHi~z, = H
kH i~KO #OHxH Ò. JH_
O ZH~ _ =~>O. (3739)
W ~ù [O! <# gH K# "# QOH `K Hx,
gO < q+ ~ K# =}x >~K~_. <# gH K# Q#~
<O O #. gO <H =`
_ <# O# DQ~^x q~K~_.
g ^QO O~ #~K L# (Ò`) Q~^x Wk ^$ gHi~k. H#H J~î
H~> =~^ gO nx uOi~z#O HH_^. =xH <
J=HHO_. < PQ ~ #~_ ` ~KH~_. `x J` ~`

HQQ~ K H~_. è H_ `x ^KH~ _. (40-42)
O< (#=*) == <H~_. ^ PiHH ([H`) Ke
L~_~_.16 <=~^ "Hi i` @ gO H_ <=~^ "Hi~_.
Uq>, gO =~z# K =x WÒ H` `^ KO . Hx q=e
gO =Oz`<O! gO Q~^ O # ~ H_ K < O H^! (W Z~^H
=i < O?). gO |k L y~KO? (43,44)
15. q=OH 7:22,23: 20:120,121 H
K_~_.
16. [H` J~> q``, i^` Jx aH JO<. WH_ ` H i
+, ^x H_ q`_ L^ ~` _kHHi `# ~^ #~_ O~_#O `~
KC# xO^H, Ô ~< HOH ^#~ K =# ^# H#H == e [H`
J~>O. D q+ x Qi~z ==H ==^ (
~ ) W =z~KO:
''^=_ [H` Ke~# =~H qkQ K_. Wk i ^xH #~_
=K, i xO^H J~^*
|_`~k. (|Mi,) ''U ~^ #~_ [H`
fH~_ J~^< H L~@~^ P ~^# Wk <#~ K ~ k. (q`)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
33
(O, gH"< W|~^~>) #~, O# Ô (<) x

Ji~K~_. O# (#=*) H H+ # <. ~^ ~ ^ . Hx XHOA `=
[H` ^^ u ^= =H J#KO =*xH qkQ xO
~K|_~k. =
=H (J ) J#KO =*xH H_ Wk qk~K|_~k. Hx ^ ^H
[H` W=_xH |^, "i #~_ =_ =K u#_~ O~a~KO.
''Z=O `# ^# ~ #~_ [H` Ke~ K_ J`x ^< x
k<# JyHQ
=i >` J`x H g^, #^>g^, #_~g^ ` @_~ [OQ`~k.
P k#~ " ~=Ò~` nO~Q L~@~k. [ fOh =y =OH
(J~>
UO_ =O ) J`x iu JQ H#Q`~k. P `~` (J`x HO e
|>) J`_ #OHxH H OxH ~ " _~ [OQ`~k. (=~ )
=~ H #=* K _~ Z~` qk (Obligatary duty) [H` Ke~ K_~
H_ J~` qk. [H` Ke~ Kx =H e@ J`x _| O
H~ q+O ~Q =O
`~^x Hx n Ki<. [H` Ke~Kx_ K #=*x ^=_
Hi~K_x ==H ==^ (~ ) +~ Q è*O.
PiH =` Hey# =~ `= ~^ #~_ O~_#O `~ [H` f
Wg `xH qkQ Ke~ Ke. Wg `~ x K@ =~ =HQ ` ~
QQx, ^ U^< ~ ~ ÔQx D [H`x JO# iH ^#~ K e. [H`
Ke~ K_xH xOHi~KO ^=x ^$+
O" # ` #OHt H J#q ~K=
=~ k. Wg `~ ^$+
O PiH <O
Q iQ}~ K|_Ò. J~>
=~ #~_ |=OÒQ [H` = K JkHO~ `xH L~@~k.
[` J||HO (Ol) Yb J# Ò ` Hx `Q
[H` Ke~ K_xH
xOHi~K. JC_ [` J||HO (Ol) P `Q` ^~K > #~_
|=~`~Q [H` = K _xH xO
~KH<O. [` L=O (Ol) D xO
~
@ J ~Ò~ =n#C_ P# D q^~ Q =^#qKO:
''^= H! #=*, [H` =^ qKH}
K u =H` <# ^~ K#.
[H` ~^ H. (J~> ~^ Hey#O ^ PiH H J# [H`x qkQ
Ke~Ke.) ^=H! O Q#H ^==H (~) H~ W L~_# ~^ #~_
X~> `_< O W=_xH xOHi <# "i` ` H~_ O_`#.
P Ò "` [` L=O (Ol) =>_ ` ''^= H! ^=_ `=Q# H~
J||HO $^ H"> ìK_. J||HO ^$H^ O# ^x <# P Ò `
Q ~K# Jx J<O. ( |Mi)
(1). [H` xOHO}
q+ " =H (~ ) H~ [iy# XH ~ @# Qi~z
49:6 HH O# ^ zH K_~_ (2). [H` Ke~ "`~ 8 OH ^
q
l~K|_~k. 9:60 H K_~_ (3). WÒ q=OH 2:267-274 H
K_~_.
([H` QiOz i q=~ HO 'WqH i~ O@~ #Oz "=_#
''^# qHOnH~}
J< H O K^= O_. r: 224, ": ~.75/.)
34
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=# HH=L~^x, P# xkH =Oe= L~^x q~K

^= cuO H =`~ O# (#=*) K _~ H+" g H^. (45,46)
W17~ù[O! <# gH K# LH~O QOH`K
H~_. ~ K*`x> gH k~z# ` H QO#è H_ *H ~
`K H~_. XHiHHO Uq^~ Q# `__x (
) k#~ Qi~z

_~ _. POA Z=i O K^ . U XHs i O~ fHx =ê
@_~ [OQ^ . JOA `H Z~> O a~K^ . (47,48)
"= q=e O h x` ~ #~_ q=H Hey~z# OA
H_ H QOH `K H~_. P<_ q=e O f=`#H QiK
L~_O. g =Q

# `=i, P_

# (=` ) |`Hx ~ _O.
Jk gH g = #~_ ZÔ# J`~` Hi# sH. (49)
gH~ "= =Ô pe, î UOOz q=e H=~Q îH
KOO. P `~` "= g H =~^ O h# (=^~) =~z
"O. (50)
"= =# # OA Q_= (Ò O`~ ^QOH)
e~K=. P Ò ` J`# g =^ H =_~ K gO P=^_
(qQ ~)# ^= ~Q K H<O. gO ÔO~ K ^g i O.
J` P Ò `< gO H$À
=~>O ## L^ ~` J~`>
Ox `~ LH~ z q=e Hq ~z"=. (51,52)
gO <O~ ~^_xH =H k=Q~^x, =~p K_ e "O K
K w@Ox k~K=. P ~Qu H_ QO K H~_. (53)
= (D =Q~ fHx) `# *u[ ^Qi H uiQz#C_
i û K W J<_: ''[O! gO P=^_# ^= ~Q K Hx
g P` H K J<~ K H<O. H#H (`H}
") `~ K~k
g $+H O # H= } HOH~_. Ò` g( +
#i) }#
`=O~_. g $+H O ^$+
J^ gH += #k. P `~` g =
q=e Hq ~K_. P# Z~` Q H= je, JO H$j_. (54)
=O ~@#. gO =` ''"= = H` ^=_ `H~Q
K_ #~`=OH h =@ #=~ J<O. JC_ gO K~ _Q< F
~HO" # _ Q g =z_~ k. ^~` gO~` =$`` _O .

17. W J~> ^= ^_ Jx JO~ . Wk Y =H (J )H ^=_
^#~K# aO^. D# `~_ WM (J), `` W~ (J) H_
^= =H
. Y (J ) ~`<< |hW (W ~ù) J~>O.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
35
J` "= K# "H =@ H$À L~>Ox q=e =m

|uH~K=. (55,56)
"= g (Z~_ #~_ H__xH) " K He~KO. PO~Q
gH =#, 18 =Hi, ''"= k~z# D i^ ==
u#~_J<O. (Hx gsH >H q=x=^ . W~> àO`)
O =Hg #+~ Hey~K^ . O `=H`" #+~ Hey~KH<O. (57)
"OH ~@#. JC_ "= g` W J<=:''D @}~
"t ~z WH_ PO^ ~# gH+" # @ Q u#~_. J` @}
^#Ô~ Q~_ "t#C_ ~Q_ 'H=aH, H=aH J~@

#_=~_. "= g `C =xO. =~ziH =i~` (Q~) J#
Q O. Hx ÔO
"= z~z# =@ =i"~. z=iH "=
P ÔO
PH~ #~_ O" # q` `z_" =. Wk O K#
^H `y# tH. (58,59)
(nxH =~^) = `# *u H~ =~zh>H ==e i~K_.
JC_ "=`x` ''h Ku L# HO` K@|~_ g^ F ^|
J<~. J`# K QT@ aH.
JC_ (<~_ `Q) [ `=`= h>@# Qi~z _H<O~
a~KO. ''^=_ k~z# == u#~_, `Q~_. J` ~ K~
Hx =`~ $+~ KH~ _ (Jx P^t~K=). (60)
(Hx P Ò ` H<H) gO (H+ _ H ~_ a # Z~` += ~#
PO~ @ J~`$K~k) =` W J<O: ''=! "qH XH
q^# D u~_ u~@ =~_=. =H~ < #~_ Lù J
HOQ, ^H, "e, Q^ =, C ^<, Le
"^# PO Ô ~_~*
=x h =# i~K.
^xH = ''Z~` +"# Ô =~_Q >x =ê #"#
Ô HO`<O! JQ` U^< [<~H ^~ _. JH_ gO
Hi# == ÔH` J<_.
z=iH O J==#~, Ju+
H QO ÔQ ~, ÔO î^
HOHO. O ^=x H uOi~_O. ^==He
J<~Q `=O`~_O. ^=xH Jq^ ^gi
18. =# J~> XH q^" # M^== . Wk PH~ #~_ =~K Hi <
g^ OH~@~k. J~> F ~H" # H . Wq Qe ZQO` ^H
~ Q îH. Wq O~_ ^H # ~_ @ k~K|_.
36
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=i~ _O. J~^=< W ^=x PQ ~ i qOKH_~ k. (61)

=~ Qx, ^Qx, H = Qx, cQx, =O =`xH,
=OxH, *uH K~k#~< O J#, k<x q~z `^#
Q}~Q Ò K ~ >, JO>iH i = =^ ` O_ =~z
u
~ a ~ k. iH Z~>
~Qx, ^Y~Qx L~_^ . (62)
g g^ ÒO`~ Zu> gK` =}~ K~z# ~Ô~
QOH `K H~_. JC_ "q P^t~K=: ''"= gHz# Q~^x
^$_~ Q @H~_. J~^x P[e, `=e QO~ KH~_. JK gO
H rq`~ Q_Ò. (nx gO J~wHi~KO H_.) Hx
`~"` gO =}O L~~KO. (P q+x H_ ^=_
LH~ K_.) g ^=x HO } H>H Q#H #@` gO (ZC_)
O<#=~ O. (63,64)
xO~ x=~19L~ ~z#i ~Qu gH è~^. "= ix
''H`Q =i, `K" # |`H |`H~ _x ~ K=. D q^~ Q
"= i ^+i}=x P<> [H, O= ÒH Q}O~Q,
^= cuO H `kxQ K=. (65,66)
= `# *u` ''^=_ q=e XH P=# |e==x P^t< _x
J<_. P ~ @# H_ QOH `K H~_. JC_ O ''Uq>, h=
=` i=_`<? J<O. ^xH = ''=O
eH W~>
q+ i #~_ <# ^=x O}
HO`<# J<_ (67)
''J` P P= Qi~z# q=O Uq> h =x J_y KC
J<O O. ''P P= W@ =ekQx, J@ `kQx HH~_ =^
=^ L~_x ^=_ P^t< _. H#H gH=|_# P^~ HO~
x K ~_ J<_ =. (68)
''O, ^xO~Q Z=~_ H_ h =x J_y è*
J<O O =m. ''^x O~Q KQ, KOH ~`+~ HeQ
19. xO~<_ Z~> ~zH # K@
H ~_, z=iH =~@x `~
K H~_ i = fHx ^ O^# Q_ x ^=_ ^H XH x=~
qk~K_. nx L~ ~z#O ^ Q xH QO=Òx Ki~K_~ H_ [iy~k.
J` xO~ O* K
=^ Li`~ fO# i =~^H =~ _q.
J~^= O XHOA =~^ (J~> HO~<_) =^ fO# Q~@ `q
>x h>` x~> O. xO~OA P Q~@H K
=KH >x @H <
O. D q^~ Q O xO~ x=~ L~ ~z ^ Q xH QO O. (D
H` @ 4:154 7:163 H
H_ K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
37
"i` =~_x g = P^t< _x J<_ =. (69)

''K P= K_>xH XHq^~ Q L#@ Hx. J~^= P
P= W~H UU H}
Hey#^ L~_ h =x i~z =H KC .
^= O è "= ^x H#QO\= J<O O =m. (70)
''g = P^t< _- Jk Z~> #H L y~K |_x^
L~_e. <# ^x#kQx, "@qH _|_#kQx HH_^ . JnQH Jk
Z~> ~ x^ L~_e. ^x =~>g^ Z~> H$u= =K
H_ L~_H _^ J<_ =. ^xH O ''WC_ h= Jx q+
Hz`~Q è*= J<O. z=iH O (Z~` =_ ~k~z
ZQ) ^x |eKO. x*xH O J Ki Jx~K^ . (71)
gH ~@# H_ QO~_ L~@~k: gOH =Hx K~, P
q+~ OO~ >_H~@ `x~^# XHi g^ =OHO
O^_ xH u~KO. Hx gO ^K`# q+ x ^=_ |@|
K êK_. P= =$` H| O~x H~` Q~` `x uH H~
KOK
~ _x "= P*~ KO. "= ~Ô ~ ''Dq^~ Q ^=_ =$`#
(#O`# k<#) uiy |uH_. gO q+x JO~ KH=_xH
P# `# ==# W K_ J<= i`. (72, 73)
J` J~`> Q == K< g Z~> =O O^ . Q
g $^ } Hi#=~. H^, J~`H~> H_
Hi# =~ . } Hx> #~z h>T@ LaH =.
=iHx ye > #~z H_ h =. W~H Hx O`
^= cu` H~~z H~^ _ `. ^=_ g K+
# Q=x~K_~ ^x
q~KH~ _. (74)
== O! gO g =@ qx `x qOx W~H gO
P @H<O? i H~Ô ^=} (Ò`)x Kkq Q JO~
KH#>H, ^x LÔH~Q Ò=O K~>O. (75)
O qe H#C_ `= (==^ =H# ) q~K=x
KCH~>O. Hx O UH~`~ OO~ XHOHO HH#C_
=`~, ''Uq>, ^=_ =#H è*# ^x i=~^ |O`~
KO ? ^x PÔ~Q O (O
k<#) =# = =~^ =#
x~^ "_xH? gH =`~ *#~^? Jx J~>O. O `=
^K`#^q>, |O` ~ K # ^q> ^=xH è^#H~@<O?
P#H JO` `. (76,77)
38
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
i H~Ô xOHO H_ L<O. iH Q~^* #~ uQ

^ . J< O xx P He~KHx THO>
è`~>O.
=iH~Ô <O. O ~Q `= K*` Q~^~ Hx, ^xH
u
~Q J` (~zH) [< ~^_xH, Wk ^=x =^ #~_
=z# Q~^= x J~>O. J~>iH q<~ (O>) L~k. O He~z
H#k i q<xH HO} `=`~k. `Ô O ~k~KH#
~zH ` H_ iH q<" `z_`~k. (78,79)
Q O ''D #OHy ==e `H<< `H^ . HH` H< H~ `
^ Hey~ ^" ! J~>O. JQ` ''gO ^=x` U^< X_~|_H K
H<O, ^x P# L~ ~KH =_xH? H gO ^=x q+ ~
gH U=`~ èx =@ J~@<O? Jx J_Q~ _ ix. (80)
^+H O KO z=iH, P ~ H~ iQ HOHÒ.
J~>O #OH . JH_ O ZH~ _L
~>O. (nxH a#~Q)
`x q~z, `^#Q}~Q Ò KO O=Ò.
O~ < O HH~ (Q) L~>O. (81-82)
"OH ~@# H_ QOH `KH~_: J# ` =O=s
POk~K O^x è^ ~ _H, |~^ =H, J<^
H, xO^H "
Kx [` zO#= "=` =~z =@ Hx O<
== (#=*)# ~ Kx (^ PiH H) [H` Ke L~_x
"= W ~ù K` =}~ K~K=. (Hx P Ò "`) g
H~Ô ` J~` ^xH q=Y O. =}~K L~ ~K_~
gH J>Q! (83)
O O~ OH `~ [OHO^x, XHOHO W~_# ~_ Q~>" HO^x
"= gK` (=O) =}~ K~K=. P ~Ô~ H_ *H~
K H~_. JC_ gO P =}x XCH<O H_. ^xH gO H .
J#>H gO uiy J" (`C_)# KQO. g ~`
=#+< `=OO.
g< XH =Ox J<~Q i W~_ #~z "_
Q>O . Ô# ~,
HO gO iH =uOH~ Q WÒ H =^` H_ WKO. J~`
HH~_, ^M n Q g ^Qi H =z#C_ #+ i O~ fHx ix
q_^ KO. J ix i W~_ #~_ "_
Q@_" ^ `C ,
x+^H O~. (K i q_^ H~ #+ i O~ fH=_~ H_<?)
Uq>, gO Q~^~ x H~` Q~ q~z =iH~` Q~ uO
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
39
iO? J` g J~> ÔH _iH tHQ WH

rq`~ O J==#~, Ju+=Ò J@ OH~ f=#
(#OH) `#H QO=Ò. ^=_ g KO# Q=x~K_~ ^x
q~KH~ _. (84, 85)
O
H rq`~ J=Hx WH rq`~ H#H#O gO. H#H gi
tH U=`~ `y~ K_~ [OQ^ . iH Z~> ~ H_ a~K^ . (86)
=H "= Q~^~ k~K=. J`x Ò` XHi Ò`
XHO J<H=~k =H# ~` =K=. =O~ H=O_ DH
+ # xÔ < Wz ~=. i^` (l| ^`) Ô H_
J`xH ~ K=. Hx U ^= =H
< g =<~K
H =uOH~ Q
=~_ q+ `z#C_ gO àO` ==i~KO. ^= =H
H~îx uO i~KO =iH~îx `=i "O. (87)
(Wx Ô}H =_Q>
H_ `~ K~^_xH |^) O ''=
$^ OH` ~ Q (xO~Q) L< J~>O. H^, J q+ ~
JkH^. i àO, uOO Y
i HO}~Q i ^=x Ja~
_~ k. J~^H i |Hk=~k =`" `x q < O. (88)
^=x ^QO~z i =^H WC_ i ^QO# Q~^x ^$gHi~K
=OH Q~^~ (YOP<) =z uOO ^=x Ja~
_ QH! (89)
20. ==H () O [`
(Ol) XHO . P F ^<Hx
H=O. W~ HO}
H O~ P `= W~> [iy# F ~ @# W q=i< O:
''=<#, z<# FOA ^= =H# HH=_xH "O. P#` K
=>_ W~>H uiQKO. JC_ iÔ D q^~ Q =>_ H~@~> q<#:
"^@ = z<# ''=# Q~^ q +` H@
#Q è* |_# ^=
=H W`< #~>? Jx J_Q_. ^xH = <# ''P...^= H! P =H W`< Jx
=^#qK_. = z<# ''D q+~ @ hH #=H=~^? Jx
t~K_. = <# L~^<_. = z<# ''J` =i h L^ ~ Uq>? Jx
J_Q_. JC_ =<# ''< ~k }=#~` =OH <x`_ qOk<
L~>#. J`x =@ K=} Hx=# Jx J<_. (W", O~_=Q~)
^ `= =H
J~^* # q +` =KO~ HO~ J~u= ^= =H
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40
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^xH |^Q "~ `= J~Ò`# J=H<O Jk O=

hK # q+ ~. ^=_ (i *uH K~k# =HH QH~_) `# `KH#
^xH `# H>H~ (^= ^`~) k~K_# JH` O ^=_ J=`
i~*# ^x (YOP<x) "~_Q uOi<O. H#H O (^=x)
PQxH QOO. W~> uOOH J`~` J==#HO"# tH
ZÔK~k. (90)
^=_ J=ì~* # ^x q~K~_x Ka`, O (àO`)
''= =^ J=ì~z# ^x =`" "= q= J~>O. J~>
O `= ^QO # Q~^~ ` |@ =OQ~^~ J=ì~z<, Jk iQ
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''gO (`x) q ~z#O` W~`H O~ (g *u< PqOq ~z#)
^= =H
# Z~^H ~i~KO? Jx J_Q~ _ ix. (91)
= g ^QO H Z<< J^`" # ==, +" # =}
fH=K_. Hx J`#, H J@ (ÒH~_H ) " Q< gO P=^_#
^=~Q KHx POk~KQO! gO~` ÔO!! (92)
"= g g^ Ò O `~ Zu>
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>~Kx, q<x P^t~K=. ^xH g sH ''"= q<~, Hx
>x >~KO J<O. D uOO Y
iH HO}~, i $^ P=
^_(H ) u+" Hx =~_@". i` J#~_: ''gO
q<! J`
gO J=~a~z# D qY
i Z~> JH$`H O ~k!! (93)
ix J_Q: ''~K [~^s H^x OHQ$~ ^=x =^
gHHiH `H~K|_~^x q<O? g Ja~ x["` gO
K=# HOHe. Hx O K*` K Hx ~H# () HO
HO}~Q K=# Z#>H HOHO. ÔO "Yi Uq> ^=xH Q
`. h= i "Y
i Q=x J~îH~> J` iH L~^x Q =.
D q+~ O |Ô^He H_ q~zO. i u
XH_ " ~_ @ rq~z L~_x HO H~>_. J~`> nO +
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~Q }
O z# JO| *u q ~z#~^H O Px q~K_xH xOHi~KO.
O =h ==^ (~)x J~u= ^==HQ Qi~z#>H H=~
*`~HO~ HO}~Q Px xOHi~z ^ #Q xH Ô" O.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
41
~k< Jk ix (#OH) tH #~_ =`~ `~K ^. O K#

#q> ^=_ Q=x< L<_. (94-95)
"iH KC : ''lc @ qO^ =~ L#O XH q+ ~ `He.
lc ^=x P[`< D Q~Ô h g^ J=ì~*_. Wk QÒ
J=ì~z# Q~^# ^$gHi~k q~KiH <O~ K,
O #~^*~k. H#H (q#~_) ^=xH, P# ^`H, P#
=H
H, lcH , gHH Z=O `==Ò J~> ÔO
H
^=_ `==`_. (96-98)
"= g ^QO H +~ Q `x è H
~=. Ô#
` Z=O >x xOHi~KO . O U^< =}~ K# C_ i XH
=O~ ^x zH qiO =z~k. J i K=~k
z`k` `x q~KO H^. i =^H ^=x #~z U
=H~ k. (99-101)
Q O, =< <H~ O` ^ K q+e
>~K<O~a~KO. Hx =< Z#_ ùOO~ *eH ^.
[<xH `q^ <O `~_# P ^ ` uOOxH _.
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^= ^` J=ì~z# q+ e H_ O @H "_O. Hx P ^=
^` [<xH P q+ <O=~^ ''"= [e sH~K_xH
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OO e q_n P H ^q^< <O H=_xH L|@_ O.21
21. ^~`rq`~ =#=~$uH =Ô~. OO =^ ^~`
rq`~ =~Q y` =[~ H_ =~z ` ~$` UO_`. J~^
J= `, J$ ` K@ K H~> ` ~$` H_ qH> . J~^=
J, JO, ==@, =~``~` ^ =O JH= ^` Ô
#< O OO e q_n_x WH_ Jq~ (H) ` _~ [iy~k.
^ `=H ^= ~ k~z# Ò` q^# =k OO
# q_n
H ^q^# <O H=_xH X_Q>
O . D =~`q^ Ô O `= HOH# x
P O #~_ q_n `= uCH<O. D q^ JqxH îf O
=x è H_ ^x <O H=_xH L|@_ O~> O _ .
42
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^ [ x^ P K`| _ = H_ Z=iH Z~> #+~ >k H^.

^x H#_H O
H (O) ~ Z~> K@ ^x iH Q `.
J< O xH |^ `=H #+~ Hey~K ^x< <OH=_xH
L`_O . O `= J~Ò`# J=Hx Z~`> hK # O H
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H
Y
i J=~a~z =~>, iH ^=x =^ Z~` =~z u
~
a~z =~_k. iH q+ ~ è=~> Z~` Q~_k! (102-103)
qO! gO (^==H =~^ ^) ''H = =@
q#~_x J#H~_. ^xH |^ ''H ==e JO~ KHx=~_x
`# HKHx
H~_. q+ O ^Q q#~_. 22 ` uOOH ÔO
L~k. (104)
`x xOHi~KO Q~^[<, |Ô^H<, h =
#~z h^Qi HK U =~zq+ = iH #K^. Hx ^=_ `# HO}~
H~ `# HOH# ix Z~KH~>_. P# Q J#Q je. (105)
""^< Hx O^K ^ =O~* ^x #~ J~`H~>
=~z H *sK=. ^ J~>^ =O H *sK=. ^=_ u
q+~ JkHO~ H_x gOOQO? =H O=`~
J ^#x, P# ` gH=O a+Qx, H_Qx Ox
gH è^? (106-107)
D sH qa# O =#= =^ W>H Q`~k. =#= |^q Ok
+`< `# J#KO= H Ô W~> L^x $+ L~>_. XH n HO~
Wc (+`<) `# H~^HO~ #~_ < <Q KOQ `# J#KO=H#
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J`_ Q~_H `H ~@ '' +, #= x[~Q #HO" K= K= J#~>_.
(WH~) nx |> OO# J<~Q q_n_~ Z~`> O"# "
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(2. |Y~)
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~ fH<=OH ix Hq ~z,
K K_#@ =k ~_. x~^ ~Q ^=_ uh K Q =O_ ,
O H= ~`_. (108-109)
(H#H gO ^= Ô ~ iQ ^$+ H~nHi~z) #=* (O< ) ==
<H~_. (^ PiH H#) [H` Ke L~_~_. g OH
H~ gO U Ò~ K< Jk ^=x =^ gH a ~ k. gO
K # # x>h ^=_ Q=x< L<_. (110)
^_Q H H = _Q =O#~`=OH U XH_ OxH _x
J~>O O. Wq i = =`" . ''g=@ x["` ^xH =}~
Uq> fHO~_Jx J_Q. H^, Z=O< O `##`# ^=xH =
i~KHx ^KO~#_ =~> J`xH u~ J`x = ^QO
a ~ k. J~>iH
k<# Z~>
~, ^Y~ L~_=. (111,112)
H= <O~ Ox ^ J~>O. JQ ^
<O~ Ox H= J~>O. x*xH O ^=Q~^~
i#O. Q~^*#~ x [ (|Ô^H) H_ W~>
Q
HÒ. O
=^ UO_# D q^ # Qi~z O
k<# ^=_ fOK_ . (JC_ ` x*x*). (113)

^=x PO^< P# O i~KhH~_ ([#)
xOk > q<xH __ H~> O=ÔO_ Z=O~>O?
J~> ÔO ^=x PO^< J_Q@_xH JOHO.
XH" O~^ "t~z< _` "tO. iH WH~
O= ~, O[ ZÔ=`. WH O
H~<` O O" # (#OH)
`# KqKO . (114)
Ò, _= O Jh J H K~k#". (O# K _xH) gO
U kHH =Oe` P kHH P# L~>_. x~^~Q ^=_
OQ`_, OA_. (115)
^=_ XHi `# H=O_Q KH<_x J~>O O. (^)
P# Z~` i^_ , q`_. =Hx =~ P#". O
44
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
$+O P# @ q^
` Hey=<. =H# (J~^x
= $+`#) P< $+~K_. (U XHs H=O_Q KHe#
JQ`~ P#H Z~` =`~ ^.) P# U^< K^KH~>
''J JO> K, Jk W> J `$> LxHH =~ k. (116-117)
''^=_ =` Z~^H =>__? J~>O J*#. H ''=
^QO H ^=_ U^< ==# Z~^H ~_ ? J~>O. iH O~
H_ H~Ô W~> =@ J<O. O~î =#` ~ XH q^~ Q L~k.
#"iH "= + # == K L<=. (=H!) "= x#
ì` *#~` O J~^*xQ, Ki~KxQ xq~z
~=. (W~`H~> Q == iH W~H~ H@!) #OH
q+ ~ h= [|Ô_= H=. i ~H$Ò^xH h= U=`~
^ _= H=. (118-119)
^Qx, H = Qx i PKO ==O# h= >~K#~`
=OH h` Z#>H Or_O . H#H ^=_ K# =O" <O= x, Jk
` =O =H= O~ ^x iH +~ Q KC . XH" hH (=Q~^) *#~
J~k# `~` H_ h= i =<H~He J#i =`~ x# ^=x
i#~_ H__ L~__ . U `_, H_ =@ #~z
x# H__ . "= Q~^~ k~z#O ^x i~ K=# q^~ Q
iO. O =#iQ< ^x qO. ^x xOHi~KO =`"
#+ O. (120-121)
W ~ù [O! <# K# =H~ *H ~ K H~_.
<# gH =`~K*` Q~=O, B#` k~K#. H#H
Z=O Z=iH Uq^~ Q# _
x (
)k<xH
_~ _. POA
Z=i #~_ ZO\ i O~ Hi~K|_^ . Z=i O _ K^ .
<~
Z~> = a~K^ . (122,123)
W~ = Hx q+ W~x sH~ KQ J~^ J`#
H$Ò_
_. JC_ ^=_ J`x` ''<# x# =` =#=*uH
<H_Q xq~K`<# J<_. ^xH`# ''! =i <
~`#~ H_ (Z=iH< ~ K <H` ~ k)? Jx J_Q_.
^xH ^=_ ''= D "Q#~ ÔO
H =i~K^ J<_. (124)
"= HQ$x [ H~ (PO^< ) H ~^~Q#, ~u x~
Q# K, W~ x|_# K@# O< ~Q KH=~kQ
[# P^t~K=. =O" ''< D Px [ ^H }
K _xH,
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
45
J~^ ^x~K_xH, "Hi_xH, ~Q_ >

xH q`~Q, i^~ Q
L~Kx W~x, W~x H_ P*~ K=. (125)
W~ ^=_ i '' ! D @}
x ~u#QO~ Q K. WH_
x=~K [ ^ x, O
Hx q~KiH u<~^H Jx q^ ~_
k~K Jx J<_. ^xH =^#~Q ''(D =< ~ K

rq`~) <# q~KxiH H_ Z~` H~` Lk x#. J~` P
Ò ` ix #OHy " D_#. Jk J`~` O=~# ^ ~
Jx K_ ^=_. (126)
W~, W WÔ H ^=Q$xH <^ f Q_
xi W "_ H<O:'' ! =D =# Hi~K. h" (J~î "Oe)
PH~K _=, =O è#_=. ! = W^s h qh
^Q K. =~ù #~_ hH q^
= ~_ XH *ux PqOq ~
*. x# POk~K q^#~ Uq> =H è*. = O@
=x~K. x~^~Q h= =x~K_=, HO}~K_=. ! P
*u[H hH
qx~K, h Q~^* <x, q"Hx ) W~ >~z# r=#Oo x =O

` Z=O ^+O ? "= ~ K~ (= HO^# H) ` H~Q W~
# Z#H<O. O
H~ H_ J`# }` KO |_`_. (130)
W~x J`x = ''x# h= (=H) =i~KHJx P^t~K
Q< J`# (U=`~ `@>~KH ~_) ''## <# O H =H
=i~KH~@<#x J<_. Ò` J`# `# H=OH_ D
(~ =O}) q^<< L^t ~K_. Y H_ `# H_HH
`= K ''^=_ gH~ D r=#q^<< xO
~K_. H#H Kx
23
=OH ^= q^
(== ) Q< rq~Ke J<_. (131-132)
=i Y WH~ g_`#C_ (JH_) g~<~? J`#
`k =^`#C_ `# H_H# ez ''<# "o# Ò `
gO Z=ix POkO? Jx J_Q_. ^xH O~` ''gO, g ``
23. WH_ _|_# ^~ x '~ J< ^`=H ~u, =O}, q^
`,
P*# J< JO<. J~^ #~K =~ , W~ J< ^ >. =~
J~> ^=xH `## `# iQ =i~KHx P#H q^
_, rq`~x
= O~Q P# P[# >~K_x JO~ . J~> rq` x==o< W~
J~>O. ^x J=~a~K_~ =< =x+H ~u,
a.
46
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=`# W~ W, W M (J ) POk~z# UH O_
=`" "= POk=. P#H "= q^
(== )
L~>= Jx =^#qKO. (133)
Wq Qu~z# =*. O K H# HO iH, gO K H#
HO gH. J~`Qx O K# ^x Qi~z q=e t~K_~ [OQ^ .
^` <O~ LO\Ox ^, H=Q =i`<
OA=O~ a~^x H= J~>O. iH KC: ''W~ J#KO
=^" <O~ L~k. W~ K# UHÔ^H_,
|^ O^H _ H^. (134,135)
== O! W J#~_: ''"= J # q~K= = ^QO H
J=ì~z#^x W~, W, W M, Y, Y ~ù
J=ì~z#^x =, D `kÒ ^==H~îH i = #~_
a~z# ^x H_ "= q~K=. i =^ "= Z~> qKH}
~ (== ~). (136)

K =.24 "= ^=xH q^
gO Z q~KO J q< O <O~ ~^Q
O. g
q~KH~_ =Y~ uCO> "~ "O_@^ ~ g` q
k< ~# =@. U"# \H "iH =u~HOQ gH ~ K _xH
^=_ K. P# =~ q~@<_. P#H ~ O `. (137)
K ~_: ''^=x O~Q J=~a~K~_. ^=x O~Q H< =O=i O~Q
+= ~#k? "= P< POk=. (138)
==^! i` W J#: ''gO ^=x q+ ~ =` >_ `
O~^H? P# gH ", =H " H^! g HO g"~@, =
24. ''^= =H
H~Ô `x, =iH~Ô J`x QH~_ J~Ô `=
`= H P =*H `< (J~> W~ Ô <) k~KOx, J~^=
O~î @ q^
` Hey L~_@~, i P[e tO=~K_~ P [ q^ H
Ô =x "= q< O Jx JO~ . H#H =~ ^= =H
H~î q~z,
=iH~îx xOHi~KO. i U XHix xOHi~z< ^=_ xOHi~z#@
J=`~k. (q=OH 2:4,285 3:83,84 H
K_~_.)
^= =H
q+ ~ H~Ô ^g i# Ja=<xH , J~îH~> `=
=H Q, `= =H Q Jx KC H~>O. J~u= ^= =H (~ ) ==^
(~ ) D q+ x H_ Y~_~KO. #O`# k<# P# < (=k) #~_
|>H =z K = =H (J) ^=~#~ H @Hx L~_@~
Hx~ k. ^x q ''gO ^= =H
XHi XHiH ^#~ W=H~_ J<O
KO `. (|Mi, =~ )
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
47
HO =~@ L~>. "= =`~ iQ P#H J~H`" O.

^ ix W J_Q: ''gO W~, W, WM, Y,
Y ~ `#~- gO ~ ` ^ x J~@<O? H H = x
J~@<O?
iH KC : ''D q+ ~ Qi~z gH Q ` H ^=xH? ^=x
^Q~~_ =z# H~ "_~KH~_ ^z>_ H~> O= ÔO_
=O=O L~>O? g KO # ^=_ Q=x~K_~ ^x q~KH~ _. P
=[~ Qu~z ~k. O K H# HO iH gO K H# HO
gH. O K# ^x Qi~z q=e qKi~K_~ [OQ^ . (139-141)
''U=~k giH, x#>^H XH kHH uiy O# K = ~_# gO
DOA O`Q =O kHH uiQO? J#~>O =_ . =H! KC :
''Ò_=Oh ^=x kH. P# `# Hi#iH <O~
K`_. Dq^~ Q "= q=e =^ =[~Q K=.25 gO
~ K[H H Q L~_x, =H gH HQ L~_x W KO.
25. J~> hu, <~, x+H `H H@|_ L~@, Z~> Ju^xH
H~_ u q+ ~# =`#~ >~K =[~ Jx JO~ .
k<#
=` =#= #s= + "^ #~ QqH_Ò. ^= <#~
HO qKO} O~= =`~k. ^= =H
~` `=H J~^*
|_# Ô ^# #
[H J~^* =x ^=x =~^ H qO . J~u= ^= =H ==^ (~ )
H_ `#H J~^*
|_# ^# # [H KO" #x H qO . P# J#
KO (=~ ) ^x ^$ gHiO . ^~` ^= =H ^ ` fi#@=`~k.
P Ò` D ^`# gO~`=OH xO~KOx ^=_ =~#
J_Q`_. =~ `=H ^==H (~) Ô J~k# W~ ^##
H Ô WÒ =#=H J~^* =x =^#~ WKH= L~@~k. D
q+ < D H
H ~ W=_=x O#|_~k. O `> =#=H W~
^## iK~ K_"QH, ~Q >x PKi~z H_ Ke#
J=O= ~k. JO> i =@H K`
H =^ ~`# L~_e. H O }` J~>
W L~@~k hfx*f J~> W L~> <~ Ô~ J~> W
L~> Jx [ q~K O iQ îH rq`~ Q_e. =~ F
^~uH =*xH K~k# . ^ ``=# *u [. O J~u=
^=~Ôx (~) ux^Q =H~@ ~Kx hu =O#
#_~ K= L~@Ok. K_ Qe JiH>e. J<~, JÔ # J~` ~k~Ke.
hu <#, ~u $^ `=O}x <He. ^=x q ~
Ô< , J<~, JH=, Jj~, JOKH` x~_` ^xH ^= ~ Z^@
=~^Q =O ^ =Ò. '< g^ Wx O, Ô~` [OQ`~>
gO~ K~_Ox ^=_ ix xn_. O `==~` H$+ U"OH KOx
48
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^==H# Z=O J#iO, Z=O q=Y=Ò Jx sH~K

_xH "= "^@ gO (O#H) =O kH# PO^< H~^~Q xO
~K=. Wk [H KH+~ Jx~z~k. Hx ^=x =OÔH`~
a~z#iH Wk U=`~ H+= x~K^ . ^=_ g qx J#=O~ Q
=$^K _. P# =#= e@ JOH$ j_, Jq` ^ =_.
(142,143)
==^! h= =>=>H =Y~ Hu PH~ " K_>x "=
Q=x< L<=. H#H hH "# kH (O#H) "= x#
=Oe< ~. WH #~z gO u~ (HQ$~)26 " uOQ~ _. gO
t_ . `xH H Q xq~K |_# =~ O
H <#~ D
H =^#~ WKH= L~@~k. (WÒ q=O H~ 3:104,110 H
,
> ^ zH K_~_.)
26. WH_ = + H =~kOxH ''=^ O~ Jx =_~
[iy~k. J~> q`" # , u` H" # O< =~kO~ Jx JO~ .
O~~ ==^ =H (~ ), P# J#KO *O ~ x u
=d H Ja=Y~Q uiy O# (#=*) K ~ _O. P<_ =~ H~ ^=_
xO
~z# d (PO^< H~^~) J^. u =dx PO^< H~^~Q xO
~K_xH
HO}~ 2:143 H
O#|_~k. JO| `= *f Ôa= #~ HO}~Q
JOa |@ =O ^x PO^< H~^~Q J~wHi~KO H^. W~ D
Ôa= #~, *`~HOe J~`"
~k~K_xH, =~ u =dx PO^<
H~^~Q K Hx O# K x P^t~z~k. =~ D P^x \~KO.
D q^~ Q =~ =n< 16 < @ D P^x >~K_~ Ô d
q+= ^=_ ># sH <QO. P Ò` ^=_ d k# =i
^H, H = H_ J~> sH >_ . .. 2= @ O[ H < <
H Q$x dQ K H# ^ [ J=ì~z~k. J` ^ D P[#
=uOH~ K_" QH~_ ^x > # =~ # q=i~KO. JO |^ O^H
q#@ ^=_ H kH, ^-H= q#@ u=d kH
iq`= L~_^ x , P# uK> L<_x, P# P[e tO=~K_"
J ^ O^# Jx [H è* _" D P[ L^ ~.
H Q$x W~ =H (J ) xi~KO. P Ò ` 1200 ~=ÒH
u =dx = < =H (J ) xi~KO. J> #~_ .. 2= @ =OH
J^ PO^< H~^~Q L~_k. uiy WC_ p# ^"# 'H PO^< H~^~
J~~k. ^ D = ~ è< H# dQ Qi~K_xH ^~ Q O . *f
Ôa= #~, ~f`` ~ `~wHO =O~ iH J_Q _Q xeK.
^, H = "^> u =d " uiy O# K ~ _O. Hx
Ò ` O
= < =H ~^xH u^Hez `= PO^< k#
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
49
ZH_< O ^x "H uiy O# K~_. (O<k =OH

~|~k~z#) D P^~ h = #~_ =z# ` =x Q~^ [H Q
`. (J< O `= ~`~ =#H `<O.) gi KO e ^=_
FH~@ Q=x< L<_. (144)
Q~^ [H27h= Zx xÔ < K< O g O< k# J#
i~KO . gO i O< k# J#i~KO . ~Q i H_ XH
=O~ O J#i~K O< k# =OH =O~ O J#i~KO . XH" (=
Q~^) *#~ J~k# Ò ` H_ i HiH# J#i =`~ h=
ÔO
Ki#@ iQ}~ K|_`=. (145)
"= Q~^~ k~z#O `= H#H_He Qi#@ nx
(Z~> ~HK~ H ~_) Qi < O. Hx i XH=O~ x |k
OH~Q HK`~k. x~^~Q Wk h = #~_ =z# O=
` ~. H#H h= Z~> J#=<xH POq=H. (146,147)
u =OxH XH ~< k L~k. O " uOQÒ. H#H gO
(nxQi~z J> Pz =~ =$^K H~_) Ò K @~
XHOHO q~z=_xH u~K~_. gO ZH_< ^=_ q=~^s
XHK>H KO _ . P# uh K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. (148)
=OH<O. [` =O~ (J ) u =dH Ò Q~ `x+ (UuH)
>~z#~^# H = Ò kH# `= PO^< k (d)Q xO
~KH<O.
^ | iH =uOH~ Q =~H`<xH _= > kH# `= PO^<
kQ K H<O. =~ =`~ ^ [ J=ì~z# <>#~_ W>H H Q$<
PO^< kQ K Hx #=A K < O.
D P[ J=ì~z# =~ ^= =H (~ ), P# "#H =~ AO
#=* K < O. O~_ OH` J =_= OH` "t ~KQ< ^= =H (~ )
kq+$u (=) Ô D H J=ì~z~k. ^= =H (~ ) `H}
" H kHH
uiQO. P# <`$ `~ #=A K # O H_ H " uiQO. W O
AO #=* "^>O ~ _ OH` u =dH Ja=Y~Q, z=iO~_ OH`
HQ$xH Ja=Y~Q x|_ <O" O O. |O~Q H@
# Ô D P^~ q#
W`~ H_ #=Au L#>H ~@< HQ$~ L# kH uiQO.
WC_ =~ ~ K~ ZH_<, U u L< H L# kHH uiy
#=A K = L~@~k. O , q=< }~ K # C_ H kH uiy
#=A K _xH gHH` g# kH uiy #=A K _~ `C ^ .
27. Q~^ [ J~>, Q`~ ^= =H
Ô k=Q~^ ~k#Ox JO~ .
` H~Q ^, H = Jx JO~ .
50
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
gO U~`xH "o< JH_~z gO u~ (H) " H

uiy O# K ~_. x~^ ~Q Wk g = #~_ =z# ` ~. gO
K #x>h ^=_ Q=x< L~>_. gO ZH_<, U ~`xH
"o< JH_ #~z gO u~ "H Ja=YH~_. gH
=uOH~ Q WÒ Z~> =@ J#_xH< POq=H~_ gO ^x
H uiy O# K ~_. WH ÔO
q+ xH, O ZC _ gH
=uOH~ Q U^ XH> "Q`< L~>O. H#H gO iH
_H _^ ,
<H
_e.
gH < H
qx , Q~^x, q"Hx k~K_~ ` @ gH
èx q+ <i, g rq`# fik^ XH =H# <# g *u
#~_ g q ~* #. JQ gH < J#Q k~K_xH, gO
<O~ #_=_xH P[ W< #. H#H gO ## i L~_~_,
<# q=e QO~KH~>#. <H H$À L~_~_, H$`
HH~_. (149-152)
qO! #~ =~z, O# K (=) ~ Ji
L~_~_. ^=_ #~ =~KiH `_Q L~>_. (153)
^= =O~ K~|_#ix Qi~z, O KxOx J#H~_. O
r=~Q< L<O. gO q+ ~ Q ~KO . (154)
~, PHe, ^#},~@ # Hey~z q=e "=
`xiQ sH=.28 J~> u #~ =~z, P^ =z#C_
28. ^= Ô x q~K=x H>
~ z#iH P Ô ~ U"OH q~ L~^
sH~ K_~ J=O= x D H K|`~k.
^=_, ^= =H (~ )# q~K=x KC H#~` =`# U =x+ O
H
xH JO_ H_ . ^= # `, P# k=Ô #~, O M J<q J~`

èQ a~K == H=. >H~ J`# J<H sH
ZÔ= =~ k. H+
# i ~K= =~ k. ^# } `QxH ~`~ ^ _ = =~ k.

Ô H_ q sH~ K|_Ò. D sH
x>H `@Hx ^= Ô ~
O ~ Q x|_Qe y#_ ^=x ^$+
x[# =~ .
''g (q) su Uq> sje~z g ^ , O z
`
= O `H=
_xH "= q=e ` H~_ sH =. (YOP<- 47:31)
''"= q~K=x J#~`=`# `=# sH~ KH ~_ =ê@_~ [OQ
`~^x O q< O? x*xH iH O~ Qu~z# O~^s "= sH~ K=.
(i) ` ^=O, J` ^=O ` xiQ sH~ z `H=# ^ `
^=x L~k. (YOP<- 29:2,3)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
51
''O " ~ TiH a ~ ^x gO q< O? x*xH gH O~ q

H ~q ~z# (H+# ) =h W~H gH ~q ~K^ ! i J<H H, H_Q ~ _
qOKH _. (YOP<- 2:214)
''== O! (q +`
) gO ^# } O~_> q+ ~# J<H Hi#
sH
H QiH==~ k. J~`HH~_ gO Q~^ [ #~_, |^ O^H
#~_ H_ =# <~K =@ J<H~ q#==~ k. H#H J~> u
gO #~ =~z, H` H_# rq`~ Q_` Ô=O~ O~Q
L~_e. x[~Q Wk Z~` `" # HO~. (YOP<- 3:186)
XH q H =z_ J~> ^=_ J`xH U^ " K êK_x
`He. nx Qi~z ^= =H (~ ) D q^~ Q è*O:
''^=_ Z=iH< " K ^KH~> J`_ HH QiK_ . (|Mi)
''^=_ `# ^xH " K^z#C_ J`x H Q# Ò
~ K~< J`xH (P^
O~) tH qk_ . XH" ^=_ Z=iH< H_ K
ê J`x H (~ K~) tH qk~KH ~_ P L~K`_. W
k#~
=OH P=~z POA J`xH i tH qk_ . (uil, q`)
''q~z# O+ `= ^# }, ~`#~ q+ ~ xO~Ò~ sH~ K
|_`~>O. Dq^~ Q sH~ K|_` z=iH O J~u=k<# (O
H~) `=
UXH> qyeL~_x (q`) u ^=_ HH~>O. (uil)
''q J# ^= ^_, [|_` ^ J`xH^< P^ =z_` - Jk
Z~> P^< O. LÔ}H J`x *|#~z _ < `- W=h q e@
}
xH HO}==`. |~QO~ OH O_ Heq He K= |>H
=z#@ H q # i~z" J`_ h`_ K. (q`)
''=~ H ZC_< U^< kQx, H+~ Qx = ^=_ ^x Ô K@ #~_
PH Oe#@ J`x # J~`"
~k_ . (=~ )
''HH QO# HO}~Q q ZC_< Q_ K =# U^< Òx
Q` ~Ò~ x iu K H `, P }
x H_ (J`x HO `~) O~
_x ^=_ `# ^`# P^t_ . (q`)
''H, H_Q ~ _ sH ZÔ# C_ q #~ =~z ^= `~ K ~ >,
J`# è QO ~ #~z DO* ># a_
U ~x O= q`_ `_.
JC_ ^=_ `# ^`# L^t ~z '<< < ^_ (sHH QiHH~_) P#.
<< J`_ sHH QiK#. H#H J`x H~ gO J`# POQ~Q L#C_
O~ _# }" (WC_) O~_ Jx P* _ . (q`)
qxH, sHH #_= Jq<= ~|~^~ L~k. q~ L#K@ sH
` xiQ L~@~k. sHH #Hx q~ w@O `Hx Hb |~QO~ ~>k.
sHH QO#C_ q x[O~ |@ _ `~k. D Ôx q Z~`Q
JO~ K H~> J~`Q J`# `# qOKH_ P^
# ~KQ
_.
52
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''"= ^=x P
~. ^=x " H =Oe =#~ Jx eHiH i
= HO} H>H ax O qx~K. J~>O <O
Q=. (155-157)
, =O (H~_) (H_) ^=x K#. H#H P O~_H~_
=^ uOQ_ ~ Z~> `C ^ . (Q Jk }HO~ H_.) }HO~
Kix ^=_ (` H) Pî_ . P# =~ è#_. (158)
"= =Q~^~ =` =#= =OÔ#~ HOH +"#
P[#, `=# *sK=. J~> P[, `=# ([ =~^
"_~KH~_) ^Kix ^=_ <_. ~KO H_ ix
< O. J` [iy# ^xH `~ K~k, ==Oe x ik^H x,
^z# ^[# [H _~K ix <# Hq#. <# H=jex,
HO }=_. (159-160)
J` Jq,29Jqu< J~u= q_Kix
^=_, ^= ^`, =` =#= O . O ZC _ Q
Q<
L~>O. J~>iH #OH `# `y~K_~Qx, =OH J=H~
W=_~Qx Z> iu # [OQ^ . (161-162)
=#=O! g PO^ ^= ~ XH_. HO }=_, H$QO _#
P ^=_ ` (gH) =O ^=_ <
_ . =H $[#, O~
|= KH= }~, =^ x =#=H [#~ KH O
F_, ^=_ #~z Hi~K =O h>, `Ô P# =$` qH
r=~ (K@ K=e K ^#~K) x, _q q^ r=Oe
qi ~* P# $+ < }~, Q ~KO~, <H x~yH =^
x=|^~ Q ~Ki~K " |k =~`H (^=x P` x, P#
UH`x è) J<H< H xÔ < L<. (163-164)
U"# >H qH H O=_~ POHO" # q+ "g H^. x*xH
H OH=_" POHO # q+ ~. u H+~ , u #+~ qH [#HO #
q+ ". J Jx H Ox HOHH_^ . ZC _ ~u k~K
=< ^ x "_ He. H ZÔ` =`~ #~ >~Ke. JC_ J`# ^=x
^$+
x["# qQ iQ}~ K|_`_.
29. WH_ =+ ''H J< ^~ L~k. H J~> aH =~ '^K_~ .
J~^#~K uOO~ J< JO~ H_ _~ k. =#=x J~Ò` `x [~
Q< J~wHi~ k. Hx J`# J<H HO}= J~Ò` ^# # <H> `x
uO i_ . J~> =Hx W~ ''HO J~@~k. J~> `x uO i~z#_,
^z#"_ Jx JO~ . ^z#"_< J~O q`< # < ^K ~ ` # _ H~
JO\~. nxHO 57= JÔ (n^)x 20= H K_O_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
53
J` ($+ xO} ^=x UH`x è Z< xÔ < H ^@

+~Q Hx< |k#y~z >x Q=x~Kx) H~Ô x[^=_
=ê, q^^# @H "_`<O. Q O >x x[^=_
Ja=x# @ Jq`~Q Ja=x< O. q =`~ J~îH<
(x[^=_# ) J < J`kH~ Q Ja=x< O. ÔO
(#OH) `#
K#C_ 'OH OkHO JH L<x, P# Ju
Hi# ~Q tH~ K_x `H~>O. P q+ ~ O (D<_) `H~>
Z~` Q~@~k! (165)
(` uOO# ) <H POA `= J#e J ~K
H~@, i``=H Z~> ~|~^~ ^# @ =iO . J` (O~`)
tH =`~ KqKO . i =^ (<H#KO ) ~|~^ iQ `y
`. JC_ i J# `~ ` Hqe`, `=H =OH
i (WHxH) uiy" J=H~ a, WC_ gO `=e J ~K
H#@ `= gix J~KH~>~ J~>O. Dq^~Q ^=_, O
WH~ K# ÔO~ , ^+H O# i `xH HO} `~Q
KK
_ . iH #OHy #~_ Uq^~ Q# |@_
O . (166-167)
=#=O! gO H~ îH Ô =`" # i^ ^ O u#~_.
+`< J_Q*_ #_=H~_. _ gH PQO `=. q=e _ ^+
HOH, JjK+
H iQ`_. ^=x q+ ~ gH=`~ èx
q+ e Qi~z ^=xO H=x q=e iQ`_. (168,169)
^=_ J=ì~*# ^x J#i~K~_x J~> ''H^, = ``
=`` J#i~z#^< J#i~ J~>O O. =i i ``
=``
èq#<, O <O~ H < (i< gO Q_Q
J#iO)?30 Hi ` =O q#x = =~k (D)
30. J#HO} [ q+". Hx J~^#HO} =#=x L# F ^
|#`. ``=``
PKO, ~^ =~[=#~` =OH >x
>~K=K. Hx =~[~, =z`~ HH`< zH. >x >~K_~ = ~
K~<QH, O
H~# #+^ H" .
D<> =~ H_ J<H =~k J=H, J*# Ô G~ x
PKO Z< He~KH<O. `= He~KH# D PKOH YOP<, n
U"< PÔ L< Jx H_ Pz~KO . O# ^= *#~ HO Z=O<
''W~> PÔ~x PKO >~K_~ gH `Q^ , ^= H^xH QiH==~ ^x
J~>...''F ! gO^ DOA H`Q K|`<OQx, Wq = sH #~_
=# PKO. g> `C ^ . g>< "= J~>@Hx L~>~ P#~>O.
W~> P~^#HO}
< D H
q=i~K_~ [iy~k. (5:104 H H_ K_~_.)
54
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
uOO Ô}. O (` ~ q#x) |kO , (` ~ Hx ) =Q,

(` ~ H#x) J~^ . J~K` iHH U q+ = `HH ^. (170-171)
qO! gO ^=_ =`" POk~KO` "= k~z#
i^ Ô< ux (^=xH) H$À
L~_~_. P# gH Kz#
=e, OHx, ~k=~x, ^" ` O H <" ^ ~ ># Ô#, (JH_
=O~x) x+k~K_.31 J` ^ [ L~ ~K L^ ~ H ~_,
^gOH~_ Q`~Ò~x iu =`~ (D x+k`) u#=K.
J~^ `C ^ . ^=_ Hq ~K_, HO }~K_. (172-173)
J` ~ zH [< Pt~z, ^ = _ J=` i ~ * #
q+ # ^z> O xH `= @# Jy` x~H~@<O.
J~>i` ^=_
k<# =>__ . ix i^ O K
_ . iH~
ÔO # (#OH) `# (^~ K |_) L~k. gO OA=OxH |^
=O + ` x, =x~H |^ (#OH) `## Hx `K H#O. Z~`
Ô ~ giH, #OHyx `~ i ~K_xH ^= O! (174-175)
^=_ ì` Q~^~ J=ì~*#>H ^x Qi~z O
q^ $+~ KHx, ~`xH x[Ô xH Ô" O. (176)
H~Ô J#HO}
q+ ~ Ju^xH , J#HO}
J~>< J~^#HO}
Jx "kO . Hx XH q+ ~ gO =Oz`<O. W^ J^~ 133= H

Y =H (J ) WH~ g_` ''< Ò ` gO Z=ix POkO x `#
~`<x J_y#C_ ''"= g `` =``
~# W~, W M POk~z#
UHO_ POk~ Jx =^#qKO O. D H ''g `` =``
POk~z# UH O_ Jx L~>, H
''= `` =``
J#i~z# =O~
Jx L~k. D O~_>
# J#HO}
=~ L~k. J` "^>k ~ # J#HO}
,
Ô=`"# ==O~ H~kH =~k. O~_=k J~^#HO}, Ô=`~Hx
==O~ H~kH =~ k.
31. D <Q =`" QH~_ =iHx } =~~ H_ x+k~K |_~k.
x+^~ Qi~z n O~_ ` K |_. > HO~ HO, Q` WÒ
H e ">_ HO" # [~`=, H x+k~K|_. =iHx n HO~
HH, Q_^ =~~ H_ x+^". =iHx>x l| KH~_< u#=Kx
n è* < . Jq K
, q_`
.
` OH~ x+^= x D H K|`~k. J~> l| K@C_ q~K OH~
J#=@. =~xH J~@Hx L~_ OH~ =@H x+^~ H^. JQ ^" ` O H
#
POk~K_~ , ix "_ H=_~ Z~`> HO", i =^ , Ô ^QO '[|
K = =~~, WÒ < ^ Ô u#_~ H_ J~` HO~. (D H`
@ 5:3, 6:145, 16:115 H
H_ K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
55
g =M Ò H _= OH uCH=_" }HO~ H^. ^=_,

J~u= k<x, ^=^`#, ^=_ ~# (J~u=) Q~^x, P#
=H# $ÔH~Q q~z, ^=x gk =a=<`
gH` ~` =~# ^< x |~^ = H~, J<^
H~, xO^
H~, @O H~, O H~, x q=H H~ YO
K e #=* (O< ) == <He [H` Ke~ Ke Wz# =@
x@He H+H~, (`` =^ [iQ) O@~ #~
=~Ke. W~> Ò KO <OQ=. O (^=x@)
H
Hey#O. (177)
qO! gH~ `==OH ~|~k~z# P[ *sK < O.
KO xH |^ KO _, xH |^ x#, H |^
x =`" (`=Oe). XH" ~`H x @ J`x (=#=`) Ô _
(`x |~^=) H~` =$^"Yi J=~a~K_xH ^_`, OHiO
= =O ~Q iO=e. ^xHO~ ~`H _ xs` OH i
Ox ~`+~Q Wz"e. Wk g= #~_ a# ~,
^#Q~. P H_ Z=O< ^gi` J`xH (OH~) ÔOtH
_ `~k. H#H |k=~Ò! (W~>) uH < =#= rq`xH
^` L~^x `H~_. `Ô =`" gO ` OH `H Ô~Q
L~_Q
QÒ. (178-179)
g (=O) ^` "|_`~k (q#~_). g Z=iH< =O}
H~ P#=`, J`# P H_ =ê`# H~ è^ ~ _H,
|~^=H P ~} q+= `y# g<= Oe.32 Wk
(^=x @)
H
=#O <O O =# q^ H Ô ~. (180)
32. O` P ~H~ q+ ~ W~H Z~> ^= K@~ xO
~KH| _H
=~^ D P[ W=|_~k. P<_ O Z~> Q_= OH~_ L~_~^H
u =H (`# =O}xH =~^Q) g<= Ô qkQ `# O >#
xO
~Kx D H
K |_~k. P Ò ` H<H ^=_ ~Q O
># xO
~K_~ ` D H
~#|_# P[ O^
~k. (D q+ ~ x
(
) 4= J^~ =~ k.)
^x HO~ ^=_ xO
~z# > U q^~ Q# ZH= `H = K
H_^x , O HxiH U^~< ~ K ^KH~> `~ P
=_
=~`H Q =`" (J~> i ># xO) g<= Ox
^= =H (~ ) k~KO. =_ =~`H q~z g<= O~K_xH Z=iH
Z~> JkHO~ ^ . JQ q, Jq XHi P
H =OHO O
H*Ox H_ ^= =H (~ ) KO.
56
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
XH" g<=x q+ q# Ò ` >x Z=O< =i"

=`~ P~ i< K@H ~@~k. x~^ ~Q ^=_ O ~ q<_,
=~ è#_.
g<= O# =H H`xH __xQx, ^ Z=i H<
i~z "_xQx (O ) Z=iH< J#=#~ =, J`# (g<=#
=i ") O =^ Or HÔ=K. J~^ Z~> ^+~ ^ .
^=_ Hq ~K_, HO }~K_. (181-182)
qO! Q` =H
J#H Uq^~ Q L qk~K
|_ J^q^~ Q (WC_)gO H_ L >~Kx xO
~KO.
nx= g
H
[xOK J=H=~k. D L H<@
=`". XH" g Z=O< kQ_` ^ }= L~>
J~> =H `# P L# WÒ k< >~z (<
L) iK
e. L~ >~K H L~_ H_ ^xx >~Kx
O =`~ iO~ Ke~K= L~@~k.33 XH L k<xH
iO~Q XH xO^H [#~ >e. (D q+ ~) Z=O< `=~`@
`= ~`+~Q =i~` }~ K ^KH~> Jk iH " KH O
`~k. U"# >H) gO q+ ~ Q ~KQe y` L~ >~K_" gH
O~. (183-184)
O=*< YOP< J=ì~z# <. DQ~^~ =#oH =Oîx.
W~^ OA=O~ è, ``#, =~pK_ # O Oz
K
+ # ^# L<, H#H WH#~_ g O=*< <# ~Ô
P <~` qkQ L~ >~Ke. J` OQQ, }H
(O=*< < `#) L# WÒ k< >~z (P
~Y#) iK
e. ^=_ gH ~ KH OêK_Qx, q=e
W|~k
x q~K_~ ^ . gO L ~Y# iK H=_
xH, ^=_ gH <O~ K#~^H P# B#`x Hx_>xH,
P#H H$À
L~_>xHQ# D ~ k~K_. (185)
(=H!) <^ <Qi~z J_y` <# iH KO=< L<#x
KC . "~@H <_ ## "O@H ~@#C_ <#`x "~H~z,
^xH =^# q#x H_ è*. J` O <~Ô Hi~z
<@ iq~ Hey=~_e. JC_ O <O~ ~^Q
O. (186)
33. Wk L q+ ~ J=ì~z# "^> P[. W~^ H L~_ H_
L~ >~Kx =H xO^H J#^#~ K i`~^x K |_~k. J`
P Ò ` H
O=*< L H Hey#O qkQ >~Kx P[~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
57
58
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
LH~ Ou"
gO g O ^QO H =_~ Ô =`~
K |_~k. O gH, gO iH ^
~>O.34 gO (g O
K~`H =_xH ~Hz) P`^~ K H~@# ~Qu ^=xH `.
J~^= P# q=e HxHi~z g O@ =x< _. WC_H gO
gO` x~HK~Q O` Q_=K. ^=_ gH Ô=`~
K# ^x (^~` Mx) J#q ~K~_. gO (L H~) H_O

#(pH>) `y è*= ` (L^H~u) H#_=OH Q
u#~_, `Q~_. P `~` (g@x>h `l~z) O= " pH> _= OH
L~ >~Ke. J` gO =^ Z`H (`x+) > # C_
=`~ g O# HHH_^ . Wq ^=_ xO
~z# ^
. >
35
H
` "eQ~^H
î^H " H~_. [ (_`= `HH~_)
^=_ Dq^~ Q `# P^# q_=Oz è* < _. (187)
gO XHi ^<x =OHO JH=~Q H|o~KH~_. JQ WÒ
`# J<~Q H* L^~` P ==Ox JkHO ^QOH
fH H~_. (188)
(=H!) [ x# <=~H Qi~z (D ìQ iQ K~^H
~Q`q@x) J_Q`<O. Wq [ J=OH, *` `n
xO
xH ~H`x KC . iH~H W è*: ''gO g W~_
H
^_^ i# "t ~K_~ U=`~ }HO~ H^. (J~^q H, JH=
^` H Ô~Q =H~@) ^=x @
H
Hey L~_@"
J# }HO~. H#H gO gW~_H > =YÔ~ Q~_<
"t ~K~_. gO (WH~#, O
H~#)
~ H=_xH ZC _
^=xH
_ ` L~_~_. (189)
g` O_ i` gO (P` OH}
O~ ) ^= =O~ O_~_. J`
^g OH _^ . ^g i =i~Kix ^=_ Z#>H q~K_ .36(^
q) O gH ZH_ ZÔ< O i` O_~_. O q=e

ZH_ (=H) #~_ " Q>O JH_ #~_ gO ix " Q@~_. `
f=# q+ " Hx, ~ _# J~`H< f=# q+ .37O
u~ (HQ$~) ^QO (g`) O_#~`=OH gO H_ i`
O_H~ _. J` O JH_ H xH H^q` gO H_ ix
x~HK~Q ZÔx `=O~_. ` uOOH W^ `y#tH. (190-191)
XH" O ^~ =#Hx uOQ@ "YiH Ka`, ^=_
Z~` H=je, HO}=_. (i uOQ@ "Yix P# Hq~K
=K.) J` (O ^q O=} K x H~ ) g~ JÔ ~, JOKH~
iQ =, ^=_ xOt~z# Ô^~ =`" xez =OH
i` O_e. Ò ` O `= PQ_ =#H~>, g~ Ô# O e
` =O=ih J}z " H~_. (192-193)
x+^= xH |^ x+^= " i`~k. x+k`x>h J~Ô
=#~Q QOq~K=~^. J~` Z=O< (x+^= ~ ^ q`
~
38

^QO) g ^_K gOH_ i ^_K~_. J` ^=xH
_ ` =He. ^=xH
_ iH P# J~_Q x_ . (194)
^= =O~ YO@~_. K*` <#~ Hx`K HH~_. Ò
K = ~_~_. Ò Kix ^=_ ` H~_ q_ . (195)
^= # ` H~ * ` K ~_. L= PK~O H_ >~K~_.
=O= ^ gH^< J=O^~ ZÔ` , gH J~^@ L# |e^<<
^=xH =i~KH~_. J` |e( =) ^#~, ^x <xH KO H#~`
=OH gO tO=~_#~ K~KHH~_. XH g Z=O< kQ
` ^ tO^H # (|e= xs` xH KOHH=~^)
tO=~_#~ K~KH= = J~>O ^xH iO~Q L~
>~Ke ^ ^#Ô K e ^ |e^#~ (YOx) We.
34. ^ xH ^
H =^ Z~> Jq<== ~|~^= ~@~^ OO
=^ H_ J~> ~|~^" L~^x, J~^= O=*< < Ou"

O+
`= O# Z~> ~HK~ H ~_ HH=Kx ^=_ è* < _.
35. WH_ ^
JuHq~K H_^x K ^ ^
î^H " H~_
Jx K _~ [iy~k. J~> ^
L~_# =@. ^
î^H " P
`~` U^ FOA >x H_ ^> ~ H~ _ =^~ L~@~k.
36. =H Jq =~ rq`# ÔO ~ K ix =H =ê
=n< = KO. Hx JH_ ix ~`~Q L~_x=H~_ OHO H
H@ #` z=iH =n< ^_ K_xH ^=O. JC_ =#=
~O}^=xH J_Q_ < P@~H $+ , ^ O>xH ky# ` qO^

` gO ^
O_~_x =~ H P[ W=|_~k.
J` ^ gOH _^ . nx q=O HO~ =~ J~> i`
` `= =OxH J=O^~ He~Kxi` O_H _^ .
,
, =$^
, H`
Q` H_ K K HO^. ~@, =# <#~ K H_^ . "#E
iix "~>_ K~H _^ . J=O" # "OH xHH x qxy~Ke.
37. WH_ =+ =z# ''` J< ^xH W~w+ (Persecution)
J< ^~ H~`=OH =<Ox W~ k. (2: 217 H K_~_.)
38. q=OH 9:36 HH O# ^ zH K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
59
`~` (J=O^~ `y ^) ~` iu UO_#C_ g

Z=O< *k< OH=~^ `
xH KO Hx L= PKO~ >,
J~>O `= =`# |> |e^#~ We. |e^#~ W=xO
* H~ =_OA, W~>H uiQz# Ò ` U_OA KC#
"`~ kOA L~ >~Ke. uO g~ W He
xiH =`" D ~ =i ~ k. ^=x @
H
HeyL~_~_.
P# (P*~ #H _ix) Hi# ~Q tH _x QO~ KH~_. (196)
* < gH è#". J < * K _xH ~He~KH#
O *x= >~K OA ~ yHK+
H, K_ #H, O}
H Ô~Q L~_e. gO K u Ò~ ^=xH `. * `H

|î#C_ }=y "~@ fH~_. Jx>H~> +"#
}=y ^= c`. H#H qAO! <@
H
Hey=~_~_.
* k< gO ^=x J#Q ~ (Lk) J<+~K^
KH~>
xO ~Ò~ Q J<+~K=K. J~^ Z~> `C ^ . JO ` #~_
uiy= =+Ji O~ (=[) Py J # P# <i# q^~ Q
i~K~_. nxH O~ gO î` #_~ _O. (197,198)
P Ò ` [ U
~ #~_ "#H =Oe =O gO H_ J^
~ #~_ "#H =O~_. ^=_ H= } HOH~_. ^=_ g O@#

Hq ~K_. P# Z~` ^ =_. * x= <O" i # `~`
gO O~ g ``=``
# Uq^~ Q *H ~ K H<O J^q^~ Q
^ J~`H~ > =i~` JkH~ Q< WC_ ^=_ i~K~_.
H~Ô [ ^=_ i '' ! =H (h= k~K=h)
~ K~ < k~K J~>O. J~>iH (~ K~< ` ) O
H
(O) ~ Z~> > a~K^ . (199-200)
=iH~Ô <O. O '' ! =H WH~#, O
H~#
=~zx k~K. ==e #OH
`# #~_ OH~ K Jx "_ H~>O.
W~>iH i ~^## |> L
H# `y# > (u
~)
a ~ k. ^=_ Ò< (HO ) H fH~>_. (201-202)
gO H< (JH_) ^= <= O} Q_ = L~@~k. Z=O<
O~_ OA< ÒQ JH_ #~_ "o~< ^ POQ "o<
Z~> ^+~ ^ . U"< g~H _ L#O`HO
H
` LO_e.
^=x @ H Hey=~_~_. z=iH gO~` P# xkH
KO H= =~@~k. (203)
60
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
H~Ô WH rq`x Qi~z K=@ x<~` PH@H ~>.

O `= J~Ò~ Q =# O= q`" # =x è~^H =>
=>H ^=_ HQ fH=O . Hx O `xH |^q O^ . (204)
J~>iH JkHO~ a~KQ< ~ K~ H H , ~@
q^ ~xH, =#= q<xH O ^ uO . ^=_ H,
H, q^ ~~, q<# Z~`=`~ ~K_ . ^=xH
_~ _x
J~> (=s >yÒ.) i J~HO~ ix =i~` H ~H <>
" ~ k. J~>iH #OH" `y# tH
~. Jk O= K_
~. (205,206)
=iH~Ô <O. O ^=x # ` H~ `= }# `~ Ô
O . J@=~> ^# ^=_ Z~` q_ , J#Q _ . (207)
q~z# [O! W~ iQ "t~K~_. +`< J_Q
*_ #_=H~_. J`# gH PQO `=. + # ^# J~k#>H
gO uiy `@_Q " =@H, Q `H~_! ^=_ OH
=~`_, O ~ è# =q"H. (208-209)
(Zx q^ L^t Oz< [ `= #_=_H# =OHH` WH ^x
HOH ZÔK# @?) ^= ^` "~@OQ " K H~^ ^=_
~Q kq#~_ ky=z `=#Qi~z J>W> èK =~ H~
O ZÔK<O? z=iH = ==O ^=x=^H KO`.
==^! "= WbH Zx +"# xÔ< K"
J_Q. ^ #Q ~ a~z# `~` ^x (PKi~K_xH |^) ÔQ ~
Q =OH# *ux Z~` Hi# ~Q tH~ K_ H_ i< J_Q. (210,211)
JqY
i J=~a~z#iH WH rq`~ Z~` PHO}

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Hx~K K |_~k. O qe #K < O. J` J #
K# i H~> ^= cuO
k<# L#` #~ L~>O. ~ K~
^=_ `# `z# iH q$ `~Q i~^
k_ . (212)
O~~ =#=~` XH Ô x J#i XH î# #_~ _
O. (P `~ "` i q^ =K.) `~ "` ^=_ i ^QO H
(<O~ J=~a~KiH) O
è, (J=O~ < _= ~_ix)
Ki~K =H
# ~` =K_. ` ~ Qi~z [ =z# q^
# i+i~K_xH P# =H
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61
62
(2. |Y~)
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`x ~^ =O~ ^=_ ^ ` (WC_) qH K_. ^=_

`# `KH# iH <O~ K`_. (213)
qO! gH O~ qH =z# (H)h g OH=~^
gH W> O " ~ a ~ ^x q< O? P<> q Z< H,
H_Q~_ qOKH _. O f= P~^# K~Ô. z=iH J>
^= =H, P# KO # q (P HH `@HH) ''^= ~
ZC_ =~ k? Jx JiKO. JC_ iH ''WkQ ^= ~ g~
< L~k (Jx Ô ~ K _~ [iy~k).39 (214)
O (^==O~) ~^ U q^~Q YOKx J_Q`<O.
iH W KC : ''gO YOK ^KH#k g è^ ~ _, |~^ =,
J<^
, JQ` O , @O H~ YOK ~_. Z=O U
Ò~ K< ^x Qi~z ^=xH Q `. (215)
gO (^= =O~ ) qkQ ^~ K x P[ J~k. Hx Jk
gH Oz~K_~ ^ . XH q+ ~ gH #KH =K. Hx J~^< g
L~_=K. JQ XH q+ ~ gH #K=K. Hx J~^< gH
x L~_=K. (=~pK_ ) ^=xH Q `, gH è^. (216)
[ x# q` = ^~ K _~ Qi~z J_Q`<O.
iH W è*: ''P = ^~ K _~ O # q+ ~.
J` ^= =O~ J=O^ $+~ K_~ , ^=_ ~# ~^x xOH
i~K_~, ^=He u~ (HQ$~) "t~KhH~_
xOk~K_~ , JH_ L~_ix |>H Q~>"
_~- W=h ^=x ^$+

J~`H< O" # KO . ~ _# ` OH ` H< K O
"# q. iH ^ _` q=e g Ô ~ #~_ =Oe~K=OH g` O_
`< L~>O. JC_ g Q#H Z=O< D Ô x =ê ` uOiQ
=i, z=iH J^ u Kx` =`~ J`x WO HOh =O"
`. W~> L+ #OH. #OH~< O (<<
`# J#q ) ZH~ _= ~>O. (217)
nxH a#~Q Z=O (`x) q~z, (^=x # ` H~) TO,
_ =ê = ^= =O~ xO~Ò~ O@~40 Ò O
=`" ^#Qx Pt~KQQÒ. ^=_ Q H=je, JO

^ =_. (218)
O x# =^~, E^# Qi~z J_Q`<O. D O~_>
#
Z~` #+= ~^x KC . g> [H Hx [<<, P [<
H< # ZH=Q L<.41 W~H ^= =O~ U~ YO >x H_
O x#_Q`<O. `= J=OH Q qye~k YOK x KC
iH. gO W@ ~ K~ Qi~z, J@ O
H~ Qi~z zOx ^=_
D q^~ Q `# P[# gH +~ Q q=i< _. (219)
O x# J<^ # Qi~z H_ J_Q`<O. iH
è *: ''ix fik^Q
U << =~z^. i` gO H"
L~_ê `C ^ . O g Ô . H_ K O=O, "K O=O
^=xH `. ^=_ `KH~> D q+~ g@ Hi#~Q
==i~K_. Hx P# O H=~`_ H=_~`@ Z~`
qK< O _ H_. (220)
|Ô^HO# (`x) q~K#~` =OH ix gO
Z~> iu# q=_H~_. |Ô^HO# gH Z~`
#z<, PH~> (`x) q~z# x= Z~` ". JQ
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q~ K H~_. |^ O^H _# O+_ gH Z~` #z<, J`xH~>
(`x) q~z# x O+_ Z~` + _ . |^ O^H q=e
#OHy " O. ^=_ q=e ^` O~ ", H=aH "
< _. [ îH =K~^H ^=_ `# P[# W q_=Oz
è* < _. (221)
"O x# O`=~ Qi~z P[ Uq@x J_Q`<O. iH
KC : ''Jk Ji^=. P u gO
(_H
)H Ô~Q L~_~_.
O i^ H#~`=OH i ^QOH "H~_. O i^#
Ò ` ^=_ q=e P^t~z# su i ^QO H ^HO~ " =K.
^=_ `# =Oix, q`~Q i~Q L~_ix =`"
q_ . (222)
39. q=OH 2:155-157, 29:1-3 H

, > ^ zH K_~_.
40. =+ ''l^ J< ^~ =z~k. l^ J~> H ^# H~ O
H
, X#O qxy~z f=~Q H$+K
_~, O_@~ (Struggle) Jx JO~ .
D q$ ` =~ ^ O@~ H_ L~k. J` H=~ ^ O@~ H~
YOP< ''d` J< ^~ _|_~k. H#H H ^# H H~ Ô, H Ô

KO~ K =H H_ ''=*^ (^ _)Q< iQ}~ K|_`_. P =O~
#_=_~, q~K_~ , ^# H#H == qxy~K_~ , H# ~K_~ , #
ZÔ=_~, =# JkHq ~K_~ "^# =h l^ ikH =.
41. q=O H~ 4:43, 5:90 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
63
gO gH == H `~>O. gO g == H `H
gH+ # su " =K.42HH` gO gq +` (O
H~) Qi~z *Q`
=~K~_. ^=x@ ^
H
HeyL~_e. XHOA gO~` P#
xkH =L~k. =H! ` HOH (O) O qx~K. (223)
=~zH, ^= cuH, [ =^ Or HÔ _xH ~|~k~z# #
=#H< q+~ gO =}~ K==, J~> ##
Qi~z ^=x O` =}~ K H~_. ^=_ Jh q~@<_. P#H
= q+ `. gO J~HeH~Q, P=+Q K JO~ O~ x
=}# Qi~z ^=_ q=e t~K_ . gO =#iQ Hx
K =}# Qi~K P# q=e xn_ . ([iy~^^ [iy~k)
^=_ Z~` H= je, JO H$j_. (224-225)
`= O# HH=x =}~ KiH <Q < Q_ =
L~@~k.43XH" O (D Q_ =Q) ^x L~ i~KH~> ^=_
Hq ~K _, HO }~K_ (Jx `H~_). ^xH |^ O q_H
W=_xH xO
~KH~> QO~ KH~_ ^=_ Jh q~@<_, P#H
= q+ `. (226-227)
q_H ~k# `=~`@`= =_ O`= ^H "z
=~_e. ^=_ i QO $l~z# ^x ^K_~ iH =~H^.
42. WH_ OO
~|~^x == H `xH, O` H LO_ ~|~^~ `
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*Q`
fH~>_. x ^x J^# K q`# ~ <@`_. ZO= "_ .
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He_ .
J^q^~ Q O H_ ~ yH#~^~ H" QH ~`<ù H ~` H_ O
@ `y# q^~Q =H~>_x DH ``~k. J~`Qx, O# q
== Q iQ}~ z P" @ q$~Y~Q ==i~K_xH Z~`=`~ g^ .
W~`H D H U ~Ô ~ J=ì~z~^ P q+ x H_ `H=_~
K J=O~ . [` *aO (Ol) H^# ~ HO~ ''O` "#H " #~_ ~y
"H~ _Q

_Ox ^ J~@~_O. ^xH =^#~Q D H
J=ì~z~k. (|Mi, =~ )
43. OO
=^ OK O=_~, ^x= `èH~Q ^~` H
H Ô~Q L~_@~ [~. J` D JQ_, H`` ^~` H H
Ô~Q L~_=# Q_ = <Q < =`" . DQ O
OK
Ô~ K Hx UH=e. D Q_ = ^>` Wî =^ q|~^~ `y`~k.
J` OO
Or_` uiy q~ K H=K. nx ''D J~>O.
64
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Y~P< "=$Ò
J #, J~u=k<x q~KO` s q+ x |O` ~ K e. i

O Q#H O~|~^# #Oî~KHê D Q_= Q `=
O# uiy ^~` ~H fH<~^H iH i H~k. 44
Ô}~Q O+H Z~> H< <O~Q
O+
H H_ J~> H L<. HH` O+H

XH "@ PkH ` L~k.45 ^=_ H= ~`_, q"K< O _. (228)
44. O O #~_ `~Q "O
=_xH q_He< #x "`~ rq`
H~ =_O =`" H>
~ K= L~@~k. XH" J`# O~_O =`"
`M H@
# K, O` Or_ ~O~ y, P Ò ` =OC _< Wî =^
=m OK = JC_`# O #~_ `~Q q_=_xH `M H@
#
XHi =`" K = L~@~k.
GHO~ UHH~ =_O `M W< #x K H_^ . XH" Z=O<
J*#~` `# OH XHi =_ `Y W=_~ [iy` P" J`x #~_
`~Q "O
`~kHx, Wk +sJ` ^$ O" # HO~. D "Y ix ^= =H
(~ ) f=~Q Qi~KO. [` L=O (Ol) `# <H~ W~> O
#
HO` H> O. O O`=~ Py #~ K# Ò ` J`<"H XHi
`M W# @ Ke. `~` O~_=i O`=~ Py #~ K# ^ O~_=i
`M We. P `~` =_=i O`=~ Py #~ K=OH PQe.
D =_ O`H= Hx W^` (Q_ =) J~>O. D Q_ = ^@H =~^
(J~> "^> i `M Ò `Qx, ^ O~_=i `M Ò `Qx) O q_H
L^ O =#H~> ^HO~ O` uiy HO~ K =K. XH" Q_ = H~
^>` (J~> =_=i O`=~ Hey# Ò `) J`# `# O` HO~
K _xH P# H`Q =Oi q~ (xH) K H= L~@~k. J` P
=_=i O`=~ Py #~ KH J`# =_=i H_ `M W< #x
H>
=`~ WH P" J`xH `~Q ^~" `~k. #ixH J=H~ ^ .
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O+xH H~` PkH`xz, iO=i HOKO} iê "OK~k. W~>
e ^ è H , |\ ^ è O+xH Jy~z~k. D ^ ` ~}
O+ =#`xH =uOH~ H^. O+ Wî h XH ik |~k~z>
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q_H W< #x O~_O =`" Ke. P Ò ` (xO

~
=OH~>) =z` su (O#) q|~^~ H#y~Ke ^
(J~> xO~ =OHH` q_He<#x =_=i H_ K
P"#) L`= su =k e.
J_ g~"H (=O ^ H#H ~O) Wz# ==
H~`~< ~ , " fH=_~ gH Ô =`~ H^. XH" Ô`
^= xs` iq` H@|_ LO_= x J#O>, Jk "~ q+ O.
^~` eÔ ^= xs` iq`H H@|_ L~_= x
_# C_
`# OH U< WK J`x #~_ "O_ ^KH~> iî =^
U^< XO^~ HÔ_ ~ `C ^ . Wq ^=_ xO
~z# iq`.
>x JuHq~KH~ _. ^= iqè JuHq~KO ÔO
. (229)
(=_=i H_) q_He, WH Px ^~` |~^~ H fH=_~
J`xH Ô ~ H^, P" =O=Hx q=_ J`<H q_He ` .
O~Q# O+` [~ [~ He xK _~< =#Q_, QO= u+

L<x K|`, P# H@~| ^ ` #~_ ` ~KO. `` e `~Q P" [
^ # ~, H=O~, j~, =# =O^ =^~ _ .
D J=HO K ^ [H# O+ ~Q= Q_
H La,
`# J~Q+= ~`, J~ê qOl" P^ xH J~HO}
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O+~_ u "kH, u O~Q~ Hx~K_xH u~k.
(=Y~Q
j=`) > K^ J# H_ J#k#~ KqK< O.
W~ H@~|~ J< ~H O+_ KO <Q, x H@sQ xq~z Z=i
^ è, He iH <=~`~Q H>~z~k. J~`QH P KO <, H@s
Z=i q^ O H=~Q xO# C_ H@~|~ J< ~ =~Q, Q ,
*=Q Q`~^x K|`~k.
U ^~ # WÔ J^ H ^ WÔ ^ # L~_O . U xH ^~ #
WÔ <` W=_O . U HO~# =#Q WÔ JkHO
xK O . U ~ h WÔ <H #_
O . JQ H@~|~ J< =[
== H~^HO~ =~ Q~> OO
XHO JkHiQ L~_e. sOH,
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W~ O+_ <HxQ xO
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H#H KO < O+_, H@s =#`~ O` OK HH ~O~ zK
OQ H=# x^ . H, ^ ` ~ x|~^< =o (YOP<) +~ Q
O#|_. D ^ è qi P H@~|~ qyk J~u, J[_.
(
, ^ `, =# QiOz# q=~ HO 'W" i~
O@~ #O_ "=_# ''=O = J< H O K^= O_. r: 240)
66
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
XH" ^> O , D, WÔ `= ^= xs` iq`H H@|_ L~_

Q=#H~> (W) O O O~ uiy UH==_~ `C ^ . Wq ^=_
xO
~z# iq`. g>x P# qA H~ q=i< _. (230)
gO H (O~_O) q_Hez# ~Ô~ i Q_= i
H=# C_ ix H=~Q (g W~@) L~_x=~_. ^ (=_=i
H_ q_He# @ H>
~ z) $^ ~` Q#~~_. J~`Qx, p>H
=>H "k J<~ `> L^~` ix P L~KH~_. W
=i~K_ x*xH `#H`< J<~ K H~@<_.
^=x P[e #=@Q KHH~_. P# gH k~z# =
Q# Fi QOH `K H~_. g H~ J=ì~* # k=
Q~^x, (J~^x) qH= ~`" # q+ # QOq~K_~ <O H=~kQ
P# gH L^t < _. (u q+ ~#) ^=x @
H
Hey
L~_~_. P# O ~ Ziy#_x `H~_. (231)
gO g
H q_H Wz" _~, i Q_ = (W^` ) fi=_~
[iy# Ò `, O `= ~ ~
# ^ WÒ O+# q=_
^z# H~ , J~^H O
=^ Ô H~ Q O O~ J~wHO~
Hki`, gO i qx J_H H~_, ^ x, J~u=k<x q~KiH
DP^~ Ô `^ ~ K |_`~k. Wk gH~ Z~` ~O=~`
"# q`q+ ~. Jx q+ ^=xH `, gH è=. (232)
` `= a_
H Q_ =H~ O
=OH @^
KH~>
iQ O~_ ~=Ò >e. JC_ a_` ~ _ PH `y# su
u~_, |@ =HO= L~@~k. J` O
U XHi< HH
q~z# O~ "H_^. a_# H#~^H W@ èh H+@ H_^
a_[ #H HOH _#~^H J@ `~_h "k~ KH _^ .
a_H > è @ a_` ~ _H Z~` ^ ` L~^ J`x O
H_ J~` ^` L~k. XH" è^~_ XHOHO ~k~KHx
O O "^~` a_H =x~K^
KH~> `C ^ . JQ gO
g
H "O
K` >~ K#H< `C ^ . HH` >
iH `y# u
~ =@* e. gO ^=x@
H
` ==i~Ke.
QO~ KH~_! gO K # #x>h P# Q=x< L<_. (233)
g Z=O< Kx, i O |uH=~> J~>
<Q
< kOA `=#`= xQ~KHe.46D q^~Q Q_=H~
46. D <Q < Q_ = H~ P #ixHQH, J~HO}
H H_
Ô~Q L~@ O W~>< L~_e. =H =K<# |> J~> Q_ =
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
67
(W^` ) =yH O `=H #z#x (#i~) `y#su K H=K.

^xH g Z~> ^ `^ . gO K #h ^=xH `. (234)
Q_=H~ gO P q`~` x q=_ ^z#@ K#
~Q è*< ^ g L^ x g =#< ^z=~z< O
`C ^ . gs q+ x P" ^QO qOx ^=xH `. J` XH
q+ ~ QO @H~_- gO K@=@Q Z~> X~^~ K HH~_.
Uk K< ÔH~Q< Ke. Q_=H~ fO#~`=OH gO o
q+ ~ Q>x O
~ fHH_^ . g $^ "k u q+ ~
^=xH `. H#H P#H
_ ` L~_~_. JnQH ^=_ (g z#
z# O@#) =x~K_x, ~K_x H_ `H~_. (235)
gO g O# HH=_xH =~^ i =O xO
~Hx
HO iH q_He `C ^ . J~> u iH Z~` H~` (=)
`xiQ =@*e. ^xH_<, ^_< `=`= H "OH `y#
su nx J~^*
e. Wk ` O+ <O" O =# qk. (236)
gO gO# HH_xH =~^ iH q_H W===,
xs` =O Q~ = Ke~ K= L~@~k. J` =$^Y
i
J=~a~z (=O J fHH)`, ^ q|~^~ `# Jn#~
=# O+_ =$^"Y
i J=~a~z (=O iQ Wz) ` Jk "O
q+ ~. gO (J~> O+) $^ ~` g H# =^H~> =s
=~zk. Wk ^= cuH K ^Qi =O~ . O O~ LÔ =~` =
H=_~ =OzH~_. gO K #h ^=xH Q `. (237)
gO g O# (#=A)x>h, =Y~Q =^ O## H=~
` H~_ xO *Q`Q H_H~_. ^=x xk q# q^
`
` x|_~_. gOH U^< =^~ zHH~> #_= <, #O
ZH=< Z ^ ` J O# K ~_. Ò ` g
~^#
`y =# H^@_` ^=_ <i# û HO~ Px ^x~K~_.
x*xH D û gO Wk=OH Z#_ ZOQO . (238-239)
g Z=iH< =O}H~ P#"# C_ i O rq~z=~>,
XH ~=`~~@ i (+}) YO i ~Kx, W~>#~_ "_
Q@
H~ #Q, O~Q = î ~KH _^x , ^ = î ~Kx Qi~>H, O,
H@H @HH_^x , H~HO}
H_ K HH_^x `~k. XH O Kx
=~ P QO ~ î ~z L~>, P" Q_ =H~ q ~K =OH L~@~k
q ~KQ
#~_ "o `=H #z# x (#i~) Ô =`~Q K Hê
^xH g Z~> ^ ` L~_^ . ^=_ O H= ~`_, Z~` qK<
O _. q_H ~k# =H H_ =z` su r=#$ u Wz
~e. Wk ^= cuO <O O =# q^ H^ O ~. gO q+ x JO~
K H~>Ox ^=_ W `# P[e gH q_=Oz k < _. (240-242)
==^! H=~ K=H
_ `= W~_# ~_ i# "k
=~k [<x h= K_^ ? ^=_ ix K==x P^t~K_ P Ò `
ix =m |uH~K_ H_. x~^~Q ^=_ =#= @ Z~`
^ =_. Hx K=~k P#H H$`[` KO . (243)
qO! ^= =O~ O_~_. ^=_ u q+ ~ q~@<_x,
=~ Ziy#_x Q `H~_. (244)
g Z=~~< ^=xH +" # O}^#~ J~^* O L<O?47
u
~Q P# ^x J<H O@ ~z uiy gH J~^* _ . ^=_ g
Lkx `y~ K_. ^x =$k K_ H_ P<. z=iH P# xkH
gO~` =Oe = L~k. (245)
= (xO}~) Ò ` W ~ù <HH Z^~~#
iè Qi~z hH `? O (J>) `= =H ^QOHo ''"=
^= =O~ ^~ K _xH gQ =H O^ ~ =~K~^H XH
OA# xq~K Jx q#q~KH<O.
^xH ^==H ''(O, JQ xq.) Hx fO q=e ^~
K =x P^t gO xOHiO" ! J<_.
''J^! ==e = W~_# ~_ " Q>O . = *

# =H
^H H~_ KO. J~@C_ "= ^= =O~ ^~ Z~^H K O?
J<O O. Hx fO ^~ K =x P[ HQ< i H~Ô `
J~Ô "#E iO. ÔO
~Qu ^=xH Q `. (246)
(O, ) ^= =H (i HiH# =x~z) ''^=_ gH ``x OAQ
xq~K_ Jx è*_. Jk qx O (^#QO~` qOgQ`)
''OKiH~ K_xH "= ZH= JO~, HÔ~ Qx, J`<
J=`_? J`# U=~` u O _ H_ H^? J<O.
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J#=@. W ^_ Ô ~< H$+H, WK ^< x ^=_ JCQ iQ}~ z,
^xH J<H O@ u
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Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
69
JC_ ^= =H W J<_: ''^=_ gH |^ J`_ (D xH~)

Z~KH<_. P# J`xH (HO^# H H=#) |k|x, H~_|x
H_ +~Q k~K_. ^=_ `# `KH# iH O*kHO~
k_ . P# q^$+ H_, O ~ è#_. (247)
^= =H (q=O~Q è* ) WJ<_: ''^=_ g J`_ OAQ
xq~K_xH xÔ #~Q (Q_ gO H# q`) >H gH uiy
a ~ k. J~^ g = " # gH ~f ~`$
Hey~K =y
L~k. JnQH J~^ =, O< H@~cH =ê"o# q`
J= H_L<. P>H# ` ~ ^= ^` H_`<O. gO
x[~Q q~z#O` (nx #=~_) gHk Q xÔ #~. (248)
P Ò ` `` #~ fHx ^xH |Ô ` i`
W J<_: ''^=_ (î) XH #k Ô q=e sH~ K`<_.
P #k hO `Q_ <_ H^ `Qx_ <_. J` (}~
H_H=_xH) ê` H~K~ h `y` O^. Hx (fO #k
^QOH KOHQ<) H~Ô ` J~Ô (H_O) `QO.
P Ò ` ``, q~# J`x KO #k ^> P=H
KO H#C_ i K=~k ''DOA *`x, J`x <x ZÔ<
H = ^ J<O. J` XHOA ^=xH =Y~ K~K= L~^x
#=`#O =`~ (`<xH U=Ò
_H ~_) ''Q`~ Hk
~Y =# #~ H_ ^#Q~` J`kH ~Y =# (`)
<x => Hi~z~k. ^=_ O ~ Q x|_ Ô ~Q O_iH J~_Q
L~>_ Jx J<O. (249)
O ^" ^ #~ *`H , J`x xHH ZÔQ =z#C_
''! =H #~, O~ k~K. (^~) = HH xH_
KH i Jq =H q[~ k~K Jx "_ H<O. (250)
JC_ O ^=x J#Q ~` *` <x z`Q F_~KO.
*`x ^=^ =k~K_. (P Ò `) ^=_ ^=^H O*kHO~, |k
H~ k~K_. W~H H=#=h J`xH <O_. Dq^~ Q ^=_
H~î Ô H~îx xOe~KH ` ~ K~ JOKH~ , JH
` x~_
`~k. ^=_ ~ K =#= @ Z~` ^ =_. (J~^H P#
D q^~ Q J~u, JOKH xOe~K UO@ K L
~>_.) (251)
W=h ^=x H
. g>x "= hH ^`^ ~Q qx < =.
x~^ ~Q h= = =H
XH =H= . (252)
70
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
D ^==H "= H~îH L#`< k~KO. i

H~î` ^=_ ` H~ Q =>__. =i H~îH WÒ q+ B#Ò
Wz Pî~K_. JQ =O~H=O_~# DH H_ "= + #
== k~K=. i^` 48# ~ J`xH ~ K=.
^=_ `KH~> +"# K#, xÔ<# K# [
=H
(xO}~) `~` O O~ H~KH<O H^. (J` =#=
`=H a~z# K`~`` q^H #HH~_ ix |
=~`~Q P_~ ^=x Ja=`~ H^. J~^=) O O O~ q^ H
QO O. H~Ô `x q~KO =iH~Ô uO i~KO. ^=_
è O O O~ H~KH<O H^.49 Hx ^=_ `# `KH#k
Kf O`_. (253)
qO! Z~> H qH [OQx , HO L Q
_x , Z=i O H_ Kx (O
H fO) k#~ OH=~^ "= gH
k~z# ~^ #~_ (H~` ^= =O~ H_) YO@~_. (==@
#=x) ` uOO O= ÔO
. (254)
(J# PO^h_) J. P# ` =O PO^^=~
_ . P# x`r=_ Z#>H xk~Kx_ Hh~ H#H@ H_
_x _. =H =# =~ P#^. Z=i q+ ~<< O,
P# J#=u H ~_ P# xk Z=O O K QÒ?
i =~^# ^q>, iH QKi~KH ~_ O ~Q L#^q> J~`
P#H `. P# `KH~> ` P#H# *#~^x U
q+ ~ H_ Z=iH è^. P# O*kHO~ =H# i
"+~z L~k. > OH} P#H U=`~ H+"# xH^. P#
OkHi, O#`_. (255)
48. WH_ i^` J~> ^= ^` [` lc (J ) Jx JO~ . D#
^=x ^QO ~_ ^= =H
H ^= ~^~ KO" ^= ^`. è ^= =H [` P^~
(J ) #~_ J~u= ^= =H ==^ (~ ) =OH =#~k =H
H D<
^= ~^~ J~^* "O.
49. WH~ =#=H XH sH
~. H#H ^=_ ix sH~ K_xH OA
=O" ^, J=O
" "iH +~ Q è* , >x J=~a~K K `~`
# H_ k~K_. g>x qxy~z H~Ô OA=O~ #_ O
H
~ Pt~ >, =iH~Ô J=O > ~zH ""~ _ O.

^=_ k~z# D K `~`# "#H fHx O~^s XH î# #_
WH D sHH JO" ^ .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
71
ÔHO} Z~> |=~`~, |Ò =. `~ J`~

#~_ +~Q "OK|_~k. H#H WH#~_ q^^# xOHi~z
J# q~z#_ Z#>H U=`~ KHKÔx ^$_"# P~
~k#>. (P) ^=_ O ~ q~>_, =~ è#_. (256)
q~z#iH ^=_ H_, a+. P# ix pH>
#~_ f "QH "__. `x uOi~KiH K H
"Q #~_ f pH>
H fH . O
<.50 ix D KH
#OH. #OH~< O ZH~ (<< `# J#q) _
=~>O. (257)
W~` J`x = q+ ~ ^#H ky# =H Qi~z h=
Pz~K? ^=_ J`xH O*kHO~ k~K_.51 J~^= J`#
(JkHOQO ~` qOgQ` ^=x q+ ~ ^#H kQ_.) ''Z=i Jn#~
r=#O}< P< <= Jx W~ J#C_, ''K=
|`H <Jn#~ H_ L<x J<_`# . ''J` ^=_ O_
Ò#~_ L^~* < _ H^, h= H J`_ _= O #~_ L^
~*
K^~ Jx J_Q_ W~. ^xH P ^= uOi =^#~
W=H `"
~"_. ^=_ ÔO
H Z#>H <O~ K_ . (258)
O, XH =H L^~`~ Qi~z Pz~K? J`# XH Q=~ g^Q
}~ K Q_. P Q=~ W~_ HC He O <#=~
50. WH_ K H
~> ^= ^ ^
gi, `" ^=Q, =Q
=i~KOx JO~ . D JO~ =#=e <O~ #~_ ` ~K_xH J#H}
~ ~z
L~_ Wc =Y_. Ò ` =x+ =<~Ke O<e. P `~` O
,
|~^ q`, =[~, <H, H, =`Q O=, , ^~`HO

"^~# "O~` =O . ~`H `, ~` "^` `x H#x =x+ gO~îH
x, "i O
HH =Q =i rq`~`~ U=O@ _L
~>_.
51. u Q~# |Ô^H ^=x ^=`x ~O_ QQ
ql ~KO. XH>, Jf~k H
H ~|~k~z# ^= `~. D Qx O H$ u
H
H, ``H, ^= ^`H Jk~z >x POk L~>O. >H `=
"H|_ Ke L~>O.
O~_, ~$uH, O[H ==OH ~|~k~z# ^=`~. nx O
OAH, =` QO=H, ~ ~x =YH ~Hq~* O. D HO}~Q<
K=~k OA `=# `= ^~ ~`=x H>~KHx WO[~
K ~ _ "O. D O~Q~ ^=xH Z~> JkHO~ ^x i =#. O O # =`
QO=, O`, Ô HO
H_ iH H= H~ _O. WH_ W~ =H
(J )` #=^ KH=i H_ J^ =#` "^#H kQ_.
72
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
L~k. J`# (~= O` K) ''Kz# D Ti[<x ^=_

=m Z |uH_! J#H<_ (`#`#). JC_ ^=_ ("~@<)
J`x }~ f_. Pq^~ Q J`# (xs= u ) =~^ @ _= <_.
P Ò ` ^=_ J`xH =m }~ _. JC_`x ` ''hg
u Z~`H~ L< K Q?Jx J_Q_. ^xH =H ''XH O*
H J~`H~ > `H = H" L<##H~># Jx J<_.
JC_ ^=_ W K_:''H^, h= =~^ (W) L<=. O,
h= "~@ `K H# J#h " K_, (W< Q_z <) Jq U=`~
K_^. h Q_^ " H_ K_ (^x Z=H `~ Z rO=~
). "= hL^~`~ Ô [H Q}O~ QO _ xH W KO.
D Z=HQ_ iK ^x uiy =~~ $+~ z Z `" K_.
Dq^~Q J`# ^~O HO K ''^=_ uh KQ
=O_, OH=~`_x <H ` J<_. (259)
=O ~ @#. JC_ W~'' ! h= =$è Z |uH
Fi <H K J<_. ^xH ^=_'' hH (=g^) #=H~ ^? Jx
J_Q_. ''Z~^H ^, L~k. Hx < =<`$ H~ J_Q`<#
J<_ W~.
''J` <Q H e fH. >x (+~z) =zH K H. Ò `
(>x H) > Q XH^x XH H~_ L~z >x =. ~@<
Jq Zyi h^QO H =K. (D ~Ô ~ Q) ^=_ O H= ~`_, J`~`
q"K< O _# q+ ~ Q QO~ KH J<_ ^=_. (260)
^= =O~ ~^ YOKi (YO) eH, XH q`# ~ <@Q Jk
U_ "# Dx u "# =~^ y~[#@ L~@~k. J^ q^~ Q
^=_ `# `KH# i HO
x J<H O@ ~K`_. ^=_ Z~`
LÔ =_, O ~ è#_. (261)
^==O~ ^<x YOK_~` @, K# " QOK
(^#Q`) =# <~Kxi H~ i u~ i = ^QO
^~ Q L~k. iH (O
H~) Z~>
~Qx, ^Y~Qx L~_^ .
^#~K (^#Q`) =# <~K x H< =$^=Q =>_@~,
Hq ~K_~ J<q Z~` +" # #. ^=_ xOHO _, q$^ ~
H_. (262-263)
(H#H) qO! H "C H~ Ô < |k` ^#Ô K
_, gO g ^#Ô# Zu_ =@Ô, (Q`) =#
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
73
<~z =$^ KHH~_. J`xH ^=xg^, OHg^ #=HO ^.

J~> =H (K ^#Ô) s=O~ HO=Q< ## > =>O
H `_z@H ##Q qye Ou (^~)` =#~.
J~>O Ò K Z~> }
~ ~Ô . ` uOOH
^=_ Z#>H <O~ K_ . (264)
(nxH a#~Q) H=~ ^=#` H~ z`k` `= ~^#
YOK O "OH ~`~ L~_ `@ ~>O. P`@ =O Q
L~> O~_~`
x~ k. J~`Q =O H ~_ #> [
_< ^xH i`~k. gO K #h ^=_ Q=x< L<_. (265)
g Z=iH< XH ~_` @ L~^#H~_. J~^ H= H_
= ~ >. `@ J`x H~ OHO H ~_
+~Q
~_ ^~ Q L~>. J`xH =$^ ~ H_ =~ k. J` J`x

W~H #= < L~>O. J~> u FOA O`Q f="#
=_QH `@ `~ =_ =`~k. W ~q ~K_x J`#
W+ _ ` _? gO (`x) JO~ K H=_xH ^=_ W `# He
g=~^ q=i< _. (266)
(H|>) qO! gO ~k~z# ^x#, "= <#~_ g
H~ LùK# ^x# +"#^x ^=O~ YOK~_.52
^= =O~ YO K _xH <OH ~ == e Uif `~ K H~_.
J~> == e gH Q#H Z=~~< W gO fH=_xH W+ _ ` O?
H =Hx HiOH x, =#iQ gO Z#>H >x Hi~KO .
^=_ xOHO _, ` Q ~ h_x `H~_. (267)
+`< q=e îH~Qi~z
> Q = e# #H _
O _ . Hx ^=_ q=e Hq #x, J#Q #x Q#~ K < _.
52. ^=_ =#=xH J`x =#Q_ H~ D ~ K~ J<H OH ~ê
k~K_. J~^HQ# J`_ ^=xH H$À_ L~_@~` @, P ~^
H~`
Q~ xO^# `> =#=H_ J~^*
e. =` Hey#O `= ^# , H#H,
=, ~^
#~_ u U_ O~_#O `~ K# f ^H ^#~ K e.
nx [H` J~>O. (2:43, 9:60 H
, > ^ zH, K_~_.)
J~`HH~_ O ^#~, JO, ~_, HOQ `kÒ L``
#~_ H_ [H` f= L~@~k. nx ''L+ J~>O. J` L+ _kH

XHi =`" QH, ~=ÒxH ZxO ~_ JxO f ^H ^#~ K e.
=O~ = ~_ ~@ #~_ k `~, YO` H_# h>O^ HO ~ = ~_
~@ #~_ J^ `~ KC# L+ f ^H qkQ J~^*
e.
74
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P# Z~` LÔ=_, O~ è#_. `# `KH# iH

q"H~ , qKH}
*#~ k_ . q"H~ , qKH}
*#~ a~z#_ Z~`
J^$+ =~`_. x[~Q J`xH JO ~^
a~z#>. |k=~`
=`" (=) `^ ~ Q O . (268-269)
gO (^= =O~ ) YO K~ ^<, H gO "H|_ K H#
^< O, J~` ^=xH `. ÔO
H Z=O ~ K O. gO
^#Ô |O~Q~Q K< =~z^ XH" gO WÒ H~@ _H ~_
O ~Q JQ` O H ^#~ K Jk =s =~zk. J~> ^#~ g
# H_y " ~ k. gO K^~` ^=xH `. (270-271)
(==^!) [# <OxH fHK ^ ` hg^ ^ . ^=_
=`" `# `z# ix îH `_ .
g~^ #~_ gO Uk YOK< Jk gH ^H~. gO
K^~` ^= # ` H" H^! ^= # ` H~ gO Uk YOK< ^x
}
~ gH iQ a ~ k. gH=`~ J<~ [OQ^ . (272)
=Y~Q ^= HO x=Q~~, r=<k H~ Ô }
uiQ
J=H~ x xO^H (PiH ~ K ~_). i u Q` ZOQx O
i Pà=#~ K O u O #x qO . Hx i =M K
gO i "= iu Q O . O (Q =ê) [ "~@|_ Ji~K
(KH ~>) OH^. i O HO gO K UYO< ^=xH
èH~_ L~_^ . (273)
Ou~|= |O~Q~Q#, Q~Q# (^= =O~ ) `= ~^#
YO Ki H~ `y# u~ i = ^QO ^~Q L~k. iH
(JH_) Z~>
~Qx, ^Y~Qx L~_^ . (274)
` =_ u<_ K~ ># z_ (aÒ K` =k
#~_) _ . D û H HO}~, O O~ H_ =_ ~>^ H^
Jx J~>O. Hx ^=_ Ox Ô =`~ K_. =_x JÔ HO~Q
xO~K_.53 H#H D `^ J~k#O WH=~^ =_ u#>x
53. D<_ H_ H~`=~k 'O~ H_ =_ ~>^ H^! Jx J#_~
=#~ q~@<~. Hx =_ ==# ^=_ iQ x+k~K_. =_ u< (fH<) _,
ux~K (WK) "_, ^xH H Q L~_ix, =_ `~ O_- J~^s ^=_
~ K_x ^= =H (~ ) èO. (J|^=^, W =[, #.)
=OH n ^= =H () W =z~KO: ''JÔ HOH` `x
J}z" L^ ~` J<O _H J~_Q xez# =H ^=x OH}
#~_, ^= =H
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
75
=#He. [iy~^^ [iy~k. WH#~_ =`~ =#He. P~>i

==O~ (O ) ^=_ i+i_ . XH" D P^~ J~k# `~ "` H_
=m Z=O< D HOxH _` O #OH~ =Ò. #OH~ <
ZH~ (<< `# J#q ) _L
~>O. (275)
^=_ =_x `^=>_. ^#ÔH =$kqH Hey_.
H$` _, `_#_ ^=_ Z#>H q~K_ . J` (`x)
q~z ^KO ~# #=A (qk) xO, (^ PiH )
[H` <O O L~_iH iu
~ i = =^ ^~ Q L~k. iH
(O
H~) Z~>
~Qx, ^Y~Qx L~_^ . (276-277)
qO! ^=xH _~_. gO x[~Q q~z# ~~`
gH O=# =_x =k~_. gi KHO, *Q`! ^=x
Ò #, P# =H Ò # gH =uOH~ Q ^ H@
# "=_#># x
`H~_.54 H#H WH#~< `~ K~k (=_ fH=_x =<)
#@` gH g = ^# ~ fH< H L~@~k. ^x= gH #+~
L~_^ WÒ H #+~ L~_^ . (278-279)
OH}
#~_ |>H #>. XH kO~ (~) H_ =_ u#_ ~ 33 O
=aKO~ K# ~` =#~. JÔ ~^#` +~K|_# sOxH (#OH)JQ
`y# tH . (`x)
"OH n P# W k~KO: ''g Z=~~< "OHiH JC Wz
#@` (JC fH#) J`# P =HH H#H ~#C_ ^ `# "#~ g^
HO@H=_xH =~^Hz#C_ (O}^`) P H#H# Hi~K_~ Qx, J`x
"#~ g^ ZH_~Qx K H_^ . J` D# =~^#~p Q` =~ >
J K _~ ` ^ . (W=*, q`)
54. Wg # L~_O == < , =" Ò < O =_ O~
K _~ <O~ . [` WJ, < |, Ws< ~> =Y +sJ`"`

DHx |> =_ fH< =H =u_` z Px =x~*
x, =#HH` J`_
=k~Kx Ja_O . J` =iH~Ô +sJ` "`
, J~> =Hx =_ f
H=_~ =<=OH *
_ Kx Ja_O . 3, 4 J^ =_ fH=_x
i~K_~ [iy~k. (3:130, 30:39 H
K_~_.)
PiH K_ Qx>H =_
=HO}=x O~ PiH G"`
~Ô J~wH
i~KO. #H> =` H_ =_x ^^= x+k~K. M` wH `` `

>, Ji>
=_x xO~ KO. > Laws J< `# Q~^~ XH PÔ #QOx
=i J~^ =_x x+k~K_. Ji> ''e>H J< `# Q~^~ ''_|
~k~K ^` =_ J`~` hK"# û J<_. =OH K@ ''^<O#
q^<H =_ Z~` H$ u qO^" # x Jx O<_.
76
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
XH" O}Q _ W|~^` `= `=`~> iu KH |_ =OH

J`xH J=Hq=~_. O}~ =K
=s=~zk. gO (q+ ~) Q ~K
Qe` Wk gH Z~` O" # k. gO~` z=iH ^=x xkH KO H
=# k#~ Qi~z
_~ _. (POA) u=HH J`# K H# HO H
i u
~ a ~ k. Z=iH Z~> J<~ [OQ^ . (280-281)
qO! gO U^< XH xs` HxHQ# JC WzKH=_~
Qi~z OO~ =>_H~> P q+x "ÒH~Q #"^
K H~_.55 J` O}`~ O=H Z=iH Z~> #+~ HQhH~_
a ` x|~^# =_ x+^~ Qi~z# Hx H K_~_:
''< [ h^ #~_ XH c^xH = Jz# _ =_H K
x
= x_ =i~KH _^ xH_ =_ fH#H_^ . (xO= H~_=-22:25)
''Jz =_ KH#@, = K@
@ =#Q # K _
|`H<? |`H_ . D HO= K# Q#Q P==Q xH =O} tH
qk~K=#. (*- 18:13)
H = =`~ O
JQQ}
_# =i< Ô =_x Qi~z O# q+ x
HO =O W O<_: ''=_ XH ^ OH . Wk O <#~ K ~ k. =#~ ^_
Q~_#, ~`H #, ^~Q# K~`= H^! =i D =_ fH< ix U~
K e? ix ">_ `H #iH"
e. (H@ 2= Q~-.652)
=_ x+^~ Qi~z a W~` +" # P^ L#>H <> H = , Jk
=`" #x, P[ H^x K|`<O.
=#$u H_ =_ x+k~K|_~k. =#= =_ rq`~ P^
~^ rqHQ
K|` }, H u =`~ P^
~^ `~ =_H z
r=#~ K O^x
J<_. (IV- 220)
=OH K@ ''x O+ H #~ (=_ i J#~ =~` =#~) Jx
O<_. J` P Ò ` Ô H O " H~ =_ =$ux Ô =`~
KO. Q PO Ô HO Z=O=i =^ Z~`~` =_ fH H_ xO
~KO.
D<_ p# =`q=h O`H =`" iq`=~ . W~
g@x>H a#~Q O`H, K`
H ~`#x "Y ix Qi~ k. ''P^~ J~k# Ò`
=m Z=O< HOxH _` O #OH~ =Òx f=~Q Ki~k.
55. O}^`H O}Q
Z~` #=H~ L#>H =~^*Q` H~ ^gA
O~KH=_~ K =~zk. ^gA H e H_ @He. nx= L

=^ ~|~^ =~Q L~>. ^gA O~KHH~_ Jz #C_
qk=` O}Q _ JC Ke~ KH ~_ ZQ" O}^`H [iy# D #xH ^=_
H_ ^ ` fH_. D ~Ô ~ Q ^= =H (~ ) W J<O:
Y~P< "=$Ò
(2. |Y~)
77
<~Q, x+H `~Q "e. ^=_ `#H <i#q^~ Q "e. J`#

^gA "_xH xOHi~KH _^ . ^ ` #|_# =H (O}Q _ )
=`" P q+~ K "~Ke. J`# `# x[=# ^=xH
_ ` xs` ==O~ Z~> `yO K H~_ "~Ke.

XH" JC fH< =H |k=~^~ H_, |#_ J
#@` ^ K "~K H x_` J`x ~OHH _ K <~Q
"~Ke. (D ==O~ Qi~z) g WÔ O+e H Q @
H~_. O+ WÔ a~KH ` XH O+_, WÔ
< K.
i XH =Oz ` O~_ J< QOK
~ k. H gH P"^
Q"# OQ L~_e. H ~H~ ez#C_ H xOHi~KH _^ .
Q_= x~~OK|_# O}==O~ z#^<^^< ^gAQ
~_~ J^ KH~_. Wk ^=x ^$+ Z~` <"# û.
Hq =_xH H_ K =~zû . ^x= gO Z~> J#=<H
# `=~_^ .
` gO O O~ Z>H C _ JH_HH _ [OH< H qH
q+~ ^gA HH< O^. gO OO~ O
X~^ HÔH<@C_ H ~ @H~_. ^gA =HH Q x,
HQ L~_ iHQx #+~ >~^. J~> #+~ U^< [iy`
gHk HO~Q i}q~ k. ^=xH
_ ` =H~_. K_~_,
P# gH Z~> =~z q+ <O `<_! ^=_ = q+
Ziy#_. (282)
''=_ q^ =H
^=_ "O@H ~>O. Hx ^=_ i "Oe P
H~K_ . XH_ , O j~x Jx è#>H P"H q_He=x =H. O~__,
(`# Jn#~ L#) J<^ _ H =H KO HH =~^ J`x Px
J`xH Jy~z# =H. =__, Z=iH< Jz ^xH H e @Hx =H.
Z~` J=O= ` ` JC K _x ^= =H (~ ) W+ _ O H^. XH
=H Ô ~< =O~ J=OQu (+ ^`) ~k#>H K# JC fOH`
=`~ ^=_ J`_ Hq ~K_x `~k.
''^= =O~ }i~z# =H h Hq ~K|_`, XH JC `
Px ^= =H (~ ) èO. (=~ )
P# XHi ''^"! <# ~, O}~ (i) #~_ h O}
HO`<#x
J<O. JC_ XH J#KO _ ''^= =H! gO ÒK Q O}~ #~_ O}
HO`<
Oq>? Jx J_Q_. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) =^#q ''=x+ JC # C_
=>_` J|^= _`_ Q#~ K ^x x@H_ J<O. (|Mi)
78
(2. |Y~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
gO }=
L#C_ ^gA "O a~KH ` U^<
== `H@> JC fH~_.56JK_ JC fH< =Hx
x*f O _x q~z `H@ H ~_< JC W O}Q ` x*fQ
^x (Q_ = fOQ<) O}^`H uiy Ke~ Ke. J`# `# x[ =#
^=xH _e. Hx ^KH_^. HO ^K_ P~Ò~
~H~` x~_`~k. gO K^~` ^=_ Q=x< L~>_. (283)
=H L# =~ ^=x^. gO g$^ L# ^x
|O` ~ K< , ^z< Z> iu # ^x Qi~z ^=_ g#~_ H
fH~>_. PÒ` P# `# `z# q^~ Q H~îx Hq _ . =i
H~îx tH _ . ^=_ uh K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. (284)
^= =H `# = #~_ `# J=ì~z# k=Q~^x q~K_.
JQ q H_. O~` ^=_, P# ^`#, P# Q~^#,
P# =H
# q < O. i J~>O:
''= P# =H Z=ih ^=~` K_=. (= ^$+
J~Ô ` =~`# =H
. 57 "= (^ [) q<=. ^x > < =.
! =H H=aH k~K. (z=iH) = h xkH uiy O=#
=. (285)
^=_ U =x+ H_ J`x HH q~z# O~ "_. u=H
~k~K H$`
~ P =HH a ~ k. J`x Ô O =#~ H_
J`< KqK_= L~@~k.
(qO! W i~K~_:) ''! "= =Oz U^< O@
K= ~> ^x @H . =H O~ Q` [ "# O~ = "H .
! "= x O~ =g^ " H. =@ =$^=Q =i~K.
= O @ >~ KHH. ==e Hq ~K, HxHi~K. h" =qq,
~OHH _q. JqH =uOH~ Q =H ~ K. (286)
56. =_ Z~> iu << x+^" (O~). z=iH `H@Q ># ==
Ô [#~ ~^_~ H_ x+^" . LÔ}H- Z=O< W `H@ > JC
fH~> O}^` P W~>H =K J^ Hx u~> =_ u#> J=`~k. J` `H@
== H~ YO@=# J=O= #C_ J~> ==OH D +O` #~_
q#~ L~k. L^/H- Z=O< Q^# `H@ _ O}^` P Q^# "_xH,
+~K_xH _| YOK = =~ k Q#H J`# ^x # _H=K.
57. q=OH 2:4, 2:136, 3:8384 H

K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
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79
3. W=< H@~|~ (PeW=<)

J=Ò} : =n<
H: 200
D J^x ''Pe W=< (W=< H@~|~) J~>O. W~^

<Q ~Q<. 1-32 H Q "^> ~Q~ | |^
^~ Ò` g H~< J=ì~z~k. 33-63 H Q O~_=
~Q~ rH~ 9= U@, #*< uxk =O~ =n< =z# ~Ô~
J=ì~z~k. 64-120 HQ =_= ~Q~ "^>~Q~ "=_#
H<H J=ì~z#@ QKi~k. 120 #~z z=i H =OHQ <=
~Q~ L^ ^~ Ò` J=ì~z~k.
^==H (~) `# KO` =H#~_ =n< ==z# Ò`
=n< =~ =^ PiH =`#~ H~_~k. =lO =~
H, J<O =~H =^ Ô~|~ê UOOz nx H~`"OH
JkQq~z#>H W~ =uOHH HOH =~H ^ `
<Q i}q~K. ^==H () =n< OQ< ^x iO ~`x
^ `Q` X~^~ KH<O. Hx |^ ^~ =H
Jq F_# Ò` P ^`Q
X~^x QOq~KH ~_
=~H =uOH~Q OHOH H@ #_~ O~a~KO.
=Y~Q |hM# M `Q D q+ ~ ^g i ~k. P `Q
^==H (~)# `=O_xH_ H@<O. ^~` ^==H (~)
P `Q ^_K ^x J}z"O. z=iH O ~k KHx ^x HO~
=n< =ê> O. J` |h#rO J< =O ^`Q =H |
Ô^H` K` He =~` KH# "f X~^x L~~K
_xH _~k. ix =~H =uOH~Q LQe~k. ^~` L^
^~ [iy~k. D ^~ ^QH, H@
q H_ =~ H
=uOH~Q ^+<Q <O. =O H~Ô =~x Hx |
#` = L^ ^~ "^@ W~=uOH H q[~
"y~k. W~> iu D J^~ (O) J=ì~z~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Je- -g. J (=`" J# PO^ ^= ~). P# `
=O^=_ _ . P# r=_, t`_, H
$+H PÔ `_. (1,2)
P< h ì`# D Q~^x J=ì~*_. Wk Q`
Q~^# ^$ gHi~k. nxH O~ =#oH <O~ K~^H =z#
Ò`, Wh Q~^# H_ P< J=ì~* _. P Ò ` P#
(``# "O K K D w@O ( O<) x J=ì~* _. H#H
^=_ ~# H q~K~^H xOHi~KiH J`~` Hi#tH
80
(3. PeW=<)
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` ^. ^=_ JO H ~ #_, ^+O=#~ KqK_#. =

Hx U== ^=xH H#OH~_ =OQQ^. P< ()QO
g OOYe `# `z# q^~ Q O~k~K_. JO H ~ #_,
J^` q"K< O _# P q ` (gH) =O PO^ _ _ . (36)
(=H!) P< h ($^
H~) D Q~^x J=ì~ *# _.
W~^ O~_OH H
<. XH>, (U=`~ ~kQxH PO~ x)
+" # H
. Wq Q~^xH =`$H =~>q. (J~> Q~^ O~).
O~_, J+"#q. =H|kHO H $+~K L^~` ZC_
J+"# H "~> _Ò. >H xx JO Pk~K_xH
uO . x*xH > J =~ ^=xH ` =O=iH è^. nxH
a#~Q q+ i*#~ ` A
# O ''"= g>x #=`<=.
W=h = = #~_ =z#" Jx J~>O. x*xH U q+ ~ Ô<<
|k=~` Q}O~ <O H~>O. (7)
(i "_H~>O:) ''! h= =H (XHi) <O~ K#
Ò ` uiy = $^ e =H=O~ " x=H. h xk #~_ =H
HO}~ k~K. h" Q (HO}) ^`=. ! XH OA h=
=#=~^s =" OK
# <=. POA ` H~_ =~ k. ^=_ `#
Q<x Z#>H gO_ . (8,9)
`x uO i~KiH (POA) ^=x =H~ i ~`#~, i
~^ Z~`=`~ LQ_=. O #OHyH q^ Ò.
O hH, iH O~ Q` ` uOOH Z~> Qu >~ ^ giH
H_ J^ Qu _~k. O = H#, K## uOi~KO.
`è`~Q ^=_ ix i JH$` HO}~Q @H<_. ^=_
J`~` Hi# ~Q tH~ K_. (10-11)
(==^!) iH K: ''gO Ò< On# ( =
H< xH$+~ Q) #OH~ " `|_Ò. #OH~ Ju K_ x
~. (12)
O O~ `_# O~_ =O Q}O~ Qi z gH Wk=OH
(|^ ^~ ) QKi~K. J~^ XH=O~ ^= =O~ O_ik.
O~_=O~ ùOOk. KO `= H~ P ^$x KO.1
1. |^ ^~ ` xH "=~k L~>, =~ ^ 313 =~k
=`" L<O. ` xH~îH i_ < L<. =~ ^ H
O~_ Q~, _| X~> =`" L<. XHH X~> =QO , #O
KC# HOx }~ K = =z~k. J>H H~Ô He#_H y~K=
=z~k. `= Ys^# tO}, ^H = K î ~z L~>, =~ ^ H
Y~P< "=$Ò
(3. PeW=<)
81
JC_ Jq =O~ q =OxH O>~ ~Y L~^x O

Q~KO. ^=_ `# `KH#ix `# HO Ô
|`~ K_ . H #iH D ~ @# Q Q}O~ L~k. (13)
, ~`#~, "~_ |~Q~O O, "*u QO, ~^,

^= (=Q~) ""== =#=H =<O"#qQ
K |_ Hx W^~` WH~ =< =K@Q W=|_# r=#
=y =`" . +" # (`) x~ ^=x ^QO a ~ k. (14)
iH KC: ''g>H~> Z~` +"# ==q> gH K<?
H
Hi H~ (K>
) O =~K O= < ^~ Q
L<. JH_ O ` rq`~ Q_ Ò. Q iHH _ D_-*_,
`_-h_Q q` KO 2 H_ L~>O. Jx>H< q~z ^=x # `
Q~ = =`~k. ^=_ `# ^ "Y ix F H~@ Q=x< _. (15)
O Dq^~Q "_H~>O: ''! "= (x#, h =H#)
q~K~. = `C =x~K. ==e #OHy #~_ OH~K. gO
#jO, O z
`
, ` =~`, OA=O# , q#=, ^#jO,
Ou z=i _ ^=_ H= aH "_ H<O. (16-17)
`# ` =O PO^ h_ _x ~Q ^=_ H q< _.
O H= ~`_, =q"H J# P# ` =O^=_ _x ^= ^`,
hu=~`# *#~# H_ H q< O. (18)
^=x ^QO (P"k`) Ô ~ W~ =`" .3 Hx Q~^ [ `=H
*#~^ a~z#>H, OO~ q^ _ =~H`#~` W~>
KbKx P^` O} O~Q~H kQ= =z~k. ` xH H~_ uiy#
|_ HQ, =~ ^ î^~ = #H#H_ H_`, |HzH#
sO` L<O. ` xH `= xH~ Y#, P^ Hx KHx qOgQ`,
~Hi, D ", O q, _` K` @ _~KH~@,
fHO~` L_H ` O~Q~H kQO. =~ ^ Ô ~< H ~`, ^=x
g^ O~ , Px J#H}~ i, O# K, L >
^ ^ #~H J_Q>O . nx|> D O~_ H U H~ <O~ L~^
<~, Ô ~ Z=i H # L< JO~ K H=K.
2. O~_= J^~ 25= HH K~k# ^ zH K_~_.
3. ^=_ XH_ J#C_ =#= WO
H~ P# K
r=# Ô ~ H_ XH> JL~_e. J~`Qx H~îH XH Ô ~, =iH~îH ^xH
qO^~ Q L~_ q+ ` H_# =OH Ô ~ xOt ~K_ . O O qO^ q+ `
H_# qa# =O# xOt ~K_~ J<k =#= W~y` *<xH H_ qO^" .
82
(3. PeW=<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Ô x H^x qa#=O J=~a~KO. ^= H

# uO i~z#ix
^=_ Ò< xn H fH~>_. (19)
(==^!) gOQ#H h` ^#H ky` ''<#, < J#KO ^=xH
q^
=. Jx +~ Q KC . Q~^ [#, xOHO # ''=i
gO H_ W~ Hi~z (^=xH) q^
Ò? JxJ_Q. gO Q#H
W~ Hi `H~_ <O~ ~^Ò. (D=@) J~wHi~KH`
(h), ^= ~^~ J~^*
_" hx. ^=_ [ (KO )# (F H~@)
Q=x< L
<_. P< `#^ `^ i ==O~ KH~>_. (20)
H~Ô ^=x P[e kH i~K_" QH, P# =H
#, hu <e
Qi~z =>_ ix H_ J<~Q K~`<O. J~> ÔO
H
^HO" # #OHt H L~^x O qx~K! O ~ K~, O
H~
HO h =O ~ K
H# =O
. iHH Z=O _
O . (21-22)
Q~^ (*#)~ H~` Q~ W=|_#ix K_. i=^ UO_#
q^# i+i~K~^H ^= Q~^~ (YOP<) " ~ >, i XH
=O~ uOO =~` Z =Y~ uCH~@~^ K_ nxHO}~ O,
#OHy `=# XH> O~_ OA ` `H<< `H^x q~K_" . Ô ~
q+~ O He~KH# =_#=H ix W "xH Qi
K<. `xiQ =zfO () k<# ix =" Oz#C_
i Qu U==`~^! P OA u =x+H J`x ~^#H `y# u
"
a ~ k. Z=iH Z~> J<~ [OQ^ . (23-25)
(qO!) W i~K~_: ''^! (q) =*kf ! h= `K
H# iH O*x k=: `KH# i #~_ O*x T_
O H`=. JQ h= Hi# q^~ Q H~îH QO=u+
J#Q =
=iH~îx O=~ =. Jx q^ " h Ku< L<.
x~^ ~Q h= u h K Q =O_ = , O H= ~`_=. h" Oux
Q>

H, Q>
x OuH " _`<=. JQ h= xs= =~#^#~_
r==~#^x, r==~# ^#~_ xs==~#^x "eHf=. h"
`KH# iH W`kH~ Q Lkx=. (26-27)
^=_ =#oH u Q~# xO
~z# OA=O~ ''W~ =`" . Q`
^= =H
k~z# Ô ~ H_ W~ Ô ". n< <O~ , ~u=O~ , ^= q^
`
=O~ J#~>O. O~_ a~^=e He O O Y XH OY =`" J=`~k. JQ
^_ ^ x KO H=_xH L~_ Ju ^Qi î, OA=O~ H_ XH>. qye#
OYh =HOY
, qye# =Oh J=O J=`. >x J#i~K O
O
H~ O~Q #+ Ò. (3:85 H K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(3. PeW=<)
83
qO! gO `>qe H^x (W~H |^q O^ # ) Jq

` ~ K H~_. J Ki` ^=xH Z~> ~|~^~ L~_^ .
J` ~"k~ #~_ ` ~KH=_xH H J~> Y i J=~a
J~^ `C ^ . ^=_ q=e `## Qi~z
_< _. z=iH
gO~` P# xkH =Oe ==~k. (28)
(=H! i`) W J#: ''gO U q+ "< O g J~Ò~ Q
^KH<, H |>H e|z< ^=_ ^x ` H~_ `H~>_.
=Hx =~ Uk ZH_~^ J~` P#H `. P# H
q+ JkHO~ Hey# JO H ~ #_. (29)

u =x+ `# KH# } (e`)# `H~Q `#
=~^ KH< OA ''`#H, D xH =^ P=_ Ô~ L~>
Q~_! Jx q_. ^=_ `## Qi~z q=e _<_.
P# `# ^ q+ ~ Jq` ^ =_. (30)
iH KC : ''gO x[~Q ^=_ Ja=x~ > ## J#i~K~_
^=_ q=e Ja=x_ g Hq _ . ^=_ Z~` Hq ~K
_, HO }~K_. KC : ''^=x P[e, =H `=e >~K~_. g>x
uO i QO~ KH~_, ` uOOe ^=_ Z#>H q~K_ . (31,32)
4
^=_ =`~K~ #~_ P^~#, ##, W~ H@~x,
W=< H@~x (^= ^`~ H~) ` H~Q Z#H<_. i H~Ô
H~î ~`#~. ^=_ =~ q<_, O ~ Ziy#_. (33-34)
(D ~ @# QOK H) W=< (=~ ) ^=_ "_ H~@ '' !
< QO ~ L# t=# hH J~H`~ K < #. ~zH ==OH D
t=# Ô~Q L~K`#. <#~_ nx Hi~K. h" (J~î "O)
PH~K_= Jh Ziy#_= Jx J#k. (35)
P" P_
# q ~z# Ò` '' ! (<# =Q _#H~>)
P_ >~^!J#k. P" H#^q> ^=xH Q`. =Q_
P_
=~>_ H_ . ''<h H =O~ Jx O>#. D"#, D"
~`<x Q _ # +`< i# _H ~_ h OH}
W< # J#k
P". (36)
4. WH_~z O~_= ~ Q~ O~= 63= H =OH Q`~k. W~
JOa J~`> ~K K# Hx~K_~ ` #*< #~_ 60 =~k H = =`
<H ^= =H (~ )# HH=_xH =n< =KO. P ~Ô ~ iH
`^ K _xH ^=_ 33 #~_ 60 =OH Q H
# J=ì~* _.
84
(3. PeW=<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P`~` ^=_ P eH# ~`+~Q Hi~z, KH Q ~z +~

K_. (H<H) [Hi# P"H ~OHH xQ xq~K_. [Hi
P" O# QkH "t ~z#C_ JH_ PO^ O ` H" L~_q.
Jk K (FOA) ''=O~! hH PO~ ZH_~z =~k?J#_Q_ J`#
(PO~Q K) . ^xH" ''^=x ^QO ~z =~k. P# `# `K
H#iH W`kH~ Q PO~ k_ Jx =^# qz~k. (37)
JC_ [Hi `# =# "_ H~@ '' ! h xk #~_ <H
L`= ~`#~ k~K. h" (<) "OH~K_q J<_. J`#
O#Qk x|_ O# K~_Q< ^=^` =z J`_ eKO:
''[Hi! ^=_ hH (_`_x) O è* < _. J`#
^=x #~_ "=_ XH "} (D =H)x ^$=O_. Q J`#
<H` H}
` ` Z~` xQ H H_ L~>_ ^= =H
J=`_ [# iQ}~ K|_`_ Jx KO O. (38-39)
JC_ [Hi '' ! <H _ Z __ ? <# =e}
#. <O K Q_!! J<_. ^xH ''JQ Wk [OQ`~k.
^=_ `# `z# x K fO`_ Jx =^#~ =z~k. (40)
''J` ! D q+ ~ <H^~< K# xO
~K J<_
[Hi. ''h= =_ OA^H Q
` ` [` =>_
= . (P
=_ OA) h= h=# g#~` ZH=Q i L~_.
(=Y~Q) L^ ~, ~`~ P# q``# Hx_` L~_Jx
(^`) K~. (41)
P Ò ` ^= ^` =O~` ''=O~! ^=_ x# (F =Y"#
x H~) Z#H<_. x# i^ i K_. =`~K = hH
J`kH ^#qz `# = H~ xq~K_. H#H =O~! hqH h
=H q^
Oe=~ L~_. P# xk ~Q_ ` L~_.
"Hi i` @ h= "Hie ^#~ K = ~_ Jx J<O. (42-43)
=H! W^~` "= hH kq+$u (=) Ô J~^* # O
=KO~. "q è* H` hH = ~ Z `~ k? =O~H
~OHH _Q Z=O L~_< q+ x xO
~K~^H Ô HO
`=`=
H qi#C_, i =^ q^~ KOy#C_ h=H_ =. (44)
^= ^` W J<O: ''=O~! ^=_ hH `# " #~_ XH'}H
~|~k~z# O qx< _. J`x O =O~ H=O_# = D.
J`# WH~#, OH~# QO=h_=`_. ^=x^~
~k#i XH_ `_. Q èX _ L#C_, PÒ` iy ^ _
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(3. PeW=<)
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#C_ J`# [` =>_ `_, ` O+_Q =i`_. (45-46)

=O~ D=@ qx (H~QO_ `) '' ! <H _ Z __ ?
## U O+_ `H<< `H^ ! ! J#k. ''JQ Wk [iy fO`~k.
^=_ `# `z# ^x $+~ KQ
_. P# XH x K ^KH#C_
'J J~> K, Px [iy`~k. ^=_ J`xH Q~^* <x, q"Hx,
Ò`, Wh Q~^ *<x H_ <O `_ J<O ^= ^`. (47-48)
^=_ J`_ `# =HQ xq~z W ~ù [ ^QO H
~_. (J`# ^==HQ i ^QOH "o W J~>_:) ''<# g
= #~_ gH~ Hx K# `K#. WC_ g =~^ =>`
H PHO~ Q = K J~^ Qe T^`#. Jk ^" [` r=HQ
=O`~k. <# ^=x P[` @Q _x , +~ yx #O K# =$è
H_ |uH#. gO U"q u~>O, g W~_ U"q x=K
L~KÒ J~` gH è*#. gO q~KO` g> g H~
Q xÔ <<. (49)
''<H O~ =z# Ò` Q~^x ^$ =O < #. Q`~ gH x+
k~K|_# Hx ==e Ô=`~ K_xH_ =K#. <# g
^QiH g =H ~|~k~z# +"# x^~< fHK#. H#H
J H
_~ _. ## J#i~K~_. J <H ", gH ".
H#H Px =`" POk~K~_. W^ (
xH) O# =O~ . (50-51)
D (=H) i Jq^
`, Jq Ô} K ''^= =O~
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(t+) W J<O: ''"= ^=x (=O~ gH `_Q xeK)
H~. "= ^=_ q < =. P#H q^
(== )
=. nxH g~ H. ! h= J=ì~*# ^x (k=Q~^x)
q < O. h ~^ O_ J#i~K_xH_ "= ^~ Q L<O.
= O (` )H *a` . (52-53)
`x uO i~z#O (D# K~_xH) XH H <O. ^=_
=OH <_. ^=_ J~îH< Q H O _. (54)
JC_ ^=_ (D`) W J<_: ''D! <xC_ x# < ^Qi H
O~KH~>#. < "#H Z`H~>#.5 x# kHi~z#i (^+
5. WH_ =+ JOc ''=`= J< ^~ =z~k. '`= J~> H
i~K_~, "#H fH=_~, = K_~ Jx aH JO<. D ^x
L=#~Q fHx JOc, LO + Kx=_~ Jx H_ _Ò. =#
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J#i~z# iH
~ =OH PkH ` x#. z=iH gO~` < ^Qi H
uiy=O . JC_ <# g=^ UO_# q^ # Qi~z fO K|`#.
Jq "Yi J=~a~z# ùOOe W@ ~K~#, J@
OH~# Hi#~Q tH#. WH O Z~> O ~Ô.
`Q <@ H_ H#=_~ J< ^x L=#~Q fHx Kx=_~ J<
JO~ _`=. J~`Qx aH JO~ H# =_~ J~> Kx=_~ H^.
JQ =`= q+ ~ H_ WH_ ^x aH =" fH=_~ [iy~k. JO>
D ^x W~w+ ^"# Recall J< JO~ y~K_~ [iy~^#=@.
=Y YOP< J#^H D ^xH K# J#^ Q=x~K~_:
''D! <# x# iQ fH~>#, x# < " #H Z`H ~>#.
(J= W HO )
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(=< J+ Je ^#q)
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(=< J| P =^k)
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=O}~ Jx J#=k~K^ . J~` Jk W~ =eH qxH =u~HO Q#H P#
H>
' ` ~ Jx O~. Dq^~ Q P# D (J ) PH~ #~_ uiQz#
Ò` [=O}~ ~^Ò# x i~* O. "`~ g^ J#^H ~`
D (J )x ^=_ r=~Q, s O~Q H Z`H <_# JO~ < J#=k~KOx
+= =`~k. (q=OH 4:157,158 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(3. PeW=<)
87
q~z Ò K# iH iu
~ iQ a ~ k. ÔOe
^=_ Z#>H q~K_ . (55-57)
"= g=~^ i # D H
J<H K#, (H ì~K)
=# L<. ^=x ^$+ D [# P^~ [# ~>^. ^=_
P^ # =>` $l~z 'J Jx P^t~KQ< J`# O~k LxHH
=K_. (==^!) Wk h = " #~_ gH è* |_`#
` ~. H#H h= ~H~Ki KOH . (58-60)
"=~ Qi~z# *#~ h ^QiH =z# Ò` H_ h` Z=O<
^#H ky` iH KC : ''O~_ (=}~ K^~), "= = Oe
~. gO H_ g Oe KH~_. P Ò ` =#=~Ô~
H, J` ~ eH i ^=x Ja~ (PQ ~ qOKH) _ QH Jx
i^~.6 (61)
W=h ÔQ ^
. J ` =O^=_ _ . P# JO H
~#_, Jq` H O _. O Q#H (D +O` =}~ K _xH)
J~wHi~KH ` (h), huxi ~Qu ^=xH Q `. (62-63)
"iH KC 7 : ''Q~^[O! gH =H =^ L=_Q L# XH
=~z q+ x J~wHi^~ O~_, =#~ J # ` =~=ih POk~K
H_^ . P#H > He~KH _^ . =# Z=O J # ` WÒ e
=Q, +H _Q Hi~KH _^ . nxH_ O~wHi~KH ` ''"=
=~ ~ (J H q^
~). nxH gO H Jx iH KC . (64)
Q~^[O! gO W~ q+~ Z~^H kO? Ò`,
Wh Q~^ P# "o Ò ` J=ì~K H^! gH =`~ *#~
^? gH è# q+ # Qi~z Z@ gO k< L<O. WH
U=`~ gH èx q+ x Qi~z J#=O~ Q Z~^H kO ?
(= ~ Uq>) ^=xH =`" `, gH è^. (65-66)
W~ ^_ H^, H=_ H^. J`# J~^s =ê XH
^=xH =`" J~H`" # OA=O# _. |^ O^H _ H^.
W~ x`=x KC H< H J`_ J#i~KiH =`"
6. #*< #~z =z# H = uxk =O~ D # ZÔH ~k.
O `= O
# fHx =}~ K _xH
_O . nx |> =`
H= [Q`< kK~k# D =`<HH `= =`~ g^ #=H~ ^x
JO| =~^ O_ J~k.
7. WH_~z ^# L^t ~z J=ì~z# H
O~= =`.
88
(3. PeW=<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
L~k. J~> D=HH , (W`_ ) q~z#iH =`" W~` ~|~^~

L~_ H~k. q~z#iH ^=x OH}
, ~ a. (67-68)
(=~ O!) Q~^ [ (J~> ^) H~Ô q=e OA
=O~ #~_ ` ~KQO`<O. x*xH O `=# `= ` =O=ih
î ` ~KO . Hx P ~Qu O Q ~KH `<O. (69)
Q~^[O! gO ^=x H, K## ~Q Qi~z
#>H >x Z~^H xOHi< O? Q~^ [O! gO ``#
HQQ~ K `x Z~^H J#=<^~ K < O? = ~ è
H_ `x Z~^H ^K`<O? (70-71)
Q~^[ HO^~ OO~ H_|H~@ ''q J=`
i~z# ^x gO L^ ~ q~z(#@ #>~z) ~`xH uO
i~K~_. Dq^~Q ix =#~ =O+ KQ~ Jx KC
H~>O. (72)
J~`H^, ''=# =` e ` =O=ih =#~ #=H_^ Jx H_
O OO~ KCH~>O. (==^!) iH KC: ''=OÔH`=~>
J ^=x =O^ O H` ". J# K^ OA=O~ . Q`~ gH W=
|_# (Ò`, Wh) =~>^ (WC_) WÒ H_ W=|_~^~> Jk ^=x
J#Q ~. gH =uOH~ Q g = xk =i~K_xH WÒ H
|# H ~ (YOP<) a~z~^~> Jn ^=x J#Q ".
D q+~ H_ KC: ''#`, QO ^=x Ku< L<.
P# >x `# `z# iH J#Q _ . ^=_ OQ` _, O ~
Ziy#_. P# `# Hi#ix `# HO}~ HOH ` H~KH~>_.
^=_ Q J#Q je. (73-74)
Q~^ [ H~Ô x*fO H_ L<O. i ^QO gO
^ OK
_ xH Z~`^ ^# Ot L~z< O ^x ^`^~ Q uiyO .
JQ i H~Ô "~_ > H_ L<O. i^QO gO #q
XH O ^z >< O, <ug ^ HO~> ` O ^x uiy=O.
D O. J~> (J=_
Y~P< "=$Ò
(3. PeW=<)
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z=iH
k<# i " H< u H_ K__ . ix i^ i K H
J~`H< ^ . iH (#OH~ ) =î `" # ~tH _ `~k. (76,77)
Q~^ [ H~Ô `= i # k (^= ) Q~^~ x^#x q=e
#q~K_xH <H "eH u i O . Hx O i~ Kk (^= )
Q~^~x q+ H=. Oq ^=_ J=ì~ *#=x K|Ò.
x*xH Jq ^=_ J=ì~ *# q H=. O = ~ è H_ ^=x
g^ J|^ "`<O. (78)
^=_ XH =x+H Q~^~ , O*kHO~, ^= ^`~ k~z#C_,
P =H [` gO ^=_ =ê `#H H
Q =O=x J#_~ `Q^ .
^xH |^ ''gO (^=) Q~^x ([H) k<O, ~Q
i < O H_. J~^= gO (g) =H qh~# ^Q
O~^~_ Jx J~>_ J`#. (79)
J~`HH~_ gO ^= ^`#, ^= =H
# ^=Q K Hx JOk~
K~_x H_ J`# [` J#_. gOHi =~ # Ò ` uiy
JqY
i J=~a~K=x J`<
K Q_? (80)
^=_ `# =H #~_ fH# DQ#~ Qi~z Pz~K~_.
P# W J<_: ''<# gH Q~^x, qHx k< #. P Ò `
gH=|_# Q~^x ^$gHi O =O =H = J`_ gO q~z
J`xH ~ K = L~@~k. W J# `~` ''=i nx gO
J~wHi< O? <# g "# D =}^ `# gO Hi< O?
Jx J_Q_ ^=_. 8
^xH ^==H ''P.."= J~wHi<~, Hi<~ J<O.
JC_ ^=_ J<_:''nxH gO H Q L~_~_. g`@ <#
HQ L~>#. WH Z=O `= Q<x ~QO~ O hux
ÔO
(81-82)
=Hx = KOKO W+= < H < ^=xH ~y
P# Ô xH H@|_ L<. z=iH JO^~ P# ^Qi H K~ H=
LOk. J~@C_ gO ^=_ ~# Ô~ H^x =O Ôx HO
8. ^=_ `# =H
#~_ fH# DQ#~ i J#KO H_ =i ~ k.
nx HO~ ^, H = `==H
J=ì~z# Q~ê ^$ gHi =z#
J~u= ^= =H ==^ ()# q~K= L~k. q~KH ` O O
H
<#~ q = =~^ <O
Q x|_=# û UO_`~k.
90
(3. PeW=<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
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Q~^x W~, W, WM, Y, i ~`#~
J=ì~z# ^# # =, D, W~H WÒ =H
~îH i =
#~_ a~z# >x H_ "= q~K~. "g ^= =H
Z=ih
^ =~` K_=. (=^$+
O~` ` =~`# ^= =H
. 9 "=
P#H =~ (q^
) J=. (83-84)
Z=~ (WO\) ^= q^
`=~O (WO) H^x W`~ rq` q^<#
(JO> W" `~ ^` #) J=OaOKQ~`~ "\x Z#\H P"kOK_O
[~Q^ . PO\"~ ~
HO ~OQ #+ `~. (85)
(`x) XHi qOz# `~ "`, uiy Jq "Y
i J=OaOK
u~~ ^=_ <~O Z K`_? g~ Dx ` =H Jx
H O _ Wz L<~. "i =O^ `y# P^~, =} _
=K~. (J~< "~ `= à~ ^~} =#H^ .) JO\ ^~~
^=_ Z#\H <~O K_. ^=x JaO, =` ^=^`,
=#= p`~O "i _ Òk. W^ "iH `y# u
O. (86,87)
"~ Z _ O, p`~H Q~~ LO\~. "iH qkOK tH#
`yO K_O Qx, HO ` J=HO W=_OQx [~Q^ . J~` P `~`~<
"~ Ò KOk `= #_=_H ik^ O> (=Ozk). ^=_ Hq OK
"_, H~}OK"_. nxH a#OQ qOz# `~"` Jq "Yi
J=~a~z P Jq~< _H @H ix ^=_ Z#>H Hq ~K_ .
i `~ Hi~K|_^ . O O= =O +
. (88-90)
Jq"Yi J=~a~z, Jqu< Ti =kO #OHtH
#~_ H_H=_xH (iO~Q) =~_=~` |~QOqz< Hi~K
|_^ . iH =î `" # tH _ `~k. WH ix Z=O P^HO . (91)
(qO!) gO Jq`~Q q~K>x `~ (^==O~)
qx y~K#~` =OH gO Ô O} HO .10 gO (^= =O~ )
Uk qx y~z< Jk ^=xH `. (92)
9. q=OH 2:4,136,285 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
10. Ô}~Q [ O# , ^#~, ^= <= O}, Q~^ O}~, L
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== #< `Q~ K x, JC_ =x+ ^=x ^$+
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Y~P< "=$Ò
(3. PeW=<)
91
Ò` Q~^~ J=Ò}

H O~ W (Y =H) `#H`#
Hx == e x+k~KH<_. Jq ` (==^ +sJ` Ô =`
"# ) D PO^ Oh Q`~ W ~ùH H_ Ô =`~Q
L~_q. ix W J_Q: ''gO x*fO ` Ò` fHz J~^
U^< q+ x (PÔ~Q) K~_. (93)
(gO Z~> P^~O KO . J~> g ^# xOÔ=~#^x
è~k.) P Ò` H_ Z=~~< J|Ô He~z ^x ^=xH
Pk~z#@` O J ÔO
. (94)
==^! "iH =@ KC : ''^=_ K ~^ x[~. H#H gO UHQ
z`
~ W~ q^<x J#i~Ke. W~ ^=xH >He ~Ki
H=H K~k#_ H^. (95)
=#=H~ xi~K|_# "@"
^> PO^< ~ =H L#^.
(HQ$~.) Jk Z~` ^=~#k, =` =#oH =OÔH
=~#k. (96)
J~^ (H #iH) J<H K# L<. P K# W~
(O# H~ x|_) K\H>. J~^ (HQ$~) "t ~K u =x+H
~f, OH}
a~. JH_H KO HQeQ O ^x qkQ ~î~Ke.
(J~> * Ke.) Wk [ ^=xH# H. D P[# tO=
~K_xH xOHi~K_ ^=_ xOHO _x `He. (97)
Q~^ [O! gO ^=x He Z~^H uO i< O? ^=_ g
K+
x>x Q=x< L<_. ix J_Q: ''Q~^ [O! gO qe
^= =O~ #_=hH~_ Z~^H P@~H $+ < O? O <O~
L<Ox è H_ gO ix î ` ~K E< O~^H? ^=_
g KO e Q=x< L<_. (98-99)
qO! Q~^[ XH =O~ K =@ Q#H q~> O
q=e JqQ =i"O . gH ^=x H
=>=>H Kkq
qx~K_~ [OQ`#k. g =^ ^= =H H_ L<_. J~@C_
gO JqY i Z J=~a~KQ
O? J (Q~^~ )# Q>Q @H <
(J~> #=H<) O ` H~_ <O~ L~>O (100-101)
qOz# [O! gO ^=xH
_= # q^~ Q
_~ _.
(^=xH iQ J~H`" # ) =~ Q L# u ` (=~ WÒ u )
KxH~_. (102)
92
(3. PeW=<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
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11. XHC _ qa# =OQ, `Q
Q, HQ pe J<H ``, J~`H
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~k. H~, Q`~, *u, ~`~,
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ukH O~^s XH Q_Q H~kH Ki~k. J~^= =~ W~ =,
^x ~< H$+ xO~Ò~ x=QL
~_e. J^ i r=# ^ ~. D ^ x
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H=_~ H~ Q_ ` i " H ` #ye uiy q^ _ `.
''gO O O~ H~KHH~_. J K g JÔ ~, |#` K@
K H~> g |~ (H}
~ z) `~k. (Y~P<8:46), (8:73 _ K_O_.)
^= =H (~ ) g_* ~Ô ~ W J<O: ''*Q`! gO ==
L~_ H_ < `^# ~Ò~ _ #OH< JqQ =OH~ _. (|Mi)
XH =~ `> =~ x ^+~K_= ~> ^=xH Jq^
` K_ ( ) Jx,
J`x` ^~ K _=~> ^=_ kH i~K_ (H) Jx J<H n L~k.
''Z=O< XH =~ `> =~ x `=i ^x O =#~ #OH= =`~k.
J`# (~`H _) J~^< _ L~>_. ^=_ J`_ PQ _ , _ . J`x
H~ ÔO t H ^~ K |_L~@~k. (k=YOP<- 4:98)
XH sH ^ ~H |> ^_ H< J~Ò` H J`~` =^HO
# q. |> #~z Zx ZÔ< , J~Ò` ~ Q >+ ~ Q L#C_ P s ^
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H_ Z~` L#`~Q L~_x, s (Ô ~) J~`Q =Y~x J` q+
OH` q^ H Jf`~Q "O q ^$H^~ J=OK Hx W~ k~k.
s x|~^< =ox, ^x HOKO}
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s x|~^< =o, ^x HOKO}
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H#H HOHO
O O~ H~KHx, =OQ pe `#H KK JQ` ~ ^ .
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x|~^< =o (YOP<)x XH JkHO }
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J` D<> HOHO
(=~ ) s =eH `H Ô=, qa#
=OQ, =OQ pe XHOHO #OH< û H kQ*iO. `> HO
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(3. PeW=<)
93
OO~ `=Q L#C_ ^=_ g $^# He_. P#

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J~KH Ki#C_ P# q=e H__. Dq^~ Q ^=_ q=e
<O~ #_~^H `# H
q_=Oz k < _. (103)
g XH=O~ ([e) =~z " H eKO, Ò K =x
P*~ KO, K_ #~_ i~KO ` H~_ L~_e.12 J~>~
HO
# QOq~K_~ J L~z, "i |O^ K_ xH, "ix Jx q^ J}Q^H
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^x HOKO}
q^#~ Q> #=H~, i J=Q# H =_" .
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* _xH Z< K# WKO. Hx K# WH_ Lî< ~:
''=~ OO~ XHi` <HO He >+"# H@_~ O~^Ò.
J~^x XH Q~ =OH QxH |~ KH O`~k. (|Mi)
''=` =~ u ^~ ~>k. P ^~ XH H~>H ^ Hey`, P
^# `~ ^ ~ ~KH~@~k. Ô` sO=O` `_ e `~k. (=~ )
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H_ _H~ _. ^= Ô! gO~` O O~ J#^=Q (Ô =~`)
rq~K~_. `> =~ Ô x` =_ OAH< q~z =>_H ~_ L~_@~
U =HH Ô =`~ H^. (|Mi)
''h= h =~ Ô_ HH~> J`xH ~ K. J`# q~^H
Px P P<x Hi~K. J`# h Ô U^< ~ Hi` J`xH ~
K. J`# `q 'J =e (H
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U =H x[# q H_ . (|Mi, =~ )
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(Z#>H) Ô# ~ K _ J`_ Ô# O xH Jy~K_ H_. Z=O `# Ô x
J=O fO # x=Q_ L~>_, ^=_ J`x J=O fO ^ ` f
H~>_. Z=O (`>)=~ H =z# H XH Hx Ô~K_
k<#
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K`_,
k<# ^=_ J`x O@# (#) H K`_. (|Mi,
=~ ) (n~`@ 49:10 H, ^x ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
12. D H
=~ rq` H ~ Uq> +~ Q K |_~k. nx|> u
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94
(3. PeW=<)
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(WO
H)
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>H O O~ qk ~KHx qa# =OQ pe#i gO HH~_.
J~> iH O # (#OH) `# HKHx L<. (104-105)
H~î =M (P#~^``) Ht L~_Q, =iH~î
=M (>_ ^Y~`) #|_ (
) k<# ^=_ =_#
=Mix L^t ~z ''Uq>, gO q~z# `~` =m Jq
O? J` g JqxH O =#~Q (#OH) `# KqK_~_
Jx J~>_. J~` H=~`# =MO ^=x J#QQ~
(O~ ) ~^Ò. OH _ HH~ (Y~``) L~>O. (106-107)
Wq ^= H
. g>x hH ^`^~ Q qx < =. ^=_ ~ K
=#=H Z#>H J<~ K _. =H L# O ~ ^=x^.
= ==O z=iH P# =H~ < " @|_`. (108-109)
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i Jx>H~ > J` q~ (D=<) H~kH
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(3. PeW=<)
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`~ qq^ K_ ` Ô~ ^ += .
J~`H~ > qKOHO " # q+ ~- Ô ~< ^ ` xO~K=# =~
=[~ H_ D K_ HOH~k. W~> iu îH, =lH $
Hey# =~ K_ # `~K, =~zx ~K ^ ` =i~` JkH= ~k. D xx
Q#Q xO~KH ` =[ `<xH ^=x =H~ ^ # ^ "O J=Ò.
(2:142 H, ^x ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
=h ==^ (~ ) D q+ x F Ò}~ Ô W q=i~KO:
''^=_, XH Tix P Ti[` ` H~^ K =x lc (J )x
P*~ K_. [` lc (J ) P Tix K=z ' ! JH_ XH H}
~ H_
hH Jq^
` Kx h ^_ H_ XH_ <_ H^ (< J`x =Y~ U<_
(PQ ~` H
<) *=i~K^ . H#H WÒ ` @ J`_ H_ He "`~
Tix ` H~^ K Jx ^=_ =m P^t~K_. (q`)
=*=~` + >
#C_, ^x ~i~K `~ K H~_ =H
Q` Ò = Z~> [#~ ^x D n q=i~k. J~`H^, J~>
+ = [~ qOKH_ ^= tH #~_ =HQ ` Ò` `$ _ =~ H_
` ~KHOx Wk @~ K~k. (7:164-165, 8:25 H
H_ K_~_.)
. U"# >H ^=_ =#= #~_ i =HQ ` ^KO}

# =`"
HO_~ ^ . P# HO`# J q+ ~- ~ ~O}H xO~Ò H$+, Ô ~
#H Z_`Q x O@~. W K # C_ =~ =[~ + = [~ J#|_`~k.
^= =H (~ ) ~ ~O} =Y~ `` eH# H K_~_:
''< }~ U H Ox Jn#~ L~^ P ^=x H! gO ([#)
Ò K =x J^t~K, Ô #~z i~K #~< K e. ^ ^=_
g tH# < k~K`_. JC_ gO Z~` "O@H < P# g "O
PH~K_ . (q`)
''U *u K_ |` P *u L~_ ~O}=O ~ HO
^x ~i~KH ` ^=_ P *u [~î U^< tH k~K =~ P#
=~^x "O `He. (q`)
D O~_ n =[ ~O} P=H`# =i~` <H K|`<.
=[ ~O} Ô ~< ^ `x Q" . J~^= =~ =[~
|e `# K_ e K K` =_KHx HO=_xH g^ .
^==H UHÔ^# x<^q "@"^@ O~a~z# HO~ W^.
=*x > _~ K =Y# K_ H =uOH~ Q O L^=~ =n P K_ e
J=~a~K, ~* ix f=~Q q=i~KO. O~ ` *u *u
~O ~, î^_
=~> OQ` L~_q. ^= =H [` ` (J ) >H
=uOH~ Q D q^~ Q Q~ qCÒ:
''gO~> Jj K+
H _`<O! gH O~ H~ Z=O K #
@=~> Q = e# x K < O!! gO HO# fOH=_xH
# =ê O+
"~@_O? (Z~` Q K
@
!) gO
iQ ^g i O. (YOP<-7:80,81)
''gO~` Q = e# xH _`<O! gH O~ H~ Z=O W~>
x K ^! ! gO (
# =ê) O+ "~@_O? î^_
H_ K < O.
x~_
`~ (Q q _z D) _x K < Oq>? (YOP<- 29:28,29)
=^< *u[H i ^= =H [` +S (J ) W L^t ~KO:
''gO `xH, H` iQ >~K~_. [H O=# O H `y~ z
W=H~_. Ô} ~f =O UO_# `~"` J#=O~Q JOKH~, J
H $+~ KH~ _. (YOP<- 7:85)
''`xH, H` <~ >~K~_. Z=iH #+~ HQ*
H~_. O# `
` `z=~_. [H O=# O H `y~ z W=H~_. Ô }

JO , J[_
O ` uOQH ~ _. (YOP<- 26:181-183)
=^ *u[H i ^= =H e (J ) W L^t ~KO:
''gO H~_# `z |_ H~ ^ ^ H@_ xi< O! H ^=xH
_~ _, <H q^
` K~_. ^g i Ô }

Z~> ~O} K H~_,
Y~P< "=$Ò
(3. PeW=<)
97
# K =x [# P^tO . K_ #O_ iO . ^=_ Q_~ Q

qO . Q~^ [ (H_) q~zL~> iH~` " [iQk. i
q~z#O H_ H~Ô <O. Hx K=~k Jq^
<O. (110)
"O q=e H~K~ k~K_~ ` ^Q x Hey~KO . OH
" g` O_< (g^>H x=H) #E iÒ. iH ~
H_ a~K^ , ^=x O}
< =#= OH}
 L~>. O ^ Q ~
zHH<O. ix ÔQ ~ "~>_`~k. nxHO}~ O ^=x He ,
P# ==e xOHi =KO. P# ~# =H
# J<~Q
`=i "O. JnQH "O = àO` ^=xH Jq^
^
giO. (111-112)
J` Q~^ [~` J~>O H^. i <OQ = H_
L<O. O Ou ^=x H i P# =~^ ~Q
_Ò. ^=_, OHx qO. [H =~zx kO. K_
#~_ iO . Ò K _~ O O~ >_ ` O. W~>~
[# . (113,114)
"O U Ò~ K< ^x qi~K_~ [OQ^. ^=xH HO
} Z=O Q `. ^=x =u~HOQ JqH (O
H~)
i ~`#~, i~^
U=`~ xHO=. "O #OH . J~^<
O (<<`# J#q ) ZH~ _L
~>O. (115-116)
O SHrq`~ K ^#=~ =OK` _# f=# Qe
=~>k. Jk P`^~ K H#i ~@ gz O <#~ K ~ k.
^=_ iH J<~ K_~ ^. O `=H`" J<~
KH~@<O. (117)
qO! g ix ` WÒ e P~Ò~ wHQ K HH~_. O
gH x `@_~ Z~> J=Hh *Oq_KHO. U qÔ Q#~<
J[_ OHu uiQiH q^
` KH~ _. (YOP<- 26:149-152)
''^=x H H# qi~KH~_. ~K~ JOKH~, JH
$+~ KH~ _. (YOP<- 7:74)
P^ *u[H i ^= =H [` ^ (J ) W L^t ~KO:
''gO Z`
# u K> xH=e# OH = <x xi< Oq>? WH_
`~Q L~_#@ gO ^ ^ "_ H_ < O. gO Z=i<< @H ~> i
@ K HO~Q =iO . (YOP<- 26:128-130)
98
(3. PeW=<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
q=e k~K< O HKHx LO\O. i =@ O~ ZC_

|@_~ k. WH i $^ #` J~`H< Z<O@ ^+~ x~_
L~k. gO q"K<O~` q+x Q~K~_ "= = He
+~ Q q_=Oz K|`<=. (118)
gO ix qO Qx, iH gO~> U=`~ Ja=#~ ^ . gO
(^= )Q~^h qO . (Hx O gQ~^x q~KO .) O q=e
H #C_ ''"= H_ (gQ~^x, g=H# ) q < ~ J~>O.
J` g ^QO ~_ oQ< g g^ ~KH# H` O @@
#OÒ. (ÔQ O!) gO ~KH# H
< =_ K=~_. ^=xH
g J~Ò~ Q ^y=# u q+ = `. (119)
gH^< " [iy` O qq_ Ò. H_ [iy` =`~ `Q
~|O_ Ò. U"# >H gO #~ =~z ^=x @
H
`
=H~>, g g^ i @, HH
g xK =. i K+
h
^=xH Q `.(120)
(==^! FOA) h= L^ ~ W~> #~_ |î qe
H. ^=_
^xH =` OK
_ ~ O~a~K=.14 P ~Ô ~ QOK
=~ q~>_, P# O~ Ziy#_. JC_ g O~_ =O
Ô ~ H (^~ O QO #Oz) ^^ iE. Hx ^=_ ix
P^ H<_. J ^=_ i OHH_, H_. H#H q
ZC _ P< #=Hx L~_e. (121-122)
^=_ q=e |^ ^~ H_ P^H<_. JC_ H_ gH
~# P^, i_ =#O =. (J< gH "= q[~
kOK=.) J~^= g~ ^=xH _~_ P#H H$À~
L~_~_. (123)
14. Wk L^ ^xH ~|~k~z# ~@#. =H YO+ |^
^~ F_#~^# uHOK ` WC_ =n< ^_K
_xH 3000 #~`
=KO. =~ "=~k #~` |ÔQ i 300 =~k H@
q
"Q *OH<O. qye# 700 =~k =~ H, =H YO+
H =n< #~z
^^ <Q " Ô~ L# L^ HO_ ^QO ^~ [iy~k.
D ^~ "^@ =~ H q[~ a~z<, ^= =H (~ ) XH HH
#~ x># qH~_ `= F_ i`~_@~ K, P#~ =ê
=~` H~}
=xyO. `= nx Q=x~z HO_ "#H " #~z
uiQz "O^_ KO. =~ H K #+~ [iy~k. J` P Ò ` "~@<
~o~KHx ZÔ^_ K _~ = J~u=q[~ =~ < =i~z~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(3. PeW=<)
99
h= q Ô ~ Hey~K_xH i` J# =@ *H ~ `K H.
JC_ h= ''(=#) = =_"=~k ^= ^è k~z =#e P^H
=_~ K^ gH?J<=. gO Q#H #~ =~z ^=x @
H
` =H~>, `= g "O^_ K# C_ P# gH ` H
zQ S^"=~k ^è ~ ` H~_ P^H~>_.15 gH Ô ~
=z g =# H^@_~^H ^=_ K_. x*xH U <
^=x#~_ a ~ k. P# O H= ~`_, Z~` q"K< O _. Jq
XH =Ox `_z> L^ ~` ^ i K= }z O[~, O
` i K _xH P# gH ~ K_. (124-127)
(=H!) ^=_ ix Hq ~K<< Hq _ . ^ ÔO
# ~^# ix
tH~ K<< tH _ . D ==~~ xO
~ fH=_xH hH~> JkHO~
^. =H L# =~ ^=x^. P# `#`z# q^~Q
H~î Hq_, H~î tH_ H_. P# Q H=je, JO
H$j_. (128-129)
qO! O~_~`, <e~` iQ D =_x u#_~ WH<< =#
_~ _, g rq` OH = =`. ` uOO
H~_.16 ^=xH
H~ ^~ K |_# #OHy #~_ ` ~KH~_. ^=xH, P# =HH
q^ L~_~_, gO HO}~K|_Ò. g = H=aH "
O Q `~ _. JQ =H~` q"# O = " H_ O Q`~ _.
Jk
H
Hi H~ ^~ K |_ L~k. (130-133)
O Heq#, q# `= ~^# (^==O~) YO
_Ò. H^H kQq~QÒ.17 WÒ `C HqO. W~>
15. ^=_ |^ ^~ ^=^`# ~ =~H ~ K_. P
=~ =n< |^ O^H H~Ô |^ H~_ g^ x|_ ^~ fO#
K_QO. i H^# ~ HO~ ^~ [OQ`#C_ i #~_ XH =|`#H
Q~ He ~, y@ KC ` i=# ^" ^ #~ " ^H~k. J~^
#~_ ''`~ÔQ =~^H Q~_ J< F H~O O~ H_ iH qx~z~k. D qz`
^ # qx O c`=O. (8:9,10 H
K_~_.)
16. q=OH 2:275-281, 30:38-39 H
K_~_.
17. H^H# Qi~z ^= =H (~ ) W =z~KO:
''= ^~ `# ` ix z` K_ x["# OH=e H^. PQ ~
Hey#C_ xQ ~KH<_ J# OH=e. (|Mi, J^)
''H~ +`< O} = [x~ k. +`< xC` $l~K|__ . xC h>`
KO `~k. H#H gO H~ =z#C_ "~@< LE K ~_. (J|^=^)
100
(3. PeW=<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Ô#< ^=_ q_. JnQH ^=_ ` =~=~

HqOK"~ ~ Q#H `= = U^~< hu=e# x Qx, ^
=O^~ < HO~ Qx [iy` "~@< O ^=_ i~z H= }
KC H~>O. J~`Qx, `= K# ^x =~H@ @O . J~>iH
u
~Q i = #~_ =x~` @ O =~K O
=< a. JH_ "O HH~ (Q) L~>O. =~z #H
Z~` =~z u
~ a ~ k! (134-136)
gH O~H_ J<H i}= ~q ~K <<Q KOQ
uiyK_~_, uO i~z#iH U~ Qu >~ ^! Wk (YOP<) [H F
|O~Q H@
#
H
HiH `kx, =~^ i x. (137,138)
(qO!) ^ _ H ~ _. JÔ ~` H~yH~_. gO x["# q
~` z=iH gO q[~ kO. (`` =O~) gOH^,
O H_ gQ ^|u<O. (J~`=`xH Ô ~ H=_=!)
W=h "= [ =^ u H q@ =`". P#
g x[=~# q=O sH~K_xH, H~îx `xH H
(J=OQ`)Q K_xH D qÔQ K_. ^=_ ÔOe Z#>H
q~K_ . P# W~> sH Ô x[=~# q Z=O Ui",
Jqe J}z " êK_. (139-141)
gO W> O~ "t=#H~@<O? g ^==O~
O_ix ^=_ W~H iQ sH~ K< ^ . O U"OH #~ =~z
^ ^~ O ~ Q L~>O P# K_ê K_.18Wk=OH (^= =O~
O_) =O}~ K J=H~ OH=~^ g~ ^x HO`~_O. WC_k
g=~^H =z~k. gO ^x HO KH<O H_. (H#H gO
}H `y~z O_eQx, Ô ~ H _
_ H_^ .)- (142-143)
==^ XH ^= =H =`" . W`xH O~ H_ J<H= ~k ^=
=H
=zO. =i W`xC_ Kx` H K~|_` gO (Ô ^~
#~_) "#kiyÒ?19QO~KH~_, J "#kiy_ ^=xH
''x|_ L#C_ H~ = `H}
" HOe. ^x= H~ Ki` i
H ` _ He. (q`)
''gO WÒ ^ E~_ ^=_ g ^ E`_. gO WÒ `C
Hq ~K~_ ^=_ g `C Hq _ . (=^ J^)
18. q=OH 2: 155, 29: 1-3 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
19. L^ ^~ ^==H (~) H`Q`#C_ P# K~|_Ox
Y~P< "=$Ò
(3. PeW=<)
101
Z~> #+~ He~ K_ . ^=_ `#H H$`[` KiH `y# |=#~

W_ . (144)
^=x J#[ x^ xs` =xH =~^ U }H K=O^. u
}H =O}H~ |_ L~k. H=~ ~zH u
H` xK
iH "= ~ K~ ~ z
`
<
^=_ q_ . Q O (^ x g_H ~_) '' ! = `C =x~K.
h =O~ ""^< ^g i L~> ^x H_ Hq ~K. = HH O ` ~
KH i Jq =H q[~ k~KJx "_ H<O. H#H ^=_
iH ~ K~ `y#u
O WK_ O
H~ J~`H~ > Z~` +" #
u
~ k_ . J~> ^ O#< ^=_ Ja=x_ . (146-148)
qO! gO Q#H Jq K =@ q~> O q=e
uiy Jq~ " fH O . JC_ gO O~Q #+ Ò. (O g
a+ H^.) ^=_ g a+, H_. P< J~îH<
Q H_. Ò< "= ùOO $^ g@
``~ Hey=. ^=_ Z~> =}~ ~H <, O#H

(^= `~) > He~KO. H#H i J~u= x~ #OH= =`~k. Jk
ÔO
H~ ` O L# O= K_ x~. (149151)
^=_ gH K# ( ) Q<x <O" O _. O~~ gO ^=x
P[` Jqe =k ~ _O. Hx P `~ "` gO HOH#^x (=~
`# ) ^=_ KQ< gO Ô ~ HO. (=H Wz#) P[ q+ ~
gO OO~ q^H # Jq^` KO. g H~Ô
~zH ~^# Pt~KO. =iH~Ô OH u~ HOH<O.
JC_ ^=_ q=e sH~ K_xH `= #~_ g ^$+x ("O " #H)
=Oe i K_. J` gO i#>H ^=_ q=e
Hq ~K_. P# q e@ J`~` ^ =_. (152)
=^~u >~ k. Wk qx K=~k =~ Ô ~ H _
_ O. H~Ô
J~` ^~ K _" =<O. =O" H@
=i~` H~Qn =@`
=~# W~ #~_ =Oe~K_xH u~KO. P ~Ô~Q D H
J=ì~K.
102
(3. PeW=<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(L^ ~|~k~z#) =O ~ @# QOH `K H~_. JC_ gO

"#kiy K_#~< K_H ~_ iQO. "#H ^= =H q=e
< gO qx~KH_ ^Y~ Hey~K_. q +`
g#~_ U^< == K*i<
H =O^< P^ =z_< gO z~u~KH ~_ L~_~^H W ^=_
gHH Q}O~ <O_. gO K #h ^=xH Q `. (153)
D ^, ^Y~ `~` ^=_ g H~î ~ux J=ì~* _.
`` e `~Q O XH q^" # H#H@H #O.
J` [< Pt~_#O ^=x q+~ J*#~`
H_# J#=#~` ''D q+ ~ =Hg JkHO~ ^? Jx J_QO.
''Jx q+# ^=_ OkHi Jx KC. O Hx q+ h
=~^ "e|KH~_ =#< ^KH<O. Q ''=H Q#H JkHO~
L~> "qH_H =z =k~K|_O~ H^ J~>O. K= g <@ O
L~>, gO gW~_
L< O gg =^
H ` H~_ Òe =O .
g J~Ò~ Q ^y=#^x sH~ z ^x H>x H_y " < ^=_
K_. J~Ò~ Q u J~îH< P#H Q `. (154)
g H~Ô (L^ ^~ ) `=e ZÔ<@C_ "#E
iO. ix Hx |#` HO}~Q< +`H ^=_ ix Hq ~K_.

^=_ Q H= je, J`~` LÔ_. (155)
qO! gO Jq =kiQ =>_H~_. i (=~)
|~^q` ZC_< }=<, Ô~Q~< L~_ U^<
=^xH QO`, ''O `=`@ L~_#@` Kx=_~Qx, K~
|_@~Qx [iy L~_k H^ Jx J~>O O. O eH# D HH
^=_ ix f= `~ , x$H QiK_ . x*xH r=#O}
^=x Ku< L<. P# g KO e Q=x< L<_. (156)
gOH" ^= =O~ Kx< H K~|_< ^=x #~_ gH
a~K H=aH, HO} O H__# SH ~^H< Z~`
+"#q. gO Kx<, K~|_< (O k<#) ^=x xk
gO~` ` H~_ gHi~K|_Ò. (157-158)
(==^!) ^ #Q ~=< h= i q+ ~ Z~` =$^$^
_==. nxH a#~Q h= H+, Hi# $^ _= L~> O~`
hH Ô=O. XH_ h K~`H K~_ H^. H#H h= ix
Y~P< "=$Ò
(3. PeW=<)
103
Hq ~K. i O@ H~ (^=x) =x~ Ji~K. h= `> #

q+ ~ ix ~k L~_. U^< x Qi~z xO
~ fH#C_
^=x g^ O~ . ^=_ `## #=H#i< q_ . (159)
^=_ ~ K ê WH UH g PkH ` =~K^ . XH"
P# q=e g =<# =k, P Ò` gH Z=O ~ K
QO? H#H x["# q ^=_ #=Hx L~_e. (160)
U ^==H H_ Z~> iu# #=H^xH __.20
#=H ^~ K# _ P #=H^~ ( O~)`
k<# (^=
<#~) [O=`_. JC_ u =HH J`# KH# HO
HO" u
~ W=|_`~k. Z=iH Z~> J<~ [OQ^ . (161)
ZC _ ^=x Jc+~ HO~ #_K H< =H ^ Q xH QO# _
Z =i~KQ
_? ^ Q xH QO# _H #OH" `y# x~. Jk ~=
K_ x~. ^=x ^$+
iî =^ J<H O@ =`=~k. ^=_
i #e Q=x< L<_. (162-163)
^=_ q~z#i i *uH K~k# XH =H# q~*
iH Q " K_. P =H iH ^=x H
qx i rqè
fik^`<_. iH Q~^*#~, q"H k<_. Wk=OH O
iQ J=O~ _L
~_O. (164)
WC_ g iu W J~^q>? (^= =O~ ) g H~ ` P^
=z_Q< W^H_~z î~z~k J~>~q>? (|^ ^~) g
K` g^Q nxH O~_~` P^ (g ` i =O~ ) qOKH_~ k H^!
(P ~Qu =OzO?) =H! ''DP^ gO K*` Hx`KH#
^#x iH KC . ^=_ uh K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. (165)
20. L^ ^ =~ ^= =H (~ ) H~Ô qH~_# F HH
^ ~ x> `# ^QO ~z uiy LÒ O#~`=OH P ^ x =ê> H_
^x P*~ KO. J` ^~ `= i=_~ K =~ ^ O
=ê# ^ `# Hi~KH=_~ O~a~KO. xs` HH^ ~ x
q~K|_# qH~_ H_ XHiÔ q# J~Ô `=`= < =ê
^ ` Hi~KH=_xH "oO.
^~ =y# Ò ` ^= =H (~ ) `# P^t~KH =~^ P ^ x
Z~^H =ê>Ox ix J_QO. O ` ~KH< Ô}
U^ ~*+ WK
H<O. JC_ ^==H (~) ''gH <g^ #=H~ HQ^. <# gH
O=# ^ ` > W=H~_ ^~ K#x gO q~KO Jx J<O.
D ==O~ Qi~K D H J=ì~z~k.
104
(3. PeW=<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(L^) ^~ gH [iy# #+~ ^=x J#[`< [iy~k. g

x["# == =O, H@
== =O sH~ K_xH ^=_ K_.
P H@
` ''O~_, ^= =O~ O_~_. (`)^_x uH> (g#QOx)
H_H~_Jx K #C_ ''^~ ~Qu =H è~> "= ` H~_
g` K~ ~ J<O. D=@ J~@#C_ O q~H< Jq
xH ZH= KO =Q L<O. O `= $^ x =@ H K|
`<O. O `= $^ ^z#^q> ^=xH Q `. (166-167)
"O (^xH |ÔH ~_ W~>) HOx (^= =O~ }
`Q~ K _xH "o#) `= |~^ qè Qi~z ''O ==@ qx
L~> W =k~K|_ L~_OH^ Jx KO. =H! ix J_Q:
''g Ja~ x[` gH î~K =$`=x J_H ~_ K^~. (168)
(^= =O~ =k~K|_# ix) =$`x q~KH~ _. x*xH O
(Kx ^.) ^=x ^$+ |uH L<O. JnQH O `= = ^QO
PO~ H_ ~^`<O. O `=H ^=_ ^ ` k~z# ^x@
Z~` ~`+~Q L<O. J~`H^, `=` KOH ~_ W~H WH~<
L~_# iH_ Z~>
~Qx, qKO~Qx L~_^x `Hx
O xt~`Q L<O. O ^=x HO }H>H @ Z~` P#~k< O.
^=_ q }
x Z#>H =$^K _x iH `. (169-171)
(^~ ) Q_# Ò ` H_ K=~k ^=_, P# =H
Wz# #H "~@< ~k~KO. i [# , ^= cuO # i
H~ (^=x ^QO ) Q u
~ L~k. ''g ^_K
_xH Jq
^Z `# < gHi< O, iH
_~ _ Jx [#~ J#C_
O kQ}H$ ` q~` ''=H ^=_ K, P# Q HO^H _
Jx =^#qKO. z=iH O ^=x J#Q ~`, |=<` uiy
=KO. iH Z~> #+~ [OQ
^ . O ^=x Jc+~ HO~ #_K
H<O. ^=_ (W~>iH) JO~Q J#Q ~K_. (172-174)
J +`< `# q`=H# Qi~z [#
> _. *Q`!
gO x["# q` D K q`=HH Z#>H
_H _^ . <H
_e. Jq~ " O Q` i K+

@ h= ^ _ H . O ^=xH
Z~> #+~ HQ*
O . ^=_ iH O
H~ Z~> u
~ W=
^KH^ . iH O # (#OH) `# O> L~k. (175-176)
qxH |^ Jq~ Hx `K H#O ^=xH Z~> #+~
He y~KO . iH~ Ju ^HO" # tH HKHx L~k. H#H "=
Jqe KK_#@ =k<=x, Wk `=H~` =~z^x O
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105
q~KH _^ . O =ix K H=_xH "q LH~ z J=H

q< =. z=iH (FOA) O J`~` "# `#H QiH=
L~@~k. (177,178)
^=_ qe ` ~ O# u Z~`H~ L~_x=_. P#
Jq` #~_ qè ` H~_ "O K_ . J` (=~^ [OQ )
JQKOq + e Qi~z gH è* _~ ^=x Ja=`~ H^. nxH~
P# `# =H
#~_ `# Hi#ix Z#H~>_. H#H gO ^=_,
P# =He q~K~_. gO `x q~z
H
` #_K H~>
gH Q u
~ a ~ k. (179)
^=_ `# J#Q~` k~z# ~^ q+~ <i`#~
=~KO P < i`#~ `=H KH O~ ^x q~KH _^ . Jk
iH x Hey~ k. O U ^# ~ q+ ~ < i`#~ =< O Jk
O
k<# i "_H Qk|~_Q =O`~k. =` =HH
^=_ O _. gO K # ^~` ^=xH Q `. (180)
''^=_ î^_, "" ^x H~ J#i P=@ ^=_ q<_.21
i HOHè "= (i HOz>) <O. O ^==He
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k<#
i` ''gO K*` K H# HO H e `~Q WC_H #OH
`#
KqK_~_x J~>O. ^=_ `#^ Z#>H Ô# ~ K _.(181,182)
i J~>O: ''"= U ^= =H# q~K< J`# ==~^
U^< ( =x) |ee. ^x PH~ #~_ Jy* =z He" e.
J~> |e W=#~`=OH U ^= =H# q~K~^x ^=_ =H P*
~K_. ix J_Q: ''<H O~ Z~Ô =H
g ^QO H +" #
K#, xÔ< `KO. WC_ gO q# xÔ< H_
`KO. =i gO hu=~`` ix Z~^H `=OO? (183)
(==^!) O x# uO i (uO i~Kh, ^x= hH, ^ xH
HeQ #+" g ^ .) hH O~ H_ += ~# =}, xÔ <,
^^ H, `*= Q~^ f=z< J<H=~k =H
uO i~K|_O . z=iH u =x+ F OA K"e~^. g HO H

k<# i u~ a~k. #OHxH Ô~Q ~xH O|__
x["# H$Ò_. SHrq`~, (^x M) => "i`#
"OQ =`" . (184,185)
21. q=OH 5:64 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
106
(3. PeW=<)
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==O! (q+`) gO ^#} q+~ J<H Hi#

sH
H QiH"e =~ k. JnQH gO Q~^ [ #~_, |^ O^H
#~_ H_ =# <~K =@ J<H~ q#= =~ k. H#H J~>
u gO #~ =~z, H` H_# rq`~ Q_` Ô
=O~ O ~ Q L~_e.22 x[~Q Wk Z~` `" # HO~. (186)
Q~^ [H QO K: ''gH k~K|_# Q~^~ x q+
^KH ~_ (^`^~ Q) [H k~Ke Jx ^=_ iK` =}~
K~K_. Hx P`~` O ^x J@HHH ~KO.23 Ju =xH
Jq"O. W O JuhK"# ~^#H _O. O `=
xOH KHx =i`<O. `= Kx # Qi~z
`# ` ~KH~>Ox
~ ~^QO`<O.24 J~>O #OH
q~KH . O ` H~_ ÔO " # #OH
`# KqKO . (187,188)
^=_ =H =*xH Jku. P# uh KQ
=O_ , O H= ~`_. =H xO}~, Ou~|= KH= }~
z~KiH Z< xÔ <<. P K<O xx, HOx,
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23. `~` ^# [ JO^*
x ^=_ ^ K` K~Oz#
=}O QiOz a ` x|O^# x kf^ H O_O +O Q LOk. L^:
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O=`~O`=#, J#Q xqO|_# Q_ = O=`~=# h ^=_# "
U~~K H#
=O^ WbO^~ P# xkx H#|_ ~ O_Q#
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O z "iH qxO
=#. g^=_# "
_ D ^~ "H= x\x J#iOz #_K
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q
q h ~=## ~^ q "\x qx <~
H#@H JOîx QK =#. (31:913). D<_ =O _ K=Ok
Y~P< ^# e W`~ JO^* x =< ^x J@HHHOK~.
24. ^= =H (~ ) ^xH |î#C_ H@
q (WÒ =~
` @) " O H^. O =H P[ L~ ~z W~_
< L~_O.
(Q `"^ #HO~ "Q ># @) ^x `Q ~|O_ O. J` ^=
=H (~ ) ^~ #~_ uiy OQ< =}~ K =s OHO H H KO.
O `=, <O" O x ## Qi~z ~ ~^x HOH<O. i "Y i<
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~= q`_=. ==e #OH
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_" " J`_ ~" # J==xH QiK# >. JO\ ^~~
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=x q~K~_x P# ==e J_Q< "= x# q~K=.
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=H
Ô Q#~ K# >x =H k~K. h= Z\ iu #
Q#~ Q~ K =x =H `. H#H
k<# ==e #Qi
O= ~
H. (189-194)
JC_ "i = "i "OH~z W J<_: ''<# g Z=i
HOb =$^K#. O+<, < gO~` OO~ XH $+OH
K~k#O. < H~ Z=O=O `=
=ê =KO, Z=O=O `=
W~_ #~_ "_
Q@|_O, Z=O=O "k~ K|_O, Z=O=O O_O, (P
O@~ Z=O=O) `=O|_O O~î O@ =x~z ix
O =~K O =< "t ~* #. Wn ^=x ^QO (iH)
a~K u
~. ^=x ^Q~ +" # u
~ L~k. (195)
=H! ~ K ^ ` uOO uOQ, fO`#e K h=
"H. Wk =< =K@ =`" . `~ "` i ` x~ #OHO
J=`~k. Jk O= K_x~. J` `= = @ H`
=H~@ hu=~`" # rq`~ Q_ i H~ O =~K
O= < L<. JH_ O HHO (~Q)L~>O. Wn ^= xk
iH a~K Pu^ ~. }`H ^=x ^QO (O~ ) L#^ Jx>H~ >
Z~` +" # k. (196-198)
25. J~>, rq`~`~ hH q^
L~_ uH rq`~ Q_ ` =O}~ z#
i, =H J~> uH rq`~ Q_ ` J^ u = =O}~ K Q~
k~K Jx JO~ .
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H
` uH rq`~ Q_ Ò. Hx
rq` KO=^ OA=O~ `Ò. ^ `= =@ Ô, K` Ô
Jq Y
i =H O O . ^ ~zH ~ _ H H =
xOx$H QO ^=_ xOt ~z# PO^# , Ò K _~ =<O .
z=iH J^ u KxÒ. WH_ H
J~> ÔO}xH QiHH~_, `k
=OH xOt ` Ô ~ O ~ Q L~_, ` O PKi~K =~z =O}x k~K=x
^=_ "_ H~@<O. JO`QO_ +`< >
QiHO_ "_ H_
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Q ^" x ~}
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108
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~|_# Q~^x H_ qO . JnQH O ^=x =~^ q#=~
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=xH J=H<O H^. iH a~K=# u
~ i =
^QO OH` ~ Q L~k.
^=_ (HO ) qKO} [O_ ~ U=`~ P~ K _. (199)
qO! #~ >~K~_. q^^ =~^ Ô
î~K~_. Ô= H~ #_~ ay~K~_. ^=x @ H Hey
L~_~_. JC_ gO (WO) H$Ò
=Òx Pt~KQ
O. (200)
Our Publications So far

1. Meening of the Holy Qur'an : (Part-30)
2. Life of the Prophet (Cradle to Cave)
3. Promissed Messaiah (Qadiyan) : P-50
4. Meening of the Holy Qur'an (full-V) : P-904
(Released by Moulana Abdul Azeez, JIH on14.3.04)
5. Ideal life of the Prophet (p) : P-504
(Released by Justice Sardar Ali Khan on 14-3-04)
6. Journey of the Hear after life : P-224
7. Muslim Woman : P-240
8. Decentralisation of Wealth : P-224
9. The Message of "Kaaba" : P-224
10. Holy Qur'an-1 & 36 And Duvaas : P-40
ISLAMIC RESOURCE CENTRE
Chatta Bazar, Hyderabad-2, India.
+91-40-66710795,
+91-9441515414
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K L~_~_. (5)
J<^ H m_ =K =OH i u Q` Q=x L~_~_.
P Ò ` i `y# QÒ` L<x gH Jx i Px
iH Jy~K~_. J~`Qx, O ^ ~~# Ò ` `= (P) H
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114
(4. x)
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gO Q#H XH O #~ =OH O# K H=_xH xO

~K
H~>, "^> OH gO (=OQ) Z~`^ ^#O Wz=< ^x
Z~> iu# =m fHO^. gO" hx~^ ", =s
J~` J<~Q ^x uiy fH~>O? (Z~` Q K
@
!) giÔ XHi
Ô =OHO Y~ J#q~KO. P" g ^QO (q~ Ô) Q>
Q#~ fH~k. J~@C_ gO" ^<x |=~`~Q Z f
H~>O? (20-21)
g `~_ q=_#
# (i =O}#~Ò~ ) gO Z#>H
q=_H~ _. Q_ [iy~^^ [iy~k. (WH=~^ J~> OH
_H~ _.) Wk hu"# x, J~Kh "# ^+ ~ ^~. (22)
g `, H=O
, JHK , "#`
, #`, `
,
"#H_, ÔH=O, gH ># #~|~^ `, gO
~KH# #~|~^ ^s, g O `, g` ~yH
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Ô) > g ~OH}
iy#
H=O
- gH x+k~K|_O . (gix gO q=_O^.) `, g`
~yH ~|~^~ W~H UO_H~_ (o =`" [iy) L~> (J~>
Oe =ê i H=Oe K H=_~) Z~> `C ^ . WH H#H_H
(q`~`=# H q_H ~k#) O (J~> H_) H_ gH
x+k~K|_O. J~`H^, XH q|~^~ (UHH~) WÔ JH
K# L~K_~ H_ x+^".12 Q_ [iy~^^ [iy~k. ^=_
Jq` H= je, JO H$j_. (23)
''Ô =` # # ^=xH Jx>H~ > `M Z~` J "# x.
''OHO H = =^ Ox Pk uiQ `"^~> O+# ^=_
Ja=x~K_ . H#H gO q~ K H~_, q_He=H~_.
12. D H
O+x qxH x+k~K|_#
` @ Hx ne |>
D H~k
H_ x+k~K|_O :
=O (=u) `, =O H=O
, =#=O, =Oè H=O
=O
^s), =O`~_ H=O
(=O ^s), =O "#`
, =O #`,
=O `
, =O "#H_ , =OÔ H=O
. =Oî H=O
.
J^ q^~ Q O+_ U `Q_ P H=O
, `# è` @
`y# WÒ
H_ J`xH x+k~K|_O . JQ XH O L~_Q~K_~ g q^ H^ O ~.
gO ` WÒ
~^s ^# qxQ~ Ô gO q=_=K.
J` qH ~ jOH}
L~_eQx,
`" L~_H _^ . gO
i= J#q ~K ^~` MxHQ# iH Ke~ K=# xs` =O
^<x qkQ q~z Ke~Ke. HH` =O xO~ [iy# Ò"`
gi^~ P q+O OO~ W+OH~Q U^< K^KO>
K =K. J~^ Z~> `C ^ . ^=_ =~ Ziy#_ Z~`
q"K< O _. (24)
g Z=iH< q~z# `~`
# q=_ =` H `
J~>O `= Jn#~H =z# =O x
# q=_e.13
^=xH g qu Q `. gO~` O O~ XH $+O tH K~k#O.
H#H x
# i [=# J#=u fHx q=_~_. K@~
HO~ iH Ke~ K=# =O^# ~ H_ Ke~ Ke. J` ix q
|~^~ OH`~Q L~K~_. qKq_Q K_uOQ uOQx=H~_.
^~QK@Q =HH _hH~_.
XH" O q|~^~H =z ^` ~k# `~` Ô_`H
_` J~>iH `~`
H qk~K tH
Q~ tH qk~Ke. o
K Hx HO}~Q `= Ô x+H ~ Q~ HQ`~^x
_ iH =`"
DHO ~ L~k. J` gO (J~> u o K HH~_) #~
= gH~` O~. ^=_ Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (25)
^=_ `# H
q=i gH O~ [# #_z# @<
q=e #_ QO`<_. P# q=e H>H~ Kê K_. ^=_ Q
*# O#_, ZO` q"H=O`_. P# q=e H>H~KêK_.
J` =< "~K
H x~#O q=e <O~ #~z ` ~z
Ô~Q L~KQO `<O. =#=_ ( [~Q<) |#_Q >_ .
J~^= ^=_ g L# P~H
Ox `y~ Kê K_.14 (26-28)
~|~^ Jx =_OH ~|~^<. O +_ qxH =~^ D =_
~|~^# ije~z, > ikH Ox x =`" q=_e.
13. `~` x q=_ =`x (^)_ x x P" [=x
J#=u` q=_=K.
14. W~ =_KO, J<~` H_# HO Ox=e =~Q `_z
@^
z~k. è^ ~ _ P
H=O
H > W=H=_~, q`~`=x J` i
P~H
#~_ |@_H ~_ J}z@_~ , (Q_ = fi< H O~_= oH K
116
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
qO! gO XHi =# =OHO J<~Q H|o~KH~ _.

OO"^~` O^g, WzKH=_ [OH=K.
(J<~, JH=~, `, P`` Ô) q=e gO `=O
HH~_.15 ^=_ g q+ ~ Z~` ^ =_x `H~_. (29)
J<~, JH=` W K_ "= Ò< #OHy qi
_" O. Wk ^=xH H+O H^. q=e i# O" # #16 Q#H
gO =#H~> "= g z#z# e g HO z> #~_ `yO.
Q q=e uHO"# (O)^=~ "t~*=. (30-31)
"= g H~îH WÒH< ZH=Q k~z# ^x gO
~ L~k.
Pt~KH~ _.17 O+H O ~k~KH# ^xH `y# u
x=H =_~, |+ x J~@OxkQ K P" J<HP
~H
qk~K_~ , =uèx
~__@
~, UHH~ WÔ JHK # q|~^~ L~K_~ , ^# qH~nHO}
#
xOk~K ^` HO q^#~, ~_H_H# H#H_HQ iQ}~ z OH ~ |~^
UOOK_~ "^# ÔKO# W~ xOe~K #H~k. Hx =_#
<`#"^, H@
, ^, O O D ~O}# K QQ_
~O} =O~ J=O^ $+~K_xH, ^+KO~ K_xH u~KO.
J#>H W~ `# ~O}^=x q[=~`~Q =~^H fHo ~k.
15. q=OH 83:1-5 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
16. [` J|O < a< J||HO (Ol) H^# ~: ^= =H (~ ) ==e
L^t ~z ''<# gH Jx>H~ > O" # # Qi~z `<? Jx J_QO.
D=@ P# =_O J<O. ^xH "= ''` H~_ `~_ ^= =H!
J<~. JC_# ''^=xH WÒ # >He ~K_~ , è^ ~ _ =@ q#H=_~
Jx KO. `~` P# (Q_H )P#Hx HO#O XHiQ z x>OQ
HOx ''*Q`! J|^= _@~ (Jx>H~ > O~) J<O. W => =>H
K|` O. z=iH "= =# ''J! D# D=@ WH Ke
Q~_ J#H<~. (|Mi, =~ ) (45:7 H ^ zH K_~_.)
[` J|OO (Ol) H^# ~: ^= =H (~ ) J#KO e L^t ~z ''q=e
O <#~ K #H Ô~Q L~_~_x Ki~KO. ^xH J#KO ''P
#q> ^= =H! Jx J_QO. JC_# W qKO: ''(1) ^=xH >
He~K_~ (+O ), (2) K`| _ K _~, (3) Ô H~ Q ` ^=_ `=OH_^x
x+k~z# }x `=O_~, (4) =_ = u#_~, (5) J<^ = i~z" _~
(6) Ô ^~ "#E i=_~, (7) U ~ ZOQx J=H =~ =
Jx~^ " _~. (|Mi) (q=OH 25:70 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
17. ^=_ =#=~îh XH Q >~K^. sOH~Q, =#H~Q,
PiH~ Q J<H =` L~K_. H~îx J~^QQ, H~îx J~^q#Q,
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
117
JQ
H H_ O ~k~KH# ^xH `y#> u
~ a ~ k.
J` gO ^=x J#Q ~ "_ H~_. x~^ ~Q P# u q+ ~
Ziy#_. (32)
è^ ~ _, |~^ = =ê"o# PH "= (Wk=OH) O e xO
~K=. WH gO Q#~ K# iH H_ (g rq`~<) i QO
Wz " ~_. ^=_ O HQ u q+ x Q=x< _. (33)
^=_
O+H H~`PkH ` k~K_~ =, O+ `=
~^# H~ YO_#~^ = O+ ==OHO
J=Ò. H#H Q}=`#
`= O
H q^
` K` i H#
# #_K H~>O. O+ (W~> @#) #C_ ^=xOH}
i
H H_`~>O. g =@H ZÔ K uOQ| _Òx
=#
H (##
#) #K* ~_. (J îH OH`) ix g _H
18
#~_ "O K ~_. (J>H g=@ q#H`) H@~_. P`~` O gH
q^
~` WH ix J#=O~ Q "k~ K_xH H "`H H ~ _. #
J~îH~> JkH _, J`#`_# ^=_ L<_x QO~ KH~_. (34)
H~îx |=~`Q, H~î |#Q, H~îx _QQ, H~î >
Q, H~îx ZH= èqQiQ, H~î `H = èq QiQ, H~îx ^#
=~`Q, =iH~î ^Q >~K_. D H ^=_ J~^q#_
J~^x, |#_ |x, ^_ ^< x HOH=_~ ` x K ^ . J~^Q#,
|=~è, ^x He K JK~^_~ x^x ~^_xH J [=O Q~_,
JH= ^` Ô u~K_~ =`" ` x K|`<_.
J [iy#C_ =[~ J~u, JOKH KOQ `Qx, Pt~z#
[< k~K= . <_ - O+ =^ , ^x H-^ =^ H$u= =#`~
H~ [OQ`# JH=q^< Zx J#O $+ < K #=O~ ^ .
18. O+xH PkH ` x=_xH O~_ HO}<. XH>, sOH~ Q,
=#H~ Q H< O+_ ZH= H= ~`_, =O_ . O~_, O
+}
^ ` O+x g^ "_~ [iy~k.
x H=O` ~, x`` ~, [, a_ ~
iOH}
^$ P" W~> @# L~_@~< P" L~k. =[
H_ J~^< L~k. W ^> |@ O+` H x K _~ = J<H
=lHO Q` ~K =^=~@~k. J~^H ''U*u `# ==O xO}
^ `# H Jy~ ^ P *u Z#>H Q_^ J<O ^= =H ()- (|Mi)
O+ PkH `# Qi~z 2:228 H, ^x ^ zH H_ K_~_.

H~Ô
KK Hx^ îH OO. J~> iu O =Y~ g^
H@H _^x , sO~ HOk == ` H@H _^x , xO
Q H@H _^x ^= =H
(~ ) J<O. U"< P# Oe H> ix Ja=x~KO H^.
118
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
OO
=^ ~|~^ K_ `x
=~> O |~^ =
#~_ XH =^=ix, O |~^= #~_ XH =^=ix @H~_.
iÔ H iu KH k^^
KH~> ^=_ ^~` =^ #H`
Hey_ . ^=_ O *x, =~ Ziy#_. (35)
gO J < POk~K~_. P#H (^= `~) Z=ih > He~K
H~_. è^ ~ _ @ ^ O# ~` ==i~K~_. |~^ =, J<^
, xO
^` =~zQ =H~_. WOQOQ |~^=H, iK~x
OQiH, (g ^# ~k# HOH) Ò _ q`H, @OH,
g Jn#~ =# xH " K ~_. ^=_ J~HOe, Q

eHix Z#>H q~K_ . (36)
JQ `= <i`#~ =~K_"QH WÒH_ <i`#~
#i ix `~ ^=_ q~K_ . O `=H ^=_ k~z#
J#Qx (^<x) H__O. W~> H$` H~ "= hK#
(#OH) `## ^ O z
=~K=. OH" U^< YO>< H "C
H~ =`" YO _O . O ^=_ q~KO , O
Hh q~KO .
HO}~, J~>iH +`< KO _ _. +`< KO ~ J`~`
^+ KO ~. (37,38)
O Q#H ^=_,
k<x q~z, `=H ^= ~ k~z#^x
kxQ~ K iH =K #+~ Uq>? i ~Qu ^=xH Q `.
^=_ Z=iH Z~> J<~ K _. Z=O< XH Ò~ K ^=_
^xH O>~ }
~ k_ . J~`HH~_, P# `# (` H) J#
Q xH #~_ H_ Jq` # u
~ k_ . (39-40)
(==^!) "= (O
H <#~) u =[~ #~_ XH
Hx `z, P H x# HQ x> OA# gi iu U==`~k?
JC_ ^==H# xOHi~z, J`xH Jq^# Jq
(`~ `) ''J! q |^
`=~^ HOH` Z~`
Q~_!! JxÒ. Hx O ^=x ^QO Uq+ h ^KO . (41,42)
qO! gO "H~ L#C_ O# î^H H~_.
O# gO i#^q> gH `#C_ O# Ke.19JQ
19. k= YOP< =_O Pê =^~, =` Ô# J~KiQ
x+k~z~k. "^> P^~ 2:219 H
=z~k. JO^ =^~ #+^ H" # ^x,
^=xH J+" # ^x =`" K |_~k. P<> #OK H~Ô =~ =^ =#~
=#H<O. J` K=~k =#H^ . O XHH i =^~ =`
L~_
#=A K ~ _O. ^x= #=A UHQ`H ~ Q~ Hey O XH ^xH |^
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
119
(~Q~, gO <`) J^= L#C_ H_ #~K=OH

#=A î^H H_^ , (=^ ) îQ~_ =_~ JxO` ` .
WH kQ
# C_, }=
L#C_, ==` qO# H "o
#C_ ^ x H#C_ hO a~KH ` # => L y~K~_.
^x =M g^, K` g^ O^H ~_.20 x~^ ~Q ^=_ Jq`
H= je, JO H$j_. (43)
Q~^~ H~`Q~ W=|_#ix h= K_^? O ~Q
=O + ` ~ Hx`K H=_" QH, q=e H_ + e K E< O.
g `= ~Qu ^=xH Q `. g O~H}
, xH ^=_
K. (44-45)
^# i H~Ô ^# > ~Ô#~_ =i"O . x[
Ô xH x Hey~K L^ ~` O <H "euC` ''"= q<~` K~, q#~_- qx~KH~ _, = =@ q#~_ Jx J~>O. (J
J#_xH |^) O ''"= q<~, q^ = q#~_, H
=" K_~_ Jx J~> iH O~Q L~_k. Jk =~Q H_
L~_k. Hx ^=_ i àO, uOO HO}~Q ix ~ K_.
J~^= i K Hk=~k ` Z=O `x q~KO . (46)
Q~^[O! "= (ùOO) =M K_Q> #H
u" H =~^, ^ xOx=~ L~ ~z#ix ~ z#@ ix
~KH =~^ "= J=ì~*# D Q~^x q~K~_. Wk g
^QO# Q~^x H_ ^$gHi~k. QO~KH~_, ^[ J= [iy
fO`~k. (47)
^=_ `#H > He~K_x Z> iu # Hq ~K_ . Jk `
WÒ # P# `KH~> Hq_. ^=xH (P# ^=`~,
H =O) > He~K_= ~> O # ~ =@ H@H #>. (48)
=OH> i ~ _O. J~^= H ~ L#C_ #=* K H_^x D H

P^t~K|_~k. D P^~ ` K=~k =^=#~ =#H<O. J@ =#HH
# H~Ô #=A "
` ~z =^~ q~ _O. P `~ "` H~` HxH
5:90,91 H
=^x iQ x+k~K_~ [iy~k. n~`@ WÒ =` Ô
h x+k~K|_. (q=OH 5:90 H ^ zH K_~_.)
20. =>` =Y~ O^H =_=~> =Y=~` => H=_~ H^. " #
=><
^ =>Q _ ^ #Q_ ^ ^=_# == g^ K`
`> >x Fi qke~z P K` ` =Y~, K` `_KHx ^= =H (~ )
^# ``<. (q=OH 5:6 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
120
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(==^!) h= P`k Qi~z Q KC H< ix K_^ ?

x*xH ^=_ `# `KH# ix =`" kK _ . iH J}=`~
H_ J<~ [OQ^ . K_, O ^=_ Qi~z Z~> Ô}"#
J|^ He< O! ~" # O H=_xH W^H x~HOK. (49,50)
h= Q~^* #~ H~` Q~ W=|_#ix K_^ ? O KO
#, q^^ # #=`<O. Q O, qH~> (=H |
^ O^H # ) Jq H <O~ L<Ox P~@<O. J~>O
^= Q
, ^= Q
WH Z=O ~ K O . h, O*k
HO~ iH"< > L~^? L~> O [H zeQ= H_ W=O.
H, ^=_ ^ ` iH (^= ^`) =Q~ k~K_x J_
`<O? "= W~ ~`<xH Q~^~ , q"H~ k~K=. JnQH
J`xH "= Z~` H= ~` # =[~ H_ WK=. (51-54)
J` i H~Ô q~KO =iH~Ô q~KH ~_ =Y~
K>O. J~>iH Q Q = ~_ #OHQ `y#tH. =H
xOHi~z#
ix "= ` O_ #~HyH q~ O. JH_ i KO He
#C_ (xO~`~) `#e KqK~^H =m=m H`K
O $lO.
QO~ KH~_, ^=_ O H= ~`_ J`~` q"K< O _. (55-56)
WH `x q~z ^KO~## ix "= O
=~K O= <H ~`~. JH_ O `~Q L~>O. iHH _
i^ ` aO . ix "= ^@ # Kx h_ L~K`~. (57)
=O O! ^=_ q=e P^t< _: Z=O< q=e #q U^<
== x g ^QO î uiy iH OH` ~ Q Jy~K~_. [ =^
U^< ==O~ fO== <~Q fO~_. ^=_ gH Z~` =~z
`^ ~ K < _ K_~_! J# =~ q~@<_, K< _. (58)
qO! ^=x@, P# =H @ q^
` Hey L~_~_. g
==OHO
# JkHO @ H_. J` U^< ==O~ g =^
q^~ ù ` ^x uiy ^=x " #H, P#=H " #H =O~_.21
21. =~ SH=`~` =H rq`~ Q_ x, rq`~x u O~Q~
YOP<, n P[# tO=~Kx ^~`@ YOP<, n "Q
i JkHO H <H WK P[# H_ ` H~_ >~Kx D H
è*~k. D H
''^=x @ q^
` Hey L~_~_ J~> YOP< P[#
>~Kx ''=H (~ ) @ q^
` Hey L~_~_ J~> n ^# # J#
i~Kx JO~ . JkHOeK P[ =`~ D O~_> "Q< L~_e.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
121
YOP<, n W~ ^# H =Ô. H#H =~ D O~_>x

^$_~ Q @He. ==H ==^ (~ ) D O~_> P=H`# Qi~z <H
K|` ''<# g ^QO O~_ == =ê "<#. >x ^$_~Q @Hx
(PKi) L#~`H~ gO#>H î Ò. > XH>, ^=Q~^~ (YOP<).
O~_, < ~^ (n) Jx J<O. (=J`)
=~ ~ rq`~ Q_ x, Wg ~ ==# J~>@Hx L~_
x H_ DH z~k. ==H (~ ) k~z# DH~k =`H
K_~_:
''X~@i =x+H +`< KO ==`_. =#+ XHiH WÔ
#C_ _
Ô= `_. J~^= Z=O `= Q$x O~ =^ xi~KH ^KH~>O
O Wg ~ H ==# J~>@Hx L~_e. (q`)
''H=~ =QO =H }"< O, O `= XH_ <H_Q
xq~KHe. (J|^=^)
''=~ `=H+=<, H< `= JkHi (^ <H_) K
=~z =@# qkQ q<e. XH" J`# K_ =@ Qi~z Ka` JC_`x H q^
`
KH _^ . (|Mi, =~ )
^= =H (~ ) F xH^ xH XH J<s=~ x <uQ xq~z ~O.
JC_# <uH q^ =Hx xHe P*~KO. J` P

`z
XHK@ O~_. Ò ` ^xH xC > J~^H ^H~_ J<_ <u.
xH J`x P[# > H>
`z OO. ^xH xC H_ >O .
Hx J~^H ^H#H#C_ O (J=~Q) XHi =M =OHO K
HQO. i H~Ô =>_ ` ''=#~ (#OH)Jy #~_ ` ~KH=_xH H^
^= =H (~ )H q^
=! J~>k WC_ =#~ Jy ^H_~
Uq>? J<O. D q^~ Q O Pz =>_ H~@~_Q P xC H Pi
~k. J@ WH Z#>H Jy #~z
|@_ O H^. `~Q #OHy< He` L~_O. Ô =`" # ==
O =`" JkHOH q^
` Ke Jx J<O. (|Mi, =~ )
J` Ô =`" # ==O# XHi q+ =Q< q^ ~ =Qx,
^ =O^< |"# HO}~ =Qx J#KO <Hx P^xH H~K~ a#~Q
=i~K J=H~ L~_=K. J~> ~Ô <H_ `# J#KO z` kx,
HOnH# H H fHe, nx q+ ~ DH~k n Q=<O"# q.
(1) ^= =H (~ ) H~^H~ ^~ =y# Ò ` JH_~z uiQz ''|h
122
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
YO* (^) "_H KO H#~` =OH Z=O JO #=A K H_^ Jx

P^t XH H@
# K~KO. D H@
# q#Q< =H J#KO ~` ([@ [@Q)
|ÔO. H~Ô H~`^ O~ #_z# Ò ` î< JO " J~k. JC_
i H~Ô ''=#~ |#YO* _H KO H#~`=OH JO #=A K H_^
J<O. =iH~Ô nx =uOH ''H^, =#~ WH_ #=* K e. ^= =H (~ )
P^xH JO~ JO #=A 'Y* K x H^H^? J<O.
(Hx LY< HO~ "^> Ja~` UHq~z#i H~Ô
O= # Ò `, =iH~Ô W"H |hYO* _H KO Hx JO #=*
KO.) z=iH D ==O~ ^= =H (~ ) ^$+H fH O. P# J~` qx P
L
=O Z=ih Hy~KH^ .
---(|Mi, =~ )
(2) ^= =H (~ ) Fi H~Ô J#KO e "~@@ Hx |hL=O a< B
`Q [ =^ Or HÔ _xH i ^QO H "O. P ~Ô ~ #=A"
~k.
JC_ (=^ ) =Jl<, [` J||HO (Ol)` ''<# `H O (WM=`) K|`#,
gO (<H` ~ =~z) #=A KO? Jx J_Q_. ^xH J||HO (Ol)
''O, K# J<O. P Ò ` P# #=A K~K_~ O~a~KO. #=A
W~H iH^. J~` ^==H (~) =z [<x ^@H~@ "o "^>
=O x|_O . Px K [ (=Yn) K @ KO , J||HO (Ol)x
Q K _xH u~KO.
[` J||HO (Ol) #=* K # C_ WÒ q+ =#x x=O.
J~^= P# P q+ x >~ KH^ . z=iH [ =i~` Q>Q K @ KOK
_~` P# q+ ~ Q=x~KO. ^= =H ()# K_Q< P# (W==` #O
#~z) "#H [OQ_ xH u~KO. J` ^= =H (~ ) Px (H^
H~_)
`# #~< x|_ L~_=x P^t~KO. Hx J||HO (Ol) ^= =H (~ ) P[
qx (P# `## J~`> Q_Q Qi~z#~^H) O~_ K` u H$`[` Q ^=_
u ~KO. P Ò ` "#H [iy J~î`@ =#~Q ~H
x<O.
JC_ ^= =H (~ ) =~^H o #=A K~KO. #=A =y#
Ò ` ''J||HO! h #~< x|_=x <# P*~ z< h= J Z~^H
K ^ ? Jx t~KO P#. ^xH J||HO (Ol) ''J|Y H_H ^= =H
(~ ) =~^ x|_@~` H, ~ ZH_<? Jx J<O. P Ò `
^= =H (~ ) [ " uiy ''gO (J#=O~ Q) K O K @ H>O . Jb
(K @) K` |~ K _~ J<k
x. #=A U^~< T~Kx q+ ~
[iy` gO ' # J#~> K. # J#Q< W= g L^ x
Q _ Jx J<O.
(|Mi, =~ )
` H P[# U "OH >~Ke, O W~=uOH P[ *s
K# C_ Z ==i~Ke J< H_ O=K. g>H =^#~ H_ D
H~k n O#|_~k:
''q +`
g g^ H~Ô H=Ò. i # gH Hx =~z
q+ , =iHx K_ q+ QKi. JC_ K_ q+ @ `# xO#
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
123
gO = ~Q ^=_, J~u=k<x q # @` W^ gH~ ~ #

û . O =#~ s` H_ W^ L`= q^#~. (59)
=H! |@H eHix K_^ ? O h J=ì~z# Q~^x,
hH O~ J=ì~z# Q~^# q~K=x H Q KC H~>O.
Hx `= ==O i+i~ * H=_xH =`~ O ^= (#) kH
O#22 PO. Hx ^=(#) kHO# uOi~Kx ix
P^t~K_~ [iy~k. +`< ix î`~z |Ô~Q fHQO
`<_. (60)
K"? H@
q` ''^=_ J=ì~* # ^x " O~_, =H
(`=) " O~_ Jx ez#C_ "~ h^QO H OH~_ `C HEO .
Hx K*` Hx`K H# P^ =z#C_ O h ^QO H O Q` H =z
''^= H! "= =~z< HOH~@<O. ZQ< WOH =^ ^
HÔ#^ = L^ ~ Jx H e =} KO . (61-62)
i $^ U=#^ ^=xH Q `. H#H i =@
>~ KHH. iH =# <@H< #K*C . = U =H# ~<
^ [ ##i~z [ J`xH q^
< ~~K=. O `=H
`= J<~ K H#C_ h^QO H =z ^ x H= aH "_ HxL~>,
^= =H H_ iH~ ^=_ i~zL~>, ^=_ Q H= je Jx, Z~`
^ =_x O `H<O. (63-64)
h = H! O `= q^ iO~ H~ x# <xO` Q
J~wHi~z, "\ hqK fO@ U=`~ `@>~KH ~_ P~`~
Hi~K#~`=OH O x["# q HO .23 (65)
"e|K_ (^xH ~|~k~z#) Z~> ^ ` L~_^ . JQ P K_ q+ e
W+ _ x _ H_ ` ~KH~>_. J` P K_ q+ # J~wHi~z >x
J# i~K_ =`~ (O
H~) t~K_~ [OQ`~k J<O ^= =H (~ ).
JC_ c (J#KO ) ''J~> P[ *sJ H~ = "=
i` (H`) ^~ K =K? Jx J_QO. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) ''K
H_^ . O #=A K # ~` H~ (iH =uOH~ Q uOQ@) K H_^
Jx KO. (=~ )
22. WH_ =+ L# '`Q` J< ^x <# ''^= # kHi Jx
J#=k~K#. `Q` J~> ^ gi#_x aH =~. YOP< i+ `Q`
J~> ^= ^ ^
JuHq~z OQ `< ^=_, =, [=x J
^= ^ K` "O^# K~KH<_x JO~ . D H
`Q` J~> ^=
K>xH |^ ^" ` O K> HO~ ==O i+i~K H_ H <==
124
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''q=e gO KOH~_ ^ g W~_ =ê "o~_24 x P^t

i Hk=~k =`" ^x \O . = `^ HO~ #_KH~>
iH~` O~Q L~_k. Q Jk(Ô ~) iH O ` xKk. JC_
"= iH Q u
~ k~z <~O KO=. (66-68)
^=xH, P# =HH iQ q^ i P[# >~KO
(O
k<#) ^=_ H>H~ z# =H
`, ` ~^ `, J=OgO`,
^KO ~#` H L~>O. J~>i KO " KO ~. Wk
^=x J#Q ~ ^=_ O ~ è#_. (69-70)
qO! gO O>xH O #^
L~_~_.25 J=Ox|>
"O O ^Q< ^ J~`H XH ^~ Q< |Ô~ _. g H~Ô
Hx P~ K ` ~KHx uiQO H_ L<O. XH" g
U^< P^ =z_` ''^=x ^= <# i"~@ ^ J~>_
J~> =H. J HH~_ ^=_ gH (q[~) J#Q , gH `#H
=^ Z~> "f|~^~ #@ ''<# H_ i "~@ "o=~> Z~`
Q~_k, <H_ Q q[(^# )~ a~z=~_k J~>_`# . (71-73)
O
H rq`~ H~ ~zH rqÒ J=^K#O ^= =O~
O_e. ^==O~ O_ J=OQu<~k< H q[~ k~z<
Jx JO~ . H#H ^=_ O#`kHiQ, P# Q~^x J~u= =}~ (Final
authority)Q q~K"~ `= ==O i+i~KH=_xH '`Q`x P~K
_^ . UH H~ W@ ^=xH, J@ `Q`H q^
` K_~ ^~^xH,
H@
qxH xÔ #~ J=Òk.
23. rq` ==OH ~|~k~z# =x~>h ^= =H (~ ) K#
q^#~ HO~ i+i~KHx D H
^=_ =~ # P^t< _. J~>
O x["# qx K|`<_. ''g U =x+ <# fHz# q^<xH J`x
=<c+~ |_ L~_#~`=OH q H_ Jx ^= =H () +~ Q KO.
24. J~> ^~O#H [iQ H$+ }`Q~ K~_x, J=OO =z
#C_
~ =ê =H (~ ) z~z# ~`xH = "x JO~ .
25. L^ ^~ =~ H J~u=q[~ a~z#>H i iu
K=` H#@ #@~k. Z~` #+ O. XH ^
^= =H (~ ) Kx
O# HO H_ >~ k. ^~` =n< K@H L~_ =" Ò `Q
H
Ô ~ =z~k.
< `Q ^_ K _xH < K < Ox,
< `Q
~uX~^~ L~~KOx, < `Q =~ KOHe "y~z `
=OOx O
OQ. D q^~ Q =~ ^# =# }H #" #~_
=C UO_~k. =O" H@
q _^ H_ ZH=~k. J~> u D
H
J=ì~K.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
125
J~> =HH "= Q u

~ k=. kHH =_~ K J}z
" |_
, O+,
# OH~ K_xH gO ^= =O~ Z~^H
O_O? O (^ i~KH) ''^! ÔO x=# D #QO~
#~_ ==e |>H f H_. =H OH}
He~z J~_Q xeKi
<=i<< h " #~_ = ^Qi H ~ Jx "O@H ~@<O! J~>
_` [ OH}
H~ Z~^H O_O gO?26 (74-75)
q ^==O~ O_Ò. uOO"Yi J=~a~z#O
+`< =O~ O_Ò. H#H gO +`< J#KO= H` O_~_.
+`< < H><Qh K |#"# =x `H~_. (76)
''g Kè (^~ KH~_) H P=~K~_, #=* (O<)
==x ~K~_, [H` Ke~K~_ Jx (Q_) P^t~z#ix h=
Q=x~K? WC_ ix (^= =O~ ) O_=x P* i H~Ô
^=xH
_# @ (`)[<x K
~` =}H `<O. J~`H~ >
ZH" _`<O. Q O ''^! (JC_) D ^[# =
Z~^H qk~K=? =iH~` J=H~ Z~^H=^ ? Jx O.
"iH KC : D ~zH M H}
~ QO~, |^^~. H O }
H OH rq`" J`~` +"#k, `"#k. (JH_) gH J}
=`~ H_ J<~ [OQ^ . (77)
WH =$` q+ xH, Jk gO ZH_<, Z> iu =<,
z=iH gO >+ " # = < =<O =z fO`~k. ^x Z=O J_H
O . "iH^< [#~ KH i` ''Wk ^=x ^ = a~z~k J~>O.
#+~ [iy` ''Wk h =~Q [iy~k J~>O. iH KC , J~` ^=x
=< [OQ`~^x. J "iH=~k, U => JO~ K HO? (78)
=#"! hH U " [iy< Jk ^=x ^ =< [OQ`~k. XH"
hH^< H_ [iy` Jk h K*` K H#^x e `=x `H. "=
==^ ()x =` =#o H~ ^==HQ xq~KO. nxH
^=x H " K. H#H Z=O ^= =HH q^
#_K H~>O, O
^=xH q^
#_K H#>. JK H~_ =Y~ uCH~> uCHx.
J~>i H~ "= x# O "HH xQ xq~z ~^ . (79-80)
26. =H, ^x iO ~` W~ Hi~z =n<H =" H #
_` =~ û D H
O#|_~k. J~> _` [# Ô# O
H|~^ #~_ H_~^H =~ ^~ K x ^=_ P^t< _. Wk
Ô ^= x, ^=x # ` H~ [i O@=x YOP< è*~k.
126
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"O H =`~ ''"= gH q^

~ J~>O. Hx h ^QO ~z
"oQh ^=_ i
HO z> #"^K < _. H#H h= ix Qi~z >~ KHH. ^=x
O~ ", P< #=Hx L~_. #=H<iH ^=_ K. (81)
"O YOP< Qi~z Pz~KO? Wk J #~_ QH =O=i
#~_ =z=~> W~^ Z~` ="O ^ ~ L~_k H^! (82)
"O^< ~`+HO# OQx ^ ~^# Hey~K OQx
q~> ^x #" ~* O . J K H~_ O O# ^= =H
HQx, `= <HHQx KO" ^xQi~z O x*x* `Hx
O# xO
~ fHQÒ. g ^=x J#Q ~, P# HO}~ Q#H
H =O> g H~Ô ` J~Ô +`<x J#i~KO. (83)
H#H =H! ^= =O~ O_` L~_. h= h q+ ~ `
=O=i q+ ~# ^ _= H=. J` qe O>xH O
L~_e. Ò< ^=_ ` uOO Hx xsO~ K_ . ^=_ J~î
H~> H= ~`_. P# qk~K tH Jx>H~ > Hi# "# k. (84)
Z=O XH =~z q+x `_ J`xH ^x }~
a ~ k. JQ Z=O XH K_ q+ x O _ J`# ^x e `~
J#q _ . ^=_ uh K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. (85)
q=e Z=O< QO=KH~Q ~ K, gO J~`H~> +~Q
iH u~ K ~_. ^ J^q^~ Q<< K ~_. ^=_ u q+ ~
# g #~_ H fH~>_. P# ` =O PO^^=~ _.
P< J . P# q=~^s
k<# =" O _ . J~^
~^ ~ ^ . ^=x =@H< x["# =@ =O=ik HQ` ~k? (86-87)
Uq>, H@
e QiOz g O~_ Ja27 UO_? ^=_
ix iK+ =~Q (Jq~ ") "#H u"_. ^=_ î
` ~z# _ h= îH f~êK"? J Z#>H fHO=. (88)
27. W~ Hi~z#>H W~ H~^" # =n<H =H~_ =H, WÒ
JOa~`x |Ô^H =^ x=, O y# W~=uOH
HOH ~KH< H@
=~ # Qi~z WH_ q~K_~ [iy~k.
^= =H (~ ) L^ ^xH |î#C_ P# J#KO H~Ô
(H@
î< "#H) uiy "oO. JC_ H~Ô =~ "= #
`=O~ J#~>, =iH~Ô "= # `=OO J<O. P ~Ô ~
D H J=ì~z~k. (|Mi, =~ )
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
127
"O Z Jq O J gOH_ Jq J~Ô

XHq^~ Q L~_x O HOH~@<O. H#H WO HO
~ =ê
O#~`=OH i Z=i`# gO ~K H~_.
O =ê O=_xH
J~wHi~KH ` ix (Ô ~ Q~) ZH_ Hx JH_ @Hx `
=O~_.28 i U XHi`# ~|~^ @HH~_. (89)
J` g` ^ X_~|_H Hki# *u =^H "o, JH_ P ~
~k# H@
=`~ D P[ #~_ q#~K|_O . JQ ^`
qy W@ g`#, J@ `=*u i`# O_H ~_ g^QO H
= H@
H_ D P[ #~_ q#~K|_O .
^=_ `KH~> iH g PkH ` xK_. JC_ O g`
`H~_ O_O. H#H O O~Q~ #~z `CHx g` ^~
K H~_ OrH = (giH J#=O~ Q H xH H ^=H~_.) ix
"k~ K_xH ^=_ gH Z~> HO}~ K^ . (90)
` =iH~Ô H@
L<O. O W@ g`#, J@ `=*u
i `# ~f Y`` L~_x qO . J` gzH` K,
H~, H H XHiQ ^HÒ. J~>O g` O_>x
=#Hx OrH OH `, O ^~K_~ =#H` ix ZH_
Hx JH_ @Hx ` =O~_. J~>i K~ J}K_xH "=
gH iK x<=. (91)
O@# ` `> qx `=O_~ U qH a~K^ . XH"
O@# `=O_~ [iy` J~^H XH x=~H Kxe.
=O " `x OH OHiO~ H_ Ke~Ke.29 XH O
Hq ~z" Jk "O q+ ~. J` `_ g `=OxH K~ k#_,
J`# q H_ J LO>, XH =~ xH Kx K.
JHH~_ `_ gO ~u X_~|_H K H# *uH K~k#_ L~>,
gO `x O H OH iO~` @ XH x=~ H K H_
We. Kx =_xH x H ` ~`H _ =OQ O~_ <@
L=`~ >~Ke. Wk K# `C# `~` ik^H=_xH
28. gO H@
q. Jq` H=H qe H_ JqQ
=O_xH OHO H H@ #`# z "HO. Wg O[~ J~u
J[_ $+~ K_xH _# HHO. J~K` ^ [# >~KH ~_ WQ
JOKH~ , JO $+ ~ > ix `=Ox WH_ ^=_ =~ # P^t< _.
29. OH i O~Q 100 X~> ^ 200 P= ^ 2000 "H Ke~ Kx
^= =H () xO
~KO. Òu H~# W" H=<Q iQ}~ K|_.
128
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^=_ xO
~z# x+$f q^#~. ^=_ =~ è#_, Z~` q"K<
O _. `>qx |k OH~Q `=i#iH =`~ #OH" `y# tH.
JH_ J`# ZH~ _L
~>_. J`x ^" Q ~, Ja~ qOKH
_` . ^=_ J`xH~ O" # `# ^ O z
L~K_. (92,93)
qO! gO ^= =O~ ^xH |î` g `==O,
q`=O qKH}
K K_~_. (`=OxH K~k# =H) Z=O< =~^H
=z gH ~ K gO `~Ô _ h= =~ H^x J#H~_. ^x Ô
~zH [#~ ~^_" g L^= L~>, ^=x ^QO Z#>H
ÒQ x J<H xH L<x `H~_. XHC _ gO H_ J~>
OH^ ! P `~` ^=_ g Z~` " K_. H|> WH #~z U^<
K @_ H "#H=~^ Pz~z =sK ~_. gO K u
xh ^=_ Q=x< L~>_# ~Qu qi~KH~ _. (94)
q Z~> HO}~ H ~_ W~> L~_O, ^= =O~
^# } `l~z O_O- L
=# HO . W~> L~_
i H< ^#}` O_iH ^=_ Q ^, B#`
k_. H ~|~k~z# ^=Q#~ =@H J~îH
=i ~ k. Hx u
~s` W~> L~_iH< ^= =O~ O_
iH ^=_ ZH= B#`Q~ k_.30 (J~>) ^=x ^QO
J~`
, =x~, (^= )HO}~ B#`~ a ~ ^#=@. ^=_
Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (95,96)
30. `y# H, JkHO` @, [H <`$ `~ =~KQ
<H_ H_
L#C_ JÔ ~, J<# J~`"
~k~K_xH J~u= ^# ~ ^" #x 74
#~_ 100 =OH Q H
@~ K < . JnQH W~> i` Ô ^
xH q~z# }HO~ =On ^x H_ D H~k n Ô `~k.
XH`# ^==H (~) xkH =z ''Ô^xH (l^H) `=~
HQ Ò~ U^< L~> < K ~_ J<_. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) ''Ô ^xH
=#"# Ò~ L#@ <H Hx~K_~ ^ J<O. P`~` H>H P#
W J<O: ''J` #H xK. ^ "o# Ò` h= =^ H
"o Z_`Q H ~_ #=A K L~_. JQ =^ XHi H_ qOq~KH ~_
xO~Ò~Q L=` H_ > L~_. =i #q K Q? ^xH
=H ''W Z=O K QO~_? J<_. (|Mi, =~ )
=OH n ^= =H (~ ) W =z~KO: ''J=OQ` _# XH gO
^ _ (+ ^) ` O~ "t ~z# U =H H_ ~ K~ ^
h Wz< O,
uiy WHxH =_xH qO W+ _ _ . J=OQ` _# gO ^ _ J=OQu
(+ ^`) H ~|~k~z# QO#` K=~>_ Q#H, J`# =m WHxHo
k~J
< (^~ K) gO=O}~ ~^x HOH~>_. (|Mi, =~ )
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
129
31
^=^` `=H`= J<~ KH#i } f

''giC_ Uu L<O? Jx tO . ^xH O ''"= ^~ K
|#Q, _` Q L~_~ J#~>O. JC_ ^= ^` ''^=x
q q~Q^ gO L#K@ #~z =~K>H = =_xH? Jx
J_QÒ. J~> iH #OH x" `y#tH. Jk ~= K_x ~. (97)
J` Z@ " x, Z~> ^s `# H#Ox |#, _`
#
,
, O+ =`~ (DtH #~z q#~K|_O ). ^=_
ix Ò< Hq _ . ^=_ Z~`H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (98,99)
^= =O~ WHe =ê = O _q =~z P ~,
q"# K@, r=<k ~^_xH Z~` J=H~ L~k. ^=x " #H,
P#=H " #H `# W~> #~_ = =H î Q#H =$``
_` , J`xH u
~ k~K ^ ` ^=x L~k. ^=_ Z~` H= je,
Jq` ^ =_. (100)
gO ZH_H< }" " #=*# `y~ z K H_~ Z~>
`C ^.32 =Y~Q Jq q=e "kOx =~> J
K =K. Z~^H~> O |O~Q~Q g` qO^xH _O . (101)
=H! h= (^ O~Q~) =~ ^QO~_ iH <H`~
=~z #=A K _xH LHq~z#C_ i XH =O~ P^
î ~z h` @ x|_e. O ~Q}=~ K O# =y~KQ<
"#H "oe. P Ò ` W~H O# K x O~_= =O~ =z h` H
O# Ke. O H_ P^ î~z J=` L~_e.
Z~^H~> gO Q#H g P^, WÒ =y q+~ U=`~
J*Q`Q L< O XHiQ g qOKH_~ ^H HKHx L~>O.
31. gO == #O. J` ^= =H (~ ) P[ HO~ W~ H~^" #
=n<H =H~_ `=
~< W~ ~^` @, |^ O^H
PKO# H_ > |^ O^H =^ JO= ~ Q rq L~_O.
32. ~u ^`
<H# Ô} i` XH }H _ X~@iQQx,
^ XHiH~> ZH==~k }H =H~QQx #=A K = =z
#C_ <Q OH` ~ #=* O~_ OH` =`" Ke. nx ''Y
#=* J~>O. J~> AO, J, W " <Q OH`H |^ O~_
OH` =`" O #=* K e. #`, #
#=A K H< O ^ .
K =~z^. J` * "
x #` #=*, W "
x q` #=* =`~ =ê
@H _^ . ` =H #=*H xH =H <H` ~ (W==`) =~z#C_
J`x "#H #=* K }H _ <Q OH` O #=*x `y~ KH _^ .
<Q OH` iQ >~Ke.
130
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
XH" =O~ = gH" < JHO ~Q L~>, ^ gO kQ

L~> P^ f H # @_~ Z~> `C ^ . J#>H g
*Q` gO~_@~ K J=O~. ^=_ Jq H~ J`~`
J==#HO= ~# `# ^ O z
L~K_. (102)
Pq^~Q (O#) =y# Ò` gO xx, HOx, _Hx
Z~> u L< ^=_ i L~_~_. ~u` `=O}~
<H#_~ [iy` i #=A K e. x*xH #=* q x=~
` H~_ "H qkQ >~K=# q^ H^ O ~. (103)
`=Ox "~|_~K_~ U=`~ J`~ î~KH~_. gH
H+~ Q L~^~> gQ g `= H_ H+ _ `<O. J` O
Pt~Kx^x gO ^=x#~_ Pt< O. ^=_ O ~ Ziy#_, Z~`
q"H= ~`_. (104)
==^! ^=_ hH K# =O~ J#i~z h= [ ==
O i+i~K_xH "= ` i`" # Q~^x h J=ì~* =.
H#H h= huxi " x|_ k~KH .33 ^=_ H= aH Ji L~_.
P# QH= je, Jq` ^ =_. P`^xH __x Z#>H
=i~KH . è, q `H e ^=_ Z#>H q~K_ . (105-107)
Y #=* K _xH @i `# x=~K Ti #~_ KO H< ~`~ Hh~
77 Hg@O ÔO L~_e. ^xH ~> Y (`y~ ) K J#=u ^ . JQ
P ~`~ 15 OAH~> `H = H~ Q_ L^ = L~_e. J~`H~ > ZH=
OA~_ L^ =` Y K H_^ . i #=* K e.
J[_, JO` ^ `=O}~ <Hx L# JÔ} i` H_ O
#=*x Y (`y~ z) K H=K. J` P u O # =* O~_ OH` ` x
iQ K # x=~ ^ . iu x |> XH OH` J< K =K. #=*,
WÒ J~ H_ _e ~H J#=u L~k.
33. D H
O~_ =Y q+ K |_. (1) YOP< * O
O, m>H, HO H~_ =`" =#=xH =O~ K_xH O^ . Wk
=#oH = r=#~~Q =O^ O #~ K _xH J=ì~z~k. Wk =lH,
PiH, O[H =e H_ i+i~KQO`#k. (2) H, <H, <k
HO =e i+i~K_~ `=O-OO, =~ -=" Ò J#
q=H KH ~_ x+H `~Q ==i~Ke.
=n< |+O J< =~ =~ =~ H K~k# ^H = KO ^~ye~K_.
JkHO ^x POf_xH u~z#C_ |+O P ^~Q`# XH ^x
WO\ ^z>_ . H=K~ [=x |+O g^ J#=#~ "e|K_. JC_ ^=
=H (~ ) H=K~ ~Qu J_y` |+O, J`x |~^ = H_|Hx ^~Q`< x
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
131
gO `= K+e [ H~@|_H~_ ^KQOQx ^=x H~@|_

H~_ ^KO . O Ou
^=x JcxH =uOH~ Q O =~`<
[OÒ. Hx JC_ H_ ^=_ `=# "#~> L~>_# ~Qu =Oz
`<O. ^=_ i KO x>h i"+~ z L<_. (108)
(=~ O!) ~ K rq`~ =`~ gO "i H # "k~KQ
O.
Hx
k<# "iH # ^=x =~^ Z=O k~KQ
O? JH_
ix H_ <^ _=O? Z=~< U^< HOxH _@" ^ `#H
`# J<~ K H=_ [iy P `~` ^=x xk H= } KC
H~>, ^=_ QH= je, J~ ^ =_x J`# `H~>_.
^xH|^ Z=O< HOxH _` P ^+e `~ J`_ K@
H~@~k. ^=_ =q + Ziy#_, Z~` q"H= ~`_. (109-111)
Z=~< U^< <O~ K ^x U~ ZOQx J=Hx "`, WH
J`# O"# Jx~^#, +"# x =@H@H#>. (112)
==^! h ^=x HO}H>H Q#H ~> (h iu U"
L~_^), i XH=O~ x# `C `= >~ K_xH H~H}~ H@H ~k. Hx
O `=#`= ` Z=ih `C `= >~ KO . O
hH g" `
#+~ H_ Hey~KO . ^=_ h k=Q~^x, q"Hx J=ì~* hH
èx q+ < è*_. P# ^ h Z~`Q< L~k. (113)
P ^xH <>" O. ^_ qKi `<~ ZOQ# x J<_.
J` |+O |~^ =~` |+O " # =H KHx P ^_ ^= =H
()# xOHi~z# Jq J#~^# J`x =@ #=H_^x , `= K|`
#^ x[=x Q>Q k~KO. D ^# q# ^==H () |+OH J#H~Q
fi=_xH ^= O. iQ P =~ D H
(105-113) J=ì~K.
JC_ ^= =H () P =~ H =uOH~ Q, ^xH J#H~Q fiKO.
HOH H ~_=# ~Qu J~îH è~^. <kHi ==O iO~
Z~` =O_ # >H `# =~^H =z# H, ^## |> fi=Q_. =`~
=Q HCH# ÔO# Qi~K_~ K H+"# x. J~^= Wg
# XHi J=H# ="Ò `~ tHH QO =^~
L~@~k. J~> u ^= =H (~ ) =" Ò @ J<xH _
=~ # Ki W J<O:
''Z=O< XH =~ (Wg O[~) X_~|_H^ O_# =" Ò Ox
Ô# ~ K< , J`x H H*< , J`x HH q~z# (OH}
O~) O~ "< ,
^ J`x ="^< |=~`~Q fH< k<# ^=<#~ [iQ
qKO} <# P =" Ò x Ò # <kQ x|_`#. (J|^=^)
132
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Ô}~Q [ [i O =~`< Z~> L~_^ .

J` ^#Ô # Qi~z O ~Q U^< `^ ~ K ^ =~^<
Ò~ K_xH H [ ==O KHk^_xH Z=i` U^<
J~> J~^ Z~> J ~Ò~ ^ . Jk =~z q+ ". Z=O< ^=x
#` H~ W K J`xH "= Q u~ k=. (114)
<O~ Uq> += " ~< ^= =H# kH i q #_K
î H^x "O (_)î > #_K _ "= J`# #_K î< #_ ~.
~. ^=_
(z=iH) "= J`_ #OH~ H `" =.34 Jk O= K_
`#H > He~K_x Z> iu # Hq ~K_ . Jk ` =~ #
< `# `KH~> Hq ~KQ
_. ^=xH >He ~z#_ <OxH
|Ô~ _# >. "O x[^=_ =ê ^=`#|_ (qQ )#
l< O. O
q^ J# +`<x POk < O. (115-117)
+`<x ^=_ ~K_. J`# ^=x` W J<_: ''<# h
^ F xs` =Ox `H~_ =O+e K#. <# i J<H
= He#. <xK P^~ ` O = K= pe"O ^= $+x
Ò=O KO.
^=_ =ê W~> +`<x ~OHH xQ K H#O O~Q #+
Ò. _ =#=H (<Oi~K) Q< K i (xx) P
OHu _ . Hx +`< Q<h => |@H~, "~ =`" . (118-120)
J~> iH #OH" (J~u=) x~ J=`~k. JH_~z O U
q^~ Q# |@_
O . nxHa# ~Q `x q~z ^KO ~##
ix "= O =~K (O) =< "t ~* =. JH_
O HH~ (Q) L~>O. Wk ^=_ K # x["# Q#~. ^=x
=@H< Z=i=@ ZH= x[==`~k? (121-122)
e`~ g HiHQx, Q~^[ HiHQx PÔ_ L~_^.
Z=O< ~ K_ x K J`# ^x O =#~ J#q _ . WH ^ cxH
34. x (
) J^~x 105,106 H
H O# ^ zH |+O J<
H@
=~ ^~Q`# ~K ^x U " OQx XH ^xH J~@Q># ~Qu Kk"
L~>O. P ==O~x x*x*q> ^=_ è*# Ò ` ^= =H (~ )
P H>
= ~ H =uOH~ Q fiz# ~Qu H_ è~^. D fO` Y~Qu# P
ÔO_ W~H q=Y_ _. J~`>` PQH~_ J`# =H "o
Jq` H W~H, ^= =H (~ )H |^ `" _. J`# J=~a~z#
D ^+ "Y
i< D H
Z~_Q@
_ ~ [iy~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
133
35
=uOH~Q J`xH Z~> ~, =i~ a~K=. ~<

O+~< q~z#~~ L~_ Ò K ` H~_ O~
"t O . iH U=`~ J<~ [OQ^ . (123-124)
XH =H `## `# ^=xH iQ =i~KHx `^# Q}~Q `#
#_=_H# ik^H <_. J`# W~ ~^x H_ > < _,
^=_ `# q`_Q K H# W~ ~^x. W~> =H rq`~
H~> =O=i rq`q^#~ +#^=`~k? =H =# =~
^=x". P# u == h i"+~ z L<_. (125-126)
[ x# q+~ (^=x) P[ Uq@x J_Q`<O.
iH =^#q=: ''^=_ gH q+ ~ `# P[ è* < _.
^~`@ D Q~^~ Wk=OH gH è# P[ H_ QOK
< =.
J~> (g ~O H}
=~_) J<^ eH Qi~z# P[. i H
gO <O"OO iH o K ~O. (^ O` ~Q g~
ix _QOÒ.) JQ |##

H ~|~k~z# P[
H_. J<^ q+ ~ <~Q ==i~Kx ^=_ q=e
L^t < _. gO U =~zx K< Jk ^=xH `~ k. (127)
U J< O `## "k<_x ^ iQ Pî~K_~^x
q~z #C_ OO OO~ ~k~KHx OH` J~^
35. J|M Ô =k (O ) nx Qi~z W Mx~KO:
''Q~^ [ `= ^=x ^=x, WÒ U H ^=x ^QO @|_
Ò `= H @|_=x, `= =H
`=# P^H~>Ox q< O.
=~ H_ J*# `=# Qi~z WQ q< O. Hx K_ x Z=O K<
tH J#q _x , J`xH Z=i ~ a~K^x ^=_ è* < _.
^ `=e `= J~îH< Z~` q`=x KC H=_" QH, `=
U~ K< O~ `=H ` H~_ a ~ ^x qO . ~^= H_ XH=O~
J~îH~> =~^ `=H |`~ = =`~^x q~k. H = J`kH =~k
`= Zx K =~ H_ XH =O~ ^^ W~> = H #
L~k. =Y~Q J*#, O O , ` O PKi~K_xH |^H ~ KO `=
Zx K_ Q HOH< `= =H (~ ) `=# P^H~>Ox, ^=x ^QO
`=# Qi~z O KOx q< O. D =< ix =ix K_ H <>
"~k. =~" D `C _ =#` O ^= =H (~ )# ^=x H KOO.
gi $^ ^= =, ^= c` H< =Ha= #" ZH=Q O= `H`~k.
J~^H ^ [ |O~Q~Q HO|_`< giH p=H># @ H_ L~_^ .
134
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
`C^. J O OH=_" O^ O~. $^

~Hz`` ~ " ZH=Q "Q` . J` gO O O~ a+`,
^=cuO}` ==i L~_~_. gO K #x>h ^=_
Q=x< L<_. (128)
O~î @ =# ^$+` =H~@ iH i<~
KH O_~ g HH q~z# x. gO `z< J K O . J< gO
XH O " iQ "y =OH"# _=# u _"
H~_.36
g "Y
i ik^H x ^=xH
_ ` =H~_. ^=_ Q H= je,
Jq` ^ =_. XH" ^~` eO=O q_=_xH xO
~KH~>
^=_ `# JO H
H
` ix XHi =OHO U=`~ PÔ_ x
iQ K Q_. ^=_ OQ` _, Z~` q"K< O _. (129,130)
=H L# =~ ^=x^. hH, hHO~ Q~^~ W=|_#
iH H_ "= ^=x@
H
HeyL~_< P^t~KO. XH"
gO (=) P^x J~wHi~KH ` x=~_. =H L# =~
^=x^. P# xOHO _, Z~` ~ h_. ^=_ =H=#
=xH [=x. HO
`H P# XH_ K. (131-132)
^=_ `KH~> q=e `y~z g #~ WÒe fH
OQ_. J K _~ P#H ^ H+" g H^. H=~ SH u
~
HOH<_, ^=x ^QO SH u~` @ OH u~ H_
L~^x `He. ^=_ =~ q~@<_, K< _. (133-134)
qO! <xH H@|_ L~_~_. ~Q gHQx, g è
^~_HQx ^ g |~^ =HQx #+~ >e< ~ ^=x H~ x["#
H~ W=~_. HHÔ_ ^xH_<, ^_
^=_ ZH= a+. H#H gO g =<~Ke J#i <xH
u^H W=H~_. XH" gO q+ x =HHi ^ x*x ^@"
gO K^~` ^=_ Q=x~ >_x `H~_. (135)
q O! J #, P # = H # , P # ` # = H
J=ì~*# ^xx (YOP<x), J~`H O~ J=ì~*# (Ò`,
Wh "^#) >x (=#iQ) q~K~_. ^=_, P# ^è,
P# Q~ê. P# =He ,
k<x q~K_xH xOHi~z#
_ =O + ` ~ _ |Ô~ H@H #>.
`x q~z# `~` uO i~z, =mq~z, uiy uO i~z,
z=iH P uOO ~< H@H ix ^=_ Z#>H Hq ~K_ .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
135
iHH <O~ K_~ H_ [OQ^ . (136-137)

=H! qe =ê Jq` ~K H@
H ÔO = ~#
(#OH) tH _`~^x O qx~K! gO QO==O^ H~ i
^QO H " < O? Hx QO==O^h ^=x Ku< L<. (138-139)
ZH_< ^=x H xOHi, >x J~ K_~ K,
[#~ P q+~ =i "O q+~ =>_#~`=OH gO i K~`
HOH~_. nx Qi~z D Q~^~ gH Wk=OH P[ W=|_~k. (D
q+~ qi~z) gi K gO H_ i =kiQ< JÒ.
Ò< ^=_ H@
e, Jq e #OH~ XHK@ gHi_ . (140)
D H@
q giu Q=x J=H~H~ ZÔK< O.
^=x ^= gH q[~ a ''"= g`@ =? J~>O
O. ù~~H q[~ a~K K# Hx i` ''gH
=uOH~ Q O_ H =H ^? J#>H "= K H~_ =~
#~_ q=e H_= Jx J~>O. gO~î ==Oe Qi~z ^=_
~Q (O )
k<# fO x_ . ^=_ q (` u~~
~#) JqH Z#>H PkH ` x=_. (141)
D H @ ^ = _ " y ~ E < O . Hx ^ = _ ix
"y<_. (P ~Qu O Q~K_O ^.) O O# K_xH
x~> |^H ~ K H=~ H "CH~ x|_Ò. Q ^=_
K`H=Q iO.37O J@W@ HH~_ q~, Jq
=^ Ty_`<O. H#H (=H!) ^=_ î `~z#_H h=
U=`~ î K= . (142-143)
36. WÔ H J~`H< ZH==~k O L#C_ O+_ i =^
Jx q^ =#`~ >~K_ . O =^ L~_ J~^~, =, =~,
POQ~ "^# =` HO}~Q J`# O~^s =# ^$+` K_@~, XH
q^~ Q q~K_~ [~Q< ^ ~ H^. J` J~`=`# PHO}
x O#
iQ qi~z PHO}
Q O" "Q_ ~ =~ H^. WÒ == OQ
P" H QOq~Ke. ~ yH ==O~ iQ =#`~ >~KH < WÒ
==O =@H ~O =#`~ >~Ke.
''Z=iH< WÔ O~_, iî He <~Q, =#~Q, =~[~
Q xOi~KH `, fOk<# J`# Q~ sO~ H`_. P u < (J~ s~O`
=k #~_) z=_ J<O ==H ==^ (~ ). (uil)
37. H@
e Qi~z W`~ q=OH 107:4-7H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
136
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
qO! gO `> qe H^x Jq` ~ K H~_.

gO ^=x xk ~Q g g^< x~^ "HêKO? q#~_,
H@
#OH~ J~îH~> J@_ Q Q# L~>O. iHH ~K
O=O gH Hx~KO . J` O (WH~<) `~ K~k `=
#_=_H# ik^ Hx, ^=_< Q>Q #=Hx, ^=x H" `= Ô x
` H~KH~>- J~> O uiy qQ iQ}~ K|_Ò. Ò<
^=_ qH =#` u
~ k_ . gO Q#Q H$À

q"Y i J=~a ^=_ q=e J#=O~ Q Z~^H tH _ ? ^=_
Z~` Pî~K_, O ~ è#_ H_. (144147)
=x+ `#H J<~ [iy` ` Z=i q+~# Ô+H
kQ_x ^=_ "K_.38 ^=_ =~ q<_, O~ Ziy#_.
(J<~ [iy#C_ xO# è=K) J` gO |O~Q~Q#,
O ~Q# =~z< K L~_~_. ^ Hh~ K_ (eHi)x H= =~
` LH~ K~_. JC_ ^=_ H_ (q=e) Hq _ . P# Z~` H
=~`_. (J#>H g|#è LH < _x `H~_.) (148,149)
H~Ô ^=_, P# =He q~K_xH xOHiO. ^=xH,
P# =HH =^ Ò`= $+~KQO` ''"= H~îx
#=Ò, H~îx #=O J~>O. Q q~, Jq =^ F
38. <O =~z^
` TO =~z^=`~^~>O. <O Z<< =~z #
K ~ k. =x+ QO==Oê Oz, ~ ~ J`xH =~z #~ =Hi _~ k.
J` J^` ` D<O =x+H WO Z< P^
`z_~ k. ^=x ^$+

<>^ O, Ô+, Jj~ f=# <O. g>H O
H~ =x+ #OHt H J#
q~K= =~ k. g>x Qi~z ^= =H( ~ ) W =z~KO:
''
k<# q ` L~K|_ J`~` |O# == J`x `=O< .
<>` Jj =@ eH_, Ô+
__ ^=_ J ~KH~>_. (uil)
H~Ô H Z~` HO}Q Hx~z<, O `= <>` WÒe
ÒK
Q k ~ >O. J~>iH D H~k n KH x Q}O~ .
XH =H ^= =H (~ ) ^QO H =z ''
< Z< #
(SzH) #=A
K ~ k. =O< #
L > ~ k. (^Z `# ) ^#Ô H_ K ~ k.
D Ò P" O~k~k. Hx P" ÒKQ <>` WOQOQix
k ~ kJ<_. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) ''J` P #OHxH `~kJ<O. uiy
P=H W J<_: ''^= =H!
< #
L K JO^Q > ~ k.
#
#=A H_ K `H =Q< PKi~ k. JC_C _ Hx A# Q_e ^#~
K ~ ^x fu. J` P" `# <>` WOQOQix k~K^x [#~ KC
H~>O. ^= =H D=@ qx ''P" Ox J=`~^x KO. (q`)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
137
(H`) =O~ Hx@ êKO. W~>~ HO _Q># Jq. Jq

H~ "= J`~` J==# HO" # `# ^ O z
L~K=. (150-151)
nxH a#~Q ^=_, P# =H
# q~z, i =^ Z~>
Ò `= $+~ KxiH "= ` H~_ `y# u
~ k=.
^=_ Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (152)
(==^!) D Q~^ [ `= PH~ #~_ <O Q XH Q~^<
J=ì~*
=x x# J_Q`<O. Hx gO Q`~ =# W~`
H~> Ô}"# HO< HOO. O `=H ^=_ `H~Q K=x
=# J_QO. P àO Y
i HO}~Q) P=^_# ^= ~Q
K Hx l~K_~ O~a~KO. O W~`H =~^ Z< ==
K=<O. (J< O =m J=O~ < _ O.) O, J~`>
OxH _< "= i `C e LH~ KO. "= =H +" #
P*=ox (J~> ~uH O|_# k P[#) k~K=. (153)
P Ò ` (D P*=ox tO=~K q+ ~) i Ò O `x
Zu>
iK` =}~ K~K=. (=OHi) "= ix, #QO^ O~
Q~_ ~Q_ ` eH "t ~K=x P^t~K=. ("OHi) "=
iH |` (xO~)x=~ L~~K=^x K=.39 D q+~
# iK` =}~ K~K=. (Hx ^xH O H@|_ L~_^ .)
Dq^~ Q O (Z<) =} L~ ~KO. O ^=x H

uO i~KO. J<H =~k ^= =He J<~Q `=OO. W~`K
H_ (O `= P`kx Q_H~@) `= $^ Q|
^~Q L<x KC H<O. g@x> HO}~Q< (^=_ ix ~ K_).
x*xH i uOO~, àO`< =~Q ^=_ i $^
H> =" _. J~^=< O K `H =Q qO . (154-155)
J~`H^, O `= Jq "Y
i =i~` =~^H =O~
g^ O"# Jx~^ H_ "O. Q O (Q q_z) ''"=
=O~ H=O_ D = ^= =H# K~~ Jx K QO. Hx
O
Px K~^ . = ZH~K# ^ . P q+ ~ O
J#=<H QiK|_O. ^x qa# Ja "e|z#O
H_ J#=#~< _O. ^x Qi~z i ^QO Z~> *#~
39. q=OH 2:65 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
138
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^ . TQ< =`" K < O. x~^ ~Q O = x K~^

^=_ Px `# Z` H<_.40 ^=_ OH=~`_, J`~`
q"H= ~`_. (156-158)
Q~^ [ U XH_ D =O}xH O~ q~KH ~_ L~__ .
k<# J`# iH =uOH~ Q (^=x =~^) H q_ . (159)

^Q =i#O (Dq^~Q) Z< J<, JH=H
_O. O ^==O~ P@~H $+O. =_ x+k~K|_#>H
O ^x (x~HK~Q) fH~>O. [ =# JH=^` Ô
H*O . D HO} = "= Q`~ Ô =`~ K |_# J<H i^
== e iH x+k~K=. i Jq# i H~ "= ÔO " #
(#OH) `#e ^ O z
L~K=. (160-161)
J` i iO* #~ HO, qh h J=ì~z#
^x, hH O~ J=ì~z#>x q<O. W~> qH,
#=* [H` q^ e >~KiH ^=_, J~u= k<x ^$_~ Q #"iH
"= `H~_ Q u~ k=. (162)
(==^!) "= #H, J`x `~` =z# =H
H Uq^~ Q
k=*#~ J~^* hH JQ J~^*<=. "= W~,
W~, W M, Y, Y ~`#O, D, J, #,
O<, = < (J) H k=*#~ J~^* =. ^=^ (J) [|~
kOKO. h ~O =z# =H
HOî =$Ò` h è=.
J<H=Ok =$Ò` è* ^. "= = (J)` #~`
(` H~ Q) ~+~K=. (163-164)
40. nx|> D=H (J )# ^ = K~^ x , Px e#
"~ =Hx K~L~>Ox `~k. = J< H = ~_` _ ''Z # P H
J< Q~^~ D q+ x q ''UH J = < ZH~K|_^ x ,
UH |^ =< J< =H = ZH~K|__x O#@ ==^ M~
M<QO `# M# ` Y~P< J#^~ è*O. J~`H^, D Hx
|> D=H [ =O}~ H_ ~^^ x , ^=_ Px r=~Q, s O~Q `#
Z`H <_x `~k. (3:55 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
Hx n HO~
xH =~^ [` D (J ) uiy ~ K~
H =Ox , P# ^ <H_# ^*x ~iOx `~k. J~>
^=_ Uq^~ Q Px Q_ s O~Q `# " Z`H <_, J^q^~ Q
xH
=~^ =m Px s O~Q q k~K`_#@. XH n HO~ P#
(ix) _= Ò Q# XH `q <O =^ kQÒx `~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(4. x)
139
D =H~Ô "O #~^*"iQ, Ki~K"iQ K ~

|_O . W ^= =H
=z# Ò` [H WH ^=x ^QO H K
_xH PO ~ L~_ ^ . ^ = _ J^ O } H ~ # _ , J` ~`
q"H=~`_. Hx ^=_ h J=ì~*#^xx `# *#~u`<
J=ì~*#x Hq<_. J~^H ^=^` H_ HQ
L<O. J XH ^=x H " K. (165,166)
H#H nx xOHi~z, WÒ e H_ ^= =O~ H OH~_ xOk~K
O x~^ ~Q =O +
`xH |Ô~ "oO. Dq^~ Q
àO, uOQ@ "Yi J=~a~z J<~, JH=H _
ix ^=_ Z#>H Hq ~K_ . P# iHH #OHxH î` =O
^s K_. #OH~< O (<<`# J#q) ZH~ _
L~>O. W K _~ ^=xH U=~` H+" g H^. (167-169)
=#=O! D =H g = #~_ g ^QO H `x fHK_.
^x q~K~_, gH " [OQ`~k. ^x q~K_xH xOHi
QO~ KH~_, =H =# =~ ^=x^. P# =~ è#
_. Z~` q"H= ~`_. (H#H gO P# @#~_ ` ~KHO .)
(170)
Q~^ [O! gO gÔ ~ q+ ~ Ju xH ^
gO
H~_. ` ~ ` ^=xH =O q+ h Pk~KH~ _. =O~ H=O_
D = ^=x =H
XH =H ` =Og H^. HH` P#
''=O~ ^QO H ^=_ ~# XH P[ ^=x ^QO # ~_ (=O~H) ~|_#
XH P` =`.41 (D P[, P` =O~ QO ~ a_O ~ ~ì~K
41. WH_ D =H (J )# ^=x P[`, P# " #~_ ~|_# P`
(Oq# )` _~ [iy~k. J` H = Ju xH D^x ^=x
P` (O )Q JO~ fH<O. JQ =H
H ^= ~^~ KO" ^= ^`#
^=_ `# Q~^ ''i^` Jx =i, H = nx D (J ) J~`s# ~
K |_# q``Q iQ}~ KO. D q^~ Q O H q ^ gi,
`= ~H$` u`~ (Trinity) D=H (J)# H_ XH ^=_Q
K H<O. (WÒ q=OH 21:91, 32:9 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.)
^= =H
#, =O+# i x+=} `~` [ ^g i# ~
` PHxH Z`_ ~ , iH xx Jf~k H e Pk~K_~ , z=iH ix ^=x
H KO _~ J<k #~z =# J*# KO . J~> H_
H =^x ^=_
D H
H = H `=K , W@ =~ # H_ OH~ Q Ki< _.
Hx D<_ H~Ô =~ H_ Dk KKH=z~k. O ==H
==^ (~ )x ^^ ^=x H KOO. ^=xH Q P#H JQKO *#~
140
(4. x)
Y~P< "=$Ò
H<.) H#H gO ^=_, P# =He q~K~_. =QO (^=)

J#H~_. J J#_~ =< gH H = ~. xH ^=_ XH_. P#H
H=O_ L<_x J#_~ `Q^ . J~> |#`H ^=_ Jf`_,
Z~` i^_ . =H L# =~ ^=x^. Jx>H P< q,
[=x. >~ OH}
, xO}H P# XH_ K. (171)
= `# ^=x ^ XH ^}x KC H=_xH Z#_ Q _
^ . J`~` x`# ^= ^` H_ ^x Q K
@
Q q~K^ .
XH" Z=O< ^=xH ^~ K _~ `#H Q K
>
~# q+ =x q~z
J~HO~ =~> (J~> =H XH q+~ `He), ^=_
=#~kx F OA =" O z
`# =~^ x@H ~>_. (172)
JC_ q~z Ò K= #O `=H O=# u
x
iQ ~^Ò. ^=_ `# ` H J#Q ~` iH =i~` H$`
~
H_ k_. ` ^=^x `=H J==#H~=~# q+~Q
q~z J~HO~ =~z#iH =@H ^=_ ÔO = # (#OH) tH
qk_ . ^=_ H^x ~OH}
H~ O Z=O=ix #=H<O
i UXHO POA ix P^H=_xH =~^H OO. (W #=H#
~^s O #>@
=~KÒ.) (173)
L~^x, P# =##*uH K~k#O H^x k< O. J~>O YOP<
x D He Qi~z Pz~Ke:
''=` =H ^=_ ` =O=O JQKO *#~ (Jf~k *#~)
HO O . (27:65)
''^=_ =`" QKO, JQKO Ziy#_. O K# |Ô^#
(+O )H P# Z~` Jf`_. (23: 92)
''==^ (~ ) i` W J#:- < ^QO ^=x xH L<xQx,
<# JQKO *#~ H_#xQx <# g` J#_~ ^ . <# ^= ^`#x H_ KC
H=_~ ^ . (6: 50)
''=H! KC :- <# g~> =#=_. HH` g PO^ ^=_ XH_ Jx
<H kq+$u (=) Ô è* |_`~k. (18: 110)
^= =H (~ ) Fi O` ` ''gO `@ J~@H@_ ~ =k =~z^"
K_~_ J<O. ^~` O J~@H@_ ~ =<O. ^x= P_
~
`y ~k. J_ ^= =H (~ ) ''<# =#=_ =`" . J~K` <# Ô ==
O U^< P* ^x >~K~_. (WÒ ==O) < ~` Ja~`
U^< Ka`, (J~^ O@O_=K) <# =#=_ =`" J<~. (=~ )
Y~P< "=$Ò
(5. =~^)
141
=#=O! g = " #~_ g ^Qi H +" # =}~ =z~k.

"= (g J*<~^HO~ Ô~K OA=O~ K_xH) g ^QOH
+" # *u ~=.
H#H ^=x H
q~z P# K# Ô x Q>Q P~z#
ix P# `# HO}#Q (O~ )H "t ~* _ . J~`HH~_
`# ^QO H KO H=_xH u#x =O~ H_ K`_. (174-175)
[ x# xOO_ q+~ ^[ Uq@x J_Q`<O.
iH KC : ^=_ gH `# P[ qx< _Z=O< ~`#O`_Q Kx`, J`xH XH î =`~ L#
H~ J`x P
P"H JO Q~ a ~ k. î Q#H ~`#~ H ~_
Kx` P" Ô _ P" PH O _=`_.
=$`xH O Q WÔ ^s L#C_ iî H J`x P

=_~@ O~_ =~` P a ~ k. J<H= ~k J#^=, JHK
Q#H L~>
H XH>, O+H ^xH O>~ > a ~ k.
gO î` uOQH ~_ L~_~^H ^=_ Dq^~ Q g `# P[e
q_=Oz è* < _. P# = q+ Ziy#_. (176)
5. =_~ z# qi (=~^)
J=Ò} : =n<
H: 120
D J^x ''=^ J~>O (PO^ O` H_# qi ). Wk

â X~^~ Ò` rH~ PO U@ z=i k< H r U_
U@ O~ k< J=ì~z~k. nx Wu=$`~ Q=x "`~ J^~
XHi J=ì~z L~_=Kx `~k. ^ ~Ô#O~ Hx q+
XHi, =iHx q+ =OHi H_ J=ì~zL~_=K. Ò`
Wu=$`~ s` @x>h XH J^~ H~^ KO|_. nx =_
~Q =^~Q iQ}~K=K.
"^> ~Q~ =~ îH, ~$uH, O[H O~Q Hx
P[ O#|_. O~_= ~Q~ =~ hux= >
^=Ô~ O~Q L~_x, W"Ò ^è, ^~^ =}# =ê
O `= ==Ox>h ^[ HO" i+i~KHx K_~
[iy~k. =_= ~Q~ ^, H= `= `C_ =`q
=ê, J~u= ^==H (~)# q~z, P# K OA=Ox
J#i~Kx k~K_~ [iy~k.
142
(5. =~^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~
qO! x= x|~^# # iQ >~K~_. WH=~^ gH

è * q ` =e e# K` ^h g H~ Ô =`~
K |_. J` W~ (H` nH) L#C_ =`~ ">_>x
Ô =`~ K HH~_. ^=_ `#`KH# P^~ *sK_ . (1)
qO! ^=xH ~|~k~z# (Ô ) z# JQOO K
H ~ _. x+^
= U =x Ô=`~ KHH~_. |e=e H@H~_. ^=xH
Ji~K _xH "H|_ K#Q "_ >_ H># =e H_
k~KH~ _. JQ `= = J#Q ~, # `# ~^ L^ ~`
uxH (J~> HQ$xH) i *eH H_ H~_. W~ (nH)
=y# Ò ` gO xO ~Ò~ Q ( H ^#) ">_=K.
*Q`! H~Ô q=e uxH H~_ xOk~KO# PQ ~`
qugi i Ô#~ KH_^ =!! Ò, ^=HH
~|~k~z# # OO~ Hi~KH~_. J~`Qx, HO,
~Ô< =`~ Z=i`# Hi~KH_^. ^=xH _~_.
P# (<O e ) K Hi# ~Q tH _x `H~_. (2)
`=~`@ `= Kz# H , OH~ , ~k=~~, ^" ` O O`
H|_# H , TO_H ^ ^|ux ^ Z` ^ ~ #~_ _
Kz# [~`= gH x+k~K|_. r=~Q L~_Q< gO ^=x
O` H#q ` H=_~ = Kz# [~`=, HO=$Q~ ^_` =$u
K~k# = H_ x+k~K|_. W~H qQ =~^ (WÒ ^" ` O
z =~^) |e=|_# = H_ x+k~K|_.1 JQ zH
Ô *`H~ `H< û H_ x+k~K|_~k. W=h HO.
` u~~ g Ô ~ Qi~z WC_ iQ P =^H<O.
H#H g~ iH U=`~
_H ~ _. <H
_~ _. <h OA gH~
g Ô x (=Q r=# ==Q ) iO~ K#. g H~ < J#Q x
iQ <O" O #. g H~ W~# g r=#Ô ~Q P"k~K#.
(H#H WH #Oz D x+k` *eH H~_.) J` f="# PHe` L~_
=Oî #C_, g> ^#< ~ K L^ ~ H ~_ HkQ u~>
O" ^ . ^=_ Hq ~K_, HO }~K_. (3)
[ `=H UU == Ô =`~ K |_ x J_Q`<O.
iH KC, g H~ i^ ==h Ô=`~ K|_. ^=_
1. D H` @ 2:173, 6:145, 16:115 H
H_ K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(5. =~^)
143
gH k~z# *#~` gO tH}

Wz# "@[~`= g H~ >K

r# H_ gO u#=K. J` "@ H~ "@[~`=e =k@C_
^=x O i~z =ê@~_. ^=xH ZC _
_ ` L~_~_.
^=_ Ò< (HO # Qi~z) qKO} [O`_. (4)
DOA gH i^ == h Ô =`~ K |_. Q~^ [
PO~ gH, g PO~ Q~^ [H Ô =`~ K |_~k. j=`#
=~
, Q~^ [H K~k# j=` H_ (qxH) gH Ô
=`~ K |_O . HH` iH Ke~ K=# =O= Ke~ z, ix
q|~^~ OH` ~ Q L~Ke. J~`Qx, i` qKq_Q H=H_
H
_@~Qx, ^~QK@Q JH= ~|~^ @H=_~Qx K H_^ .
`x q~K_xH x~Hi =x+ `# rq`~ k~z#^~` =O= =
`~k. z=iH J`# O
H~ O~Q #+ `_. (5)
qO! O# K _xH ^" # C_ =~^Q gO =Mx,
"K` ^H K` e H_ H~_ `# `_K ` i~K~_ H p=~_
^H H_H~_. (gO#~ =) J^= UO_` i~Q `~@
#~ K ~_. XH" gO kQ
` , ^ }=
L~>, ^
= =` qO# K, ^ x HH~>- JC_ h ÔHx H~
i # => L y~K~_. J~> => K` `> >` =Y~,
K` O^H~_.2 ^=_ g rq`x ÔO~ KQO_~ ^. gO
H$À
L~_~^H P# q=e i^ O z
, gH `# J#Q #
iQ k~Kê K_.(6)
2. h aOK#_ ^ kQ u h "_@~ = POQ~ =i~`
H}
~ ^#
=#C_ LE H Q (#~)H |^ ` = K e.
J~> i# =>g^ O~_ K` `> (Ò` qke~z) >` =Mx
i~Ke. P `~` =Oi K` e =>g ^ `> Ku" #~z "K` ^H
O~_ K` e Oê. W~k
#~ [iy#C_ H_ h a~KH ` W^ q^~ Q
` = K H=K. (WÒ q=OH 4:43 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
q =`$=i [` P (Ol) W è* < O:- ""H i
^==H (~)` H }~ K<~. ^ (H *`*+) J< ~`xH
KO H< iH < H~O O~ `y ZH_ _ ~k. ^= =H (~ ) ^x "`H _ xH
JH_ Py O. P#` @ qye# H_ PyO. P ^ ~
ZH_ h>K H ^ . [#~ [` J||HO (Ol) ^QO H "o ''g J= P
(Ol) U~ K~ ^ KO? P" =~Q ^= =H (~ ) WH_ Py= =z~k.
P#` @ [~` PyO. Hx D ^ ~ K (H#K "O) XH
h>K H H_ ^ . [#~ ^QO # h H J Jx J<O.
144
(5. =~^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^=_ K# " QO~ KH~_. P# gK` K~z# Q#~,

=} H_ =OzH~_. J~> ''"= q<~, q^
~ Jx
gO =>KO. ^x x@H~_. ^=xH
_ ` =H~_. g
J~Ò~ Q ^y=~_ O `~ P#H `. (7)
q~z# [O! ^=x H~ hu x*fH H@|_L~@,
<"# H~ W=~_. WÒ@ qO^~ L<O gO <xH
u^H W=H_^. ZC_ <~Q< ==i~Ke. ^=cuO
}` J~> J^. u q+ ~# ^=x @
H
` =He.
gO K^~` ^=xH `. q~z Ò KiH, i
O@ =x~K|_`x, iH Q u~ a~^x ^=_
Q#~ K<_. Jq~ ^=x H uOi~KO =`~
#OHxH Ò. (8-10)
qO! (W>=) gH ^=_ K# " Fi *H ~ K H~_.
JC_ XH =O~ g Ô# ~ K _xH x~KH~k. Hx ^=_ i
_ ` =H~_.
K` e gH =H~_ xOk~K_.3 H#H ^=xH
(P< #=H~_.) q ^=_< #=He. (11)
^=_ W ~ù K` =}~ K~K_. i (L#
< ~_ `Q
H) "= < ~_=~k <He xq~K=. Ò `
^=_ W J<_: ''<# gH `_Q L~>#. J` gO #=A
[` J||HO (Ol) D =@ qx <^QO H =KO. P =~ ^=
=H <=_ `> x^`<O. J||HO (Ol) =zOQ< ''h=~Q ^= =H
(~ ) WH_ Py= =z~k. P#` @ [ H_ PyO. WH_
K KH hO^ . [#~ ^QO H_ h= Jx =~__ O <g^. P# K`
<g g^ H_ J#^z# =@h J<O. ^= =H (~ ) < `_ g^ `>
_ H=_~ = <# (^| ) H^
H~_ JQ L~_= =z~k.
=O<_ ` O*=# ^= =H (~ ) "~> (LE K _xH) h
=. JC_ ^=_ ''` = P[ J=ì~* _. ^~` J~Ô ` =
KO. P O^~ O L^ a< rO (Ol) =>_ ` ''J||HO ~`#=! g
=~Q (=~ H) ~ HQ_~ Wk "^> i H^ J<~. P `~` <#
HO# X~># O. ^xH~^ < H~O O~ îH~k. (|Mi, =~ )
3. ^ XH =O~ ^= =H (~ )#, P# =Y J#KO H~îx
H@x `=O L^ ~` FOA q~^ [<xH Px~z i OHH~ ZÔ
K_y~k. J` ^=_ DH@ ~Qu ^= =H (~ )H kq+$u Ô è
* Ki~K_. ^~` ^= =H (~ ) P q~^H =_~ =<O. D "
q+ " ^=_ D H
=~ H QOK
_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(5. =~^)
145
K ~ _e. (^ PiH H) [H` Ke~ Ke. <# ~ =H

# q~z
iH Hi~Ke. ^=xH +"# O}~ We. W #_KH~> <#
g L# K_ e `y~z q=e O =~K (O) =<
"t ~* #. J` P `~ "` g Z=O< JqY
i J=~a
=`~ J`# <O~ `#>. (12)
J O `= =}~ L~ ~z# HO}~Q< "= ix =
HO}xH Ô~Q qi", i $^# Hi#~ K=. z=iH
"iC_ ^= "He Ò=O K u H ky*iO. `=H k~z#
L^ J`kH Q~ qi~KO. O _`# " U^ XH>
D<_ H_ h ^$+H =<L~k. i | Hk=~k =`" D
|#`H Ô~Q L<O. H#H "ix Hq~K. "i K+# Qi~z
J~`Q >~ KHH. ^=_ $^ < q_ . (13)
JQ ''"= H~4 J#i K` H_ "= =}~
K~K=. O H_ "= k~z# L^ J`kH Q~
qi~KO. z=iH "= i =^
~ ^H qO^ =~ L~_ i
$^ OO~ q^+c* <>=. O WH~ U~
K ~ _O ^=_ XH OA ` H~_ i^$+H fH=_ . (14)
Q~^ [O! ==H g ^QO H =K_. gO ^= Q~^~ (H ~_)
^z# J<H q+ J`# g=~^ "_<_. Hx q+e
Qi~z q=e LH < _ H_. ^=x " #~_ g ^QO H (J*<~^
HO~ Ô~K) *u =z~k. (<O~ K) ^n=#"# k=Q~^~
H_ =z~k. nxÔ ^=_ `# # ` Q~ HOH<iH =H= O~
K`_. Q P# `# J#Q ~` ix HOpH@ #~_ H~u "
fH"_ (J=O~ #~_ f) OA=O~ #_ _ . (15,16)
=O~ H=O_ = ^=_ J#O x~^ ~Q Jq
O. ==^ (~ )! ''^=_ Q#H =O~ H=O_ = x, J`x
4. WH_ =+ ''#O J<, 3:52 H
''J<O J< ^ =K~.
D O~_ ^H H J< JO~. D=H (J) J#KOe YOP<
H = , #h Jx QH~_ '#O Jx ~#k. <# qkH OH ~
H~ #O J< ^x H = Jx J#^~ K = =z~k.
Pk =H #~_ J~u= =H =OH u ^= =H =#"oH W~ Ô <
k =K_. J~^= P =H
J#KO O ^x HO~ =~ x =
|_. Hx ^, H = D x qi~z `=# `= ^x,
H = x O @H <O.
146
(5. =~^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
èx , H~ L# O~^s K~^

KH~> P# xO
x J_H Q
Ô ~ Z=iH~< L~^? Jx J_Q. =HH, q L#>H,
PH~ L#>H ^=_ [=x. P# `# Hi#^x $+_.
P# uh K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. (17)
^, H = `= ^=x a_
=x, P#H "# O=x
J~>O. ''=i P# gO K H q=e Z~^H tH < _?
Jx ix J_Q. x*xH gO H_ ^=_ $+~ z# WÒ =#=~>
=#=. ^=_ `#`z# q^~ Q H~îx Hq _ =iH~îx tH _ .
=H, >H ~|~k~z# =O ^=x". z=iH J~Ô (FOA)
P# xkH =Oe = L~k. (18)
Q~^[O! ^==H PQ=#~ Py F nOH~ Q_z
~k. J~> iu = D =H WC_ g ^QO H =z x[Ô ~
Qi~z# q+ gH k < _. WH gO O J~^* , Ki~K
=H Z=O O^ Jx H K_xH Z~> PO~ ^. O
J~^* , Ki~K _ =K_. (= ^ ` fi~k.) ^=_ u
q+ ~ JkHO~Q JÔ} H ~ #_. (19)
= (J ) `# *u[H K# `^ QOH `K H. J`#
`# *ui` W J<_: ''< *u[O! g ^=_ K# "
*H ~ `K H~_. P# g XH =H# q ~* , q=e O*k
<`
Q K_. P# gH ~ K~ U *uH k~Kx^x (JO>
#è) k~K_. H#H Ô O! ^=_ gH O># D q`
Q~ (< ) "t ~K~_. "#H =OH~_. J K gO O~Q
#+Ò. (20-21)
^xH i ["aKO: ''=! JH_ ~HO"# =#+
L<O. "O ~`~ #~_ "o#~` =OH "=H_H Z> iu #
~. "OH _~z "o` "= =_xH ^" . (22)
J _# i< ^#Q~ ~k# WÔ =H<O.
JC_ O ''P
~HO e ZÔ=_xH gO ^ #Ô~ Q~_ "
t~K~_. gO eH "t K, q[~ q=e =i~z#>. gO
q J` ^=x g^ O~" =~^H Q~_ Jx J<O. (23)
Hx O (^xH J~wHi~KH~_) ''=! "OH_ L#~`=OH
"= Z#>H " =. H~> h=, h = WÔ "o (i`) `
_~ _. "= =`~ WH_ L~_`~ J<O (àO`). (24)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(5. =~^)
147
JC_ = (J) ^=_ i ''! < Ku Ug ^.

<, < Ô x =`" <H JkHO~ L~k. J~^= ^! ==e
î h D ÔO
#~_ "O K Jx J<_. ^xH ^=_ ''O, iH
^x # ~_@ x+k~K#. WH O ~K~ U XHK>
x= h_ ÔH H H@H ~@ uOQ`~>O. D ÔO
û
@ h= U=`~ qKO_ H Jx K_. (25,26)
==^! giH H P^~ H_Heî Q^ H_ qx~K. iÔ
(XH =x) |eKO. JC_ i XHx |e =`" Hi~K|_~k.
O~_x |e Hi~K|_^. ^~` J`# (zOu) ''<# x#
K~# J<_.
^xH O~_"_ W J<_: ''^=_
H
Hi "H|_<
Hi_. h= ## K~_xH Ku` <# =`~ x# K~_xH
K `# . <# O H =~# ^=xH
_ `<#. < ~, h
~ J~` #" =@H@Hx #OH~ H _ . J^ ÔO
H `y#
u
~. <# HOk H_ J^. (27-29)
z=iH J`x (^+) =# J`x Ô _ =k~K_xH O~ z~k.
J`# `# Ô_ `=i"_. D q^~Q J`# #+#i
Ki_. P`~` ^=_ F HHx ~_. P HH J`xH J`x Ô _
x Z _ > K_xH <# `=_~ O~a~z~k. Jk K
J`# ''J! < Ô _ x Z _> è^! <H
P HHH #~` *#~ H_ H ~^!! Jx ^ _ _ . P Ò ` J`#
`# K# xH Z~` `~ ` Hqe_. (30-31)
D (`) HO}~Q< "= W ~ùiH W XH LÒ
*s KO:''Z=O< fHO `(tH) Q H Ô }
H~ OHu ~ z#~^H
tHQ ` U =x+<< K~` J`# =` =#ox K~#>. JQ
Z=~< XH =x+ }O H_` J`# =` =#"ox H_#>. (D
P[ *s K# >H i iu =O^ ) = =H
XHi Ò ` XHO
J<H=~k "i ^QOH +"# `H fHKO. JH J`kH= ~k ~ K~ ^g i =i~K"O L<O. (32)
^=xH P#=HH =uOH~ Q O_iH, Ô }

H OHu
uiQiH tHQ ix `=Oe ^ LiH~|~ ZH~Ke ^ XH K,
^xH Ja=Y~Q =# XH H #iH"
e ^ ^| +O} K e.
Wq WH~ iH a~K J==#~, Ju+
. O
H~ W~`H~ >
O # tH L~@~k. J` g n#~H OH=~^ O `= K#
148
(5. =~^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
xOHxH `~ K~k `= #_=_H# ik^H~> (WH i *eH

H_^ .)5 ^=_ Hq ~K_x, HO }~K_x `H~_. (33-34)
qO! ^=x @
H
Hey L~_~_. P# x^ ~
~^ =O~ J<+~K~_. P# =O~ (` =uOH H
`) xO~Ò~
O_` L~_~_, g rq`~ OH = =`~k. (35)
`x uO i~z#O `= ^QO =~_=~` i~^
~_,
W~H J~`H O>~ ~^
L~_,
k#~ tH #~_ ` ~KH=_xH
^#~` i O~Q Wz" ^KH< O, ^x Hi~K_~ [OQ^ .
iH =î `=~# tH _f O`~k. "O #OHy #~_ |@_x
Z~` y~AH< ^#~_ |@_O. "O #OH `< =Q`
`~Q _ =~_= L~@~k. (36-37)
J<, O+_< ^~Q`# ~ K Wî H K #iH"
~_.6 Wk
O ~k~KH# ^xH u
~. ^=x Ò # H#qC Hey~K tH Wk.
^=_ OkHi, O H= ~`_. P# Z~` q"H= ~`_ H_. J`
5. W~ <He# O*xH =uOH~ Q uOQ@ [i, ~u ^`
H
q `~ Hey~z# HHOH `xH @|_` ix D q^~ Q tH~ Ke.
XH" J~> =H
`xH @|_H =~^ `~ K~k `= #_=_H#
ik^ H~> ix tH~ K~^H `xH JkHO~ ^ . HH` P =H
`=
uOQ@ "Y i iQ q_<_ Ô} Orq`~ Q_ `#@ i ^# ~k# rq`
==O xO~Ke. P Ò ` O uOQ@ K# @, H~ $+~ z#@
`# ^$+H =z< `~ ix xQ@Hx tH~ K_xH H `H ^ .
J` "s uOQ@, H ~Ô ~ Q =#= H L~ ~K_~
[iy` ^xH tH L~k. L^:- O Z=i<< `K `x O H ~`H _
fHO~ fOH< H~k. J~> `x O _=~_ HO~ `~ ~`H _H
=O}tH qk~K=K ^ `x O q $^ ~` Hq `~ J`_
q_z@=K. uOQ@ ~Ô~Q O Z=i =< HQ> u~> K@
HO~ iH Y ~_# =QO tH
_= K. XH" O HQ># = u#H~_
^x ^`^~ Q uiy ^x [=xH Jy iH tH qk~K_~ [OQ^ .
6. ^~QH tHQ XH K =`" #OH= L~@~k. Wg O[~
O ` ''PiH< ~ <H# Ò `< Y~_# tH
J= [Oe. J`
(^~ _) XH _ q=H == x ^~ye Kux #OH H_^x ^= =H
(~ ) J<O. JQ ~_, HOQ, PO== e (iq` ) ^~ye~z
< Y ~_# tH L~_^x KO. W= J|h (O ) HO~ ~_, HO
Q, =~~, =~_# PO~, #i_Hx ^#~, P@ == , ^ iHO
=Q~ q+ ~ Y ~_# tH ^ . J` g>H èH> tH
L~>.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(5. =~^)
149
`C K# Ò `< `~ K~k `= #_=_H ik^H ~>, ^=_

Q H= je, JO H$j_x `H~_. =H =*xH
^=_ Jku Jx gH è^? P# `# `z# q^~ Q H~îx
tH_, =iH~îx Hq_. P# uh KQ =O_,
O H= ~`_. (38-40)
=H! ` uOO~ H@H ix Qi~z h= z~u~KH . O
H `= q~K=x KCH~>O. Hx i $^ q~
<@H^. J~>O H~Ô ^ H_ L<O. O J`
q+ ~> Kq H H~>O. h^QO H ZC_ Oxix _`= >~ K
L^ ~` O ^~QK@Q h =@ q~>O. ^= Q~^~ q+
~Ô#O~ L#>H O > J JOx =i"O.
O (J=H) [#~` ''Dq^ # P[ W J~wHi~K~_, H `
J~wH i~KH~_ J~>O. XH =Hx ~Q ^=_ sHH QiK î
`~K^K H~>, WH J`_ ^=x @ #~_ `~K_xH h= U~
K< [#~ ^ . ^=_ i $^ e i^~ K ^KH ^ .
iH WH~ O= ~, O
H~ O `# ` =. (41)
gO J` q+ q#_xH KqHO\~. JH=~# HO "O
~_ `~. H#H gO h^QO H = i ==Ox hH+ ` i+i~K
^ uO i~K. P"OH hH JkHO~ W< O. =uOH O hH=`~
#+~ Hey~KO . XH" iO~ K #H~> <~Q, x+H `~Q
i+i~K.7 ^=_ <~Q ==i~Ki< q_ . (42)
7. M| O ~` JQ=O ^H K~k# XH O+xH, XH H =^ JH=
~|~^~ UO_~k. Ò` Q~^~ HO~ W~> <OxH Oqi K~ tH qk~Ke.
Hx ^ Ò` P[ >~KH ~_ O O~ ~k~KHx, ==^ (~ )#
=^ =iQ Hi~z P# ttH HH~_ "~ tH Ka` XCHx, ttH Ka`
XCHH_^x xO
~KH<O.
"O ^= =H (~ ) ^QO H o fOK =x J_QO. ^= =H (~ ) ttH
qk~Kx KO. Hx O ^xH XH^ . ''=i g=`~ D <OxH tHq >?
Jx J_QO#. ''HO_ ^| H@_~ , =MxH =| Q_^ g^ TOy~K_~
J<O O. ''gO =}~K, q` =aKOH Ò` L# tHq>
K ~_x ^= =H (~ ) J_QO. ^ =m J^ tH Qi~z KO.
J` ^= =H (~ ) i XH =Y Ô "` =#~Q L~_@~ K
''q=e O < i#~_ H_, gH Ò (H~_) ^QO Ô G~ k~z# ^=_
HQ K J_Q`<#. Ò` =aKiH D tH L~^? Jx J_Q~.
150
(5. =~^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
J< O x# <xO` Q Z K H~>O? ~Q i

^QO Ò` Q~^~ L~kH^! J~^ ^" [ L<. ">H q=Y~
h ^QO H O=# <q >? J i (` ~@) q" ^ . (43)
"= H~u, <O~ Q Ò` Q~^~ J=ì~*=. ^=xH
q^
# =H
~Ô ^x HO" ^ ==O i+i~ _
O. JQ Ô`, ÔG x} H_. iH ^=Q~^ iOH}
^ ` W=|_~k. ^xH O H Q L<O. H#H (Ô!) gO
[H
_H ~ _. <H
_~ _. < e =xH J=
H=_~ =< ~_. q#~_, ^=_ xOt ~z# K@~ HO~ iO~ K x
O ` uOO.8 (44)
Ò` "= ^H W XH LÒ *s K=: ''}xH
|^ }~, H~>H |^ H#, =HH |^ =H, KqH |^
Kq, ~>H |^ #, J^q^~Q =QH |^ J~>
Q. J` Z=O< fHO~ K H~_ Hq , Jk J`x H
iO==`~k. q#~_, ^=_ xOt ~z# K@~ HO~ iO~ K x
O ÔO
. (45)
P =H
Ò` "= =O~ H=O_ D# ~=. J`#
`#H O~ #O_ =# Ò`# ^$gHi~K_. J`xH "= H~u,
<O~ Q Whx k~K=. Jk H_ Q`~ J=ì~z# Ò`#
^$ gHi~ k. Jk ^= cuO e@ "Q@, `^ ~ . Wh [
J~^ ^=_ x~t ~z# K@~ HO" (==O) i+i~KHx
"= P^t~K=. H#H ^=_ xOt ~z# K@~ HO~ iO~ K x
O Ô# . (46-47)
JC_ Ô "` W =^#qK_:''=aKiH tH O qi K~_" . Hx
= [ =aKO~ ZH= =_~` = H Q =aKO~ K
=ê_, z# =aKO~ K ttH qk~K_~ O~a~KO. J` D û
= [ xO# =H= ~k. JC_ "= Ò` K>x =i" =aKOH
HO_ ^| H>, =MxH = | Q_^ g^ TOy~K q^#~ " >=.
D =@ qx WÒ Ô "`
<O =H<O. z=iH ^= =H (~ ) fO
HO" =aKO~ K# P WÔ O+H O qi `=O_~ [iy~k.
8. ^=_ xOt ~z# K@~ HO~ iO~ K xO ''` uOOx 44=
H
, ''ÔO
x 45= H
, ''Ô# x 47= H
K |_~k. rq`~x
U O~Q~#< ^ [, ^= K> HO" =x+ `# ==O i+i~K
He. J K xix D H
f=~Q Ki~K_~ [iy~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(5. =~^)
151
z=iH "= ` i`" # DQ~^~ h J=ì~* O. Wk W~`H

O~ =z# k=Q~^# ^$gHi~k. "@x> O~~ Hey L~k.
H#H h= ^=_ xOt ~z# K@~ HO" [ ==O i+i~K. h
^QO H =z# `x =k i =<H~H
# J#i~KH .
"= g u =^xH XH `H Ôx, XH `H
PKO} q^<x xO~K=. ^=_ `KH~> q=~^s XH
=^~Q H_ O~k~KQ
_. Hx P# q=e sH~ K_xH
qa# =^Q O~k~K_. H#H gO Ò XHOHO
q~z=_xH u~K~_. z=iH gO~` ^=x xkH KOH=
L~k. Ò ` gO U q+ O O~ qk ~KH<O > "q H`#
P# gH è*_ . (48)
H#H =H! h= ^=_ x~t~z# K@~ HO" i ==O
i+i~K. i =<H~He J#i~KH . *Q`! ^=_ h J=ì~
*# ~q^#~ #~_ ` ~K_xH O x# OHO H Q @=K.
i HH
@ J=`~ Q L~_e. O Q#H (hH) q=Y`,
XH q+ ~ `H, "O K# Hx O HQ# ^=_ i
P^ `z _"x ZC_ xO~KH<_. "i K=~k
Ô# L<O. gO (^= K@~ H^x) =_H ~<> J<QiH ^`
HO`<O? ^=_ q~z#i ^$+ ^=x K@~ ` =O=i K@~
+" # ^=`~k? (49-50)
qO! ê, H=e `Q KHH~_.9 O
O O~ `. g Z=O< i` ~K J`# H_ i
D H
# ^H, H = H =`" =i~*
_xH H~Ô =~
u~KO. Hx =Y c [` * (Ol) nxH KH x =^#qKO.
P#` XH`# ''D =_ H
WbH ~|~k~z#qH^? J<_.
^xH [` * (Ol) W J<O: ''D Wb gH~ Z~` =~z
Ô ! K^ q+ h i HOH #, u> q+ h g HOH <!! J
Z#>H H^. ^= H! gO "i J_Q*_< #_< O.
9. =` JOa O# =` qH ~|~k~z# L^=~ Q`#
OAq. = r=# O~Q ^=x P[, ^= =H (~ ) ^# =`" J#
i~Kx =~ H `^ ~ K |_` ~Ô ~ Jk. P<_ ^=x UH` ~,
^= =H
, k"q+$u (=), #O`# k#~, O
H fO ~> q+ e Qi~z
^H, H = H =`" `. |^ O^H # JO|H g>x Qi~z
iQ è^. J~> JO| H`Q W~ Hi~z == # ix
^, H = _î >~ K =^~ UO_~k.
152
(5. =~^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
XH_Q iQ}~K|_`_. ^gi# ÔOH ^=_ Z#>H <O~

K_ . (51)
$^ (H@) OQ~ L#O O Q O Q# "o "i` H
=_x h= K< L<=. O~>O: ''YOHe =#"^< P^
zHH=_~ ^ H^! Jx. ^=_ gH Ò< q[Q~ k~K
=K ^ `# ^QO ~z U^< P[#< (O=K). JC_ gO `=
=# ^z# q+ ~ @ ` _ ` O. q (i x[O~
K PO`) ''^=xO ^ ^ =} K '"= g`< L<~
Jx Z~` #=H~Q K #O gO<?Jx J~>O. W H@
q
HO h He z=iH O iH ` qyeÒ. (52-53)
qO! g Z=O< `qC_ J#i# Ô ~ #~_ "#H
=Oe` (=Oe x=~_), ^=_ (J~`H~> =~z) K=~kx
>_. "O ^=_ Z~`Q< qO. ^=_ H_ "ix q_.
JnQH O `>q q+~ =$^=Q, Jq q+~
Hi# ~Q ==iO . ^= =O~ xO~Ò~ O@~ [OÒ. x~k~K
"i x~^H U=`~ kiO. Wk ^=x J#Q ~, `# Hi#"iH
J#Q _ . P# q$^ _, O *# ~#_. (54)
gH q`~@ Z=O< L~> O ^=_, ^= =H, P Ò `
#=* <Q, [H` Ke~ K, ^=x =~^ "Hi q =`" .
^=_, P# =H#, qe q`Q KH<O ^=x HxH
q*~ =i~ ^x `He. (55-56)
qO! gH O~ k=Q~^ k~K|_# i g Ô x
P@Q, q<^~Q KH#"ix, WÒ Jqe gO `Q
K HH~_. gO x[OQ q~z# "O` ^=xH
_, P# P[e
>~K~_. gO #=A H~ (J*<) x "O ^x "H i~`
# KO . ^xH HO}~ "iH W~y` *#~ H =_" . (57-58)
JnQH P<_ W~H, W~=uOH H
H =^ f= ~ O}
[OQ`~_k.
D ~ O}
^, H = W~=uOH H
` H=H, W~# `_z
>~ ^H îH# u J=Hx qxy~KH=_xH HKHx HO<O.
J~K` J~> ^`, H = ` K#=Q =H~> O g J=
H`x POQ K Hx q=e OA=O~ #~_ ` Ox , Wg L^=xH
=uOH~ Q H@ #=Kx D H
=~ # Ki~K_~ [iy~k. J~`Qx
uH~, uq+ ~ i` J " K H_^x nx JO~ H^.
(WÒ q=OH W^ J^~x 82= H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(5. =~^)
153
"ix J_Q: ''Q~^ [O! "= (O H =#) ^=_, =

=~kC_ J=ì~z#^x (J~> YOP<x), =H O~ J=ì~z#
>x q~K=<H^ gO = g^ =~__`<O? (=i g
~Q`q >?) g L#k K=~k Ô# H^? (59)
D ~Qu H_ J_Q: ''^=x ^QO J~`HO> H_ J^=e,
J`~` Ô}e`~ ~îx gH K<? O ^=Q.
^ Q ~ i qOKH_~ k. "i J<H= ~k H`Q, ~^Q
=O|_O . +`<H x ("_ Ku H=Q =i)# O
J~`H~> hK~Q kQ*i O. "O <OxH |Ô~Q
`K_`<O. (60)
"O h ^Qi H =z#C_, `= q~K=x J~>O. Hx O
`= J~Ò~ Q Jq~ x~H=KO. Jq< uiy fHx "O .
O Z~` O ~Q L~K=#H# q+ H_ ^=xH `. (61)
h= K< L<=, i K=~k HO, ~Ô
<, J<~, JH= K _xH J#H}
~ O Q _Ò. JH=
~^#` H_ x~H~>O. gO Z~`> O" # qH$`K+
H _
`<O! i ~_` , Ô "`
ix HO #~_, JH= ~
^# #~_ Z~^H i~KO ? gO K # k H_ K K_ < . (62-63)
^ ''^=x K` H>"
|_ J~>O. i K` H>
" |_. W~> HOH` = i (^= )~ qOKH_~ k. ^=x
K` xH~Q ìKL<. P# `# `z#iH `KH#~`
J#Q_.10
10. Ô~< O>xH x^ H= =z#C_ ^=_ =~#
L^t ~z ''^=xH +" # O}^#~ J~^* O g Z=O< L<O.... (2:245)
J~@ ix qO H~ O~ K_. Wk q# ^ ^x QeK ''~
^=_ î^_ _. (~ Hq ~KQH) WC_#QO `# ^ ^QO JC
H_ J_H~@<_ Jx K QO. ''^=_ î^_, "= ^x H~ (3:181)
Jx H_ KC H~@ qOgyO.
J` H~`HxH i` =i. ^==O~ k~z# J<H
q[` =~ u O O. J@ ` uOO~ = ^ ^"
O. JC_ ^ ''^=_ ^xH_, "" Ô J#_xH |^,
''^=x K` H>"
|_ Jx K _O ~OaOKO. J~>, ^=_ `=H K
L~_# x < i`#~` xe" _x JO~ . ^=_ D H
iH =^#O
W, `# K` ^`^~ Q ìK L<x, `# Hi#iH Hi#~` J#Q <
L<#x J<_.
154
(5. =~^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
h = #~_ h J=ì~z# D "} i K=~k [

Jq~, àO`< =i~` =ki=_xH HO}`=~k.
J~^=< "= ~^H L~_ i =^ qO^~, q^
<>=. O (~K~) ^* Oye#C_ ^=_ >x
KO = =# k. O ZC _ Ô }
U^ XH L^=~ $+~ K_xH
u~ >O. ^=_ W~> HHOe Z#>H q~K_ . (64)
Q~^[ (gQ) `x q~z, H "Yi J=~a
"= i Hq~z, ix Y~`` H_# O=<
"t~*~ H^! O Ò`x, Whx, i ^QOH i= #~_
=z# WÒ Q~^# >~z=O> Z~` Q~_k!! J K= ~> iH~
PO~ #~_ =i~z L~_k, H~k#~_ L~y L~_k. i H~Ô
[# H ^ . Hx i J`kH= ~k Ô# L<O. (65-66)
=H! U# >H h = #~_ h J=ì~K ^# iH J~^
* L~_. h= KH` ^`^`# <O"Ox _==`=. (D
x h= Z~>
~^#H QiH#=O~ ^ .) ^=_ x# [
H_ #~_ H_`_. ^=_ ùOOH Z#>H <O~ K_.
"iH K: ''Q~^ [O! Ò`x, Whx , g = #~_ g
^QO H J=ì~z# WÒ Q~^# J#i~K#~`=OH gO Uq^~ Q#
<O~ L#@ iQ}~ K|_O . h = #~_ h J=ì~z# D}
"i K=~k JqO, àO`< =i~` =ki=_xH
HO} `=~k. H#H h= Jq "Y
i@ qKO_ H . (67,68)
=~ <, ^< , H = < , #H Ò^H < , =O=O< O
^=_, J~u=k<x q~z `^# Q}~Q Ò K ~ >, J~>
iH
k<#) Z~>
~Qx, ^Y~Qx L~_^ . (69)
"= W ~ùi K` =}~ K~K=. i ^QO H
=H# H_ ~=. J` i ^QOH ^==H iH #Kx
q+ `z#C_ "O H~Ô =He uOi~KO, =iH~Ô
=He `=O"O. "O (`= U~ K< ) Z~> P^
=z_= x
q~KO. J~^H "O J~^ , |kO O. `~` ^=_ ix
Hq ~K_. Hx"i K=~k W~H >y =i~` J~^ , |kO
O. ^=_ i KO e FH~@ Q=x< L<_. (70-71)
'=O~ H=O_ = (H_) ^=_ J~@#O x~^ ~Q
Jq O. = (`## `# ^=_x Z#_ KC H^ .) W
k L~__: ''W ~ù [O! ^=_ =`" POk~K~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(5. =~^)
155
P# <H ", gH ". ^=xH WÒ# > He~KiH

^=_ O " ~ x+k~K_. "i x~ #OH= =`~k. J~> ÔO
H Z=O ~ K O . (72)
'^=_ =Qi XH_ Jx eH#O H_ x~^~Q `
uOOQ< iQ}~ K|_Ò. xH ^=_ XH_. P# ` =O
^=_ _ . O W~> =@ =#HH` i (Dq^~ Q) `x
uO i~z#iH J`~` ^HO" # tH _ `~k. =i W>H< "O
`~ K~k ^=_ H= } HOH~>O? ^=_ Z~` H= je, Jq`
HO }=_. (73-74)
=O~ H=O_ = (U) ^==H ` =Og H^. J`xH
O~ H_ J<H= ~k ^= =H
=zO. J`x è j=i
J# . "iÔ (J~îQ) J#~ u< =#+. K_, "= i
=~^ = He Z q_=Oz ``<". J< O (=Y~
K>) Z "#H =Oe `<O K_! (75)
"ix J_Q: ''gO ^=_ =ê Z~> # Hey~Kx
>x Z~^H POk < O? J~î "O PH~K_, Jx q+
Ziy#_ ^=_ =`" . W KC : ''Q~^ [O! gO gÔ ~
`xH =uOH~ Q ^g i =i~KH~ _. gH O~ ~Q =O +
, WÒe H_ J<H=~kx =O+Q K#i J_Q*_
#_=H~_. O OA=O~ #~_ iQ ` O.11 (76,77)
W ~ù `x uOi~z#O ^=^ <@, =O~
H=O_ D <@ ~ K|_O . ^xHO}~ O Jq^
^
gi =i L~_@". JnQH O XHOHO K_ #~_ "i~KH<
O H^. xO^ OQ O K~ k K K_ <. (78-79)
D<_ H_ J~>"O hH K=~k HxO . O (q
H~>) Jq`< ZH= ~|~^ @H ~>O. "O =~^Q
~H#k K K_ q+~ (J~> ^+O). i ^=x PQ~
qOKH _~ k. iH `~Q (#OH) `# zHHx L~>O. (80)
11. H.. =_= `~`~ =OH H = =` q K =OH i =H
`z# ^# H J#Q}~Q< L~_q. P Ò ` <= `|~ #~_ H = =`
~_` wH =_ #=HH, i `` qKOxH q`, =` q+ ~
Ju HH `= =`^# |^= =##, u`x $+~ KH<O. D
q+ < k=YOP< WH_ q~z~k.
156
(5. =~^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"O Q#H ^=_, ^= =H# , i ^QO H ~|_# Q~^x q~z

=~> (Dq^~Q) O Jqe `Q KH<O H^. Hx
i K=~k Ô# L<O. (81)
q @ J~îH< ZH= `"Y i J=~a~KO ^,
|^"O^H. Jk hH `. ~|~^ q+~ ''"=
#O ( H~) J#O12 qH K ^QO Q L<Ox H_
hH `. ^xHO}~ i HO~# ~_`, "OQ#
^ = H_ L<O. "i U=`~ J~HO~ ^ . (82)
O ^= =H J=ì~z# (D) } q#C_ ^x =~` i
H Ji`=`. "O J`~Q ''! "= q~K=.
= O H *a` J#~>O. i~H W J~>O: ''J
"= ^=_ Z~^H q~K=? = = ==e [#
iQ} _x "= Pt <=. J~@C_ = ^QO H =z# `x
"= Z~^H q~K=? (` H~_ q=.) (83-84)
D H HO}~Q< ^=_ iH O =~K O= <
k_ . OH _ `~Q L~>O. ^KO~ #H "= W~>
u
" k=. WH Jq"Y
i J=~a~z = He xOHi~K
O #OHyH q^
Ò. (85-86)
qO! ^=_ g H~ Ô=`~ K# ==e x+k~K
HH~_. ^g i ==i~KH~ _. ^g Oix ^=_ Z#>H q~K_ .13
12. YOP< H = # ''#O J< O` q~z~k. *`~HO~, =`
Ôa= < HO}~Q ^ W~H, =~ H |^ `= ` O[H , PiH
HO} = |^ O^H =~ H qO^ O. O~ _ =O` e`
=_=O" # H = W~@, =~ @ H~K~ `H = ^+~, Ôa= < Hey
L~_O. HO}~ O `= =`Q~^ J~u= ^= =H OHQ i~z q +` H@
# Kkq P# H~ xsH ~ _O. i K=~k ^ =, H O L~_

O. J~> ^ =, H O ~` P Ò ` W~ Hi~KO.
Hx D<> H = J`kH= ~k, [` =O~ (J) f="# Jx~^
", D =H (J) # K~_xH `~ H@ x# ^` K` He
=~ @, W~@ `=~` =i~K_~ Kh~! (51= H ^ zH
K_~_.)
13. ^=_ Ô =`~ K# == e, q+ e x+k~KH< JkHO~ Z=iH
^x D H +~ K~k. îH H~Ô D<>H P`qH~ HOH ^=_
J#=u~z# Hx PO^ O, ^~` Y~ "^# ~zH M# i`
l~z "O Q=~` sO# H$t~* H~@<O. YOP< nx Y~_~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(5. =~^)
157
^=_ gH Ô=`~ K kOz# i^ == xOHK~Q

u#~_, `Q~_. ^~`@ gO q # ^=x@
H
H_
Hey=~_~_. (87-88)
gO K JO~ O~ x Lù u*, =}# Qi~z ^=_
q=e @H_. Hx |k OH~Q K u*, =} q+ ~
=`~ P# q=e ` H~_ xn_ . (J |k OH~Q U^<
`C _ =}~ K= ~>) ^xH x+$u- gO g O
H >@
@
=~> Q@
OH~ [#~ k=~k xO^H >e, ^ |@ We,
^ XH xH K HeyOKe. W"g xO =_ OA L
=`~ >~Ke.
gO =}~ K ~Qi ^xH^ x+$u. J~^= gO g
=}# H_H~_. gO ^=x @ H$À
L~_~^H D q^~ Q
P# `# H
gH q_=Oz k < _. (89)
qO! =^~, E^~, ^" ` O , zH *~- W=h
JHO# zH q+. >H Ô~Q L~_~_, g rq`~
O~ H~Ô =HJ
#KO H_ W~> "Y i ù ~ k. ZC _ L
>=x O` x^H~_ PO^# < Q_ `=x =~~, <,
#< _=x OH Ô~Q L~>=x O u[ KO. ^= =H (~ )H
D ~Qu è XH ~ Q~ W J<O:
''W~> # K =x <H P[ ^ . g g P` H H_ L~k.
H#H L >~K~_, u#_~ `Q_~ H_ K ~_. O` PO^# H_
K ~_, x^ H_ `L~_~_. ## K_~_, <# x^`#, *QO}
K#.
L >#, >x qOq# H_. =~~ u~>#, < H_
u~>#. < q^#~, ~^# W+ _ x (>~Kx) _ <_ H^.
P `~` P# W J<O: ''giH=~k
#, =~z PO Ô#,
##, x^#, (WÒ) ~zH M# x+k~KH<O? <# gH qOQ
Q, <Q =O=x k~K^ . <Ô ~
#, =~Ox `l~Kx
^ . JQ O Q UH~` HO u+"
x H_ ^ . P`xQ ~ HOH
<Ô ~ L=`=~k. "O Q [<h WH_ l^ Ô =HO`.
(H#H) J # POk~K~_. P#H =O=ih >He ~KH~ _. *, L= (q^ )
xO~K~_. #=* ~ K~_. [H` Ke~ _. O=*< L >~K~_. gH
O~ Qu~z# [ `= xx O~, Hi< "H=_~ =< O <#~
JO. O `= g^ xx |O=, Hi< "H#C_ ^=_ H_
i |O=, Hi< "_. gH =O, P=, UH~`HO
Hx# J= O =ê> #". (|Mi, =~ )
158
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14
OH = =`~k. =^~, E^ Ô +`< g=^ qO^~ , q^+ c*

<> q=e ^= ^#~, O# #~_ xOk~KQO`<_. H#H WH<<
gO >x =#HO_. ^ [#, P# =H `=e >~K~_. >x
>~KH ~_ =Y~ uCH~> =`~ (gH #+~ ), P^x ^`^~ Q
J~^*
_" = =H ^ `. (90-92)
q~z ^KO "Yi J=~a~z#O Q`~ U^< ux L~>
(J~> HOxH _L~>) ^x Qi~z ix xn_~ [OQ^ .
14. D P^~ "=_# Ò ` =^~ x+k~K|_~^x, WH#~_ Z=O =^~
=@_~Qx, J=_~Qx KH_^x ^==H (~) XH |O~Q H@#
K~KO. D H@
# q#Q< =~ ~` `= `= W~_
L# =^#~`>h
g^ H `z OO. POA =n< g^ =^~ UO =~z~k. O
J~Q `~Q H#=OQ .
H~Ô =^~ Qi~z ^==H (~) =~^ q ''nx ^H
H#HQ W=K? Jx J_QO. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) ''=^x x+k~z#_
(^=_) ^x WÒ H H#HQ W=_x H_ x+k~K_ J<O. =OH`# nx
=~^Q _H=_xH J#=u==x J_Q_. ^= =H (~ ) J#=u xOHi
''Jk =~^ H^, k J<O. (WÒ q=OH 4:43, 2:29 H
K_~_.)
"OH`# =z ''^==H! "= f=# Ke L~_ ~`~ L~@<~.
HH+~ H_ ZH=Q K = =~ k. =^~ = =H H ^ fO`~k.
KeH `@H < H H_ =~ k J<_. ^= =H (~ ) D=@ qx ''gO `Q
P h~ = =` HQ`~^?Jx J_QO. ^xH=H ''HQ`~k J<_.
''J` ^x =#He~^ J<O ^= =H (). ''Hx =~`~ [#~ XCHO
Z?J<_ =H. ''XCHH` i` ^~ K ~_ J<O ^= =H (O ).
^= =H (~ ) H~ =^~ q~z#"_H tHQ Qi+ # =OH
HO_ ^| H@_~ [iQk. [` J||HO (Ol) <H~ # HO_ ^|
tH L~_k. [` L=O (Ol) <H~ èOA H_ #O HO_ ^| tH
L~_k. Hx ^x= O `QO `= J@ =#HH O. JC_
[` L=O (Ol) WÒ <H` ~k~z DtH# Z# HO_ ^|H ~KO.
W= =eH (O), W= J|h (O) Z# HO_ ^| tH<
xO
~KO. [` L=O (Ol) # O+^ J< =H O ~Q O
J=`# HO}~Q J`x ^H}x He" _~ [iy~k.
` E^~ H_ O" # HO". W~^ J<H= ~k =H
_| Z~>
= H ~_< XH =HH a ~ k. D<> =>, @s H_ D H=H K~k#".
O
#_ Hx OH = H_ E^~ H~kH =.
zH Ô *~ K _=<k J*#H~ JO| L~_ =_ #=H~.
*`H~ , *u+~, O O` D<_ H_ J<H= ~k D *_xH QO=`<O.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(5. =~^)
159
J` O x+^ q+ *eH H~_ L~_e. q~ O~Q

L~_e. =~z# K ~ _e. U q+ #~_ i P q+ H
Ô~Q L~_e. ^ [ ik L#">< > L~_e. ^= cu Hey
^ O# =He. ^=_ (W~>) ^ O# < q_ . (93)
qO! gO K` `, D>` K "@ Ô ^=_ q=e
Hi# sHH QiK#<_. g Z=O ^=_ K_H~_< P#H
_` O K~^H P# gH sH _< _. (H#H *nH

L~_ ">_@~ x+^~ J# ~Qu QO~ KH~_.) DKiH q# `~ "`
H_ ^g i` J~>"iH ^HO # (#OH) `# ` ^. (94)
qO! gO *nH (W~) L#C_ ">_H~_. XH"
Z=O< Hx W K J`# `# ">_# [~`=H =## =O
[~`=# =i~z "H|_ Ke~ K= L~@~k. nx Qi~z g
WÔ x*f O xO
~ fHe. Ò ` D (|e =) H#H#
HQ$xH KOe. J~> "H|_ Ke~ K =` xO `=xH
x+$uQ H~Ô ^H J#^#~ Ke. ^ ^xH =#=~#
L >~Ke. Dq^~ Q O `= K# <OxH tH J#q ~Ke.
Q`~ K#^x ^=_ Hq_. J` =m J~> xH _`
=`~ ^=_ ^xH fHO~ K_x `H~_. ^=_ O H= ~`_,
fHO~ K Q =O_ H_. (95)
^=_ gH =^r"# ">_>x, u#_x Ô =`~ K_.
^x= gH, `> }H H [#~ L~k. J` gO W~
L#~`=OH < ">_H _^ . H#H ^=xH
_~ _. P# q=~
îh (fOk<#) gHi~z `#=~^ =" O K
H~>_. (96)
^=_ H ux =#= H~ ~u^` x~Q
K_. q` (*)=#, |e =#, >" _ @_ # H_ (D
HxH ^^_ q Q K_). ^=_ =Hx =O Ziy#_x,
Un P# *#ikH Jf`~Q ^x gO `H=_xH W K_.(97)
QO~KH~_, ^=_ tH~K^KH~> J`~` Hi#~Q tH_.
J` ^~`@ P# Q H= je, JO ^ =_ H_. (=)
~^x (gH) J~^*
_" ^= =H L# ^ `. P `~` g J~Ò
u Q` # Q=x~K ^=_<_. (98-99)
=H! [H KC: ''J`kH ~Y L~_ Ji^ ==
q=e Z~`Q PH@H < (Jq Ji^ == Qx i^ ==
H*=) i^~ , Ji^~ Z#>H XH> H*=. H#H |k=~Ò!
^=xH
_ ` =H~_, g rq`~ OH = =`~k. (100)
160
(5. =~^)
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qO! g =~^ "_ K gH ^ HeQ@@=~> q+ #

Qi~z (^==H#) J_QH~_. 15 H~> YOP< H J=ì~K
~Ô~ J_Q~_, >x Qi~z gH q_=Oz K_~ [OQ`~k.
W>=OH g= [iy#> q+~ ^=_ q=e Hq<_.
P# Q H= je, *eH"_. gH O~ H_ H~Ô W~> (xH
=e#) J_y Jq O. (101-102)
^=_ |O, , =, ( =)# xq~K ^ . Hx
D uOO ^=x g^ Jx~^ "`<O. i K=~k |k
# L<O. ^=_ J=ì~* # ^x " , ^= =H " O~_x Ka`,
''= ``=``
#~_ =# PKO =H K J~>O "O. =i
gi ``=``
Ug ZOQH <, iH <O~ Uq> èH<
gO `= ``=``
< Q_Q J#iO?16 (103-104)
qO! gO gQi~z Pz~K~_. gO Q#H <O~ L~>
WÒ =O + ` = gH~> #+~ [OQ^ .17 gO~` z=iH ^=x ^Qi H
= L~k. JC_ P# (WH rq`~) gO U"q K ~ _O
gH è*_ . (105)
qO! g Z=iH< =O} =~ P#=~#C_ J`#
g<= Oê, J~^H g WÔ x*fO HQ
15. ^==H (~)# H~Ô J#=O"# q+# Qi~z J_QO.
YOP< * ` qkQ K |_~^x J=ì~z# H qx XH`# ''u _
(*) qkQ K ? Jx J_Q_. ^xH P# =^#q=^ . J`# =m
J_Q_. ^xH P# =^#q=^ . P =H =_i J_y#C_ ^= =H
(~ ) W J<O: ''g Ô} K Kh~. <# Q#H B#~> * u _
qk J=`~k. JC_ gO ^x >~KH Jq^
`H _Ò. (=O )
16. q=OH 2:170 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
17. =x+ WÒ # Qi~z Pz~K_xH |^ =~^Q `#
L# q> P`=H# K Hx DH è*~k. J` WÒ e
~i~K q+ x =k x nx JO~ Z~`=`~ H^. [` J||HO (Ol)
D J# Y~_ ^= =H (~ ) K# XH `=# W qx~KO:
''[ K_ q+~ K ^x x~k~K_xH u~KH`, ÔO_
Ô# ~ K ~ _Q K J_H H` Ò< O~î ^= tH qOKH_ =^~
H ^ . H#H ^= HQ K|`<#. ([H) =~zx k~K_~ , ix K_
#~_ i~K_~ g q^ H Ô ~. Dx K H` ^=_ gg^ O= ÔO #
(HQ) O^` _. O q=e O" # HH QiKO . JC_ gx
[# ^=_ (Z~` n#~Q) "_ H O [< H~ D Hx _H=, =
|~^ =< O ("= H `~ K=). ^=x H~ K Hx
"= Z#>H ^K=. J K "= ` Ki`=. (106)
J` J =}~ K H_ O J<~, H `H _`
"i #~ "iH~> H~K~ Q# =O WÔ H Q =~^H
Oe. D H J<xH Q~ # ~= ~_e. =$`xH x`~
H_ L~_e. "O (=^ x|_) ^=x g^ =}~ K ''i H ~
H~> = H ~ x[=#k "= = H ~ Z~> ^ gO^ .
JK "= ÔO
Ki#O==`= Jx He. (107)
W~> û = [ O# H qOx P L~@~k. ^ O
`= =}~ K# Ò ` O~_ =O~ K =}~ `=H =uOH~ Q
L~@~^#x q~K< _Ò. ^=xH _~_. q#~_,
hux iH ^=_ Z#>H <O~ K_ . (108)
^=_ =H~^s ="OK ()k#~ Qi~z Pz~K.
JC_ ^=_ ''([) gH U~ =^#qKO? Jx J_Q`_. ^xH
O ''=Hg è^. JQKO q+ h gH ` J~>O. (109)
JC_ ^=_ D (J)# W J_Q`_: ''=O~ H=O_
=~# D! <# hH, h èH K# "# H QOH `KH. <#
i^` Ô hH ~ K#. h= T (_Q)
L#C_ H_ [` =>_ _q ^ _# Ò ` H_. <# hH
Q~^~ , q"H~ k~K#. Ò`, Wh ^# H_ J~^* #. <
P[` h= =>` H = K J~^ Qe Tk#C_ Jq < P[`
(x["# ) H Q ` O q. h= @Q _x , H+O yx < J#[`<
QK _q. =$`# H_ < P[`< |uH~K_q.
h= (W~>) +" # xÔ <` W~ ù [ ^Qi H
#C_ ix ` uOO ''W^~` =~`*~ ` =Og H^
Jx xOHi, << x# i i#~_ H_#. ##, < =H# q
~K~_x <# s# z~z# g^> O '"= q~K=.
q^
=. nxH h" H Jx eHO. (110)
162
(5. =~^)
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P Ò ` ~ @#- s Fi `= =H` ''=O~ H=O_

=~# D! = =~^ h = PH~ #~_ =_~ z# qi <H^x
k~KQ
_? Jx J_QO. ^xH D (J) ''gO q~z#O` ^=xH
_~ _ J<_. (111)
''"= qi xq ux Jq = $^ H `$ He~ Kx =`"
"= HO`<O. Dq^~Q h= K#^~` Ô=x `Hx
J~^H H Q L~>= J<O =m O. (111113)
JC_ =O~ H=O_ D W i~K_: ''^"! = !!
= =~^ =_~ z# qi <H^x PH~ #~_ k~K. Wk =H, =
sHH, O ÒH ~_QOA J=`~k. h Ò# XH
xÔ #~Q (J^` ==Q) L~@~k. ( !) =H PO~ k~K.
h" J~îH< =~z J#^`=. (114)
^xH ^=_ W J<_: ''O, <# ^x g =~^ k~K`#.
J` P Ò ` g Z=_< Jq"Y
i J=~a =`~ <#`xH
~K~ Z=iH qk~K#@=~> O"# tH qk#. (115)
P Ò ` ^=_ (
k<#) D# x> ''=O~ H=O_
=~# D! ##H^x x#, h èx ^=Q K Hx POk~Kx h=
[H k~K? Jx J_Q`_.18
^xH D W K|`_: ''g~ Z~` q`, i^
. <H
JkHO~x q+ ~ Qi~z <<
J#Q#? <#~> =>^~ < Jx
L~> Jk ` H~_ g ^$+H =Kk. < J~Ò~ Q~ U=~^ gH Q
`. Hx g J~Ò~ Q~ U=~^ <H=`~ è^. gO =
JQKO q+ Ziy#O. (116-117)
18. H= [` D (U)#, i^` (Holy ghost) # =`"
^=Q K Hx `$ _
^ . D=H (J ) è =O~ (J )x H_ ^= ~Q
K H<O. H.. 3 = `~`~ =OH H = =O~ (J )x ^= ~Q HeKO
H^. P Ò` JQ~_iH K~k# H~Ô =`"` "^>iQ =O~
(J )H~ ^=x =`$=i J< ^~ L y~KO. Wk H=~Q [
=O~ PO^# " îf~k. Ks "^> DH` qx P"k~K^ .
J` H = ~ K~ D q+ ~ ^ KO h~~Q ` O z=iH H..
431 Ks nx JkHO OH~Q P"k~z~k. ^~` D q~ [ O
=#" ~k. J<HK
@ Ks =O~ z`>
, =O~ qQ u+~ K
|_ [~^H=_~ O~a~K. nxH =uOH~ Q ~O}^, >~ >
H = Z~` QQ >< [#~ H ~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
163
''gO P^t~z# q+ <# iH k~K#. < =, g

= H_ J# ^=_ =`" POk~K~_x <# iH K#. i
=^ rq~z L#~`=OH <# ix Hx@Hx L<#. g~ ##
H`# `~"` "ix g~ Hx@Hx L<~. gO J~^s, Jx
q+ e (Jx "
) Hx_ L~>O. WC_ gO "ix tH O
g ^. XH" Hq gO Z~` H= ~`, = q"H= ~`. (118)
Jk qx ^=_ W J<_: ''` =`H i ` ~^` [#~
KHO () k#~ ~q~k. J~> iH (POA) O
=~K O= < a. JH_ O HH~ (Y~Q) L~>O.
^=_ i @ #_=`_, O ^=x @ ~`+O. W^ #
q[O. (119)
=H, > =^ , O ` ^=x O[" Q`~k. P#
= q+ JkHO~Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. (120)
J=Ò}
: =H
6. = (J<P")
H: 165
D J^x ''JO. W~^ Hx =e

x+k, =iHx =e Ô=`~ K "=_# H<.
^~` @ P<> JO| =_ #=H# Y~_ J=ì~z# H

H_ L<.
WgL^=~ ^=_= @ J_y_~k. ùOO
qe OHOHQ "k# H+H~ Jk. J~> iu ^==H
(~) F OA Ou" =H #~_ ZH_H "_xH X~><HO. JC_
D J^~ P# $^ H~ J=ì~z~k. ^=} J=ì#~`
X~> Jq` # O~ gg^ _ H >=H qiy` J#~`
iuH QO~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

=H#, pH>"
Q# $+~ z# ^=xH H
q^ ~
a. J#>H ` uOO J~`> H O_ =ê WÒ #
P#H >He ^Q KH<O. (1)
x*xH P< q=e =>` $l~z g =#Q_ H~ XH Q_ =
xO ~K_. (
~H~) =O Q_ = H_ P# ^QO xO
~K|_
L~k. Hx gO" W~H ~^ ~< _L
<O. P< W@ q,
J@ PH~# L# UHH ^=_. g J~Ò u Q` Ziy#_
H_ P<. gO K uh, eH uH P#H `. (2,3)
164
(6. J<P")
Y~P< "=$Ò
[ `= = #~_ =z# U K## J~wHi~KH ~_ =Y~

uCH~@<O. WC_ i ^QO H ` ~ = ^x H_ xOHi~KO.
O, W>=OH O U q+ x Qi~z # K =KO P q+ x
Qi~z = ~ Uq> iH Ò~< è`~k. (4-5)
"iH O~ "= Zx *è xOe~K" iH è^? P
*` `= `= H Z~` "`~Q "eQ. "iH "=
~ K~ gH k~K#@=~> Q =* k~K=. "i
H~ PH~ #~_ +~Q =O~ Hi~KO. < Z< #^
=~*O. (Hx O =H H$`[` K_xH |^ H$`
O.) z=iH "= "O K# H "ix =~Q `_z>O.
i #~ WÒ *`# `KO. (6)
=H! "= Hy` O# Q~^x h J=ì~* < , ^x D
uOO K` `HK H_ q~KO . Q O W^~` U^ =~`
*~ ` =OgH^x kO . Q D =H` @ (J`x =H$ `x
^$ =iK~^H) XH ^= ^`# Z~^H k~K^ ? Jx H_ J~>O.
XH" "= ^= ^è k~z=~> D>H ZC_ (i)==O~ è
L~_k. iH Z~> J=HqKO~ H=. "= ^= ^`# J=`
i~*
== J`_ =#HO~< J=ì~* =. iC_ Z
J#=#~ _L
<O JC_ H_ J#=#~< _ Ò. (7-9)
=H! hH O~ H_ (DH~) J<H= ~k =H
# ZQò K~ k.
J` z=iH "O ZQòK# q+ " ix =~z"~ k. ix H
~ K~ O >~z K_=x KC , JqH U~ Qu >~ ^. (10-11)
=H L#^~` Z=i^x J_Q. J~` ^=x^#x KC.
P# (=#ox) HO }~K_~ `# HO= ~Q K H<_. (H#H< P#
gO K JH$`H q=e "~@< tHOK_~ ^.) P# q=e
k<# ` H~_ =" O _ . JO^ O^ O^ . Hx P`

q<xH _#"O ^x #=H `<O. OupH>
, Q>
"
O
=#Q_ y# u $+O ^=x^. P# =~ q<_, O~
Ziy#_. (12,13)
KC : ''^=_ =HH $+H O . P< J~îH POqK_.
P# =`~ Z=ih PO~ J_Q_ . J~> =#`_# ^=_ =ê
<# =OH_ ~OHHxQ KH? KC: ''<# J~îH~> =~^
P#H q^
} x <H P[~k. <# Z~> iu #
|^" O^H KiH_^x _ <H `H^ K |_~k. (14)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
165
KC : ''XH" <# < = =@ q#H~_ Jq^

}` F
Q (
~HO) k<# (#OH) tHH QiH= =~ ^x
_ `<#.
P OA tH #~_ ` ~KH#_ (x[~Q Z~` J^$+= ~`_.)- J`_
^=_ Z~`Q< HO }~z#>. J^
~, +" # "H~ . (15-16)
^=_ gH^< H_ K^KH~> UH q=e P H_ #~_
H_ ^. JQ P# gH^< " KQi` Px Z=O
J_H O . P# uh K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. P# `#
^ OkHO HeyL<_. Q P# Z~` q"H= ~`_, O ~
è#_. (17,18)
J~îH~> |"# H~ Z=i^ ix J_Q. W~H W KC:
''<H, gH =^ ^=_ H. D YOP< q=b, =O=iHk KO `~^
"O~^s Ki~K_xH k"q+$u Ô <H k~K|_~k. =i gO
^=_ =`" QH =iH~Ô H_ ^=<Ox K QO? <# =`~
J Z#>H K#. "iH KC: ''x*xH ^=_ XH_. gO K#
|^ O^# ` <# iQ qQu #. (19)
"= Q~^~ k~z#O `= H#H_He Uq^~ Q Qi < O
J^ q^~ Q W`_ (J~u= ^= =H ==^x) H_ Z~> ~^ O
H~_ Qi<O. Hx P`q<xH _#O =`~ D x*x
#=H`<O. ^=x JÒ " P# H uOi~z#
_H~> O= ÔO_ =O=O~>O? J~> ÔO Z#>H
b H$` HO . (20,21)
"= =#=~^s ="Oz#C_ |Ô^H` ''gO
He~KHx ^=Q #=`~_# O~` WC_ Z@ O? Jx
J_Q`=. JC_ O `=# OH~ KH=_xH ''^= H! "= Z#_
|^ O^H Q L~_^ J~>O (z J|^= _`). J~`H q~z
iH =OH H ÔH^. K_, O `= Z~> J|^~ He~K
H~>O! JH_ i He`^ ~` =@=" `. (22-24)
"i H~Ô h =@ Kqy q<O H_ L<O. Hx "=
"i $^ H> ="
_~ = O U q+ h JO~ K HO .
i K=e "Ô K=. (J~^= O U =~z q+~
q#O .) O U K# (==) K< q~KO . Q O h ^QO H
=z kO . i h=@e =uOH~ Kx =~^ xO
~KH#O
(J~` qx) ''Wk ` O}~ ` =Og H^ J~>O. (25)
166
(6. J<P")
Y~P< "=$Ò
"O ~Q `#~_ i=_" QH, [# H_ `x

Hi~KhH~_ xOk < O. Pq^~ Q K O (k # ^g H Q)
`=#`" <#~ K H~@<O. P ~Qu O Q ~K_~ ^ . (26)
"ix #OH~ J~Kg^ x># C_ h= "i iu K Q~_!
JC_ O (` ^H~@) ''J! Z~> û î~z~k
=H!! ==e =~i WHxH ~` Q~_. JC_ "= =
= H
xOHi~KH ~_ q Ki`~ J#~>O. (27)
"O W~`H O~ ^ L~_#k D OA i=~^ |@|
=_~ =< J J~>O. ix (WHxH) uiy ~<, K =^#
# =m KO . O O= J|nH . (28)
"i J~>O: ''rq`=~> D ~zH rq`". (Wk ` =O
rq`~ ^ .) "= KxH =m |uH~K|_@=< `` ^ . O
`= = =~^ "@|_#C_ h= i iu K Q~_!
JC_ i = ''Wk Ô~ H^? Jx J_y` ''B# ! Wk
Ô" J~>O O (Q`~Ò~H). ''J` `xOHO}H O=
#~Q WC_ (#OH) `# KqK_~_ J~>_ ^=_. (29-30)
^=_ HH= L~@~^# =KOx J` q+~Q
q~z#O O~Q #+Ò. O _ JH`Q =z#C_
''J! D q+ ~ ""~` O|_=!! Jx "Ò. JC_
O `= O~ g "HO . K_, Z~` hK # O" Jk!
WH rq`~ XH P@, `= =`" . (x*xH O
H rq`" J
rq`~.)
H
HiH O
H (O) ^=" +" # k. P =`~ *#~
^ gH? (31-32)
==^! i =@= hH ^ HQ`~^x =H `. Hx
D ÔO x*xH x# xOHi~K_~ ^. O ^=x H
xOHi<O.1 hH O~ H_ J<H=~k =H xOHi~K|_O.
1. =h ==^ (~ ) ^= =H HH O~ #~K [ ` ~^ _Q,
x*fO_Q O_O. P Ò` ^==HQ [ =~^Hz `^
O~a~KQ< YO+ <H Px uO i~KO. O
P# =H` ~,
Q}Q} @Q H P# `z# ` ~ @ =`" uOO"Y
i J=~a~KO.
D q+x WH_ YOP< =`" H^, HO_Q># `qOk, YO+*u
JQ<H_# J|[ H_ =H i K_. J`# XHi ^= =H (~ )`
=>_ ` ''"= x# J` ^x J#_~ ^ h= KO~ K # ^x =`"
"= J` ~Q iQ} < ~ J<_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
167
J` O H uOO"Yi @, O ># ^ @ #~
=~KO. z=iH = ~ "iH a~z~k. ^=x =@# Z=O
=OO. Q` =HH ZÔ#=h hH KO. (H#H h= #~`
i` e ZÔ). (33-34)
XH" "i xOHO}
, xOÔ}
# h= ~KH `, h H L~>
q O~Q~ KQ x, ^ PHxH xK# "Q x "o "iH~ U^<
== fHO=_xH u~K. ^=_ `KH~> O~^s îH
fH OQ_. (Hx =#=H W=|_# K# i~z ix
|=~`~Q î @_~ ^=x Ja=`~ H^.) H#H h= J*x
=i~KH. (=#iQ) q< Ò HiO. (`~ H#x)
=$è ^=_ (
k<<) `_.2 P `~` ix ^= <<xH
fH=_~ [OQ`~k. (35-36)
D =H J`x = #~_ U^< == Z~^H J=ì~K^ x
O J_Q`<O. ==e J=ì~*
Q H ^=xH iQ L~^x
KC . Hx i K=~k ==# JO~ K H r=O. "= qk` U q+h =ê@^.
z=OH J=h `= = =^H gHi~K|_`. = He J~^ ,
|kO xOHiO . O J*<~^H O~ _L
<O. ^=_ `#`z#
q^~ Q H~îH î K`_ =iH~îx î ` _ . (37-39)
W~H W KC : ''XH" g ^=x " #~_ U^< P^ =z_` ,
^ J~u= _ g gO ^=_ =ê WÒ e "_ H~>O?
W~`H YO+ <H `x Z~^H xOHi< O K_~_. |^ ^
=~ JY a< +sM J< F <H_ J|[` O =K#
[O` ''WH_ =xÔ ~ ` =_ =H _ . XH q+ ~ J_Q`<, x[~
KC . ==^x h= ` ~^ _Q q< H J|nH _Q q< ?
Jx J_Q_. ^xH J|[ Wz# =^#~ K_~_. ''^= H! ==^
(~ ) ` ~^ _#_~ Z~> ~^ ~ ^ . J`# W~`=OH XHi H_
J|^~ H^ . Hx O*kHO~, xH |~, ^= ^`~, Ou+
Jh
Y ~ùH a, WH WÒ YO+
H ^H ^=~k? J<_ ` uOi.
2. O~ , *`~HO~, Ôa= <` H~Ô `x H < K_O ,
K=< q#O , $^ =< JO~ K HO . J~>ix =$`` e,
k<# # C_ iH ~zH" H ~ =ê ` ~ H H H># @ Hx~ ^x

K |_~k. Hx JC_ HeQ *<^ ~ = `~ ` Z~> [#~
L~_^ .
168
(6. J<P")
Y~P< "=$Ò
gO `=~`` nxH =^#q=~_. J~> qÒ u gO

He~KH# q^^ x>x =Oz x[^=_ =`" "_ H~>O.3
P# `KH~> g =z# P^# ` H~_ Ô~K_ . (40,41)
gH O~ "= J<H* ` ^QO H =H
# ~=. P *`
(àO`#~ =~z#C_) "= >x HH H_Q ~ _H QiKO,
^x Ô<< O n#~Q ==~^ `=~KÒ# L^ ~`. D q^~ Q
"= "ix Hi# sH
H QiK# C_ "O = =~^ Z~^H n#~Q
`=~K ^ ? J "i $^ } Hi# " . "O
K# Ôe +`< "iH =<O"#qQ K K_. (42-43)
(= =H) K# L^# O iQ qi~KO. JC_
"= iH~ Y~` J=ì~K Ôh Òz
>=. O
"= k~z# J#Q Pk J~^ iQ =xyO.
J~> u "= O`Q ix @H <=. ^~` iH KkH
iQ xOK~ Ô. P q^~ Q "= ÔOxH _#ix =~Q
`_z>~. H
~ O H "# ^=xH a. (44-45)
"ix J_Q: ''^=_ Q#H g ^$+, qxH_ H e Q> g $^
H> = P `~` ^=_ ` =O=O >x uiy O ~KQ
O?
nxQi~z gOC_< Pz~KO? K_, "iH = xÔ< =>
=>H Z K`<"! J< "O J~^ Q< =i < O. (46)
"ix J_Q: ''O, D q+ "< Pz~KO gO ZC_< ? ^=x
#~_ JH`QQx, ^ |~OQ~QQx g tH(Q H$u q`)
3. =$`= H~_= ~^ `~_q# C_ |^ O^H q^^ x>x
=k XH x[^=_ =`" "_ H~>O. D Ô< WH_ q~K|_~k.
^= =H () =H [~z# `~` J|[ H_H WH= l^H i,
JH_ F_H Jax î>_. J` î `< =z F_ =xy
=^~ UO_~k. }H "^> `= `= W+ ^=è i~KO. Hx `<
`QH Q =i~` L^$ `=~k. ^~` [#~
_ ''^=_ ` =O=s "_ H<
=~ Hkk. P# `KH~>< =#~ D P^ #~_ Q> `~ J<O.
D =@ WH=H H#qC Hey~zOk. ''WH_ ^=_ ` =O=O ~
KO O? =i D q+ <H^ P }`_ WO"
~_ #~z K|`#k.
=#~ J#=O~ Q P#` O_`<~ J#H<_`# . "~@< J`# ''D `<
#~z |@_` `# <O Q ==^ (~ ) ^Qi Ho P# Ku K"
H`# Jx xO
~KH<_. ^x HO~ WH= (Ol) ^= =H () xkHo
W~ Hi~KO. (n~`@ 10:22, 17:67, 29:66,31:32 H
H_ K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
169
qOKH _` , JC_ ÔO

HH =O=O <#==Ò? "= U
=H# ~< (O) O J~^*
_xH, ^= tH Qi~z Ki~K_xH
=`" ~`=. "i =@ q~z, `^#Q}~Q rq`x
ik^H< iH (OH~) Z~> ~Qx, ^~YQx L~_^.
J` = H
xOHi~z#O `= ÔH O =#~Q `y#
tH KqK_= =~ k. (47-49)
==^ (~ )! i` W J#: ''< ^QO ^=_ k~z# xk
xH<x <# g` J#_~^. <H JQKO *#~ L~^x,
(Jf~k H
<x), <# H` ^= ^`#x H_ KC H=_~ ^ .
< J=ì# kq+$ux =`" <# J#i< . W~H J_Q:
''Q_ _, H #_ XH>< ? nx Qi~z gO Pz~KO? (50)
H~Ô `= FOA ^=x xkH = L~^x Q ~z P#H
_ ` L~>O. JH_ ^=_ ` `=H ~, ~ KO

Z=O L~_Ox H_ iH `. J~>iH nx (YOP<) Ô
`^ ~ K. ^x= O
H
"Y
i J=~a~K=K. (51)
=iH~Ô O~|= `= =< "_ H~@ P# # `#
Ji L~>O. J~>ix h #~_ Ô~KH. i (HO) H
q+ " h Z~> ^ ` ^ . JQ h (HO ) H q+ " i
Z~> ^ ` ^ . D q+ ~ `H# Ò ` H_ h= ix h
^QO ~_ èy h= ÔOx Q iQ}~ K|_`=. (52)
(^x H ^# K) ''= ^ #Q ~ ~k#O gO<? Jx
J#_xH "i H~îx "= H~î Ô sHH QiK=. =i ^=_
H$À
# `# ^# Qi~z ZOQ_ ? H|> = He q~z#O
h ^QO H = ''gH ~u HQQH! Jx nq~K. h = ^ ^H}

# (q~z# ^ Hi~K_x) `# HO=~Q KH<_.
g Z=O< J*#~` U^< HO~ K, P Ò ` `~ `
(^=_) =x~ "_ Hx `## `# ik^H ~> ^=_ J`_ Hq _ .
P# Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (53-54)
` "Y
i +~ Q "_ H=_xH "g q^~ Q = H

q_=Oz è* < =. (55)
KC : ''x[^=_ =ê gO "_ H~@# q^^ # POk~K~^x
## "i~K_~ [iy~k. KC : ''<# g =<H~H
# J#i~K#. J
K <# =O + }

`# <O~ ~k#i WH L~_#. (56)
170
(6. J<P")
Y~P< "=$Ò
KC: <<H +="# =}x #=` ^x O~Q L<#.

Hx gO ^x uO i~KO. WH gO `~Ô _# (^= tH) q+ ~
< Ku ^ . xO
kHOh ^=x Ku< L<. P# = ~
q=i< _. P< J~îH< =~z xO
~ fH<_. (57)
KC : gO `~Ô _# (tH) q+ ~ < Ku L~> gH, <H
=^ q"^~ ZC_ = L~_k. Hx ÔO
@ Z ==
i~K ^=xH Q `. JQKO q+H ~|~k~z# xQ_
O h P#H =`" `. P#H ` >x Qi~z =O=iH
è^. #n #^, HHO} U=~^ P#H `. K@#~_ O
UPH P# ^$+ ^ ~ #~_ ` ~KH*^. z=iH O xH "
L~_ q`#~ `~ P# *#ik L~@~k. z ==, Z~_
== `~ P# ^QO +~ Q Q~^ ~ K |_ L<. (58-59)
Ou" g P`# n#~ K H<_, Q>
" gO K #
Q=x~K_ H_ P<. gxs` rq`H~ Q_xH =O<_ q=e
^# ~k# ~ K~H ~`#_ H_ P<. z=iH FOA gO~`
P# xkH =Oe= L~k. JC_ P# gO (WH~
L~_Q) U"q K ~ _O gH è*_ . (60)
P#H `# ^ i J^, JkHO L<. P#
q=e O"HOKix xq~z ~`<_. g Z=iH< =O}
=~ P#"# C_ P# ~ ^` J`x }~ fH O . O
HO=xO} Z~> @ Ox=O. z=iH J~Ô `= J
[=x J# ^=x ^QiH fHO|_Ò. QO~KH~_, xOk
HOh P#H Q ` = ~ L<. (g) H `_xH P#H Z~`
@^ . (61-62)
==^ (~)! ix J_Q: ''gO J_=, =^ zH
H#C_ P pH>H #~_ q=e H_^= O? (P^ =~)
g~ O~Q q n#~Q "O@H<k Z=ix? 'D P^ #~_
==e Q>H "= ` H~_ hH H$À
L~>=x gO Z=ix
"_ H~\O? KC : ''^=_ q=e u P^ #~_ H_`<_. =i
gO P#H WÒ # Z >He < O? (63-64)
"iH ~Qu H_ KC : ''P# `KH~> g gkH #~_Qx,
^ gH H~^ #~_Qx tH O ~KQ
_. ^ q=e qa# =OQ
pe XH=O~ Hx =OH =OxH KqK~KQ_. K_, O =~
`H=_xH "= qq^ OHQ = H i =~^ Z
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
171
q=i< ". Hx h *u[ nx =uOH < O. KC : ''g (uOO)

"YiH <<~> ^_ H#. u ~@# ^x xs` =~<
~q ~ k. Ò< = ~ Uq> gH `~ k. (65-67)
[ = He Qi~z Hq=O K J ~ K ~ > h=
i ^QO HOH. JH_~z z. O q+ ~ =< =O q+ ~
=>_ H<^H i K~`H " H. ZC_< +`< x# =i~*
*H ~ =z# "~ @< J~> ÔO
^QO ~z z "o. i H
Qi~z ^= cuO Z~> ^ ` ^ . J` `C _ "Y i q_<_#
iH =`~ `^ ~ ` xiQ K L
~_e. (68-69)
`= Ô x P@Q, q<^~Q K H#ix =k . ix SH
rq`~ "y~z~k. J` iH YOP< H qx~z `^~
K L
~_. =x+ `# ÔH O #~Q O
H~ @|_H ~_
L~_~^H ix YOP< ^# Ô Ki~K. @|_` =`~ WH
J`_ ^=x @ #~_ Z=O H_O . J`x H~ O KO
H_ Z=O L~_O .
J~`H^, J`# `#H g# = ~^
h i O~Q W=
_xH ^_< O, >x Hi~z J`_ OH~K_~ Z#>H [OQ^.
gO
`= (^+)HO H O =#~Q @|_## O= ÔO
.
` xOHO}
H u
~Q iH `Q~^H HQ h W=|_`.
P =î `" # (#OH) `# KqK_= L~@~k. (70)
==^ (~)! ix W J_Q: ''"= ^=_ =ê =H
Z~> ~ Qx, #+~ Qx Hey~Kx >x POk~K? ^=_ =H
XHi <O~ K# Ò ` "= =m "#H uiy? JQ~`
= iu H_ HHO}~ +`< =H î ` ~KQ kH`Kx
u _ =H
J=`~k. =O "_ KO J`_ W@
=K, O# î WH_~k Jx < O!
KC : ''x*xH ^=_ K =O" O
# =O~ . P# " #~_
=H D q^~ Q P^~ a~z~k- H
H =H q^
L~_~_.
O< (#=*) == <H~_. P# PQ ~ #~_ ` ~KH~_.
P# xkH gO~` =Oe= L~k. (71-72)
P< =H# ` ~ ukH (XH =#` H ~ H~)
$+~ K_. P# UO[` 'J Jx J~>_ POA (#O`#~)
~ q~ k. P# P[ ` "# k. (
) ~Y~ i~K OA# WH
172
(6. J<P")
Y~P< "=$Ò
O*kHO=~` P#^ J=`~k (Jx gH è`~k). P< QKO,

JQKO q+ h Ziy#_, q"H= ~`_, O ~ è#_. (73)
W~ `#`~_ P[O` J# =@ QOH`KH. J`# `#
`~_` ''Uq>, gO qQ # ^=Q K H<O? gO, g*u [
iQ J=~~ _ O Jx J<_. W~ #"i KO_ xH
"=`xH W =H =[ ==# K~K=. (74-75)
XHOA J`x pH> H=HQ< J`<H #H`~ K ''W`# <
= J<_. Hx P #H `~ Jq ~KQ< ''W~> Jq ~K>x <#
q~K# J<_. `~` K~^_ Ht Hx~KQ< W`< < =
J<_. Hx P K~^_ H_ (H>H ) Jq ~K_~ ` ''(W`# H_
< = H_.) < = <H =O~ KH` <# =O+}
`# J<_. (76-77)
P Ò` (=O<_^~) O_ ^n=#~Q "ey`
Hx~K_, JC_ W~ ''W`< < =, J~îH~> Q =
J<_. J` O_ H_ Jq~z=_~` (J`xH *<^~
J~k.) J`# `# *u [e L^t ~z ''<*u Ô O! gO ^=xH
>He# q^^` <# qy#. <xC_ i UHQ``
=He $+~ z#x " =O#. <# U=`~ |^ O^H _
H# Jx J<_. (78-79)
D q+ ~ W~*u [ J`x` "^#H kQO. JC_`#
"i` W J<_: ''Uq>, gO ^=x q+ ~ <` ^#H kQO?
J P< <H OA=O~ K~k. U< gO ^=xH >He ~z#
q^^ H <# U=`~
_# . U^< ~ < = `KH~><
[OQ`~k. < = *#~ u^h i"+~zL~k. gO WC_<
$H =O? (80)
|Ô^# Qi~z g ^QiH ^=_ Z~> =}~ ~H
<, gO P# ^= `~ WÒ e Q= KO. J~> x
KH_ gO ^=xH _#C_, gO He~KH# q^^H
<<~^H _e? =# L xO~, xt~`H Z=OH=
JO gO K~_ è. `x q~z, J~^ |Ô^<
xH U=`~ PO~ W=xiH ~u, q` ==`.
J~>O <O~ L~>O. (81-82)
Wn = "^#. nx "= W~H J`x *u[ y~K
_xH k~K=. "= `KH#iH L#` < k~z, i
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
173
J~` ~K`~. x~^~Q h= Z~` q"H=~`_, *#

~#_. (83)
P `~` "= W~ (J)H WM (~> H_H)#,
Y (~> =#=_)x J#Q ~K=. O~îH <O~ K~. nxH
O~ # (J )H H_ <O~ K~. J`x ~ù #~_ "=
^=^, =<, J, , =, ~< (J)#
(<OQ=Q) q~*~. W "= [#H i Ô#H
(`y#)u
~ k< ~. (J`x ~ù #~_) "= [Hi, ,
D, W (J )# H_ q ~* O. i uXH_ [# _.
(J`x ~ù#~_) W, JJ, #, ` (J)#
(<OQ =Q) q ~* O. i u XHiH ~ K =#=~î
H ZH= QO=O, B#`# k~K=. (84-86)
J~`H^, i ``=``
, ~`#~, Ô H_ K=~kH
"= (Z~`Q<) J#Q ~K~. ix ` H~Q = =H~ Z#Hx
<O~ " #_~ K~. Wk ^=x =O^ O H` ~. P# `# ^ `#
Hi# iH =OÔ#~ K_. O Q#H ^=xH >He~zL~> i
}HOh =$^ Jq. "iH "= Q~^x, q"Hx, =H$ `x
k~K=.
WC_ gO D q+ e q~K_xH xOHi (xOHi~Kh), "g
(q) Q~ ^x xOHi~KxiH k~K~. ==^! QO~ KH.
^=x #~_ <O Q~ ~k#O gO. H#H h= O #_z# @<
#_. iH KC : ''<h (O^ KO) HO~ H~ g#~_ Z~> u
~
Pt~K_~ ^. Wk =` =#o H~ J=ì~z# O[h#
`^ ~ . (87-90)
O `= `C_ J~K<` ^=x q+~ K O|_O.
^ = _ U =#==` _ Z~> q+ h J=` i ~ * ^ x
J~@<O. ix J_Q: ''W~`H = `z# Q~^x Z=O J=ì~
*O#H~@<O gO? Jk =#=H (*#)H~uxz <O~K
k=Q~^~ . J~> Q~^x gO J<H QQ q_n >O . >
Hx>x =`" "_K qye# ">x ^z>O. gO, g ``
=` ` ZO Q x Z< q+ # " = (DQ ~ ^ ~ Ô) gH
è*O. "iH KC (^x) ^=_ (J=ì~* _) Jx. P Ò `
"ix "i xH=e# "^#< _ L~_x=. (91)
(P Q~^~ Q) D Q~^x H_ "" J=ì~* =. Wk Z~`
^H"# Q~^~. hH O~ J=ì~z# Q~^# ^$gHi~k. D
174
(6. J<P")
Y~P< "=$Ò
Q~^~x ^# Ô h= O[^x (=H) #QOe, ^x iO

~` x=~K"ix Ki~K_xH nx J=ì~*=. OHx
#"O D Q~^x q<O. Q O `= O# (#=*) @
Z~` *Q` = J`~` ^H
` ^x PKi< O. (92)
^=x g^ J`~ "_ H~> O= ÔO_ Z=O~>O?
J`x Z~> ^=~^~ J=ì~KH< `# H_ ^=~^~
J=ì~^x ^ ^=_ J=ì~* #@=~> >x `# H_
J=ì~* K`#x J`# HOH` H< _.
D ÔO
=O}=
ÔO
`#` Z~` `_ e Ò h=
K Q~_. JC_ ^= ^` K` =~^H K` WJ~>O:
''f~_H g } |>H. gO ^=x g^ J` q+ "
J<~Q HO H` HO. àO`#~` P# H
Hq=O K~_O. J~^H DOA gO J`~` J==#HO"#
`# KqK_~_. (93)
''"= q=e "^> i Z X~@iQ >~ K" JQ DOA
gO = ^Qi H X~>iQ =KO. "= gH WH~ k~z#^~`
JH_ =k =KO. q=e U^ Lî Ox gO q~z# g O
HO
H_ DOA g ^QO H ~_O. g O O ~|~^h `y
. gO Z~` P@H # O~` DOA g #~_ H#=OQ
O. (94)
^=_ q`< x, >~H# pe f_. P< xs= Ô~ #~_ rqx,
rq #~_ xs= Ôx f_. D #h K_ ^=_ H^!
J~@C_ gO î` Z@ `<O? Ou pH>Ò# pe
L^x `#_ H_ P ^=_. P< Oux q~u =~Q
K_. P< OK~^ L^ = H `y# "e xO
~z#
_. W^~` J=# H= ~`_, JO *#~#_# ^=_ xOt ~z#
J^`x ==o. (95-96)
P< gH~ HHO}~, cHO =^x HOpH@ î
`H<~^H #H `# ^< Q K# _. |k=~` H~ =
K#e Z qnHi<" K_! P< q=e UHrq #~_
>~K_. `~` g uXHiH x=~K_xH XHK@, Jy~K
|_~^H XH (=k)~ xO~K|_. DK# qA H~
"= q_=Oz ``<=. (97-98)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
175
P< PH~ #~_ =O~ Hi~z OHO H "H "Hu < _.

uiy P "H #~_ K > , =$H H f< _. >Ô
O OQ XH^x g^ =OH> _=~_ ^#~, y~[, H
~_ < _. YOO "
Q
#~_ |O=` "_ ~_Q `
$l< _.
P< ^H, Pe, ^x= `@ L^q ~* < _. Pe, ^x= ~_
PHO~ ^^ XH q^~ Q L< ^x ` H` ^xH L~@~k. D K@
+~z, ~_H ~_ fO iH~zK_. q~K"iH "> (J<H)
K#, xÔ <<. (99)
J< =#= `= $+H O
# ^=xH ` K# >He ~z
l< O. Q O è èH P#H H_He, H`# H_
J~@Q_ < O. Hx ^=_ Z~` i^_ . O He` =@H P#
Z~` Jf`_. P# =` =H< $+~z# J^` H
~#_. P#H
O #C_ ~`#~ Z HQ`~k? P<
u^h $+~ K_. u q+ O è#_ H_ P<. (100-101)
J~> ^=_ g =. P#` =O^=_ _ . P< O $+
HO. H#H gO P< POk~K~_. P< J~îH ~OHH_. Z=i
K Px J~^H=. P# =`~ J~î Kb J~^HQ_.
P# Z~` xt`^$ + H_, u^h `HQ_. (102,103)
''W_ g = #~_ g^Qi H +" # P^~ =K~. H#H
HÒz K_ [#~ ~^Q_. (HO_ K_x) Q__
`#< #+ ~ K
H~>_. <# gg^ ~ "H _ H# (Jx KC ). (104)
D q^~ Q "= =He =>=>H qa# s` qnHi< O.
h= Z=i =^< qx (D H
) K|`<=x gO PO # ~^#, |n
*#~ Hi =~^ Ôx Dq^~ Q |@ K < =. (105)
==^! h= h = #~_ h J=ì~z# kq+$u (=)x
J#iL
~_. P = ` =OH ^=_ _ . |^ O^H e Z#>H
J#i~KH . ^=_ `KH~> "ix |^ O^# K H~_ PQ
_.
"= x# i O"HHxQ xq~K^. JQ i h= OHH
@
_ ` =~K#=O~ ^ . (106-107)
(qO!) O x[^=_ =ê i~K q^^# gO
^+~KH~ _. JK O |^ O^# # H_ q~z, J*#~`
x[^=_ ^+~K_xH ^ _ ` O. "= u=OxH O K # #<
PHO}

"# qQ K~. z=iH O `= = xkH =Oe= L~k.
JC_# Q`~ O K ~ _# #q> iH è*_ . (108)
176
(6. J<P")
Y~P< "=$Ò
"O ^ ^ X@ " H~@, `= =~^ U^~< == =

`= ` H~_ ^x q=x J~>O. ==^ (~ )! ==e
K~K H ^=xH =`" L~^x KC .
== O! i ~Qu gH è^. XH" "= ==#
K~z< O q~K =#+ HO. "O (D YOP<x) XH
O< q~Kx q^~ Q "= i $^ #, ^$+x =i" < =.
D q^~Q "= ix i uOO~, àO`<< (Z_)
_L
~_ =ê _< =. (109-110)
XH" i=~^ "= ^= ^è ` H O z
<, =$` z=z
i` =>_< , z=iH ~ K~x == h i ^QO H fH=z<
O, O U=`~ q~KO , q~Kx ^=_ i <@ O_
` . i K=~k =_ =>_ Ò. (111)
JQ "= zH (=~Q) =#=e, l#e u ^= =HH
`=Q KO. O P`=~K#` O O~ =<O" # =@ KC
H~>O. J K H_^x =~^ h = xO
~zL~> O Z#>H
K O. H#H O JQ u> =@` XHOHO "y~KH =@ "Q` . J=~>< iH W+~ . (Ô~ "iH
WC_ K^ Q< L~@~k.) J~^= "O (Ô~ è#>H) Q_
K =z# (^+)HO WC_ K<O. (112-113)
(ix J_Q:) ''<# ^=_ =ê "O =OH fOix J<+~K?
J P< H^ i q=O` D Q~^x g ^QO H ~#_. hH
O~ Q~^~ k~K|_#iH h = #~_ ` i` # D Q~^~
H_ =z~^x `. H#H h= J#=x~Ki KiH. h =
H ` ~, < ^$ K" # k, =Q" # k. P# =K<#
Z=O =OO . P# =~ q~@<_, O ~ Ziy#_. (114-115)
==^ (~ )! h= x PkH ~MH K =@
Q#H q~> O x# ^= =O~ #~_ ` O . O H=~ TH~
qi xOÔ" # q+ J#iO . x*xH Z=O h = =O~
` =<O, Z=O O# =O~ L<O h =H Q`. (116,117)
(=~O!) gO ^=x H q~z#O` ^=x O
i~K |_# = =~" u<e. ^=_ Hx =e gH Q` ~Ò~
#_ ` Ô} i` u#_x x+k~K_. > q=O H_
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
177
gH è*_. J~@C_ gO ^=x O i~K|_# =e

Z~^H u#O? K=~k O# *#~ H ~_ =<~K
H x~
(==@`) [<x î Ò. J~> ^gi#i ~Qu h
=H Q `. (118,119)
gO =`~ |O~Q H_ Ô~Q L~_~_, O H
H_ Ô~Q L~_~_. H$`H _`#O Ò< `=
H `y# tH J#qO. ^=x O i~KH~_ H# =#
u#H~_. J u#_~ ~. zH H `= J#KO $^
xx J#=< OHu ~ z "ix g LQ`. "i =@ qx
#_K H~> gO H_ |^ O^H ~ Ò. (120,121)
=~}Oz# XH =x+H "= }~ (*#) *u k~KQ
J`# ^x "Q ==~# rq`~ y~ >_. ^xH a#~Q =OH
=x+ J~^HO~ _ WH U q^~Q# J~^ #~z |@
_
_ . P WÔ =H
=#=Ò? (pH> "Q Z#>H XH>
H*=. JQ q, Jq H_.) J^q^~ Q JqH "O
K # (K_ ) # =~zqQ< `K@@ K |_. "= u T
H@, HH
< O= ÔO
# H_ >~ K=. J` "O
< H@ = z=iH O zHH~>O. Hx "O ~Qu Q ~K_~
^ . (122,123)
O `= =~^H U^< ^=H = ''^==HH W=|_# =H
^ =H W=|_#~`=OH = nx q~K= J~>O. =H ^q
Z=iH Jy~K ^=xH Q `. Ò< D <O
`= H@
O=#~Q ^=x =^ O O=O, ÔO tH KqKO. (124)
^=_ Z=iH <O~ K^
KH~>_ J`x $^ H>#
W~ H~ Òz
L~K`_. JQ Z=ix J=O~ >~ K^
KH~>_
J`x $^ H> =, J`_ ~Hz` =#_Q K_ . ^~`
J`# (W~ =# = K) `#}~ J#~`= H
PHxH ZQH `#^ J#@ `_ e `_. D q^~ Q ^=_ `x
q~Kxi g^ <K
~, xH$+`
# O^` _. (125)
W^ h = =O~, (UHH) OA=O~. "= z~KiH =
He Z~` q_=Oz è*~. J~>iH i = =^ ~`
x~ L~k. ~ J=~a~z# ^KO"Yi HO}~Q ^=_ ix
q< _. (126-127)
178
(6. J<P")
Y~P< "=$Ò
^=_ "O~îh K@=> gHi~K OA l## L^t ~z ''l#

O!4 gO =#=*u #~_ Z< ~Ô, (H^?) Jx
J_Q`_. ^xH i =#=q` '' ! = uXH_ WÒ e
Q _H<_. z=iH "= =H~ h= xO~z# =xH
KO H<O Jx J~>O.
4. l#~> Jy*` $+~ K|_ =#=H QKi~KH ~_ D ~ K~
< =#Q_ y# XH q^"# |kr=. =#= =kiQ< gi H_
[# -Ô# , q-Jq L~>O. gO H_ =O}#~Ò~ O
H
<#~ `= HO H H KC H= L~@~k. HO qKO} Ò ` giH
O# OH L~>. (WÒ q=OH 7:12 HH O# ^ zH K_~_.)
# i^# Ô =# =~^HOx == W~H J<H~ L<. XH
== H= ~`" # iHO Ô `~ =#H QKi~K#~` =`# ^x LxHx
Y~_~K= . P == =H i K x |> Hx H , J~K<` ^x LxHx
xOiO G"`
. J~> > l# LxH H_ XH@x K =K.
''=#= U q^~ Q =>, Qe, h>` $l~K|_O J^q^~ Q l# =>H
|^ O, eH<`, Ô} QeH |^ L+ = (> ZO)`, h>H
|^ i <Q` $l~K|_Ox H T l# LxHH ~|~k~z# =
K=O JO= =`~k. L+ =H ZHOHO }
#Ô Q~_ KKH
Q}~ L~k. l# ( `) $+H H=# =Ô H_ D L+ =
L~k Q#Q, P *uH #Ô Q~_ KKH H}
~ L~@~k.
''O (Q~^H ~ ), i <Q #~ Ô Jy <[ OQ rq LxHH =K
J=H~ L~k. J~> rq 800 _w ~>Q_ LQ` =OH `# J O~<
L~@~k. eH<, O, i < Q #~` $l~K|_ r= `=O}~,
Hx |> `= PHO~, O =OH< H HeyL~>. nx|> l#
W~> Ô " #~ Ô< LxHH =z L~>x K =K.
''M` q*# G"` _HO O O (JiH) 'k HqH =O J< `#
Q~^~ Dq^~ Q O<_: 'XH" =#~ eH<, O, i <Q " #~
Ô U^< }x $+~ KQe y` P }H Z~> PO~ J=O= ~_^ . ^xH `#
PHOx =OHQ H H_ L~@~k. eH<` $l~K|_ D } x=t~K
_xH H, |$u Q J#"# ^. Jq P ^ #~z <OQ H
Q . (L+ = Qi~z 15:27 H K_~_.)
''J"iHH K~k# " `
_HO O
*, _HO O* " , O *_ W
J~@<O: '=# OH@~|~x F Q ~ #~_ Q ~Òr = =# qH
=z e q`~K, ix |OKHx =#= "^H ~ ^x Hx # K
~ >. n< =#~ ` =~ J~@<~. == L#@~_ H^
_~, Qe
`_~ H_ J~^x Q" . ('^=` `k # uH [#~`)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
179
JC_ ^=_ ''J` g x~ WH #OH". J~^< gO

`~Q _= ~>O. J#~>_. J` ^=_ H_ ^z#O =`~
^#~_ `~KH~>O. x~^~Q h= Z~` q"H=~`_,
O *x. ÔO
(~ K~) K# ^+O e `~Q D q^~ Q "=
"ix (#OH~ ) XHiHHO `Q K=. (128-129)
(^=_ "ix Dq+ ~ H_ J_Q`_:) ''l#O! =#=O!!
g ^Qi H g #~_ ^= =H
O^? "O < H
qx D k#~
Qi~z q=e Ki~K^? ^xH O ''B# (! Hx ""
_Kq # >O). =H =uOH~ Q "" H q< O J~>O. D<_
WH rq`~ ix "y~z~k. Hx `= uOO"Y
i J=~a~K=x
O>
O A ~Q O `=H =uOH~ Q (W) H ~ K|Ò.
[ ` ~ Uq> èx u L#C_ ^=_ i [<"
# J<~Q `_z > _ H^. D q+ ~ è_xH (i#~_
Dq^~ Q H ~ fH=_~ [OQ`~k). (130-131)
u=H `# K H# HO e |> (O
H~) J`x ^, J~`

L~>. h = =#= K # HO e FH~@ Q=x< L<_. h
= xOHO _, HO }=_. P# Q`~ "~ *è `y~z
i #~ q=e Z O Q K_ WC_ H_ P# `K
H~> q=e `y~z g #~ WÒ e fHOQ_. gH "Q#~
K|_`#k (~) `H~_ =~k. ^x gO Uq^~Q#
J_H O . (132-134)
==^! "iH K : ''[O! gO g#~ L~_ xK
L~_~_. <# <#~ L~_ xK#. Z=i O =#~ Q~@~^
Ò< gH `~ k. ÔO
Z#>H e H$` HO . (135)
"O ^=_ $+~ z# , = #~_ P#H~ H~` QO
H>~z 'Jk ^=x Q=x, Wk `= ^=` Q=x J~>O. J`
O `= ^=` H~ xO
~z# Q~ ^=x ^QO H KO H^Qx, ^=x
H~ xO~z# Q~ =`~ "i (He`) ^H KO`~^! O
Z~> ^+ xO
H _`<O!! (136)
JQ i q^^ ix q< Ta <>" i=`x iH
J#=<Ô K _xH t`# `~ }HO~Q K K~K.
^=_ `KH~> O KO H^. H#H ix i=<# =k.
"i J`, J ` H#< "ix _L
~_h. (137)
180
(6. J<P")
Y~P< "=$Ò
("i~H Z<x ÔKO $+~ KH<O K_:) ''D =, D

~@ x+k~K|_. "= Z=iH W=QO`" "O =`" g>x
u#=K Jx J~>O O. D P~H
O $+~ KH#". JQ Hx
[~`= g^ s K H_^x , >K` =y "~KH _^x P~H

qk~KH<O. =iHx [~`=e H@C_ ^=x O i~KO . W=h
O ^=x g^ "# J~_ =`" . D J~_, J ` H#H
Ò< ^=_ iH > O =#O KqK_ . (138)
"i~H WJ~>O: ''D= QO L#q = O+H
=`" ` H~K|_, =
H x+k~K|_. J` Jq =$``
_# =` >x L
u#=K.D J `H
#H ^=_ ix
` H~_ tH _ . P# = q"H= ~`_, ~ *x. (139)
J*#~ _ `= ~`<x KO#O, ^=_ k~z# PO
== e ^=x g^ J|^" x+k~KH#O O~Q #+ `~.5
O iQ =O +
O. WH O Z#>H îH OO. (140)
(gH~) ~kg^ H, Hx K@` OHO H `@, `#
$+~ z#_ P ^=_. qq^ OH PO Ô Lù K ,
YOO K@# $+~ z#_ H_ P<. P< Pe, ^x= =$H#
$l< _. > ~_ K_>xH PHO~ W~Kq~K XH L#>H
Oz =`~ L~@~k. Jq ~@H =z#C_ > ~_ Q
u#~_. ^~`@ ~@ H` =z#C_ J~^ #~z ^=x H
(^ PiH H) H_ <O" O ~_. Ô K H~_. Ô Kix
^=_ q~K_ . (141)
gO sK _xH, =y O}K _xH L y~K [~`=e,
u#_xH, (KO ~) OK
H=_xH L Q_ =e H_ P< $+~
K_. H#H > ^=_ Ô =`~ K# =e xO ~Ò~ Q u#~_.
J` +`< J_Q*_ #_=H~_. +`< gH |O~Q `=. (142)
Wq ~>, ` H "`~ Zxqk OH = O~_ QO*uH,
O~_ "H*uH K~k#q. "ix J_Q: ''^=_ "> `*ux x+k~
K_? H ~>*u<? H QO, "H QO L#
# x+k~K_?
gO ` =~`` O# PÔ` <H =^#~ W=~_. (143)
JQ O~_ X~>*uH K~k#q, O~_ P=*uH K~k#q L<.
"ix J_Q:''^=_ "> `*ux x+k~K_ H ~>*u<? H
5. ~`# xO^~ Qi~z 17:31 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
181
X~>, P= QO L#
# x+k~K_? ">x x+k~z#@ ^=_
gH" < P[ *s K_? JC_ gO<O? O# *#~ H ~_ [#
_î >~K_xH W ^=x g^ J|^ "_ H~> O=
ÔO_ =O=O L~>O? J~> ÔO
H ^=_ Z#>H <O~
K_ . (144)
=H! "ix J_Q: ''Kz# [~`=, q~z# OH~ , Jq`" # ~k
=~~, ^ +" # [~`=, J~> ^" ` O O` H|_#
[~`= ` =On u#_~ x+k~K|_#@ < ^QO H ~|_# kq
+$u ^.6 HH` Q`~Ò~x iu =`~ D x+k`
u#=K. J` J u< =H H_ Jq^
`H X_Q@
H ~_ qugi
L^ ~ H ~_ =He. x~^ ~Q h = Q H= je, JO
^ =_. (145)
^#iH "= QQ [~`=e x+k~K~. JQ P=,
"H H=x H_ x+k~K~- "> g, Q, Z=HH J~> =~_
H= `. D x+^~ "i uOO~, àO`<H tHQ qk~K~.
"= K|`#k ==>H x[~. iC_ x# xOHi, h = JO
HO }=_, ^~` @ P# tH #~_ <O e Z=O ` ~KO x
iH KC . (146,147)
|^ O^H ''^=_ `z=~> "=Qx, = ``=``
Qx
|^ O^# KO= H= U == h x+k~KH< O= H=
Jx J~>O. iH O~ H_ |^ O^H W~> =@ eH
`x xOHi~KO. z=iH =tH KqKO. ix J_Q: ''nxH g^QO
U^< H ~ L~^? L~> =H K~_. W=h H=~ g J#=<,
J `H
#. gO TQ< =`" KO . (148)
iH KC : ''O# |"# HÔ~ ^=x^QO L~k. P< `K
HO> gH~îH <O=~|# |k k~K_. ^=_ >x
x+k~K_x J~> ^xH H~ fHO~_x KC. P q^~Q OH"
H q h==`~ i`@ H ~ W=H_^ . "i HiHe h= Z#>H
J#i~KH . O = H
uO i~KO. O
Hx q~K ^ .
Q h =H WÒ # > He< O. (149-150)
''g = g Z~> P~H
qk~K_ `< Jx iH
`q*~:
6. D H` @ 2:173, 5:3, 16:115 H
H_ K_~_.
182
(6. J<P")
Y~P< "=$Ò
P#H Z=ih > He~KH _^ .

è^ ~ _ @ ^=#` =He.
î^
~` g ~`<x (K*` ) `=OHH~_. "=
gH POq< =, iH POq< =.
hu"# # î^H_ " H~_- O ~Q<< ,
|O~Q~Q<< O.
<ukH ` ^=_ x+k~z# U }h `=OH~_.7
gO JO~ K Hx =H~>Ox ^=_ gH q+ k < _.
J<^ H =H KO H#~`=OH H= û Ô
` "i = gxH H~_.8
`xH, H` iQ <~ >~K~_. u =H "=
J`# "Qey#~` ^ ` O" "`=.
==O~ g|~^ =H ~|~k~z#^< O <~Q =>_~ _.
^=x q+ ~ gO K# =}x x@H~_.
gO q+ x QO~ KH~>Ox ^=_ gH L^t < _.
W^ `# xOt ~z# ~A=O= x, H#H gO D =O< #_x
P# gH L^t < _. WÒ K =O J#i~KH _
^x, J J#i O P# =O~ #~_ q=e ` Ox
#K* `<_.
gO K_ *eH H~_
H
` =H~>Ox ^=_ D
q^~ Q gH `^ ~ K < _. (151-153)
^ O# H = =O k~K_xH "= =H (Ò`) Q~Ô
WK=. J~^ u q+xH ~|~k~z# q=O L<. Jk
iQ =OH ^ O H Q~^~ , HO}^x. [ `= =x HH<
q+ ~ qO# L^ ~` ^x J=ì~* =. (154)
J^q^~Q "= DQ~^x H_ J=ì~*=. Wk Z~`
^H "# Q~^~. H#H gO nx J#i H "Yi
7. U " OQx =Hx `=O_~ O" # ~. Wg tH$u ik
H =K <OH ` =O <OxH =O} tH qk~KH _^ . L^: J=H_ `
K_~, Ô~# =O~ P@~H $+~K_~, Wg O[~ ~u
^`
H q `~ Hey~K_~ , q` =aKOxH _@~ "^# q.
8. D H` @ 4:2,6 H
H_ K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(6. J<P")
183
J=~a~K~_ gO HO }~K|_Ò. WH gO ''=H O~ O~_=OH

(^H, H = H) Q~^ W=|_Qx, ~q Kk"O =Hg
è^ Jx H K O . JQ ''= Q~^~ J=ì~z=~> "=
iH< ZH= <OQ =Q L~_OO Jx H_ H K O .
g = #~_ WC_ g ^QO H uOQx =}~ =z~k. Wk
Q =O^ O H Q~^~ . ge@ ^= HO}~. (W~>) ^= }x uO i~z
àO`#~` =Y~ uCH<_ H~> O= ÔO_ =O=O~>_?
= He q~KH~_ =Y~ K>iH "= J`~` Hi#tH
qkO. (155-157)
WH O ^xH~ ZÔK< O? i =~^ ^= ^` ` H~
Hx H h = ky~"x K< O? H h = K# Hx
|O` = =~ H~ xsH < O? h = K# |O` =
OA, J `< q~Kx_ ^x q~z [#~ L~_^ . JQ `x q~z P `~ =` Z~>
Ò~ Kx_H ~`~ J`x q~ POA Z~> [#~
KH O^.9 ==^ ()! ''O JQ ZÔK_~_, "= ZÔKO
Jx iH K. (158)
`= Ôx peH eHQ KHx qa# =OQ q_#
i` hH~> ~|~^~ ^ . i ==O~ ^=_ KH~>_. O
K~ ^q> P< iH è*_ . XH Ò~ K# =HH ^=x ^QO
kO@ }
~ a ~ k. J` XH Ô~ K# "_H P XH
HO~
" a ~ k. JH_ Z=iH Z~> J<~ [OQ^ . (159-160)
9. J| MÔ =k (O ) M#~ HO~ WH_ K#~>
K#x JO~ . P K# XH>- FOA L#@~_ nO (H) Ou Q_z #

`~` O_ _=> kH #~z L^_. JC_ Jq `x
q~z< [#~ L~_^ . J^ q^~ Q `x q~z, `^# Q}~Q ` O
PKi~KxO POA Zx Ò K< ~ ^ . =~ q~z ~k.
H= Ô~ =|_~k. `~ Hi~K|_^ .
K# J~> =^, H$ u " s `, ^ , ^ ~> tH
Ô =x+ =$`` _@
~ H_ H=K. =$`^` =~y@ e#C_ Jq
_ , ''WC_ <# ^=_, P# =H (~ )# q < #x ZxO

eH<, Ò PKi~KH~_ ~zH "~ _# <==`
=~ , W>#~z <# H=~ ` H~_ #=*, O* >#, ^= =O~ <
O O Ô# Jx Z~` "`H < ~ ^ . sH =~ Q_z ~k.
P#O +@ K*i~k. WH i[ H" ZÔK_= L~@~k.
184
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=H! W KC: ''<= <H OA=O~ K~K_- Z~>

=~H, =` x ~~# r=#Ô~. |Ô^#` Z~>
~|~^~ O_ i UHQ`` W~ J=~a~z# Ô ~ Wk. "iH
+~Q KC: ''< O#-PO^#, < r=#O} =~ OH
=~# J H =i`~. P#H Z~> Q= O . nx
Qi~K <H P[ a~z~k. J~^H <# J~îH< =~^ P#H
q^
} #. (161-163)
KC : ''^=_ H
$+O H =, +H _. J~> ^=_ =ê
<# "~ =x J<+~K? u=x+ `#HO H `<^ _. XHi
|O= =OHO "O . gO~` g x[ = xkH KO H= L~k.
JC_# g=^ UO_# q^ x*x*q> gH è*_ .
(164)
P< q=e Ô }
^= uxkQ xq~K_. gH k~z#
^x q+" q=e sH~K_xH P# g H~îH H~îH<
ZH= ^, J~` k~K_. h = Ò_ (<Oe)
Hi#~Q tH_. ^~` @ P# ([#@) QH=je, JO
^ =_ H_. (165)
J=Ò}
: =H
7. tYO (P~)
H: 206
D J^x ''PO (tYO) J~>O. Wk ^^ '' = J<

J^~ J=ì~z# H~< J=ì~z~k. ^=x UH`~, =H ^`~,
OH i=}# Qi~z K|` =H |Ô^HH OA=O~
Qi~z D J^~ k~K|_~k. ~Q~ =^ XHK@ Q~^[e
L^t ~z, =OHK@ =` =#ox L^t ~z ^ K |_~k. z=i
^==H (~)H, P# J#KOH ÔKO q^#~, ^x ^è
Qi~z q=i~K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Je- -g-^. ==^ (~ )! D Q~^~ Ô h= ([e)
Ki~K_xH nx h =^H ~_~ [iy~k. H#H (~^ KO~
Qi~z) h= U=`~ ~Hz~KH . Wk q~z#i H~ XH `^.
(1-2)
=#=O! g = #~_ g ^ Q O H J=` i ~z#^x
J#i~K~_. g =x =ê (P# P[H =uOH~ Q) WÒ #
J#i~KH~_. Hx gO (=) `^~ @ K `H=Q ^
K`<O. (3)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
185
"= Z< [#^ `_z>=. i =tH Ou" O`Q

=z_~ k. ^ @ Q
O q~u fH< " =z~k. =tH =z
#C_ O (`~ `) ''"= x[~Q K ÔO
~ Jx =`"
J<O. (4,5)
U"# >H, "= Z=i ^QO H ^= =H
# ~" ix ` H~_
("i HOe Qi~z) t=.1 (= ~^~ J~^* ^`# gO
U"OH <O" O O, ^xH [ #~_ Z~> u~^# =z~k? Jx)
"= =H
# H_ J_Q`~. P Ò` "= [iy#^~` = *#~`
"i=~^ _=. ("i uQ` èH=_xH) "= J^$"
ZH_H ^. P OA (HO `) |O"#^ `==`~k. Z=i
` ~ |O=Q L~@~^ iH "H~ a ~ k. =O=i ` ~
èHQ L~@~^ O O~Q #+Ò. O = H @
J<~Q =i~ _O. (69)
"= Ô }

gH i JkHOez =~* =. gH~ WH_
r=# =y H_ =HO=. Hx gO K `H =Q H$`[` K
`<O. "= q=e $+~ z gH OOY# He~KO. `~` P^~
QO=KH~ Q Ja^~ K ~_x ^= ^è P^t~KO. = PÔ >
J~Ô Ja^~ KO2 XH Wc `. J`# Ja^~ K"i
KO
^ . (10,11)
1. Z=O=i ^QO H =H
~^~ Ki~^ ix ` H~_ t~K_~ [OQ
`~^x YOP< K|`~k. J~> O `= Jq "YiH HO}~Q Z~>
H K O# =@. iHH #OH" Qu. J` =H
~^~ KOx ix Qi~z
^=_ Z~> xO
~ fH~>_ YOP< K ^ . i J^$+~ O= ~^,
#OH= ~^ ^=xH èe. H#H =#~ i q+ ~ =#~ =~K_" =~zk.
(n~`@ 17:15 H, ^x ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
2. WH_ QO=KH~Q P^~ Ja^~ K~_x J~> P^~ (J)H
=`" XH =HQ Ja^~ K=x JO~ H^. =` =#oH ux^~
=~K =#=_Q P^~H Ja^~ K =x JO~ . ^=_ =#=_ O`$+r qQ
$+~ z, `# " # P[ e rq`==O KH |iK uxkQ xq~K_~ `
@, ux^ ^ ` xO~K_xH H=# ~O *#~u H_ J`xH
k~K_. H#H J~> O`$+ rqH QO= KH~ Q gO~` J`x =~^
`=~z ~y=x nx JO~ .
nx|> =#=_ `# ^=_ "# ux^ ^ è H=~Q, ~i
Q, rq`~`~ xO J`# x[~Q O`$+ _Q, ^= ^` H~> L#`_Q
Q
_. P ^ ` xO~KH ~_, =<~K
H x q$~Y rq`~
186
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''(Wc! ) <# P*~ z< (#"~^H Ja^~ K ^ ?) U q+ ~

x# Ja^~ K H~_ xOk~z~k? Jx "= t~K=.
^xH _ ''<# W`x H~> +_. h= ## Jy`3 $+~K=.
J`_ (Z~> q=x) =>` $l~K= J<_. (12)
''JQ<! J` hqH_~z ky. WH_ J~HO~` qOgQ_xH
hH~> H^ . "o WH_~z. h= (= P^x kH i~z) O=
hK_=~ = J<= "=. (13)
''J` (^!) =#= =m |uH~K|_ =OH <H Q_ =x=
J<_ (Wc ). (14)
''JQ W<~ " J<= ("=). (15)
''O, h= ## Uq^~ Q =O + _ K, <# H_ =#= *ux
Q_ ` J`xH< xH$+ rq ~ K~ =OH> L~_^ . z=iH p=, ^=H<
J^Qu =`_. p=, ^=, =, H "^# r=O W~>
^ ` =. >x H_ ^=_ =#=x =H" $+~ K_. =O}#~Ò~
>H O #OH L~_=. J~^= ux^ ^ ` xO~KH ~_ <O _ Q
=i# =#=_ H< D Jr= q#. (WÒ q=OH 2:34 H K_~_.)
3. =#=Q =~z H K_ J=~a~K K `~` ~k# =OH
*u H_ D ~K~ L~k. Jk l<*u. D l# (`) Jy*`
$+~ K|_ =#=H H#_H ~_ L~>O. O =#=e K_Q
QÒ, Hx
=#= ix K_O . =< +cO J^ Lh (O ) Qi M#~
HO~, D l# =#=x @HH =~^ Hx" U~_ #~_ H~ =#Q_
y L~_O. JC_ O PH~H H_ `~_O. J` H~
OH `~, ~Ô< [O_ ~ ^g i =_~` q = P^~ ` ^= ^`
J<H =~k l## ~i~KO. qye# l# H~_H, J_=H iO.
(l# $+ Qi~z# q=OH 6:128 H ^ zH K_~_.)
D l# Wc Q H _ Q , ~_` _Q O `K H<_. J~^= J`#
D =H ~OxH QiHH~_ ^= ^`` H L~_Q_. J`kH =~k
l# `=O|_# Ò ` Wc `# H O}`, ~_`# KHx WH
H~ `<H_ Q}x, `## ^=_ YbQ xq~z WH_ `#~
K~K JkHO~ W_x q~KQ_. J` ^=_ P^~ (=#=_)x YbQ
xq~K#x H>
~ K_~ ` J`# xOK~ ^_. J` =~_` P^~H |^
`= _. J~`QH `# => H< q"# Jy` $l~K|_#x K|`
=O ^+~`, *`~HO~` qOgQ` ^ [# kH i~K_. `` e `~Q J`# `
Q _
_. J~^= gO H_ J~> "Y
i J=~a~z H$`
HH~_x ^=_ =#=e Ki< _.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
187
î `~K_xH h OA=O~ =@" HO~>#. gix =~^

#~z, "#H #~z, H_ #~z, Z_= #~z Jx #~p K@=@
`#. gi K =~kx h= qhQ, H$ÀQ K_=
J<_ Wc . (16-17)
''Fi hK_! Q _ = WH_~z "o. (Q q#,) h`
x# J#i~K O~^s #OH~ H qi"# ''P^~! h=, h O
WÔ O~ x=~K~_. WH_ gO Hi~^ u~@ Q L~_~_.
J` (JkQ) P K@ ^Qi H =`~ " H~_. "O, gO ÔO

KiÒ J<= "=. (18,19)
P `~` +`_. _ (iî
^QOH "o) ''g = q=e P K@ ^QiH =^x Z~^H<_
`? gO ^= ^` Òx, ^ ` (O) rq`~ a ~ ^x ^x
^QO H x=H~_ q=e i~K_ Jx K_. Q _ =}~
K =s ''<# gH x["# a+x (<=@ #=~_) Jx #=
|eH_. (20-21)
D q^~ Q _ " >` Q _
` i^s `# = " H<_.
z=iH iO=O (x+k`) =$Hx OzKO. ^~` "~@< i =O=
XHi =~^ =OHiq |O`" . O (Q` aH
Kz) O~ x PH` `= ^ # HC H=_xH u~KO.
JC_ i = ''<# q=e P K@ =^H =^x i~K^ ?
+`< gH |^q Ok Jx K ^? Jx J_Q_.
''! ("= P`=~K#H _) =H "" J<~K
KH<~.4 (WH h" kH.) h= ==e HxHi~z Hq~KH` "=
O <#" `= J<O iÔ (`~ ` Hqe`). (22-23)
4. +`< "@"
^@ [` (J )# "y~z P"H PK@ ~_
ux~K_x, P Ò ` [` P^~ (J )# `# = " H=_xH P"# XH
x=@Q _H<_x ~K~ fu. n~` ~K~x F ^ =O~
x kQ*O_xH u~z~k. Hx YOP< D x Y~_ WH_ +`<
i^s "y~K_x, WÔ _ "xH QO x+k` == u<Ox K|`~k.
(WÒ q=OH 20:120,121 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.)
=#=_ +`< K "H, _ H QiHH~_ L~_~> ^=_
`#=H
Ô ~ P[ > `^# Q}~Q hu=~`" # rq`~ Q_ =
L~@~k. Dq^~ Q =#=_ rq`~`~ ux^ ^ ` xO~K_~ Ô
O`$+ rqJ ^= # `#, `# J x # O^ =x ~^Q
_.
188
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''ky~_. gO~` XHiHHO `=. gO XH xs`H~ =OH

H~ Q_ = L~k. JH_ gH x~, r=<k (=QO ) ^
<. JH_ gO rq~Ke, JH_ Kxe. z=iH JH_~K
q=e #s=~` uiy _ ~ [OQ`~k J<= "=. (24-25)
''P^~ ~`#=! gO g =O=# HC H=_xH, g ^ xH
OH}
Q, J~HO}
Q L Q_ >
xH "= gH ^
k~K=.
J` Jx>H~ >
H
^
Z~`+ # q. Wk (=GÔ}) ^=x
K# XH K#. gO q+ ~ Q Ox (W ``<=). (26)
P^~ ~`#=! (+`< K+@ J#H}~ J=`~Q L~_~_.)
_ g è^~_e => O~#~_ f"~K_. XHi =O=
=OHi =~^ |O` ~ H=_xH "i ^
`y~K_. *Q`!
P q^~ Q "_ q=e H_ ==@` = @=K. "_, "_
J#KO= H q=e gO K_x " #~_ KO . D K=H#
"= q~Kx"iH (=`") KOQ, ~OHHQ K=. (27)
"O^< Q = e# x K , `= `` =``
H_ WQ K ~ _
"Ox J~>O. Q ^=_ J K =x `=# P*~ K_x K|Ò.5
iH KC: ''hu# # K=x ^=_ Z#>H P*~K_.
gO ^=x OK gH èx q+ e Qi~z ^=_ k < _x
J~>O? KC :'' < = W P*~ K_-gO <~Q =i~K~_.
O# K#C_ g =## XH^=x g^ Q~K~_. P<
"_H~_. g r=#Ôx P# H" `H~KH~_. P# DOA
q=e Uq^~ Q $+~ K_ O (
k<#) H_ J^ q^~ Q q=e
#$+ _ . (28,29)
XH =OxH P# <O~ K_. O~_ =O~ <@ =O+`"
O> L~k. ^xHO}~ O ^=xH |^ ` K# OHH Q
K Hx `= <O~ L<=x q~ _O. (30)
P^~ ~`#=! O# K us i =GÔ}` q=e gO
J~Hi~KH~_. u#~_, `Q~_. (Q L~_~_.) Hx ^
=`~
gOH~ _. ^
gO"ix ^=_ Z#>H q~K_ . (31)
==^ (~ )! ix J_Q: ''^=_ `# ^ H~ =u~z#
D J~HO}# Z=O x+k~KO? Z=O ^=_ k~z# i^
5. YOP< J=Ò}
H O~ JO| H Q$x #Q~Q ^H }
KO.
Jk ^=_ P^t~z# =`KO=x q~KO. YOP< D ÔKOx x+k~z~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
189
== e x+k~z#k? KC : ''W=h W@ ~ K rq`~# q

H" L< J@
k<# H_ ` H~Q "iH a. W
"= q+ ~ Q ~K iH~ =H
q_=Oz è* < O. (32)
==^ ()! iH KC : ''< = D q+ x+k~K_:
Q = e# #- Jq |O~Q # =<, O "# =< ~ .
HO,
`xH =uOH~ Q ^g i =i~K_~ ,
^=_ Z~> =}~ ~H < P#H \He ~K_~ ,
^=_ P^t~K_x P# Og^ gH èx q+
K _~.
u*uH (<u H x==o q+ ~) XH Q_ = xO
~K|_~k. P
Q_ = =y WH XHH}
~ H_ P~ K _~Qx, "^ " _~
Qx [OQ^ . (PÒ` P*u HQO ~ He " |_`~k.) (33,34)
($+ O~~ < ^=_ K_:) P^~ ~`#=! g #~_ g
^QiH =H qx~K =H =z#C_ H` Ô
=#Hx `="Y i ik^H #"iH Z~>
~Qx, ^Y~Qx L~_^ .
=H
uO i~z, =H
@ uOQ@Y i J=~a~KO =`~
#OHxHÒ. JH_ "iH `~QL~>O. (35-36)
J` q+ He~z ">x ^=xH Pk~K "_H~ >, ^ ^=x
H
uO i~z# "_H~ > O= ÔO_ Z=O~>O? J~>iH
"i qk` O|_#k =`" (H<@) a ~ k. z=iH "=
~ ^` "i } f_xH =O . JC_ ^` ''Ui, ^=_
=ê gO "_ H# g q^^ WC_H _H O? Jx tO .
^xH O ''"O~` =#~_ H#=OQ O J~>O. ''"= x[~Q
` uOO~ Jx "~ `=H`" =uOH~ Q H ~ K|Ò. (37)
''J` gH O~ =#=, l# =O~(XH>) Z #OH~H
_~ ^ gO H_ #OH~ H _~ _ Jx ^=_ q_ . u
Q~ #OH~ "t ~K@C_ `#H=~^ "t ~z# Q~# ^+ ~ k.
W J~Ô #OH~ Ki QqQ_# `~` =~^ Ki# =Ox
`~` Ki# =O~ x~k ''! gO ==e î `~z#O, H#H
giH O>~ tH qk~K J~@~k. ^xH ''u XHiH O>~ tH qk~K
|_~k. P ~Qu gO Q ~KH `<O Jx =^#~ a ~ k.
190
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P Ò ` "^> =O~ O~_= =O~ ` ''(==~^H J#=O~ Q

x~kO?) = H~> gO~ `H= u<O? WH (=@ Ke~z) gO
K*` ~k~KH#^xH e`~Q #OH`# KqK_~_
J~@~k. (38-39)
= H uOi~z ">@ àO`#~` ==i~z#i
H~ PH Ô Z#>H Ò= |_=.6 k [~ Q~_ X~> Ô_~
6. q, Jq =O}#~Ò O =<# Qi~z ^= =H (~ )
q=O~Q è# q ~H ~ Q<< WH_ O#_~ ~Ôz`~Q L~@~k:
q }O f_xH =K ^= ^` J~^" # =Y=O` O= ,
O # fHz ''~u<~k# P`! h = # `Q~ " #H |
Ô J~>O. JC_ P` ~`+~` ^ ~ #~_ "=_`~k. ^= ^` ^x
#Q =~ K@Hx fHO. PHOx ^=^` PH Ô Òz
P `H Q`~ K|Ò. W ^x U_= PH~H fHo $+H O xk
" _Ò. JC_ $+H O ''D ^x O We~< (` ~ z\) O J`_
uiy H~ " fH ~_x P* _ . =O}^` P P`# =kx P
q ^ ~ uiy " _Ò.
=k WÔ ^= ^` =z ''h = Z=O h Ô ~ Uq> gH OA
=O~ K_xH =z# =H Qi~z h Ja~ Uq>? J~@ tO . ^xH
q O# =^< K|`_. JC_ PH~ #~_ ''< ^_ x[~ K_.
J`xH O= î ~* , O O OK
~ _ (=k) O~ " ~_ H>H Òz
@~_ J< =@ qx. P qH =k

k#~ =OH ~fM
UO@ [OQ`~k. J`x =k J`x H#K "OH q==`~k.
Jq }O f_xH #x ^= ^` F Q<\
fHx =z ''^~`!
^"QO " |^~ JO\~. P ^~` f="# O` s~O #O_
|\H ~O_ J@W@ u~QÒk. JC_ ^= ^` =HO #Oz
`_ # Q_ y#@ J`x ^ O #Oz P`# |=OÒQ yf Q<\
K\
PHO " fH ~ . P ^~` #Oz o~# =O #Oz "=_@@=O\
Jq` ^~O Ô "=_Òk. Ô` PHOx ^= ^` PH^~ `~= ~.
^==H (~) W K|` D H< iO: ''= H uOi~z
>@
àO` ==i~z#i H~ PH Ô.......... (7:40)
P Ò ` $+H O ''D ^x O =` H H~> J^ `~ L~_
'r< (^+O z\) O, J`x P`# q " fH ~_ Jx P* _ .
=O}^` P Ô`# =k _|_# ^x ^~H qi_ "O.
^= =H (~ ) D ~Qu K|` k=YOP<x D Hx i O : ''^=xH >
He~z#_ PH~ #~_ J=~`~ J^ `~H _ #>. WH J`_ H <
_KH u~>, ^ Qe J< Zu Ô~Q qi _" ~ k. (22:31)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
191
Z~` J^ " O O~ "t ~K_~ H_ J~` J^ ~. <O

H
= ^QO W~> ^+" a ~ k. i _H H_ #OHy_H ^>
H_ #OHy ^> J=`. W^ ÔO
H "qK u
~. (40-41)
=He q~z =~z# KO (Z~` J^$+=~`.)"= U =x+< J`x HH q~z# ^ ` "=- (O) O =
Ò. JH_ iH `~Q (Y~`` Q) L~>O. (42)
"i $^ XHiH =uOH~ Q =OHi q+ ~ U^< ^+ =~
LO> ^x "= f" O. i ("_) =^ O =~ >.
O(D " " K) ''H
` ^=xH a. P< =H =O~
K~K_. P# Q#H =H <O~ KH L~> =J~`@ "g
=O~ ~^QeQOO H=. = = ~# =H x[~Q `<
`KO J#~>O. P =~ ''gs OxH OO. gO
KH# HOH u~Q D O~ gH a~z~k Jx JsO}
qx~ k "iH. (43)
P Ò` O #OHe ez ''= = =H K#
Q<h <O" O . =i gO H_ g = K# Q< <O" O x
`H<O? Jx J_QÒ. ^xH O ''P...`H<~ Jx
=^#qO . JC_ XH H@
#HO i =^ H =z ''^=x =O~ H
OH~_ [e xOk~z# ÔO
^= ~ qOKH_ QH! O ^=
=Ox =HHi ~K êKO, O
Hx uO i~KO Jx J~>_. (44-45)
P O~_=O =^ XH J_Q _ L~@~k. ^x tYO =iH~Ô
L~>O. "O (O, #OHx) JO^s i =Yz# |> QiO .
JC_ "O O e L^t ~z ''gH ~u HQQH! J~>O. "i~H
P `~` J`x ^QOH WÔ ^=^` =z qx tOz#> t~.
^xH J`# ["a=H ''J, <Hg è^! J~>_. JC_ PH~ #~_
''J`# J|^= __. J`xH Jy= H@ >
, Jy(H}) _H g^ ~_@
~ _.
J`x H~ =k #OH~ " ~_ H>H Òz
@~_ J< =@ qx. ^x
HO~ P uOiH
~^H ÔO ^
HeQ UO@=`~k. J`x H >=
H qiy XH " #~z =OH " #H _KH =K@~`Q =k H~z~KH
`~k. P `~` JÒ` Ô#` H_# =iH|@ î ~z# F HOPHO~
J`x '^+O O `H= J`xH #OH `#H ~|~k~z# ÔO
qx~ k. ^~` J`# f=~Q ` _ ` _. (J^, J|^=^)
WÒ q=OH 8:51 H K_~_. =~}#O`~ rqÒ QiOz i q
`H=_xH 'WqH i~ O@~ #O_ "=_# ''~
H #O J< H O
K^= O_. r: 224.)
192
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
O~ "t ~K^ . Hx "t ~KQ

=x Pt< O. Ò` i ^$+ #OH
" _Q < '' ! ==e DÔO
KO HJx iO . (46,47)
P `~` tYO L#O #OH~ x H~Ô =He i =Y
ze|> Qi~z ez W J~>O: ''KH<OQ, DOA g =O
Qx, gO #"# =x q~z# g = =yQx gH U=`~ L Q
_
^ . O~ L# gix K_~_. gO Z< =}K, gi ^=_
^ K_x J<O! Jx J~>O. JC_ "iH ''O~ "t ~K~_. WH
gH Z~>
~Qx, ^Y~Qx L~_^ Jx K |_`~k. (48,49)
#OH O e HH" ez ''("qH_ =_ K < ~) =g^
H~K~ h K~ _. ^ gH ^=_ k~z# ^#< H ="
q~ ~_ Jx J~>O. ^xH O ''^=_ D O~_>h ` uO
OH x+k~K_. "O `= Ôx P@Q, q<^~Q KH<O.
~zH rq`~ ix "y~z~k Jx =^#qO . (JC_) ^=_
J~>_: ''gO =H
uO i Dk<x Qi~z >~ KHH~_ Z
=kO "= H_ DOA gix >~ KHH~_ =k < ~. (50-51)
"= "i ^QO H Q~^~ ~=. J~^ "= (rq` q^<xH
~|~k~z#) q+h q=O~Q è*=. Wk q~KiH
`^ ~ , HO} ^x. WH gO ^x H~ ZÔ K< O? D
Q~^~ è*# (O
H) i}=~ H" <? P i}=~ ~q ~K
OA, ^x Q`~ qi~z#~ ("= O HO K) W J~>O:
''x[~Q =# = ~# =H
`< `KO. (Hx =#" ^x
q~K^ .) W_ =# HO ~ K"~ Z=~< L<~? x,
=#e =OHi WHxH ~~K_"< [OQ`~^? J [iy`
=#~ Wk=OH K~_# (K_) # =< "O (=~z) # K
K_^~.
"O K*` #+~ Hx `K H<O. i J ` H#h i#~_
H#=OQ `. (O H@H # H" _ HHe `). (52-53)
" xH J g =, +H _. P< =H# PO
k< $+~ K_.7 Ò ` `# JkHO ~#~ Jk+~ K_. P<
7. WH_ k#O J~> =#~ KC H< 24Q~@ k#"< H=K. ^ 22:47
H ''h = ^$+ XHOA gO H~K " ~=ÒH =#~Q
L~@~k Jx O#@ " ~=Ò< H=K. ^ 70:4 H
''i^` ,
^= ^` ^=x xkH "
~=ÒH =#"# XH nO k#~ ZH
ÒJx O#@ "
~=Ò< H=K. J JO~ ^=xH `.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
193
Oux Q> HC`<_. uiy Q> "#H Ou OQ_` =~k.

P< O K~^ #H `# $+~ z#_. H
$+O P# P*
tO=< . q#~_! $+ P#^, P[ (JkHO~) H_ P#^.8
H
H =# P ^=_ Z~` ^ H_. (54)
H#H (=#=O!) g =x n#~Q, ^ h~Q, O ~Q "_
H~_. (QO~ KH~_) P# ^g Oix Z#>H q~K_ . ~ K~
~u, =O UO_# `~` (xx) JOKH~ , J[_ $+~ K
H~_.
~`, P` gO ^=_ =`" "_ H~_. x~^ ~Q P#
HO}~ ^ O# H Ju KO =< L~k. (55-56)
^=_ `# J#Q(=O)xH =~^ K> Qex KH~Q ~
`<_. Ò ` P Qe h>` x~_# " # U^~< =$` Q~
" "H
K < _. JH_ =O~ Hi~z OHO H ~_ ~_ < _.
J^ q^~ Q "= =$`# H_ (
k<#) |uH~z `=. gO
`^ Q ~K_xH "= W~> ^$~`# W< =. O=~`" #
< `# = J#[` +~Q =~z ~@x~ k. O~x Kq><
<OH < Lù K ~ k. J^q^~ Q "= H$À

# i H~ = H
,
K## =>=>H qnHi< =. (57,58)
"= ## J`x *u[ =^H ~~K=. JC_`# i`
''< *u Ô O! ^=_ POk~K~_. P# ` gH =O PO^ ^= ~
_ . g q+ ~ <<H
~HOk <# ~q ~K P^ Qi~z
_
`<# J<_. ^xH J`x *u<H (P P^ ~Q`" Qx) h=
=`~ +~ Q =O + _ #@ =H Hx< = J<O. (59-60)
# W J<_: ''Ô O! <<
~> =O + ` xH QiH^ .
<# OH = "# =HQ =K#. gH g = ~^~
^=_ =He POOA $+~ z# Ò` H = K|`#@ U_=
OA q~u fH^ . P# =He $+~ z# Ò` q==# H=~Q
xO, *=Q e~K_xH U_= OA JkHO ~#~ Jk+~ K_.
8. ^=_ qx $+~ z# $+H O =`" H^, P# D qxH H_,
=, OkHi, #HO H_. OK~^ #H ` P# xOt ~z# x==o
HO" `= q^ xO< . =, H , =$H, WÒ J<H $+`
P# < HO" `= `= uH Ô <O" O < . ~Q =#=x
J= H_ ^=_ xOt ~z# x|~^# "OH `= [HO xO< .
J~^= ^=_ =#=xH sH xq`~ k~K|_# K `~`# kx
Q~ K H~@, ^=x Jc+~ HO" rq`~ Q_ x YOP< K|`~k. J~^
< J`x WO
~ L~^x è*~k.
194
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
J~^* < #. g a+x. gH èx q+ ^=x " #~_

<# `H<#. ~Q g*uH K~k# =x+ Ô g =^H g
= ~^~ =z#~^H PO~Q L~^ gH? q=e Ki~K
_xH, gO ÔH Ô~Q L~_>xH, gO HO }~K|_>xH D
~^~ =z~k. (61-63)
J` "O (D `^ q#H~_) J`_ uO i~KO. z=iH "=
#x, J`x J#KO e XH F_ ZH~z H_O. = H
uO
i~z# "ix =`~ =~z "O. "O (` ~ H#x) J~^ . (64)
"= P^*u =^H "iÔ _ ^ (J) x ~O. J`# ix
~k ''<*u [O! ^=_ POk~K~_. P# ` gH =O
PO^ ^= ~ _ . =i giC_< `C _ "Y i #~_ |@_O ?J<_.
Hx J`x *u<H D=@ q~K_xH xOHi ''h= => "i
_ L<= h= J|^ O_=x = L^ ~ J<O. (65,66)
JC_ ^ W J<_: ''<*u [O! <# "i}g H#.
HH = Ò# xq~K|_ ^==H#. <# gH g=
~^~ J~^*<#. g a+x, #=H_. ~Q g*u
=x+ Ô g^Qi H g = ~^~ =z#~^H gH PO~Q L~^?
q=e Ki~K_xH D ~^~ =z~k. *H ~ `K H~_ g =
#*u `~` q=e iH "O Q K_. P# gH Jxq^
Qu HeyOK_. ^=x J#Q , P# H
H
# QOH `K H~_,
g rq`~ OH = =`~k. (67-69)
^xH i J<O:''= ``=`` l=z# ê =ê
XH ^=_ POk~K? D~Qu K_xH< h= =z~k? O, h=
==e ki# PtH Uq> fHO. h= ` =~`_"` Dx K
K~K. (70)
^xH ^ W J<_: ''J` HKH~_, g g^ g = ^|
_ `~k. P# PQ ~ g qOKH_~ k. gO, g ``=``

@H# (q^^) O q+~ <` k<O? >H ^=_
Z~> =}~ ~H< q`~_^~ KO? JQ` (PtH
H" ) ZÔ K_~_. g`@ <# ZÔK#. (71)
z=iH "= =H~}~` ^x, J`x J#KO e H_=. =
H
uO i~z#ix `_z>O. ~ `x #""~ H^. (72)
"= =^ *u[ ^QOH i Ô_ ex ~=.
J`# i` W J<_:
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
195
''<*u [O! ^=_ POk~K~_. P# ` gH =O PO^

^= ~ _ . g ^QO H g = #~_ +" # =}~ =z~k. WkQ,
^=x X~>. gH~ W^H xÔ#~. H#H nx ^=x < KQ
"_xH =ê@~_. Z~> Ô^ ~` #< nx `HH _^ . J
K g ÔO"# P^ =z_`~k. P^*u Ò` g = P
*uH q=e "O Q K# q+ ~ *H ~ `K H~_. P# gH
Z~` B#`~ k~K_. `Ô D<_ gO K^ <# "^ < J^`
"# "_ H_ < O. H~_ KH W~_ xi< O. H#H ^=x J#Q
qi~KH~ _. Ô }

JOKH~ , J[_ $+~ KH~ _. (73-74)
J`x *u J~HO# <H `x q~z# |#=O
ix ''e `#= "# xq~K|_# ^==Hx gH `?
Jx J_QO. ^xH "O ''` H~_ ^= =H. P# fHz# ~^x
H_ "= q~K= Jx =^#qKO. JC_ Qi+
''J`
gO q~z#^x "= uO i< ~ J<O. (75-76)
P`~` "~ à~` `= [ L~ ~z XO># KO~.
Q ''e! h= ==e Ô Q _# P tH Uq> WH fHO K^~.
h= x[~Q ^= =H =` Dx K K Jx qOO. (77)
z=iH P~`~ T" =^=~ i qOKH_~ k. ^~`
O `= W~_
< O_ Tiq_KO. e D
#H ^$~
K ''< *u[O! <# gH < = ~^~ J~^* #. g
Hi Z~`Q< #K*#. Hx <<~ K Q#? gO g a+<
Ja=x~KH O Jx H` JH_~z (^` $^ ~`)
"o_. (78,79)
"= `x =HQ xq~z (J`x *u =^H ) ~=. J`#
`# *u[` J# =@ QOH `KH, ''gO~> Jj K+H
_ `<O! gH O~ ~ K~ Z=O K #@=~> Q = e#
x K<O!! gO HOe fOH=_xH # =ê O+ "~@
_O? (Z~` QK@!)9 gO iQ ^gi O Jx
J<_`# . (80,81)
9. D J [ "^ #~ (Sodomy, Paederastry) O~ H~kH =~ k. nxH
tHQ ''K# _ K~KH#_ `=O~_ _, H~k_ W^s O` H>
K~~_ Jx n =z~k. [` Je (Ol) HO~ W~> <O _ K~ J`x
x He" e. D Ja~` [` J||HO (Ol) H_ UHq ~KO. W=~
J|h (O ) HO~ ^, H i` e |> U^< Hi# tH qk~Ke.
196
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Hx J`x *u[ (àO`) ''Q~>~_ gix =# T

#~z. ^ q`@! J<O. J~`H q~z Z~> =^#~ W=H
O. z=iH "= "#~_#i Ki# J`xOx ` `x,
J`x H@~| e JH_~z f H_=. `~` P *u "=
(O)=O~ Hi~KO. K_ P `H Z~> Ôu >~ ^! (8284)
"= =^< [ ^QO H i Ô _ +S# ~=. J`#
`# *u[` W J<_: ''< *u[O! ^=_ POk~K~_. P#
` "~ PO^ _ _ . g =^H g = #~_ +" # xÔ #~ =z~k
H#H gO `xH, H` iQ >~K~_. [H O=# O H
`y~z W=H~_. Ô} ~f=O UO_H JOKH~, J[_
$+~KH~_. gO q~` (q+~ Q~K~_), J~^< g
L~k. (85)
''(rq`xH ~|~k~z#) u =O~ J_Q_ HOH~_. J
[# Ô Q > 'q~K"ix ^= =O~ H OH~_ xOk~KH~ _. P
=Ox K_Q > K+
H =_Q@
H ~ _. gO J~MHQ L# OA
QOH `KH~_. P `~"` ^=_ g [<# OK_. H~
ÔOH Z~> Qu >~^ HÒz K_~_. g H~Ô <#
`z# ^# #=`<O. =iH~Ô #=_~^. H#H =#e
Qi~z ^=_ Z~> xO
~ fH~>_ H FH > K_~_, P<
J~îH~> =~zxO
~ fH<_. (86-87)
J`x *u<H JkHO QO ~` qOgQ` ''+S! h=, x# q
~z#O (=O^Q) = =`~H uiy =K~_. ^~ >O, q=~
îh "= = @~ #~z Q~>" ~ (`?) J<O.
JC_ +S W J<_: ''Uq> |Ò~! =H W+~ H <
==e |=~`~Q "#H =Oe~*O? ^=_ ==e g (=`~)
D J[ "^#~ O+_ `# O` [i< O"#". uir
Q~^~ ^= =H (~ ) =K#~ W L~k: 'O`=u` ~Qq~z#_, `
`*u xOHxH _#_, H *u+_ ^Qi Ho J`# K # *~ #q#
"_ ==^ (~ ) J=ì~z# ^# uO i~z# "_=`_.
Z~` <QiH=x KC H< ` [ *u~O ~ <_ XH J~@
k Ju"Q~ Q |`~k. D kQ
nx `= ^q H HQ H>
~ K
H<O. gi _ ~_H `"y Hx ^ ` nx K@ = `~ K _~ H_
[iy~k. Z_ =~>
~HO" # kH HO}~ =aKO~, *u~O#x è
H_ g>x xOk~K_~ Qi~z <> =#=_ Pz~K_~ ^ .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
197
#~_ q=H Hey~K_. "= =m g =`~H = "= ^=xH

J|^~ Pk~z# O==Ò. = "# ^=_ è ` "= g
=`~H =m J_Q@_~ J~=~. = = *#~ u ==h
i"+~z L~k. P# g^ "= O~ "~. ! =H, =*u
[H =^ O# fOK~. h" J~îH~> =~zfOiq. (88-89)
J`x *u `x uO i~z# <H (XHOA ="= )
''=#~ Q#H +Sx J#i <#"`~ Jx OO~ KCH<O.
J` z=iH P~`~ T ~HO=~# L^=~ ix K@
=>~ k. ^~` O `= W~_
O_ Ti q_KO. (90-91)
+S# uOi~z#O `= W~_ J x=~K< ^#@
<= OH ~_ `_z@H O. Dq^~ Q +Sx uO i~z#
O z=iH O<#=O. +S (D #H ^$~ K) ''<
*u[O! <# < = ~# ~^~ gH J~^* # <# z=i^H
g < HOH<#. WC_H `x xOHi~z# D *u (Ôu ) @
<<~ ^H qKi~Ke? Jx JO@ P @~ #~z x+q~K_. (92-93)
"= U @}
xH ^= =H# ~< P@}
q# q#=`
H ky=K~^H gQ "^@ ix qH, HH QiK ~ >=.
J qH, HH QiK H~_ L~_@=#k Z#_ [OQ
^ . `~`
P û x =i "iH =~zu Hey~KO. J O Q Ja=$kK~ k
(P Ja=$kH =HOH _# $+H O # qi~z) ''=~zOA, K_O A
=# sHH_ =K Jx HQO.10 z=iH "= O`Q
"ix @H <O. OC _ iQ ~zH "H ~ _L
<O. (94-95)
10. Ô}~Q WH "O P^ =z#C_ >#~z Q}O~
Q ~z `= #_=_H# ~i~KH=_xH |^, W~> =@ HÒ.
==H ==^ (~ ) Z~` k~z< =H |^ O^H OA
=OxH OHQ P#H =uOH~ Q =i~` Hi# Y
i J=~a~KO. JC_ ^=
=H (~ ) gi HO = ` ~z `#H ~ K =x ^ x "_ H<O. ^x
HO~ f="# HO = =z [#~ =$` =e, `# `~ u<e# û UO_~k.
=H |^ O^H WH i ~KH ^= =H (~ ) ^Qi Ho D Q_ iu x Ô~
K =~kQ ^=_ i~K=x J_QO.
Hx ^= =H () ^=_ i~z Q_ iu `y~* # `~` O =i~`
>y O. HO^~ nx =H ==Q q~z P# ^# " "Q` O>,
ix H_ D ÔO
xOk ''W=h H q@
. W~`H O~ H_
HO =H@H =K. D<_ H`g H^. HH` Di nOHO = UO_~k H#H
gO ==^ K ==@ qx J`x = _H ~ _ Jx K QO.
198
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
@}
Q#H `x q~z ^=x @
H
HeyL~>,
"= i H~ =H (Ô)# Òz
> O=. Hx
O `x q~K_xH xOHi~KO. J~^= O K H# HO H
tHQ "= (L^=~ `z) ix @H <=. (96)
=i D @}
" H_ JQ U=O@ _= <O? Ou"
Q_x ^ L#C_ i = tH JH`Q qOKH_^ x `z Q~_
g^ K` "Hx L<O? H Q>" P_` _` (~zH
""~ =xy) L#C_ = LH_H e i"_ @H^x
xO
~Q L<O? ^=x Z`Q _
~> "iH U=`~
~^? O <#
= *u =`" W ^=x Z`Q_ @ =, H H~_
=#Q_ y~ k. (97-99)
Q` (=O}~) Ò ` WC_ qH O # O, "=
`KH~> i P^ `z_`=x, U =~z q+ ~ q#H~_ i
$^ H> =" =x Q ~KO? W "= Hx *` Q^
#
hH qx<=. "i ^QOH "i =H +"# xÔ< fHx
=KO. Hx XHi uO i~z#^x O =m q~K =#+ H^.
K! Dq^~ Q "= ` uOO $^ H> =" < =.
i K=~k Q#~Q~ K"i< "= K=. JQ "i
J<H =~k huxix H_ "= K=. (100-102)
"i Ò ` "= = (=H) H xÔ <ez O <, J`x O*k
HO ^QO H ~=. J` O H_ = xÔ < @ J<~Q<
=i~KO. K_, P ÔO
H (z=iH) Z~> Qu >~ ^. (103)
= W J<_: ''O <! <# q = " # =z# =H# . <#
^=x O` Uk =>_< ` " =>_@
~ < q^ H Ô ~. <# g
^Qi H g = #~_ +" # xÔ #~ fHK#. H#H h= W
~ù [# < "~@ ~~K. (104-105)
^xH O < ''h"^< xÔ #~ fHx =, h= Kk x[=`
^x = =~^ î ~K J<_. (106)
JC_ = `# KuHO H~^ _" _. "~@) |>H f_. Jk
KO H ^Q ^ Q "i` Hx~z~k. (107-108)
J` O <*uH K~k# H~Ô <H (= = U^ =^~
=~KH# @
_) ''W`# ` H~_ ^ =~uH_ L~>_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
199
W`# (`# =~`|O`) q=e gO[~ #~_ "_

Q@ E< _.
WC_ gO~ K ^KH<O K ~_ J<O O <`. (109-110)
Ò ` "O~` O <H W ''W`_ , W`x Ô _ H<
P L~K~_. DQ Jx @}H =# ^è ~ =~`q^
Piì#ix g ^QO H e~KH~_ Jx KO. (111-112)
^x HO~ Piì# =~uH O< ^QiH =KO. JC_
=~uH ''XH "= Qe J~^H =H^? Jx J_QO. ^xH
= ''g~ _"
~_ J<_.
JC_ =~uH (`= ^QO # `# <g^) _" O. (`H}
")
Jq HH H HxH@ Hey~z c`=O $+~ K. Pq^~ Q "O J^`
"# `~uHq^ î ~KO. (115,116)
iQ J^ =~ "= =H, J`x HO H~^ _"
=x
K=. J`# (HO) H~^ _" _ ^ `$> Jk q[$~a~z, "i
J ` H#x>h KHK
H K ~k. (117)
D q^~ Q ` ~ ` ~Q OA=~k. O He~z#=h J` =x
è~k. O <, J`x J# D > O~Q Ol`
O=~ O. =~uH D J^` == K J`~Q
~Q_ ''"= OH =# q~K~. =, O<
q~z# =# "= q~K~ Jx aQO Q J<O. (118-122)
JC_ O < (=~__ `)W J<_: ''Uq>, <# J#=u W=H
=~^ gi`_ qO? W^~` D@~ #~z WH_ Oe " Q@_
xH gO~` H x#<Q~. L~_~_, Ò< (^x O =#~) gH
`~k. "^@ <# XH"# g Kè, (>H Ja=Y~Q) O~_
" # gH# #iH#. Ò` q=e LiH~|~ ZH#. (123-124)
^xH "i J<O: ''= =~^H = = xÔ < =K.
"= >x q~K=. J^H^ h= = Q k~K_xH HO}~?
"= Z@ = = xkH =# "- ^! =H #
O k~K. "= hH q^
" L# u < =H =O}~
Hey~K. (125-126)
200
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
O <*u <H O <x =i~` ZQ^ ''gO =#, J`x

*u# ^~ JOKH~ $+~ K_xH JQ =ê_O? "O q=e,
g ^ # POk~K_~ =< gO K TOH~>O? Jx J_QO.
^xH O< ''<# "i H_He `=i, i H`# =`" |`H
x#. "i g^ =H i JkHO~ L~k Jx K_. (127)
= `# *ux FÔ` ''^=x ~ "_H~_. #~
=~K~_. D q ^=xk. ^=_ `# ^ `# Hi#ix ^xH
OQ K_. ^=x @ H` =<i^ J~u=
q[~ J=Òk. J<_. (128)
JC_ J`x*u [ ''h= OH =~^ H_ "= _~ K|_`
L~_"~. WC_ h= =z# Ò ` H_ _~ K|_`<~ J<O.
= (iH Ô~ K|`) ''g= Ò< g `=e `^
=>~ z "i #~ q=e _q (`#) ux^ Q xq_ .
JC_ gO #_KH~>O K_ Jx J<_. (129)
Oh (`Ô~ @) $ O=_xH "= H<@
"ix îH xH, ~@ HO`H QiK=. (Hx "i iu =O^ .)
=~zOA =z#C_ `=~^H JO=x J~>O î< ^
i~z#C_ =x, J`x J#KO e ^H<Q iQ} O . x*xH
"i ^H#~ ^=x Ku L~k. Hx i K=~k P ~Qu
Q ~K_~ ^ . "O =` ''h= = =~``~ ` y =
=~^ Zx K=Ò î ~z< "= x# Z#>H q~K~ Jx
`Q KO. (130-132)
z=iH "= "iH `# ~~K= q_`
^~_# =k=
, OQe ~= H # =k= <` >
=O~ Hi~K=. D
==x>h "= q_q_Q K KO. Hx "O uOO~, àO
`<< î ~KO. "O
O= ÔO
. (133)
U^< P^ =z_` "O = ^QiHo W |u=Ò:
''=! hH h = #~_ a~z# (=H) ^q ~` D P^
#~_ ==e Q>H ~K=x ^=_ i~K. Di Q#H h= =#~_ D
P^# èy "= h=> q~>= W ~ùx h "~>
~`=. (134)
J` i qOKH_# # tH# "= H~`H~ @ `y~K
Q< "O P_#=@ Ò. Dq^~ Q "O = == uO i~KO.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
201
">x U=`~ MÒ K ^ . z=iH "= i fHO~ fOH<O.

ix #_= ^~ =~z"=. 135-136)
P Ò ` "= "i #~ J}z"`H QO# |#=O~ [e
`z >=. Ò #~_ _= O =OH "= Z< Hey~z#
QxH "ix "OQ K=. Dq^~Q W ~ùi
q+ ~ h = K# Q#~ <O" i ~k. nxH HO}~ O #~
=~K_" . O <, J`x `Ô H>~ z# ">x (J~> "_#), ZH~z#
">x (J~> Ok ^H `@e) "= O<#~ K=. (137)
W ~ùix "= =^~ ^>~z P=H KO=.
JH_ #~_ O =OK>H }~ y~KO. î "iH qQ
@Hx HO# XH*u Ò _ ~ k. JC_ "O ''=! O l#
^= ~ ~>k =H_ U^< ^" x K= J<O.
^xH = ''gO =s =_ =>_ `<O. "O J=~a~z#
PO^# <#==`~k. "O K#k xH=e# x J<_. WOH
''^=_ q=e =` =#o B#Ò k~K_. J~> ^=_
=ê <# gH~ "O ^ x "^H >? Jx J<_`# . (138-140)
*H~ `KH~_. "= Oh i#~_ q=e q=H~
K=. O q=e O~Q _ ~ _O. g H_He `=O
g H=Oe =`" |`Hx ~ _O. g = Ò # gHk Hi# sHQ
L~_~k. (141)
"= =
OA Q_ = H~ =# e~KO. P `~ "`
DQ_ =# =O kOA _y~KO. W J`x = xO
~z# Q_ =
# OA~k. = (= ^QO H ) |Ô =~^ `# Ô x`
''<# "o# `~` h= <Ò # =# *u[H <H` ~ =~z O#
su xK L~_e. qz#HO `= #_=H Jx J<_. (142)
P `~` = = xs` =xH (H~_ ^QO H ) KO H#C_
J`x = J`x` ` H ~+} [i_. (P ~Ô ~ ) = `#
=# "_H~@ ''! < HH H k~z h Ô#Q~
Hey~K J<_. ^xH ^=_ ''h= ## (WH~) K_= . O, D
H~_ " H ^$+ i~K. Jk `# #~ ^`^~ Q L~> h= ##
K_Q
= J<_.
P Ò` J`x = `# k= `[# P H~_ i~
* Q< Jk =OH}
~ `<`#H ~k. ^~` = $`
202
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
11
_ _. H>H $ OQ '' ! h= Z~` i^_ = . [iy#

O@H ` _ ` x# H= } "_ H~@<#. (## Hq ~K.)
J~îH~> =~^ << x# q < # Jx i~K_ =. (143)
JC_ ^=_ ''=! <# hH =H ^qxK#. h` `H
~+} [i#. D qÔ Q hH =` =#o ^#` xK#.
H#H <# k~K^x Hi~z <H H$À_=L~_ Jx L^
t~K_. (144)
P Ò ` "= rq` = O~QH ~|~k~z# `=, u
q+ xH ~|~k~z# =O^ O H ` (Ou) H O =H
k~K=. P ~Ô ~ "= W L^t ~K=:
''D `H
# ^$_~ Q @Hx L~_e. W~^x q+ # (=O
H~_) H=su J#i~K=x h *u[# P^t~K. gH~<
<# gH ^+[ # Q$ (J=)# K#. Z~> hu, x=~
H~_ Ô} ^Q K=} J QO` < ==
K_H ~_ "i ^$+x =i"#. WH "O U == K< (`x)
q~KO. "i H^@H <O~ =z< "O ^x J=~a~KO.
11. TH J~^x q" H O_# ^=_ =#=_ KOKH=`
K_@~ J~> "H~ ~^_" . Hx =O}#~Ò~ O~ =`" 'qH D
"H~ k ~ k. JH_ ^= Ô #Q~ = =`~k. Wk WH~ ^ ~H^.
J~^=< = =H (J ) ^=_ K_ Qi#C_, h= ## K_=
J<_ ^=_. O `~ ~> = |e+" # F^ PHO~ `~ ^=x J` ~ #~_
"=_# F z# HO}
xH `$> @~ J#C_ D |# =#=_ ^=
Ô # xH `@HQ_? Z~`=`~ `@H_x = =H $ H#
~ @# OA= K~k.
Q = n`
H_ JO# _ ''` K x=O~ ` J==# Jx H
#H, =##H `~ J~^_x Ja=i~K|_# ^=_ K_Qi` ''#`=~ H
^+ = <<= KH (11:8)- (D h =~= <`=` h= < q O=#
Q~K*= J<_ NH$+_ . (w`=HO~ ^~- l.758)
J` ` H ^ < K ~`$ _ Q i# O}H =#` x `$ iK~^H
''k=~^^q` KH Q O (11:8)- (H=# hH k=^$+x k~K
K<#. ^xK DO ~|~^" # < Q==# E_=) J#k Q = n`.
k= YOP< =OK@ ''Z=i K Px J~^H*= P# =`~
J~î K# J~^HQ_ (6:103) Jx +~ Q K|`~k. H#H ~ K~
U rq H_ $+H O # K_^ . ~Q =#`= # ^= =H
H H_ ~
K~ ^=x Ô #~ a~K^ . (WÒ q=OH 53:13 H ^ zH K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
203
=H=O~ Hx =`~ ^x" O Q` ` O. nxHO}~ "O = He

xOHi~z ">x xOH~ K~_O. =He, OH LxHx uO
i~z#i HO h =O= . "iH "i HO e |> `y# tH qk~K
|_`~k. (145-147)
= "o# Ò ` J`x *u[ `= ^QO # PO }
` XH
P=^_ qQ O ` O K H<O. J~^#~z ^_ JO~> ^ x
=~ _k. Hx Jk `=` =>_^ x , Uq+ ~# `=H î K^x
iH è^? (`.) J< O ^x ^=~Q KHx l~K
O= ÔO
. (148)
QO.12 "O
"O `= P`=~K# "H~ =^Q< `= x[~Q î`=x
`H<O. JC_ "O ''= = ==e HxHi~z Hq OKH `
"= O <#= Ò Jx eHO. (149)
J@#~_ = qKO~, PQ ~ HQe# "^H` `# *u
[ ^Q~H uiQK_. =zOQ< ''<# "o# `~"` gO K
ÔOxH _O . g "[ H~ ZÔK J~` FH H_ gH
H~^? Jx qOKH__. (P H~) J`# (Ò`) Ou
H# qiO_ Ô _ ` ("~_H) > Q_.
~< J<_: ''<è H=O_! gO ## |#_Q q~z
<<O <HO. W~H` ## K~"~. J~K` (##O~ KH.)
` O
## K #K J=H~ He~KH . D ÔO
` ##
HeH. D =@ qx = (H~K~ "`| __ .) '' ! ##, <
Ô _ Hq ~K. ==e^s h HO} ~ K>=. h= J~îH~>
Q HO } =_= Jx ^ x "_ H<_. (150,151)
(^=_ qK_:) ''P=^_# ^= ~Q K H#~ `= =
PQ xH ` H~_ Q~=`~. "O ~ K rq`~ J==#~, Ju+
Ò. J `H
#H _iH "= W~> tH qkO. ^
O K# O `~` `~ K~k `x q, J_ h =
("ie@) Q H= je, JO ^ =_ (J=`_). (152-153)
12. UH Ox i q~ x [, =Y~Q |^ O^H Jf~k
H
, JÔ} q+ # u rq ^ == ^= `x K_>xH uO .
Ò ` J ^ x =ê n< ^= ~Q lO . W [ (^) H_
WH_ P=^_ qQ ~ ^_ JO ~> |~ qx ^x ^= ~Q H=_xH ^
=O. P qQ ~ U^ FOH~ Q Qe Ô_~ = ^_ JO~> |~ qx~z
L~_=Kx p# +HO_ WHO Ja_O .
204
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
z=iH = H~ Ki~k. JC_`# (Ou) H# Zu K` H

fH<_. > `= =H
_ i H~ =O^ O #~, HO}~
L<x |_ L~k. (154)
"= xO
~z# =xH O=_xH J`# `# *u [ _
=~kx Z#H<_. ("~ ÒH~_ ^Q~ KO<~. Hx ^=xH
Jq^

=_~`) ix f="# H~~ Hk~k. JC_ =
W i~K_:
g! h= `KHx=~> ##, gix ZC_ K~"_q. Hx(WC_)
=H~Ô |k # K# DxH ==~^s K~`? Wk h=
># sH. nxÔ h= `z# q^~ Q H~îx î ` = =iH~îH
<O| k k=. (^!) h" = OHH _q. ==e Hq ~K, HxHi~K.
h" J~îH~> Q H= jeq. ( !) =H WH~#, O
H~#
" O@. "= h " =i=. (WH h" =H kH).
^xH (q = W) J<_: ''tH q+ ~ <# `KH# ix
tH #. Hx < HO}~ =` $+x P=i~zL~k. JQ Ô
=<, < H
q~z (^ PiH H#) [H` qk <O" O iH
=`" <# " O_#. (155-156)
^=~Ô_, xOHO_# D (==^) =H# J#i~K
"iH (<_ " O|_~k). W`x =# "i ^QO# Ò`, Wh
H$ u =O = JC_C _ W~> JÔ} q+ ~q ~K_~
q+" g ^ . 1974 <# J#~` O~ l #H~_ L#C_ F qz` ~
@# [iy~k. F |QO ^
~_Q OA `# W~> ~ L~z# H~K~
U =~` Kkq, ~} Q" ~^PKO~ H ^x '`^=`H
<" ^ ~ >_ . `^=` POy~K~^Hx H~Kx X~>Q =ê J~Ô
|>Hz HO<O. H> Ò ` "o K iH F J^`~ Hx~z~k.
~ qq "i F <=~H ` H= ~k. ^x =^ `x F #H `~
H_ @Hz~k. W~H=~k, [#~ J^^ == (HO=`) J#Hx Q~ Q~
Q =z H#H =i~KH=_~ O~a~KO.
x*xH J~^ ="g ^ . ~ g^ "# < x K^ #
K H~` <, Qe Ô_~ = JOK ~ ^HO~ H La~k. D JOK ~ ^
HO~ =^# u*HO~ H|_# F `> HO =H Hz x|_~k.
W~> ~ @#e Z#< O#=K. P=^_ qQ ~ ^_JO H_
W~> ` H=K. XH" P qQ ~ x[~Q P=^_Q =i< ^xH ^= `x
Pk~K =# J=O~ ^. qQx P=^_Q =OQ H H_ $+HO^.
$+[# =ê $+HO# POk~K_" `~, O# Ô~, =H=O~.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
205
13
Q~^ H_ L~k. J`# =~z# K =x ([#) P^t_ .

("ix) K_ #~_ "i_. "i H~ i^ ==e Ô=`~
K_ . J^ == e x+k_ . "ig^ _# (P~H
)Ox `y_ .
"O zHH# (ÔKO) |~^< #~_ "iH q=H He _ . H#H Z=O
J`_ q~z =i~z J`x` Hi, J`x J=ì~z# (YOP<)
*ux J#iO "O OH r =. "i< q[~ =i~ k. (157)
==^ ()! KC : [O! ''<# gJ~î H~ =z# ^= =H# .
=H =*ku K xq~K|_# ~^ O_. P# `
=O^=_ _ . P< r=#O}H =HOH _. H#H J~> ^=_,
P# ~# xOHO =H# q~K~_. ^=_, P# P[e #=
`# D =H# J#i~K~_. JC_ gO <OQ ==Ò. (158)
= *u `xH J#Q}~Q ([H) =O~ K , ` ~
kkH< <~, xO
K =O~ H_ XH@~k. "= P *ux
< ~_ H@~Q ql ~z ` =OQ O~k~K=. =#
J`x *u [ hO Hx J_y`, "= XH K@|~_ `# Ku HO`
H@=x J`_ P^t~K=. (J_ = `# Ku HO` K@|~_
H@Q<) P K@|~_ #~_ XHiQ <~_ T@ aH.
u=O~ `# `Qh>
x Qi~z~k.
"= "i (Z~_#~_ H_H=_xH) " K He~KO. iH
(PO~Q) =#, #14 J=ì~* ~. ''"= gH k~z# D
i^ Ô u#~_ (Jx K~). J` P `~` O K# xOH~
=H~> #+~ Hey~K^ . "O `=H`= #+ O K
H<O. (159-160)
"q K=: ''P @}
xH "o x=~K~_. JH_ a~K ">
gH+" # q u#~_. J` H= aH HO`, ~Q_ ` @}
^ #
Ô~ Q~_ t~Ke. JC_ "= g O@# Hq=. ^KO
13. HH, xHH QO# <> a H_ ==^ =H (~)
Qi~z# =# L<. a H` x|~^# x # O
1:19-21, 14:1517, 14:25-30, 15:26-27, 16:7-15 H
K_~_. D
==^ (~ )
''PÔ}
HO J< O~k. q=OH YOP< 61:6 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
~^=` Q~^ H_ ==^ () =# L#@ i^H K|`<O.
L^: `Q WqH aH + < , Ô ^-2 K iOz# ''<# POk~K W~ H ~
K^= ~_. =Y uH _ O[H <_ J_ O QO nx `q~
Oz~KQ, M` OK
u =f K~ÔQO ^x `Q J#=k~KO.
14. q=OH 2:57 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
206
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
~#H =i~` Q~ J#Q O. Hx P ÔO

"= P^t~z#
q+ x =i"O. JC_ "= "i q^KO H tHQ PH~ #~_
"i P^ `z _" O. (161,162)
H "ix =^fO# =# @}
~ Qi~z J_Q. P @}
[
xO x=x L~~_O. xO~ O* K =^
Li`~ "i =~^H =~ _q. xO~ ` =O k< Jq H
=KqH=.15 "i Ô # |@| K _xH "q "iH sH
>=. (163)
"i H~Ô (`~^ KO~ K#"ix q=i) ''^=_
J~`"
~k~K## H f=~Q tH~ K## "iH gO J#=O~ Q Z~^H
`^ KO? Jx J_QO. ^xH O ''g = xk =
=x~H HO} `==`~^# L^ ~`, "O# Jq^
`H Ô~Q
L~>O# P` "q K|`<= Jx =^#qKO. (164)
J` "O `=H k~z# q+h =OzO. JC_
"= K_ # xi~ _ix OH~ z, Jq^
`H _# ÔOe
@Hx f=~Q tH~K~.16 J< "O =i~` |i`y~z K=^#
# =m KQO. JC_ "= ix hK=~# H`Q
=i~_x ~ K~. (165-166)
''<# W ~ùix f= `#H QiK [# i
k#~ =OH `# ~ K~K K# Jx h = H>

~ K_.
h = (ÔOe ) tH~ K_~ U=`~ P~ K _. JQ P#
[# e@ Q H= je, Jq` ^ ^ _ H_. (167)
"= ix J<H *`Q pe ~K~ KKÔQ K~.
"i H~Ô [# ~> =iH~Ô "O O<O. "O =~z "
uiQO" #x "= "ix =~z u Ô, û Ô H_ sHH
QiK=. OÒ Qu~z# Ò` J~`H~ > kQ*i# Ò "iH
ux^ ~ =~K. gO ^= Q~^xH "O H_ `K" # ~zH
[< "~>_O .
"O (K_x K#C_) '"= Hq~K|_`=x Pt<~
J~>O. J~^=_< ` ~, <" =>_x
15. q=OH 2:65 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
16. q=OH 8:25 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
207
^= Q~^~ Qi~z "i K` =}~ K~K_~ [OQ

^ ? "O Q~^~ x
q+ KkqL<O. (J< HO K ^=_ `=# Hq _x
= _ `<O. Hx) ^=xH
_ ` ÔH Ô~Q =H<
iH O
H (O) ^=~ a ~ k. P=`~ gO Q ~KO ? ^= Q~^x
> #=A (==) ~K uH ux "= Z#>H =$^
K =. (168-170)
"= H~_ He~z i Q_QQ Zu># ~@# iH
QO~ ^, JC_ "O H~_ `= =z _ `~^" #x
_ QO.
J~> u ''"= k~z# Q~^x ^$_~Q @H~_. J~^
"|_# q+ *H ~ @H~_, gO ÔH Ô~Q L~_
QO Jx K=. (171)
h = P^~ ~ù g #~_ i qÒe f =}~
K~z# ~Ô ~ . JC_ "= iH i< H Q _` '<# g
=x H<Jx J_Q=. ^xH O ''gO = =. J~^H ""
H ~ J<O.17
17. H KOKOH $+HO, ^=_ XH_<_x, P< J~î =,
+H _x u =#=x J~Ò` k ~ k. D =# J`x P~Ò ~ [~Q<
#Hx L~k. ^xHO}~ =#=_ $+~ K =~< ^=_
~ =OH
@ =#=~î P`# =" O z
, D q+ ~ Qi~z iK` =}~
K~K_" . H#H U =#=_ H_ `#H UH ^ O^# # Qi~z è^x `#
`` =``
=`KO, `# K@ L~_# i` , iO =~ = `#
^=x UH`x Qi~KH #x, J~^= `# =O + ` H `# ^ _ H#x,
^= <#~ K _ . UH^ O^< =~ u =#=x J~`K`# xH =
L~k. Ô# ~, J|^~ , =aKO~, HO# =# =#=x <[ ~ Z "O Qx
L~^, |^ O^# H_ HO=# =# J`x <[ ~ L~k. [` L a<
H (Ol) ^= =H (~ ) Ô `H# XH q+ x D q^~ Q O<O:
''^=_ J~^s =" O z
XHH q^<xH H XHH QxH K~k#
ix "O O =OQ K, iH OO, =>_ H k~K_. `~ "` iK`
=}~ K~K_. ix H Q K '<# g =# H<? J#_Q_. ^xH
=#= 'gO ` H~_ = " J<O. JC_ ^=_ W J<_:
''nxH <# =H#, g `~_ (P^~)x H Q K < #. O

k<# =H ~Qu è^x K _xH gH PO~ H ~_ L~_~^H (gK` <h
=}~ K< #). Q QO~ KH~_. <# ` =O PO^ _ _ <# `
=O =, +H_ _ H#H gO Z> iu# Z=ih <H >He~K
H_^ . gO < =~^ K# D =}x gH *H ~ K _xH <# g ^QO H
=H
# ~ L~>#. <# g H~ k=Q~^# H_ J=ì~* #.
208
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"q K _xH HO}~, O

k<# gO ''=H q+ ~
è^x K =K. ^ ''|^ O^# =H O~ = ``=``

O~a~ KO. "= P Ò ` i ~ù #~_ >=. J~@C_
Ô# K# D `CH ==e @H~>O? Jx K=K. "O
<O~ " =OÒ# L^~` "q = H q_=Oz
``<=. (172-174)
=H! H D =x+ Q^ H_ "iH qx~K: "=`xH = H
*#~ k~K=. Hx J`# ">x PKi~KH ~_ i_. +`<

J`x "~@__ . D q^~ Q J`# z=iH î` #"i H_.
"= `KH~> J`xH P H
Ô L#ux k~z L~_O~.
Hx J`# ~ K"~ " H "y =<~K
H x _.
HH# H>< H@H < Jk `# <H# Kz> L~K`~k. W
Ò~k P =x+ iu. = H uOi~K"iH H_ D
^$~`" =i ~ k. hg Q^ "iH qx L~_, (` ~ Qi~z) P
zO" . (175-176)
= H uOi~z P`q<xH _#i ^$~`~ K
"#k. ^=_ Z=iH ^k k_ "O <O~ J=~aO.
^=x =O Ô H`xH <KHxO O~Q #+ Ò. (177-178)
"= J<H=~k =#=#, l## #OH~ H" >~K=.
iH $^<Qx, >` JO~ KHO iH H<Qx,
">` K_O "iH K=<Qx, ">` q#O. "O =~>O.
"O J~`H~> H_ kQ*iO.18 "O iQ U=O@H
#O. (179)
=#=~` D=@ qx "q~^H H ~. gO = =. gO = PO^
^= ~. gO ` =H =O =Qx, PO^ ^= ~Qx Z=O O Jx J<O
18. $^ =~_ Pz~KxO, H ~_ K_xO, K=~_ q#xO
Z=O L~_O . Hx YOP< W PO ~ ^~> ^xHO}~, O O
H q+ ~
=`" W =iO . q== "#H L# $+H O x Qi~z ~`~Q
Pz~KO . $+ ==
P# UH`x, B#`x K@`# J~MH xÔ <
# Q=x~KO . ^= ~, O
H~ Qi~z# ` H gi K=HH =.
D "Y i HO}~Q< O =#= #~z kQ*i =H< xH$+

Ox YOP< J~>~k. W~>iH ~ K" O ~. ZQ< g# x ~zH
M AOH#^ gi ^ ~. =~z K_ `, Ô Ô ` xq`~ ^ . gi
^$+
^Q, "~, Jqhu, J<~, Jh Ô =`" . h\|_Q
~> WHrq`~
H~ ` O
Hrq`x qi~K_~ H~> q~z# P`=~K# =O^< L~^?
Y~P< "=$Ò
(7. P~)
209
^=_ =~zOH JO_. Px =~z O` < "_ H~_. ^=xH

O uk~K_~ `C_ "Yi J=~aOK"ix =ê@~_. "O
K # ^xH O =#~ J#q ~z fOÒ. "= $+~ z#"i XH=O~
(ZC _ [H) ` ~ " H î K`~k `xH J#Q}~Q<
xO
K ~ k. = H
uO i~z#"ix "= O Q ~Kx
su H=~Q `< xH KO `=. <# ix KK _#@ =k < #.
(<# `KH~> =`~) < <QxH uOQ L~_^ . (180-183)
"~C_< (~` =#`) Pz~KO? "i KO xH Z~>
z @^. J`# (OH~ ZÔ ^+i}=# Qi~z)
Z~> JO=iH H ~_ Ki# ^= ~Ô _. (184)
"O =H == Qi~z ZC_ z~K^? ^=_
$+~ z# U== x H_ H Òz
K_^ ?"O `= rq`==k =y
=~ P#"~ ^" #x H_ Pz~KO? (Wx xÔ < "i =~^
Hz< `x #=H`) WH U q+ x "O #=Ò? (^=_ î
`~K^KH# =HH Z=O î KO. J~>ix ^=_ i
uOO~, àO`<< _ H@H =ê__ . (185,186)
"O x#
~ ZC_ ~q ~ ^x J_Q`<O. "iH KC :
''^x ~Qu < =H =`" `. ^x ^x xs` =xH P<
|O` ~ K_ . Jk =` =H (Q~_# JÔQ >)
~HO
k#~. Jk g O`Q qOKH_ `~k. ^x Qi~z hH^ è
*|_#@ "O x# Qz Qz J_Q`<O. ''^x Qi~z ^=xH
=`" `. D = ~ K=~kH è^ Jx KC iH. (187)
==^ ()! iH +~ Q KC : ''<# ~Q <H~ Z~>
~Qx, #+~Qx Hey~KH< H ^ <. U^< [OQ~> ^=_
è< [OQ`~k. <H Q#Q Jf~k H L~> <H He#
*<# =HOH<_ <H Z#_ Z~> #+~ >^ . <#
(OH ^+i} =# Qi~z [#) Ki, < ^##
q~KiH (O) O J~^* "_ =`" . (188)
^=_ q=e UHH P` #~_ $+~ K_. J^ rq #~_ ^x [`#
H_ $+~K_, ^x ^QO Y~ ~^_xH. O+_ x H"
H#C_ P" XH èH> O~ î ~ k. ^x fHx uOQ`~^.
Jk (H~` HxH) =i~` O~Q Ò# Ò` "O
''(^!) h= Q#H =H =~z _ J#Q "= h@ H$À

L~>= Jx `= =# ^=_ "_ H~>O. (189)
210
(7. P~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
J` ^=_ Z~> ~x KH > _ k~KQ< O

(^=_ =Oz19) P# J#Q ~z# D Q~ WÒ e P#H
>He O . "i |^ O^< K+
H ^=_ Z~` Jf`_, L#`_.
Z~` =_ gO, Z~> == x H_ $l~Kx >x ^=xH >
He< O! Jq ~Q $l~K|_. J~`H^, Jq "iH Uq^" #
~ K=. Jq `=H`" ~ KH=. gO >x
<O~ "# e Jq g H ~k~K=. gO Jizw><
H =#~QL<O, Jq g =@ qO PH~K= . (190-193)
gO x[^=_ =ê Z=ix i<O Jq g~> ^. g
#qH x["` ">x "O@H~_, Jq g"O PH " K^~.
#_=_xH >H" < ( [^" # ) H< ? @H=_xH U"< K`
<? x K_>xH"< H<? q#_xH"< K=<?
"iHKC: ''gO He~KH# Q=~^s KHx <H
=uOH~ Q U^< <Q~ #^KH~> #~_. <H Z~> J=H~
W=#=O~ ^ . ^=_ <H ~ K"_. P< DQ~^~ J=ì~
*# "_. [# H a+ H_ P<. nxH a#~Q gO ^=_
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(^) u P# =O^ "Hi` LO\~. (205-206)

20. Wg L^=Ok ZC _ q$^ xQ, H= jeQ, x+H uQ,
#jeQ, =$^+Q L~_e. D q+ < ^= =H (~ ) W q=i~KO:
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fHx =H #=A W= YOP< aQO Q << , "eQ<< i # C_
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HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~
1
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gO x["# q` (Jx>H< =~^) ^=xH _ g OO
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q H Wk #K^. =~ +~Q L< "O q+~ h`
^#H kQO. Q `"^ =$`=Y~H ~|_`#@ P~^#
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K_. P ~Ô ~ QOH `K H~_. JC_ gO (P^ x) |#
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g~ g =x "_HO@#> ~Ô~- ^xH =^#~Q
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214
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J`~` H= ~`_, = q"H= ~`_. (9-10)
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h = `# ^`H ` H K# Wz#> ~Ô ~ - JC_
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O ~ Q L~K~_. <# H_ J@ Jq Q~_ ^ O > ~ >#.
H#H gO "i "_, H "@ " L~_~_ Jx J<_. (12)
HO}~, "O ^=x, P# =H uOQ|_O. ^=x, P#
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(WH~) tH. WH nx KqK_~_. `x uO i~K"iH (O
H~)
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qO! gO Ô ~ Q~ Jqe ZÔ~@#C_ iH
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x~ #OH==`~k. Jk K K_x~. J` ^`~`~QQx,
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" xH "ix =k~z~k gO H^ ^=_ "ix =k~K_. JQ
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=~z sH #~_ q[=~`~Q Q>H ~K_xH ^=_ Dq^~ Q K_.
x~^ ~Q ^=_ =~ q~@<_, O ~ Ziy#_. (17)
Wk ^=_ g@ ==i~z# fO. WH Jq@- ^=_ i
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q H~ L<_. (18-19)
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gO H_H~_.5 ^=_ Ju Hi# ~Q tH~ K_x `H~_. (24-25)
gO K J~Y L#> iux Fi Q~KH~_.
JC_ gO ^~ K |#Q L~_O. [ q=e iQ
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P# W^~` K_. (26)
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Jj~, Jqhu "^# K_ |e#C_ ~ a+ >x Ô~ K
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K H~_ Ô# ` H" L~>, =H L^=O~ ^ Q xH Ô#
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6. q=OH 64:14,15 H
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216
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H ^| +O} K Jx OHO H Q Pz <Q #QO.
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#`~_ _. ^=_ J~îH~> Q <Q~ < _. (30)
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JnQH H~Ô [ `= @ `~ K~k ^=_ H= } "_
H~@<O. J~>"ix tH~ K_~ ^=x Ja=`~ H^. (32-33)
J` (WC_ iu =i~k). O uxH <=`" #
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WC_ Z~^H tH~ KH _^ ? uxH <=`" # Ô HO

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D " _~, K @ H@_~ q# O K O# =O=~k?
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~Q (=) tH7 KqK_~_. (34-35)
`x xOHi~z#O ^==O~ #~_ ([#) xOk~K HO
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J` z=iH D(zH) HOH "i `xH HO}==`.
P `~"` O (=H) ~yÒ. P D uOO #OH~ "
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K < _. W~>~ #+ O. (36-37)
==^ (~ )! ` uOOH W K: ''W>H< gO
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(8. J< )
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qO! JOKH~ iQ = O` ^=Ô~ <H<
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~OHH_ ^=_#x `H~_. P# J~îH~> =~z ~OHH_,
H_. (39-40)
gH a~z# =O` J^=~` ^=xH, P# =HH,
|~^ =H, J<^ H, xO^H, @OH K~k#^x `
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JkHO~Q =O_ . (41)
H XH" # gO, O~_" # O, g "#H" (fO" ^ #~)
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KO [iy=~>, gO xs` xH KOH=_~ `H~_ `Ò~
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a~KH~ _. "O ([#) ^= =O~ #~_ xOk ~ >O. "i HOH
# ^=_ F H~@ Q=x< L<_. (47)
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k~KO . <# gH `_<# J<_. J` O~_=O ZÔ^ OQ
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^ ^z J`_ =ê_Ò? Z#>H =ê@O .
''z=iH i Z=iH< K= =_#C_ J`# (`~ `) ' ! <#
=ê=z# ~ K~H ## =Oi ~~K. <xC_ (< =O# =OHx)
Ò K# J~>_. J Z#>H [OQ^ . J`# xH=e# =@ =Ô
`<_. (Kx#) O~î "#H WC_H J_` O (|OM ) UO_~k. #O`#
k#~ =OH O P u < L~>O. (YOP<- 23:99,100)
|OM (`H) rq`~ HO =x+H =^ L~_#=O~ ^ . Uq^~ Q Y##~
K< J`# K H# HO # |> |OM rq`~ J#q ~Ke L~@~k.
''(` uOO) ^= ^`H @|_#C_ O "~@< (`= uOO~,
àO`< =ê) iQ ~y` '"= U ~ ZOQ~ J~>O. ^xH ^=
^` 'Z~^H ZOQO , g K+
h ^=xH `. giC_ #OH~ H _~ _.
JH_ giH `~Q L~_= L~k Jx =^#qO . (16:28,29)
''^= cuO q``# ^= ^` n#~ K H~@ 'gH ~u H
QH! gO K H# (`) HO H u
~Q O~ t ~K~_ J~>O. (16:32)
^=_ q~z P# P[e iQ >~Kx =~ `~ `H (|OM )
tH J#q~KH `^. ==H (~) =n<# ÔW~Q H>~z
=~ ~` =n<H =x P^t~KO. Hx =H H~Ô =O H=~
SH H+ #H
_, ` uOO =^ r=#~ Q_ `
~<
L~_O. J~> ix q YOP< W O#k:
''^= ^` `=H`= J<~ K H#i }f, giC_ U

L<Ox tO . ^xH O '"= ^~ K |#Q, _` Q L~_
"~ J#~>O. JC_ ^= ^` '^=x q q~Q ^, gO# K@ #~z
=OK>H ==_xH? JO\O. J~> iH #OH" `y#tH. (4:97)
==H (~ ) `H~ ~q ~K i}=# Qi~z W J<O:
gO =^ sH~ K|_Ò. qx =k L~z#C_ J`x HO
(uH O~ =z) J`x K@ KO `. sH (#OH) ^` Z@#~_ O=_xH
u~z? Jx J_Q`_. ^xH q 'Z=i Qi~z? Jx J_Q`_.
'==^ (~ )x Qi~z J#~>_ ^= ^`. JC_ q 'P# x~^ ~Q
^=x =Hx <# Hq<# J~>_. 'J` P# ^=x =Hx hH
`? Jx ^= ^` =m t_ . ^xH q 'P# ^= =Hx <# H
q< # J#~>_. JC_`x H O O qx~K_~ [OQ`~k.
220
(8. J< )
Y~P< "=$Ò
Wk gO K*` Hx `KH#^x O=#". J~`Qx ^=_ `#

^H Z~> J<~ K_ H^ J~>O. (49-51)
O hH, iH O~ Qu~z# (^~~ ) [ ZO\ Qu
>~ ^ (D<_) giH J^ Qu _ ~ k. O ^=x H
, (==)
uO i~KO. ^=_ ix i e `~Q tH~ K_. ^=_ J`~`
H=~`_, Hi#~Q tH~K_.
U *u J< ~Q `# PKO}
fO =OH#~` =OH ^=_
P *uH k~z# =Qx Z#>H =i "_. Wk ^=x
~^~. ^=_ =~ q<_, O ~ Ziy#_. (52-53)
O hH, "iH O~ Qu~z#iH UQu >~ ^ Jk D ~^
~ HO" >~k. "O `= = H xOHi~KO. JC_
"= i H O =#~Q "ix `^=>~ K=. O h#
"= (#_ =^~) =~z"=. "OO` O= ÔO
. (54)
^=x ^$+ `x xOHi~z WH ^x (Z#\H) Hi~Kx
Jq =` $+
J`~` hK. "i (=Y~Q) h` ()
X~^~ K Hx, ^= cu H
< H ~_ ^x =>=>H L~ ~K
O<O. O Q#H ^~ g Z^>H =, i J_Q*_ #_K
WÒ "ix K c`= i "ix Hi# ~Q tH~ K~_.
W () X~^~ JuHq~Ki O =#~ K< "iH H#qC
HQ`~k. (55-57)
U *u (H Ô) J< gO KH# X~^~ ZC_~<
L~ ~ ^x gO
_` P X~^x ^x =~^ qi_
~_.
#=H^~ K# ix ^=_ Z#>H q~K_ . ` uOO (U^
K=Ò~ K) `= ` ~KH<=x q~KO^. O = @ #~_
Z#>H ` ~KHO . (58,59)
Hx ` uOix =k L~z#C_ J`_ sH^ ` #~_ H_ U
` O J`x^QO L~_^ . ^= ^` J_y# H J`# O# =^< W=_ .
JC_ ` JyH}~ L~_ XH K` ^~ ` H= , J`_ HO_` H@_~
O~a ~ k. J`# Z~` Jiz w>< ^x Z~> =~ L~_^ . (J^)
Wk LÔ}H O#|_# tH =`" . W^HH~_ W~H J<H OH tH

=k Ô# J#q O . O
H }~x Dè =lb tH #~_ ` ~K
H#_ x*xH H$Ò_ . ^xH~ < K He# K@ WH" . (n~`
@ 7:40, 40:45-46 H
, > ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
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(8. J< )
221
gO ` uOO` O_~^H H>" (^~ Q L~z)# QO`

g~#~` ZH= (xH, P^) Hx =HOHx O#^~Q
L~_~_. Pq^~ Q gO gH, ^=xH L=_ `=~#i Q~_
Q| >~K~_. JQ gH èx WÒ $^ H_
``~ $+~ K~_. "i ~Qu gH èH< ^=xH `.

(Q~O KHO_,) gO ^= =O~ (^~ O< H$+ HO) YO># ^xH
i u
~ (~
HO) gH ` H~_ a ~ k. gH U q^= ~#
J<~ [OQ^ . (60)
=H! `= ~k " "y` gO H_ J~^H ^ _ ~ _. ^=x
g^ O~ "~_. P< Jx q+ q<_, O~ Ziy#_.
XH" O ^|k` X~^~ L~ , gH ^=_ K. P< `#
HO Ô, q Ô x# =i~K_. (61-62)
=Y~Q P# q $^ # O O~ He hH H~_~`
Ô xK_. h= ~ K~x ~^ "`~ YO>< "i $^ #
H= . "i $^ # He_ ^=_ =`" . x~^ ~Q P#
JO H~#_, J`~` q"H=~`_. =H! x#, h J#KO#
qe P^H=_xH P XH ^=_ K. (63-64)
=H! qe ^xH O~ K. g WO"= ~k O ~ Q x|_
"O~> "O O~_~^ =~kx [~KQ
O. J~> ^ =~^=~k
L~> "O "=~k ùOOe [~KQO. nxHO}~ `
uOOH J=Q< H HO=_@". (65)
` ~ ^=_ gOx èHQ K_. g W~H |#` L~^x
P#H `. H#H g O ~ Q x|_"O =~^=~k L~> O
O~_=~^ =~kx, "=~k L~> O~_" =~kx ^ [` [~K
QQÒ. J` (^~OQO) O~Q x|_ Ô~Q O_"iH
^=_ `_Q L~>_. (66)
^~ `=e iQ J}z" #~` =OH Mn # `# Jn#~
L~KH=_~ U ^==HH a~K^. gO ~zH [<
Pt< O. Hx ^=x ^$+
O
H [< Z~` q"# q. P#
JO H ~ #_, J`~` q"H= ~`_.
^=_ (g J^$+~ ) =~^ O L~_H `, gO (Mn q_^
H~) fH#^xH (J~> #+iOxH) P# q=e Hi#~Q
tH~K_. O, gO ~k# ^<x (x~HK~Q) J#q~K~_. Jk
222
(8. J< )
Y~P< "=$Ò
Ô =`=~#k, i^= ~#k. ^=xH

_ ` L~_~_. ^=_
Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (67-69)
=H! h Jn#~ L# Mn H W KC : ''g $^ =~z
J<k L~^x è ^=_ gH g #~_ fH|_# ^xH~> Z< O@
(JkH~Q) k_. Q g Hq_. ^=_ Hq~K_,
HO }~K_. XH" "O hH #=H^~ `@ E~ >, Wk=OH
H_ "O ^=x @ #=H^~` ==i~KO. H#H< ^=_ tHQ
ix h Jn#~H |~n =K K_. ^=_ O ~ Ziy#_, Z~`
q"H= ~`_. (70,71)
`x Hi~z (` OH~) = =_~` @ ^= =O~ ^#
}_ (^+ H
`) O_O = =z#iH P qz P^#
O XHiHHO `, a+.
WH `x q~z# `~"` =x"O (W~ x"#
=n<H) = O#~`=OH "i` gH Z~> ~|~^~ ^.
J` îH ==O ~ Hi` gO "iH ` O_ ~
K e. Hx g` X~^~ Hki# *uH =uOH~ Q =`~ H^.11 gO
K # ^~` ^=_ Q=x< L<_. (72)
` uOO XHiHHO =i~KHx Hi~KH~@<O. gO
(q L~_ H_) J O O~ Hi~KHH` H~ JOKH~
UO_ ^ JH
~ KOQ `~k. (73)
`x q~z, ^= =O~ W "He =ê O_O, ("iH)
P O Wz HO J~^* # O =`" x["# q.
i O@ =x~K|_`. "iH += ~# Lk a ~ k.
`x P `~ "` q~z, W "He =ê (=n<H) = =z,
g` H (Ô ~# H) O_O H_ g =OxH K~^Ò. J`
^= Q~^~ HO~ OH ~ |~nH =`" XHiHHO ZH= HÔ.
x~^ ~Q ^=_ u q+ h Ziy#_. (74-75)

11. H~Ô =~ =H` @ ÔW~ (=n<)H = H~_ =H
, ^x K@H ~`< L~_O. J~>i` ~|~^ @HH_
^x, XH" i Ô# ~ [iy` `>=~ Ô Q ix P^Hx P[~k.
J` P ~` =" Ò ` U^< X~^~ K Hx L~>, P X~^xH
=uOH~ Q ==i JH_ _` =~ H ~ K H_^ .
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: =n<
(9. `)
9. `~ (`)
223
H: 129
D J^x ''` (`~ ) J~>O. D J^~ O~~

'aOxO~ (HO}=_, H$QO_# ^=x O`) J<
^ =. ^= =H (~ ) nx O~~ D ^# O#H~_ =ê
>O. W~^ =_ ~Q L<. Wk rH~ 9 =_
QQ J=ì~z~k. "^> ~Q~x 1 #~z 37 =OHQ H
.. 9 J=ì~K. g>x [` J||HO (Ol) * H~ =H "o
JH_ |^ O^H H qx~KO. O~_= ~ Q~x 38 #~z 72 =OH
Q H .. 9< `|H ^~_`H < K#C_ J=`
i~K. =_= ~Q~x 73 #~z z=i =OHQ H `|H
#~z uiQz#C_ J=ì~K.
=~H =H |Ô^HH =^ (â) ~uX~^~
[iy# Ò` W~ Ju"Q~Q qi~Ky~k. ^~` =H YO+
~u â X~^~ JuHq~KO. =H YO+
q`H"# |#|HO `Q YO+ HO~` =~ q`H"#
Y*J `Q ^_K ix TKH` H~k. ^~` ^==H () .. 8
=H ^_K YO+ K~ J}z"O. P `~"` =` JO
`Q UH= ^==H (~) xO# =[ ~O}^=x
`^=>~ K_xH z=iiQ u~z (<< ^~ ) O O[~
KqK. D ~@# Qi~z "^> ~Q~ J=ì~z~k.
=H YO+, WÒ JO`Q _^ fi~^#H~> J@ O=#
q[$~a~KO. "O =n< ^_ K_xH ^ < O~a~K
Ox è ^= =H (~ ) "ix ZÔ=_xH |ÔO. P ~Ô ~
=~# ^xH O~K~^H O~_= ~Q~ J=ì~z~k.
=_= ~Q~ H@q PQ_# Y~_~K_~ [iy~k.
=H, << ^ Ò` =` JOa W~H ZÔ
H~_ ~k. n~` W" `Ô=x Q~z# JO| J<H=~k
W~ Hi~z =~ O. J` POa =O= ~`
JH_H_ W~H qyeL# W~=uOH H O=#` H=H =O
i q[$~a~K.
=Hq[~ `~` ^==H () qq^ OAH W~ " Px
Y ~O. i i^ ^QO O"O[ J#H H = `Q
^QO
H_ XH Y ~O. J` O ^`hux L~~z Y fHo#
uxk=Ox Ô}~Q `=OO. uxk=O~ <H_ H a< L"O
(Ol) =`" ZQ `~KHx=z DOQu ^==H ()H è*O.
224
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^==H (~) =O Y [` i a< L"O (~l) Wz |

O*k<` +s a< J" ^QO H _ ~OKO. J` J`# H_ =H
Oix J<~Q K~_. J~> iu ^==H (~) ..
8 =_" =~k #~` i i^H |ÔO. J@
#~z +s H=~k #~` =K_. "OH " O"O*k<` MO
KH=i `# Ôx <H`~ =O H=~k <xz J`x ~
H~ ~_. J` P #~ =z KOHH =~^ +s #~ =`
=^ =~ <x _Hx O O[~ i~k. D ~@#
Ò` H_ J<H `Q W~ Hi~K.
=O> ~=Ò~ MO KH=i =~ g^ fHO~ fOH=_xH
i i^ ^Z`# <x "i~* ^xH =`
=_. P<_ O", DO< =` ~K~ JQO*Q
L~_q. J~> JQO* XH ^~` _H #_xH ^= =H (~ ) 30 "
#~` |ÔO. Jk W~H ZÔ# J`~` H+iu. #_ Z~_
H~, KbKx =#O. =OH " H@ q OHOH H@`
H |= HO<O. D u =~ O O[~` `_>
xH
|Ô_~ J~> O =$` HO~H "#>#x Jq~`
q~KO. J` =~ #~ `|H ~`xH KOH<@>H, O
# ^~ =#Hx i i^ =ê "#H"o#@ è~k.
^~` =~ H_ KQ Ti Hx "#kiQO.
D q[~ Ò ` W~ =i~` |~ ~AH~k. ^~ #=
#~_ [ `~_`~_Q =n< =z W~ Hi~KQO. W~>
u HQ$x |^ O^H #~_ iQ q=H~ K _~, `H~
<> ÔKO# xOe~K_~, =~# =i~` L`[OK_~, H@
q ÔQ`# Z~_Q@_~ Z~` J=O=. g>x Qi~K
D J^~ ZH=Q O#_~ [iy~k.
{{{{{{{
g~
X_~|_H K H# |^"O^H H ^=x Ò #, P#

= H Ò # X~^~ #~_ (W) q=H H@
# (qx~K): ''giH ^~
<Q < =`" (g W#O~) ~Ki~KQO. QO~KH~_,
gO ^=x @ #~_ U=`~ `~KHO. ùOOe ^=_
`x iQ O=~ _. (1,2)
^=x " #, P#=H " # =* k<# [~îH F |O~Q
H@
#: ''^=_, P#=H (~ ) |^ O^H @ qQu O.
WC_< gO ` _ H= } Hi` gH =~zk. XH" =Y~ uC
H~> QO~ KH~_, gO ^=x @#~_ U=`~ ` ~KHO .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(9. `)
225
=H! ` uOOH J`~` Hi# tH _ `~^x O qx~K!

J` g` X_~|_H K Hx ^x >~K_~ Z~> HO` K H
=_" QH~_, gH =uOH~ Q =O=iH Z~> ~ K x |
^ O^H H D KiH =i~K^ . J~>i @ gO H_ X~^~
Q_= =y =~ x*fQ ==i~K~_. ^=_ (x*f`
=H<) ^= cuO}< q_ . (3-4)
q`= (J~> H@
# O#|_# <Q < Q_ =H~)
=yQ< |^ O^H # (^~ ) ZH_ ZÔ` JH_ =k~K~_.
"ix @H~_. K@=@~_. iH~ J#"# u K> =@"
HO~_. XH" O H= } K Hx #=*, [H` q^ >~K_~
O~a ix =ê@~_. ^=_ QH=je, JO ^=_.
|Ô^H Z=O< (^=} q<~^H) g ^QiH O^KH~>
^= } q<=OH J`xH P ~ W=~_. P Ò ` J`_ J`x ^`
xH OH`~Q KO~_. O (`~ ZOQx) *##. J~^=
gi K = L~@~k. (5-6)
D |^ O^H X_~|_H ^=x ^QO , P#=H ^QO Z x
~k? Hx gO u~ (HQ$~) =^ X~^~ KH#
|^ O^H ~Qu "O . "O g@ =~Q L#~`=OH gO H_
i@ =~Q< L~_~_. ^=_ (W~>)
H
Hi< q_ .
"O ` WÒ |^ O^H ` X~^~ Z ^ ==`~k? gg^
"O KQ L~> g q+~ Z~> |~^`h MÒKO.
X~^x H_ M`~ K O. "O H =~ =@` q=e `$ O K

_xH uO . i $^ =`~ ">x xOHi. "i K
=~k Ô# L<O. (7-8)
"O ^=x H
=xH J=Hx, [# ^= =O~ "
OH~_ xOk K K_ x K < O. "O q q+ ~ Z~>
|~^`xQx, X~^xQx MÒKO. J<~, JuH=}
ZC _ i" #~_ "^=`. W>H< O `~ K~k
#=*, [H` q^ >~K_~ O~a O g îH Ô =Ò.
q H`# JO~ K H~ q+~) =}~ K# Ò`,
`= =} ~ QO z
g Ô ~ ^_K
_xH #H~>, J~>
JÔ ^["H` ^~ K~_. "i =} WH Z~`=`~
#=^y#q H=. "O | (Y_H Ô<) îH =O. (12)
226
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=i gO =} ~ Qi K "i` O_O? O ^= =H# ^~

#~_ ìq "O! J<~, JuH=} H_ O "^@ O~a~KO
H^! J~> "iH gO
_ `<O? gO x["# q` ^=xH
=`"
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~_O_. ^=_ g K` ` "ix tH~ z J==#~, Ju+
_ .
iH =uOH~Q gH ~ K_. J~`H^, q Q~_
=~_`# (fHO) *e K| Oz "i $^ H ~f ~`$

KHO`_. W~H `# `z#iH `~ K~^ ^k H_
k_ . ^=_ O *# ~#_, = q"H= ~`_. (13-15)
Uq>, q=e (sH~ KH ~_) W> =k _~ [OQ`~^x q
<O gO? g (` ~H~) }_ O_ "O=O ^=_, ^= =H# ,
qe ` =~=ih }q`Q KHx "O=O ^=_ W~H
sH~ K< ^ . gO K^~` ^=_ Q=x< L<_. (16)
Jq (`= K+
Ô) ` uOOxH =uOH~ Q `=H `"
H~ WKH<O. "O (Q`~) KH# Òh =O=
. iH #OH~ < `~Q _L
~\~. J~>O ^= Q$H
Ô HO
HO=_~ Z~`=`~ `Q^ . ^=_, O
Hx q~z#O
^=Q$H = K_xH J~=Ò. "O #=* O [H`
Ke O ^=xH ` =O=iH
_O . J~>"O <~O #_Ox
P L~@~k. (17-18)
* uHH h O O K, uxH =K =H ^=_,
OHx q~z ^==O~ }_ O_ =H- goÔ XH>#x
g~ q<O? ^=x ^$+ O =# HO. ^=_
ÔOH Z#>H <O~ K_. (19)
`x q~z ^= =O~ WHe =ê, (` ~ H~) ^# }
_ O_"i =`" ^=x ^$+ q=~#k. J~>i
rq`" OH = =`~k. "i = "iH `# HO}~, # ` Q`
@ ` M` H_# O= < k_x O qx< _.
P O= << O HH~ (Q) L~>O. (<OQ =H) u
~
W=_xH ^=x ^QO JO xH L<. (20-22)
qO! g `~_, Ô qxH |^ JqxH
^#q J~>ix H_ `Q (x`Q) K HH~_.
J~> "ix `Q K H#O ÔO
. (23)
Y~P< "=$Ò
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227
=H! iH KC: ''g `~_, H_H, Ô, O,

|~^ q` QH gO H_@
H # P
, (`x q) =~^y~z
`"#x gO _`# g "O, gH uHO"# g
W~_- W=h gH ^=x H~>, P# =H H~>, P# =O~ [i
O@~ H~> ZH= # =` g q+ ~ ^=x xO
~ =K^H
ZÔK_~_. (J~>) Ô#H ^=_ Z#>H <O=~|# |k
k~K_ . (24)
W~`HO~ ^=_ gH J<H ~Ô ~ K=<_. D
=^ < [iy# << ^~ H_ K_. POA gO g ~M|~
KHx qOgQO. Hx g ~M|~ gH Z~> [#~ K ~H
~k. Z~` q=~# q gH WOH~ ~k. gO "#E
iQO. (25)
JC_ ^=_ `# =HH, qH =<x|O~ k~K_.
=O" gH Hx~Kx (^= ^`) <x H_ k~z ` uOOe
tH~ K_. `x uO i~K"iH `y# J^. D q^~ Q ` uOOe
tH~z# Ò` ^=_ `# `z#iH `~K~^ ^k H_
k~K_. ^=_ Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (26-27)
qO! |^ O^H Jq` Q#H D ~=Ò~ `~`
"ix u~(HQ$~) î^H Ox=H~_.1 XH" (g "O~
=~^y~z) gO qH QO=Òx
_` (J
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^=_ è `# `H J#Q~` q=e ^xHQ K_. ^=_
O *x, = q"H= ~`_. (28)
Q~^[ H_ ^=_, J~u=k<x q~Kxi` ^~
K~_. ^=_, P#=H x+k~z#">x "O x+k`Q iQ
}~K_~ ^ . ` Ô x `= r=# Ô ~Q K H=_~ ^ . H#H O
gH iQ ~y `= KÒ l* (^Ò~)2 Ke~K#~`
=OH i` O_~_. (29)
1. WH_ Jq`~> UH~~^# =uOH" # q~, PKO, #_=_H

HOx JO~ . HQ$~ =` ~ K~< UH ^= O^< H~^~ Q#H WH #~z
J~> J~^q , =_KO WH_ H#Q_xH g^ x ^ [ J~k.
2. l* J~>, Wg O[~x =" Ò `= =`KO >~K
_xH ~^ K`~`H, q^j H
^_ #~z `~ He~K OH}
H
u
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W=~ J| (O ) HO~ =" Ò =` Hey# O+ =`"
228
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^ L*O x ^=x H=O_~>O. JQ H = H_ = x

^=x H=O_~>O. W=h O `= <>Hz#@ H`# xOÔ
=~# =@ =`". Q`~ `x uOi~z#O Z~>
H eHO, gO H_ ix (Q_Q ) J#Hi J~> xOÔ
=~# H H`<O. ^=_ "ix <#~ K, Z "
`<O "O! (30)
"O x[^=_ =ê `= Ô `
, ^ =# ^=Q, =Q
K H<O.3 JQ =O~ H=O_ = x H_. Hx UHH ^=_ `
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,
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xK L^Q l* Ke~ #~_ q#~K|_O .
nxH a#~Q [H`# PiH =` Hey# u =~ ` x iQ `xH
Ke~K= L~@~k. <, <, =$^<, qH~Q<, =O=O< O
^x L~> K, O qkQ [H` Ke~ K=~^. J~`H^, q^j H
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=^~ ZÔ# C_ sOH H L~_ u =~ O+_ ` x iQ ^~
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l* Ke # ~^# iH OH}
KH O_xH =~ q^jH
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M` ^ ~_` _ [i *^ < ''Wg ~$f Ki` J< `# Q~^~
'l* # Qi~z O W O<_:
''=~ OH ^~ `=` `_= # iu OH=~^ =OH
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= #~_ Q_ = K# l* ( ^` O~) = H uiy
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gH OH}
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x O # #~_ H_`~ Jx KO.
3. O~ H = =`~ L~_ P Ò` W~ Hi~z# [` Jn a< u~
(Ol) ^= =H (~ ) =~^ D Hx q ''D H
"= = Ô "`
#,
^ =# ^=Q K H<=< Ja Q~ =g^ "|_~k. (x*xH "= =
Ô "è , ^ =e POk~K_~ ^ H^! (=i nx Q_O~ Uq>?) Jx J_QO.
^xH ^= =H (~ ) ''O x+k~z# >x gO x+k`Q, O Ô =`~
() K# >x gO Ô =`" # qQ XCH=_~ ^? Jx J_QO. Jk
qx [` Jn (Ol) ''x[", "= Pq^~ Q< K < ~ Jx KO. JC_ ^= =H
(~ ) ''ix ^=Q, =Q POk~K_= ~> W^ J<O. (W H~ )
nx|> Z=~< ^= Q~^~ =}~ H <'' Wk Ô ~, Jk JÔ ~ Jx
^
xO
x*xH O ^=x #~ ^= HO<O#=@. "i P[#
Ô ~ P[Q iQ}~ z >~KO x*xH ix ^=Q POk < O#=@.
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(9. `)
229
=O=ih POk~KH_^x "iH P[ W=|_~k. P# ` =O=O

PO^# H, ^xH JO HO. O He~KH# |^ O^< H,
HH P# Z~` Jf`_, q`_. (31)
"O `= <>` ^=x *u (` Ô ~) Pi" QO`<O. Hx
` uOOH Z~` "Q@
Hey< ^=_ =`~ `# *ux < <Q
KOQ i ~*
x^ =ê@_ . ` Ô ~ |^ O^H H U=`~
#KH<O Wk =` r=#==
PkH ` ~^_xH P ^=_
`# (J~u=)=HH `x, `^# Wz ~_. (32-33)
qO! Q~^ [H K~k# Ô "`
, ^ = J<H= ~k
JH= ^` Ô [ ^<x H*<O. Q "ix ^==O~H
OH~_ xOk<O. "~_|~QO H_> >x ^==O~ qx
y~Kx < OH ÔO `# HKHx L~^x O qx~K!
P "~_|~QO< #OHy Q He "i #^, H , g
"`> OA (Ò<) =~ k. ''W" gO H_ @H # i~^
,
WH g>x KqK_~_ (Jx JC_ "iH K |_`~k). (34,35)
^=_ =H# $+~z# <>#~_ <~Y P# xO
t~z# x=H~ (J^$+~ ) HO~ < ~_ =`" . > <Q q`
=. W^ O# û . H#H D <Q < gO P`=~K#H _
H~_ J~Ô H |^ O^H ` O_~_. "O HH@
Q g`
Z O_`<O g~ " H = ~ >` H ` ix ZÔ~_.4
QO~ KH~_,
H
Hi< ^=_ q_ . (36)
5
==i_ û JqxH J^#~Q =OH Jq K+= `~k.
^xÔ |^"O^H (=i~`) =O+`~ _`<O. XH
4. K~^=#~ HO~ J<k #~_ ~=ÒxH < ~_ <. 'JkH= ~
^ . D < ~_ < <Q (J~> rM^, l [, =O~, O[) < q`
=. p#H~ #~_ JO| D <Q < H~ ^~ , OH `
H ~_ ~`~Q * ` [OH=_xH, O~ K H=_xH gQ >x
x+^ =Q (J~> q` =Q) iQ} =< O. W~ H_ D û x
P"k~z~k. J` =H |^ O^H WO L^=x J}z" L^ ~`
x+^ = `~ =~ ^_ O~a~KO. ^~ ~u ^`
H q `~
Hey~KO. J~^= =~ H_ ^ i "y~z i ^_# ZÔx
WH_ P^t~K|_~k. (WÒ q=OH 2:194 H K_~_.)
5. O~ JOa D '==i_ û O~_ OHQ L~_k. XH>,
fHO ^ H~ XH x+^ =x Ô =`~ K Hx P Ò ` ~=Ò~
230
(9. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
_ O XH <# Ô =`~ K Hx =OH _ ^x x+k~K

H~>O. ^=_ x+k~z# < ~Y# iK
_xH, P < Ô
=`~ H=_x_ D q^~Q KO. (W) "i ^+$` "iH
}HOQ `K@@ K |_. ^=_ (J~>) ` uOOH
Z#>H <O~ K_. (37)
qO! U=~k gH, ^= =O~ (O_~^H) |Ô
=~> <H J`H`<O? gO O
HxH |^ ~zH rq`<
ZH=Q q< O? Hx O
H (Y)r=#~ =~^ D~zH rq`
Y~ =< =K@ =`" . U"# >H DxH gO LHq~KH `
^=_ gH =î `" # tH qk_ . P `~` g #~ =O*ux
(Dx H~) PqO* _ . gO ^=xH Z~> #+~ HQ*
O . P#
uh K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. (38-39)
gO ^= =HH `__#~` =`# =~KHK =^" n ^ . `
uOO J`_ (=H#~_) " Q># H+ i u `~ ^=_ J`_
P^H<_. JC_`# H=~ Wî XH_Q L<_. iÔ H~_Q
^H#C_ J`# `# KO x` ''qKO_ H , ^=_ =#H `_<_x
J<_.6 JC_ ^=_ J`xH =<x|O~ k~K_. J~`H^, gH
x+^= ~Y# iK
_xH Ô =`" # XH <# x+^= ~Q K H<
O. O~_= OH~ , * ` ZC _ XH [< =Kq^~ Q K~^=# ~=Ò
xH XH < JkH~ Q Ki ^x O=# ~=Ò~Q KO. K~^=#~ HO
=` * [< Z=H HiH KeH~, f="# "q H~ H_ =~ k.
D W|~kx JkHq ~K_xH q^~ Q K~^=# ~=ÒxH XH <# J^#~Q
K~ O. D O~_ ^` e W~ x+k~z~k.
6. =H |^ O^H ^= =H (~ )# `=O_xH xO
~KHx
FOA Ou" P# W~> =~^ HHO. P# |>H OQ< XHiQ
J~Ô g^_ K~"
x J#H<O. J` J^ Ou ^= =H (~ ) i H
Q |>H "oO. W~>, `# H g^ [` Je (Ol)x _ H=x, Ò `
`# ^QO [ Ô K
H ^# H#H == e Z=iq iH Jy~z =n< =K
=x K , [` J||HO (Ol) W~>H "O. JH_ Px "~@ @Hx "o
@}
~ e"Ox O Q =_OA `^KH<O.
^= =H (~ ) W~> #~_ "oOx `H# `= @}
~ #
kH "`H _ xH |ÔO. i H~Ô O Q gxH KO H<O. Hx
^=_ Q =YÔxH Q _ He~K_~ ` `= xO` "#kiy "o
O. JC_ [` J||HO (Ol) P~^#_ ` ''i Z=O< =iH
=~^H =z QH `~y K =#~ Hx= J<O. ^xH ^= =H (~ )
P#H q^~ Q Ô ~ KO.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(9. `)
231
Hx~Kx < Ô H_ J`xH ~ K Jq }x

(`#) ==K_. ^=x "} =`~ O^ O#`=~#^.
^=_ = H= ~`_, J`~` q"H= ~`_. H#H (WH#<) |
Ô~ _ èHQ<< , O~Q<< 7 ^= =O~ ^# }_ O_~_. gO
q+ ~ Q J~^< g L~k. (40,41)
==^ (~ )! [#~ ^ =~, }~ èQ L~>
H@q `H~_ h "~@ O=_xH J~wHi~z L~_O. Hx
iH =O~ K Hi# ~k. WC_ O ^=x g^ =}~ K ,
`= OQ u L~> `H~_ g "~@ =K=x K|Ò.
(Dq^~ Q) O P`=~K#H _`<O. O z J|^HOx
^=xH Q `. (42)
=H! ^=_ x# Hq ~KQH. h= iH Z~^H J#=u xK=?
(J#=u W=H~_ L~>) Z=O `=~`, Z=O J|^HO
~Q hH èL~_k.
^=_, J~u=k<x q~KO `= ^#}` O_H~_
(W~> HOh=~kQ) Z#_ x# = J_QO. ^=cuO
} Z~> "O ^=xH Q `. ^=_, J~u=k<x =#iQ
#=xO W~> q[
K H~>O. i $^ J#=# OQ~
L~k. P J#=#~`< "O `= `= `<O. (43-45)
"iH x[~Q (^xH) |Ô# L^" L~> ^xH~
O `y# < K H<O. Hx O |Ô_ ~ ^=xH W+~
^ . J~^H P# ix |^H
Q K_. ''(W~>) HO~_ i
`@ gO HO~_ Jx iH K _~ [iy~k.
XH" "O g`@ |î L~> gH xx W|~^ `z
> O. Q "O g=^ H $+~ K_xH `~ f=~Q u~K
O. g W>H H~Ô "i =@ Kqy q< O<O. ^=xH
ÔO
~Qu Q `. (46-47)
W~`H O~ H_ O H $+~ K_xH u~KO. h x
q
~ K _xH O OHO H <Q x KH<O. z=iH i
Ja=` xH =uOH~ Q ` ~ =z ^=x < <O" i ~k. (48)
7. èHQ<< , O~Q<< J~> - Wg O*xH `= #~_ =^~
=~KHz#C_ i` Z~` H+ ~ Q L<, X#O Z~` `H =Q L<, =O
P@~H L< Z> i` # ^xH |Ôx JO~ .
232
(9. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"i XH_ ''<H (W~> L~_=_xH) J#=u=~_. ##

(J#=O~ Q) =<qHOxH QiK H~_ J~>_.8 q#, "O =<qHO~
< _L
<O. W~> JqH #OH~ K>= > L~k. (49)
gH " [iy` Jk "iH ^Q i}q~ k. gH^~< P^
=z _` "O `Q ~|O_` ''=#~ =~^ *Q` _@~ K
=~z^ ~k J~@ "oÒ. (=H!) "iH KC : ''^=_ =
J^$+~ O~k ` (H_Qx, "Qx) =Hn [OQ^. P< =
~OHH _, H_. q P< #=H~>O. (50-51)
"ix W J_Q: ''O~_ " XH "# Qi~K H^ gO =
q+~ ZÔK#k? Hx g q+~ "= ZÔK#
~Qu ("O ). q=e ~Q ^=_< tH~ Ke ^ = K`# <
tH~*e. nx QiOK "= ZÔK<=. H#H (P =~
H~) gO ZÔ K_~_, g`@ "= ZÔK=. (52)
KC : ''gO g ^< x (^= =O~ ) ~`+~Q Wz<, H J+~ Q
Wz< Z> iu # ^x Hi~K_~ [OQ^ . gO O= ÔO
.
"iK ^# ~ Hi~KH =_xH HO}~- "O ^=x@, =H @
uOO
"Yi J=~a~KO. O# K_xH = qOKH~@ K
|^H ~ ` O . ^= =O~ _| YO@ == U_Q@ =Y~`
K J+~ Q YO_Ò. H#H (qO!) i ~`#~, i~
^ K POH~_. ">Ô ^=_ ix WH rq`~< tH~ K
QO`<_. "O } =ê< Jqu < =^Ò. (53-55)
"O ^=xO` =} K `= gx "#~>O. Hx
"O gx H<HO. "O iH~^, . (^`
#~_ ` ~KH=_xH) "iH^~O. (56-57)
==^ (~ )! "i (H@
q) H~Ô ([H`) ^#Ô
q+ ~ h g^ xx x~Ô} "`<O. J~^ H~` ^# ~
8. A^ a< M J< F H@
q ^= =H (~ ) xkH =z ''= !
## WH_ L~_x=~_. O
K J~^~Q L~>O. # K <#
xQ ~KH#. J~K` JH_H ~ ## =<qHOxH QiK H~_ Jx J<_.
^xH H~_ ` ~KH=_xH H~Ô H@
Dq^~ Q H_ H K
^= =H (~ ) ^QO J#=u fH<O.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(9. `)
233
9
W ~`+O . W=H` =Y~ =_H~>O. ^=_, ^= =H Wz#

^~` "O ~`$ _ ''=H ^=_ K, P# `# J#Q ~` =H
=i~` Q~ k_ . P# =H H_ =H k_ . "= ^=x
g^ =^$+ H~nHi~z L<= Jx JO> Z~` Q~@~k! (58-59)
Jb ^#Ô ([H`) JQ` O H1, Pà=## x~^H
2, ">x =K L^Q HO3, $^ KOQ#_xH4,
x q=HH5, O}Q O}O~ `y~K_xH6, ^==O~
qxy~K_xH7, (xO# # ) @OH8 =`" H>~K|_.10
Wk ^=_ xO
~z# qk. ^=_ O ~ Ziy#_, =q"H= ~`_. (60)
"i H~Ô ^==H =# <~KO H_ L<O. "O
(Px Qi~z) ''D =x+ uXH_ K =@ q~>_ J#~>O.
J`# g H~ W K<_. W~H ^=_ q<_. q
~z#i @ #=H~ L~K`<_. g q~z#"i e@ J`#
HO}=i. (J~>) ^= =H# k~KiH ÔO t H ` ^. (61)
"O q=e ~`$ OK
_ xH U" =} KO . Hx O
(z` kQ
) q` ~`$ OK
_ xH ^=_, ^= =H
ZH= JO.
^=_, P# =H# =uOH~ K"iH #OHQ Q`x iH è^? J~^
< O `~Q _= ~>O. Wk J`~` J==#HO" # tH. (62-63)
D H@
`= =# ^y# O e |@|K J^~
U^< J=ì~ ^" #x
_ `<O. =H! iH KC : ''gO JQ
J ~ K L~_~_. gO
_ `# q+ # ^=_ Ò<
|@| K_ . (64)
gO =>_ `#^q@x J_y` ''""^ i~Q J~@<=
J~>O "O. KC : ''gO ^=x`, P# H
`, P# =H` <
i=_k? WH<< H K _~ =#H~_. gO `x q~z#
Ò` uOO"Y i J=~a~KO. "= g H~îx Hq ~z< qye#
"ix =`~ ` H~_ tH O. "O O= ÔO
. (65-66)
H@
O+, H@

J~` XH H=H K~k# `_^~Q. "O
9. H@
e Qi~z =ixq=OH 107:4-7H
, >^ zH K_~_.
10. D Zxqk ^
XH\ ''^= =~O ( ce ) Jx LOk. JO>
^= =~O [i ~@O (l^) Jx J~O . (l^ q=~} 866= r K_O_.)
^~ O# HO, ^~ K~O HO K u h '' ce ^ HOkH =O k.
[H` =Y~ Qi~z 2:43, 2:267 H
, "> ^ zH K_~_.
234
(9. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
([H) K_ # Qi~z P^tO . =~zq+ #~z xOkO . O

Ò K H~_ K` H>" H<O. "O
^=_ qi~KO.
J~K` ^=_ H_ "ix qi~K_. x~^~Q H@ O=
ÔO. H@ O+H, JqH #OHy Ôz L~K#x,
J~^ O ZHO _L
~>Ox ^=_ iH Q#~ K_. J^ iH
`y#tH. ^=_ ix <#~K ! iHH ` `# ` ^. (67,68)
(H@
O!) g fO`#h JK~ gH O=~_# H@
fO
`#Q L<. "O gH~> ZH= |=~`, ZH= ~`#~ i
~^
HO. Hx "O (= P[ _Kq # >) `==~` M
Q AOH<O. "iQ WC_ gO H_ g=~` M AOH~_.
Q`~ "O Z xH=e# "^# _ O gO H_ JQ xH
=e# "^# _ O. z=iH "O K H# HO h W@ WH~
#, J@ O
H~# =O" . J~>"O #+ O. (69)
D H@
H "i sH Ki` è^? #, P^, =^, W
~ *`, =^ < [, `H~^Q Hk ^ ~~ K |_#
@}
? "i =H
"i^QO H +" # K# fHKO. (Hx
"O _=O" > O.) ^=_ "iH J<~ K ^ . P#
J~>_ H^. "O `= P`H J<~ K H<O. (70)
q~z#
, O+~` XHiHHO `, a+.
"O ([H) =~zq+ kO. K_q+ #~_ "iO.
#=* (==) # O . (^ PiH H) [H` <O" O O . ^=x @,
P# =H @
q#q^
`` =H~>O. gi< ^= HO}~
=i ~ k. x~^ ~Q ^=_ O H= ~`_, = q"H= ~`_. (71)
q# D O+ H~ O =~K O=<<
x ^=_ "Q#~ K<_. JH_ O HH~(YO``)
L~>O. x`~ HH
_ P O= < "iH~ J~^" # Q$ H_
L~>. Jx>H q~z ^= # ` Q~ a ~ k. J^ Qq[~,
O= "H~ . (72)
` O_~_. "i@ Hi# ~Q ==
=H()! Jq`, H@
i~K~_. "i x~ #OH= =`~k. Jk O= K_
~. "O ^=x g^
=}O K `= =@11 J#^x J~@<O. Hx O Jq
=@<O. W~ Hi~z# `~` (W~> qH$`K+
`) uiy Jq
11. W~#, ^= =H (~ )# H~Ki K =@.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(9. `)
235
"YiH _O. "O (=HH =uOH~Q) U^ K#H<O. Hx

K H O.
J "i H, H~ J~` ^=_, P#=H `= J#Q~`
"ix SO=~`Q KO<< ? W\H~ < O `="Y
i =OH~>
(=~zk). J~^< "i ~k. "O `="Y
i =OHH` =`~
^=_ iH Ju ^HO" # tH qk_ - W~#, O~ #. =`
~K~ "iH =û K"O, ~ K"O Z=O L~_O . (73-74)
"i H~Ô ''^=_ `# J#Q ~` `=H i~^
k
`= (LÔ~Q) ^#Ô K=x, [# L~>=x =}~
KO. Hx ^=_ `# J#Q ~` ix ^x HQ K Q< O < i
`#~ =~KO. O `= =}x U=`~ MÒ KH~_ ~Q
iKO. W O ^=x q+ ~ Q#~ QxH _@~ =, O
H`# J|^ = ^=_ i $^ H@~ [x~* _. O
^=x xk " @|_=OH D H@*_~ "ix =^^. (75-77)
"i QQ , O =K#, z=iH "i $^ "k
T `~ ^=xH è=x "O q<O? P#H JQKO
q+ è=x J#H~@<O?
(D < O) =#iQ q K # ^# `Qe Qi~z Zu
_ =>_ `<O. H+ _ K=>_ Z~`H~` ^= =O~ ^#q#
(xO^) qe ZQòK<O. (J ZHH~, ZQòK# D
< O ~Qu ^=xH Q`.) J ^=_ ix ZQò K < _.
"iH~ ÔO " # `# HKHx L~k. (78-79)
=H! W~> "ix Hq~K=x h= q[ K<, KH<
XH>. Q h= "ix Hq~K=x _O "O@H< ^=_ "ix
Z#>H Hq~K_. "O ^=_, P# =H# uOi~KO. J~>
ÔO
H ^=_ Z#>H <O~ K_ . (80)
(^xH H~_) "#H~_#O ^= =HH Hi~KH ~_
W~> L~_ =#H~@ ~|O_O. ^==O~ ^#}_
O_@~ iH W+~ ^ . Q O [` ''W~` f="# "q "_

|ÔH ~ _ J<O. ''#OHy "_ W~`H~ > f=~Q L~@~^x KC .
"s q+ ~ Q Z~` Q~@~k! WC_ O (`= xOH~ @)
#=H~> #=Hx. z=OH O `= Ô e`~Q OH~
$^ qÔH~ Q OkO . (81-82)
236
(9. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^=_ x# (Ô~Q~ #~_) uiy i ^QOH fHz#C_,

"O x# ^xH |Ô~ ^H J#=u J_y` "iH +~ Q W
K: ''gO < "~@ |Ô_ xH Z~`=`~ g^ . <` H
`=` O_>xH H_ g^ . gO W~`H =~^ HO~_ =_xH
W+ _ O . WC_ H_ gO W~> HO~_ (P_)i` H HO<
L~_~_. (83)
WH=~^ "i Z=~< Kx`, h= "iH~ =O# K H_^ .
P~`H^ "i =^ =^ H_ x=^. 12 "O ^=_, P# =H#
uO i~KO. "O Kx< Ô~ u < KxÒ. "i ~`#~,
i~^ x# "y~KH_^ =! ~`#~, i~^ Ô
^=_ ix WH~ tH~ Kx, Jq u < "i } x
xO
~K_. (84.85)
^=_ q~z P#=H` H ^= =O~ O_~_x P^t~K
J^~ U^< J=ì, WHK _ i iu ! "i H =O L#
OH_ h^QO H =z ^~ #H~_ L~_~^H `=H J#=u
W==x =#q K H~>O. Q O (Q q _z) ''==e =ê@~_,
"= W~> L~_"i` @ L~>O J#~>O. W "~ (QA
`_Hx) W~> HO< P_` @ L~_>xH W+ _ O . "i $^
H"> ="
|_. J~K` WH "iH UkK < `HH ^. (86-87)
nxH a#~Q ^= =H, J`x`@ q `= ^# } Ô
^==O~ O_O. H#H = WC_ "iH a.
12. H@
q <H_ J| a< L Kx#C_ J`x (=~ )
H_H J| (Ol) `# `~_ =G~O~ H~ ^= =H (~ )# P# KH
W==x J_QO. ^= =H (~ ) ~`+~Q KH WKO. `~` J| (Ol) `#
`~_ H~ =O# K =~kQ =#q KO. ^= =H (~ ) ^xH_ XC
H<O. Hx [` L=O (Ol) J ~Ò~ K|` ''gO W~> =H H~ =O#
KO? J<O. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) zO#= #O. W^ J^~x 80=
H
''h= W~> H@
qe Hq ~K=x _| O "O@H < ^=_
"ix Z#>H Hq ~K_ x L~k. J~K` ^= =H (~ ) ''<# _| H~> ZH=
O =x~ H~ ^ x i#<O L=O (Ol)`. (|Mi, =~ )
P Ò` P# =O# K_xH ^"#C_ DH J=ìOzOk.
J>#~_ ^= =H (~ ) H@
, ÔO
# =~ Kx` i [<*#=*
KO H^. nx|> =~ =[~ H@
"Y
ix `~KH _^x `~k.
D HO}~Q< =~ <H, Ô "`
J~> H@~, Ô_`Q
=~
Kx#C_ iH =O# K H_^x XH x|~^# @_~ [iy~k.
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(9. `)
237
"~ =H, "H ~Ô. ^=_ "iH~ (K>)O =

~K (J~^" # ) O= < ^ O z
L~K_. P O= < "O HH~
(Q) L~>O. W^ J^`" #
~, ~k J~>. (88-89)
" H_ K=~k `=# W~> L~_=_xH P#=u~K
=x H K _xH =KO. Dq^~ Q ^=_, P# =H# q~K
=x J` =}~ K# O~` W~> HO~_O. D "
`x uO i~z#"O Ò< ÔO tHH QO=Ò. (90)
=$^
, "kQ
, ^~ <~ ^H `y# ^# ~u x
O W~_
L~_` `C ^ . J` "O z` k` @ ^=x@,
P#=H @ x*u, #=H~ Hey#~~L~_e. J~> [#
q+ ~ Z~> J ~Ò~ ^ . ^=_ Hq OK_, HO }~K_. (91)
JQ h ^QO H =z "# HO ~ He~K=x =#q K H#i
q+ ~ H_ Z~> PH }
^ . "i q[H =^#~Q ''gH <#
# HO He~K# J<= h=. JC_ "O Q`~Ò~H
Ji` #<` "oO. ~` X#O` Ô O@~ <
Q~ `=H H ~^ Jx "O Z~`Q< ^ _ O . (92)
Hx ^x H L~_H _ `= ^~ = x, `=# Hq ~z
q_z@=x x# =#q KH#i q+~< PH} L~k. O
W~> HO# P_` @ L~_=_xH W+_O. i $^
H> = " |_. J~^= iHH Uk K < `HH ^. (93)
gO (^~ #~_) uiQz# `~` "O OHO H H K|Ò.
h= "iH +~ Q KC : ''H K H~_. "qC_ gO K U=>
#==. g~Qu =H ^=_ è*_. (g JO~Q |@
_~ k) ^=_, P#=H g fO`#e (=iH~` H~) Q=xO . P
`~` gO J~Òh Ziy# ^=x " =Oe~K|_Ò. JC_#
gO (W H~) U"q K ~ _"O gH è*_ . (94)
gO (^~ #~_) uiQz# Ò` "O h ^QO =z, h=
^ ^z Hq=x ^=x g^ =}~ K =s OHOH H
K|Ò. J` h= "i " H ÔO
@
Z#>H `$ K~^_ . (95,96)
238
(9. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Qg} Jq~, H> K Hi# . ^=_ `# =H

J=ì~* # Ô ~ Qi~z, ^x i^ e Qi~z "iH uQ è^<
Ke. ^=_ O *x, = q"H= ~`_. (97)
P Qg} H~Ô ^= =O~ H~` YO> O L#>H,
^x "O `= |=~`~Q Ok# (~H~) ==O~Q q<O.
JnQH h q+ ~ "O i` =OH~ xsH < O. (h^~ <
P^ zHH~> `x =ê WO[~Q ==i~K=Kx "O
=~ H~ HKHx ~<O.) Hx "O ~Q ~ H=<
O" # P^
zHHx L<O. ^=_ = q+ q~@<_,
P# O ~ Ziy#_. (98)
P Qg}< =iH~Ô<O. "O ^=_, J~u=k<x
=#iQ q < O. `= YO> ^# ~= ^= x^ ~ a ~ ^x,
`= H~ ^==H O# K_x q<O. x[", Jk
"iH~ ` H~_ (^= ) x^xH HO} `==`~k. ^=_ ` H~_
ix `# HO}KH fH~>_. P# Q H=je, J#~`
HO }=_. (99)
J~îH~> =~^ (W~ H~O) =~^~["# =l~,
J<O @, P Ò` z` k` "ix J#i~z# WÒ @ ^=_
# _ _. O ^=x@ ~`~ KO. "iH~ ^=_ O
=~K `@ ^ OzL~K_. "OH_ `~Q L~>O. W^
=#` q[~. (100)
h K@H L~_ " K=~k H@
L<O. JQ
=n<" H_ H@
L<O. "O H@ Ta iQ HOH
O. "i ~Qu hH è^. =H ` "O~>O. Ò<
^=_ "iH O>~ tH qk_ . P `~ "` O
~H~" # (#OH) tH#
KqK~^H (= xkH) fHO|_Ò. (101)
W~H H~Ô <O. "O `=`C XCH<O. ik q=PKO}
.
Hx }HO, Hx HO KO. Ò< ^=_ i `# H>H
gH}
i ~* _ .13 x~^ ~Q ^=_ Q H= je, JO ^ xk.
13. D H
[` J|< a< J| =xO (Ol), P# KO
POQi q+ ~ J=ì~z#@ n"`
è~. D U_QO |^, L^,
`kÒ ^ <O. Hx `|H ^~_ ` |^H ~ , J` HO}~Q
#H O. J` ^= =H (~ ) `|H ^~_ ` #~z uiQz# `~`
J~^ #xix Qi~z qKO} [O<O~a~KQ< O `C `Hx
Y~P< "=$Ò
(9. `)
239
H#H =H! "i ~^ #~_ ^#~ Hi~z `Ô ix i^ O K

.
}=O~ "ix OQq~*. "iH~ O#K. hO# "i
=#H `$x ~ k. ^=_ = q+ q~@<_. P# O ~
Ziy#_. (102,103)
^=_ `#^ `x, ^#Ô # Hi_x "iH è^?
P# Q H=je, ^=_x "OOQO? "iH KC: ''gO
(HO ) PKi~K~_. g PKO}
Y
i WC_ L~@~^ ^=_, P#
=H, q KO . P`~` g~ J~Ò Ziy# ^=x "
=Oe~K|_Ò. JC_# gO ~ K~ U"q K ~ _"O gH
è*_ . (104-105)
=iH~Ô <O. "i ==O~ (W~H iO~ H^ .) ^=x P[
H~ P L~K|_~k. ^=_ `KH~> "ix tH~ K=K ^ Hq ~K
=K. ^=_ O ~ è#_, = q"H= ~`_. (106)
W~H H~Ô<O. "O(W~) q`~ Hey~K L^~` XH
=^ xi~KO. "OH _ ` =uOH HOH y~K_xH, q
SH`# K_Q > "i peH $+~ K_xH xO
~KH<O. J~`H^,
W~`H =~^ ^=x`, P#=H` ^~ K (O[~) L#"iH
(O ) =O~Q L~@~^# L^ ~` H_ D =^ xi~KO.
O (h ^QO H z) =~z ` `=H =O L^ ~ ^x =}~K
=s K|Ò. Hx "O zJ|^HO14x ^=_ H q< _. H#H
h= Z#>H P =^ J_Q@H. "^>#~_ ^=cu <k
xi~z# =^ =`" O# K_xH hH Q=~#k. JH_
f=~Q ` _ O . ^= =H (O ) qKO} =~^ O `=# `= XH
~ xH H@Hx (^=_) `=# Hq ~K =OH ^ `= Kx =OH x^
O =<=x u[ KO.
Pq^~ Q O J<H OA Q_ |#" $Ò. z=iH ^=_,
Hq ~K_x èQ< O P#~î Ò. P ~`+~` O ^= =H (~ )
xkH "o `=# U=O@H QiK# i~^
h ^= =O~ ^#~ K=x
J<O. Hx ^= =H (~ ) J~^ =_=~` ^#~K Kx J<O. ^x
HO~ "O `= ~^
=_=~`# ^= =H (~ )H =i~KO.
14. ^= =H (~ ) =n<H = O=_xH O~ =n<x Y[* `Q

'J|PqO J< XH H = < L~__. J`# `# q^*<`, "O Q Ô ~`
=n<, ^x K@H ~` L~_ JO |^ O^H e PH@H ~@ Z~`
Mu Q_~ K_. J` ^= =H () =n< =z# `~` J`# `# "O QO~
H=~Q =~^y~K_~ Q=x~z ^= =H (~ )H, W~H |^ `= _.
240
(9. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
W~ ^~x J~`"~k~K_xH =H |Ô^H H i`~^x

q~z O~_ @ ZÔK_. Hx |^ ^~ |^ O^H O~Q
F_=_~` J`# =n< q_z> JO` Q
W~=uOH KO HOH
O~a~K_. L^ ^xH HOH ~#"i W`# H_ L<_. L^
^" ^ #~ JQ_
`q~z, XH JQ_
^= =H () _ =_xH H_ W`<
HOH__x `~k. J ^~ qq^`Q# =n< ^_K_xH
iQe#_ H_ W`<.
D q^~ Q J|PqO =~ H, |^ O^H H =^ [iy# J<H ^
=Y ` =~z ^= =H (~ ) fHO~ fOH=_xH u~K_.
Hx JO `Q
h UH" < W~ J~`~ HH=_~` J`# O O*xH o O
KH=i =~^ W~ =^~ Qi~z Ki~K_. P Ò` M O K
H=i JOa
^_K
_xH < K # @ ^= =H (~ )H O
~^. JC_#
O<# x=i~K_xH '`|H ^~_ `H |ÔO.
J|PqO y# W~=uOH HOH =n<x H@
q
H_ KiO. J`# `# =Ò " # H|_x L y~z W~H =uOH~ Q
O <#, LÒ JOax H = O* <# H_Q>
~ ^H OH
|Ô_. P =~ H@
q J|PqO` =~`< [i `= O
HOH y~K_xH =n< XH =^ xi~Kx xO
~KO. W~ Ò
K@# W~=uOH HOH y~K_xH =^ Z~` J#"# H~^~. J~^H
s xO
~ fHx =^ xi~KO. WH_ OQ_K
O, J|PqO U*~@
H_ H@ qe x~HK~Q HHx `y# <Q #=Kx H_
O
=^ XH J~wHO~ Hki~k.
=n< W~`H =~^ O~_ =^ L<. =_ =^ xi~Ke#
J=O" ^ . Hx H@
q <H~, KeH~ =$^
, |#
#=A H~ J~`Ô~ O# H K D =_ =^ xi~KH<O.
J~`>` PQ O_ `= =`=Q# =i~` >+ O K
H=_xH O =H ()
xkH =z ''`=O XH i D =^ #=A K~z nxH O~`=~
K ~_ J<O Juq#~ XH. Hx ^= =H (~ ) ^x ^@" ''<xC_
^ < x=Q= L<#. `|H ^~_ `H " < #. uiQKH ^x
~Qu K# J<O.
^= =H (~ ) `|H "o# `~` H@
q D (lOO) =^ `=
H@ O~a~KO. J@ O< =~ # `_z># `H}
" W@ (H>

QO _) W L|H Hs@~> J~^"H~Kx H_ ^H ~ " H<O. Hx
i # O^ . `|H [iy# ~ @#` i P J_ .
^= =H (~ ) `|H #~_ uiQ~ > î D H
J=ì~K.
P# "~@< H~Ô J#KO e ÒQ =n< ~ , `# #QO~ "t ~KH
=~^ lOO =^ # HQ>x P^t~KO. D q^~ Q Ô^ ~` xi~K|_#
lOO =^ `~Q <=@= ~k. (` YOP< #~_)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(9. `)
241
i^~ Q (q`~Q) L~_QO "O H_ L<O. ^=_ i^` >~K

"i< q_ . (107,108)
WÔ =H
L<O. "i XH_ `# H@_ x ^= cu, ^= # `
< <^ xi~K_. O~__ `# H@_ x h> xH `@
Q~ => H@H _Q=i# #nfO~ xi~K_. P Ò ` Jk
H J`_ fHx <O Q #OHy _ ~k. =i D Wî Z=O
+? gO Pz~K~_. J~> ÔOH ^=_ Z#>H <O~
K_ . "O xi~z# D (<^x) H@_ ~ i$^ ZC _
J#=H< ~z+ ~ k "i $^ =H=HQ ye`
` (D J#=H *_~ ix F ># =ê@^ ). ^=_ O *x,
=qH= ~`_. (109,110)
^=_ q #~_ "i ^#}# H#QK_. ">H
|^Q "iH~ O~ ^ O z L~K_. O ^= =O~ O_` `
=~Ò. H `=O|_Ò. ("iH O~ a O ^x) Ò`, Wh
, YOP< "Q#~L~k. ^x <O" O ^ ` ^=x L~k. Q#~ <O
"O _~ ^=_ q~z# "O=O~>O? H#H ^=x` gO K H# D
O X~^~ @ P#~^` [OH~_. W^ #q[~, Q
~. (111)
"O H= } H~ =>=>H ^=x" =OÒ. P< PO
kO . P# u Q< KO . ^=x(# `) H~ H~ ~KiO .
P# =~^ `=~KÒ, ~Q_ ` O. ([ =~zx kO .
("ix) K_ #O_ xiO . ^=_ xO
~z# ^
H_Ò.
H#H =H! (^=x` O
H O X~^~ K H#) W~> qH
(O) O qx~K. (112)
|Ô^H #OHxH JOOx +~Q è# Ò`
O `= ^Qi |~^=<O, "i =x~ H~ ^=_ i~K_~
^= =HH, qH U=`~ a~K^. W~ `#`~_ H~
=x~ O# K_~> P q+~ J`# `# `~_H Q#~
KL~_@". J` J`# ^=qOk Jx è#`~` W~ J`_
J~KH<_. W~ Z~` Ô $^_, #je,
^ q. (113-114)
[H <O~ K, O U q+ =#H @x>h
+~Q è*# Ò`, uiy ix =O+`xH QiK_~ ^=x
Ja=`~ H^. x~^~Q ^=_ = q+ è#_.
242
(9. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=H =[=~` ^=x Jn#~< L~k. r=#O} P#

Ku< L<. P# (@) #~_ q=e H_Q
U H_,
~OHH _ _ . (115,116)
^=_ (`#) =H# HO }~K_. H+H ~ P^Hx J`xH `_Q
xe# =lO#, J<O# H_ HO}~K_. "i H~î
$^ J=O~" "y#>H "ix H_ ^=_ HO}~K_.
x~^ ~Q ^=_ "i q+ ~ JO "`~`, Jq`" # ^ `
==i_ . (117)
WH ==O~ "^" |_# P =Qi x H_ HO }~K_. q
q~QL< Jk"iH WO H ~k. z=iH "i} iH
O" . ^=x @#~_ ` ~KH_xH P# HO } ~ `
Z~> P ~ ^x O Q OKO.15 JC_ ^=_ ^ ` "i"
15. D =QO c (=H J#KO ) O: 1. H a< =eH, 2.
a< L=, 3. =OO a< O|. gO =QO H_ z` kQ
q. Q_
W~ H~ J<H `Q K# O. Hx `|H ^~_ ` =~ |^H ~ ix
Q_ ^@x=^ . ^= =H (~ ) qKO} [i#C_ H@
q J|^ K
` ~KH=_xH |^ O x*x KO. JC_ ^= =H (~ ) J~^H tHQ
i` Z=O =>_H _^x =~ ~îH `H^ KO.
^= =H P[` =~ ~Ô P =Qi ` =>_H ~_ ~ |+} KO.
P =Qi WÔ |>H H~_ W~>< Q_ QO. [` H a< =eH (Ol)
=@H |@ g^ uiQO. u" =^H H_ "o =~_O. Hx
P#` U XHO =>_ O H^. ~ K< =^#qKO H^. =^

P# #=* K # C_ ^= =H (~ ) J_ _ P# " F~Q KO.
Hx #=* =y~KQ< "O " =Y~ uCH<O. ^~` [` H =i~`
kQ_ O.
XHOA P# `# z#<> `_ J| Y`^ (Ol) ^Qi Ho J`x `@
sQ_ ZH ~ KO. Hx J`# =^#"< W=^ . JC_ H (Ol)
^=_ HQ K , ''J| Y`^! <H ^= ~ @, ^= =H @ =a=< ?
Jx J_QO. ^xH J`# =^#q=^ . H J O~_O J_QO. =_i
J_y# g^@ ''P~Qu ^=xH, ^= =HH =`" `x =H i Q [aK_.
D =@ qx H (Ol)H ^Y~ OH =z~k.
P OA< [` H a< =eH (Ol) |*O# `~> i #~_ XH`#
=z Q< OA O# XH Y# P#H J~k~K_. J~^ Q< OA [`
Hx ~k ''g =x+ g g^ ÔO Ô# ~ y# @ "= q<O. gO
P J==#O ~K@~` J^= HO. J[HxQ q~z =ke#
=x+ H_ H^. JO^= gO = ^QO H =K~_. "= q=e #OQ
Y~P< "=$Ò
(9. `)
243
244
(10. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=O_, "O `#" =Oe =K~^H. x[~Q ^=_ Q H= je, Jq`

^ =_. (118)
qO! ^=xH _~_. x*fOH `__~_.
^= =H# =k, W~> HOx `= [<H ^#`x=_~
=n<"H, ^x K@H x=~K Qg}H U=`~ `Q^.
^==O~ sOH =, PHe^C , ùOOH "Q@
Hey~K ==O~ U^< KO fHO>, (Ô ==O~) U^<
`=OxH fHO~K, >H u~Q "i J^$+~ }~
"H~_ L~_@=<k Z#>H [OQ^. Ô#H a~K=#
u
x ^=_ Z#>H =$^K _. (119-120)
JQ (^==O~) H^ Q YOK ^ U"< Q@ q@
^> OQq P Ò H_ (HO `~) "H~_ L~_@=<k
[OQ^. "O K# ÒH ^=_ "iH `y#u~ `H~_
k_. (121)
q~Ô (Ô ^xH) =H=_Q |^~= # J=O~
^ . Ô =Q# ~~k~KH=_xH (H_) uQ=~, u`Q #~_
H~Ô KC# Z~^H |O^? P qÔQ "o=z `=[
(` =uOH "Y
i) =<~^H "ix Ki~z=~> Q~_k H^! J
Z~^H [OQ
^ ? (122)
qO! g g~ (Q=Y" ) L# ` uOO`
O_~_. (gO "`H =#+ H^x,) g Hi#~ L~^x "O `
He. ^=_ ^
H
H"iH `_Q L~>_x `H~_. (123)
H`Q U^< J^~ J=ì~z#C_ i H~Ô (=~ #

J=#K ) ''D J^~ (~) = g Z=i q~ iy~^x
J_QÒ. q~z#i qx u J^~ JkH" K~ k. ^x@
"O ~`+" "e|K`<O. Hx $^ H@ OQ=#iH
=`~ H`Q J=ì~K u J^~ i ($^ ) =e<x =i~`
JkH" K ~k. ^~` "O WH KK ^H Jq uqO~< _
H@q>_ `~>O. (124,125)
u O=`~O "O XH> O~_ O sHH QiK|_`<Ox
"iH è^? J< "O Ò K~k ^=xH H= } K H=_~
^. (D sH ^~) Z~> Q}O~ H_ <OH=_~^. H`Q
U^< J^~ J=ì~z#C_ `=# WÒ KO"#x H`<
O OO~ Q KH~@ x|~Q z "oÒ. "O
=~^|^. J~^H ^=_ i $^# (i zH =$uH
J#Q}~Q) =z"_. (126-127)
([O!) g (*u) #~_ g ^QOH ^==H =K_. gO
#+ =_~ J`xH Z~` ^Q L~@~k. g < J`# ZH=Q HO
H~@<_. `x (JO> WO^~ x) qOz#"i e@ J`# Z~`
==i, ^ =_. (128)
(=H! h= W~`Q #K*< q#H~_) "O =Y~ uCH~>
"iH DqÔ Q K~: ''<H ^=_H_ K. P# ` (=#=)
=O PO^h_ _. P< <# #=H<#. P< =#`
~<xH Jku . (129)
QOq~ Jx O_. [` H (~l) ^x Kkq =O q` =z _~ ^#H~@

J>H C _ ^x H qi He"O.
DqÔ Q # OA Q_z
~. P `~ "` P# `# OH H_
Ô~Q L~_x ^= =H (~ ) P^t~KO. JC_ [` H (~l) `# O#
>~ >H ~" O. J =O kOA Q_z
. z=iH FOA *#=*
=y# `~ "` W~>H C g^ qKO~` HOx LO> XH`# =z ''H! hH ~
HQQH! J<_. D=@ q#Q< [` H (Ol) J `~Q ~Q_ O . P
`~ "` XHi `~` =OHO K# J<H= ~k ''h H= } Hi~K|_~k J~@
P#H Ja#~^# è* _~ O~a~KO. [` H (~l) ~@< =^ H
"o zO#=` Hx# ^= =H (O )H ~ KO. ^= =H (O ) u~
K Px Ja#~k~KO. JC_ [` H (Ol) ^=xH H$`[` Q `# >H
=z# M| O q L~KHx qye# P# ~` ^= =O~ ^#~KO.
J=Ò}
: =H
10. #
H: 109
D J^~ XHK@ ^==H # (J) =# =z~k.

J~^= nxH '# O =z~k. W~^x q+ ije Wk
JOu= ^==H ==^ (~) =H Q_# 13 U~_ H~ 13=
O=`~O J=ì~z L~_=Kx `~k. XH ^~} =#=_ ^= =HQ
=z OH~ Qi~z z` qz` q+ =>_@~ @ =H |^
O^H PO~ "e|KÒ_"~ Q Px J~ _
KO. =OH " W~ =uOH KO~ y ^= =H (~ )H, P#
J#KO H |^ `=O. J~>iH D J^~ J<H q^Q
#K*` OA=O~ Qi~z k~K_~ [iy~k. JO`H^, Q` =H
~@ _ q~z > #~_ Q}O~ <OH=x Ki~K_O
_ [iy~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(10. #)
245
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~
Je- -O. D H
q[`q"K< ` x~_# (J^`) Q~^xH
~|~k~z#q. (U=O@H Q~~#) [# *Q$Ò K
= x, (`x)
q~z#iH i= ^QO x["# QO=u+ L<# O
qx~K=x "= =#=< XH =x+H z~K=. D q+ ~ iH
qz`~Q L~^? Q ùOO ''W`# z =~uH_ Jx
K|`<O. (1,2)
g = J =`". P< =He PO OA
$+~ K_. `~` P# JkHO ~#~ Jk+~ z =` q==#
xO< _. P# J#=u H ~_ Z=O Z~> O K _ .
P ^=_ g =. H#H gO Px =`" POk~K~_. =i W>H<
$H =O? (3)
g~~` (HOqKO}H~) P# ^QiH =L~k. Wk ^=_
K # uOQx "Q#~. x~^ ~Q $+ H # O~a~K"_, P
`~` k<# (}H>x) uiy |uH~z _ H_ P<.
q~z Ò KiH P# <~Q `y# u
~ k_ .
Jq "Y
i J=~a~z# "iH `Q~^H =iQ h>x W_ .
J~`H^, "O `= ^+OH (#OH~ ) ÔO
`# H_ J#
q~K= =~ k. (4)
P< O_ `*=~`~Q, K~^_ H~u=~`~Q K# _. gO
`n, ~=Ò H `H=_xH K~^He xOt~z#_ H_
P<.1 W^~` ^=_ XH =#` H~ H~ $+~K_. P#
1. K~^_ #~_ "=_ "Q O_ #~_ Q Oz# JO= "Ox D
H Ô `~k. K~^_ Qi~z YOP< WÒ K@ W L~k:
''(=H!) [ x# <=~H Qi~z (K~^H
~Q`q @x) J_Q`<O.
Wq [ J=OH, * ` `n xO
xH ~H`x KC . (2:189)
^=_ O~|=# $+~ z#_. OK~^# H_ P< $l~K_.
J=h `=`= xs` HH è_`<. (21: 33)
''P# g H~ O~|=#, OK~^# J^ L~K_.
#H ` H_ P# J^[< L<. q[` q"K# HiH W~^
J<H xÔ < L<. (16:12)
''iH~ =OH K#Q Ou L~k. "= ^x #~_ Q>
x `y < O.
JC_ i pH> P=i~ k. O_ `# xs` HH ~Ki< _. Wk =
H= ~`_# ^=_ O~k~z# ^H ~ . K~^x H~ "= =lb (K~^ H
)
246
(10. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Q ~K "iH~ `# xÔ < q_=Oz è* < _. ^=xH

_
i H~ O~|= KH=}~ J<H xÔ< L<. J
=H P# $+~ z# u == # (P# LxHx, UH`x
K> J<H) xÔ <<. (5,6)
= Ô #Q~ Pt~KH ~_ ~zH rq`~`< `$K ~ k = H
@ U=O@ =~z#iH #OH" J~u= xO J=`~k, "i

^+OH O =#~Q (`y# J^). (7,8)
xO
~KO. J`# >x ^@H~@ z=iH Z~_# YOO =@ =i
`_. K~^_ @H < H OxH ^ . JQ Ou Q>
x ^>^ . =~
XHH HH ~Ki< . (36: 38-40)
''P# OK~ê (XH x==oH H@|_ L~_) J^ L~K_.
W=h XH xs` H~ =OH #_ L~>. gO K u h ^=xH `#
~Qu gH è^? nxH HO}~ ^=_ ` ~. J~^=< W=h XH x~`}H
|_ Q`<. Px =ê O i # =h q^^" . ^=_ =#`_,
==x`_. (31:29,30)
''Ou, Q, O_, K~^_ ("^# H$uHh) ^=x (UH`xH,
P# H =OH) xÔ <. H#H OK~^H ~Q_ H ~ _. gO x[~Q
^=_ POk~KO`, >x $+~ z# ^=xH ~Q_ ~ _. (41:37)
YOP< OK~^ ~KO~, O~|= =i_ "^# YQG
q+ è*H $+ O # Qi~z Pz~K |k=~`H W~^ J<H
K#<x K|`~k. =Y~Q O~_ K## Qi~z <H K ~k.
XH>, D q~ ^#~`@k LxHH O^x , JQ ^#~`@k WO[~Q
#_=_~ ^x , ^x "#H F =#` JQKO H ~ #_ L<_x, P< ^x
$+~ z =#= H~ Qu ` H~_ F xi+ =O# x=|^~ Q xO
< _x H Pz JO= =`~k.
O~_, D q==
U XH> `#~`@ `# =#=H ~ Qx, #+~ Qx
Hey~K^ x , H|> >x POk~K_~ Jq"H= x, >x $+~ z x=|^~ Q
xO# q =< POk~Kx YOP< =#oH =>=>H k~k.
O~ =#=_ OK~^ #H ` "#H L# $+ O `HH
>@
J#=O" #
x, xx P# He~KHx >x l~K_@! Hx
D<> <QiH =#=_ K~^x g^ H" =K_. =#=O ` "=<H#
~ J~QOH Q ~ #~_ =# ` ~K_. H= ~`" # J~ìH< H xi~z O
==# `~ ^> Ô q~Ò~H ~_. J` D=`~ a~z# q_
q_ *<xH H$ u g^ q[~ k~K#x qOgy`, $+H O < qi< _.
YOP< D O~_ Ô}e Y~_ qO i^# H =#=_ `
Ok. "\x `H<H H$`[` Q qxOH_ POk~Kx K|`~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(10. #)
247
WH `x q~z Ò K # "ix "i = "i q~

HO}~Q <O# #_ _ . "iH~ O =~K O= <
L<. "OH _ ''^"! h= i^_ = Jx u L~>O. JnQH
"~ Ou K ~QH! Jx i~ . "O =>_ u=@ z=O ''H
` O H =H a Jx _ L~@~k. (9,10)
[ ~zH [< Ji~K_~ Z~` `~Ô _ `<O,
^=_ "iH H_K q+~ H_ J~` `~Ô_` i rq`H~
ZC_ =" L~_k. (Hx J K _~ = Ja=`~ H^.) J~^=
"= = Ô #Q~ Pt~Kx"ix "i uOO~, àO`<< _
=~_ =k<O. H+H~ =z#C_ =#=_ x|_, HOx,
_ Hx (J#H}
~) ==e "O@H ~>_. Hx P Hx H "=
`y~KQ< J`# (==e iQ =Oz) Z~> H+~ H_
==e "O@H ^#@ =Y~ K>_. W ^ gO"iH
"= "i (J)H$`# PHO= ~`~Q K=. (11,12)
=#=O! gH O~ (^ gi) Ô# "Y
i J=~a~z#
*è "= ~<#~ KO. "i ^QOH "i =H +=~#
xÔ< `z#\H "O (`x) q~K^. D q^~Q "=
<O
H "i <O O =#~ Kq K < =. "i Ò ` WC_
gO =iO K~^H "= q=e Ô }

(=) ux^ Q
xq~K=. (13,14)
= Ô#Q~ Pt~Kx "iH +"# = H qx#C_
''nxH |^ =~ YOP< fHO, ^ W~^ =OK J~>O
"O. =H! "iH KC : ''W~^ =OK _xH <H~> JkHO~
^ . <# < ^QO H ~|_`# kq+$ux J#i~K_ =`" .
<# Q#H < =H Jq^` K` F ~HO k<# _ tHH
_ `<#. (15)
W~H W KC: ''^=_ W xO~z=~> <h YOP<x gH
Z#>H qx~K"_ H^. ^=_ H_ gH nx Qi~z U=`~ è
*_H^. nx (J=Ò}
) O~ <# g=^ F nOH~ Q_ #.
(< hu, x*f# Qi~z gH Q `. J~> =H ^=x
q+~ J|^ Z KQ_?) gs =`~ Q~KO? J`
q+ ~ He~z ^x ^=x g^ <>" "_H~ > O= ÔO_ Z=_<
L~>_? H ^=x He J` q+ Q iQ}~ K _H~ > O=
ÔO_=O? <O Z> iu# ~ ~Ô. (16-17)
248
(10. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"O ^=_ =ê `=H Z~> ~ Qx, #+~ Qx Hey~Kx q^

^ # l Jq `=# Qi~z ^=x ^QO O K x J~>O.
''Uq>, gO =H ^=_ ZOQx q+ ~ Qi~z P#H H`Q
``<O? Jx J_Q ix. ^=_ i^_ . O K |^
O^# H P# Z~` Jf`_. (18)
O~~ =#=~` XH =^~Q (XH *uQ) L~_O.
`~` O qa# q, PKO He~KHx peO. h =
"# =~^ XH=@ xO~K|_ L~_H`, O OO~ qk~K
H~@# q+ ZC_ i+i~K|_ L~_q. (19)
"i~H ''D =H J`x = ^QO~_ U^< == Z~^H
J=ì~K^ ? J~>O. "iH KC : ''JQKO* #~, Jf~kH
^=x
Jn#~ L<. (P# P[x ^ Un J=ì~K^ .) gO (^x H" )
ZÔK L~_~_. <# H_ (g =O HiH Z <O" O `~^)
ZÔK#. (20)
[ U^< P^ =z#C_ "= iH (=) HO}x KqK`
P `~"` "~@< "O = HH =uOH~Q <Q #_~
O~aO . ''<Q #_~ ^=_ gH~> q#. P# ^` g
<Qx>x #"^K< L<O Jx KC. (21)
q=e <g^, h>g^ #_~K_ ^=_. gO F_ ZH
#C_ K>
`=O}~ =^ P F_ Qe@H KH Q =~^H y
`~> gO Q }~ KO. (J` XHi) H~`Ô~
# Ò` O`Q `=O}~ =i`~k. Qe L^$ `~Q g~ k.
F_ #" #~_ J L"`# Zy_ ` c` ~ $+ . ^~`
}H `= `# zHH<=x è
_ Ò. JC_
"O~` (`= `= q^^ =Oz) XH ^=x g^ q~
L~K` ''^! h= ==e D P^ #~_ Q>H "= h@ H$À

2
L~>~ Jx "O@H ~>O. (22)
J` ^=_ "ix P^# ~_ Q>H ~KQ< "O =m ` q=Y
^ O } uO Q @H X_ Q _ O . =#=O! (` H~_ ) ''D
uOQ@"Y i qH>~ z ~Q gH =uOH~ Q i}q~ k. ~zH
M H< =K> =`" . z=iH gO = ^Qi H O= L~@~k.
JC_ "= gO ~K~ L~_Q U"q K~_O gH
è*=. (23)
2. q=OH 6:41 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_. 17:67 H H_ K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(10. #)
249
~zH rq`x Dq^~Q =K: PH~ #~_ "= =O~

Hi~z#C_ < =" =#=, = u< ~@, zH
` H#~_=Q ` O=`~k. z=iH +"# ~@`
a` O\~. P H`H =z#C_ "> [=# K ''WH
=#Hq Z~` ~ KH O` Jx qO . Hx J~` FOA Ou
", Q>
" JH`Q =P[ =~ k. "= # <#~K, x#
JH_ J Ug ^# @ iQ `_z_=. W "= z~K"i
H~ = xÔ < q_=Oz è* < =. (24)
(H#H H}~QO~ ~> D ~zH rq`~x "OQH
gO H~_.) ^=_ q=e (O=<) ~ux~ " Px
< _. P# `# Hi#"iH <O~ K`_. (25)
Ò KiH `
~ L~k, J~`H q~z H_ L~k. i
=M ^ H@Hx #Q =O_~ Qx, J==#O~` =_KH
=_~Qx [OQ^ . O OxH JO=Ò. O~ < "O HH~
L~>O. Ô KiH i ÔH `y#> ^+
~ L~k.
ix J==#~, Ju+
K@=_. ^=x @ #~_ "ix H_
<^ _ L~__ . "i =M HOpH>
#Q =_ L~>. "~
#OHxH O. #OH~ < "~ ZH~ _ L~>O. (26,27)
"O~^s "= XHi =" O z
#C_, ^=xH >He ~z#i`
''PQ~_ gO, ^=xH gO >He ~z# g q^^ J~@ ix
"= xn=. Ò` O =^ L# Jiz` Òx
`y=. JC_ "O He~KH# q^^ "i` ''gO ==e
Z#_ POk~K^.3 D q+~ =#H ^=_ H. (XH gO
3. x[^=_ =ê |Ô^H POk~K q^^ i PO^##
Y~_ x YOP< K|`#k. W |^ O^H K# `C i H =~^
|@|`~k. Q = n` H_ Hx K@ |^ O^# # Y~_ W J#k:
:- H" ` ` O$` *< - ^ ~` 2 #^=`
`~`~ x= = - H$ ` x` . (7:20)
:- J~`=`
~ `~ - `` = ` "^
^< ^= *~u - =^H ~u ==. (7:23)
(`=`= H$ `K xq` P HiHK q"H= Q, > H#
Q}=Q x== <~z O= `H a#"# WÒ ^=`# ~^K<O.
(P HiH# HO#> J|^ HO
= #t~K ==Hk. `" # k H^.
W> ^=` <Ok~KO P ^=`< ~^Ô. < H
#< ~^Ô.)
(=ix q=OH YOP< 16:86, 39:3 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.)
250
(10. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
==e ZC_< POk~z L~>) g PO^# # Qi~z =H

è<
è^ Jx J~>. (28-29)
JC_ u"_ `# K*` KH# HO O=#~ Kq
K_ . "O~îh "i J [=x ^Qi H fH=_~ [OQ`~k.
JH_ "i J|^, J `H
#h >~K `. (30)
==^ (~)! "ix W J_Q: ''gH =H #~_
Lk x# ^=O? gO q<, K H
gH
Z=O k~KO?
xs= Ô~ #~_ rqx, rq#~_ xs= Ôx "eH f#^=O?
|~_"# D q ==# (x=|ÔQ) xO# HO_
Z=O? "O ` H~_ ^=_ J~>O. "ix W~H J_Q: ''=i P ^=_
g x[ = J#C_ gO (q H`H qO^~ Q #_=_x) Z~^H
=#HO? (31)
`x ` z# Ò ` =O + ` ~ ` WH qy^= ~@~k?
J g~ "`<O? (=H!) Dq^~ Q Jq^
q+ ~,
"O `x q~KO# ^=H x[=x è~k. "ix J_Q:
''gO He~KH# q^^ O~$+x, P `~"` #$+x
KO L<O? Jx. =m W KC : ''^=_ O~ $+x , P `~ "`
#$+x H_ K < _. J~@C_ gO "`<O? (3234)
"ix J_Q: ''O, gO He~KH# q^^ U"< gH
` ~ " =O^ O #~ K < ? "iH +~ Q K: ''^=_ =`"
` ~ " =O^ O #~ K"_. =i gO J#i~K_xH JO_# _
` ~ " =O^ O #~ K_ H =OHO =O^ O #~ K ` =O~
~^x_? J gH=~k, W~` J<~Q =i < O? (35)
"i K=~k TQ< K ">< J#i<O. Hx
TQ< (Zx\H) `xH `=~ H=. O K#^~`
^=_ Q=x< L<_.
D YOP< ^=x ^QO # ~_ kq+$u H ~_ =#= `=~`@
`= Oz~KHQ Q~^~ H^. Wk O~ J=ì~z# ^=Q~ê
^$gHi# k=Q~^~, ("@x> =eH ^##) qbHi~K =Q
Q~^~. Wk OH = #~_ J=ì~z# Q~^~. W~^ Z~>
~^ ~ ^ . (36,37)
nx ^==H ~Q Oz~KH<_x J~@<O "O? "iH
KC : ''g PO} x[=` W~> XH JÔ Oz~z fHO~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(10. #)
251
(H~>) D xH~ XH ^=_ =ê gO Z=O=ix KHQO

"O~^s KH~_.4 J "O `=H èx q+ x (=O~ Q)
uO i< O. ^x q H` Uq> "iH~H è^. "iH O=~_#
[ H_ WQ xOHi~KO. WH K_, P ÔO
H Z~> Qu
>~ ^! (38-39)
"i H~Ô (`x) qO H~Ô q~KO . P ÔO
~Qu ^=xH Q `. "O x# xOHi W KC: ''< HO

<"~@ =. g HO g "~@ =. <# K #H gO
^ HO . gO K #H <# ^ _ H#. "i H~Ô
h =@ Kqy q~>O. Hx U=`~ `HH ~KHx D àO
=#+H h= qx~KQ? "i K=~k (Z~` PH L#@)
h KO . =i h= U=`~ (` ~) H#x D J~^ H (OA)=O~
KQ
? ^=_ =#=H Z#>H J<~ K _. ~Q "O
P`=~K#H _`<O. (40-44)
^=_ "O~^s =" O K
OA# ( H~) `= Hx H}

H~> ZH= H~ Q_^x "O qO. XHOHO QO@_~
[OQ`~k. J` ^=_ HH< q+x xOHi~z#O x[~Q
(POA) O~Q #+Ò. "O U=`~ <O~ #_=^. U
^+i}=# Qi~z "= "ix Ki<" "> Hx>x h
rq` H~ "iH K~z<, ^ ^xH O" "= x# = ^QO H
e~KH< "`~ g^ "O = ^Qi H O= L~@~k. "O K #
#H ^=_ H. (45,46)
u *uH XH =H L<_. XH *u ^QOH ^x =H =z#C_
P *u Qi~z <~Q `y# xO
~ fH|_`~k. ^xH J}=`~
H_ J<~ [OQ^ . (47)
''h ki~ x["` J^
ZC_ <O" O `~k? J~>O "O.
"iH KC : ''< Ku Ug^ . ~ Qx, #+~ Qx J~` ^=x xO
~
g^< PÔ_ L~k. u *uH XH xs` Q_ =H~ L~k. P Q_ =
=yQ< WH XH H}~ H_ P~ K_~Qx, xs` Q_=H
=~^ XH H}
~ `~Ô K _~Qx [OQ^ . (48-49)
"ix J_Q: ''^=x tH FOA Ou" Q>" JH`Q
=z_` (gO~ KQO?) ^x Qi~z gOC_< Pz~KO?
<O ^xH~ J~` `~Ô_Òq>? J K_~ U=~` Q
4. WÒ q=OH 2:23, 24 11:13,14 H
H_ K_~_.
252
(10. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
#x? Jk =z gg^ qOKH_#C_ gO (`x) qO?

WC_ gO |@_# H~@#k? ^x H~ gO H^ `~Ô _ ~ k!
JC_ ÔOH ''WH ` (#OH) `# KqK_~_, gO
~k~KH# >H e `~Q. J~`H~ > "O tH U=~@~k gH? Jx
K _~ [OQ`~k. (50-52)
"O x# ''Wk x[~Q ~q ~ ^? Jx J_Q`<O. "iH KC :
''< = H! `H~_ ~q~k. gO Z> iu# ^x
J_HO. ÔO~, Ô<H _#"_ P `# #~_ q=H
~^_xH =~_=~` i~^
< J^~` i O~ H~^ W=_
xH ^= `_. P #OH `# K "O `~ ` HqeÒ.
Hx "i q+~ <~Q< xO~ K|_`~k. "iH Z~>
J<~ [OQ^ . (53,54)
q#~_! =H L#^~` ^=x^. q#~_! ^=x "Q#~ iQ
x[=~#k. Hx K=~k [#O (D ` ~) Q ~K_O ^ . ^=_ (g)
r=#O}H =HOH_. z=iH gO~` P# ^QiH KOH=
L~@~k. (55,56)
=#=O! g = #~_ g ^QO H `^ ~ =z~k. Wk g
$ÔQ`H x"i}. nx Hi~KiH Wk =Oîx, HO}
^x. =H! "iH è*: ''D =Qx ^=_ g H~
~_~> Wk P# J#Q ~, ^`$`. ^x "O P#~^`
[OHe. Wk [ H__ # ^xH~> Z~` +" # k. (57,58)
"ix W J_Q: ''gH ^=_ k~z# ~^5 gO
Hx>x x+k~KHx, =iHx>x Ô =`~ K H<O! ^x Qi~z
gOC _< Pz~KO? W~H J_Q: ''J K _xH ^=_ gH
J#=u~K_? H g~O`@ gO He~KHx P J|^x ^=xH
Pk<O?
^=x g^ J` PO} "`#O
k<# `= @
P# Z ==i_x q<O? ^=_ (WH~) =#=e
5. WH_ =+ ''i* J< ^~ y~K|_~k. Wk Z~` q$ Ò~ `
H_# ^~ . ^=_ =#H k~z# u ~^, == , Q~, PO~, =,
~`#~, #, ^ k "^# =h 'i* H~kH =. H~Ô Ô "`
6:119,136,
138,139,140 He ^$+
@Hx, WH_ i* J~> = Jx Mx~KO.
2:3 H
i* J~> ^# ~, PO~, ^#~, ~_K @
, ^ =, =, "~_,
|~QO "^# ~^
x JO~ .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(10. #)
253
ZC_ H>H gH}`< K_. Hx =#= K=~k P#H

H$`[` K_~ ^ . (59,60)
=H! h= UU HOH x=Q= L<, YOP< h=
UU q+ ([H) qx< J=h = ^$+ ^ ~ L<. JQ
[O! gO Z~> # K < O ">x H_ "= Q=x< ~.
=Hx U == z#^<, ^^< O h =H H#|_H~_
=OQ# ^ . JQ Jk XH + # Q~^~ |_H ~_ ^ . (61)
q#~_! `x qOz Hey=# ^=x HH
Z~>
~Qx, ^Y~Qx L~_^ . "i@ ~ K~, J@ O
H~
# ~`+~Q L~>O. ^=x =@ Z#>H =O=. W^ Qq[~.
==^ ()! "i =@H h= ^ _ H . QO=u+
h ^=x Ku<
L<. P# Jh q~@<_, =~ Ziy#_. (6265)
q#~_! =H L# = $+O ^=x `. (J~>)
^=_ H^x q^^ # i # O H=~ TQ<K , ><
J#i< O. gO q~u fH=_xH ^=_ Oux $+~ K_. (#
K H=_xH gQ) Q>
x H=~`~Q K# _ H_ P<. (=H
~^~ ) q<iH J~^ (J<H) K# L<. (66-67)
H~Ô ''^=_ XH_ H=O_Q KH<_x J~@<O. ^=_
i^_, xOHO_. =H L# =~ P# `. P
=@H g ^QO U^< PÔ~ L~^? ^=_ Qi~z gH=`~ èx
q+ =>_ `<O! ''^=x g^ JÒ} KO Z#>H
b H$` HO x KC . H}
~ QO~~> SHrq`~ H<@
"ix `xqfO M AOHh. P`~` "O =^Qi H O= L~@~k.
J C _ " = "iH ` uO OxH u ~Q f= ` #
KqK=. (6870)
"iH H # Q^ qx~K. JC_`# `# *u [` W
J<_: ''Ô O! <# g=^ L~_ ^=x H
qx q=e
U=O@ #~_ *Q$Ò K
_ ~ gO ~KH ` (x=~_) <# =`~
^=_ #=Hx P# g^ PÔ_ #. gO g He`^ fHx
F xO
xH O~_. gO < =~ U J~= ` H~_ L~_
Fi ^x H }~Q ije~KH~_. P `~` ^x <H =uOH~ Q J=
OK
~ _. <H~> J=HO W=H~_. gO < `^ q#H~_ =Y~
uCH<O. (^x= <HK #+" g ^ .) <# g#~_ Z~> u
~
HO^ . <H u
qK ^ ` ^=x L~k. <# =`~ =~ #
L~_x <H P^~ W=|_~k. (71,72)
254
(10. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"O (nx H_ MÒ K H~_) J`_ xOHi~KO. JC_ "=

J`_ , J`x`@ F_ ZH#"ix OH~ K=. ix =`" ~ K~
rq~zL~_ K=. =
xOHi~z# O~^s =~z"=.
K_~_, Ki~K|_#"iH Z~> Ôu >~ ^. (73)
# `~` "= qq^ =H
# "i "i *` ^QO H ~=.
P =H
"i ^QO H + # xÔ < f"O. Hx "O (`x
xOHi~KO.) XHi xOHi~z#^x =m J~wHi~K =#+ H^. D
q^~ Q ^g O"i $^ H"># "= =" < =. (74)
P `~` "= =H, O<H = xÔ<ez O< ^QOH,
J`x JkHO ^QO H ~=. Hx O J~HO~` qOgyO.
"O
O= ÔO
. = ^QO #~_ i =~^H ` ~ =z#C_,
Jk => =~`*~ =`" #x J<O. (75,76)
JC_ = ''` ~ g =~^H = ^x =~`*O J~>O?
=~uH Z#>H
~ HO Jx J<_. (77)
^xH "~ ''h= = ``=``
=O~ #~_ ==e =Oe~K_
xH =K"? W giÔ (=) ^~ `# ~ K~E< O? h
=@e "= Z#>H J~wHi~KO J<~. P`~` O < (`# JkHO
`) ''Piì# =~uH~^s ==~^ " @~_ J<_. (78,79)
=~uH =z# Ò ` = "i#^t ~z ''gO _
^KH#
^q> _
~_ J<_. "O `= =~`^< # (<g^) _" O.
JC_ = W J<_: ''gO _" ~ k =~`*~ =`" .
K_~_ WC_ ^=_ ^x Z qz#~ K_. P# ÔO
xx
<O"O h_. Ô`H Z~` "Q@Hey< ^=_ `# xÔ<`
`x ` ~Q xO~z fO`_. (80-82)
O <, J`x JkHO U H `z_O#x
_, P *u
6
H~Ô =H ` =O=O =# q~K^ . O < ^~ Ju
HO_# x~` ` O (JkHO QO ~`) ^g i _. (83)
6. u L^=~ O~~ Ô}~Q =H J~^ KO Ò. ^xH
HO}~ uH `=O}xH Z^s^Q
H, ~ =gi#i H~> =H
< ZH=Q L~>. H` q+x ÒQ Q~KQ H H_ =HH
ZH=Q L~@~k. J~^H ==H (J )# "^@ =H q~KO.
JQ J~u= ^==H ==^ (~)# H_ O~~ =H
q~z P# O~a~z# =#= ~O}^=~ KiO. Je a<
Y~P< "=$Ò
(10. #)
255
= `# *u[e L^t ~z ''[O! gO x[~Q ^=_ q

P# g^ O~ " ~_. gO (z` k Hey#) =~ (^= q^
)
J` (< `= >~K~_). (84)
^xH "O =^#q ''"= ^=x g^ O~"~. ^"! ==e
ÔO
H~ sHQ K H. h HO} H>H` ==e Jq
i #~_ OH~ K Jx J<O. (85-86)
"= =x, J`x Ô _ O ''g *u[ H~ Dl

Hx W~_ ^~ K H~_. >x PO^< H~^~Q K Hx (=H)
O< == <H~_. qH O qx~K~_ Jx J<O. (87)
= W i~K_: '' ! h= O <H , J`x JkHOH SH
rq`~ SO~, H
^# ~`
k~K=. ! [e h=O~
H OH~_ xOk~K_xH W=h Wz~k? ! "i i~^
<#~
K. ÔO t H K_#~`=OH (`x) q~KhH~_ i $^
H> =. ^xH ^=_ [a ''gWî "_ H Hi~K
|_~k. (Ô ~) O ~ Q L~_~_. *## =O~ Z#>H J#i~K
H~_ J<_. (88,89)
"= W ~ùx =^~ ^>~z P= X_H KO=.
O <, J`x xH O, fHOK
` "i "~@_O . z=iH O <
=^~ =xy` ''<# Wb q~z# ^=_ q~K#.
P# ` =O^=_ _. <xC_ ^=q^ Ki# Jx
eH_. (90)
''WC_ h= q~Kk? W~`H O~ h= Jq^
_= ÔO
# K ~ __q. WC_ h= qÒH Q}O~ Q qye=_xH
h x =`" "= H_`~7 (Jx =^#~ =z~k). K=~k
= xÔ < q+ ~ J*Q`, U=O@H # L<O. (91,92)
Jcè, *O ` O, AO , `, ^ a< Jc=M, =J a< L"O ,
J| a< ==^ "^# O~` WO"
O. J|O < a< B,
a,
= WO" =
~_ =^ L~_k. J| L^ a< lO,
*^ a< i, L< a< J<, L=O a< Y`
= =
, =

S^ =^ L~_k. J||HO nM (Ol) = H_ 38 H q~z ^ . ^xH |_#
= HO XHiÔ =`" L~_O.
7. =_" U H`~ =^~ =xy# O < =~ D<>H OH` ~ Q
L~k. H.. 1907 O Q< Z>
` P x sH , ^x LCO OH
L~k. ` ~ D =~(=q) Dl
x *f O= Ô # L~k.
256
(10. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"= W ~ùiH Z~` P^ H O " # ^ ~ #O~,

J`~` +" # r=<k He~K=. O `= ^QO H (Ô ) *#~ =z#
Ò ` O O~ q^ _ O. h =
k<# "i=~^
"O qk ~KH# q+ # Qi~z ` H~_ fOK_ . (93)
"= h J=ì~*#^x q+~ hH"< J#=#=O>
O~ #~p (k=) Q~^~ i =#"ix J_y `H. Wk
x~^ ~Q h = ^Q~ ~_ =z# O= ` ~. H#H h= ~H~K"i
KiH. JQ =H
xOHi~z#"i H_ KiH. JK h=
O~Q #+ `=. (94,95)
Z=i q+~ h ==@ O_~^ "i =~^ h=
Z~> xÔ #~ î ~z<, ÔO t H HO K_#~`=OH "O (`x)
q~KO. U^< @~x [ (^=)tH =z_@~ K q~z
#C_, P q~ iH [#~ KH i#@ XH L^~`" < ~q ~
z~^ #*u ` ? (#*u ~Qu "O ) P *u[ (`x)
q~KQ< "= ~K rq`~ "i _## J==#HO"# tH
`y~K~. P`~` P *uH H~` H~^H rq` M J#q ~K~^H
J=HqK~.8 (96-98)
h = `KH~> "~` (`x) q~KO. Hx h=
[e |=~`~Q qQ =OêK? ^[ x^ U XH_
(`x) q~K_ . |k # ^=_ (Jq) =e<x _" _ .
=H L#">x Fi HÒz K_~_x KC "iH. `x
q~K# L^ " x"iH Zx xÔ < K<, Zx KiH
K< ~ ^ . (99-101)
p# Dl KH=Oe O < J~>O. gi J<H =~~_q. =
=H (J )H H<~_ O~ #~_ O < =~~ ''O"-1` O~= ~k.
J`x H=O_ 'u O~_= O <Q k K ~ ^_. u H=O_ ''O"-2. W`x
H~< ==H (J ) [x~KO. W`x +}< iy ^ O O.
H.. 1886 O= Y K>
# `=H XH Oq _ #~_ F =~ |
_~k. ^x =# = f K sOxH K@|_# PYi =G~ ''O-2 Jx
O|_ L~k. W`x i< H~ H.. 1304 O~= L~@~^x O=
G"`
Ja~. O"-2 Kx# `~` J`x H_ ''q#` JkHO~
H =K_. W`< ==H J~^* # ^= ~^x uO i~z, ZO =^~
=xy Kx# O < KH=i. (Z<H_
P Obl<, Q~-5)
8. q=OH 37:139-148 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(10. #)
257
O~ [ U î< KO P î<H~ ZÔK< O

gO? ''J` ZÔK_~_, <# g`@ ZÔK# Jx KC
"iH. (J~> H+H ~ =) "= = =H
#, q~z#"ix H_
H~>~. qe H_H=_~ = ^ `. (102,103)
==^ (~ )! "i` W K~: ''[O! < Ô ~ Qi~z
gH^~ < J#=#O L~> XH q+ ~ `H~_. gO ^=_ =ê
Z=ix POk<O ix <# Z#>H POk~K#. Z=i Jn#~ g
} ~
Qx, #+~ Qx Hey~Kx q^^ # Z#\H i~KH . J K h=
ÔO_ " `=. ^=_ x# U^~< HxH QiK ê P# `
P H+~ #~_ x# Q>H ~KO =O=O L~_O . JQ ^=_ hH^~ <
" K Qi` P# J#Q x J_H QO H_ Z=O LO_O .
P# `# ^ `# `K# "iH `# J#Q Q~ k_ .
P# Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (105-107)
=H! "iH q+~ è*: ''*O! g = #~_
g^QO H ` ~ =z~k. WH Z=O <O~ J=~aO P <O~ "iH
" KHO `~k. JQ Z=O =O+`~< _=~>O P
=O + ` ~ "iH K@ ` ~ k. <# g O "HH xQ #. (108)
=H! kq+$u (=) Ô h^QOH ~|_# `^~
J#i L~_. ^=_ (`k) xO
~ K=OH #~ =~K. P<
J~îH< =~z xO
~K_. (109)
Y~P<x iQ, iQ J~O K H=_xH "M# ` Y~P<`
@, Wk kq #O_ <~ Q U =hx $^ HO J=`
iOzO^ P =hx zi`# QiOz `H=# J=~O
ZO`< LOk. P =h_ JOu= ^= = H ==^ (). D
^$+`< ''=h ==^ P^~rqÒ ~` `@`Q
''WqH i~ O@~ #O_ XH H O "=_Ok. 504 r
Q D Hx `<+ QH #= , a=#
~Ò XHi K^= _O "^ _` =yOK^H =ê @~ .
258
(11. ^)
J=Ò}
: =H
11. ^
Y~P< "=$Ò
H: 123
D J^~x q+ Q=x Wk H_ # J^~

H~< J=ì~z#@ Jx~k. W~^# |^ O^H H `=,
KiH K|_. Q`~ ^=~^~ uOi~z Ôu# ^,
P^, ` `kÒ *` =$`~` O~@ "ix OA=O~ "
Px~K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Je- -O. Wk O = ~#, += ~# H
` O A_ , =
q"H=~`_# HOx ^QO#~_ J=ì~z# Q~^~. nx P^~
HO~ gO ^=_ ` =O=ih POk~KH_^. <# P# #
q=e Ki~K, O J~^*"_. (1,2)
gO g =# H= } HOH~_. P# =O~_. JK
P# gH F xs`H~ =OH =~z r=#=y J#Q_. u
$^xH `# O`, Q# k_. J` gO (<
`^~ q#H~_) =Y~ uCH~> (<HK #+"g ^.) g
q+ ~ <#
~HO (
) k<# ~q ~K (#OH) `## Qi~z
_ `<#. gO~` (Kx# Ò `) ^=x xkH KO H=

L~k. P# uh K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. (3,4)
K_, "O (`= ^K#e) P#H èH~_ ^K_xH =$^
`~K Z =Y~ K> < O. *Q`! O `==M# =
^KH~@<OQx, ^=xH i J~Ò q+ h `. P#H
=#= $^ ~Ò "k O q+ `~ `. (5)
=~_~ ~Ki~K u}H LkxK ^ ` ^=x< L~k.
JQ U} ZH_ x= ~ ^, ZH_ (^x}~) Ô K | _`~^ H_
^=xH `. = q+ +~ Q Q~^~ "|_ L<. (6)
P< =He PO OA $+~ z#_. nxH O~ P#
(JkHO) ~#~ h>g^ L~_k. g Z=O huQ #_KH~>O
sH~K_xH P# W^~` $+~K_. (=H!) h= ùOOH
''=O}#~Ò~ gO uiy|uH~z | _Ò Jx K|`~> O ~@<
''Wk iQ =~`*~ ` =Og H^x J~@<O. (7)
"= "ix "~@< tH~ KH ~_ XH xs`H ~ =OH =ê_~ > ''U
q+ ~ ^x xOk~z~k? J~@<O "O. q#~_, "iH tH =~
g~z#C_ WH ^x Z=O J_H O . "O # K # q+ "
"ix K@=_~ k. (8)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(11. ^)
259
ZC_< "= =#=xH = HO}~ KqK# Ò` uiy

f~> (~@<) J`# xOK~ k H$` _Q =i`_. XH" J`xH
=z# P^# Ô~K "= Y~ Hey J`# (`Q ~|O_ `)
''< Hh fi J~>_. Q J`# qugi# ~`+~`
Qi+_ ~ `_. J` [# , #jO =`~ W~> |#`
# îH KOx =O. J~>"iH (^=x^QO ) =x~, Q u
=
a.(9-11)
H#H h J=ì# q+ Hx>x (KO~ K H~_) =k
"" (J =k H_^ =!) JQ O ''D =x+ U^< XH xk
Z~^H J=ì~K^ , ^ W`x "~@ ^= ^`< Z~^H O^ ?
Jx J~>O. ^xH ^ _ H . h= Ki~K"_q =`" . P Ò `
q+ h ^=_ KH~>_. P kJ^ Oz~z fHO~_. (H~>)
D x gH _~ ^H XH ^=_ =ê gO Z=O=i K
HQO O~^s KH~_. gO x*fO ` (Dx K K~_).
"O Q#H g xH OH` D Q~^~ (=#="^ [x`~ H^x,)
^= *#~` J=ì~z~^x, P ^=_ ` =OPO^ _ _x `H~_.
=i gO (W>H< D `xH) `"Q` O? (13,14)
H =~ ~zH rq`x, ^x ` H He HOH<iH i HO
x iQ WH_ Wz"=. J~^ iH Z~> HO` K =.

J` OH~ J~>"iH #OHy ` =Og L~_^. "O
~K~ =HOH#^~` xOOH"~k O K#^~` q^
(Jx JC_ `~ k iH). (15,16)
XH=H `# = #~_ + # xÔ #~ HeyL<_. P Ò` (P
xÔ <x =i ) =O xÔ #~ H_ J`x = #~_ =z~k. nxH
O~ =O^ i xQ, (^= )HO}~Q J=ì~z# = Q~^~ H_ L~k.
=i (D=H ~ K *i ==^ `z# `x uO i~KQ
_)?
J~>"O nx ` H~_ qO . =` =#=*` U*`< nx
uOi ^x x"~ #OH==`~^x "Q#~ K|_`~k. H#H
==^ ()! D q+ ~ h= Z~> ~^ xH POq=H. Wk
h = #~_ =z# ` ~. Hx K=~k nx q~K_~ ^ . (17)
^=xH J|^~ Pk~K_ H~> O= ÔO_ = O~>O? J~>
"ix ^=x =~^ " @_~ [OQ`~k. JC_ H `= =H
260
(11. ^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
J`~ Pk~z#O gO#x HqO. q#~_. ^=x =O~ #~_

[e xOk~K ÔO
^= ~ qOKH_ `~k. (18)
D ÔO ^=_ xOt~z# =Ox =HHi~E OHx
uO i<O. "O =` =~_~ ^=_ U=`~ JH_Q
K O . ^=xH =uOH~ Q "iH ~ K"_ H_ L~__ . iH
O>~ tH _ `~k. "iC_ Z=i (`)=K< q (=~z)q+ ~ `@^ . `=H`= #+~ Hey~KH# P`
q<H gO. "i J `H
#h i#~_ H#=OQ `. xO
^ OQ "O O
H~ J~îH< O~Q #+ O. (19-22)
WH `x q~z ^KO ~## O =`~ (`k =OH )
`= =H J~H`= L~>O. "O `H~_ Ox=Ò.
O~ < HH~ (Q) L~>O. D L
=O# W =K.
XH_ J~^ _, |kO _. =OH_ H , K= L#_. giO=O =#
"<? gO q+ ~ Q ~KO? (23,24)
"= ## J`x *u[ ^QOH ~=. JC_`# (iH
`^~ K) ''<# q=e +~Q Ki~K_xH =K#. (UHH)
^=_ ` gO Z=ih POk~KH~ _. W K H` g O" # tH
qOKH_ `~^x <#
_ `<# Jx J<_. (25,26)
J`x *u `x uO i~z# <H ^xH =^#qKO:
''= ^$+
h= =~> XH =#==`_". (J~`H q~z =Og H=.)
=~^K H ~_ h=@ qx x# (Q_Q ) J#i# "O Z~>
O "= K< L
<O. (q[`, q"K# x ) J^= , `K Q^ x#
1
~
J#i# k ? gO =H~> U q+ ~# q~z#@ =HQ _ @
^ . J #> J|Ô_=x "= q< O. (27)
(JC_) # W J<_: ''< *u[O! H Pz~K~_.
< = J#Q ~ = (W~`H O~ #~K) <<H xÔ #~ (J~Ò`
1. [` # (J) ^-^xH, J^=-JkH, =#=Y, H-e` J# q=H K H~_ `# *u"~~îH ^= ~^~
J~^* O. Hx i z#z# =$u# K H< ^, ô` ^x q~K~.
Wk ^x HH, JQ=O #K^ . ''h= KO~ K # k x[~Q ` Ô =`
=~^Q "" q~KO. x+^ i ^, hKH
H JO^ =~pK_ ,
` `# qKH}
K@~` |n*< ZH_<? J#^ i ^#. u
Q~# ^x H, JQ=O H< =~^Q, JkH~ Q ^, ô` `x
q =KO. (n~`@ 18:28, 26:111,112 H
H_ K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(11. ^)
261
^< *u) Hey=<#. P `~"` P# <H `# q+HO}~

(k"q+$u) k~K_. Jk gH Hx~KH ` (<<~ K #?) q~K
_xH gH+~ H ` ^x |=~`~Q g g^ O^_ xH <^QO Z~>
^# ~ ^ Q^! (28)
< *u[O! <h x H~ g#~_ Z~> u
~ Pt~K_~
^ . <H u
qK ^ ` ^=_ fH<_. < =@ q~z#
"ix <# Q~>"
#. "~ _ `= = xkH K~ H=#".
Ô O! <<H" "ix < ^Q~ Oz Q~>" ^=x @#~_ #<=O
H_Ò? gO=`~ JO~ K HO? <^QO x^ , xH <x
<# g` J#_~ ^ . <H Jf~k H
<x, <# ^= ^`x H_
KC H=_~ ^ . g H H hKQ Hx# giH ^=_ Z~> "
K _x <# K #. "i J~Ò~ Q u ^=xH Q `. XH"
"ix Qi~z J Ka` <# ÔO}

`#. (29-31)
"O _ ''#! #= =` ^#H ky Q< "k~K=. ~ , h=
` =~`_"` ==e ki# PtH Uq> WH fHO J<O. (32)
^xH # W J<_: ''^x ^=_ `KH~> fH=_.
JC_ gO ^x Uq^~ Q# J_H O . ^=_ q=e =O + ` ~<
_ =~_x= ^KH~>, <xH g H~ Uk K #H< Jk
gH~> [#~ KHO^. J~> H~#_ g =. g~
(=O}#~Ò~ ) P# xkH KO H= L~k. (33,34)
==^ (~ )! "O ''W^~` J`< He~KH<_x J~@<O?
J` "iH KC : ''XH" <# nx ~Q He~KH~>, P <O~
<^. Hx gO K # <OH <# Z~> ^ _ H#. (35)
#H kq+$u Ô W z~K|_~k: ''h *u[
q~K=# O~` q~KO. WH H`Q q~KO=O O . H#H
i JH$`# Qi~z h= ^ _ # =O~ ^ . WC_ = O "H}

= `~` XH F_ ` OK H. J` ÔOe Qi~z < ^QO
O K H_^ =! O~` WC_ =xy #<O. (36,37)
# F_ xO}~ x=Q_ _. J`x *u <H J`x
=~^ #~z ` J`_ J ~ KO. ^xH # W J<_:
''gO ==e K #=`<O? J` "= H_ q=e K
#=H~@<~. J==#HO= ~# tH Z=i =z _ `~^, uOQx
L^=~ Z=ix K@=_~ ^ Ò< gH è`~k. (38,39)
262
(11. ^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
z=iH =P[ O<=z~k. (=^=~) H~> ~yOe~k. JC_

"q P^t~K~: ''u *uH K~k# } XHH [`# <HH
fH. JQ Z=O=ix Qi~z hH W~`H =~^ è*" "ix
=ê (qye#) h H@~| e, qe H_ <H ZH~KH.
#` @ q Hk=~^ L<O. # (`# J#KO `)
''^=x O` F_ZH~_. Jk #_=_~, Py=_~ Jh (^=x Ku
L<). < = Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_Jx J<_. (40,41)
F_ "ix fHx =~^H y~k. =^H O> H~_ Zy
_ `<. # Ô#=# `# H=O_ ez ''|! (W@ =K.)
=`@ F_H ZH. Jq` H L~_H Jx J<_. (42)
^xH J`# (~Hi) ''WkQ K_, <xC_ F H~_ ZH`#.
Jk ## h> (~) #~_ H_`~k J<_.
''^=_ ~Q HO } ` DOA P# P[ (tH) #~_ U H
H_^ J<_ #. J~` "iO=i =^ F(^) HO@
~ J_Q
=z~k. Ô` J`# H_ =xyi Ki_. (43)
'' =~_=! h h>#~`>h q~Q. PH=! WH Py Jx P[
J~k. JC_ hO~` <H W~H~k. [OQ= ~k [iy~k.
F_ En O`~2 g^ xez~k. ^~` 'ÔO _ qOQ_
~^x H@
# "=_~k. (44)
(J`) # ^" x "_ H~@ '' ! < H_H, < H@~xH
K~k#"_. h "Q#~ x[=#k. h= iH H Q i
H_q. JkHO H =~z JkHiq J<_. (45)
(^=_) J<_: ''#! J`# h H@~xH K~k#_ H^.
J`# (h H_# K_|>#) O= J[H_. hH =~ Uq>
èx^x Qi~z ##i~KH. <# hH L^t<#. h= J*xQ
=i~KH. (46)
(D =@ q#Q<) # (
_ ) '' ! <H èx^x
Qi~z x#i~K_~ (J<H_) #~_ <# hO} HO`<#. (##
2. POx #~_ Hi< =OH ~z=# JOO` J< O ` }
''En O` <>H XH O `~ L~k. Ji>
J#KO _ Z|_# H_ DO `~
# (=H) F_ ky# q+ x ^$ gHi~K_. WOM J<H= ~k [ D F_
tkH K~k# (KH ) =H Ô K Hx >x JOQn kQ
H =~^Q
_`<Ox J`# `# Ki` Q~^~ O#@ `~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(11. ^)
263
Hq~K) h= ## HxHi~z Hq~KH` <# <#=~`# Jx

"_ H<_. (47)
P[ *s J~k: ''#! (F_ #~_) kQ. hH, h`@# =OH
= #~_ ~f HQQH! (g ~ù #~_ =K) =iHx =O
H_ L<. "iH "= H~`H~ (O K~) [#~ Hey~.
Ò ` ("i ^+OH) "iH = Ò # ÔO t H _ `~k. (48)
==^ (~)! W=h JQKO q+. g>x "= hH
kq+$u Ô è* < =. nxH O~ h=Qx, h*u [Qx
D q+e U=`~ ZOQO. J~^= h= #~` ==i~K.
O =#~
H
HiH J#H~Q L~@~k. (49)
P^ *u[ =^H "= "i Ô _ ^x (=HQ xq~z)
~=. J`x J<_: ''< *u[O! ^=_ (=`" ) POk~K~_.
P# ` gH =O PO^ _ _ . g=h J `H
# ` =Og
H=. (J~> q^^ # WH<< =ê@~_). (50)
''[O! <h xH~ g#~_ Z~> u
~ HO_~ ^ . <H
u
qK ^ ` ## $+~ z#_ fH<_. gO q+ x JO~
KHO? ''< *u[O! g = H=} KHx P#"
=O~_. P# gH~ PH~ #~_ +~Q =O~ Hi_ . g Hx
~z q=e =i~` |`~ K_. H#H <O =kiQ =Y~
K@ K HH~_. (51,52)
^xH i J<O: ''^! h= =^QOH +"# =}~
fHO ^ . h=@ qx = ^=`# Z#>H =^HO. x# q~K
H H_ ^ . "= = ^=` U^< hH H_ `>~ ^" #x
q< O.
^ W J<_: ''<# ^=_ HQ _< . gO H_ H Q
L~_~_. ^=_ =ê gO He~KH# q^^` <# qQu
#. gO~` H <H =uOH~ Q U^< K ^KH~> K~_.
J~^ Z~> HO` K H~_. <H=`~ J=H~ W=H~_. <# ^=_
#=<#. P# <H ", gH ". u} A@ ^=x Ku
< L~k. x~^ ~Q < = K =O" J# OA=O~ . g~
=Y~ uCH~> uCH~_. (<HK #+" g ^ .) <Hz ~# ~^x
<# gH~^*#. (<^` fi~k.) WC_H < = (q=e
xOe~z) g #~ =~ *ux Lî _ . JC_ gO#H Z~>
#+~ He~ KO . < = u^h FH~@ Hx> K< _. (53-57)
264
(11. ^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P Ò ` = P[ =K~k. (i
~HO # L^=~ qOKH
_~ k.) JC_ "= = J#Q ~` ^x, J`x`@ q~z#
ix OH~ K=. "= "ix O" # tH# ~_ H_=. (58)
"O P^ *u[. O `= = H
, K# uO i~KO.
P#=H
`= #=^ . O ` qOk J# u J~HiH
q^
~ O. z=iH O W@ WH~# ~ K|_O , J@
k<# (O
H~) H_ O Q
Q< L~>O. (59)
q#~_, P^ [ `= =x uO i~KO. Q q#~_, ^*u
J# P^ [ Ô~Q qi |_O . (60)
"= =^ *u[ ^QOH "i Ô_ e# ~=.
J`x J<_: ''< *u[O! UHH ^=_ (=`" ) POk~K~_. P#
` gH =O PO^ _ _ . P< q=e < #~_ >~ z WH_
gH =u HO~ He~K_. H#H gO P< H=} HOH~_.
P# " =O~_. x~^~Q < = Ju g~< L<_.
P< (=#) "O# PH~K_. (61)
^xH i J<O: ''e! Q`~ h= = =^ Z~` =~z_q
Q L<=. h g^ "= Z< P @H <=. (WC_=~k hH?)
= ``=`` H~ #~_ =# D ^# l~KHhH~_
==e i< =? h= k # q+ ~ @ =H K J#=#~Q
L~k. Jk ==e f= ~kQ~ _" ~ k. (62)
JC_ e W J<_: ''< *u[O! <# < = ^ =
(W~`H =~^#~K) XH xÔ #~ (J~Ò` ^< *u) HeyL<#.
P`~` P# <H `# q+H O}x (kq+$ux) H_ k~K_.
nx Qi~z z~KO? W=h a~z# `~` H_ <# ^=xH Jq^

}` P# @#~_ #<=O H_Ò? gO ## #+ O K
_ ~
` <H Uq^~ Q L Q_ ` O? (63)
''< *u[O! WkQ. Wk ^=x X~>. gH~ W^H K#. nx
^=x < KQ "_xH =ê@~_. U=`~ nx *eH H_^ .
` =`~ g ^=x tH qOKH_~ ^H J> Z~` @^ . (64)
J` O (D KiH# MÒKH~_) X~># K~O.
JC_ e (PQ ~ "e|K`) ''WC_H gO =_OA =`"
g W~_
Q_ QQÒ. Wk U=`~ J` ~Q =Ox uOQx =@
J<_. (65)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(11. ^)
265
z=iH = P[ O<=z~k. (
OH~" # q` "i =z_~ k.)
JC_ "= = J#QO` ex, J`x`@ q~z#"ix
OH~ KO. P<> J==#~ #~_ "ix H_=. x*xH h " J`~`
H= ~`_, OkHi. (66)
WH Ô#O q+xH =, Ju f==~# q@~ "ix
Hk~k. ^~` "O `=W~_
Z~> K#~ H ~_, J "OH _
< O# @ x[~Q _ O. q#~_, =^ *u[ `= =x
q~K_xH xOHi~KO. Q q#~_, =^ *u[ Ô~Q qi
" |_O . (67,68)
` W~ ^QO H = ^` O fHo ''gH ~f
HQ QH! J<O. ^xH W~ ''gH_ ~u HQQH! J<_.
P`~` H>H W~ P=^_ He`K_. Hx "i K` [#~
gkH =_~^. Ô` J#=#"z J`# # _Q_.
"O ''
_H . "= `*u " ~|_O J<O. (69,70)
JC_ W~ O H_ JH_ x|_ L~k. P" D =@ qx
(`= >xH =^~ ` #~^H) #q~k. P `~` "="H W M
@H Qi~z, WM Ò` Y @H Qi~z O K=.
^xH" ''P, < _Q#! D =< <H ~`#~? <# ~_
=e^# <! < O H_ =e_ _!! (~`#~ Z
HQ`~k?) K qz`~Q L~^!!! J#k (POO`)- (71,72)
''^[ qx PO`<" h=? W~ H@~| O!
(q#~_) g ^=x HO}~, P# L<. x~^ ~Q ^=_
Z~` ~ h_, =#`_ J<O ^= ^`. (73)
W~x
~ ( O =) =# H^@_# Ò`
J`# =` [Q_xH kQ_.3 x*xH W~ Z~` #j_, =$^
$^ _, ^=x " =O _. ''W~! WH ^x =k. h [
J~k. i ` xiQ tH =z_ `~k. ^xH uOQ^ . (7476)
(JH_~z) = ^` ` ^Qi H KO H<O. ix K J`#
K P~^# _ Q_. J`x $^ ~ OzOK ~k. ''DOA
^ P^ =z_~ k J<_`# . (77)
3. [Q_~ J~> WH_ x[~Q [Q_= x JO~ H^. ^=xH, ^xH =^ x
` ~|~^~ , ^x ^=xH# =, `# OH~ Q H>
# ` H ^~
Wk. [` W~ (J ) `*ux tH~ KH ~_ îH =K~^H ^xH =iH~`
Q_ q==x =>=>H ^
_O . D "Y
i< WH_ [Q_~ ` _~ [iy~k.
266
(11. ^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(` W~>H Ju^ ~Q<) J`x *u[ J`x ^QO H O QÒ .

"O "^>#~p JjK+H J@_O.4 ` ("iH #K*)
''Ô O! (D K+
=< ~_.) H~> < H=O
<O K_~_.
gO gH~ i^
. ^=xH
_~ _. < Ju^ q+ ~ ##
J==#O H~_. Uq>! g =~z_ XH_ _? Jx J<_. (78)
''hH `H^, h H=O
` =H x^x . =H H=~^q>
H_ hH ` J<O O. ''J! <H q=e J^L~K
H L~> Z~`Q~_! ^ P~ O^_xH U^< ^$_"# H@
îH< Q~_ J<_ ` (79,80)
JC_ ^=^` W J<O: ''`! "= h = ~#
^`~. gO x<g K O . H~` Ou Q_z
# `~ "` h H@~x
fHx WH_~z |î ("O K>H) " . *Q`! g U XH~
"#H uiy K_H _^ . J` hO =Ò (h"~@ OH_^ ). "i g^
~q ~K^ hO g^ _ ~q ~ k. "i q<H~ xO
" ~k.
(O ) L^ ". WH Z~` =~ ^ . (81)
P Ò` = P[ =K~k. JC_ "= @}x J=~`~
Hk ` H~^ K~. P =~_`# =>O ^x g^ L^$ `~Q
Hi~K=. J~^x u O h = ^QO QO "|_~k.
W~> tH ÔO" Y
i J=~a~z#iH Z~` Ô~ ^ . (82,83)
=^<*u [ ^QO H "i Ô _ +Sx (=HQ xq~z)
~O. J`# ("ix ^= =O~ " ) W J<_: ''< *u[O!
UHH ^=_ (=`" ) POk~K~_. P# ` gH =OPO^ ^= ~ _ .
`xH, H` (O H) `y~ z W=H~_. <h OA gO =~z u
L~_@~ K< #. Hx (g "Y
i WQ H#y`) O g g^ J~^s
K@ => P^ qOKH _= Kx
_ `<#. (84)
H#H <~Q O
# H=<` iQ `z, Hez W=~_.
[H O=# O H `y~ z "iH #+~ Hey~KH~ _. H~ H,
H ~ Hu uOQH ~ _. (JH= O# H<) ^=_ k~K (H=)
P^" gH +" # k, gO x*fO ~` (^~`< `$K
~ ê).
U"# >H <# gg^ H=e_Q Hx@Hx L~_# . (85,86)
4. WH_ Jj K+
~> *u~O ~ Jx JO~ . `*u *u~OxH
J"@ _~ k. "O
# =ê O+ "~@ _ O. "i @}
xH J~^" #
=H Z=~< = K, i ^Qi H O Q` O. "ix D K+
#~_ H__
xH ` (J) K# ` e ~K ^ . z=iH ^=_ P *ux tH~ K_xH `#
^`# ~_. "~ =#HO~ ` (J) W~>H Ju^ Q =KO.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(11. ^)
267
^xH "i J<O: ''+S! = `` =``

H~ #~_ =#
D ^ # POk~K_~ "= =#H"? = ^< x = W+ z#@
YO @H < JkHO~ H_^ =H? W^< hO# hH <O `#k?
(= J~î) ^ q, <OQ qq hH_" qy= H! (87)
''ÔO! H Pz~K~_. <# < = ^= (W~`H
=~^ #~K) XH xÔ #~ (J~Ò` ^< *u) Hey L<#. P
P# <H =~z Lk5 H_ J#Q ~K_. J~@C_ <# g =O
q#`, Jqhu # Z #Q#? <# q=e U K_ #~z
i< H ^ ~ H^.
<# <H K`<#~` =OH iu KHk^x q<#. J` <#
K ^KH#^~` ^=x ^ ^H}
g^ PÔ_ L~k. P< <#
#=H<#. u ==O~# <# P# " H =O`#. (88)
< *u[O! <H =uOH~ Q gO J=~a~z# D =O` ~,
"~_ "YOe K~> z=iH #, ^, e *` =z
_# @=~> tH
(L^) g H_ qOKH_` " Jx~k.
J~> Ôu @ H_^ =! `*u(H ># Ôu ) gH~` Ô~
^ . (D =^ H~H< ) ^=_ H= } HOHx P# " =O~_. x~^ ~Q <
= Z~` ^ = _ . P #H ` # ^ @ JO
=a=<<6 J~@ +S "iH `^ ~ K_. (89,90)
''+S! h= K> K =@ =H
JO" H=_~ ^ .
h= =H |#_qQ Hx< =. (hH =^` Q) h |~^ =O" Q#H
H #@` "= ZC_ x# O` H> K~O. ==e
ZÔ< J~` H hH ^ J<O "O. (91)
5. Lk J< ^~ WH_ r=<k, PO~, ` *#~, kq+$u (=) Jx
q$ Ò~ L y~K|_~k.
6. [` L=O (Ol) H^# ~ HO~ XHi ^= =H (~ ) xkH H~Ô
^ Mn `|_O . i XH H_ L~k. P `# a _ ` =_~` f=
P~^#_ ` Z#x =`$==HO~`, Hx~z# u K~>
_ Q~_H `
Hx `y~ _k. ^= =H () P"# J#K~ K ''D è `# a_#
`# ` xCH qO
Q^? Jx J_QO. ^xH O ''J Z#>H
K^. Q xC _`~> K P" _ H_~^H u~k
J<O. JC_ ^= =H () ''^=_ `# ^ H#|iK ^ , *e D `# a_
HO| iK ^ , *e H< Z~` Z=Q L~> Jx èO. (|Mi, =O )
268
(11. ^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''ÔO! g HH ^=x H~> < |~^=O" H=~`"#kQ

Hx#^? (< |~^=H` _O Qx) ^=_ =`~ iQ
=kO! XH q+~ QO~KH~_, gO K# ## < =
Q=x< L<_. (P# @ #~_ gO#_ ` ~KHO .) (92)
ÔO! (O), gO gû HO~ #_KH~_. <# <û
HO~ #_KH~>#. Z=i J==#HO" # tH =z_ `~^, Z=O
J` "^ Ò< gH è`~k. (^xH~) gO ZÔK_~_,
g`@ <# ZÔK# J<_ +S (`k KiH K ) . (93)
z=iH = P[ =K~k. JC_ "= = J#QO` +Sx,
J`x` @ q~z#"ix OH~ K=. J<~, JH=H _#
ÔO
Ju f="# q@~ qOKH_~ k. ^~` "O `= W~_
<
_ O <#=O. J "OH _ Z#_ x=~K< ^# @ ` O
*=# Z~> K#~ H ~_ x[~Q _L
~_O. q#~_, =^
[ q~ |_#@ =^<[ H_ Ô~Q q~ |_O . (94,95)
"= =H (=H x=HxH ~|~k~z#) +" # =},
xÔ <ez O < =^H , J`x JkHO =^H ~~K~. Hx O < P^~
=~[~Q H < J`x *u[ J`x P^< >~KO.

k<# J`# `# *u[H (<H` ~=~z) =~^=~^Q L~>_.
Pq^~ Q J`# `#<`$ `~ "ix #OHxH fH _ . "O KO H< ^ ~
Z~` K_ ^ ~ ! "i@ ~ K~# ~ K|_O J@ O
H~#
~ K|_Ò. "iH a~K u
~ Z~` ^+ u
~!! (96-99)
Wq Hx [#^ Ki`HQ ^
. g>x "= hH qx< O. J [#
^ Hx W>H ([iy# @#H H `~Q) xezL<. =i
Hx =~Q `_z @H . "= iH J<~ K ^ .
"O P`=~K#H _ P^ Hx`KH<O. ^=x P[ =z#C_,
^=_ =ê "O l =z# q^^ "iH U=`~ L Q_
^ . Jq "iH q<~, q^ ~ `z>. (100,101)
h = U^< ÔO @}
x @^
KH~> P# @ WQ
L~@~k. x[~Q P#@ K Hi# ~Q, ^HO~ Q L~@~k. O
H
tH Qi~z
_ iH W~^ Z~` Q}O~ L~k. J^H (xs`) k#~.
POA =#=~` ="==Ò. POA [iQ qh J~î H
=~^ L~>. ^x fHO=_xH ""~` P~ K _~ ^ .
Ju ==k =`" ^xH~ xO
~K|_~k. (102-104)
POA U XHiH <O"k Ô ~ H_ L~_^ , ^=x J#=u`
Y~P< "=$Ò
(11. ^)
269
U^< H~K~ =#q K H=_~ ` . POA H~Ô ÔQ L~>O.

=iH~Ô Q=~` L~>O. (105)
ÔQ #OHxH Ò. (JH_ f=# "_, ^~ =) O
OC`, OA` U_, _| _`~>O. h = =O^~ <
è ` O P u < =H#~` =OH _= ~>O. x~
^~Q h = `# `KH# uh KQ =O_, OH
=~`_. `, Q=~` =`~ OxH "O . h = =O^~ <
è ` O O~ < =H#~` =OH (Y~Q) L~>O.
"iHH _ Z#>H Z_`Q x |=< a. (106-108)
H#H =H! "O POk # ">x Qi~z h= U=`~ ~^ ~KH .
O~ `= ``=``
Z (Q_Q q^^ #) POk L~_O
gO H_ JQ POk < O. "= "iH O=# HO
~ "iH iQ
Wz "~. J~^ Z~> HO` K =. (109)
"= nxH O~ =H H_ (k=)Q~^~ k~KO. (D Q~^~
q+ ~ Q) ^x q+ ~ H_ (` uOO) J ~Ò =
nO. h = " # XH=@ =~^ xO
~K|_HL
~> (W) J ~`
O =n i ~Qu ZC_ è" |_ L~_k. "O
^x Qi~z
~^ ~, ~kQ _ O. h = "iH ` H~_ "i HO
~
Wz"_. x~^~Q P# "i KOx>h Q=x<_. (110,111)
H#H h=, J=O~ =ê =z# h J#KO gH=|_# P[
HO~ <O~ O~Q L~_~_. ^gi =i~KH~_. gO K#
^~` g = F H~@ Q=x< L<_. P ÔO" U=`~
"QH ~ _. J K gO (H_) #OHyH q^
Ò. ^=x @ #~_
H_~^H gH Z~> `_Qx, ~OHH _Qx, H_Qx
a~K_ . (112,113)
W~H q#~_. Q>" P^~` (L^~, ~`~), Ou"
H~K~ =~ Q_z
# Ò` O# K ~_. x~^ ~Q Ò
Ô# xOe. J#i~K"i H~ W^H `^. (H+H ~)
#~ =~K~_. ^KO u
O ^=_ Z#>H =$^K _. (114,115)
=i gH O=~_# *` [e ~ K~ H ~ Hu~ K
H~_ xOk~K ~ a+ Z~^H O ? XH" J~> O<
|Hk=~k =`" L<O. "ix "= P*` i #~_ H_O.
ÔO =`~ QQ è_` ~H~ HOH
O. [ ~O
=~z # K ~ > ^=_ "i @}
#
270
(11. ^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Z#>H J<~Q <#~ K _. ^=_ J~>"_ H^. (116,117)

h = `KH~> =` =#ox XH *uQ, XH =^~
Q K_. Hx iC_ qa# ^` J#i< O. i h =
HO}~z#O =`" J=OxH Ô~Q =H~>O. D x
(KO} Kxz sH~K_~) H" P# =#=e $+~K_.
=#=`, l#` #OH~ x~#x h = J#=> (Dq^~ Q) <O
"O `~k. (118,119)
==^ (~ )! Wq ^= =H
Q^
. hH =<|~ KH O_xH
g>x q=i< ~. D Q^
Ô hH = =~# q+ *#~ a~z~k.
J@ qH `^ ~ , Q}O H_ L<. q~Kx"iH
W K: ''gO g ^` HO" #_K H~_. "= = ^`
HO~ #_KH~>=. O=#~ H~ gO ZÔ K_~_ "=
ZÔK~ >=. (120,121)
=H xH = L# =~ ^=x Jn#~< L~k. H
==O z=iH P# ^Qi H KO H= L~@~k. H#H ==^

(~ )! h= P< POk~K. P# g^ O~ ". gO K # ^~`
^=_ Q=x< L<_. (122,123)

7. K_ e JiH@_ ~ , =~zx OK_~ , ~ ~O} HOH= K@
_ ~
=~ qk. =~ D# K H~_ HO _ ` O H_ ~ K~
^= tH KqK_= =~ k. nx Qi~z ^= =H (~ ) W k~KO:
''< J#KO =[O ZC_` k# (Ô)H}
K@K H~>
JC_ ^x P^
O=_~ "^=`. (H~Ô D=@ qx) 'J` ^= =H!
P H}
Uq>? J#_QO. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) Dq^~ Q qKO:
(1) ` P
# ~` P
Q iQ}~ K_~ . (2) J=#` ( Ô K
_ xH
Jy~z# `) # =~` (=Qh =`)Q `K_~ . (3) (^ PiH H#)
[H` ^< x [i=<Q q~K_~ . (4) O `#OH q^
_ =_~. (5) H_H
`# è @
Jq^
_ =i~K_~ . (6) =x+ `# `H =`" " K,
(7) `# `~_ Ô# ~ K _~. (8) =^ Ji K _~. (9) XH *ux
J`~` hK_ P*uH <H_ =_~. (10) =H
x K_ H
_ [#~ J`_
QOq~K_~ . (11) =` Ô# |O~Q~Q qxy~K_~ . (12) O+ @
= î~K_~. (13) ~w` ^# J=~a~K_~. (14) QHO#
=" OK
_ ~ . (15) J> [ `= sH# x~k~K_~ , ^+~K_~ .
H#H D H}
K@K H <O~a~KQ< [ WH Z"
^= tH H~
ZÔK_e =~k. D tH ZO> Qe^=O~ O~#< O=K, ^
H~~ O}< O=K, ^ |` (xO~) H =z#@ =M
qH$`~Q =i " tH
< O=K. (uil)
Y~P< "=$Ò
J=Ò}
: =H
(12. )
12.
271
H: 111
D J^~ iQ =H (J) Q^ L#~^# nxH O

=z~k. Wk H_ #|gH~ z=i ~=Ò~ J=ì~z#@ `~k. P<_ =H
|^ O^H | ^ ^~` ^= =H ==^ (~ )# sH~ K
_xH (J ) =$`~`~ è* =x J_QO.
D H^ [` (J)x P# =uÔ K~_xH H@
#Ò. ^=_ P H@# Q ~K z=iH x Dl ~AQ K_ . JQ
[` ==^ (~ )x H_ P# |~^ = K~_xH uO . ^=_ i
`# ==K ==^ (~ )# z=iH =` JOaH O*k<` Q
K_ . (J ) O*k<` J# `~ "` `# Ô # Hq O . JQ
==H ==^ (~ ) H_ =H q[~ Ò "` Mn Q @|_# |^
qOê `~ HqO. J~^= =H YO+ Q^ #~K<
Q}O~ Q ~z W~=uOH HOH =#H~>O" #x ^=_ D J^
~ (J ) =$`~`x Z~` q=O~Q è*_.
JnQH =h ==^ (~ ) xOHO H=_~` @ < , Dl
^ [iy# Ki`H ~ @#e Qi~z U=`~ èxO. J~> =H <@
D Ki`HQ ^ W~` q=O~Q "=_~^~> P# ^= =H # x |^ O^H
XCHe. D q^~ Q =h ==^ (~ )x ^= =HQ xO~K_xH_
Q^# q~K=# J=O~ UO_~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Je-~-O. Wq `x +~Q è* Q~^xH K~k#
H. "= nx O# Q~^~Q K, q+x JO~ KH=_xH
gQ JOc + J=ì~* =. (1,2)
==^ (~ )! h ^QO H ~`# D O# Q~^~ (YOP<) Ô
"= KH > e hHH Ô Q^ qx~K`<S. nxH O~ (DQ^)
hH=`~ è^. (3)
(`# ~ Qi~z q) =>_# ~Ô ~ : JC_`#
`# `~_` ''<<! <<H HQ<#. J~^ ^H ~_ #H `, O_,
K~^_ <H ~Q}=~ K#@ Hx~K J<_. (4)
''J` |! D H Qi~z h J# ^QO =`~ q~KH . J
K "O hH =uOH~Q U^< H@ #=K. x~^~Q +`<
=#=x |O~Q `=. O, (h= HQ#@) Pq^~ Q< [OQ`~k. h
= (XH =HO~ H~) x# Z~KH<_. J~^H P# hH
q+`è Òz K_Q q+ *#~ k_. Q`~ =#
272
(12. )
Y~P< "=$Ò
^
# W~, W MH h = Z =Q J#Q ~K_
JQ WC_ hH, Y ~`<xH H_ =Q J#Q _ .
x~^ ~Q h = O *x, = q"H= ~`_ J<_ Y. (5,6)
t~K"iH , J`x Ô Q^
Q K#<. (7)
JC_`x Ô O O~ W H_|H<O:
''=#=~` XH [@Q L< (U~ ~ ?) =# `~_H =#g^ H~>
g^, J`x `=_ g^< ZH= ==HO~ L~k. J =#
<#H (= Q g^_ @
~ =) =u q ~z~k. (J~K` =#~ U^
XH> ` He.) ^~ _, x K~"^ ~, ^ ZH_< fHo
O^~ Q@ KC _ HH~_. JC_ g `~_ g " =O`_. D
xH =yH =#~ (Ug ZOQ# @) =~zQ Hx~Ke. (8,9)
D =@ qx "i XH_ W J<_: ''x K~=^. ^xH
|^ J`_ ezHo U^< _|_ q _" ^ ~. J@Q @O
Z=O< =, "O J`_ |>H y fHO. (10)
Dq^~ Q fOx~KH# Ò` "O `= `~_ ^QO H o W J<O:
''<<! gO q+ ~ ==e #=Oq>? x[~Q "=
J`x a+=x K|`<~Q! O = "~@ ~~_ J`_ . Jg
Wg H H Q P_H~>_. J`_ ^~Q KH=_xH "=
^Q~ L~>~ H^! (11,12)
(J< YH "i g^ #=H~ HÔ
^ .) ''gi`_ fH _~
<H K ^Q L~k. gO g x _ J*Q`Q L~> g_ U `_
u< ~ ^" #x <H
~Q L~k J<_`# . (13)
''"=~` H [@Q ^QO#>H J`_ `_ u<~^~> WH
"= Z~^H xHOx ^^= # =@ J<O O. (14)
W O @|> J`_ `="~@ fH O. O`_ _|_ q
_"
x =~^ xO
~KH<O. H#H "=`xH kq+$u Ô
''giH `= K+
O =#~ Uq> uQ è^. Hx h= "iH "i
xOH~ Qi~z ZuK O*H> ` H~_ =~ ^x è*O. (15)
POA ~`~ "O k=~@ `= `~_ ^QiHz W
J<O: ''<<! "= O Q~^~ L~_, x = =# ^QO
=ê>O. J~` ZH_~K XH `_ =z J`_ pe u<~ k. B#
<<! "= x[~ K < gO = =@ #"@@ O . (16,17)
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273
"O KH g^ |@H <` >

= OH
fHKO.
Y "i =@ qx ''H^, (J~Qu JkH^.) gO^ H^J
e
K|`<O. O Hx=~_. <# nx =#~Q i #. gOe# D H@H^
zH =_ #~z |@_~> ^=x " Ji~Ke J<_. (18)
J@ H~Ô @O =KO. "O `= h> <HOx h H~
~OKO. h> <HO q K^ =^Q< ''Z~` J^$+~! WH_ XH
J îH_ (=#H) J<_ ~`+~` aQOQ. (P Ò`)
x "O "O =yQ q~z ^KH<O. O K # ^q>
^=xH Q `. z=iH "O Hx H H~ J`_ Ju Ô H
Jq"O. J`x Ô q+ ~ "O ^Q P @H^ . (19,20)
Dl
J`_ H# =H (W~>Ho ) `# O` ''D Jx =#~
Q KHe. W`# =#H (q +`
) L Q_ = K. ^ =#~
W`_ H_HQ << K H~^~ J<_. D qÔ Q "= (P)
Ô ~ _ iu HeOz, J`xH ==~^H ` QiOz# tH}
~@
KO. ^=_ `#`z# x Kf ~`_. Hx K=OkH D q+ O
è^. H= H KO H<H "=`xH x~
Hx , *<x
k~K~. W "= $^ H u
~ J#Q ~. (21,22)
J`# x= # W~> P W~>q_ J`_ =OQ` `#"
PH@H=_xH u~Ky~k. FOA P" ` = 'O,
=K J#k. ''JKO~! JKO~!! <# ^=x O} HO`<#. <
#?) J~>
=1 <H =~zu He~K_. (<h xH Z _Q
ÔO Z#>H ~ HO J<_ . (23)
J#>H P" f="# HiH` J`x " Oy~k. `#
= K# `= K_H` J`# H_ f="# HiH` P" "
Hk"_. "=`_ K_ H, JjxH Ô~ L~Kê KO. H#HJ`< K+H
=_Q@

^ . x~^ ~Q J`# "= ` H~Q Z~KH# ^_. (24)
z=iH , J`x "#H P WÔ O y_` ` ^QO H
KO H<O. P" "#H_ J`x KH (y) z~~k. J~`
` ^QO "iÔ (O`Q ) P" O H~@_O .
P" `# O # K_Q< ''^+ ~ H~` h We "~@_ "_H tH
Uq>? J~> "_ *
_"
_" H Hi# `#H QiK _"
` =O tH HQ` ~k? Jx J#k (`<~ ZOQ# @ #> ) . (25)
1. WH_ < =~> < x[ =, +H _, [=x J# ^=_x JO~ .
274
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Y~P< "=$Ò
^xH "~@< =^#q ''J D" ## = " H

=_xH u~z~k J<_.
JC_ P H @~| XH`# (=^ =iQ) =~^H =z
'' KH Q#H =~^ Q~ zxy=~> D" Kk x[~, J`#
Kk J|^~. XH" J`x KH "#H Q~ zxy=~> =`~ D"
Kk J|^~ . J`# Kk x[~ J=`~k Jx fiK_. (26)
P" O K KH "#H Q" zxy L~k. ^~` J`#
(=~__ `) ''W=h gP_ <Q. x[~Q g<Q K
~
HO~ Q L~>. ! D q+ x hq~`>` =Oz. WH h~Qu# J ^+q. O K# `C H H= }< K H J<_. (27-29)
(D "O
HiK "~z~k.) #QO~ x (Q~>)

D q+ =~ O O~ Ki~KH~@ ''(=#) =~uQi O `# x
HO_ "~@ _~ ^@! (~) ""~ P"# J^ ` K~ k. Hx
=# ^$+
=@H Pq_ ^ ` K~k Jx KC HQO. (30)
D @Hi=@ (P<> D<> H) z=iH P Kq H_
_. P" "ix e~z P#_k~_` XH ="~ UO@ K~ k.
q~^ (~_ O` @) u XHi =~^ F Hu H_ L~z~k.
(O u~^=x iQ ~_ H# =~) P" x "i
=~^H O=x Q K~k. ( H Qk#~z O`Q "i
=~^H =z x|__ .) J`x g^ ^$+ _Q _
J<O J `~Q. (31)
"~@< =~uO W J#k: ''KOQ! < Qi~z gO U" KC
H<O. P=H W`<. <# x[~Q< W`_ <" uCH=_xH u~K.
Hx ` ~KHx |@__ . (U"< O) W`# <=@ q#H` =`~
*
O J==#~ KqK_= =~ k. (32)
JC_ (^" x "_ H~@) '' ! gO <#~_ HO`#
^xH~> <H *
tH W+~ . h= ## gi <Q #~_ ` ~KH ` <#
gi = zHHx =_ Ki =^=~k Jx J<_. (33)
J`x = J`x "OH~z J`_ P
H@ #~_ H__.
x~^ ~Q P< "Oe PH~K"_, =~ Ziy#_. (34)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(12. )
275
"O ( Z~> p_, `=

Z~> Ô_` HO
">H KOk#) +" # xÔ < KO. J< "O`_ H~`H~ *

L~K# xO
xH =KO. (Pq^~ Q *
_.) (35)
*
J`x`@ =OWÔ x KOO. FOA "iî XH_
''<# Ou O ~_`#@ HQ<# J<_. O~__ ''<# H
Q<#. PH < `g^ Hx O>
L<. ">x H u#Q
J<_. P `~` "iÔ (x L^t ~z) ''K gO Ô `Q
Hx< O. H = H Q_O~ Uq> K ~_ Jx J_QO. (36)
''gHH _ a~K [#~ OH=~^ <# g H Q_O~ K|`#.
Wk <H < = <i# q^. <# ^=_, O
Hx q~Kx uOO
^` =ê =# ^
# W~, W M, Y =O~ J#i
<#. ^=xH WÒ e >He ~K_~ <q^#~ H^. (=#e `#H `
=O=iH ^Q K^~>) Wk x[~Q =#, =` =#"o
^" #Q ". Hx K=~k H$`[` K_~ ^ J<_ . (37,38)
''< Mn O! H Pz~K~_. =#H K=~k (zO) ^=
L~_@~ =~z^ H J~î PkH` Hey=# XH J L~_@~
=~z^? Px =ê gO UU ^ # POk < O J=h gO, g
``=`` @H# Hx O =`". "> H~ ^=_ Z~>
=}~ ~^ . <kHO~ ^=xH ` =O=iH ^ . P# `##
` =O=ih POk~KH _^x ~K_. W^ ~~ # r=#=O~ . Hx
K=~k (D Ôx) Q ~K_~ ^ . (39.40)
''< Ô Mn O! WC_ g H Q_O~ K|` q#~_. g
XH_ `# =H (J~> Dl KH=iH) O `y_. O~__
LiH~|~ ZHO. H J`x `# _z _z u~>. (J~`)
gO_y # H =^< a~K. (41)
P Ò` "iî * #~z q_^ H`<_x
è# =H` ''h = (Dl KH=i) ^QO < Qi~z H q~K
J<_. Hx +`< J`_ =O~ * _. J`< q+ ~ `# = ^QO
q~K_~ =Oz_. ^~` J<H ~=Ò *<
L~_= =z~k. (42)
XH OA KH=i (`# ^`) W J<_: ''Ou <<H H
Q<#. J~^ U_ |e# P=# U_ |HzH# P= u< < .
JQ ^# ~|~^ # U_ K >"# , U_ Z~_#"# L<.
276
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H#H Ô! gH =~ è < ~x Q_O~ Uq>

H q=i~K~_. ^xH ^ ''Wq _H
H ~|~k~z# q+ .
W~> H Q_O~ =H è^ Jx =^#qKO. (43,44)
JC_ WÔ Mn q_^# =HH K H~ Ò` ()
~Qu QOH z~k. J`# # L^t ~z ''<#gH ^xQ_O~ K|`#.
## H *
^QO H " _xH J#=u~K~_ J<_. (45)
(OAQi J#=u a~KH) J`# "o ''! `~ =s
q ~z# =#!! <H H Qi~z# Q_O~ Uq> H KC . U_
|e# P=# U_ |HzH# P= u< < . U_ K > "#,
U_ Z~_#"# L<. nxJO~ Uq> Ka` <# "o "iH è
*#. ^x= "O x# (h q=#) Qi~K=K Jx J<_. (46)
JC_ ( =~ q=i) W J<_: ''gO U_~_ @
xO~Ò~Q ==~ KO . P H~ ~_ ~@ H~` ~@#
gO u~_H~ "_Hx qQ` ~@# "> "#< L~K~_. P`~`
=O U_~_ @ iu K Ô}~Q L~@~k. P u gO H_
@H # ^#~ (Q) u#=K. XH" U^< qye` gO Ô K
H#^ qQ`~k. P Ò ` +~Q =O Hi ~=Ò~ =~ k.
P ~=Ò~ [ (, ~_O ~ ) Q ~_Ò. (47-49)
KH=i D H Q_O~ q# Ò ` J`_ `# ^QO H fHO=x
P^t~K_. Hx O[^` ^QO H " J`x J<_: ''=~^
h= h = ^QiHo K` HH# ~Q`q> H J_yO. <
=H =`~ P l`
=i
~Qu Q `. (50)
KH=i D =@ qx (P
# e~K_.) "i` ''gO x
=O Q_xH u~z#C_ g J#= ~ Uq>? Jx J_Q_.
^xH P
~` ''^= ^=! J`x "= K_ H ~|~k~z# K H_
K_^ Jx =HH ~ O~ ` eHO.
JC_ =~uO (=~^H =z) ''WC_ x[~ |@_~ k. J`_
= " H=_xH u~z# ^x <<. J`# =`~ p_. J~^
Z~> ~^ ~ ^ Jx K ~k. (51)
(O[^` Ô D =$`~`~ qx) W J<_: ''D J_Q
_~ < L^~ XH>. =~uQO W~> #C_ <<#H #=H
^~ `@^x P#H èe. x*xH P #=H ^xH
_O . "i H@# ^=_ U=`~ Qx=_x "O `He.
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277
<# < P`kx Qi~z Q KCH=_~ ^. < = HO}

Q~ a ` =# ZC_ K_ "H iQ`~k.2 x~
^ ~Q < = Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (52,53)
KH=i (O[^`# P^t) ''J`_ < ^QO H KH O. <#`_
(P~Ò~ yH HOîQ) <H~ ` H~KH~># J<_.
(O[^` x KHK_.) J`x` KH=i =>_# Ò`
''WC_ gH =^QO ^, QO=u+<. g x*f =H
#=H=~k J<_. ''J` ^ X#Oh <Hy~K~_. <# ">x
H_`#. <^QO `y# *#~u H_ L~k J<_ . (54,55)
Dq^~ Q "= P ^~ #H~ =O~ Q=~ KO.
J`xC_ OkHi. P ^~ J`# `# HOH# K@ =O~
UOOK HQ_. "= `KH#"iH = HO}Q~ kO. =
^QO [# Ò
~ i~K_~ [OQ^ . `x q~z ^=x @
H
` rq`~ Q_ iH O
H u
~ (W~`H~ >) Z~` +" # k.
(P Ò ` H<H) Ô Dl ^xH =KO. "O
(`= HOk H~) J`x ^QO H "O. J`# "ix "~@< QO >
_ .
"O =`~ J`_ QO @

H O. (5658)
"iH~ "i=y UO@K~z# Ò`, "ix Q
#~` ''(=Oi ZC_< =) g =O Ô _ < ^QO H fHO~_.
KO H^, <<~ ` <~Q (^#~) Hez WK<, Z~` =~z Pu^ O
WK<? gO Q#H J`_ fHOH` =`~ gH <^QO Z~> ^#~
a~K^ . JnQH gO < î^H_ OO Jx J<_. ''O, =
`~ "= K=. = <#QO J`_ ~_xH XC H~> "=
` H~_ fH= J<O "O. (5961)
`# =He ez ''"O ^#~ fHx =#Hz# ^< x
O ~Q "i =y L# Q`~ >
~_ Jx z~K_. W K
_xH HO}~ "O W~>H "o, ^#~ fHx `=Hz# ^<x QO
_Ox , ^~` "O =m (DlH ) O=Kx Pt~K_. (62)
Ô (^~ KOHx) `= `~_ ^QiHo ''<<! WH
=~^ =#H "O ^#~ W==x KO. J~^= gO = `=_
="~@ ~~_. "= (=m) ^#~ fH=. J`_ "= ^~Q
KH~>O Jx J<O. (63)
2. q=OH 89:27 H ^ zHx 2= O K_~_.
278
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''W`x q+ ~ <# q=e Z #=e? W~`H =~^ W`x

J# q+ ~ #q#@ #=? ^=_ =`" =~z OHH _. P#
J~î H< Z~` HO }=_ H_ J<_ i `~_. (64)
P `~ "` O `= =yQ` qKO. J~^ L# ^# ~
K, `= ^< x uiy Wz"# @ H#Q<O. ^x K_Q< O (Z~`
~|O_`) ''<<! WkQ K_~_! = (=)^#~ H_ =H
uiyKO. J~`H~ > =#H~ He!! Di "= =m =# H@~
xH (i_) ^#~ Ò. = `=_ H_ *Q`Q KH~>O.
J^#~Q "= =OH X~> (") ^<x H_ `K HQ~. J^#~Q
J~` ^#~ =#H ~ Q a ~ k Jx J<O. (65)
''gO ` H~_ (OH` ~ Q) < ^QO H uiy fH=x ^=x g^
=}~ K#~`=OH <# W`_ g "~@ ~#. Ô^$+=`
gOH _< zHH~>, Jk "~ q+ ~ J<_ i `~_.
^~` "O~` ^=xg^ =}~K JQ "Q#~KO. JC_`#
''(QO~ KH~_) =#~ KC H# D q+ xH ^=_ H J<_. (66)
P `~` J`# D q^~ Q L^t ~K_: '' a_
O! Dl O[^x
XH Ô~ Q~_ HH~_ qa# Ô Q~_ "t ~K~_. J` qk
xO~ (Z L~^Qx ^x) #~z =`~ <# q=e H_#.
(=` q~) ^=x P[ ` =O=i P* xK ^. P< <#
#=H<#. #=H =#"O P< #=He. (67)
`~_ L^~ HO" O (Dl "o) qa# Ô Q~_
#QO~ "t ~KO. J` (=~^ *Q` H~) J`# z~z# H
qkxO
~ =~^ Z~^H xHOH~_ ~k. HH` Y `#
$^ ~ "^`# ~HKx Ô~ K H=_xH `#=~` `~
K_. U< J`# Q *#~#_. "=`xH q+* #~ k~KO.
Hx K=~k (Ôx) Q ~KO . (68)
"O ("`~g^) ^QiH KOH<O. "i `#
(~`)`=_ K@Q `# ^QOH e~KHx ''<# h(`#)
J##. WC_ h= "i K+
# Qi~z ^ _ # =O~ ^ Jx Ô ~
K_. (69)
P Ò` "iH~ (^#~, `kÒ) =y UO@
K~K_. P =~ J`# `# y< <H^x `# `=_ =#
L# Q`~ >~ K_ O ~Q.
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(12. )
279
H>H JiK"_H_ (O[@_) O`Q ''@OO!

(PQ~_) gO ^~Q Jx JiK_. (70)
"O "#H uiy ''g == U^< ~^? Jx J_QO. (71)
''OAQi y< XH> =H Hx~K_~ ^ J<O O*^Q.
''^x `zK"xH XH X~> (") |=#~ W=. J W~K
^ ` <k (J<_ i ^ # O*^y). (72)
''^= H! "g ^~ J[_ $+~ K_xH O^ . "= ^~Q`<
K~ H=. D~Qu gH_ Q ` J<O O#^=.
''O, g=@ J|^= x è` ^~QH tHq >? O*^Q J_QO.
''(#) == Z=i =y ÔH`~^ J`_ tHQ g ^QO
(xQ K Hx) @H~_. J~> ÔO
H = O[~ qk~K tH
W^ J<O "O. (7375)
JC_ `# `=_ =y ~z "`H _ xH =~^Q i
=y ~K "uH_. Ò ` `# `=_ ~z "uH J~^ #~z
# == x |>H f_.
D q^~ Q "= = H` H ~ K=. O[Ô ~
(OKiH K@~ ) HO~ `# `=_ @H=_~ (=~> ^= H x )H
a~K^. XH" P q^~Q [OQx ^=_ xO Jk "~ q+~.
"= `KH# "iH "i, J~`
# L#`~ KO. *#~u

J~îh q~z# XH (J^`) *#~#_ L<_. (76)
JC_ =uÔ (# O[== `= =~`=_
~z #~_ |_@~ K) ''W`# ^~Q`< xH __~ > J~^
PO~ Ug ^ . W~`H =~^ W`x J# () H_ WQ ^~Q`
<xH X_Q>
_ Jx J<O (J`).
D=@ qx =# Hx < kQq~Q_. = ~ i
=~^ @H~_ ''gO~` K_! (<=~^) < DJx~^ "
`<O? ^x x*x*q> ^=xH Q ` J<_. ("eQ) (77)
O*kf ! J`x `~_ K =$^_ _. J~^= gO J`xH
|^ = XH_ L~KH~_. K gO K OHi, ^ =
_ Hx<O J<O O `. (78)
''(J~> JH=û #~_) "= ^=x O}
HO`<O. Z=i ^Q~
280
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= == îH~^ J`_ =ê =OH_ Z L~KH~\O? J K

"= ÔO
Ki#@=`~k J<_ . (79)
^~` O xOK~ k XH =H "o O O~ ~k~KHQO.
JC_ "i J~îH~> ^ _ `# Jax W "e|K_:
''g `~_ gK` ^=x O` =}~ K~z# ~Qu gH
è~^. W~`H O~ q+ ~ gO K# Ô< H_
QO~ _L~>. <# <`~_ J#=u W=#~`=OH WH_~z O<O#.
^ <q+ ~ ^=_ U^< iO~ K e. P# J~îH~> q#Q
iO~ K_. H|> gO "o g <#QiH W K ~_:
''<#QO! g (=^) H_H ^~Q`#~ K_. "= =`~
J`# ^~Q`# ~ K ~ _Q K_^ . "= K|`#^ =H è#~Qu.
JQKO q+ "= Q=x~K= H^! H~> "= "z#
#QO~x [e J_Q~_. =`@ =z# @Oe H_ J_y
K_~_. "= K|`#k ==>H x[~. (80-82)
(P Ò ` "O ^xH uiy "o `= `~_H [iy# =$`~`~
q=i~KO.) Jk qx Y (f= =#xH QO) W J<_:
''H^, (J ~Qu JkH^.) =m gO^ H^ Je K|`<O. O
Hx=~_. nx H_ <# =#~Q i#. ^=_ O~^s < ^QOH
fHO=K. J~^ PO"g ^. P# O~ Ziy#_,
=H O _. (83)
D q^~Q K J`# i" #~_ =Y~ uCHx ''J
! J~@ ^ _ Q_. (~!) J`# < Hqe` H~y
Q_. ^x= J`x H r=H H e. (84)
H_H (J`x iu K) ''J ^! gO WQ ZC_
< `KH~@ ^_`~> [|_Ò. ^ (P [|`
z=iH) } H_ H=K J<~. (85)
''<# < ^ Qi~z ^=x` ` Z=i`# KC H=_~ ^ . ^=_
Qi~z <H è#~` gH è^. <#O! "o Qi~z,
J`x `=_ Qi~z POf~_. ^=xHO}~ @ xOK~ ^H~ _. ^=x
HO}~@ Jq =`" xOK~ ^Ò J<_ Y. (86,87)
"O =m ^QOH "O.
''O*kf ! "=, = O
^ P^
zHH<O. =
^QO @|_ `H =Q L~k. (ZQ< Di H_) =H ^#~ (H>)
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281
iQ W~K~_. (==e HxHi~z) ^#~ K~_. ^#~ KiH

^=_ =~z u~ k_ J<O O (ii q^ =#q
K H~@). (88)
(WH L~_|@H ) ''gO J*<~^H O~ _ @,
J`x `=_ @ Z =i~KO gH" < QO~ ^? Jx J_Q_. (89)
D =@ qx O LeH_ ''Uq>! #= !? J<O.
''B#, <# <. W`# < `=_. ^=_ =HO` "
K_. H~ ^~~QLO@, (H+H ~) #~ =~K [#
^=x ^QO J<~ [OQ^. i u~ Z#>H =$^^ J<_
. J_ "~ ''^=H! ^=_ gH =H~> ZH= B#`~
k~K_. "= x[~Q `~ J<O. (90,91)
''DOA gQi~z Z~> PO}, PH }
=. ^=_ q=e
Hq ~KQH! P# Z~` ^ =_. WH " ~_. WkQ <KH fHo
< `~_ =Y~ "~_. P#H K uiQ~k. g O
"`~ H@~x < ^QO H KHO~_ J<_ . 92,93)
@O |$~^~ (Dl #~z) |î~k. JC_ (H<<
L#) "i `~_ (JxOKh=~# L`~ "e|K`) ''<H
H ~|~k~z# # U^ =# @x~k. <# =e`#~
=uq ~z W J~@<#x gO#H=K. (Hx Wk x[~) J<_. (94)
''J ^"! gi~H J^ z L<O J<O`x H@~|
P`~` H<H O `K _ =K_. OQ< J`#
KH f Y =Y~ "_. J~`, YH K =K~k.
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=~^x)? gH èx q+ < ^=x Ò # <H ` J<_.
''<#QO! "= x[~Q `~. = =x~ H~
^=_ i~K~_ J<O "O#^=~` =HH ~ O~ `. (9597)
''g H= } H~ <# < = xk (` H~_) "_ H~>#.
P# Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_ J<_ Y. (98)
P ` O ` (H< H ) O ~ ` (Dl ) ^ Q O H
KOH<O. JC_ `# è^~_# (#~Q Qu~K_.)
^QO HO@Hx (J#^=, WÒ |~^=`) ''^~_, #QO~
282
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"t~K~_. ^=z`=~` (WH#~z) gO~` ~fM` rq`~

Q_ Ò Jx K_. (99)
(W PQ~ "~@OQ P#~^`` ~ #QO~ "t ~
KO.) `~"` è^~_e ~#~ `#H# HO@
H<_. JC_~^~ J `~Q J`xH QO=KH~ Q Ja^~ KO.3
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W x[~ K K_. P# `# J#Q ~` ## *
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K~K_. J~`H^, q=~^s Z_i~`~ #~_ fHz <`
He_. J~`H =~^ +`< <H, <Ô H =^ H~ $+~ K_.
(^=_ ^x uH>_ .) "= ~ Uq@~> < = WÒ =O Q ~K
x J^`"# H` `# ^Hx J=O_. x~^~Q
P# =~ Ziy#_, = q"H= ~`_. (100)
'' ! h= <H O*kHO~ k~K=, q+ `è Òz
K_Q JÔ}*#~ H_ J#Q~K=. =H $+HO! h"

WO H < ~OHH _q. (WH~) ## Wg u < J~`
"~k~K. O
H~ ` O+ KO J<_ . (101)
==^ (~)! "= hH kq+$u Ô ``# D
(Ki`H) Q^ O =KOxH ~|~k~z# q+ ~. Ô
O O~ H_|Hx H@ #`#C_ h=H_ =. Hx h= Z~`
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h= "ix Z~> u
~ J_QH < "O #"OH~ H^. Wk =`
~ K =#o H~ ~|_# `^. (102-104)
3. WH_ * J< ^~ y~K|_~k. Wg i+ * J~>
~Q}=~ Jx JO~ . ~Q}=~ ^=xH ` WÒ H K _~ x+^~ .
J~^= D H
* ^x aH =~ fHx ''QO= KH~ Q Ja^~
K _~ Jx J#=k~K= =z~k. H~Ô +HO WH_ * ^x i+
HO~ fHx Q` =H
`z# Ô ^" ` O H (^
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H =~ H ~_ ~Q }=~ K _~ Ô =ÒQ LO_^x Ja_O .
Hx =iHO^~ +H~ D JaO` UHq OK ^ .
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K _=x =#~ JO~ K He. (2:34 H, ^x ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
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i K=~k (x[) ^=_ #""O L<O Hx P (UHH ) ^=xH O
(q^ê) > He<O.
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`^=>~K^x xO~Q L<O? H U=O@ L#C_<
O`Q `= ~ qOKH _^x xt~`Q L<O? (105-107)
==^ (~ )! iH +~ Q W K: ''< =O~ =@H
W^. <#, <`@ < KO =}|^~ Q, iO *#~` ([e)
^=x (=O~) " <=. ^=_ i^_, = |#`H
Jf`_. q^^ # l~K"i` <H~> ~|~^~ ^ . (108)
hH O~ "= ~# =H
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TH K~k#O. i ^Qi H "= = ~^x ~` =K=. =i
O ~K~ uiy Q`*` Z@=~> O=#~ KqKO Q=
x~KO?
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H
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^ qOKx ù~~ e@ =^=".) JC_ "=

`KH# "ix OH~ K=. <O
qOKH_ = tH Z> iu #
`y^. (110)
|n*#~ HiH gi Ki`HQ ^
Z~` Q}O~ L~k.
(YOP< q=i~K|_#) Dq+ ~ H> O}~ H^ (D Kq# qx
P Kq# =ê" _xH). Wk Q` Q~^# ^$ gHi# (J~u=^= ) Q~^~ .
u q+ h qbHi~z K k=}. q~KiH W^H `^ ~ ,
HO}^x. (111)
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D J^x ''O^ ("QO#) J~>O. Wk #|gH~ z=i

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gH Uq^~ Q# QKi~Kx PÔ` PHx x># _ J .
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(XHOA) HH= L~@~^# q+ ~ gH #=H~ HÔ_xH
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P < D =~_ x O z J~^ O `#, #^ #
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Q>
Oux P=i~ * < _. g@x># *Q`Q ije~z ~`
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H # XH^xHH> He L<. (P <) ^H` @, ~@,
YO O K@ (=QO) L<. uiy g> Hx | Y=$H,
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J` > Hx>x "= ZH= OzHO" # qQ, =iHx>x `H =
OzHO"#qQ K=. g> H_ |n q"K# Hi H~ Z<
xÔ < L<. (4)
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~>O. (5)
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H#qC He~ K ~ @# (Z<) [iQ. [ ^g i ==i~z
#>H h = ix LH < _. J` h = Ju Hi# tH H_
qk_ . (6)
h =@ xOHi#O ''D =x+ ^QOH W`x = #~_
U^< == Z~^H O^ ? Jx J~@<O. Hx h= (^+i}=#
Qi~z) Ki~K_q =`" . u *uH XH =O^ i L<_. (6,7)
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~_~ [iQ =O, H_ P#H `. u ==H
P# ^QO XH xs` i=}~ L~k. P# u q+ xH ~|~k~z#
J~Ò *#~ è#_. P# =#`_, OkH _. g
Z=O< "eQ =>_<, aQOQ =>_< H Ou" pH> ^y<,
Q>
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u =x+H =~^ "#H ^=_ xq~z# (J^$) Q_K
O
L<O. P# P[` O`_ O "H ~ >O. J` U*u J< `##
`# ~i~KH#~` =OH ^=_ ^x iu =O_. W^H Ô~ .
JQ U^< *uH ^=_ H_ `@ ^KH~> WH ^xH uOQL~_^ .
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xH =uOH~ Q J~> *ux U H P^H*^. (11)
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P~^# H_ K~^Ò P H_ @H ~>O. P< h>` x~_#
" # $l< _. P " J^` QO# ` Px u , P#
q``# Hx_`~>. ^= ^`
H~` Px [
`Q#~ K~>O.
P< ~HO"# _Q# H_ ~`<_. [ ^=x
q+ ~ O O~ k~KH~@#C_ XHi P# `# `KH#
i >x `z O`Q _" _ . x[~Q P# J^` H O _,
JÔ} H~#_. (12,13)
(H#H P^ =O) P< "O@H=_~ gÔ ~. Px
=ê O "O@H ~@# q^^ i "OH Z~> =^#
q==. XH=H h> " K` Kz ''h= <<> ^QOH =K
J#~> P hO J`x <> ^QO H =~ ^? Z#>H O^. q^^ #
"O@H". (14)
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P< (O" #`_~#) J . =Hx J}=}= `#

W` "~H~_ P#H ~Q_`~k.1 L^~,
~`~ = == K H_ P#H "Hi` <. (15)
"ix =H = Z=Ox J_Q. ^=_ Jx KC . ''=i D
Ô~ J~wHi# C_, P ^=_ =ê gO `=H `= H_ Z~>
# Hey~KHx q^^ # Z~^H OHH Q K H<O?
Jx t~K. ''Q__, H#_ XH><? pH> "Q =#==
`? Jx J_Q ix. J HH` O He~KH# q^^
H_ ^=x =kiQ ^#< $+~ K? D HO}~Q O $+x O}
Qi~z ~^~ _O? iH +~Q KC: ''u^xH ^=_
=`" $+H O . P# XH_, Jkf H ~ #_, O#`_. (16)
P ^=_ PH~ #~z =O~ Hi < _. ^x =` #n#^
`= `= i=}H i_ (h>x) fHx =<. P =O
1. WH_ =+ * J< ^~ =z~k. * K _=~> ~Q _@
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y|_@~, tO=~K_~ , q#OH~Q `=~K_~ . q^
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K`, P# xOt ~z# P[H H@|_ x K < . ^=_ xOt ~z# D H$ u
<# U $+~ H_ kH i~K^ .
OK~^ #H `h `=H xOt ~z# H$ u K>H H@|_ L~@ ^=xH
q^
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#O~ ~Ki~K^ . O_, =^~, Qe, " H_ ^= K@~ HO" x
K =$H *uH, r=OH H=# =O~ , j`+ ` =HO`<.
=#=_ H_ `#H `~`kHOx HOO~Q ^=_ xOt ~z# D
H$ u K>xH `"y ==i< _. ^x J`# Z> i` # kH i~K_ .
L^:- =#=_ HH |^ K` ` #_=_ . HH |^ K=` K__ .
<>H |^ =H` =>_
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^=_ xOt ~z# K># xOHi~KQ
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^` , =lH PiH O[H q^< uO i~z ^=xH Jq^
_ Q_.
J` `#H K W=|_# D H~O~Q H_ ^=xH q^
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< tO=~Kx YOP< K|`~k. D <# kH i J`# WH~
J~uH QO`_x, O
H~ #OH `# J#q _x Ki~k. JOK`
K`~` kOK|_# HOO~Q H_ ^=xH q^
_, P# xOt ~z#
< tO= WH~ ~f, O
H~ ^=x # `Q~, O M
a x K|`~k. (22:18 H, ^x ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
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(13. ~^)
287
288
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=~ =O^
z#C_ > Li`~ #OQ H_ UO_`.
[ #Q, ` ` O K _xH Jy Hiy~K H_
W~> #OQ UO_`. D L=#~ Ô ^=_ ``
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[#~ KO == J_Q# qye`~k. D q^~Q (OHOH)
L=< Ô ^=_ gH q+ x qnHi~z k < _. (17)
(H#H) ^=_ ~# ~^~ Hi~KiH " [OQ`~k. ^x
Hi~KxO ^=x @ #~_ |@_~ ^H `= Jn#~ =`
~ K ~^
<, W~H ">H O>~ i~^
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>h iO~ H~^ W=_xH ^==Ò. (J< iH q=H
a~K^.) J~> ix xn Hi#~Q (HOe Qi~z) qKi~K_~
[OQ`~k.2 z=iH i x~ #OH= =`~k. Jk O= K_x ~. (18)
h= h J=ì~*# } `=x Qi~z#_, ^x
Qi~Kx J~^ _ XH> J=Ò? qA (=) `^ x Q O . (19)
P qA r=#Oo W L~@~k: "O ^=x` K# =}x
<O ~ O . ^x Z> i` # ~ QO K
O . O ~ Q L~Kx ^=_
P^t~z# ~|~^# O ~ Q L~KÒ. "O `= = ZC _
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`~>O. `= = # `# Pt #~` ==iO . JnQH,
O O< (#=A) ==# O . "= k~z# Lk #~_
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Ô xOeO.
J~> iH O
H (O) = L~k. (J~>) ` xQ
aOK O= < "O "t O . "i ``=``
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Z~Ô ^= ^` "iH QuOK_xH =O . P ^` iH Q`~
K|` ''gH ~u HQQH! gO WH~ #~` ==i
(uH) rq`~ Q_ # ~^H DOA nxH JO O J#~>O. P!
Z~` +" # k D O
H (~) =!! (20-24)
WH ^=x` Q> =}~ K ^x L~~KO, ^=_ O~Q
L~Kx P^t~z# ~|~^# qz#~KO, ~ K~ H
$+~ KO Q
=Ò. iH~ O
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K~k. ^=_ `#Hi# q^~Q H~îH W`kH~Q, =iH~îH i
q`~Q Lk x_ . O ~zH rq`~ =xy ``<O. Hx
O
H rq`~ =~^ ~zH rq`~ =< =K@ =`" . (25,26)
==^ (~ )! h =@ xOHi# O ''D =x+ ^Qi H J`x
= #~_ U^< xÔ #~ Z~^H J=ì~K^ ? Jx J~@<O. "KC :
^=_ `# `KH# "ix =O + ` ~< _L
~_ K_ . P#
`#" =O iH =`" `# " =K =O~ K_ . (27)
`x q~z#i $^ ^=O} = `$ K~^`.
QO~KH~_, ^=O} =< =#=H =#~u a~k. `x
2. gO `x xOHi~z# Jq. ^=_ W~> ^ #~_ Hi# ~Q

H fHx #OHt H qk_ . nxH a#~Q ^=_ q~z, = O~Q P#H
iQ q^
q`rq`~ Q_ # ê èQ qKiOz =ê__ .
[` P (Ol) ^= =H (~ ) =~^ YOP<x ''Z=O< K_ x K
J`# ^x ^+e `~ J#q _ (4:123) J< Hx q ''< ^$+
Wk
Jx> H~>
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H ~ K~ Z~> ^ Hey<,
z=iH XH = QKH< O, ^x ^=_ J`# K# O@H tHQ iQ}~ z
WH~< J`x H =y_ . O
H~ Z=i #~_ H fH=_~ [iy<
J`# ` H~_ (#OH) tHH QO=`_.
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`~^ i#~_ èHQ H fH|_`~k (84:7,8) J< Hx q~z ''=i
n#O~ Uq>? Jx J_QO. ^xH ^= =H( ~ ) W KO: '' ^#O~ " @_~
J#=@. (i ` O` @ ^+O ^=x =~^ " @|_`.) J`
Z=i #~_ H fH=_~ [OQ`~^ J`xH <#"# > J#H. (J|^=^)
3. Z=O< =#H H_ `_` uiy =#~ iH H_ K H_^x , i @

`=O# ` "Qx D H è*~k. ^= =H (~ ) W q=i~KO: ''gO
g =O< "Y ix H =O< "Y iH J#Q}~Q =OHH~_. WÒ =~zx
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iH^. gO q=e XH x==oH H@|_ L~_ O~k~K H~_. WÒ
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iH JHO~ `@H~ _.
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=z~KO. P# ''< = ## `qk q+ e Qi~z P*~ K_x è
*# `qk q+ <Q q+ W L<: ''(1) <# Z=i @
<
~`+~Q=<, J+~ Q=< Z> iu << O <~Q =>_e (2) Z=O<
<@ <O ~ =# ^ ` <O" O H<, <# =`~ i@ <O" O =# <
^ `# <O" O e. (3) Z=O< <H ( HO) W=H< <# =@H
iHe. (4) Z=O< <g^ Ô# ~ K <# ix Hq ~Ke.
[` L=O (Ol) W J<O: ''Z=O< h@ ==i~K_~ ^=xH

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(13. ~^)
289
q~z ^KO ~#~#O x[~Q Z~` J^$+=~`. iH

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H~) Z~` +" # u
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# q ~* =.) J^q^~ Q WC_ "= D *u
[H = ~^~ J~^*
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KC: ''P< <=. P# ` =O PO^_ _. P< <#
#=H<#. (u ==O~#) <# P# " H =O`#. (30)
qx |^K, O`# He~z #_, ^ =$è
=>_ * HQ U^< YOP<x XH" J=ì~*< ~ Uq>?
= HO ^=x Jn#~< L<. ^=_ `KH~> =#=~^s
<O~ #_~ K Q_. q `$K
~ ^_xH W^H =@ K^?
uOO"Y
i J=~a~z# "i i ^+H O =~Q (ZC_)U^
XH P^ =z_`< L~@~k. P q` i W g~ H_
_= K. ^=x Q#~ (
~) <O" ~ ^H W ~q < L~@~k.
^=_ `# "Q<x ~ QO K
H ^ . (31)
hH O~ H_ (D uOO) ^= =H
# #KO. J`
"= uOO# K K_#@ (H~`H~ @) =k=. P
Ò ` "ix @H <=. K_, <H Z~` Hi# ~Q L~_~^. (32)
u }h FH~@ Hx>L# ^=_ "i Ôe Q=x~K_?
O ^=xH >He ~KO. (J K =x ^=_ x[~Q K =~>) ">
Oq>, "> @OÒ Uq> J_y K_. W~H "ix W
J_Q: ''gO ^=xH H` q+ x <~ `<O? P#H `# Ô }

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q+ è=<? H g |OH Uk `>` ^< Q_Q J#i< O?
`~^~ xOHi~z#iH "i ^+<Q PHOh"#qQ
K |_. O <O~ H OH~_ xOk~K|_O . ^=_ î ` ~z#
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` =. O
H rq`~ J~`H~ > Hi# "# (#OH) `# KqK_=
L~@~k. ^=x tH #~z "ix WH Z=O H_ O . (33,34)
^=x @ H Hey (uH) rq`~ Q_#iH ^=_
O"~ Qi~z# "Q#~ K_. P O~ O =
L~>. JH_ Z#>H ÒQ x
L~>. JH_ =$HK
H_
J~`~ ^. ^=cuO} rq` O=#~ WQ L~@~k. =i
` uOO rq` O =#~? "iH~ #OHy HKHx L~@~k. (35)
290
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~` +~Q L<O. Hx i Hx=O W~^x Hx q+e
q~K_~ ^ . "iH K : ''XH ^=_ POk~Kx, P# ^= `~
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h= [ HiHe J#i ^=x @ #~_ x<=O H_O . hH
_ O H_ Z=O L~_O . (36,37)
hH O~ "= J<H= ~k =He ~OK=. O H_ O
HO. ^" [ H ~_ U =H `#~`@`# U xÔ #~ K_ .

u QxH F Q~^~ L~k. ^=_ `# Hi#@ Hx q+ e `_z
\ Hx>x ^`^~Q L~K`_. Jx>H ="# =`$Q~^~4
P# ^QO L~k. (38,39)
=H! "= ix Ki# ^+i}=~ H~` Q~ iH h
rq`H~ KqK<, ^ Jk ~q ~KH= ~^ "= x# = ^QO H
KH< "`~ g^ = ~^x [H KO"
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H fH=_~ = ^ `. "g Qx #" #~z #OH~@
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O|OkOz#) P[ *s K<_. P# P[e Z=O J_HO.
(HO # Qi~z) H fH=_~ P#H Z~` @^ . (40,41)
"iH O~ L~_# (àO) =#+ H_ J<H <Q
<O. Hx uOQx <Q~ ^=x Ku< L~k. Z=O~> #
K < O P# Q=x< L<_. O
H (O) ^# ~ Z=i J^$+~
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= H H^x J~@<O D uOO. "iH KC : ''<H, gH =^ ^=_
H. P `~ "` k= Q~ ^* #~ Hey# u =H nxH HQ L<_. (42,43)
4. WH_ =+x''L=H` J~> =`$Q~^= x JO~ . YOP<`
@ Q`~ =z# Ò`, [|O, Wh J~`H O Q~^h D =`$Q~^~
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`# JOu= =H ==^ () ^~ Y~P<x J=ìO* _. W^ W_
O
=~ =#"oH =~^ ~ #O K Q UHH ^= QOÔ .
5. J~> JOa XH" W~ Ju"QO Q =O OY <<\H
JkH= =Ò>, =~" |^ O^H ~Y H=OQ `y `~^x JO~ .
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HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

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HO)
J=ìO* # # k=Q~^~ . [e h= pH> #~_ "QH fHO=
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~ H JO_# ^=x =O~ H J#=@.
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+ J#=k~KO. D ~Qu èQ< =~k =H
HO, H`
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L~KO, =~ <H H_ XH =O~ =# [e YOP<H Ô~Q L~K

Òk. YOP<x =# JO~ KHOx, J~K` ^x *eHH~_ `=
K ~^ ''YOP<H~Q q~z #_KHx gO [# < O. Z=O<
YOP< @ PH Hey ^x `=H è# + M# " `~Q J^ #~
K _xH u P `x gO xOk~K_xH H_ "#H_@~ ^ .
`` e `~Q J<H= ~k =~ YOP< J^ #~ K _~ =< D '^
=#+ K# HO~ `= îH`# #=*, O*, *, ^#~ ~> Hx
PO^# H iq`~ K H<O. ~_` , Ô "`
` WÒ YOP<x x[~Q
JO~ K HO# J [ |~Q <@H~k.
D J = YOP<` =~ ~|~^~ <==`~Q L~_~k. fiH
îH#C_ JO~ K HH~_ ^x JOc=x zH H O}~ K _~,
JÒ hO H H J^H =_~, =}~ K = =z#C_ ^x fHx
` g^ @H=_~, H~O ~ K =^ W==` H L^ =$u K@
_ ~
=OH i ~|~^~ iq`= ~k. 1869 a\+ Ò ~` Ô x
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=O =<", "i =`q, ~[H , O$uH u Q` h ijeOz
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F Ki`H ="O [iyOk. P ="O
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P O^~ O Hg+< J^ _ ~ qeO O_ =iOz# x"kH K_O_:
''=O =`qO H~O "~ U ~^ ` OK< LO_~ . ~^
`xH =u~HOQ ~_@O "iH K J=~O . D PK< "i $^ F
#`# L`x, L^Hx [xO* O k. "~ ~\xH J#H}
O Ô Q LO\~.
Du "ix ~^ `xH =u~HOQ U =O<< L^H ~K
Q
` Ok.
H = q+#s ^s x"kH# _ K_O_:
''WH_ [ XH =~O "~ Q", s=sk (=`Q ~ ~O ) `` O Q
=O _ L<~. H#H WC_ =#O `# ^= =H# x H\
O KHQ F ^x
J<+OKQey` Jq`"# LÒ` "k=Ok [ J`x #Hb ^=^`
ikH =~ . =O JO\ =Hx ` ~K _O K H+O . H+` ~ " #
D xx kOKQe y` P =Hx Ò `~ # P O, JO_Ô _ Wz =# xx
=Q <~"~H=K....
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H#~ < i~ ''k Z~= P a\+ ZO~ P WO_ )
P ~A< a\+ ~" O@ P H=< J^ _ Q"O_ S< Ku
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i# K O Jx K|` P ^= QO^x qi <H H\_ .
W POQ

^+h u H~}OQ =~ YOP< WK x[=~# tH}
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293
=Hx J}=}= P#H K~k#^. OH rq`xH

|^ ~zH rq`xH ^#qK ` uOO H~ O <#~K
Hi# tH HKHx L~k. O [# ^= =O~ H OH~_ xOk < O.
O ^= =Ox (`= =<~K
H J#Q}~Q) =HHi ~ QO`<O.
"O
=O + ` ~ K Ô~ H@H O. (1-3)
"= ~# u =H q+ ~ q_=Oz K _xH gQ `# *u
[ =>_ +< = ~Ô ([H) J~^* _. P `~` ^=_
`# `z# q^~ Q H~îH î K_: =iH~îx î ` ~K_.
P# OkHi, Z~` q"K< O _. (4)
"= W~`H O~ = xÔ <ez =# H_ ~=. [e
pH>#~_ "QH fHOx, iH ^=Ki`H ~|~k~z#
~ @# qx `^ ~ K x "= J`_ H_ P^t~KO. D
~ @# #~ =~z H$`[` KiH Q xÔ <<. (5)
= =$`~`~ H QOH `K H. JC_`# `# *u [` W
J<_: ''gH ^=_ K# LHO *HO `KH~_. gH f=
`# _~ _# O h i #~_ P# q=e H__. O
g H_He `=O`~_O. g H`# =`" r=~Q L~_xK
O. Jk gH g = `~ # Hi# sH H~. =OH q+ ~ H_
*H~ `KH~_. H$À L~> gH =ix =O J#Q#x,
H$` ~` `# tH J`~` Hi# ~Q L~@~^x g = q=e
Ki~K_. (6,7)
''gO `x uO i, (gO H^) ~ K~x =` =#=
` uOO < O (^x= ^=x ^= `xH > #+" g ^ ).
P# xOHO _,2 `Q< Z~` ~h_. (8)
J^ J# YOP< tH}
Jx q< O. W~> =~ < ^$+
@Hx Fi
~_> [=O < ''=~ `= Y~<x Qi~z =Q KC H~>O.
Hx i ^QO F ` H "+^ O}, [=, LEK~| ` =O^< L~^? Jx
Zu_ D =` ~_` K`H x O+~` H`H ` _O.
20= `|~ =_ ^H ~ #~_ iu H=~Q =Oy~k. M` `` "`
=< J|P =^n (O ) `z# q= ~ O`L
Y~_~x "^= =
[Q` < =i"~ k. P =h_ O# J^` YOP<"M#~, P# $l~z#
q `H `~ HO}~Q W~ OHeH =Q r=#== J# = ~ [H
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2. q=OH 27:40 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
294
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Q` *` =$`~`~ gH KO
^ ? #*u, P^*u, =^ *u,
P `~` _ J<H *` =K. > ~Y ^=xH =`" `.
i =H +"# xÔ< `z#C_ O `= Ku" K=
ÔH~@ ''h= `z# ~^x "= qO J~wHi~K=. h=
KO~ K# Ô~ Qi~z "= f==~# ~kQ~, ~
_ O Jx J<O. (9)
''Uq>, gO =He $+~z# ^=_ Qi~z ~^<O?3
P# g O@ Hq ~z, XH xs`H ~ =OH gH J=H~ W=_xH
q=e `# (Ô~) " <_ J<O ^==H.
''gO =~> =#+. J~`H q~z =Og H^. = ``=``
H~#~p =# D^ # POk~K=^x ==e i< O? O (gO

x[~Q ^= =H
` ) U^< xÔ #~ fHO~_ J<O P [. (10)
''x[", "= g~> =#+" Qx, =Og H=. J` ^=_
`# ^ `# HOH# "ix J#Q _ . xÔ < (==)
`K H =H ^ . ^=x J#=u J`< Jq =. q~z#O
^=_ #=He. P ^=_ H^ =H rqÒ = O~ è, "= #_e#
(OA)=O~ Uq> K~k! J~@C_ Px "= Z~^H #=Hx
L~_=? g "k~ @ "= #~ ==. #=He#O
^=_ =`" #=He J<O ^= =H
. (11,12)
z=iH Jq `= =H
# ki ''(=O^Q) gO ==`~
H uiy =K~_. ^~ >O, q=e ^~ #~_ " Q_O J<O.
JC_ "i = kq+$u Ô i ^QO H D q^~ Q ~^~
~_: ''P ÔOe "= <#~ K`<O. i (`#~) Ò`
Ô }

q=e, (g J#KO e) =t~* O. < xk =^#~ KC
H= L~^# ^ ` =~`
_ `, < KiH @ J=`

=H<iH D |=#~ a ~ k. (13,14)
3. u Q~# |^ O^H ^=_ XH_#x XCH~>O. P#
=H $+HO Jx H_ J~wHiO. ^==H D q+< P^~OQ
fHx ''WH gO U q+ ~ Qi~z ~kQ~ _ O? Jx J_Q O. Hx
PKO} =`~ D |Ô^H =H $+HO# P UHH ^=_
=`" POk~K _xH |^ P# H K#~# H$ u H e , qQ #, `>
=#=# l~>O. ^==H ZC_ $+HO# =`" POk~Kx
k ~ > gO =`~ $+ [ " O Q` ` O.
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(14. WO)
295
P =H
q[~ Ji~KO. (Jk Dq^~ Q a~z~k.) àO`
~Hi~z# u uOs O <#=_. P Ò` J`xH~ #OH~
HKHx LO@~k. J`xH JH_ `Q_xH p=, <` O He# (~=
AQHO"#) h~ W=|_`~k. ^x J`_ |=~`~Q Q~`H
k~K_xH u_ . (Hx Jk F ># J`x Q~`H kQ^ .) z=iH
ZQ JuH+~ g^ k~K`_. #" #~_ =$`= J`_ K@
=_~ k. Hx J`# K=_. ^xH =~^ J`_ K~Hu< =O O
`# ~z L~@~k. (15-17)
^=x @ ` uOO "Y
i J=~a~z#i PKO}
, #`#H
`> Zyi |_^ H ~>k. O `= HO H Z~> u
~
~Ô . J^ Jx>H~ > O" # "
~. (18)
^=_ =H# Z x=|^~ Q <H_ gO Q=x~K
^? P# `KH~> q=e `_z> g#~ =O H` $+
fH OQ_. J K _~ P#H U=`~ H+~ H^. (19,20)
"O~` (
k<#) ^=x =~^ (^+Q) x|_Ò. JC_
"i (H=~, ~u+ JO`Q x) |# `=
`~ Ô HO# <H` ''~ K~ "= gH q^

g "#H #_K~ H^ WC_ ==e ^= tH #~_ H_~^H U"<
K QO? Jx J_QÒ.
^xH "O =^#q ''^=_ Q#H = q=H H~ U^~< î
K gH_ (P î) ` H~_ K=. Hx WC_ =#~ Z~`
U_ "`H <, FO =~z< [#~ ^ . =#qH (D #OHH ~
#~z) |@_ H ^ Jx J~>O. (21)
fO =y# Ò ` +`< i` W J~>_:
''gH ^=_ K# Q<h x[=. Hx <# K# Q<
XH> x[~ H^ . J gK` |=~`~Q U^< K~K_xH
gg^ <H^~< H L~>H^ ! <# q=e <=O~ " eK#. J~`,
=Og K^. gO < #H ~k~z =KO. H#H giC_
J#=O~ Q ## x~k~KH~ _. q=e gO x~k~KH~_. WH_ g Q_
<# PH~K# < Q_ gO PH~KO . W~`H =~^ (WH~)
gO ## ^=xH >He ~KO. (<H_ ^= `~ Pk~KO. Jk g<
Qx, <x Z~`=`~ H^.) <# nx Y~_ < #. J~> ÔO
H
` H~_ O" # tH _ `~k. (22)
296
(14. WO)
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` `x q~z, (`^#Q}~Q) Ò K L#~

O =~K O= < O|_`~. ^=x J#=u` "~H _
HHO (YO``) LO\~. iHH_ ~f n"#`
#"# Q`~ a~k. (23)
^=_ t+= K<x U == ` _ gO Q=x~KO? XH "
*u =$H~ L~k. ^x " < Q `H ^$_~ Q `H.
^x Y PHO ^H qi ~z L<. J#H}
~ Jk `# [`
=^ O
J~^* ~k. [ Q}O~ <O H=_xH ^=_ W~>
LÔ} W< _. (24,25)
nxH a#~Q ^+=K<x < Li`~ #~_ iH" <OH~
K@` =K. ^xH Z~> O ` =, ^$_` = L~_=. (26)
^=_ q F ^$_= K#~ ukH W@ WH~#, J@
OH~# O`~ k_. ÔOe P# =O+`~ _
"_ . ^=xH `# `z# uh K Q H =O L<. (27)
^=x J#Q ~k H_ H$` #ix gO K_^ ?
"O `=`@ `= *u[# H_ q<Q^~ H <>" O. J~>
#OH~ H. O #OH~ "t O . Jk O= hK # x
~. [#
^==O~ #~_ `~K_xH O Hx q^^"# ^=xH >
He~KO. "iH K: ''O, H<@ Q Q J#q ~K~_.
z=iH gO #OHxH = L~@~k. (28-30)
=H! q~z# < ^H Z~> H qH , HO
[OQx ~A OH=~^ O< == <Hx, "= k~z# ~^
#~_ O ~Q#, |O~Q~Q# ^#Ô K x KC . (31)
^=_ =H# $+~ K_. P< PH~ #~_ =O~ Hi~z
g Lk H~ qq^ OH ~_ (~@) ~_ < _. P< =^
#~ H~ gH F_ Jn#~ K# _. P# P^~ `< Jq =^~
=~Q y`<. #ê _ P< g HO J^ LOK_.
P< OK~ê gH~ XH x==oH H@|_ xO~Ò~Q
y K_. gH~ ~ux, Q\
x $+O z#_ H_ P<. W
gO Hi#^~` P# gH k~K_. J#~`" # ^ #Q # gO
H~K#H< H~KO. J` (Wx J#Q ~k#>H)
=#=_ K H$` _Q, J<O _Q ` O _. (32-34)
W~ W "_ H<_: '' ! D (=H) #QOx ~u #QO~ Q
K. ##, <~`<x qQ O^< i#~_ H_. ! D qQ
Y~P< "=$Ò
(14. WO)
297
J<H= ~kx î ` OK. (< ~`<x H_ î` OK =Ô L~k.

H#H) < q^<x J#i~KO < O=Ò. < q^<xH =uOH~ Q
#_K" iH (h" kH.) h= Hq ~K_=, HO }~K _=. (35,36)
! <# < ~`<x Z~> K@, > x Z_i ~`~
h u ~ ^QOH fHz =t~*#. gO (q+`) WH_
O< == <HÒ# P` <x K#. H#H gi @ h= [
$^ PH Ja=< Hey~K. giH u#_xH ~_
k~K, | J~^H H$À L~>O. ! "= ^#n,
|O` ~ K # n J~` hH `. x~^ ~Q ^=xH =H
Un H#=OQQ ^ . (37,38)
''D =$^ ~ <H W, W M =~> ~`#O k~z#
^=xH H$`[`
. < = ` H~_ (<)"~H_ . ! ## O<
== <H"xQ K. <~`<x H_. ! <q[ Hi~K.
< è^ ~ _e, =` qe HO qKO} OA Hq ~K. (39-41)
D ÔO
K # # @ ^=_ J*Q`Q L<_x q~KH .
HH` "ix P# XH xs` k#~ =OH LH < _. P OA (

c` ~`) [ H `", ` Hu O y_`~>O. K <
L~_`. Q~_ ^_^ _
_ `~>. (42,43)
=H! P k#~ Qi~z [<x
@. JC_ ÔO
(~zH
=` =ê) '' ! =H =O J=H~ W=. "= h #H
("~@<) ~k~z, h =H
J_Q*_ #_O Jx "O@H ~>O.
(^xH =^#~ =~k:) ''nxH O~ gO =} K=s g
H
q<H" O^x K|`~_O H^ ? x*xH gO (P<_) P`
q<xH _#i x~`< rq`~ Q_ O. "= i@ Z
==i~K" KO. iQ^
Lî gH `^ ~ H_ K~.
(J< gH |k O^ .) WC_ =~ q~z~k. (44,45)
"O `= <Qh x KH<O. O` `~ H~~K
J~`>
~HO" # <Q x< @x>H qOQ_ ^=x ^QO L~k.
H#H =H! ^=_ `# =H
H K# Q<H =uOH~ Q K_x
h= Z#>H q~KH. ^=_ OH=~`_ fHO~ K_ H_.
= H O =i ()k#~ Qi~z ix
@. POA =#~kh () O^_# UHOx =~^
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iu Z L~@~^ h= K=. i H,
298
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Y~P< "=$Ò
K` ~H` ay~z H> "|_ L~>. QO^H = î~z

L~>O. "i =M Jy * P=i~ >. u =x+H J`#
K# HO H u
~ W=_xH W ~q ~ k. HO qKO} [O_ xH
^=xH Z~` @^ . (46-51)
Wk =` =#= H~ =z# q[h# ~^~ . (O
H) i}=
# Qi~z [# Ki~K_xH, O ^=_ XH_#x `H=_
xH, |n*#~ HO $H O=_xH D~^~ ~|_~k. (52)
J=Ò}
: =H
15. * (*)
H:99
JOa O~ * J< @}~ L~_k. P @}e ~

i~K_xH XH ^==H = "Ox uOi~z, ^=tHH QOO. D
J^~ gi ~H Ki`` @ Pk=#=_ P^~, W~ (J )
Q^ H_ O~@ =H |Ô^He OA=O~H fHO=_
xH `~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Je- -O. Wq ^= Q~ ^ # q+ YOP<H ~|~k~z# H . (1)
DOA (`x) xOHi~z#O O f=`~` ''J!
=#~ q^
` Z~` Q~_k!!Jx Ò. ix =k. =Q
u~@`Q` Q Q J#q ~Kh. xx P ix U=O@
_" . Ò< iH `~ k (nx O =#~ Uq>). (2,3)
W~`H O~ "= U >x <#~ KO. Hx "= ^= ^è W> k~K=. "O ky` ^" [ fHx
kQÒ. P`~` [H U=`~ ==kx=_~ [OQ^ . YOP< q+ xH
=, ^x "" J=ì~* O. ^x iOH~ K= H_ "". (6-9)
==^ ()! hHO~ H_ "= J<H* ` =He q ~
*O. J` U*u ^QO H U=H =z< P*u [ P=H# #
K H~_ L~_@=#k Z#_ [OQ
^ . JQ "g `^# <O
Q~_H (Q#~) k~K`~. ^~` "O (Oz) ^xH q~KO .

O~ #~_ W~> =$uH
i "Y
i WQ Q`=~k. (10-13)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(15. *)
299
"iH~ PH~ U^< Ô~ Òz>, OH_H @Q ZH

K< ''= H H U^J~k, =H=O K`| _K OJ< J~>O. (14,15)
q~Ò~ >+"# H@ xi~z#k "". KO H~
"= ">x J~^~Q O~k~KO. Q _ # u+`< i#~_ >x
OH`~Q L~KO. WH U+`< > î^H _. HH` K@
=@Q XH>, O~_ q+ q#_xH u_ . J` J q#_
xH u~z#C_ XH Jy* "_ "~>_ ì"~ k. (16-18)
"= qx Oz
^xg^ O ` `=. u =$H* ux XH
xs` i=}~ $l~K=. gH~, gO +~Kx r=OH~
J~^ Lk X#Oe H_ =HOO. = ^QO x ="n ^.
= =~^ L<. "= U ==x k~z< XH xs`
i=}~ k~KÒ. "= [#HO" # Q ~`<=. P
gO `Q_xH, (WÒ ` L Q H~) PH~#~_ =O~ Hi < O.
D [~^H [=# ("" Hx,) gO H^. (1922)
r=#O}H "" =HOH ~. gO H< =`" L~_ =>
K` ` DH~ #~_ "oO. ("" `~Q L~_= Q#H)
"" J~îH O~. O~ Qu~z#ix H_ "= K~. WH
=~^ =KO H_ = ^$+^~ L<O. h= O~^s
(
k<#) ` H~_ =" O _ . P# Z~` q"H= ~`_, JO
*#~#_. (23-25)
"= =#=_ Ho Z~_# =>` $l~K=. J~`H =~^
"= l## L+" =` H_# Jy*` $l~K=. (26,27)
P ~Ô ~ h = ^= ^`` J# =@ QOK
H: ''<#
Ho Z~_# =>` XH =#=_ $l<#. =#=_ $+~K_~
O# Ò` J`x (^~) <P` (<H^x)x T^`#.1 JC_
gO~` J`xH QO=KH~ Q Ja"^~ K e J<_ h =. (28,29)
^x HO~ ^= ^`~` (=#=xH) Ja^~ KO, Wc ` .
Wc O~î`@ Ja^~ K _xH xOHi~K_. (30,31)
''Wc! U=~k hH, J~î` @ Ja^~ K ^ ? J_Q_
^=_. (32)
''Ho Z~_# =>` $l~z# =#=_H Ja^~ K_~
<= Hx x J<_ Wc. (33)
1. q=OH 2:30-39, 7:11-25, 17:61-65 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
300
(15. *)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''J` hqH_~z "o. h= Q _ q . fOk#~ =OH h (D)

~ L~@~k J<_ ^=_. (34,35)
''! JQ` =#=~` uiy |uH~z |_OA =OH <H
Q_ = x= J<_ Wc. (36)
''O, xs`H ~ =OH hH Q_ q< = J<_ ^=_. (37,38)
'' ! h= ## Uq^~ Q î ` ~K J^q^~ Q <# H~
=#=H Z< =<O" # == e K ix î ` #. J`
h= ` H~KH# h ê =`~ J K # J<_ Wc. (39,40)
''< ^QO H KO H=_xH W^ OA=O~ . (D=O~ #_K) < ( )
^ hJkHO~ K^ . hJkHO~ x# J#i~K +
g^< K

`~k. O~îH #OH" (Qu, Wk) = Q#~ J<_ ^=_. (41-43)
P #OHxH U_ Ô L<. i u =OxH XHH Ô~
H>~K|_~k. (44)
WH ^=cuO ~=< (K\) O =^ L~>O.
Z~>
~ H ~_ ~`~Q, OH` ~ Q (O~ ) "t ~K~_x "i`
K|`=. "i $^ OQ^ U"< qye=~> >x "=
f=. O OO~ J#^= =i P< g^ ZÔÔQ
HO~>O. iHH _ Z~> = L~_^ . JH_~z ix f"
_~
_ [OQ^ . (45-48)
=H! <# Q H= je#x, Jq` ^ =}x < ^H KC .
^~`@ <tH K Hi# ~Q, ÔO ~ Q L~@~^x _ KC . (49,50)
"iH W~ Ju^ Q^ qx~K. O`x ^QO H =z ''hH ~u
HQQH J<O.
JC_`# ''q=e K~ > <H^
~Q L~k J<_. (51,52)
''_H. hH (Ò<) |kH`Q H_H __x "=
O J~^* < O J<O O. (53)
''Uq>! D =e`#~ <H _Ox O qx<O
gO!! H Pz~K~_, Z~> "O qx<O <H gO J<_
W~. (54)
''"= hH ` ~` H_# " O qx< =. h= (J#=O~ Q)
xOK~ ^H J<O ^= ^`. (55)
''=O+ `= = HO}~ @ xOK~^Ò J<_
Y~P< "=$Ò
(15. *)
301
W~. `~` J`# ''^= ~^ OO! W~`H gO =z# <q >?

Jx J_Q_. (56,57)
''""H <O* u ^QO H ~|_=. XH ` H@~xH =`"
(^= tH #O_) q<~ L~k. ix "= H_`=. J` J`x
O# =`~ H_=. P" "#H L~_i Ki`~^x "=
=~^Q< xO
~K= (J<~ ^= ^`). (58-60)
P `~` D ^` ` ^QO H "O. ix K J`# ''gO=O
H` Q L<O! J<_. (61,62)
''H^, "= gO J#=x# q+ x fHK=. "= h`
x[" K|`<=. "= h ^QO H ` ~ fHK=. H#H hqC_
H~Òu Q_z
# `~ "` h H@~| e fHx WH_~z |î
("~ K\H) ". h= i "#H #_. (*Q`!) g U XHO "#H
uiy K_H _^ . q=e Z@ " =x P* J@" (=Y~ u)
<O Q #_e J<O ^= ^`. (63-65)
(D q^~Q) Ò@>H (P @}~ L~_) ix =~Q
`_z _=# = xO
x J`xH =~^ è*=. (66)
J~` @} ~`+~` Q~` (` W~>H) =KO.
` (H~QO_ ) ''Ô O! gO <Ju^ . ## #= K
H~_. ^=xH
_~ _. <O = =~@QH~ _ Jx |u=_. (6769)
''Uq>, H~x [#=~î " # =H KH =^x "= x#
"i~K^ ? J<O O. (70)
''(H <=@ H_ q#~_.) gO (J) K x @_ ~ >, WkQ
< H=O
<O. (g# K H~_) J<_ `. (71)
==^ (~ )! h P`H! P =~ O H H#x H `
|e H@HQO. (72)
z=iH (=O<_) O_ L^~p L^~KQ<
~HO" #
q@~ "ig^ qOKH_~ k. "= @}
x J=~`~ Zu Hk=.
i g^ He# =>O =O~ Hi~K=.2 (73-74)
2. XHC _ D ~`~ K x `, ^@" # `@` HH _` Q
QO` J> <QiH`# ua~a~ * ~ _k. Hx D<_k
~HO" # F ^
* ~. J^ W, *O<
=^ L# =$` =^~.
J^" ~=Ò H`~ =$`= ^~ J<k ~ K~< ^~ >O G
"`
. i=@ HO~ S^" ~=Ò H`~ D ~`~ F ^ H~~
302
(15. *)
Y~P< "=$Ò
D @# z~KiH Q K#<. P~`~ (O#_K)

O î g~< L~k. qH W~^ Q}O~ L~k. (75-77)
JH[ H_ ÔO
. "= ig^ fHO~ fOH<~.
P O~_*` tk~` Ô} O Ô< L<. (78,79)
* H_ =H# uOi~KO. "= i ^QiH =
H
~ = xÔ < H_ K=. Hx O >x qi<
O. O H~_e èz W~_ xi~_O. z=iH XHOA
O^ ~ HQ<
~HO" # q@~ ix =@>
~ k. O ~
k~KH#k "iH U=`~ xHOH~_ ~k. (80-84)
"= =He, >L# =x ` ~ ` =O ukH
$l~K^. _ `H~_ =~k. h= (i HK+e)
$^ ~` Hq ~K. x~^ ~Q h = O A_ , O $+H O . (85,86)
=z~k. f="# ^x H~ <H O L# >, J, q+=,
WÒ Yx* XHiQ H "^[ |_. h H_ ~y=K. W >,
q+=, WÒ Yx*` H# D hO =$`= ^~Q O_~ k.
D =^~ K, " =. q+Yx* aHO=_~ = ^x
K@H ~` H_ xO Q=. *O<H K~k# JHO H @~
x U^< Z` ^ O ZHK, =$`= ^xH ^H}
kH " # ~`~ JH_H _
#x zK@` , |~_O` Z~`
``~ Hey~ k. WH_ XH q^" # #x
DQ Hx. Wq =x+H H>` He# W#H_ J~>#@ sO~ =~>H `~k.
D =^~ h>~^` ZH=Q L~_@~ = W~^ =x+ =#Q_ .
` =H (J )# uO i~K_~ = q = #~_ `*u [
qOKH_# cHO tH Wk. D tHH WÒ HO}q> H_ YOP< q=i~z~k. P
[ ~ yH `$ H~
# =ê O+ "~@ _O . (26:165,166 7:81).
J ["# , O= J HO" # D K+
` @ i =O O~_ K_ H_
K@KH<. O Ô H_ @Oe ^KH<O. `= ="
iQ Q q _z `> aH =~^ =aKO~ KO. (29:29)
[` ` (J ) i ^= cu Hey~z "i Jqhu, Jj K+
# Ji
H>~ ^H Z~` u~KO. Hx H~Ô ` Z=O îH O^ . JC_ ^=_
[` `x, P# J#KO e "OK >H Òe ~z P ^ ~ tH kOK_. |~_
"# _` q |^
f="# #Q` H_# O=O~ Hi~k. J^
=~ H~ < = ZH_HH _ Q UO_, q+^ O` H_# "_h O
XHiQ H ZQlq "`~ @}
~ H}
^ #~Q =i~k.
D =^~ iO W>H P @}~ J=Q Q_ tk, H~_
~H, Z=H =#H Hx. |k=~`H W~^ Q}O~ L~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(15. *)
303
"= hH =>=>H LKi~K^y # U_ H

k~KO. "=
hH =#`" # YOP< (O Q~^~ ) J#Q ~KO. H#H h= (H}
H " # )
~zH ~^ " Hx "= i qq^=O
[H (sH xq`~ ) WK=. i iu @ h= qKO_ H . ix
i=<# =k q~z#i ^$+ H ~nHi~K. (87-89)
iH h= +~Q Ki~K_q =`"#x KC. DKiH =O
^ $+~ KH#i ^QO H ~# KiH ~>^. O `= YOP<x
=H =HQ K H<O.3 =H! h = H! (i HO e Qi~z
k<#) gOq K ~ _Ox "= ix ` H~_ tO. (90-93)

H#H hH P^t# q+x Z~> îH~ H~_ [H
KO"
. |^ O^# Kix MÒ K H. #KiH =^#~
WK~^H h `~ # "= K. O ^=x` @ WÒ e ^ Q
K H<O. Ò< iH (^x O =#~ Uq>) è`~k. (94-96)
h Qi~z O He~z K|`# =>q>, ^x= h =# Z~`
<KH~@#^ =H `. (nxH iO~ XH>.) h= h =#
u P# B#`~ ~ ~K. P# xk ~Q_ ` L~_.
(W) J~u= =OH h =x POk L~_. (97-99)

3. YOP< J~> i~ K|_^x , O# Q~^= x JO~ . =O=@ K~>
x` O< xH, ^x HO~ PKi~K_xH W=|_# O Q~^~ J#=@. Dq^~ Q
^=^ =H (J) J=ì~z# [|O, ==H (J) J=ì~z# Ò`, D
=H (J) J=ì~z# Wh Q~^ H_ P H [ i~ K_xH,
PKi~K_xH ~|_# YOP<. J~u= ^= =H ==^ (~ ) J=ì~z#
YOP< D<> [ i~ K_xH, PKi~K_xH ~|_# HeQ O Q~^~ .
^ Ò` Q~^~ Wz# P[ Hx>x q~z, =i Hx>x
uO i~KO (2:85). J~^= O `= YOP< (O Q~^)x =H =HQ
K H<Ox ^=_ D H
è* ''gO H_ ^ Y
i J=~a~z
< PQxH QiHH~_x =~# Ki<_.
# ~#|_# ^= KiH <\ =~ iQ =i#@ QKiOk.

Y~P< ~O `= $+H~ kOz# ~QO^x "~ a, `^
QO ^ `~=~ K uHOQ =H =HQ K H~< =~O Q
`= Y~P<x =H =HQ K Hx qa# =~Q q_~. ^
Ò` *O zHx `= rq` ~= ~x, J ^ e =~z~.
D q+=O #Oz |@ _\xH XH> =~O. "~ Y~P<
J#"^x, "\ J=`~}
q# u ~E ^ Q i LO_e.
304
(16. #)
J=Ò}
: =H
16. `<>
Q (#)
Y~P< "=$Ò
H: 128
D J^x ''# (`<>Q) J~>O. =~ =H |^

O^H k~, PQ_ qugi # Ò}~ ^==H (~)
H~Ô =~ JaxH ==_xH J#=u~KO. J~>
iu ^=_ D J^~ =H Jq ` =uOH HOHe
Y~_ , i =_# =H# q=i O# Ô ^~ " ix eK_.
O~_" =~H Ô~ K|` #O =~Kx L^t~K_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

^=x P[ =z~k. ^xH~ `~Ô_H. O K# |Ô^
#H ^=_ Z~` Jf`_, q`_, =#`_. P< D~^x `#
P[` ^= ^` Ô `# Hi# ^ J=ì~* < _. H#H <#
` gH =OPO^ _ _x , H#H gO <H
_x K . (1,2)
P# =H# `~ ukH $+~K_. O K#
|Ô^#H P# Z~` Jf`_, =#`_. P# =#=_
gOa~^=` >~K_. J~> =#=_ K~_Q< (^_)
[Q_=iQ ` O _. (3,4)
P# [~`*x $+~K_. > gH~ POO, ^
L<. W~H qq^ OH [< H_ L<. >x gO L^ ~
"_xH fH # C_, ~`~ (W~_H ) `H# C_ >x K
gO~` P#~kO . JnQH, gO~` =_x ^ KO Hx ^ H `~
Jq q=e "Hx <~Q ". x~^~Q g =
^ =_, Z~` `~ H_. (5-7)
gO s K _xH, g rq`xH KH O_xH P# QO,
Q_^
, H~KOQ _^
# H_ $+~ K_. P# gH~ gH èx
Z< == e $+~ K_. (~ K~) Z< =H=O L#~^# OA=O
"^ K=# ^` H_ P#^. P# `KH~> gH~îH
<O=~|# |k k~K_. (8,9)
P< gH~ PH~ #~_ =O~ Hi < _. ^x gO `QÒ
g =H_ Jk "` =HO~ k. D =O~ Ô P# ~@
~_<_. Pe, ^H, YOO ~_, W~H WÒ J<H OH ~_
~_ < _. z~KiH W~^ Q K# L<. (10,11)
P# g H~ O~|=#, OK~ê J^
L~K_. #H ` H_ P# J^[< L<. qAH W~^
Y~P< "=$Ò
(16. #)
305
Z< xÔ <<. H~x O~QO~Q J<H == e H_ P<

gH~ $+~K_. > H_ Q}O~, Q~KiH xÔ<
L<. P< gH~ =^x J^ L~K_. J~^ #~z gO
u#_xH =~~, î ~K_xH #Q fO . =^~ F_ h>x pe
" Z =~^H Q` gO K< L<O. gO g =
J#Q~ (Lk) J<+, P#H H$À~ L~_>xH W^~`
$+~ K|_~k. (1214)
=~_~ q=e fHx ÔH ~_ L~_~^H P# ^xg^
O `# "HQ `_. P# (g H" ) #^ H_ =~
*_. gO î `H=_xH gQ [ =O, WÒ J<H z
H_ UOiK_. #H ` Ô H_ gO î `H~@<O. (15,16)
(qq^ $+O e) $+~ K_, U == # $+~ Kx _ (WÔ )
=#=Ò? gO P=`~ JO~ K HO? gO ^=x J#Q #
H ~K^
KH~> Z#>H H ~KO . x~^ ~Q P# Q H= je,
O= ^ =_. P#H g J~Ò h `. (17-19)
"O x[^=_ =ê POk # q^^ UXH == H $+H O

1
HO. O ` Q $+` , xs= r= H^. iH `= ZC_
(|uH~z) | _Ò H_ è^. (20,21)
g ^=_ XH_. O
Hx #=xi $^ (` ) uOO~
Q_ H@Hx L~k. O J~HO~` qOgy`<O. i J~Ò
K+
h ^=xH `. QO è P# Z#>H q~K_ . (22,23)
"ix Z=O< g= U~ J=ì~*_x J_y` ''J^, J""
sH H> O} ~_ Jx J~>O.
k<# O `= ()
O~` @, `= J*#~ J `H
#` Z=O=ix J=O~ >~ KO
"O~î () O~ H_ =@ H@H ~>O. K_, O Z~` hK" #
O~ `HH ~KH~@<O! (24,25)
"iH O~ H_ J<H=~k (`xH =uOH~Q) W~> ^+
<Q <O. K_, ^=_ i ^+ < Q H@_ x Z =~Q
He"_. JC_ #~_ ^x HC "i <ug^ O`Q qOKH
1. WH_ =O}~ z# =#=e Qi~z q~K|_~k. =H
, }O+
Kx# Ò` =_[#~ i qQ ÒK lO. H~Ô i
=ê POkO, J~HiO. >x "O@H~>O "H|_ K
H~>O. UH O #H =uOH" # D "Y ix YOP< f=~Q Y~_~k.
306
(16. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
_~ k. W "i TH `~ `@x " #~_ i H tH =z_~ k. (26)

WH ~ O[` ^=_ "ix OuO~Q J==#~,
Ju+
*_ . ''Ui <Q=? ix Qi~z gO [Q_= _
`~_O! iC_ Z@ O? Jx ^=_ ix t_ . ` *#~
~k#O ix K ''D OA ` u~~H J==#~, ÔQ
` = J#~>O. (26,27)
B#, P`=~K#H _ ^= ^`H @|_# ` uOOH (D
O~). ^= ^`H @|_#C_ O "~@< (`= uOO~, àO
`< =ê) iQ ~y` ''"= U~ ZOQ~ J#~>O. ^xH
^= ^` ''Z~^H ZOQO ? g K+
h ^=xH Q `. giC_
#OH~ H _~ _. JH_ giH `~Q L~_e Jx =^#qO .
x[~Q Wk Qi+
e@ O= K_x ~. (28,29)
WH ^= cu~ ~Qu: "ix Z=O< ''g = #~_ (g ^QO H )
U~ J=ì~z~k Jx J_y` ''=~z q+ " J=ì~z~k Jx K|Ò
"O. W~> [#H W@ WH~# " KHO`~k J@
O
H~<` (K #=O~ ^ .)- O
HQ$ ~ ie@ J`~` +" #
|=#~. ^= cuO H a~K DQ$~ Z~` ^ H" # k. (30)
"O "t~K ` O=< (K>) O =
L~>. i HiHH i J#Q}~Q JH_ = == a.
^= cuO H ^=_ W~> u
" k_ . ^= ^` i P`
# qÒQ L#_ n#~K H~@ ''gH ~u HQQH! gO
K H# (`) HO H u
~Q O~ "t ~K~_ Jx J~>O. (31,32)
==^ ()! giC_ ^xH~ ZÔK< O? (=O}) ^`
OHH~ ZÔK<O? H h = ~ P[(tH) H=? W~>
àO K+
giH O~ H_ J<H= ~k KO. (PÒ` [OQ= #
[iy~k). ^=_ iH Z~> J<~ K ^ . ~ P`=~K
#H _O . z=iH i K+
^+
ix K@H ~k. U q+ ~
Qi~z O # K ~ _O J^ i qOKH_~ k. (33,34)
''^=_ Hi` "=, = ```` Px ` =O=ih
POk~K = H=. JQ P# J^t~Kx^ U == x H_ =
J~`@ "= x+k~KH<= H= J~>O D |^ O^H .
W~> H iH O~ H_ J<H =~k KO. J` q+ x
([H) +~ Q KO
_~ ` ^= =H
=OH ^ ` ^ . (35)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(16. #)
307
2
"= u *u# =H
# q ~* =. "i Ô ''^=_
POk~K~_. ^+Hx POk~KH~_ Jx J~îH Ô=. Ò`
i H~îH ^=_ <O=~|# |k k~K_. =iH~î
J*# HOpH@ =OH<. ` uOO Z~> ^+O=#~
KqKO H ~ K~ uiy K_~_. (36)
==^! ix îH fHOx h= ZO` HOH< ( [#~
^ .) ^=_ î ` ~KQi# iH =O=O î K~KO . J~>
ix Z=O P^HO . (37)
"O ^=x O` Q>Q =} K ''^=_ Kx# O=ih
uiy |uH~z_ J#~>O. Z~^H _ ? J^H uOQx Q#~.
^x `H~_ <O"Ox ^=_ xO~KH<_. Hx K=~kH
è^. O qk # q+ ~ Qi~z i =~^ = ~ |@|
K e# J=O= ~k. J~`H^, ` uOOH `= J` ^=x
H_ èe. H#H Wk [iyfO`~k. ""^< == x LxHH fH
O^KH~> ''J JO> K, P x `$> [iy`~k. (38-40)
Ô#~ ~z# Ò` z=iH ^=#` H~ = iH
"= ~ K~ =~z P O k~ O
H~ J~`H~ > Q u
~ LOk. #~ = `= = g^ O~" xK D _`
(O
H~ Z~`=~z |=#=~^) `H~> Q~_.3 (41,42)
=H! hH O~ H_ "= i ^QO H = O^xz =#=
=H
Q ~=. gH èH` è#ix J_y `H~_. Q`
=HH_ "= +"# HÔ, k=Q~^ Wz ~=.
WC_ *H (YOP<)# h J=ì~* O. [H~ ~#^x [H
q=i~K_xH, ~Q O H_ z~K_xH W K=. (43,44)
^+<Q #`#O `=# ^=_ qH J}Q`H_x
^ O U=`~ T~Kx "#~_ `=H P^ O^x xt~`Q
L<O? H O J@W@ uOQ`#C_< `=# ^=_ @H_x
xO~Q L<O? H O^~< P^ =O^x _ ^x @
2. nx |> u *u, u Q~ [H OA=O~ K_xH ^=
=H
q ~KOx `~k. J~^= O` ^~ H_ ^= =H
q ~z
L~_=Kx K =K.
3. =H Jq > ^ i ~KH `= qx H_H=_xH =H
#~_ JaxH =# =~ # Qi~z WH_ q~K|_~k.
308
(16. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
J=` L# u<< ^=_ `=# @H_x q<O? ^=_

K ^KH#^x gO Uq^~ Q# J_H O . x[OQ h = Z~`
^ =_, ^H}
=i. (45-47)
"O ^=_ $+~ z# U == h iH~z K_^ ? P == h_
H_ Z_= " _` ^=x =~^ Z ~Q_`< Q=
x~KO? W $+
x J}=}= (^=x @) `# q#=` =H O ~k.
=Hx = r=H>,4 ^=^` ^=x =~^ q#=
`=~K`<O. O Z~> J~HO~ KH ~_ ## `= =H
_ `~>O `=H *sK P[ HO" #_KH~>O. (48-50)

''WÔ ^=# K HH~_. ^=_ J XH_. H#H gO <H

_~ _ Jx ^=_ +~ Q K|`<_. =H L# =~ P#
`. (=` q~) P# xOt~z# r=#q^#" #_~k.
J~@C_ gO ^=_ H^x WÒ H Z
_` O? (51,52)
gH a~z# Qh ^=_ k~z#". g U^< P^ =z
_` gO P< "O@H ~>O. Hx ^=_ P Hx Ô~K Q<
g H~Ô P#H WÒ e >He O . Dq^~ Q O, K# "
=Oz `= = @ H$` Ò. O (H<@) SH M
A~H~_, Ò< (^x O =#~ Uq>) gH è`~k. (53-55)
"= k~z# Lk O `=H èx> (q^^ )
H~ H~` (<"^~Q) xO<O. ''(JqO!) ^=H! D
J `H
## Qi~z q=e ` H~_ xn t~K_~ [OQ`~k.
"O `= H" ` `=H+" # ix (J~> H=Oe) ZOKH~>O! Hx
^=x H~ H=Oe uk< O. ZO`\ JKOxH _O ! (56,57)
"i Z=iH< HÒ >~ ^x O qx K, "~@< J`x
"~ =_ =_KH `~k. J`# # `Q ^ _ `_. ''D
ÔO q<H WH <"~ [<xH Z K~K#? Jx q [
#~_ ` ~KH~@ uOQ`_. J~`H^. D J==#O~` Hì
JQ J> @H H =>
_>? Jx f=~Q Pz_ .5
K_, (^=x q+ ~) gO Z~> xO
fH~@<O! (58,59)
O
Hx q~KxiH (W~>) Ô}
, ÔH }
a.
4. DHx |> =#~ x=~K =~_~<QH PH~x WÒ Q
H_ r=O<x `~k. (42:29, 65:12
, ^ zH K_~_.)
5. q=OH 43:18, 53:22, 81:8 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(16. #)
309
^=x q+ xH P# J`#` Q} H_. P< J~^s

q~z# H= ~`_, = q"H= ~`_. (60)
[ _`# Ô< , ^H ^=_ ix "~@< @H
ê q XH_ qQ_. P# iH xs`H ~ =OH Q_ q< _.
P Q_ = fOQ< WH XH _ H_ "#H=~^ H*^. "O `=
H~ W+ _ x >x ^=x H~ uk< O. Q `=H~` " [OQ
`~^x J|^ `<O. iH XH> O\ L~k. J^ #OHy.
J~îH~> =~^ i< J~^H `_~ [OQ`~k. (61,62)
=H! ^= H! O~ H_ "= J<H* ` =^H =He ~=.
+`< i K+e =<O" # qQK iH K_. P +`< D<_ giH
_ ~OHH__. giH~ ÔO`# L~k. O He~KH#
q^ # Qi~z x*x* "_ K

_xH "g Q~^~ h kOK=.
q~KiH DQ~^~ =O^ i xQ, HO}^xQ =z~k. (63,64)
^=_ PH~ #~_ =O~ Hi < _. P< ^xÔ =$` qH
r=~ < _. (` ^) PH~KiH W~^ QK# L~k. gH~
= H_ Q}O~ L~k. > @x _H , OHxH =^ #~_
""H (=Ô) h~ f gH `Q_xH k<=. J~>
K" # . `QiH Wq Z~` H=Q L~>. (65,66)
JQ YOO ~ _, ^H ~ _ #~_ H_ ""H q^" # h~ f
gH `Q_xH W< =. ^x gO =` h~Q, i^ PO~Q
` OKO . |k=~`H W~^ H_ Q K# L~k. (67)
h = `<>QH ~^~ ~` ''H~_, K@, ~k
ZH~z# ` =^ `<`@ xi~KH. OHOH ~_Ox (+=
HO~ ^x) Pk h = Q=OK# =O #_ Jx P^t~K_.
D `<>
Q #~z XH q^" # O~QO~Q #H~ "=_`~k. W~^
[H ` H_ L~k.6 ~`=#` z~KiH D q+ ~
Q K# L~k. (68,69)
^=_ q=e >~K_. P `~"` g} H_ P<
f< _. g H~Ô Jh èH _ Ug è#~` nO (=$^ )
=H KOH~@<O. x~^~Q ^=_ ~O *#~#_,
O H= ~`_. (70)
6. "^ O~ Q `<
J<H [<<x K=~kH `. <x
"^ q^#~ `<# ^ # == Q _>xH HO}~ W^.
310
(16. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Lk q+ ~ ^=_ g H~îH H~î PkH ` xK_. W

JkH` ~k#O `= x` =# qÔQ iH `=
Lkx ~z=O H^! JO@_ O ^=_ K# "# Z =Oz
Px xOHi<O? (71)
^=_ gH~ g *u#~_
# $+~ K_. P< P
Ô
gH H_H, =#=# k< _. J~`HH~_ u#_xH gH Z<
=~z =~z Ô _ W< _. =i (W^~` è H_) gO q^
q+ < #=`<O? ^=_ K# "# =~z H$` `<O?
O x[^=_ =ê, =H #~_ `=H U=`~ Lk xK H
x
q^^ # POk < O. J ^ D x K = H_. H#H
^=x q+~ (Px WÒ` ` `C_) LÔ}
W=H~_. ^=xH =`" `, gH è^.7 (72-74)
^=_ XH LÔ} W< _ (K_~_): XH x L<_ WÒ
Jn#~. `#~`@ `# Uh K _xH J`xH JkHO~ ^ . (KO
_~#) =OH =H L<_. "=`xH =~z Lk k~KO. J~^
H~` J`# O ~Q#, |O~Q~Q# (= =O~ ) YO_< _.
WC_ K ~_. giÔ XH>< ? (H^x K H ` ^.) ^=_ ~ h_.
Hx K=~k (D =H> =@ H_) JO~ K HH `<O. (75)
^=_ =OH LÔ} W< _: WÔ =#+<O. i XH_
=Q_. Q Uh K x J=O_ . J~^= J`# `# [=xH
O" L
<_. [=x J`_ ZH_H ~< Z~> O fHO_ .
J` O~_= =H ([H) =~zx k L~>_. ~Q J`#
H_ <O~ #_KH~>_. K ~_, giÔ XH>< ? (76)
7. |^ O^H `= $+H O , q, =, +H _ J# ^=_ XH_
Jx #=Ò. J` H$ u H
, qQ , `= He~KH# WÒ q^^
P =^=x `~ xK # JkHOx, P# H= > O K
`~^x q~z O q^^# POkO. O ^=_ ~zH KH=O`
`, KH=i ^QO H <O Q " _~, J`_ X~K_~ H+~ Q#H, J`x P#~
L~_ L^Qe # ~ K H~> O`x ^QO `=# Qi~z O KOx , JQ
`= l~K D ^=` H_ ^=x ^QO O KOx J~>O.
YOP< D Jax Y~_~k. `C _ Ò} Ô ^=_ ~zH
OA` `, P#H =#= |#è Pk~KH _^x , Dq+ ~ ^=_
=`" O# Ò} Wz = ~ è* Q_x K|`~k. P Ò ` 75,76
H
O# Ò} O~_>x O~@, `x q=i~z~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(16. #)
311
312
(16. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=H L# = JQKO ^=xH =`" `.

~
O=_xH Z~` @^ . O @ Jk =z_ `~k. J~`H~ > `H =
H~< O=K. x~^ ~Q ^=xH J}=} JkHO~ L~k. ^=_
q=e gHg èx u g` QO #~_ f_. P# gH
K_>xH HoK_, q#_xH K=eK_, Pz~K_xH $^ xK_.
gO H$`[` KÒ< P# W=h gH k~K_. (77,78)
"O PH~ ZyO He iH~z K_^?8 >x (#~)
^=_ ` =~=~< xe=OKQ~? q~KiH W~^ Q
K#<. (79)
^=_ gH~ g Q$# ~` xQ K_. P# g
H~ KO` èH> Q_O (H_) xi~K_. gO }~
L<, XHK@ |K < Jq ("H _xH) èQ L~>. P =
O=`, Lx`, "~_H` gO î~K, _H< qq^ ==
` OKO . Jq H~`H~ =OH gH L Q_ `<. (80)
W~H ^=_ `# $+~ z# J<H == Ô gH~ h_ UO@
K_. O ` P ~ ~^_xH Q xi~K_. Z~_"_ q #~_
H_ ^
$l~K_. ^~ gH OH}
H=KQ L Q_
^
H_ $l~K_. gO q^
L~>O< ^=_ Dq^~ Q gH
J<H [< KH i "K_. ==^ ()! (W~` #K* <)
gO q=Y ` (x), ~^x +~ Q J~^*
_" h x. ^=_
K# "q> iH `. J< O `x xOHi< O. i
K=~k H$` L<O. (8183)
"= (fOk<#) u J#KO =^~ #~_ XH H (=H) x
`z x>#C_ JqH (`= Q_ "H=_xH) J#=u

a~K^ .9 H= } H~H=x _ "iH K _O [OQ^ . D ÔO
(#OH) `## Fi (Kq)KH~> WH P`# f=` U=`~ `y~ K
|_^ . (` ~KH=_xH) Z~> J=H~ H_ W=|_^ . (84,85)
|^ O^H (`= He~KH#) q^^ e K#C_ '' !

x# =ê "= i~z# = Q= (q^^ ) gO J~>O.
Hx P q^^ i =@ Y~_ ''gO J`^ Jx
+~ Q K.10 JC_ O ^=x =~^ iQ ~yÒ. i
J ` H#h i#~_ H#=OQ `. (86,87)
~Q `= `x uO i~K_" QH (WÒ e H_) ^= =O~
H OH~_ xOk~z#iH "i ÔOxH u~Q "= tH tH
qk=. (W "ix #OH~ << `#H QiK=.) (88)
(=H!) "= u J#KO =^~ P =^xH K~k#
XH H (=H)x `z x_=. J`< =^xH uOQ
H q_ . JC_ giH uOQ H q=_xH "= x# fHz
x_O. (nx H" ) "= uq+ h +~ Q qnHi~K (YOP<)
Q~^x h J=ì~* O. D Q~^~ (=H) q^
# i H~ KH >
=O^ i xQ, HO}^xQ, O H@
#Q J=ì~z~k. (89)
^=_ q=e <~Q ==i~Kx, " K x, |~^ =
@ ^ ` "Qx P^t< _. K_ , Jj~, Ô< *eH H_^x
i< _. gO q+ ~ Q ~K_xH ^=_ gH q^~ Q L^t < _.
^=x Og^ gO^< Q#~ K=~> ^x <O"O~_. JQ ^=_
HQ K gO^< =}~ K=~> ^x ~QOKH~_. ^=_ g
K~ x>h Q=x< _. (90,91)
H+ _ # =_H ^x K*` =H =HQ `~z"#

g iu =OH _^ . XH*u =OH*u H~> ZH= [< ~^
Ô^ ~` gO O O~ "y~KH=_xH g =}# x=@Q
_`<O. Hx ^=_ D =}, Q< Ô q=e sHH
QiK<_. gO OO~ qk~KH# q+x x*x*q\
k<# ^=_ ` H~_ g=~^ "_ _ . (92)
8. H 14 " *`<. Hx OH H PH~ 8 Hg@O Z`

=OH ZQOQ
=. =iHx < H~_ UH^ >Q O~_O ^H ZQOQ
=.
9. #O`# k<# qKO}H~ =#=~^s uiy |uH~K_~ [OQ`~k.
JC_ u *uH H J#KO =*xH K~k# ^= =H, ^ P =H J#~Ò~
P# ^# KO~ K [H OHi}=# Qi~z Ki~z#
^H `= `=*u [H ^= ~^~ J~^* =x q = =~^ H ~
K|Ò. ^~` ùOOH Z~> H KCH< J=H~ U=Ò
a~K^ . (W^ J^~x 89 = H H_ K_~_.)
10. WH_ q^ ^ , gO ==e J POk~K ^~ @ |^ O^H

# uO iOx JO~ H^. "= ^=_ =ê ==e i~K=x gH Z#_
K ^x , J g O# e Qi~K =H è^x J~>O. gO ==e HiH
fOiQ, P^
"HiQ q~K~O> Jk g`Qx, ^xH "= ^ ~
H=x _ K|Ò. Dq^~ Q |^ O^H ^=x =~^ K J`x O
Y~_O . nx|> [ ^=x q+ ~ O# PÔ, Q> =}g H ~_
=`<H<|_ i Z=i |_` ix Q_Q J#i~KH _^x , u =x+ `#
rq`q^<xH, #_=_HH =HQ ` ~ Q ^=x =~^ ^ _=`_x `~k. (WÒ
q=OH 10:28,29 39:3 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(16. #)
313
(g Z~> q^ H ~_ L~_x) ^=_ ~He~KH~>

P# q=~^s XH *uQ, XH =[~Q K_. Hx ^=_ `#
`z# q^~ Q H~îx =O + ` ~ _" _ =iH~îH OA=O~
K_ . (fOk<#) gHO e Qi~z ` H qKO} [OQ`~k. (93)
(== O!) gO O O~ "y~KH=_xH g =}# x
=@Q _H~ _. J K (Ô ~) O ~ Q L# (#==~ ) ^
`_| _=K. (W) ^= =O~ J=O^~ $+~ z# <OxH gO ^+e `~
KqK_= =~ k HiH ÒQH~_ `~Q
L~@~k. #~ =~z#iH "= i ` OH ` H~_ +" #
u
~ k=. (95,96)
O+_~<, J< q J=O_ Ò K, iH
"= i^ rq`~ Q_ K=. i ` OH Ju+" # u
~
k~. (97)
gO YOP< i~K`#C_ (=~^Q) Q_~# +` ) ''h" D YOP<x He~z ` < =x
J~>O. J i K=~k. J*#, =O
L<O. (101)
11
"iH KC: ''nx i^` ^`^~Q g = ^QO #~_
J=ì~* _. q qx =i~` >+ ~ K _xH, q^
#
iH <O~ K, O J~^*
_xH (DQ~^~ J=ì~z~k). (102)
hQi~z O, XH=H W`xH (YOP<) <O `<_x K|`# ~Qu
=H `. Hx O U =x+x L^t ~z D =@ J~@<O J`#
JO Ò _. W^" +" # JOc + J=ì~z~k. (103)
11. ^=x ^QO ~z P# =H
H kq+$u (=)x KO ^= ^` [`
lc (J )x WH_ i^` Jx O#|_~k.
314
(16. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^=x H
q~Kx iH ^=_ Z#>H <O| k k~K_ .
J~>iH ÔO
`# ` ^. ^=x H
q~KxO (W~>)
J|^ HÒ. O J J` ^. (104,105)
Z=O< ^=_, (P# =H#) q~KH =u_ |Q =
Jq Ô} =H~ K, JC_`x $^ ~ =`~ qu < L~>
J~> =H ^+~^ .12 JQH~_ Z=O< L^ OH~Q< uOO
Yi J=~a J`x ^Q~ qOKH _`~k. J~>iH
O" # (#OH) `# L~k. (106)
12. ~Ô< [OQ`#C_ =x+ }
~` =#iQ Jq
(H) H HH _^ . iQ q (D=<) u L#C_ =`" Jq
(H) H H_xH DH
J#=u W=|_~k. J` qx H_
H=_xH }~ < O, #~ =~K_~ Q `Q~ Jx~KH~@~k. =H
J#KO D O~_ "Y
O =#H QKi.
[` Y a< JO` (Ol)x =H |^ O^H JyH} g^ _
Jkq > L~KÒ. ^~` P# ggk KO ~ He H= Hiy`~k. P Hiy#
H=`< xCH} K| _ `. J Jq
H Ox=H~_ W~ Ô ~ O ~ Q L~>O.
[` a (Ol)x Jq W# H=K~ `_y~z ===_ Z~_
Q~@ Ò| _ x> O. Ò ` Z~_H f=~Q H`# WH g^ _"
D_O. J#>H P# #~ =~z XH_, (^=_H_) Jx eHO.
[` c a< *^ (Ol)H |@H =H =e ÔO `#
_`_. XHH J=x #iH " `## ^= =HQ J~wHi~K=x ~~K_.
J` [` c (Ol) W `# J= J<H~ `y z=iH }~
q_O . Hx P ÔO_ ^= =HQ J~wHi~KO . Q `# J==~ `y#
us P# J`x =@# Q>Q uO i~ _O.
[` J=O a< O (Ol) H ^> P# `^ ~ _e ` uOO
z` ~ > K~O. P Ò ` Px H_ P ÔO
<< `#
_, `= K #@ ==^ (~ )x ^+~z, `= ^=`# Q_= ~kQ
|=~`~ KO. z=iH [` J=O (Ol) D ^
H `H O H=x
P^t~z# =@h eHO.
P Ò ` P# Ok ^= =H (~ ) xkH =z ''^= =H! <# q=e
Qi~z K_Q, i ^=`# Qi~z =~zQ H#~`=OH O ## =ê
@^ Jx J<O. ^= =H (~ ) D =@ qx ''JC_ h $^ u Z
L~_~k? Jx J_QO. ^xH P# ''<#C_ i q (D=<) u<
L<# Jx =^#qKO. ''J` O =OC _< W Ô# ~ K, h= =m
J~> =@ H J<O ^= =H (~ ) (WH~ )
Y~P< "=$Ò
(16. #)
315
"O OH rq`xH |^ ~zH rq`< HOH<O.

J~> JqH ^=_ Z#>H <O~ K_ . ^=_ i $^
H> =" _. i K=H, H H "_. O iQ U=O
@H QO O. "O O
H~ O~Q #+ O. J~^ WH
Z~> J#=<xH P~O ^ . (107-109)
nxH a#~Q (`x q~z# HO}~Q) _~ K|_, z=iH
~
=ê =#O P `~` ^= =O~ O_` J<H X_^ _H
Z^~#O #~` ==i~z#O- J~>i @ h = Q
H= je, Jq` ^ =_. =#=~` `=# `= H_H<
`~ =xy L~_ (
)k<# u =x+H J`# K H# HO H i
u
~ a ~ k. Z=iH Z~> J<~ [OQ^ . (110,111)
^=_ XH @}~ Qi~z# LÔ} W<_ (Q=xOK~_): P
@}
" Z~` ~` rq`~ Q_ `<O. #" #~_ iH
Q Lk a~k. Hx P [ ^=_ K# D "# qi~z
P#H H$` O. JC_ ^=_ "iH i ^+O O =#~
KqK~K_. PHe,
~^# =^=~ i =z_~ k. i
^Qi H i *uH K~k# XH =H =z#>H O`x =@ q#H~_
xOHi~KO. z=iH P ÔO (^=)tH qOKH_~k. (112,113)
H|> =#=O! ^=_ k~z# Ô =`" # i^ Lkx
u~@ P#H H$À
L~_~_. gO x[~Q ^=_ POk~KO`
W K~_. P# gH =$` [~`=x, OHx, ~k=~x,
^" ` O H x"k~K|_#^x x+k~K_.13 J` Z=O< PHeH `H
Q` ~Ò~ x iu D x+k` u~> J~^ `C ^ . HH`
J`# ^ [# L~ ~K, ^g i_ L~_H _^ . (J~>i
q+ ~) ^=_ Hq ~K_, HO }~K_. (114,115)
13. D q+ x W~`H O~ =_ K@ q~K_~ [iy~k. 2:173, 5:3,
6:145 H
K_~_. ^ ` O H
O` l| K |_# H =~~ u#_~
x+^~ (O~) J#_~ Z~> ~^ ~ ^ . J` H~Ô =~ Ô ^QO ,
=b (^= ) =^ ^QO `= "H|_ fOH=_xH ^=xO` l|
K = =~~ u#_~ ` ^x qO . Hx P =e ^=xO LK
i~z l|KH, ^" ` O O q~K|_#
u [~`= x+^" Jx ^ Q~^~ * g O#|_~k. JQ ''Z=O<
H_, `kHi, ^ Q=H OH@
Px QOq~z # ~ K H=_xH
[~`=# ^=x O` l| K# >H Jk O~ J=`~k Jx # M
Q~^~ Ô=MO
H_ L~k.
316
(16. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
gO W> <>Hz#@ ''Wk Ô =`" # k, Jk JÔ "# k Jx

J|^ H`<O. W~> P[ *sK ^=x g^ J`x
"H~ _. ^=x g^ JÒ} KO Z#>H
~ K~Ô .
(J` Ô) H< =`" [#~ ~^QÒ. Hx z=iH
O (OH~) ÔO tH KqK_= =~k. (116,117)
nxH O~ "= hH è*# >x ^H x+k~K=.
"= "iH J<~ K ^ . O `=H`= J<~ K H<O.
J` Z=~< J*#~ = HO~ K P `~ "` `~ K~k `=
#_=_H# ik^H ~>, J~>i e@ h = JO H= je, Jq`
^ =_ J=`_. (118,119)
W~ (=`=*xH) Q <H_. ^=x @ i q^
``
H_# J~H` =~Q H _ . J`# U<_ ^" ` O H e POk~z#_
H^. ^=_ K# =HO @ P#H ^ H$À_ ~ L~__.
(JOK`) ^=_ J`_ `H~Q Z#Hx OA=O~ K_. Q
~K~ J`xH =~zx k~K_. OH~ J`# `H~_
[# i Q}~ K|_`_. J~^= h= UHQz`_ " |^ O^H _
Hx W|~ (r=#) q^<x J#i~K=x "= h^QO H kq+$u
(=) J=ì~* =. (120123)
xO~ x=~` qk ~z#i < "= ^x qk~KO. O
qk ~z#> Qi~z h = ` H~_
k<# fOK_ . (124)
=H! [# q"H~`, KHx L^~` h = =O~ "#H
=. L`"`= su q+x i` Ki~K. Z=O <O~
L<O, Z=O P =O~ Ò h =H Q `. (125)
gO fHO~ fOH^KH~> g U"OH Ô#~ [iy~^
P"OH fHO~ fOH~_. J` gO #~ = (=~zk), P #~
#jOH Z~` [#HO= =`~k. =H! #~ =~K. D #
Q}~ hH ^ #Q ~ =< Ja~k. (H#H) "i K+
@ ^ _ H . i
^+<Q =# z#|KHH. ^=_ OHO, ^=cuO
} H < L~>_. (126128)

XH n HO~ XH`# ^= =H (~ ) xkH =z ''<# '|< ^ ~
("H|_) X~># l| K êK# Jx J<_. ^= =H (~ ) D=@ qx
''JH_ =_H ~ [ l L~_# qQ ~ U^< L~^? Jx J_QO.
^xH [ ^< O. ''=i JH_O `= (Q`) L` U^< L`x [O
H<O? Jx J_QO ^= =H (~ ) =m. ^xH [ J~>^g ^< O.
JC_# P ^ ~ "H|_ fOH=_xH P =HH J#=u WKO.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(17. |hW~)
317
17. W ~ù (|h W~)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 111
D J^x ''|h W (W ~ù) J~>O. J`

W~^ W ~ù Qi~z K `H=Q q~K|_~k. Wk
^==H (~) QQ# O@# ("O*) ~Ô~Q r HO~xH XH
~=Ò~ =~^ J=ì~z#@ J<H LY<# |\ Òk.
W ~ù` @ J<H WÒ*` `xH q=Y~
KqK# ^+O=< #~_ Q}O~ Q~z, ==^ =H ()
J~^* ~^~ Hi~K=~kQ ^=_ D J^~ |Ô^H
H `=K_.
J~`QH W~^ =#=` q=e Qi~z# =eH q+e H_
q~K_~ [iy~k. JO>, =#= ^qH q\ `Hx,
"\x <~"~x <H K_O [iyOk. P `~"` Jq "k~H
Q~~ ÔOrq`~ Q_`# =~H #~ =~Kx, ^==O~
Oz`~ L~_x `^~ K|_~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

^=_ Z~` i^_ . P# `# xÔ < K_xH XHOA Ou
`#1 ^} H=^ #~_ Ô# L# JM=^ ^QOH f
H_. P =^ iO# P# =~`~ K_. x~^~Q
P# =~ q~@<_. `H~Q u^h K<_. (1)
1. Wk ==H ==^ (~ )Qi QQ# O @#H ~|~k~z# ~ @#.
n< "O* J~>O. qq^ n HO~ ==H (~ ) FOA Ou x^`~>
^= ^` lc (J ) =z Px |OM J< k=#~ g^ (*O ~ ) `
=d (JM) =^ fH O. JH_ (Q`) ^= =H
` H #=* KO. JH_
#~z ` H #O ZH H~ux q~z# "Q~ ` TO HH "O. P H
H~Ô =Y ^= =H
# HH<O. JH_~z P# X~@iQ OO
J< =O q+ =^ =~ Ô |OMx q~z# Q~ ` ^=xH K ^QO Q "O.
P#` ` H~ Q =>_O. P ~Ô ~ ^=_ ''=~ uOE J^
"
qkQ #=* K e J# P[ *sK_.
=iHx LY < HO~ ^= =H (~ ) H O @# ~Ô ~ Q O
#OH, JH_ q# H_ HO K#@ `~k. J~`> nO O @#
H =~ Hx xq iH=_~ q+~ . =O<_ L^ ~ "O* =$`~`~ Qi~z
^= =H (~ ) [<xH è` Jq Px # KO. J^H J`~`H
HO" # L^~`~. (D ~ @# QiOz q=O~Q `H_xH 'WqH i~ O@~
#O_ "=_# ''=h ==^ () P^~ rqÒ H O K^= O_.)
318
(17. |hW~
Y~P< "=$Ò
"= Wk=OH =H H_ k=Q~^~ k~K=. ## `

=O=ih ~OHH_Q KH=^x L^t P Q~^x "= W
~ùH =OîxQ K=. #` @ " F_ ZH~z#i
~`#=! (q#~_) # ^=x @ H$À_
# H _ . (2,3)
"= =Q~^~ W ~ùix Ki, gO ~ K~
O~_O ~H~ $+ Ox , qugi# Ô ~HO~ î Ox O<O.
P O~_>
"^> i Ô~~HO~ î ~K =~ P#"# C_
"= gH =uOH~ Q J`~` H= ~`# = ê fHK=. O
g ^~ KKH #= ~KO. J^H Q#~. Jk D
q^~Q <O"i~k. `~"` gH i PkH` ~^ J=HqK=.
~`#~, i~^
` gH ~ K~. g [<# JkH~ K~.
q#~_! gO^< =~zx K Jk g H ^^_ `~k. K_ x
K Jk gH_ H îf~ k.
P Ò ` O~_= Q# =~ =z#C_ gH =uOH~ Q "=
=OH `=Ox `z>=. O g OOY# qH$`~Q =i"
_xH, Wk=OH>
`=O~ Q (` =d) =^ H KKH =_xH,
O PHq~z# u^h O <#~ K _xH "q K=. (4-7)
WC_ g = q=e HO }~K J=H~ H ^ . J` gO
=m Q`~ K# @=~> K+
K =`~, "= H_ gH uiy J^
KO. ` uOO H~ "= #OHx HOQO~Q KL
~KO. (8)
x~^~Q D YOP< iQ OA=O~ K`~k. `x
q~z Ò PKi~KiH Qu~ a~^x O J~^
*~k. O
Hx q~KxiH "= ÔO `# ^ O z
L~K=x
H_ Wk Ki~k. =#=_ (=~^K H ~_) "H |^
H_ HOH~@<_. J`# x[~Q K `~Ô @ H_. (9-11)
"= Oux, Q>
x O~_ K#Q K=. Ou K## (g
q~u H~) pH>= ~Q KO. JQ gO g = J#Q ~ (Lk)
J<+~K_xH <, ~=Ò H `H=_xH gQ "=
Q>x H=~`~Q KO. D q^~Q "= u q+h +~Q
qnHi< O. (12)
"= u =#=_ *`Hx J`x "_< "_nO.
k<#
XH z\ f J`x=~^ _=. J`# ^x Òz
# H ~ K_ ''WkQ K^ =H hHO z\. DOA h HO H K_>xH h" K.
(13,14)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(17. |hW~)
319
U=x+ <O~ J=~a_ P <O~ J`xH ^ H==`~k.

JQ Z=_ =O + _ `_ P =O + ` ~ J`xH K@ `z_~ k.
()O~ " _=_ WÒ ()O~ "_ . ([H Ô ~
Uq>, JÔ~ Uq> q=i~K_xH) XH ~Ô_ ~#~`=OH
"= Z=ih Z#>H tH~ K=.2 (15)
""^< [#Ô <#~ K ^KH~> =~^Q JH_ ^x HH
XH P[ *sK=. ^x O _Kq #> ÔOH _Ò. ^~`
P [#^~ tHOO `~k. "= ^x =~Q `_z_O.3 (W)
2. YOP<< HxK@ ^=_ Jqe qKi ''g ^QiH < =H
O^?Jx t_ . ^xH O =KOx K|Ò. ^= =H
-k=Q~^ KOx
O, |kO , L<^, =<kQ
, WÔ =H
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Qi~z H_ ^=_
k<# fOK_ . iH Z~> J<~ [OQ^ .
POA P# ''#OH~ "t ~K~_x P* _ ix (`# ^` Ô).
JC_ i H~Ô ^ [ tO= "~@< #OH~ "t O . J` #OH~
ix H^. (Z~> ^ L~_^ .) P Ò ` ix OxH ~_~ [OQ`~k.
=iH~Ô D P[# >~K_xH ^_O. ^=^` J~>ix D_Ho
#OH~ qi _ O . (=^ J^)
U=~#>H ^= Ô ~ J~> Uq> èx =HH Jk Z=i Ô<< , U
O~<< Ki# Ò ` WH J`< `# HO H ^ _=`_. J~> `#H Ki#
`x q~z `^# Q}~Q rq`~`~ uH rq`~ Q_ ` O
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# `H , O MH JO_=`_. J K H~_ `# =~^H =z# `x
uO i ^ Q xH QO #OH~ =`_. `# ^QO H ` ~ KO
^ x H
K _xH WH J`xH~> J=H~ a~K^ .
P ` ~ J`xH Z=iÔ U O~ KO `~^, Z KO `~^ ^=xH
=`" `. J~^= ` ~ KOx i iu Uq@x t~K_~ =x, J~>
iH `= `x U "OH KO" =x Pìj# K H=_~ qA x.
^= ~Ô J~^* ^ ` ^= =H
=`" ^ . i J#KO ~#
=~ H_ L~k. =H
`= ^ ` xO~z x+q~KO. J~u= ^= =H
==^ (~ ) H_ `# ^ ` <O" i "oO. WC_ ^ `# P#
J#K~ # =~ xO~K= L~k. O `= OQ# L~_, `=` H
xK, ~zH ==O ÒK
Q `=H Ò _ =" Ò H ^= ~^~
J~^*
H` =O}#~Ò~ ^= <#~ D =" Ò i Ja Q~
"Ò. JC_ q = =" Ò e =ê KO^ ` qi~z# =~ #
xn =^=~k. (WÒ q=OH 7:6 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
3. U^< *u H [#^~ HO K _~ ^g i#C_ ^x K
i~K_xH ^=_ z# z# H$ u " s ` `z__ . ^~`@ ^= =H
Ô
320
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Y~P< "=$Ò
"= #(=H) `~"` J<H Ò# <#~ KO. h =H `#

^ HOq> Q `. P# Jx>h Q=x< _. (16,17)
` O~ a~K ~zH == HOH_. (18)
WH O
H Q~ HOH~@ ^xH~ `y# H$+K O` , ^~`@
O q H_ J=~>, i H$+H ` H~_ PÔ}
a ~ k.
D L
H "= (~ K~ Z~`H~`) r=#=y W~ >=. Wk
h = J#Q ~ h = J#Q x Z=O J_H O . (19,20)
"= ~K~ XHi =OHiH Z B#`~ k~K"
H~<` i ^ J~`
=i~` OQ`. (21)
K_~_.4 O
H#H gO ^=x` @ =OHx PO^ ^= ~Q K Hx l~KH~ _.
J K gO x~k`, x H|_ Ò. (22)
h = `# P[ W *s K < _:
gO XH (x[) ^=_ ` =O=ih POk~KH~ _.
è^ ~ _ @ ^=~` =H~_. g =~^ iî
Z=O< =$^
L
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qke~z =>_H ~ _. i` QO=~Q =>_~ _ ^ O $^ ~`,
q#~` i =~^ `=~zL~_~_. (i@ QOÔ}
`)
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J h= gix HO }~K Jx i~K~_. (23,24)
g $^ ~ U=~^ g =H Q `. gO Q#H [#
L
~>, (`~ `) `#" =O O~^s P# Hq _ . (25)
^ =H
J#KO Ô OA=O~ _ . | D q+ < WH_''XH
P[ *s K=x K |_~k. =Y~Q P *u H [#^~ x OH|_
Q ^x HH, JkHOH Ô ^~ " =_~ [OQ`~k. J>H P *u ^=
~^x _Kq #> K_ iQ HOH`, H~, =O^ =~ =QO
q`
Ô ^=_ ^x `_z__ . (26:208,209 H
H_ K_~_.)
4. WH_ XHi =OHiH B#`~ k~K_= ~>, Jq qH
B#`~ k~K_= x JO~ . B#Ò J~> PiH~ Q, JkHO~ s` B#`=x
JO~ H^. ^= cu, O
H z~`#` @ hu x*f` H_# QO=^" #
rq`~ Q__" B#`~. J~> q OH~ J`#` OM
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O.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(17. |hW~)
321
|~^ =, xO^, @O H <O" O ~_.

ÔYO K H~_. ÔYO KO +`< Ô Q
iQ}~ K|_Ò. +`< `# =H H$` _ _. (26,27)
gO ^" #Q ~ Pt~z ^xH~ xsH (^H ~ K
H) i#~_ ` ~KH==, iH =$^=Q [a=~_. (28)
gO gKux (U=`~ ^#~K H~_) "_H H> L~KH~ _.
JQ ^x iQ Òz
L~K_~ H_ iH^. JK gO
x~k`, x Ò. h = `#Hi# q^~ Q H~îH
W`kH~ Q Lkx, =i H~îx qH QiK_ . P#H `#
^ u Q` Q`. P# ix K< L<_.(29,30)
î^
~` g ~`<x K~HH~_. "= iH POq
<O, gH W<=. "ix K~_~ O"# ~.5 (31)
5. ^=_ $+H O , PO^ _ =`" H^ P# #HO, +H _ H_.
}H>x +~K ^ `# P< fH<_. Lk =O# H =#= H$+
=`" K QO. Lk ^` x*xH ^=_. OQ`# [<H J#Q}~Q
P# POù H_ ~K`<_. JkHù H~ <_ ==O~Q~ J^`
q^<, JÔ} ~HuH ^` e =#=H J#Q ~z#_ P ".
=#^~ U H`~ <> 45H@ [< r=#=}~ H~> <_ 100H@
[< r=#=}~ "OQL~k. WÒ^ H_ J~`. ZH_ HxK@ =`"
H~Ô Hh=O ÔH ^ _ < O. nxHO}~ q POù `y ~
^x JO~ H^. =#= ^= ^# =ê J#i# J [ PiHq ^< Lk
~}
J= `, =`<O`# $+ < . `` e `~Q H
k @#
PO^ < y_~ Q U Ò| _ ~}H <KHH =H`<. Hx ^
#` J^#~Q ~_# PO``
# ^Z `# `Q
@_ " , =^~ O"

_" [OQ`~k. D xOH~ H~ P ^ H>k _O YO_`<.
<> H, PiH" `
~~ # PiH q^<` PO``
H=~Q
~} K H UH~Q ~`<ù< JiH> KO H _`<O. J~> `>
=#=~ù< `=O`<O#=@. W~`H~ > P`` ^$ ~ =OH> L~_^ .
(41:10 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.) YOP< Wk iQ P*#~, =O` ` H_#
KO J~>~k. nx= O O~Q #+ Òx Ki~k.
''î^ ~` g ~`<x (K*`) `=OHH~_. "= iH
POq< O, gH W< ~. (6:151, 17:31) ''J*#~, =O` ` `= ~`<x
K~H<O,.. O~Q #+ Ò. (6:140)
W~> J*# u Q~, u *u# î^
~` `= ~`
<x `=O`<O. H@~| x~`} O` <_ <QiH=x KC H<O
322
(17. |hW~
Y~P< "=$Ò
=aKO~ î^H H~_. Jk K "# k, O= K_^ i.

<=`~Q ` ^=_ x+k~z# U }h `=OH~_.
Z=O< J<~Q `=O|_` J`x O H "= |^
fOH< JkHO~ WK=.6 J` O _ (~`H _) =k~K
_~ ^g OH _^ . JC_ J`xH ~ K |_`~k. (32,33)
J<^

H =H KO H< =OH <=`~Q `
i = î^H " H~_.
("Q#~) X~^~ <O" O ~_. ("Q#~) X~^~ Qi~z gO
` x iQ (^=x =~^) =^#~ KC H= L~@~k. (34)
O# `` iQ Hz W=~_. `K== O# `` `z
W=~_.7 W^ O# û . e `~ s` H_ D ^` =~zk. (35)
gH èx^x "~@_H ~ _. H , K=, $^ ~ =QO =
J=e Qi~z (^=xH) ["| KC H= L~@~k.8 (36)
=#=*ux ~ K~H OH~_ =`$QO ~ < =@_< O. @Hg -"H g
PO+ # Ô, =~^-H~_ Ô ~_ùx JiH_ < O. ^= ~ k~z#
~HuH i*<x îxQO }`H `~ _`<O.
O~ JO| ~`<ùx JiH>~ ^H ~O =~< gO~
QO ~ H H~_ xOk~KO. ^= =H (~ ) D K~ @ J+` "e|K`
''
~ =OH @=#
Z> iu # > fOÒ J<O.
K< OH XHa_ H< ZH==~kx H< H ^ . J< JH_ [<
`=O`~ OQ iy`< L~k. K< [ P XH a_ =Qa_
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q~z P_ t=e xOH}
~Q K~< O. D iu Z~` f=O~ ê~k
J~> D<_ Hx O [< qs`~Q `y =Q

H o H=_"
QQ# = ~k. W~>" W~H J<H = JH_ ZÔ=`<.
6. ` OA=# Ò ` <#~ Ô `x O H D JkHO~
a~k. O Hi# q^~Q ~`H_H =O}^~_# qk~K=x K=K ^
OH i O~ H~^ ~`H _ #~z H~` = fH#< `$ _= K. ^
~`H _ Hq ~K=K. J~` "O W+~ g^ PÔ_ L~@~k.
7. q=OH 83:1-5 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
8. O# *#~, xO}, =} H ~_ TQ<` XH q+ x
He~z ^x J#i~K_x YOP< xO ~ k. x*x* `HH~_ WÒ
x~Ô} "_~ , =^~` ~*
_~, H=~ J#=#~` XH =HH
=uOH~ Q KO fH=_~, J`_ k~K_~ ,
=}~x T[x` ^~`
# H =Hx #=_~, ^=x q+ ~ J~^q H =# K>=_~
"^# >x YOP< D H Ô x+k~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(17. |hW~)
323
q xH`, h` #_=H~_. (D J~HO~`) gO qx

pe " O . O ` Z`H Z^Q# O . (37)
W=h ^~. g = ^$+
Z~` "# q. Wq q"H~ `
H_# q+ . g>x h = h $^
H~ J=ì~* _.
q#~_! ^=x` @ =O PO^ ^ x K HH~_. JK gO
x~k`, = H Ô" #OH~ " |_Ò. (38,39)
Uq>, g = gH H=Oe J#Q ~z `#H~ ^= ^è
H=O
Q K H<_? Z~` qz`~! gO g<@ H`# D =@
z J|^, xOÔ" # q. (40)
"g YOP< `x JO~ K H=~kQ [H OHO H Q
#K *. Hx O ^xH =i~` Ô= `<O. (41)
"iH KC : O#@ ^=x` @ WÒ ^ H_ L~> P
^ ~<n x H KO H=_xH ` H~_ u. ^=_
i^_ . O H`# D HH ^=_ Jf`_, Z~` L#`_.
H, q, =Hx =` $+O P# q``#
Hx_`<. P# B#`~` @ P# q``# ~ ~Kx
$+ J~@ Un ^ . Hx Jq K ^= O}# gO Q ~KO . x~
^ ~Q P# Z~` LÔ_, Q H= je. (42-44)
==^ (~ )! h= YOP ==. ^~`
U q+ h Q ~KO . "i K=H K=_ He=. YOP< h=
=>=>H h = XH_ Qi~K q~ > "O U=y~` =MO
uCH~@<O. (45,46)
ZC_< "O h=@ Kqy q~> O
U~q<O, P Ò`
O UH~`~ HHx O O~ U~ QQ _H<O Jh =H
`. P ÔO
hQi~z''D =x+ K`| _H QO# z_. J~>
z_ "~@_O gO J~>O (=~ `). K_, h QiOz Z~>
=@ K|`<O. gO
=O +
O. giH îH OO. (47,48)
"O (PO~`) ''"= (Kz) Z=HQ, =>Q =iH =m
|uH~z |_`=? Jx J~>O. iH +~Q K: ''gO
(Kz) O<, W#" ~< O (` H~_ | _Ò). (49,50)
P Ò` O ''==e =m |uH~z _=_? Jx
` H~_ J_QÒ. ''q=e "^> i >~ z#_ Jx KC . O
324
(17. |hW~
Y~P< "=$Ò
(PO~`) `` ''J` Jk ZC_ ~q ~ ^~>=? Jx =m

J_QÒ. KC : ''Jk Z~` Ô~ ^ , Ò< ~q ~K=K. (51)
UOA P# q=e HH" _ POA gO P# #H
"~@< ~k~z Px u (aa O Q` H ) =O . JC_ gO
=# ''=#g u Hk L<~ Jx J#H~>O. (52)
==^ ()! <^` ''gO =~z=@< g<@ "=i~
Kx KC. J` =#= +`< H $+~K_xH u_.
+`< =#=H |O~Q `=. g iu Qi~z g =H Q
`. P# `KH~> q=e HO }_ ^ tH _ . "= x#
[ g^ O"HHxQ ~^. =Hx = $+Oe
Qi~z h =H Q `. "= =H
H~îH H~îH< L#`
^ He~K=. "" ^=^H [|O Q~^~ Wz~k. (53-55)
KC : ''gO ^=_ H^x POk # g q^^ # "_ Hx K_~_.
Jq gH# U=`~ Ô~K =. P u x =O= H_. ~Q
Jq `= = x^x J<+ < . `= ^=xH Z=~H= x
` Jx Pz< . P# J#Q ~ Pt, P# tHH

_ `<. x*xH h = tH
_= # q+ ". (56,57)
"= k<xH O~ u@}x, [#^x O<#~ K
_" H Hi# ~Q tH~ K_" K=. Wk qk` O|_L~k. (58)
giH O~ [ = xÔ< uOi~KO. D q+~ `
=On ==e xÔ< ~H~_ xOk~K^.9 "= =^*u
9. =H Jq H~_# |~QOH~_Q =i~K=x, [ ==
~ K H=_xH gQ =H O `# > < #~_ `y~*
=x
^= =H (~ )# J_QO. nxH ^=_ =^#q ''i HO# <O" O _xH
"= ^~ Q L<~. J` P Ò` H_ O q~KH ` O <#==Ò
Jx J<_. Hx ^= =H (~ ) Jqe q<~ #~_ ` ~K_xH i HiHe
<O" O h ^KH^ . P ~Ô ~ Q DH J=ì~z~k. (=^ J^)
W~> == K_~ ^=xH H+" g H^. Hx P == K#
Ò ` H_ iH H#qC HQH ` ^=_ ix H$ u q`
Ô WH~
< O <#~ K_ . iH WH U=`~ q~K J=H~ a~K^ . Ò}~
H~ ^=_ Ò u H
=^*u [ q<~ Qi~z q~K_. =^
*u [ HiH ^=_ K@|~_ #~_ XH X~># "eHf_. J` O `=
=H# q~K_xH |^ P# P[ kH i~z ^x K~O. `` e `~Q i
^= tH qOKH_ O <#=O. W~> ~ @# Ô Q}O~ Q ~K=x
^=_ =H |^ O^H e D H
OH~ Q Ki< _.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(17. |hW~)
325
=^H xÔ #~Q XH X~> `K~. ^x O Ô# ~ KO. [ =

xÔ < K
_ (`x) qO< "= >x ~=. (59)
==^ ()! h = ix i"+~ z L<_x "= hH è
*O. "qC_ hH K# ^x,10 YOP< O#|_# Q =$Hx
iH~ Hi# sHQ KO. "= ix =>=>H Ki< L<O.
Hx = KiH i àO`<x =i~` JkH" K < . (60)
"= ^= ^`# P^~ QO=KH~ Q Ja^~ K =x P^t~z
#C_, Wc ` J~Ô Ja^~ KO. Wc ''h= =>` $l~z#
"_H <# Ja^~ K ?J<_. ''H h" Pz~K. hq`xH <HO>
ZH= B#`xK=. J~`> Q_ W`#? (O)
~^H <H
Q_ qK=~>, <x`x ~ùx iQ î ` Oz < Jn#O K O\#.
|`H = =~k =`" ) i h #|x,
û^x (H_) y~KH. "i ~`#~, i~^
H_ Q
qQ Ki. ix Q<` Ti~z h= _" H.
(=#=O! QO~KH~_) +`< K Q< L` "
Q< ` =Og H=- ''U"# >H < ^ h JkHO~
K^ (hl`
O=). #=H<iH h " K. (63-65)
=^ g H~ <H #__ g ". P#
J#Q ~ J<+~K_xH gO =^ #~ KO . x[~Q P# g@
Z~` ^ =_. =^ #~ K # C_ gH^< P^ = (gO
x[^=_ "_ H~>O.) P# ` gO (OE) "_ H< q^^ h
JC_ H#=OQ `. Hx P# q=e P^ #~_ H_# Ò`
gO (K# " =Oz) P#H q=YÒ.11 x[~Q =#=_
KH$` _. (66,67)
^=_ q=e (fOxH Ki# Ò`) qH J}Q^H_x
xO~Q L<O? H gH O=O~` H_# #`# ~_x
xt~`Q L<O? JC_ û #~_ q=e H_O L~_O . ^=_
=m ZC_< q=e =^~H fHo gO K# H$``H
10. J~> k=H O @< q. D O @## '"O* J~>O.
11. q=OH 6:41 H, ^x ^ zH` @, 10:22 H H_ K_~_.
326
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Y~P< "=$Ò
fHO~Q gH ~HO"# #Q ~ q=e =^~

=~z" _x xO
~Q L<O? XH" J [iy` ==e t~K_
Z=_ L~__ . (68,69)
"= P^~ ~ùH QO=u+
k~K=. iH <, h>
}~K _xH <, u#_xH i^" # PO^ O WK~.
"= $+~ z# J<H $+` iH Z~` PkH ~, B#`~ k~K~.
"= u =#==Ox ^x <H_` @ eK ~*H> =~ k.
POA H_Ku H HO `~ W=|_#O J~^ `= K# #HO
q> KH~>O. iHH _ U=`~ J<~ [OQ^ . WH WH~
J~^_ rq`~ Q_#_ OH~ H_ J~^_Q< L~>_.
<O~ ~^_~ J`# J~^ _H< O~Q q
=_. (7072)
=H! "= h^QO H ~# ~^~ #~_ O x# ` ~K_xH
u< O. W O x#
` ~QnHx, = O`
h= =Oq+ < He~K K _xH _O x@ _O . XH" h=
K= ~> O x# `= q`_Q K H<O. "= Q#H x# O ~ Q
L~K#@` i " H^Q "Q _q. J` i " "y` =`~
"= hH W@ WH~, J@ O
H~ O>~ tH KqK~KO~.
JC_ =H =uOH~ Q hH Z~> ~ a~Kk H^. (73-75)
"O x# D < x= h_H~_ K_xH, J xxH_
#~_ Q~>"
_xH u< O. O K P `~` OH_ WH_
Z~`H~ L~_O . Wk =q^#~. Q` =H
q+ ~ H_ "= D
q^<< J=~a~K~. =q^#~ h= Z~> =O K_= . (76,77)
O_ "e#> #~_ Ou ^ =OH #=* (==)#
~ K. "H =*=# H_ YOP< O# ~ K L
~_. "H =*= YOP<
O# ~ (^= ^`) HxH HO} `==`~k. Ou" ` A^ #=A
H_ K L
~_. Wk hH~ J^# (#
) #=AQ xO
~K|_~k. h
= x# Ò< J`#`=~# u #~ g^ Jk+~ *
=K.12
W "_ H: '' ! h= ## ZH_H fHo < =~z u fH . ZH_
#~_ f< =~z u < f. h ^QO ~_ ~Q <H JkHO
H13 k~K. (78-80)
12. J~>, h Hi =H~`> qi ~ ^x =~. O
H~ P#H
a~K Ô} O ^ H_ D =~< Wq_ L~k.
13. ' `~ H O*kHO~ Ô <H ~ K Jx =~.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(17. |hW~)
327
W H>~K: ''`~ =z~k. J`~ `_z @H~k.

J`~ (U<>H<) `_z @H^. (81)
"g YOP< qH ` , HO} KH O q+ J~^
* < O. J` ÔO
H =`~ Wk =i~` #< Hey~ k. (82)
=#=xH ""^~< Q~ k~z#C_ J`# (=H H$`[`
K_xH |^ q_ _ `) =Y~ uCHx "o`_. J^ H~ `
H+~ =z_` `_e` xOK~^`_. iH KC: ''u XH_
`#H`z# q^~ Q x K < _. Z=O <O~ L<O h =H Q
`. (83,84)
"O P`#14 Qi~z t< O. ''D P` < = P[` =~ k.
(nx gO Q ~KO x ,) gH iq` *#~ k~K|_~^x K . (85)
==^ ()! "= `KH~> kq+$u Ô hH k~z#
q+x>h "#H fHQ~. JC_ h= =H =uOH~Q Z~>
~ ~^= . Hx (J [OQ
^ ~ >) J^~` h = J#Q ~.
P# HO} H>H h Z~`Q< L<. (86,87)
"iH KC : ''=` =#=, l# UH= HO O ` K< ,
O O~ Hi~KH<, YOP< ~> Q~^x Z#>H Oz~KO . (88)
14. WH_ 'P` J~> H~Ô M#HO
'i^` Jx qOKO. J~>
=H
H ^= ~^~ KO" ^= ^` lc (J) J#=@. H 'kq+$u (=
Revelation) J~>O. =iH~Ô M#HO
r= L~_ }~ J< JO~
P` J~> 'r` Jx Ja_O. U"#>H D O~_ OH P`
=#="^H Jf`"# q+ Q#H g>x Qi~z `^H=_~ =$^=,
HO}~ ` Z~> [#~ ^ . JQKO, Jf~k q+ # Qi~z
PO fH~_ >x q~K_" |k=~` H}
~.
[` J| a< ==^ (Ol) H^# ~: <# ^= =H (~ ) "~@ =n<
Q~_ #_z " < #. ^= =H (~ ) YOO HO @Hx ^x T`~`
#_=QO. "= " ~ > î H~Ô ^ Ò _ O . JC_ i
H~Ô ''P`# Qi~z Px J_Q^~ J<O. =iH~Ô ''=^, =#H #Kx
q+ ~ U^< P# =#H qx~K=K J<O. J` H~Ô Px P`#
Qi~z J_Q= ~^#x fOx~KO. ^x HO~ i XH =H =z ''J| M~!
P` J~> Uq@? Jx J_Q_. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) `H}
" =^#~ W=
H~_ H}
~@ =#~Q L~_O. ^~` <# P# kq+$u (=)
J=ì~^x q~z x|_#. k"q+$u J=Ò}
=~ P=~K iu
Ô=# Ò ` P# DH (17:85) i~ KO. (|Mi, =~ )
(P`, }O, =# g\x QiOz q=~OQ `H=_xH 'WqH i~
O@~ #O_ "=_# ''~
H #O J< H O K^= O_.)
328
(17. |hW~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"= YOP< [H J<H q^Q #K*~. Hx K=~k

uOO"Y
O î ~KO. (i uOO~ K_:)
''h= =H~ qx pe XH h>|Q f#~`=OH "= h
=@ #=~. ^ h H" YOO , ^H ~ _ Q XH `@ ` ~K.
P `@ H= H_ = L~_e. ^ h= K|`#@ PHx
`<`#HQ K =g^ _. ^ ^=_, ^=^è ==~^
` H O K
. JnHH` hH~ XH OQ $ ~ O ~KH. h h= PH~
H< ZHe. J` "= K^=QeQ `~ U^< ==~^
k~K#~`=OH h= PH~ HH# q+x H_ "= #==
J~>O O.
iH KC: ''< = i^_. <# H=~ =#==`_.
[H ^= ~^~ J~^* ~^ O_ =`" . (89-93)
[ ^QO H (=) `^ =z#C_ ^x q~KhH~_ ix
XH q+~ ` Un xOk~K^. ''^=_ =#=_ ~Ô_Q
~_?J# q+ " ix xOk~z~k. iH KC : ''XH" ^= ^`
~ K~ (=#= rq`~ Q_ `) ~`~Q uOQe y` "= i
^QOH `H~_ ^=^`< =HQ xq~z ~O~.
WOH K: ''<H, gH =^ XH ^=x H" K. J#H
`#^ u Q` Q `. P# =~ K< _. (9496)
^=_ Z=iH ^ k k_ J`< <O~ ~^Q
_. ^=_ î
` ~z#ix ^=_ ` =O=O P^HO . J~>ix "=

k<# O_ D_H=. O J~^ , |kO , =Q. #OH"
i x==`~k. ^x Jy* =~^y~z#C_ "= =m =m
[i* =. (97)
"O =H uOi~KO. Q''"= Z=HQ, `<`#
HQ =iH =m |uH~z | _`=? Jx J<O. J~^H iH
tH qk~K|_~k. =He $+~ KQe y# ^=_ i~> =#=e
<~Q |uH~z Q
_x "O Q ~KO ? i #O`#~ HOH
P# =~ xO
~K_. P _ ` H~_ =~ k. ÔO

^x q~KH ~_ =O~ Q xOHi< O. (98-99)
"i` W J#: ''XH" g Jn#~ < = HO}xH L~>
>x gO YO`#
~` ` H~_ ^z=~KO. =#=_
x[~Q K ~Hz` =#_ _. (100)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(17. |hW~)
329
330
(18. H )
15
"= =H +" # `qk xÔ < k~KO. (H~>)

">x Qi~z W ~ù"ix J_Q. Jq "i=~^ î ~K|_
#C_, O < (>x K) ''=! (h ==O~ K~ >) h= ` H~_
K`| _H QO#@ Jx~k <H J<_. (101)
^xH = ''D xÔ <# =H = ` =O=O J=`
i~*
^x (J=ì~*
Ox ) hH `. O <! (h =O` ~, =~H
`< K~ >) hH^ H_ =_~^x Jx~k < Jx J<_. (102)
z=iH O < ZQ< =#, W ~ùix ^~ iQ
`_z>x xOxH =K_. J` "= O<x, J`x J#KO
=H# H@Q e (#_ =^~) =~z"=. (103)
P `~` "= W ~ùi` ''giC_ ~K~
Q rq~K~_. z=iH OH Q#~ <O"O =~ =z#_
"= q=e XH =~Q K (==~^) ="OO Jx
KO. (104)
"g YOP<x ` ukH J=ì~* =. Wk ` ~`< J=`
i~z~k. ==^! "= x# (q~KiH) O J~^* xQ,
(uO i~Kix) Ki~KxQ xq~z ~=. (105)
"g YOP<x HkHkQ K J=ì~* =. J~^= h= H_
nx q_`
iQ Py Py [H qx~K. nx "= (~Ôz`~Q)
H=H=~Q J=ì~* =. (106)
"iH KC : ''gO nx q~K~_, q~KH ~_. O~ (Q~^)
*#~ k~K|_#i =~^ nx i , O J `~Q ~Q_
'= = Z~` i^_ . P# Q#~ ` H~_ <O" O `~k Jx
J~>O. J~`H^, O H~@`_ _ O_ ~Q_ ` O. Jk q#
Ò ` ix J}H=, H = kQ} H$`" `. (107-109)
KC : ''gO (^=_) J Jx =~_ ^ O < Jx =~_.
U O` ez< J=h P#H =~zO gO #=A (YOP<x)
aQO Q H =s"Q i~ KH ~_ =^ =O~ J=~a~K~_. (110)
W~H W J#~_: ''u `H ^=_ JO_. P# Z=s H_HQ
K H^ . qO=`~ P#H Z=O Q= O . XHi
HO PÔ_ >
xH P# Z~`=`~ JH _ , J=O_
H^. P# B#`x, J^` H =Oe #~Q Hi~ K~_. (111)
15. q=OH 27:12 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
J=Ò}
: =H
Y~P< "=$Ò
18. =a~ (H )
H: 110
D J^x ''H (=a~) J~>O. Wk r HO~xH

=_ H`~ J=ì~z~k. =H |Ô^H Q~^[ ^~`
^==H (~)# sH~K_xH =_ J_QO: (1)=a~
O=O? (2)d[O J~> Z=O, P# =$`~`~ Uq>? (3)AO << Q^
Uq>? D=_ H D J^~ q=O~Q =^< W=|_.
P Ò` |Ô^HH qO^ KO =#Hx OA=O~ J=~
a~K=x K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

= ~ ^=xH a. P< `# ^x DQ~^x J=`
i~* _. D Q~^~ P# Z~> =H q+ L~K^ . W~^
Jx q+ =~Q, =~[~Q, `H~Q< L<. Wk ^=_
qk~K J`~` Hi# tH Qi~z [e Ki~k. q~z Ò K
iH (O~O}) =~z u~ a~^x, J~^ O HH~
Y~Q L~>Ox O è*~k. W^ nx J=Ò}
L^ ~. (1-3)
^=xH ~`#~ L~^x Kix Wk Ki~k. ^x Qi~z
iHQx, i sHHQx = ~ Uq> è^. i<@ "=_
`# D=@ K f="# q+ ~. O z J|^ `<O. (4,5)
=H! s Q~^x #=H`, h= i "~@|_ >_ ^Y~`
}~ Q@H< L<=. [ Z=O Ò K ^KO
~#=Ò sH~ K_xH, "= H
= =y` qx
=#~Q fik^=. z=iH "= ^#~`>h (`_z>) |~[O qQ
=i"=. (6-8)
=a~#, t#~# = K Hx q~` K#x
q< h=? P =H P ~ ~^_xH XH Q "t ~z
'' ! = h q+ HO}~ =i~*
. = ==O~ KH @ Jx
i~KO. JC_ "= =He PQ O ~_>
~=Ò Ò| _
Q_ x^=
L~KO. P `~` i Z=O `= x^= Hx Hz
`~Q H Q_O `H=_xH "= ix (x^#~_) =. (9-12)
"= i JQ^ qx<~: "O H~Ô =H. P
=H `= =# q~KO. = i =Ox Q=~ K=.
O z x|_ '' =H " = =. Px =ê "= =O
^ h i~K=. XH" "= K JkK |k #"# x J=`~k
Y~P< "=$Ò
(18. H )
331
Jx H>
~ KO. JC_ "= iH =i~` =<|~ k~KO. (13,14)
(Ò ` i =>_ H<O:) ''=#*u [ q =x =ê
WÒ # PO^ ^ Q K H<O. Jq x[~Q PO^ ^ ` J~^H
O O# =}~ Z~^H KO ? ^=x g^ J|^ "_ H~>
O= ÔO_ Z=_< L~>_? (15)
O, =#qC_ i`, ^=_ H^x O l# q^^ `
~|~^ `~z" H<=. (WH WH_~_@~ =#H O~ H^)
^~ _, U^< QH "o ^H~Ô. =# = =# `# HO}
K# q$ `~ K_ . =# #H H=# =HO`_.
=H! h= Q#H PQ ix K P ^$~ hH q^~ Q Hx~ k:
O_ L^# C_ J`# i Q(=YÔ~) =ê H_" Q
H H`_. Jq # C_ ix ` ~z Z_=" Q H~kH ky`_.
(W P QH OHO}
KKHOH~_ ZC _ pH>Q < L~_k.)
"O Q XH q"#
~ _ L<O. Wk ^=x K#
XH K#. ^=_ Z=iH î K^
KO\_ J`< îH =_
Z=ix î ` OK^
KO\_ J`xH U=~^ s , H~^ _ aOK_ .
h= "ix K "x=<~x q=. Hx O x^`<O.
"= ix H_H H, Z_=H H uOQ` _ H< KO. i HH
Q =Y Ô~ =~^H Kz HO#k. h= Q#H H P QH
`~yK=~> K, yO# "#H uiy O Q ~H~KH~>=. JH_
OHO ^$xH1 h Q~_ OOu `. (1618)

"O O O~ (`= iu x Qi~z) Ki~KH=_xH "= ix
uiy J^q^~ Q HO>=. i XH_ ''=#~ D u Z~`
<~? Jx J_Q_. ^xH O~__ ''| (=#g u ) XHO*
H J~`H~ > H~K~ `H = L~_ L~>= J<_.
P `~` "i H~î J<O: ''=#g u Z~` L<"
^=xH Q `. O, =# XHxH XH "~_<}~ Wz #QO~H
~^~. J`# =# H~ =~z [#~ ZH_ ÔH`~^ K `_ .
J` J`# H *Q`Q LO_e. =#qH_ L#@ J`x J*Q` =
Z=iH< è =^~ =~KH~ k. qk=` =#~ i K` _`
=`~ =Ô. O` H> K~O . ^ |=~`~Q =#e `= =`~
H H~>O. J [iy` =#~ WH Z#>H "HO ~^= . (19,20)
1. J~> JH_
~HO" # |~k@ ^~Q L#@ P ^$~ Hx~k.
332
(18. H )
Y~P< "=$Ò
D q^~Q "= i iu Qi~z #QOH è*=.

^=x Q#~ x["# ^x,
~ ` H~_ =~ ^x [ `H=
2
_xH W K=. (J` D q+ ~ qi~z) O =~ Q
q+ =~ Z ==i~K# =@ ^_HQO. i
(^= Ô ~ @ O# J=Q# Hey#) H~Ô ''i (Q)g^ (~H
zOQ) XH Q_ H@~ _. i ==O~ Qi~z "i =H Q `
J<O. J` i ==O~ JkHO~ Hey=#O ( `kHO,
H = =`<H) ''"= i O< =~kO~ xi~ J<O.3 (21)
(H~`HxH =H ~Y, i x^=H ~ Qi~z [ a<a
UO_.) H~Ô ''O =QO , <Qk i HH J<O.
2. P =H XH`# [#~ Hx fHO=_xH @~ "t ~z K,
J~` H` H`Q Hx~z~k. O qQ O^H H = Q =i J<H ^ Q_z
. +, ~$u, =GÔ} XH>q > "`~ iu =i~k. P =H_
XH ^H}~ ^Qi Ho PO^ O H~ O~_~^ H`~ <> "~_<}~ KQ<
^H}Ô_ ~= O` J`_ K_Q_. J`# QK
î^ L#
[<x QK_. , =^ O}, OOY Z~` `_ L# P =H_ [#~
q~`Q KO. z=iH J`_ `kHO =~^ " @_~ [iy~k. O`x `
=>_# Ò `, O~_~^ ~=Ò O~ `= =`qx H_H=_xH
i# H= =H W`<H_x xOi~KO. "~@< DO #QO H=
HiK ~z~k. JkHO` @ F ^ [#=~ H~_Q ^QO H KO
H~k. P =H H_ `= O~_~^ ~=Ò `~` x^#~_ "<=x
Q ~KO. O `= =`
# H = Ô H ~K _ H<O. _ HQ<
i P` J#~`= H. (`= Y~P< #~_)
3. Ô}~Q |^ O^H Kx# =h =^ #, OH
z# POk~K_~ , JH_ "H|_ Ke~ KH=_~ J~îH è~^. Hx =
=H ==^ (~ ) k=~Q` # H<H D k =~ =*xH H_ H~k.
H#H D~Ô ~ Q P =hx =`H
H =##~ K H~^~.
''=ê ~î~K #, =^ PO^< (Ô) xi~K
ix, JH_ n~HO}
Kix ^=_ ~ K_. (uil, J|^=^, #)
''*Q`! gH O~ Qu~z# [ `= =H
=^ e PO^< Q
K H<O. D (^+) KO #~_ <# q=e i< #. (=~ )
''^, H= `= =H =ê PO^<Q KH<O.
J~^= ^=_ ix ~ K_. (=~ , #)
''i Z=~~< ` O+_ Kx# Ò` O`x =kx PO^<
~Q K" O . J`x z`# (qQ #) ` OKO .
k<# gO
=` $+
O= xH$+ =Ò. (J^, |Mi, =~ , #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(18. H )
333
=iH~Ô ''O J^QO, PO=k i HH J<O. W~H H~Ô

''"O U_QO, Zxq^k i HH J<O. W=h i TQ<, =O
# =`" . ''O~`=~^ < =H Q ` Jx KC
"i Hz`" # ~Y# Qi~z K `H ==~kH `. H#H h=
=H i Q =^#~ W=_~ ` i ~Y# Qi~z [` "k~KH .
^x Qi~z WÒ e J_Q>
xH_ u~KH . (22)
XH q+ ~ QO~ KH. Uq+ ~ Qi~K< '<h x O K#x
J#H. ^=_ è ` (h"g K =). XH" =Oz W~> =@
h<@ "=_` "~@< h =x *H ~ K Hx 'D q+ ~ < =
W~`H~ > ^Qi =@ " <H îK`_x Pt< #x KC . (23,24)
(x^= H~ Qi~z H~Ô ) ''Q "O =_~^ ~=Ò
L<O (J<O. =iH~Ô D ~Y) `qk ~=Ò (=~^H
O). ''O~` H~ (P u ) L<O ^=xH Q` Jx KC .
=Hx O h P#H `. P K_, q<_
Z~` J^` H ~ #_! =`q ~ P#` iH =OOHH _,
H_ _. P# `# O*kHO~ WÒH=iH Q=~
He~K_ . (25,26)
==^ ()! h = Q~^~ #~z h J=ì~z# q+ x>h
^`^~ Q ([H) qx~K. J~^ U^< =~_xH Z=iH JkHO~
^. (XH" h= Z=i H"< U^< =O_xH QO~KH,)
h = i#~_ ` ~KH=_xH hH ZH_ P ~ a~K^ . (27)
h = # ` Q~ Pt L^ ~, ~`~ Px "_ H<
i` H" L~_. i " #~_ Z#>H ^$+ =OHH.4 h=
~zH " = ~ HOH~@<? (WH~x ` H Hh =<
=K@ =`" . H#H) "= = *H x qi~* (~zH "
4. YO+ <H (^= =H ~^x J~^H=_xH xOHi) ''D a,
, J=O, Y, W ==^ =~> î^ h K@ KOO. J~>
="xH "= O~. # f" "= h =xH =z, h= K ^K
H#^q> qx Pz~ J<O. P ~Ô ~ D H J=ì~z~k.
Ô KO~ èOA ZH=Q ^, x, ô` W~ Hi~KO.
^x H, <H, JQ=OO `= ~Q W~ Hi~KH =_" QH
WÒe H_ xOk ^==O~ P@~H $+~_O. #=H (J)
H~ H_ ^, ô` ZH=Q W~ Ô ~ Hi~KO. (q=OH 11:27
H, ^x ^ zH 26:111 H K_~_.)
334
(18. H )
Y~P< "=$Ò
xH QiK) # =Hx h= Z#>H q^

~KH . (J`x P[ >~KH .)
J`# =<~K
H x q$~Yrq`xH J@__ . (28)
"iH KC : Wk g = ^QO ~_ =z# O= ` ~. nx W+" #
O q~K=K, W+~ xO uO i~K=K. (gH K L~k.)
J` (`x uO i~K) ÔO
H~ "= #OHy ^ O z
L~K=. ~HO"# ^x * ix K@=> ^~z".

OH _ `Q_xH h J_y#C_ HQ K=O`@ ~> h>`
iH Pu^~ W=|_`~k. Jk i =M# f=~Q =_"~k.
J`~` "# hOk! =K_ q~u
=k!! (29)
WH `x q~z Ò Ki q+ xH, J~> ^
KO~ #H a~K=# u
x "= Z#>H =$^ K O. i
H~ O =~K xì` O= <<. iHH _ |~QO
=OQ` =| KO . O |~QO [s` H_# K > @=
î O . J^`" # L#`< "`>
k~_H #Hx HO~>O. Z~`
=~z u
~ Jk! J`#` }H K~k# x
=k!! (30,31)
=H! iH WÔ =H
L=#~ qx~K. iî XHxH "=
O~_ ^H` @ WK~. > K@ YOO K@# HOK >~. =^
^ q L~K~. O~_ `@ +~Q ~_.
`^# "=
UHO` K ^ . P `> FH= H_ L~K~. (PU_) J`xH =~z
~ =z~k. ^~` J`# FOA `# Oy~> q`x` ''<# hH~>
^ ^x H_. hH~> ZH= =~n=O~ Q_ J<_. (32-34)
P Ò` J`# `# `@ "t ~z, P`=~z`_ ''D i~^

WH <#==`x <# J#H#. ([#~U^
~ y ~ J~@<O
Qx) <H (=`~)
g^ #=H~ ^ . XH" <# < = ^Qi H
~|_<, JH_ <H W~`H~ > Q #~ a ~ k Jx J<_. (35,36)
J`x Oy~> `_ J`x` W J<_: ''Uq>, x# =>`
hK"# a~^=` >~z iO =#=xQ O~k~z# HO_
uOi<? < q+xH =, <# =`~ ^=_ < =Q
Hi~K#. P# ^= `~ =O=iH Q=~ He~K#. (37,38)
''h= h`@ "t # C_ ^=_ `z#^ J=`~^x ^=xH `
=O=iH Z~> H
^ x Z~^H#^ ? ~`#~ i~^
q+ ~
h= ## hH~> `H =}x q~ > q~K. < = <H h `@H~>
+"# `@ k~K=K. J@ h `@H PH~#~_ U^< q`
Y~P< "=$Ò
(18. H )
335
~=K. ^~` P `@ H `_z@H L` "^ #~Q =O=K.

^ P `@x hO~` qH W~H=K. WH ^x f_~ hÒ~
HH=K. (39-41)
z=iH (J`##> [iy~k.) J`x ~_`@ q` =z_ iQ
`_z @H ~k. J`# `# @|_ JO` =$^ J~~#O^
K` #H~@ ''J! <# < =H >He~KH~_
L~> Z~` Q~_k! Jx ^ _ _ . (42)
JC_ ^=xH =uOH~ Q J`_ U =~n=O~ P^HH ~k.
`#~`@ `# H_ H_HH _. JC_ è~^`x H #
<O"O H, JkHO~ Ò_# ^=xH L<x P# k~K
|=#" "#^x P# K O=#" +"#^x. (43,44)
=H! =O LÔ} Ô iH ~zH rq`~ Qi~z KC.
DOA "= PH~ #~_ =O~ Hi ~ > q ===`~k.
O D K@, K= #Q# Q
QeH Zyi`. ^=xH J}=}=
JkHO~ LOk. (45)
D ~`#~, i~^
~zH rq` "OQ =`" .
h = ^$+ e`~ s` Z~` +=~#q, `~Q L~_q
Ò =`" . "> Ô< " Pt~K_xH PO=~k. (46)
H#H "= O`# He~z #_~K k#~ Qi~z gO
z~Ke. POA q K^ <# "^ #~Q =i=_~ hH Hx~ k.
"= =` =#=e K@=> gHi=. XH_ H_ =ê
@=. J~^s =O fi h = =H~ " @_~ [OQ`~k.
WH K_~_, =KOQ = ^QO H gO! "= q=e "^> i
Z >~ K" JQ gO (|uH~K|_) = ^QO H =KO. "= gH
Z~> =~ xO
~K^ x gO q~ _O. (47,48)
HO ` f =~^~K|_`. JC_ h= ` iu Z
L~@~^ K=. O HO`x q+ KHx _
`~>O. (`= JH$`H ^ _ `) ''J, Z~`> ÔQ ~
î~z~k! D HO z\ Uq>Qx, "= K# z<^ HO XH>
H_ W~^ OH~_ =ê @^ ! ! J#~>O. O `= HO h
` HO Q KH~>O. h = Z=iH Z~> J<~ K _. (49)
"= (è=#=_) P^~ QO=KH~ Q Ja^~ K =x ^=
^è P^t~z#C_ J~Ô Ja^~ KO. Hx Wc =`~ J
336
(18. H )
Y~P< "=$Ò
K ^ . _ l# *uH K~k#_. J~^= _ `# [#

[=^> _. J~@C_ gO ## =ê _, _ ~ùx ~OH
HQ Z K H~>O? O gH qO^ H^? ÔO
J#
i# D `= =O~ Z~` "# k! (50)
<# =H $+ # C_ ix =^ . ~Q ix
$+~K HO~ H_ i `# fH^. J=O~ >~Kix
HQ fH=_~ < xH^. (51)
''< ^= `~ Q
x gO q~z# q^^ e "O@H~_
Jx (
k<#) "i = J~>_. JC_ "i iu Z L~@~k?
O q^^ e "O@H ~>O. Hx P ^ g iH ~ K
_xH O=. "= "i q<~ H~ XH XH L=_ Q UO@ K=.
`~` POA #OHyx K, `qH P Q _H `^x
qO . ^#~_ ` ~KH< Ôn iH Hx~K^ . (52,53)
"g YOP< [H J<H xÔ < K` OHO H Q #K*
KO. Hx D =#=_ [Q_=iQ ` O _. i =~^H `
^ =z#C_ ^x q~KH ~_, `= = xk H= } HOH
H~_ ix U q+ ~ xOk~z~k? O
Q` *`H UQu >~ ^
PQu `= >x ZÔK< O. D q+ " ix xOk~z~k. H
U^< P^ `= qOKH_` Qx O q~K@@ ^ ! (54,55)
"= U =H# ~< (O) O qx~K_xH, (#OH
`#e Qi~z) Ki~K_xH =`" ~`=. Jk ` =O H ~
H~ ~=. Hx ùOO ZC_ JÔ~, J`^#`
`x H î >~ K_xH u< O. O < H
#, iH <#
K# KiH# i q+Q KH<O. (56)
^=x H qx~z #K*< >x _Kq# >, K*`
K H# (^+)HO O =#~ qi~K "_H~ > O= ÔO_ =O=
O~>O? J ÔO
$^ H># "= =" =. ^~` O
YOP<H ~|~k~z# U q+h JO~ KHO. J~`H^, i
K=H "= K=_ He~K=. H#H h= ix <O~ " Z~`
ez< O u Z#>H <O~ ~Ô. (57)
h = Z~` H= Q}~ H_. P# i JH$`H ix
"~@< @H ^KH~> tH (P^) ~_. Hx iH~ XH xs`
=~ L~k. P =~ = WH P# tH #~_ ` ~KH< Ôn
iH a~K^ . (58)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(18. H )
337
D tHH QO (O <#") # [#^ (gO }~K î<

L<). O J<~, JH=H _#~^=< ix "=
<#~ KO. i q<~ H~ XH =~ xO
~K=. (59)
5
(iH = =$`~`~ qx~K.) JC_ = `# =Hx`
''O~_#^ ~Q=xH KOH#~` =OH <h }~ =y~K#.
J>^H <# FnOH~ @ W #_< L~># J<_. z=iH
O P#n ~Q=xH KOH<O. J` O `= K ~Qu =Oz
O. Jk (i ^QO ~z) *i #k D^H~@ i~k. (60,61)
= JH_~z =~^H HkÔ~ #_KH `# =Hx` ''WH
fH O = [#~. "g }~ K JO J<_. (62)
JC_ =H_ (K ~Qu QOH z W J<_:) ''Jk OQ x,
J U~ [iy~^ KO? =#~ P K@|~_ ^QO HO<=...JC_
<H K ~Q` QO O^ . +`< ## U=O@H QiK_. <<
~Qu gH K _~ =Oz#. K
qz`~Q #kH ^H i
~k. (63)
= (D=@ qx) ''(J!) ^x Qi~K HÔ |! <
J<+}. (^ ^ ) J<_. J O
`= J_Q*_ #_K
H~@ "#H "O. JH_ = ^ XH (` H) ^_ KO.
"= ^xH6 = HO}Q~ k~KO. = ^Q~ #~_ q+ *#~
H_ <O=. (64,65)
= J`x` ''gH (^=_) <i# k=*#~ <H_ <O Ò?
^x H~ <# g ^QO t+iH~ K =K? Jx J_Q_. (66)
^xH P^_ ''gO <^QO #~Q L~_O. J< gH
èx q+ # Qi~z gO #~ =~KQ
O? J<_. (67,68)
5. [` = (J ) Fi Wb =~^ O y~ > XH`# z
''J~îH~> Q~_` _ Z=Ox J_Q_. ^xH = (J ) << J<O. D
=@H ^=_ PQ ~z, ''=[ |O< (#n ~Q=~) =^ < ^_H_ <_.
J`# hH~> QO_` _ J<_. ''J` ! <<# =^H Z KO He?
J_QO =. ''h"H K# ùu @Hx fH . ZH_` hH K Hx~K^
P ^ ~ < h =x+x HHQ= è*_ ^=_. JC_ =(J )
=_ + a<#<x fHx |ÔO. (|Mi, =~ )
6. D ^_ =#= O~ =z# F ` H ^= ^` J =~_=Kx, J`x
O d[O Jx H~Ô +HO O.
338
(18. H )
Y~P< "=$Ò
''^= z`= ` gO ## #jeQ K_Q

O. <# U q+ ~#
gH =uOH~ Q ==i~K# J<_ =. (69)
''O, gO <"~@ O^KH~> U q+ "< <# ~Q gH
K #~`=OH ^x Qi~z gO ##_Q =^ J<_ P ^_. (70)
(W =>_ H# `~`) oÔ JH_~z |ÔO. (H~`
Ô~ #_z) z=iH XH _= ZHO.7 (H>H ) J`< _= J_Q#
XH O~^~ "_. Jk K = ''Uq> gi~^ O~^~ "O? _=
x O~^s =~z" êKO? K O" # x KO J<_.
''<# K ^, h= <`@ #~Q L~_= x J<_`# .
''=Oz#. =u=O Qi~z ## @HH~_. (^K) <
q+ ~ Hi# ~Q ==i~KH~ _ J<_ = (7173)
"oÔ uiy }~ y~KO. H~` Ô~ H iHH
J Hx~K_. JC_=H (=~^H) P _ `=i"_.
''gO U~ ZOQx XH J=H_ Ô}~Q K~O! ~
J`# Z=s ` K ^! ! gO K K_ x KO J<_ =.
''<# K ^ h= <`@ #~Q L~_= x? J<_ =H.
''(O@~k.) WH=~^ <<^ < gH ZÔK ## g`@
L~KH~ _. WC_ =`~ <" # gH H îH~k J<_ =.
JH_~z "O =~^Hy F TiH KOH<O. P Ti [e
[#~ J_QO. Hx Ti[ iî H Pu^ q=_xH xOHi~KO.
Ò ` "O T _ =_xH ^~ Q L# XH Q_ KO. JC_ =H
"~@ D xH u
~ J_y fH=K H^? J<_. (7477)
WHK, <` h t+iH~ =y~k. WC_ h= #~
=~K H # ==O# Qi~z = ~ Uq> K|` q#: (78)
_= ~Qu: P _= H~Ô ^k. O r=<k H~ #k
P _= #_H~@<O. #k P= |=~`~Q _=# n#~
7. H>H XH @ =z _= J~Kg^ HO#k. Jk #kx h>x XH>
H O~_ KH =H` H#k. JC_ [` d[O (J ) =>_ ` ''hH,
<H a~z# *<x ^=xH# *#~` e` Jk D@ #k #~z h>x `#
=H` H#~` H_ ^ Jx J<O. (|Mi, =~ )
Y~P< "=$Ò
(18. H )
339
K H< XH OA L<_. (J`# =Oz _= # =`" n#O K

O\_.) J~^= << _= H U^< ~ Hey~K#H<#. (79)
` _ q+ O P _ è^ ~ _ q# ^= H
.
J` P _ (^ _) `# uOO~, àO`<` ix "k
_x "=
_O. J~^= "i = Q}Q}, ^ a=#
P _H< =~z~`#~ iH k~Kx "= HOH<O. (80,81)
WH Q_ ==O~ Qi~z K~>, P Q_ PT =~_ WÔ
J<^ k. ^x H~^ P
H~ XH xk u@|_L~k. i `~_
K }`_. J~^= D e Ô ^ O# Ò ` P Q_ H~^
L# `= xkx fHx h = xO
~K_.
W^~` h = HO}H>H e `" Qx, <J~`@ <<n K ^ .
h= ~KH # q+ "#H L# =O`= W^. (82)
==^ (~ )! O x# 'AO< < Qi~z J_Q`<O. iH
KC : ''<# i =$`~`~ Qi~z H K|`#x. (83)
"=`xH Ô} O*kHOqK=. JxOH X#O, ^#
~`
J#Q ~K=. J`# ("@ ^@ t=^ O @# H~)
} =y UO@ K H<_. (J`# }~K ) O=
= ^H KO Hx O_ |O^h > Jq ~K_~ K_. J`xH
JH_ XH *u Hx~z~k.
JC_ "=`x` ''AO< < ! h= "iH ^ He~ K=K " KH O
=K. J~` hW+~ J<~. ^xH AO< < ''i Ô# O K# "_ <#
tH . Ò` J`# `# = " =Oe~K|_#C_ J`_ P# =i~`
Hi# ~Q tH _ . i `x q~z Ò KxH =~z u
~ a ~ k. <#`x @ =$^=Q ==i# Jx J<_. (84-88)

Ò` J`# =OkH O @#H) ^= _. J`# ( } )
O^ = ^H KO H<_. JH_ F*ux K_. P *u
O_ L^~ > Jk Z~_#~_ H_H=_xH ""~> HO ~
He~K^ . Wn i iu . AO< < q+ h =H `. (89-91)
P `~` J`# (=OkH O @#H) ^= _. J`# ( }O
K) z=iH O~_H~_ =^H KOH<_. JH_ J`xHH *u
Hx~z~k. P *u[ Ju H+~ g^ (J`x) =@ Q O . (92,93)
"O`x ` ''AO< < ! (=) D Q~ E*, =E* (J< P@qH
*`) q^ ~H~_ y< . =i h= =H, "iH =^ XH J_Q _
340
(18. H )
Y~P< "=$Ò
xi~KQ
? J~^H ""^< hH # Ke~ K? Jx J<O. (94)
^xH`# =^#q ''<H < = Wz# (~)^ Z~` L~k.
gO sOH =` <H _~_ K. <# gH, iH =^
J_Q _ xi#. <H LH H `z@~_ Jx J<_.
(Q_xO}~ O~" O"Q~` y`~k.) J`# O~_H~_
=^ L# Mm
x i~K_. JC_ H~Ô Jy O* ~_x J<O.
z=iH (LHQ_) JyQ~ ZOQ =i~k. JC_ AO< < ''nx
<xC_ Hiy#Oy H=i fHO~_ J<_. (W Q_xO}~
O
~k)- (95,96)
^~` WH (P *`)"iH PQ_ ZH=K H H ~_ ~k. ^xH
H#~ " _~ H_ "iH ^ ~H^. (JC_) AO< < W J<_: ''Wk
< = J#Q ~. J` < = K# Q#~ <O" ~ =~ =z
#C_ P# nx <=@~ K_ . < = Q#~ x["# k. (97,98)
P (~)OA "= [<x (KQ) =ê_O. O (=^
HO>) XHig^ XHO _Ò. (f="# `H@ UO_`~k.)8
~Y~ i~K|_`~k. "= =#=~îh =" O =. P OA
"= #OHx uOO =~^ `z_=. P uOO (SH
rq`~) = `^ MÒKH~_ J~Ô. XH=>
q#_xH ^ _
^ . (99-101)
8. E* (``s), =E* (=~Qb) *è xOk~K_xH AO< < H>#
D Q_ #= ^xH, H< =^xH =^ L# O Q~ L~^x
`~k.
xH gH~ [` D(J ) #OQ=#~ Ò ` P#
rq`H~ D P@qH *` ^x Kk ~z ~ K~ q<~, q^ ~ $+ .
>x x=i~K_~ Z=iÒ= H^.
"O Q@, q@ ^> LOH, OQ _ =#@ HxO.
=~ i Ô# ^>H x=H QQ _Ò. [` D (J ) `~ i
=~^ x=H =~ # "~@ @Hx Ò O `" H P ~ ~^Ò. P
Ò "` P# E*, =E* q<~ H~ ^ x iO . ^~` P P@qH
*` ^ Q xH QO, ^ OQ _ Q@ Q@Q _K
O .
"i Ho Ô# #kH ~ k. z=iH ^=_ >
xO# H~ OH H e ~`_. P H D # `= ~*` @Ho
=^~ O" . P Ò` s=O~ HO~ k. ^~` q i" `~k.
(~H ~ - |Mi, =~ . WÒ q=OH 21:95 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(19. =~O)
341
ùOO ## =ê < ê `= OHHQ KHx

q<O? J~> uOOH Pu^~ W=_xH "= #OHx
^ O z
L~K=. "iH q+ O KC : ''PKO}
s` J~îHO> ZH=
#+ O=O <# gH `<? O K rq`~ `= H$+, H =O
h <O~ ` =$^ J=`< ~, `= J~` =~K K<=x
q~KO ZH= #+ O. (102104)
"O `= = H
q~K_xH xOHi~z#O. (XH OA)
`= P# xkH KO H= L~^# q+ x O #=_~ ^ .
J~^=
q=x==. ` ~ @ i uOOxH, < H
< =H
# Qi~z
O K ~ _# i~, OzHH u
~ #OH" . (105,106)
` `x q~z ^KO ~## iH Pu^ ~Q J`#`
O =<<. JH_ O HH~ (Q) L~>O. WH Z#>H
JH_~z O K>H =_xH "iH =#i~K^ . (107,108)
"iH è*: ''< = =@# =i~K_xH =^~x
hO~` OQ =i O<, P O "`~ J`~k Qx, < =
=@ =`~ iH=. J~`H^, W~H J~`> O fHz< O Jn
i^. (109)
"iH D q+ ~ H_ KC : ''<# g~> =#=_. HH` g
^=_ XH_#x < ^QO H ~^~ =~k. H#H `= = Ô #Q~
Pt#O Ò K L~_e. JnQH `= = PO^#
WÒ H Z~> K>= H_^ . (110)
J=Ò}
: =H
19. =O~
H
:98
D J^~ D =H (J ) è [` =O~ (J ) =#
=z~k. Wk H_ r HO~xH =_ H`~ =H =~
Jq PQ_, J}z"` KO OH+H Ki# H~ J=ì~z~k.
=H =~ iu ÔO~ H=_~` ix ^==H (~)
JaxH = =_xH J#=u~KO. Jax H = OA #*+
iH P~ WK_. =H YO+ ix "~|_ Jax
KOHx, =`+ =z# `= *uix `=H Jy~K=~kQ
#*+x Ji~KO. #*+ OA x~_
#`# Ô x Qi~z qKi~KQ
=~ D J^< J`x =~^ i~KO. ^xH #*+ OA Z~`
q`_ =H YO+ HO# `K_.
342
(19. =~O)
Y~P< "=$Ò
D J^~ D, =O~ (J)# Qi~z H= K@K

H# `C_ qH a#~Q O|_. P Ò` W|~
=H (J ) =$`~`~ =~ k. P ^= =H
~Ô `z# Ô ~ XH>#x,
i x+=} Ò` =#= J Ô ~ OOY =i qa# =`
=OQ peOx è * |_~k. z=O =H Jq KO
# f=~Q Y~_~K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

H- --S<-^. Wk h = `# ^_ [Hi zeH~z#
HO }=$`xH ~|~k~z# =#. J`# UH~`~ `# =# "_
H#> q+ ~. (1-3)
J`x "_ H<_: '' ! =$^ ~ = <Z=H `~ zuH "`
|_. <` <O# "~_H` `Q "O`~k. ! x#
"_ Hx <# U<_ q
~ H^ . < `^# ~Ò~ < Ô , |~^ =
Z ==iO#x <H
~Q L~k. <O Q_. J~^= <H,
Y ~`<xH O _ h ` H J#Q ~` <HH O _
k~K. ! J`_ P"^ QxQ _ O~k~K. (4-6)
''[Hi! "= hH H=O_ _`_x O qx< ~. J`x
O J=`~k. "g OQ U =x+h Wk=OH >~ K^ . (7)
''! <H H_H Z __? <O Q_ H^! W@ <#
H_ ~_ =e} <!! J<_`# . (8)
''JQ __ . h = K|`<_- <Hk K "# x. hH
XH LxH J#^ #C_ <# x# >~ K^ ? (9)
''J` ! <H~ U^< K# xO
~K J<_ [Hi.
''h= =OQ =_ OA ^H [` =>_
= . W^ hH~
K# J<_ ^=_. (10)
P Ò` [Hi O# Qk #~_ |_ `#*u [ =~^
Hz iH L^ ~, ~`~ ^= O} K ~ _x Q
` L^t OK_.
''! ^= Q~^x ^$_~ Q @H--- "=`xH ~< q[`,
q"H# k~K=. JnQH = ^QO #~_ J`xH `x,
i^` # H_ J#Q ~K~. J`# Q ^= cu~ _ è^ ~ _@
q#q^` H_. J`x J~HO~Qx, àO`#~Qx
=KH< =. (11-14)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(19. =~O)
343
J`# ># OA#, Kx OA#, uiy J`# |uH~z |_

OA# J`xH ~u HQQH! (15)
==^ (~)! D Q~^~ =O~ =$`~`~ q~K. P"
[ #~_ "O, Ò "# UH~` HO~H "o Ò"Hx
HO#k. JC_ "= P" ^Qi H = P` (^= ^`)# ~=. J`#
iO =#HO~ P" =~^ ` H= _. (16,17)
=O~ (J`_ K_Q<) ''<# hi #~_ HO }=x O}
HO
`<#. h= ^=xH
_ _=` (<^QO H OH) J#k. (18)
''<# h = ^QO~_ =z# ^`#. hHH i^ _ WK
L^ ~` ~|_# J<_`# . (19)
''Uq>, <H H_H Z HQ`_? ## U =#=_ `H<< `H
^! <# j~x x H_ H^!! J#k =O~ (H~QO_ `). (20)
''JQ HQ`_. ~Q h " W q<_: 'W
K_~ <H K èH. D _ "= [ H~ XH K#Q
K x, =" # HO}=iQ O~k~Kx xO
~K=. J~^H
W K `<~. D x [iy fO= L~k J<_ ^= ^`. (21)
=O~ P _H ~|~k~z# QO~ ê~k. P" QO~_~
fHx Ô# L# XH
xH KO H~k. = "^# P"# XH YOO
K@ H~kH Ki~k. P" (# ^ _ `) ''J! (Uq> <H sH)
<h xH =~^ Kx <=OH ~_ ` Q~_!! J#k.
JC_ ^= ^` P" H~k" #~_ W J<_: ''=O~!
qKi~KH . h = h H~^ XH =~zh> T@# $+~ K_. H D
K@ "^ @Hx T, h =~^ `* YOO ~_ Oe_` .
g>x u~@, `Q` Q L~_. =#+=O< Hx '<# HO }
=x (# `) H~ L=~>#x "HH<#, J~^= <h
OA Z=i`# =>_# Jx K. (22-26)
P `~ "` P" P _ fHx `#*u [ ^QO H "o~k.
[ (P"# K_Q<) ''=O~! h= K O # ~ K=. O<
^s! h `~_ K_ _ H^. h è H_ j~ K_# H^! (#q
Z~^H ` O =?) Jx J_QO. (27,28)
=O~ (<>` =^#q=H~_ X_ L#) _ " K~k.
[ (PO`) ''"g K~>
_` Z =>_ `~? J<O. (29)
344
(19. =~O)
Y~P< "=$Ò
("~@<) P K~>
_ W =>_@
~ "^>
_ :
''<# ^=x ^_. P# <H k=Q~^~ k~K_. ^= =HQ
xq~K_. <# ZH_< ## ^"# }Q K_. <#
|uH#~` H~ #=*, [H` q^ > L~_x P^t~K_.
<è @ <# q# q^` H_Q K_. P# ##
ÔO_ Q , ÔQ _Q K ^ . <# ># C_, Kx@C_, uiy
|uH~z | _@C_ < ~u J=ì~KQH! (30-33)
D _ =O~ H=O_ D. W`_ Qi~z [ L# JO
H a#~Q J =$`~`~ Wk. XHi H_HQ K H=_~ ^=xH U
=`~ a~K^ . P# Z~` i^_ . P# U^< K ^KH~>
'J J~> K, P x W> z>H
[iy`~k. (34,35)
(D [H `^ K) ''^=_ < =. g = H_
P<. H#H gO P< POk~K~_. W^ O# =O~ J<_. (36)
Hx "i qa# =O O O~ qk ~KHQ.
~HO" #
(
) k#~ g~z#C_ JqHk q<HiQ i}q~ k. O
= xkH KO H< OA i qxH_ H Q< L~@~k. i ^$+ H_
Q< L~@~k. DOA =`~ D ÔO iQ =O+`~
_= <O. (37,38)
==^ ()! iC_ U=O@H < `x q~K u
O . (U"< ) `kfO [iy `~ ` =Og qQx OA1 Qi~z
ix
@. z=iH "" qH, ^xH ~|~k~z# = == H
O =`=. J~Ô z=iH = xkH uiy O= L~k. (39,40)
1. D H k<x ` k#=x K_~ [iy~k. J~> POA
Ô# H^, [# H_ `~ K~^Ò#=@. Ô# `g ÔO
K L~_H ` Q~_^x ` _ ` O. [# `= =ix Ò K
L~> Q~_^x `_Ò. HOqKO} =y Oe OxH, #OH
e #OHxH ~_~ [OQ`~k.
P Ò ` ^= ^` =$`=x > O~ fHz O# OH =^
x_Ò. O O#OH e ZQu ''nx gO Qi~KO? Jx
J_QÒ. ^xH O ''P... Wk =$`= J~>O. JC_ ^= ^` P >#
#iH K~Ò. P Ò` O O ` ''O O! giH O~ < `
rq`~ Q_ Ò. gH =O}~ J<^ O^ J~>O. JQ O #OH "
uiy ''#OH O! giH #~z #OH~ < ZH~ _= ~_ ÔO `#
J#q L~>O. gH K= J<^ O^ J~>O. ( |Mi)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(19. =~O)
345
D Q~^~ W~ Q^ q~K. J`# Z~` ` ~^ _ Q

^= =H H_. J`# (`# `~_H `^ ~ K ) W J<_:
''<<! gO q#x, K_x >x l< Oq>? Jq gH Uq^~
Q# `__= H^? <<! g ^QO #@=~> (k=) *#~ < ^QO ~k.
H#H gO ## J#iOKO_ <# g ~A=~O K`#. <<!
g~ +`<x POk~KH~ _. +`< HO }=_ uO i~z# J~Hi.2
<<! (g Ô} K~ >) gO HO }=x tHH QO, P Ò `
+`<H KO Ò" #x <H
~Q L~k. (41-45)
^xH `~_ (=~__ `) ''W~! h= =# ^=`H q=Y_
? h "Yi Q#H =OHH` <# x# O` H> K~#.
("o) <#~_ `~Q "O J<_. (46)
''gH ~u HQQH! q=e Hq~K=x <# < =#
i#. P# <@ Jq` ^ Q_. <# q=e, ^=_ H^x
g~ i # q^^ e =k " < #. <# < =< i#. <
=x iOz <#
~ K~^#x Pt< # J<_ W|~. (W)
W~ P [#, "i ^" ` O H e =ê "o_. JC_ "=`xH
W M, Y =~> ~`#~ k~KO. iî =H
Q KO. O~
î < HO }=$`~ zeH~z i Hi u+e L#`~ K~. (4750)
D Q~^~ = Q^# q~K. J`<H ` O+_, ~^ O
_# ^= =H. 3 "=`_ ÒO `~ H_ #~_ ez O ~+}
2. W~(J ) `~_, J`x *u[ qQ # lOK"~. J~> O
+`< q^
, _ K #@ qQ # l~ _O#=@. +`<x Z=O
POk~KO . Hx =x+ `# =# u+" # +`<H q^
_ _ P_~z#@
P_`_. rq`~x u ==O J`# +`<H ^_ ^" [H a#~Q #_K
H~>_. J~> P =H P O~Qx># +`<x POk < _x JO~ .
3. WH_ =+ #a, O J< ^ _|_. #cH, O H aH
=~ ^`_ ^. D O~_>H OO_, ~Ô_, ^` J< JO
=. ` H i+ =#~ ^= =H J~@<O. D H
<# DO~_ ^#
q_q_Q è* _xH ~^ O_# ^= =H Jx J#^~ K#.
H~Ô ^~ "`
k=Q~^~ W=|_# =H# O Jx, k=Q~^~ W=
|_x =H# #a Jx Ja_O . nxH YOP<, n +" # PÔ~ ^ .
J` ^, J~` , ^ `s` #c H~> O Q=H Jx XH n Ô
i~k. [` J|[O(Ol) HO~ =H
~Y J_y#C_ ''O 313 H
315 =~k Jx, #c 1,24,000 =~k Jx ==H (~ ) è*O. nx|>
u #c O H^x, J` u O =`~ #c#x `~k.
346
(19. =~O)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Ô = x^ ~ k~KO. = J#Q ~` J`x Ô _ O<x

(H_) =HQ xq~z J`xH ( HxQ) WK=. (51-53)
D Q~^~ W Q^# H_ q~K. J`# =~z Q#
H_, ~^ O_~# ^= =H. J`# `# H@~| H #=*,
[H` qê Qi~z P*~__. J`# `# = ^$+ P"^
Q_~# =x+. (54,55)
D Q~^~ Wnx Qi~z q~K. J`# (H_) ` ~^ _,
^= =H. J`_ "= L#` H KO=. (56,57)
P^~ ~`#~, #` @ F_ ZH#i ~ù, W~
~ù, W (Y) ~ù gO ^=x q#Q ~ ~k#
^==H. "= <O~ K `H~Q Z#H# Ò+xO.
"i =~^ HO }=x H
i ~ > O Hh>^ O` (J
`~Q ^=x xk) ~Q _ `~_O. (58)
P Ò ` J#O, JQ "iH "O . "O
#=*x =k =<~KH x O. Ò< O `=
=O + ` xH `y# tH J#q O . (59)
J` `~ K~k, `x q~z ^KO"Y
i J=~a~K
O =`~ O~ "t O . iH U=`~ J<~ [OQ^ . iH~
`~Q L~_ O= <<. "~ H~ K_H ~< Jq a x
^=_ iH Q#~ K_. P Q#~ `H~_ <O"O`~k. "OH_
Z~> xH=e# =@ q#O. Jh =~["# =@ q~>O.
iHH_ OE L^~, ~`~ PO~ a~k W~> OxH
"= = ^
H
Hix O Q K=. (6063)
''==^ (~ )! "= (^= ^`~) h = J#=u H ~_
J=ì~K=. = =~^#^xH, "#H#^xH, P O~_> =^ L#
^xH, =xH P< [=x. h = (Uq+ =) =Oz_
H^. P# =HH, > =^ =# = $+` H =. H#H
h= P< POk~K. P# PO^# < (rq`~`~) O ~ Q L~_. h
^$+
P#H =#_# _ Z=_< L<_? (64,65)
#c J~> O O_, L#`#~ H_, =O^ i Jx aH JO<.
O J~> ~|_#_, ^`, uxk, ~^ O_ Jx JO<. ~|_#
_, ^` J< JO ^= ^è H_ YOP< HxK@ O Jx O#k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(19. =~O)
347
=#=_ (U=~>_ K_,) ''<# Kx# Ò ` x[~Q ##

|uH~z _ ~ [OQ`~^? J~>_. J`xH
LxH J#^ #C_
"=`_ "^>iQ >~z# ~Qu J`xH QO^? (66,67)
h = H! "= O~^s, i`@ K# H_
` H~_ K@=> fH~. Ò` ix #OH~ K@ "H g^
=~Q_ ~. P Ò` u =O~ #~_ HO }=x q+ ~ àO`
=i~z# q^~^s Ui"~. #OH~ qO_xH Z=OH = JO
=H Q`. (68-70)
(q#~_!) g Z=O #OH~ g^Q xO~@ L~_O . W^H xs`
q+ ~. D x <O" O =# ^ ` h = g^ L~k. P ~Ô ~

"= ^= cuO}# (#OH~ _H ~_) OH O.4 (^= xs` ^
gi#) ÔOe =`~ J~^ _ =_xH =kO. (71,72)
JqH = q+ H qx#C_ O q`
''K ~_ =# L
=O Z=O =~zu L<O, Z=i
" "
`~Q L<? Jx J_QÒ. Hx O~ "= giH~> ZH=
P
, >>~ Hey=# Z< *`# <#~ KO. (73,74)
"iH q+ ~ KC : ''=O + ` ~< _= ~_ix HO }=_
KK _#@ =k < _. z=iH "O `=H Q#~ K |_#^x Jk
4. #OH~ g^ XH =~`# ( O`) L~@~k. P =~`#H P= O~
L~@~k. HO qKO} Ò ` =#=~` D =~`# g^Q `= `= Q=H
KO H= L~@~k. nx Qi~z ^= =H (~ ) W è*O:
''#OH~ g^ ( O`) =~`# UO@ K |_`~k. ^= =H
J~î
H< =~^ <# < J#KO =*x fHx ^xx ^@`#. POA ^= =H

=`" =>_ Ò. O< '^! (==e) H= ~Q L~K Jx =`" J~>O.
#OH~ ^< (J< XH q^" # =~_ K@) =~_
=~HO uiy# _>
"H L~>. > _= ^=xH =`" `. P "H =~`# g^ #_K
i H~î i ^+O HO}~Q > #OH~ H y _" ~^H u.
^~` H~Ô `= #OH~ _ Ò. (WH Z#>H J~^ #~z |@
_
O .) =i H~Ô `y #OH~ _ Ò. P `~` H~` HxH J~^ #~z
q=H ~^Ò.
Hx LY < HO~ ''q H~Ô O @ P =~`# ^> "O .
H~Ô "O "Q~ ` ^@Ò. H~Ô "Q~ `, =iH~Ô J "Q~ `,
WOH H~Ô X~> "Q~ ` ^@Ò. W qa# "Q` ^>i H~Ô H = ~Q
^> "H~ ~^Ò. H~Ô "H` `y (#OH~ ) _ Ò. =iH~Ô #OH~
O _ Ò. (|Mi, =~ )
348
(19. =~O)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^= tH J<,
_ J< (HO) KH~>O. JC_ iH
`~ k, Z=i iu J^#~Q, Z=i |Q~ |#~Q L~^. (75)
nxH a#~Q ~A=O~ J=~a~z# iH ^=_ =i~` ^k
k_ . h = ^$+
`~Q L~_ Ò O =#~ s`,
e `~ s` Z~` +" # q. (76)
=H! = H
uO i~z#_ K h=? J`# (`# `
u KHx q_ _ `'' gO ## ^= tH Qi~z Z~` ki< ) <H
=`~ ~`#~, i~^
W~H a < L~> Jx J~@<_.
J`xH U^< JQO q+~ è~^? H HO}=x` U^<
X~^~ K H<_? (77,78)
J^g H^. J`# "Q`#^~` "= (J`x HO z\) #"^
K<O. J`xH qk~K tH# =i~` f=Ò~ KO. J`# q#
O yO, =~n=O~ Jh z=iH =^QO L~_`. (Jx>h
~ K~< =k) J`# X~@iQ =xkH O= L~@~k.5 (79,80)
"O ^=_ =k `=H J~_Q x=_xH Hx (q^)^ #
` OK H<O. x*xH Z=OiH J~_Q x=O. Jq (
k<#)
i *OO# xOHi. Q iH ` O
`. (81,82)
"= ùOO H KHe Z =ê>" K_^?
Jq ix (` uOO~ Qi~z) Q OK Q_< . O, h= i tH
q+ ~ `~Ô _ H . "iH Z@ OA ^QO _ . (83,84)
POA Z~` Ô~^. JC_ "= ^=cuOe Ju^
(QOq) HO}=x xk "_=. è ^HQ#
[~`= =kiQ #OH~ " `Hx fH =. (85,86)
POA [ Z~> O K O . U^< K HO }=_
#~_ J#=u ~k#O =`" O K QO. (87)
5. [` Y a< JO` (Ol) H^# ~: O~ J*#H~ <# H=i x
K ~ __. POA P a< J< =H <H~` H_ _ . Ò` <<H
OA "o H J_y` J`# (XH +O` _) ''#= ==^ (~ ) =H$ `x
xOHi~K#~` =OH <# h H _| W=# J<_. <#C_ ''h= Kz<, uiy
|uH~K|_< O, <<# =H$`x Z~`=`~ xOHi~K# J<#. J`h
=@ qx ''O <# Kx, uiy |uH~K|_#~` =OH h H ##_QH . <#
uiy |uH~K|_` <H < ^# = a ~ k, ~`#~ H_. JC_ h H fO
J<_. nx Qi~K D H
J=ì~K. (|Mi, =~ )
Y~P< "=$Ò
(20. `)
349
HO}=_ XH_ `# H_HQ KH<_x J~@<O O.

''gO K O" # =@ He~z K|`<O. HO }=xH ~`#~
L~^x K @~ Z~` f="# q+ =~> ^x= q# qiy _= K
q |^ =K O` ye =H =K. ~`#~ Hey
L~_@~ HO }=xH Z~`=`~ a~K^ . (88-92)
=H L# = $+O H@ x P# =~^H
=. P# J~^s i"+~ z L<_. u XHs H > L~K_.
z=iH =#~k
k<# X~@iQ P# =~^ ="= =Ò.
q~z Ò K # i @ HO }=_ Ò< [
$^ =a=< [x~* _ . Wk ` H~_ [OQ`~k.
=H! DQ~^~ Ô ^= cuO H (O) O qx~K. _i Q
=>_ "~_># (^=tH Qi~z) @. Dx H" "g
}x ` O ~ K h<@ =i< ~. iH O~ = (àO
`#~ =~z#) Z< *è `_z>=. DOA i <=O
ZH_< hH Hx< ? H i J=H ~|~k~z# z# |" <
hH qx~ ^? (9398)
J=Ò}
: =H
20. `
H: 135
D J^~ ` J< O~_ c*HO` O~=~k. Wk r

HO~ xH =_ <Q~_ O~ =H J=ì~z~k. Jq
"~_ "Yix MÒ K=^x ^==H (~)H k~z# `~"` =
=H (J) Q^ WO^ q~K|_~k. P `~` [` P^~ (J)
=$`~`~ è JqH Q}O~ K|_~k. z=O qH Hx
K#, W=|_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

`-. "g YOP<x h= H _x h J=ì~*
^ .
Wk (^=xH) _ u=H H~ =z# *H. =~_~` @
J`#`" # =` #=~_x $+~ z# H Ox " #~_ Wk
J=ì~z~k. (1-4)
(q "# ) P HO }=_ JkHO ~#~ Jk+~ z L<_.
=HH, > =^ =# >H, < H~^ xH " L#>H P<
[=x. h= aQO Q =>_< , "eQ =>_< H J~`H~ > ZH=
xQ_ q+ "< O, P#H `. P< J . P# ` =O
PO^ _ _ . P#H Z~` =~z O< . (5-8)
350
(20. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
hH = =$`~`~ U=~< Ki~^? J`<H Jy (=~@) K_.

JC_`# `# H@~cH` ''gO WH_ L~_~_. JH_^ Jy Hx~k.
"o gH~ H~K~ xC fH#. ^ JH_ (=#H) î K O
=O< ÔH= K Jx J<_. (9,10)
= P ^xH KOHQ< JH_ F (J^$)"} qx~z~k:
''=! << h =#. KC q_z@.1 hqC_ q`"# `
() L<=. <# x# (F =HO~ H~) Z#H<#. hH
J~^* # q+ x ^Q q#. << ^=_. <#` =O PO^ _ _ .
H#H h= #< POk~K. ## i~K_xH #=* ~K. (11-14)
~ (FOA) ` H~_ O##k. u =#=_ `# H$+H `y#

u
~ ~^_xH <# ^x =x O ~Q L~Kê K#. H#H
k<x q~KH~_ =<~KH xi q+~
^x Qi~z# PK# x# (=~^ KO~#~_) xOk~KH _^ =!
J [iy` h= <#" `=. O, =! h Ku L#^q>? (15-17)
^xH = ''Wk < KuHO. nx <# T`Q KHx #_#.
n~` < "H H~ K@ #~_ PH O`#. W~H n~` <# Z<
# K# J<_. ''=! ^x H~^ _ J<_ ^=_.
= ^x H~^ _"_. J~`, Jk ZHZH# =Q =i OQ`
y~k. (18-20)
''^x @H.
_H . "= ^x uiy Ou H =O`=. H
h Kux K~H Jkq> f. Z~> ^ H ~_ Jk "i`
|\H =~ k. Wk O~_ xÔ #~. "q~H hH Q Q xÔ <
K=. WC_ h= O < ^Qi H . J`# ^ gi_ J<_
^=_. (21-24)
'' ! <H =<~ O~ k~K. < # ~ Q <O" O

K. [ < =@ Q ~K_xH gQ <H H>= k~K. (D
=HO~) <H ~Q < H@~|~ XHix =~uQ xq~K.
(J~>) < Ô_ O< Ô <H |~ KHO. J`_ < x
QqQ K. "qÔ~ h q``# #~Q Hx_`=. h
Qi~z q$`~Q KO~ K~. h= ZC_ ==e Hx@Hx
L~@<= J<_ =. (25-35)
1. ^ D HO}~Q< KC `_QH ~_ O# KO . J` J~u=
^= =H (~ ) +sJ` (" # ) KC `_y #=* K _~ `C ^ .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(20. `)
351
''=! h= Hi#=h WK=. "= hH =Oi " K=.

(h~ ~Qu) QOH `K H. "= h èH ` H K# KO. '=
Ô =`" W~> K# K _~ ^ ==`~k. ("q z~KO:)
''D _ XH > > #k =ê@. #k P ># X_H
KO `~k. <H, D _H qOk J#_ ^x fH~>_.
(=! h= =`_ ~^H) <# <" #~_ h g^ ==`
==H~ P=i~* #. h= < O "H}
+~K|_ ` H UO@
K#. h î (O< ^QOH) "o# ~Qu _ *H~ `KH. P"
(O< ^QOH) "o ''<h _ Q +~K O=O gH K<?
J#k. Dq^~ Q "= x# =m hè ^QO H KOO. P" ~`+~Kx,
kQ KO^H _^x W KO.
(=O ~ @#) ''h"H =Hx KO=. "= x# P WOH@~ #~_
|@_" =. Z< O x# sHH QiK=. h= =^< (*u)
[ J<H ~=Ò Q_=. WC_ h= `y# =xH =K=.
=! <# x# < x H~ Q_Q K#. WH h=, h Ô _
<(D) xÔ < fHx " ~_. XH q+ ~ QO~ KH~_. Z> iu
# ## i~K_~ J`~ KH_^. giÔ WC_ O<
^QO H " ~_. J`# Qi+_
^g i _. J`x` =$^=Q
=>_~_. ^x= J`# (=) `=e >~K=K, ^ (= tHH)
_= K J<_ ^=_. (36-44)

'' ! J`# = g^ Ô# ~ K_ #x ^ uOQ| _`_" #x
~Q L~k J<O iÔ . (45)

''
_H ~ _. <# gH `_Q L<#. <# =O q~@<#,
K<#. WH "~_ J`x ^QOH. "o J`xH K~_: ''"= h
= Ò # =z# ^`~, W ~ùix ="~@ O=_xH
=ê@. ix "k~KH. "= h ^QOH h = xÔ< f
HK=. <O~ J=~a~K"iH ~u HQQH! `x uOi~z
=Y~ uCH<iH (WO
H) tH L~^x =H kq+$u (=)
Ô è* |_~k J<_ ^=_. (46-48)
(O) O < (^QO H o D=@ K Q J`# qx) ''J` =!
=i giî = Z=O~>? Jx J_Q_. (49)
''u ==# `y# q^~Q $+~z, ^xH XH (xi+) =O~
K#_ = = J<_ =. (50)
''J` W~`H O~ Qu~z# Ò ~Q`q >? J_Q_ O <. (51)
352
(20. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''i ~Q`q > J~` < = ^QO FQ~^~ #"^ OH` ~ Q

L~k. < = Z~> O@ K _, =Oz_ J<_ =.
P< gH~ qx #Q Oz
^x #_=_xH Ô UOi
K_. #~_ =O~ Hi < _. P =O~ Ô OHO H L``
"eH
f< _. gO u#~_, g =b "H~_. x~^ ~Q W~^ |k
=~`H xÔ <<. D q #~_ "= q=e >~ K=.
z=iH W~^H q=e fH =. W~^#~K =m|uH~z `~.
"= O <H = xÔ <h K=. Hx J`# (>x) q~K
H~_ (H_^ H) uO i< _. (5256)
J`# (ZÔuiy =>_ `) ''=! h =~`H ` ==e =
^~ #~_ "Q@_xH =K = ^QiH? JQ` "= H_ hH
>Q J~> =~`H< fH=. D > ZC_ ZH_ [OQ
xO
~KH. "g =@ #~_ "#H =O=. h= H_ =OH_^ .
O! |O~Q "^ #~H (=) =~^H O! Jx qO_. (57,58)
''J` *Ò k<# @H ~^~. ^H # Ò ` [#~ QqH_e
J<_ =. (59)
O < "o `#|Q#~` H_Q@
Hx =z (xs`k <#) >H kQ_.
= (>H =~^ H=Ox L^tOz) ''ÔQO! ^=x
J` "H~_. J K XH =^=~ Ô P# q=e
O <#~ K_ . J|^~ Z=_ He~z< _H ~A =_#> Jx
Ki~K_. (60,61)
D =@ q#Q
x, g =`x, g L^` ~$ux, `_z>x q< O. H#H
DOA g HHh gHi~KHx, <xQ |iH kQ~_.
QO~ KH~_, DOA Z=ik K
J=`~^ "i^ Q. (62-64)
(O < `~ # >H ky#) =~uH (` ix ~k ) ''=!
=~^ #= _" H ==e _"
=~>? Jx J_QO. (65)
''H^, gO _"
~_ J<_ =.
(=~uH `= =~` ^< <g^ _" O.) =OH}
" "i
`, HO "i =~`|~` = H H (=Q =i) O Q`
`#@ Hx~K. >x K J`# =# H
__ . (66,67)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(20. `)
353
JC_ "= ''=!

_H . h" Q=. h Ku L#^x
H~^ _
. WC_ Jk i J `H
#x>h `$> q~Q ~ k. gO
K# ^~` =~`*". =~uH Z~` J@ ~Q =z< O Z#>H
q[~ k~KO J<=. z=iH J^ [iy~k. =~uH~` ~Q
_ ` ''"= =, ~< =# q~KO J<O. (6870)
''Uq>, <# J#=u W=H =~^ gi`_ q~KO? Je`#
gH =~`q^ <i# QO= L~>_. O Hx=~_. <xC_ gH,
^ g^
K` O O~ =uOH k #iH~z2 q=e YOO K@"
Li f#. JC_ `~ k gH, = Wî Z=i tH Hi# ~Q, K
>^ H L~@~^ J<_ O < =~__ `. (71)
''==e >~z# $+HO H! = =~^H +"# xÔ<
=z# Ò ` H_ (`x q~KH ~_) hH ^#~ W=_~ ==
H^. h= K ^KH#^q> K H. h= =J` WH rq`~
=`" U^< K=. "= = =# q~K~. P# = `C
=x_ . h =u_ = "= y~z# D =~`*x H_ Hq _ .
^=_ + _ , `~Q L~__ J<O =~uH xO
~Q. (72,73)
<O _
`# = xkH =z# u_H #OH" Qu. J`#~^
K=_, |`H_ . `x q~K_~ ` @ Ò H_ KL
~_,
`= = xkH =z#i H~ L#` <, O =~K
` O= < L<. P =< O HH~ (Y~Q) L~>O.
q` rq`~ Q_ iH a~K u
~ WQ L~@~k. (74-76)
''WC_H OuH Ou < ê fHx |Ô. iH~
=^~ xO
"# î UOOK H. q=e Z=O "~|_O#
~
L~_^ . =~O\
O _ LO_^ Jx "= =H kq+$u
(=) Ô z~K=. (77)
"#H#~z O< <x fHx (=^ fOxH) KOH<_.
JC_ =^~ "O~^s `# b#~ K Hx He~k. O < `# *u
[# J=O~ >~ K_ O
# =O^ O #~ K ^ . (78,79)
W ~`#=! "= q=e g`= #~_ q=H
Hey~K~. Ò O `~ H_" # g OH H~ =~ xO
~K=. g
3
H~ =#, # k~K=. ''"= k~z# i^ PO~ u#~_.
2. J~> H_H #iH`, ^xH Ja Y~Q L# Z_=K #OH# =@.
3. q=OH 2:57 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
354
(20. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
J` ux uOQ@ "Y
i J=~a~KH~ _. J K g < PQ ~
qOKH _ `~k. < PQ xH QO# _HH OA =_#>. J`
`~ ` H= } HOHx, `x q~z ^KO~ #_, <O~
< (rq`~`~) #_K _ <# ` H~_ Hq # (J<O). (80-82)
''=! x# U q+ ~ h*u [ H~> =~^Q fHz~k?
J_Q_ ^=_. (83)
''O <"#H =< O. ! h= <@ # _=`=# L^ ~
` <# `~ÔK
h xkH KO H<# =#q K H<_ =. (84)
''O, h "#H (J~> hqH_H =z# `~`) "= h *ux sHH
QiKO. qs (J<_) # _î >~ K_ J<_ ^=_. (85)
(D ÔO q#Q<) = PQ ~, qKO~` H_# "^H` `#
*u ^QO H uiQK_. =pOQ< ''<*u [O! g = gH =~z
"Q< K ^? Jk gH P"# @ Jx~z~^ ( #~ H
D xOHxH _O)? H <H gO K# Q#~QxH ~Q
gO g = PQ x Px~Kê KO? Jx J_Q_. (86)
''=J~`@ "= Q#~ Q~ K ^ . J~ [iy~^~> "=
#Q |~= "H K<~. J~K` >x H fO~, J~`
J<O O.
P `~` qs `# ` xO~K_. J`# iH~ XH P=^_
qQ ~ ` OK_. JO^ #~z ^_ JO~> ^ x q#=~ _k.
[#~ (P K^~ K) ''W^ =# ^= ~. = ^= ~ H_ W^. = nx
=Oz_ Jx JiKO. (Hx) Jk `=H =^#q=^x, Z~>
# Hey~K^ x O Q=x~K_~ ^? (87-89)
O< (= OHH) =~^ ("iH #K*|`) ''ÔO!
nxÔ gO sHH QO O. g = =`~ HO }=_. H#H
gO ## J#i~K~_. <=@ q#~_ J<_. (90)
Hx "O (J`x =@ _Kq # _) ''= uiy O#~`=OH
"= n< l L~>~ Jx KO. (91)
= (O< " uiy) ''O<! gO =O +
`~> K
(h= =#~Q ZO^~_ =?) ix i~KH ~_ U q+ ~ x#
xO k~z~k? h= < P^~ Z~^H L~ ~K=? Jx J_Q_. (92,93)
''< èH =O_! < Q_x, `"~_He > QH . <# W
Y~P< "=$Ò
(20. `)
355
~ù peH `z>#x, h=@ MÒ K ^x J~>"" #x <#
_#. (^=x ^ = J J#^ h=) J<_ O<. (94)

''qs! WH h ~Q`q >? J_Q_ =. (95)
''<# [H H#_x XH (qz`) == x K#. <# ~^ Ox
J_Q*_ #~z XH _H _ (=>) fHx (qQ ~) #.4 J
K x < =#H Jx~z~k J<_ qi. (96)
''O " (WH_~z). WH#~_ h= rq`~`~ '## `HH~ _ Jx
K|` uOQ`~>=. hH~ (=O}#~Ò~) Q# ="H>
xO
" L~k. Jk Z> iu # ` ^. K_, WC_ h W+^ = `
Qu U=`~^! nx "= He, =H =H K =^~ qi
OO... [O! g ^=_ J =`" . P# ` =O PO^ _
_ . P# *#~ u == # i"+~ z L~k J<_ =. (97,98)
==^ ()! D q^~ Q "= Q`~ [iy# q# Qi~z hH
è* < =. "= ` H~Q =^QO #~z XH *H (YOP<)# f
hH k< =. ^x q~KH ~_ =Y~ uCH<_
k<#
Ju Ô}"# O~ "= =~ k. (99,100)
P Ox J`_ ZH~ "~>_. k<# (D
H~_) J`xH Ju ^HO" # O~Q i}q~ k. ~Y~ i~K|_ OA
"= <O e K@=> (XHK@) KO `=. JC_ O (c`=~`)
x=Q_ " KO. Ò` O OO~ "eQ =>_H~@
''gO ~ K~ =J` kOA Q_ O" J~>O. (101-103)
"O =>_ H~@#^q> =H Q `. i H èqQ
_ ''H^, gO
~ K~ XHOA =`" Q_ O J#~>_.5
POA O ` U==`x O x# J_Q`<O. iH KC :
''< = >x WH O}=Q =i ZQO_. qx K^<#
"^ #~Q =i"_ . ^xg^ gH~> q@
Hx~K=. (104-107)
POA H@
#HO ` =#= H=#H~_ J`x"~@ #_O .
U XH_ `H *_~K_. HO}=x =H~ ^#h =Q
`. èH> (J_Q) KC _ =`" H qx~ k. (108)
4. J~> 'g J_Q*_ #~_ Hi~z# =>< <# qQ ~ W
[iy~k Wk g ^ô =" Jx @Hi =@ K x~Ô} #~_
` ~K H=_xH u~K_ qi. (7:148 H H_ K_~_.)
5. WÒ q=OH 23:112 H 79:46 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
356
(20. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
POA HO }=_ Z=iH< J#=u Wz, J`x =@ q#_xH

W+ _ ` ` UXHi O K^ .6 [ =~^#^q>, i "#H#
^q> ^=xH `. WÒ H ^x Qi~z iQ è^. (109,110)
(POA) =#= r=_, t`_# ^=x =~^ ` =~z
x|_Ò. ÔO~ , Ô< O~ "Hz#_ POA O <#
"#>. Ò K=~_@~` @ q H_ J=~_#_H
Z~> #+~ Qx, J<~Qx [OQ`~^#
" L~_^ . (111,112)
Dq^~ Q "= nx JOc + O Q~^~ Q K J=ì~* =.
=#= K_ =< hu=~`Q =O_xH, ^ U=O@ =ê
$H O=_xH "q~^ OHO H KiH K=. (113)
H#H P ^=_ O#`_, [ KH=i.
=H! h^QO H YOP< iQ J=ì~K#~`=OH h= ^x i~ K
_xH `~Ô _ H . '' ! <H =i~` *#~ k~K Jx "_ H. (114)
O~ "= P^~H XH ~Ô WK=. Hx J`# ^x =Oz
_. J`x =H O ` ~, ~H|~ H#O^ . (115)
P^~ QO=KH~Q Ja^~ K=x "= ^=^è P*
~KO. JC_ O~` Ja^~KO. Hx Wc J K _xH xOH
i~K_. "= P^~H W L^t ~K=: ''P^~! W`# hH, h OH
(|^) qOk. (H#H W`x @ J=`~ Q L~_e.) W`# gi^s O~
#~_ |>H f_~, ^x= gO H _ =_~ [OQH _^ =!
WH_ gH=# HOh L<. Z~> PHe ^Q x, H@|@
HO`Q x L~_^ . JQ WH_ ^ HQx, Z~_^Q x L~_^ . (116-119)
Hx +`< J`_ = >_ . _ J`x ^QO H o ''P^~! <# hH
` rq`~, Z#>H `#~Hx O*kHO~ k~K F H=$Hx
K<? J<_. z=iH iÔ (_ @Hi=@H ") P K@
~_ u<O. ^~` `H}
" i =O= XHi =~^ XHiq |O
`". JC_ iÔ O=$H PH` `=sO HCH
QO. P^~ `# = (=@)# [=^> <O~ ` _.7 (120,121)
6. D q+ ~ Qi~z 2:255, 21:28, 53:26 H
K_~_.
7. 2:36, 7:20-22 H
[` P^~ (J ), P# O [`
(J ) W^s +`< = > "y~z#@ L~k. J` WH_ (120 H
)
[` P^~ (J )x +`< = ># @ +~ Q L~k. J~`H^, (121 H
)
P^~ `# [# [=^>#@ H_ O#|_~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(20. `)
357
P`~` J`x = J`_ h`~ K_. J`x `x Hi~z

J`xH <O Q~ k~K_. (J` P^~H) ^=_ P^t~K_:
''giH_~z ky~_. gO~` XHiHHO `=. WH=~^
<#~_ g^Qi H U^< `^ ~ = ^x J#i~K_ î` _
ÔQ u H QiH_. J` < `^# _Kq #> =Y~ uCH<
_ ~ K~ (=#~uH Ô=~) ÔO rq`~ Q_ `_.

k<# "=`_ J~^ _Q K `=. (122-124)
J` nxH a#~Q H = [` (J ) [` P^~ (J )H
x+^
~ ux~z#@ KO~ KO. ^H ~_= `|~ a+ =O` J< F H
KO_ ''
=# ^ `H x+^
~ ux~z~^x O<_. >O@
e<
J< =O H = ~_` _ *u< H~KO '' #OHxH Ô~, Jx K_ QH
è (=~), `# J#~^H P" Q _ e J<_. D =< O~ H =
~K~ *ux J^= }H kQ*i~k. i H# J<~Q H
O_~ [iy~k. "i ÔO Ô< [iQ.
YOP< +`<" xH QO#k [` P^~ (J ) Jx O#>H,
O+ =^ q=H K` O+_ x~k~K^ . WH_ J<, O+_<
Q=<O"# q+ ~ =#=_ = O@ [iy~^#^. =O q+ ~ q#~_:
==H (~ ) W è*O: =, P^~ (J ) =^ ~+}
[iy~k. =(J) P^~ (J )` =>_ ` ''P^~! gO = `=. Hx
gO ==e (=#=e) xOOH ~ KO. ==e O~ #~z f"
~KO J<O.
^xH P^~ W [aKO: ''=! ^=_ x# ` H ~ +} H~ Z#H<_.
P# hH `# ` (Ò` H) OK_. J~> (L#`#~ ~k#)
h=, ## $+~ K_xH # H O" ^=_ < J^$+~ O# qk` @
## x~k< ? Dq^~ Q P^~ D =}~ Ô = q[~ k~KO.
==H (~ ) D z=i "Hx =_O J<O. (|Mi, =~ )
WH~ HO q. =#=_ WH~ K H# HO # |> O
H~
u
~ J#q _ . [` P^~ (J) WHxH =z HO PKi~z O
HxH
"o# Ò`< = (J) H Dq^~ Q =^#qKO. ^=_ P# O@#
Hq ~K_. WH P# Z~> x~^ qQ^ . H#H ~ K# U =H H_
[` P^~ (J ) Wz#@ =^#qz tH #~_ ` ~KH_ .
XH" Z=O< _ ^~ K ''< J^$+~ K x O> L~k
Q#H <# K < ## x~k~KH _^ x J~>, ''h J^$+~ PH h=
#OHt H J#q =x H_ O> L~k Q#H, #OHt H J#q ~K Jx =^#~
=~k. Z=i J^$+~ U~ O>L~^ =#=H è^. J~K` zH
PK#H `gH~_ H" OH ` O PKi~K_" |k=~` x.
358
(20. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
JC_`# '' ! ~ K~ <# H # _<, WH_ ## Z~^H

J~^ _Q K =? Jx J_Q`_. ^xH ^=_ ''h^QO H =H

=z#C_ h= WQ (J~^ _ ) >x qi~K=. J~^= DOA
"= x# (J~^ _Q K) qi< O Jx =^#q_ . (125,126)
JQ ^g O, `= = H
uO i~KiH (WH~ >)
O =#~ KqK~. O
HtH W~H Hi# ~Q, nO~Q L~@~k.
O~ "= (`x uO i~z#) Z< *è <#~ K=. >
J= =^ DOA gO uOQ`<O H^, =i >(Ki`) #~_ Q}
O~ <O HO? x~^ ~Q W~^ |k=~`H Z< xÔ <<.
h = #~_ =~^Q< XH =@, xs`Q _ = H ~> i ==
O~ ZC_ `|_L~_k. H#H i =@H h= (=#O KO^H .)
#~ =~K.
h = B#`x #~Q Hi Px i L~_. O
^xH O~, O=xH =~^, Ou =, Q>
H_ ^=O} K L~_. ^x= h= | (g q+`)
~`+=. (127130)
"= ~zH rq`x, ^x "=~, >># i qq^
[H WK=. h= > " Hx "= ix
sH~ K_xH WK=. h = k~K Ô H= # Lk =`"
<}=#k, =xH#k.
h OH #=A# Qi~z k~K. h=H_ ^x H=~
` H~_ PKi~K. "= q=e PO~ W==x J_Q@
~ ^ . ""
gH PO~ k< O. `
~ ^= cuO}`H a ~ k. (131,132)
"O (hQi~z) ''D=x+ `#= "#~_ xÔ#~ (==)
Z~^H fHO_? Jx J_QÒ. i ^QOH Q`Q~^ ^#x
O~ KO^? XH" "= ^x OHH=~^ U^< tHÔ ix
<#~K ''! h= = ^QOH ^==H# Z~^H ~^? ~`
hK O= ~ HH=~^ "= h H
>~K~ H^?
J#~>O O.
iH KC: O=#~ H~ u=H ZÔK<_. WC_
gO ZÔK HO~_. Z=O <OQ=, Z=O $^
Ò< gH `~ k. (133-135)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(21. JOa)
359
21. ^==H (JOa)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 112
D J^x ''J~a (^= =H

) J~>O. Wk r HO~xH
JÔ~_H O~ J=ì~z~k. W~^ qq^ ^= =H
~H =$`~`
# i Jq x[Ô~ " =|_O. i J#=<,
PO}H `|^~Q =^< H_ W=|_. i OzH
"~, U=O@e Z~_Q_ `è`~Q ZÔ ^+i}=e
Qi~z Ki~K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

=#= (HO ) qKO} =~ g~< L~k. Hx gO" U=O
@ _, ^xH q=Y `<O. i=~^ i = #~_ UH`
`^ ~ J=ì< ^x O xOH ~` q~@ P>_H~@<O. (1,2)
"i $^ (SH ""~) =xy. ÔO
(h
Qi~z ''D=H g~> =x+. J~@C_ gO K K J`x
=*~ Z~^H _` O? Jx1 QQ _H~>O. (3)
JC_ ^= =H '' =H [iQ = q+ < =H
`. P# Jh q~@<_, `H~@<_ J<_. (4)
''W=h J+" # HH ~|~k~z# q+ J`x H#.
Je`# (Q)Hq.2 J HH` Q` =H
=kiQ W`#H_ =#H
1. H~Ô `= sq, Ô ~, =Y=O, =@` WÒ e =~`=Qe K
ix `= Ja~ =OH< KO . J^q^~ Q ==H ==^ (~ )
`# JÔ}"# =H` ~, JO ^ }
~u, J" =~# H
` [#
PH@Hx iH OA=O~ KO. Hx W~=uOH H
=`~ ==^ ^
=~uH_x, J`x =~`*~ _= ^x xQ@Hx =s KO~ KO. x*xH
==^ =h (~ )x =H` ~, P# <@ "=_ k=H
P# |^
`=e `~ q`~ Kq. LÔ}H: ^= =H (~ )# H =>_# Ò`
L` a< Oa =z# =O F =K`#HQ O#=K. (D ~ @# Qi~z
q=OH 41= J^~ (-g-*) L^`~ K_~_.)
2. =H YO+
Wg L^=x xOk~K_xH y~z# KO
'YOP< =#= qOz`~, ==^ F Q Hq J#k H_ L~k. =`
JOa =Y HqQ OQ~z# `
a< ^ Fi U^ x g^ =H
=K_. P# ^`Q <H_ H_. J~^= `
@~H J_Q @Q<
YO+ <H Px K>= > ^= =H (~ )H =uOH~ Q P#H Q
#iO. ^~` P#
_ ^= =H (~ )H Ô~Q =HQ_.
360
(21. JOa)
Y~P< "=$Ò
U^< xÔ#~ Ke. Q` =H~Ô xÔ<eK H^ ~|_O

J~>O O. Hx W~`H O~ "= <#~ K# @}
x [
`x q~K^ . =i gO q~K_xH ^~ Q L<O? (5,6)
==^ ()! O~ H_ "= =#= =H
Q xq~z
iÔ = ~^~ J~^* =K~. (JqO!) gH èH`
Q~^ [e J_y `H~_. P =H
H_ "= H_ u#H~_ L~_
QeQ ^ W=^ . O `~Q L~_ =#+ H_ H^. (7,8)
"iQi~z "= K# Q< <O" O ~. "= =H
#, ([)
"= `KH# ix OH~K~. ^gi# ix J~`"~k~K~.
=#=O! "= g^Qi H Z~` [#HO" # Q~^~ ~=. J~^
g Qi~z# =< L~k. =i gO q+ x JO~ K HO? (9,10)
"= Z< ÔO ([#) @}
# `_z>~. i Ò `
=O *ux `K~. O =tH =K K# Hx~KQ< JH_~z
i=_xH LHq~KO..... ''iH~_. "#H uOQ~ _, gO Y~Q
L~@# g W~_, gO J#q# g QQ "H =O~_
| q=e (Dq+ ~ Qi~z) Z=O< =KO~ J_Q= K... O
(~u `) ''J! = Ò` =~_#!! x[~Q "= K
ÔO
~ Jx JO=QO. OQ JO L~>, "= ix ~@O
=kiQ H Pi `_z>~. (11-15)
"= =H#, > L#>x U^ P@ (`=) H~
$+~ K ^ . ""^< P@== # ` O K H^KH~>, Dq^~ Q<
K #HO> = ^QO L#>`< ` O K H<OO. Hx "=
(WH_) ` ~ Ô J` ~ ^|f< =. W ` ~ J` ~ `#
Q
Q_~ k. K~ _Q< J` ~ J~u= q_~ k. H#H g J `
H#H gH q<~ ` ^. (16-18)
=H L# = $+O ^=x `. P# ^QO L#O
(J~> ^= ^`) `"^ QO# J~=~` Px POk~K_xH
FOA ^==H (~) H =~kO~ F =# #=* K YOP, `
K= ^k @Hx H ^H }
K Q_. J< Hx YOP<
H
P# Kq# _< _. ^~` P qz`} @ P# PH [x~z
^= =H (~ ) "#HQ "o Px ` H~ Q HH<_. W~ Qi~z H
q=O~Q è* =x J_Q_. ^= =H (~ ) P#H Hx H
i~ z
qx~KO. `
P H
q#Q<, Wk Z~`=`~ =#= qOz`~ H^x, Wk
==>H ^= "}#x Q ~z J>H C _ W~ Hi~K_. (D ~ @# W
2= Q~ q=O~Q L~k.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(21. JOa)
361
xOHi~KO . Px POk JO H_. O H}

~@ H_ Ti
HH~_ O~|= Px u < L~>O. (19,20)
O (~Q) ` O K H# ~|~^" # q^^ (xs=
$+` ) }~ `? (21)
=H XH ^=_ HH~_ WÒ ^ H_ L~> =
H== (U<_) qz#" L~_k. O He# >H q=[
~<n_# ^=_ Z~` Jf`_, O==#_. P# Z=i
=~^ [|Ô_ H^. WÒ P# =~^ [|Ô. (22,23)
"O Px =ê WÒ# ^Q KH<O? J` ix
W J_Q: ''J~^H g =}q> fHO~_. D Q~^~ H_ L~k.
W~^ < QxH K~k# [H `^ L~k. <H O=~_#
[H `^ L# Q~^ H_ L<.
Hx "i K=~kH =~ è^. J~K` O `xH
q=Y=`<O. hH O~ ~# =HH H_ ''<# ` =O
^=_ _x , H#H #< POk~Ke Jx ~^~ ~=. (24,25)
O HO }=xH ~`#~ L~^x J~>O. (Z~` =`~ ^ .)
^=_ i^_ . O (J~> ^= ^`) QO=h# ^= ^. P#
xk O U=`~ Z^~KO. P# WK P[e (q#~Q)
>O. i H =~^#^q>, iH H#=OQ L#^q> J~`
^=xH `. ^=_ Z=i q+~ O q#_xH W+_`_
J~> =H
# Qi~z ` =O=i q+ ~# O O K O.
O
^=_~> Z~`
_` O. (26-28)
"i Z=O< ''^=_ QH <# H_ XH ^=_ J#~> J`xH "=
#OHt H qk=. = ^QO ÔO
H `y# W^. (29)
=H HL#C_ "= >x q_n_x O
K_^?3 JQ u}x "= h>` $l~z# q+x gO
Q=x~K^ ? =i O (= $+ KÒx) Z~^H q~KO ?
q î_ H ~_ L~_~^H "= ^x O `# ("HQ)
`=. [ î `H=_xH gQ J~^ q"# =O
H_ UOiK=. J~`H^, PHx "= OH` = ~# HC Q K=.
Hx gO =`~ P# xÔ < " ^$+ i~K_" ^ . (3032)
3. qxO} O~ ^ WH_ O#|_~k. JC_ q~ Ô~ (Mass)
O~ L~_k. (q=OH 41:12 H ^ zH =_= O K_~_.)
362
(21. JOa)
Y~P< "=$Ò
O~|=# $+~ z#_ ^=_. OK~^ #H `# H_ P<

$l~K_. J=h `= `= xs` HH è_`<. (33)
==^ ()! "= hH O~ H_ U =#=xH J=O`~
k~K^. XH" h= =O} gO `~Q WH_ |uH L~>O?
u} K=# KqK_=~^. "= q=e =~pK_ `
Hey~z sH < ~. z=iH gO~` = ^Qi H uiyO= L~k. (34,35)
` uOO h" K ''g ^=`# q=i =>_ `#
=x+ W`<< ? Jx # KO . Hx HO }=x =## =`~
O Y~_O. =#=_ = `~Ô@ rq. WC_ <# gH <
xÔ < (tH O~) K#, `~Ô _ H ~ _. ''h Ja~ x["`
h ki~ ZC_ x[==`~k? Jx J_QÒ "O. (3638)
D uOOH POA Qi~z =~ è=~> Z~` Q~_!
JC_ gO `= =M#, g# #OHy =_H~_ ` ~KH
O . iH Z@#~_ H_ Z~> ~ J~^^ . (39)
P =^=~ i O`Q qOKH _`~k. Jk ix
J=~`~ H|o~z " ~ k. O ^x Uq^~ Q# xOk~KO . (` ~K
H=_xH) iH U=`~ J=H~ H_ a~K^. hH O~ =z#
=He H_ (P<> uOO) #KO. Jìx #K# O
J #K# ^x i< _ <#=O.(40,41)
=H! Ou", Q>" q=e HO}=x tH #~_ H_
_=_x i#_Q. Hx O `= = `^ xH q=Y `<O.
=H =uOH~Q `=# P^HQ ^"< iH<? P ^
J `=H`" ~ K H=. >H = HO~ ^ . (42,43)
J q+~ (JkH^.)- "= iH, i `` =``H
rq`~`~ Q Q k= KO. Hx (iH *<^ ~ HQ_~ ^ .)
"= qx J<H k#~_ #OH~@ =# ^$~4 iH Hx~K_~
^? =i O (==e xOHi~z) PkH ` ~^Q
O? (44)
KC : ''<# kq+$u PÔ~Q q=e Ki< #x. J`
eK_ (O## =^~ Qi~z) Z~` Ki~z< |kO H P KiH
qx~K^ . h = tH iH H~ ` J~>` K, ''J! ""~`>
ÔQ ~! x[~Q "= `~ Jx QQ_O . (45,46)
4. 13:41 H ^ zH Ò`, P^
, H$ u " s ` Jx H_ JO~ .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(21. JOa)
363
k<# "= Hz`~Q `K ` UO@K=. WH U XHiH

Z~> J<~ [OQ^ . Z=O< ~ , P=y~[~` H_ U^< K L~>,
^x "= =~^H `=. H K_>xH "" K. (47)
W~`H O~ "= ^= cuO H~ w@Ox, *ux,
*H # =, O<H k~K~.5 P ^= cuO Hx~Kx `=
= @
H
Hey=~@,
~ Qi~z (J#H}
~)
_
`~_O. WC_ * H (YOP<)# (gH~) J=ì~* =. =i
W>H~ < gO nx qO ^? (48-50)
J~`H O~ "= W~H qKH}
*#~ k~K=. J`_
Qi~z =H Q `. J`# `# `~_x, `#*u [e L^t : ''gO~`Q Ja=x# DqQ ~Q`q >? J#_Q_. (51,52)
''= ``=``
g>x l~ _O. J~^= "= H_ g>x
l<~ J<O O. (53)
''J` gO î Ò g ``=``
J~`H< O~Q î
Ò J<_ W~ (54)
''#= ==~^ h J =H O < H i=_
`<? J_QO O. (55)
''(i~) H^, x[~Q< (K|`<#). =H " g
=. P< >x $+~ K_. J~^H <# g =~^ H q< #.
^=H! gO #C_ <# Ò_ g qQ ~Q`q> `
H~># J<_`# . (56,57)
Ò ` J`# (J#> O *ÒH O ^ Q_H "t ~z)
P qQ# `<`#HQ qOQ>_. > ^qQx =`~
=ê>_ , O (qKi~K_xH `#" ) =OÒ# L^ ~`. (58)
[#~ (*Ò #~z uiQz K) ''=# ^ H Dû Hey~z~k
Z=O, K O=ÔO_ L<_ J<O. ''"= W~ J<
=H_ >x Qi~z q~ > q<~ J<O (H~Ô ). (59.60)
''J` J`_ > fHO~_ [#~ =~^H, J~Ô (J`x ~Qu)
KO J<O O. (W~ =z# Ò `) ''W~! #"< =
^=` @ W =i~z~k? Jx J_QO O. (61.62)
5. D=_ ^ Ò` Q~^x =i~K_xH _|_. J~> D Q~^~
w@O =~pK_ #, ``#, Ô Ô # "O K, *u H~uxz
OA=O~ K`~k. *H
=#=H O =Oz# O~ QO K ~ k.
364
(21. JOa)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''J W^~` > <H_ K L~>_, J_y K_~_ =@_`

J<_ W~. (63)
D =@ q#Q< O `= J~Ò` " =Oe ''x[~Q =#~
K ÔO
~ Jx J#H<O Q`~ . (64)
J` P Ò ` i |k =HHi ~z~k. J~^= ''Wq =>_
= x
hH `H^? J<O O. (65)
''=i gO (x[)^=_ =ê gH~> ~ Qx, #+~ Qx Hey~Kx
D q^^ # Z~^H l< O? p! ^=_ =ê gO l# g
q^^ _Q#!! gH H< |n, *#~ ^? J<_
W~ (ix J ~KH~@). (66,67)
''gO^< K#H~> W`_ He"~_, g ^=`# H_
H~_ J<O O. (68)
(z=iH P ÔO
W~x Jy Q~_~H qi"O. JC_)
"= ''Jw! W~ H~ ~u~K, K| _ Jx P^t~K=. (69)
O W~H H_ K EO. J` "= i ^+
`x
u H>=. (70)
(W) " = W ~x, ` x H_ ~ K H ~
L~z# Q~ " fH O. "=`xH (F H_H) W Mx,
P (F =#=_) Yx k~KO. i u XH_ ` O+_Q
fik^=. ix "= =P[ HO~ ([H) =O^ O H` ~ =~K
<HQ KO. Ò K ~ _x, #=A (==) <Hx,
(^ PiH ) [H` Ke~ Kx iH kq+$u Ô L^t ~KO.
O = ( )H
. (71-73)
`H "= q"Hx, (^`) *<x k~K=. "=`_ Jj
HO K ~ _# [ TO #~z ` ~z ("~ K>H) Òe ~K=. J
*u O= ÔO *u. `H "= = HO}K K>K=.
J`# [# x _. (74,75)
# =$`~`~ (H_ QOH `KH): O~îH O~ J`#
==e "_ H<_. "=`x O# PH~z J`_ , J`x H@~x XH
^ P^ #~_ OH~K=. = H xOHi~z# *uH =uOH~Q
J`xH ~ K=. P *u [ O= ÔO
. J~^= "=
O~^s (#_ =^~) =~z"=. (76,77)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(21. JOa)
365
^=^, = <# Qi~z (q#): iÔ XH xH ~|~k~

z# ==O~ Qi~z fO K QO. Ou" P ~ WÒ "H
_ ". "= i <<x K< =. "= iî H q"H~ ,
(^`) *#~ k~K=. J#>H "=C_ ~~ # fO Qi~z
= <H =`" J=Q# Hey~K=.6
"= ^=^ H~ H , O `# J^ L~KO. Jq J`x`
@ ^=u K~_q. D x xO~Kk "". g [#~ H~
"=`xH ^H = K ` OK q^#~ H_ <O=. >` gO
XHi ^_ #~_ =OHO H_H~>O. =i gO (WC_<) H$`[`
KÒ? (78-80)
= < H~ "= f="# Q# J^ L~KO. Jq J`x
P^~ ` "= L~z# Q~ g~ _q. =H u q+ =
`. "= J<H `# H_ J`x J^[ L~KO. Jq J`x
H~ (O` "eH f_xH =^~) =#H " ~ _q. J^HH~_
Jq "O # H_ J<H~ K ~ _q. @x>H "" O "HH ~. (81,82)
J Q^ H_ QOH`KH. J`# (kQ u L~_)
''!) <# [|_#. h= J~îH~> Q ^=_= Jx
ZQu "O@H <_. "=`x "OH~z J`x ^ Ô~ K=.
J`xH "= J`x O
< H^, = ` H J#Q ~` W~H J<H
Q H_ k~KO. ^= H
H W^H (=~z) Q}O~ . (83,84)
WH W, Wn, AH
# Qi~z gO~` Z~` #jO.
giH "= = HO}K K>KO. g~O` [# . (85,86)
=`k` _ OQu *H ~ `K H. J`# H~ =z "o_.
"= `## xn=x q~K_. z=iH J`# (K H_ zH
Hx) Q_~^H O~ ''h= ` =O PO^ _ _ . h= i^_ = . <#
6. D H
<==H ~|~k~z# O~_ q+ <. >x ^=
=H (~ ) Dq^~ Q è*O:
''(<)JkHi `# (*#) ik "OH fOK _xH H= ~K# H ~_ H$+
K# C_ O# fO "=_@~ [iy`, J`xH O>~ }
~ a ~ k. XH"
(P H$+) `C _ fO "=_` JC_`x H UH }
~ a ~ k. (|Mi)
<kHO =_ q^Q L~>O. i XHO Ox , qye#
WÔ #OH =Ò. <x Qi~z ^xH J#Q}~Q fiK_ Ox
J=`_. <x Qi~z _ ^xH =uOH~ Q fiK_ #OH J=`_.
(W=[, J|^=^)
366
(21. JOa)
Y~P< "=$Ò
x[~Q ÔO}

#Jx "O@H <_. "=`x "OH~z J`_
^, i` #~_ q=H Hey~KO.7 WQ "= qe OH O.
[Hi =$`~`~ H_ J`# `# = xk ''! ##
(~`#~ H ~_) X~@i_ K H. h" J~îH~> =~z O _q
Jx i~K_. "=`x O# PH~z J`xH # J#Q ~K=.
J`x H~ J`x O# (QO ^ O}H) fik^=. gO~` Jq``~`
Ò K ~ _O. ==e Z~` P`,
H
` i~KO.
= =~^ Z~` J}H=` L~_O. (8790)
7. =`k` _ J~> # =H (J ). [` # (J ) ^=
Ô ~ Qi~z Z~` L^t ~z< P# *u[ ^x q~K^ . z=iH P#
qQu ''WH g ^= tH qOKH_ `~k Jx ix ~ z, ^=x J#=u OH
=~^ P ~`~ =ê "oO. î XH _= ZHO. Hx P _= =^~
H~K~ Ô~ Q< |O"H = =xy K# Hx~K. ^~` XHiÔ
}H e `y~K_~ ` <qH_H Q` ~Ò~ H ~k. JC_ <qH_
èy~K=# }H x q+ = p> " J~^ [` # (J )
O =z~k. JC_ # (J ) qkH =^~ ^HO.
J # =H (J ) =^~ ^HQ< F ^ K Px q~y
"~k. K H_x pH> HO~ P# `_` ^=_ "O@
H<O. JC_ ^=_ P# "OH~z Px K H_ #~z |>H f_.
J~> K Px |>H HH fO~g^ _" ~ k. (WÒ q=OH 37= J^~
139-148 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.)
K H_ H =z< # (J ) r=~Q< L~_@~ @ H~Ô
PO_= K. Hx W~^ PO_e# q+ "g ^ . W~> ~ @#
JC_C _ [OQ`< L~>. LO _[ 1964 |=i ~zH W~>^ XH
~ @# Qi~z =# =z~k.
P uH HO~ 1891 PQ
O P kD J< <H H~Ô *O "
Ke @_ xH =^~ =^ "O. JH_ WO J_Q _=, J^ _Q
"_
, =~^ @# |O=Q XH ^ K` _H #= =z~k. D O}
K
Q Q_# >H Jk * O
J< XH *ix q~y "~ k. =O\ ~A
J`x q`H P K Kz `` Hx~z~k. O K# JuH+~ g^ <H g^
ZH~z fH O. `~` ^x @ H K J~^ * r=~Q Hx~K_.
J`< K H_ JO=~ Q~@ @ L~__. J< J`# Kx^ .
Wk Ô} i` [^~Q ^=#C_, JÔ} i`
^=_ `# =H# ==x`~Q K H_ #~z r=~Q |>H f_?
` H~_ fQ_. P# O H= ~`_. (`= YOP< #~_)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(21. JOa)
367
j~ H_H# =$`~`~ H_. "=" (QO ~ )H = P`#

T^=.8 P"#, P" H=O_ =` ~ KxH xÔ #~Q KO. (91)
g =[~(Ô ~) x*xH XH =[~. <# g =#. H#H gO
#< POk~K~_. Hx P [ O O~ qk ~KHx `= Ô x peH
eH K H<O. J` z=iH J~Ô =^Qi H O=L~k. (92,93)
P `~ "` Z=O< qQ L~_ Ò K= ~>, J~> =H
PKO}
H q= x=H=_=~@ [OQ^ . ^x "= #^K < O.
"= UTix <#~K, q> #~_ "=_ (WÒ *`) qOKH_` O.9 (9496)
(P Ò `) J Q#~ <O" ~ =~ Ò< P#==`~k.
JC_ O`Q ùOOH (c`=~`) x=Q_ _`.
O (`=# `= x~k~KH~@) ''J! = _Q#, ""~`
U=O @ _L
<~. (H^) "= `~ J#~>O. (97)
8. WH_ ''= P` J~>, ^=_ F uH O~` e r=OH =kiQ
P#H XH P` L~^x, P P`< = P` Jx K _~ [iy~^x JO~ Z~`=`~
H^. =` r=O P` ^=x `, P# $+. =` $+ ^=x ~^.
P# `# ''P` ~^ #~_ XH P`# f =O~ (J ) QO ~ H ~_.
^< WH_ '= P` Jx K |_~k. =` ~ K
QOH " @|_
P`h ^=x P`. `~ P`H P< [x. (4:171 ^ zH)
=#=_ è QO~ }~ H< q+~ Qi~z =OK@ YOP<
q ''P ^=_ J`_ iO =#=_Q O~k~z J`x (sO~) `#
P`# T^_ (32:9) Jx O#k. nx|> u =#=x ^ ~ L# P` ^=x
P`#x `~k. (WÒ q=OH, 32:9 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
9.
K# Wk H_ XH>.
~ ~q ~K_xH HkH~ =~^
E*, =E* J< P@qH *` # #~z =ê# HO=$Q XHiQ
î ~ K~x qq^ *` g^ qOKH_` . (18:97-99 H
H_
K_~_.)
K## Qi~z ^= =H (~ ) W èO:
gO =~^Q Hx K# K_#~`=OH
~ ~q ~K^ . Jq - Q,
^*, (q+) KO~ , _= O #~z O^ ~, =O~ H=O_ D (J )
J=Ò}
, E*-=E* ^~_ `, < H~y =_ ^ ~ @#XH> Ò#, O~_ _= O#, =_ JOa n~. P Ò ` z=O =<
#~_ ~HO"# Jy(=~@) |î [# + "^xH `H~k.
(=~ ) n~`@ 44:11 H ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
368
(21. JOa)
Y~P< "=$Ò
gO, gq^^ #OHyH q^

=_~ M~. #OHxH g
O~` = L~@~k.10 Jq x[~Q ^ ` #OHxH =. JC_ g
O~` JH_ `~Q _L
~_e. OH _ f="# `#` HO
K ~ >O. O^, O^# =^ iH Un iQ qx~K^ . (98-100)
WH = #~_ Z=iH " [OQ`~^x =~^ xO"~^
O ` H~_ #OHxH Ô~Q L~>O. ^x (cHO ) ^ x H
< iH
qx~K^. O HH~ `=H+"# (O)Q F_`~>O.
f="# ()c` =~# O U=`~ P~^# K~Ô.
^=^` ix Qu ''gH Q#~ K|_# ()k#~ W^
J#~>O. (101-103)
"= PHx YK@ K@> OA (W^~` [OQ`~k).
"^> "= $+ xO}x Z O~a~K" J^q^~ Q ^x uiy
H`Q $+ =. W^H Q#~. nx <O" O =# ^ ` =g^ L~k.
"g x ` H~_ K=. [|O "= `^ ~ K# `~`, =
}^ qH O=Òx "=. HOH W~^ Q
~^~ (Q}~O ) L~k. (104-106)
==^ (~)! "= x# =` ~K e@ (^=)
HO}~Q K ~=. (J~> "= x# =`#o H~ HO}
=iQ q ~* =.) (107)
"iH KC : ''< ^QO H =# kq+$u HO~ g ^=_ XH_.
=i gO (P ^=x =~^) q^
` H>
O?. O Q#H (h =@
J~wHi~KH ~_) =Y~ uCH~> iH q^~ Q K:
''<# q=e Z~> JO=iH H ~_ +~ Q, @~Q K
i~K#. WC_H gH Q#~ K|_`# q+~ (J~> ^=tH)
10. J| a< [O J< Jq D Hx q=i ''Dq^~ Q = ^=`
(qQ ) QH~_ = (UH ) , L*O , ^= ^` H_ #OHxH Ò# =@!
J<_. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) =^#q ''P...^=xH |^ `## POk~Kx
HOH ~K~ `=H `= ^==x, Q=` O=x, J=Ò
O+=x, Jf~k H
QO=x KC H~@ [ #~_ [ J~^H<
|@H , ^~Q = H_ #OHxH Òx `~k. J` O~
H~ =h qQ #, i OH z# l~KO #OHxH ÒQx,
i [~Q` èx P =h #OHxH O. i * OO P
=h `, O} U=`~ =Q#H O #OHxH H ^ .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(22. *)
369
g~ L~^ Ô# L~^ <H` è^. gO |O~Q~Q =>_

`# q+ , O ~Q L~K`# q+ Jh ^=xH `. <#
=`~ Wk (J~> tH
*~) gHH sHx q< #. XH xs` k#~
=OH (~zH) OK Pk~K_xH W q=e LH J=H~
W=|_`~k. (108-111)
(z=iH =) =H W J<_: '' ! `#O~ fO K...
[O! = = Z~` ^=_. gO He` q+H
(<QH) =uOH~Q P< =H ~ K_. (112)
J=Ò}
: =n<
22. H` (*)
H: 78
D J^x ''* J~>O. W~^ H~` =H OA, qyeOk

=n< O~ OA J=ì~z#@ `~k. "^> Q~ =H
Jq `=uOH "Yi Qi~z L~k. O~_= Q~ W~ Hi~z
P =O~ ZÔ H# H< ~Kx qe =~ê~K
_~` @, `Q^## qH Hx P^, `= W=|_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

=#=O! g = PQxH Ô~Q L~_~_. x~^~Q
H~~ K f="# (
~HO) q+ ~. (1)
P OA iu K_... > u `# K~>a_# `~
=Oz `~k. JQ u Qi}H QO=~ J=`~k. [ "H~
H< "H~ L#@ HxO. x~^~Q ^=tH K Hi#~Q
L~@~k. (2)
H~Ô *#~ H~_< ^=x q+~ ^#H kQÒ. O
à OH# u +`<x J#iO. J _ Ò` `#`
~K# u =x+h "_ =O+_Q K, #OH~î KQx
=ê@_x OL~k. (3,4)
=#=O! =O}#~Ò rq`~ Qi~z gH" < J#=#~ L~>
XH q+ ~ Pz~K~_... "= ("^@) q=e =>` $l~K=.
Ò ` gOa~^= Ô >~ K=. P Ò ` ~_~ O~, P
=~~`. ^x O~ J~^~Q# L~@~k, J~^q#~Q# L~@~k.
gH Ô~ +~ H=_xH W^~` (``<=).
"= `z#^x QO
~ XH xs`H ~ =OH P L~K`=.
Ò ` q=e XH t= O~ |>H f=.1 (P `~ "`) gO
1. q=OH 23:14 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
370
(22. *)
Y~P< "=$Ò
iQ H= H KO H=_xH (q=e + < =). J` g

H~îx =~^Q< "#H e~KH~@<=. =iH~îx Jh è#
Ò ` Ug è#~` nO =H KO `<=.
h= q iu K< L<=. Jk Z~_ |~[O <Q =O
`~k. `~` "= ^x =O~ Hi~KQ< Jk ==~ La
`~k. `~` O=} ^$~` OHO H K@, K=e "Hu ~ k. (5)
g@x>H =HO}O ^=_ =`" ` ~. P< =$`# uiy
|uHOK"_. P# u h KQ =O_, OH=~`_. H#H
_ ` H~_ =~ k. J~^ Z~> ~^ O ^ . (Kz)

=^ H # "O~^s ^=_ ` H~_ (|uH~z) `_. (6,7)
=iH~Ô<O. O Z~> *#~, =OÔH`~, (*#)H~u
k~K Q~^~ Ug H ~_< [e _î >~ K_xH ^=x q+ ~
Q~_ qOKHx =s "k~ >O. J~> "_H ~ K~ J==#~,
Ju+
qQ.
k<# "=`xH #OHy `# KqKO.
''W^ hH~, hK*` ~k~z ~H#^x e`~. J~`Qx
^=_ `# ^H Z~> J<~ K _(Jx J`xH K |_`~k).
[ =iH~Ô <O. O (Q_gk e
) X_g ^ xx ^=_
POkO . U^< ~ Hx `$Q L~>O. H+~ =z_` (W~ #~_)
"#H =OeÒ. D q^~ Q O (O~>H K_ O=_) W@ ~ Kh
HÒ, J@ O
Hh HÒ. W^ J# #+= ~>. P Ò `
O (x[) ^=_ =ê `=H Z~> ~Qx, #+~Qx KHOx
q^^ # iO . W^ =O + ` xH OH+. (812)
"O ~H< ZH= #+~ Hey~K >x "_H~@<O. J`x
~OHH _ O= K_ _ J`x KO _ H_ O= K_ _. (13)
(nxH a#~Q) `x (=#iQ) q~z ^KO ~##
ix ^=_ ` H~_ O =~K O= < "t ~* _ .
^=_ `#`z# x K fO`_. (14)
`#H ~ K~Qx, O
H~Qx ^=_ Z~> ~ K _x
q# _ XH `> ~` PHxH ZH O~^~ " e. P Ò `
`#H H~@H"# q+ x `# H
H
xOk~K QQ`"
KHe... W~> +" # q+ ` "g YOP<x J=ì~* =.
^=_ `# `z# =HH =O~ K`_. (15,16)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(22. *)
371
`x q~z#O, ^#O, a~ (),

H = , =E (Jy *O), |^ O^H - gO~î Qi~z
^=_ k<# fOK_. u ==, u q+= ^=x
^$+ ^ ~ L~k. (17)
=H L# = $+O ^=x =~^ ~Q_ `#
q+~ h= Q=x~K^? O_, K~^_, #H`, O`,
=$H, [~`=, J<H=~k =#=, (^=) tHH JO#
K=~k =#= H_ (~Q_ `<O).2 ^=_ XH=Hx hK_Q,
H ^_Q K ^KH~>, WH J`_ Z=O QOq~KO . ^=_ `# `z#
x ` H~_ K_ . (18)
D O~_ =O (q, Jq) =^ i = q+ ~
[Q_~ UO_~k. "i `x uO i~z#i H~ Jy= ` O
K|_. i ` HQ h>x H=i~K_~ [OQ`~k.
^x= i KOH^, i @x Q `~ He Hiy`. J~`
H^, ix z`H ^_xH W#Q^
H_ L~>. O ^ i ~K
H #OH~ #~_ i=_xH u~z#C_ ''^ # `# Kq
K_~_ J~@ ^= ^` "ix uiy #OH~ H `" O . (19-22)
(O~_=O~ ) q~z Ò K# ix ^=_ O =
~K O= < "t ~* _ . OH _ OH ~ H}, =}=}H`
J~Hi~K|_Ò. @= îO. iH WH~ t+=K#~
Hi~K ^ k k~K|_~k. iH "Q@ K|_~k. (23,24)
` uOO (<_ [e) ^= =O~ H Ox=H~_ xOk < O.
"= [~î H~ xi~z# ux ~î~KhH~_
J_~ H $+ < O. u~ xHQH, |@#~_ =KiH
H_ =# H<. J~> ^~ Z=~~< O hu=O~
2. =` $+O ^=_ |kr=# =#=H =`" =~pK_,
Ô Ô qKH}
*#~, J~^ U^ XH^x Z~KH<, ^x HO~ #_K H< K
k~K_. Hx =#= H~Ô D K# îxQO ^=x tHH
JO `<O. O ^= =H
k~z# Ô ^ x, r=# q^<x kH i~z
^ Q xH QO=`<O. Hx O `=H K W=|_x HOO~Q~ `=H è
H~_< ^ [e tO=< =# = ~ Q ~KH `<O. D q~x =
KOKO, $+O Uq^~ Q ^=xH q^
, P# xOt ~z# H$ u K>H
H@|_L<, =#= H_ `=H K W=|_# HOO~Q `~ ^=xH
q^
, =H
Ô P# ~# H$ u K>H H@|_ L~_x YOP<
K|`~k. (WÒ q=OH 13:15 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
372
(22. *)
Y~P< "=$Ò
` Ô<xH _` iH "= ÔO tH KqK=. (25)

W~ =$`~`~ *H ~ `K H. J`x H~ "g P
x
uk W L^t~K~: ''< ^=`~ Z=iH Q=~ He~K
H_^ . g^
=O . iH_ `=H~ L~K|_# [< K ìO . Hx xs`
k< "= k~z# =e ^=x O` |eKO . Ò ` ^x
O u~>O, ^H_ ^#~ KO. P `~"` O `= =iH,
=e< `y~KH~>O. `= "H|_ fOH~>O. P D
p# P~ K@ ^H }
KO .3 (26-29)
3. HQ$~ t=e~Qx e# #O L~^x, =~ J~> QO Q _
K@ ^H }
KOx , J~^= Wk H_ XH q^" # qQ O^# H~kH =~ ^x
H~Ô |^ O^H q=i~ >O. Hx #O HQ$~ HH~_,
HQ$~ " F =# Q_ J=O|_ L~^x, P #O e~QHO~ QH
Q~@_ J~_HO~ L~^x O `He.
* ~Ô ~ Q uH HQ$~ K@ U_ ^H }
K = L~@~k.
P ~Y# H @H=_xH s #O ^QO ~_ ^H }
K _~ O~aO .
H#H W ^H }
K _~ qQ O^# H~kH O^. P =>H = H ^H }
H~>
#Ox =^_@
~ =i~` f="# q+ ~. ^x Qi~z O~_=Yb [`
L=O (Ol) U=<O K_~_:
''P# Fi H Q_x #Ox ~k W J<O: 'h= Z~>
~Qx, #+~Qx Hey~Kx XH Oq =`". ^==H (~) Q#H x#
=^_ >
x K L~_H ` <# x# Zx>H =^_# . (|Mi)
[` L=O (~) |^ O^# (+O )H ~|~k~z# K# H_ ~K
O H^. ^= =H (~ ) Fi =H #QO~ tO
x â ~`~ XH
K@ H~^ xx J#KOe ÔO>xH O i K` ^~ K~KO.
=HH ~ P K@H J~`H q~z =O~> =Y~ ^ . Hx P `~` [`
L=O (Ol) <H~ [ ^x Z~` q`" # = $H~ Q q~z ~Ô #~
H~ Ô~` #~z H_ O=_~ O~a~KO.
[` L=O (Ol) D ~Qu qx Z~` P~^# "e|KO. q +`
D
k =ki '+O H î f=Kx q~z, "~@< P# H~Ô =#+e ~
P K@# HH>" ` #iH"
~KO.
=OH i P# H` K `> uH` H =n< uiQ~ >
î XH =^ =z~k. ^x K_Q< [#~ Z~` L`~` P =^ #=*
K_xH J@Q OQÒ. P =^ ^==H (~) Fi #=* KO.
J~^= [ ^xH Z~` =Y~ W=QO.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(22. *)
373
W^ (HxO} H ~). ^=_ xOt ~z# u` H q+ # Z=O

QOqO Jk ^=x ^$+ ~Q iH O~.
gH Q_ è* |_#q ` qye# =h gH~ Ô
=`~ K |_. H#H gO (=~^Q) qQ =e<xH Ô~Q
L~_~_. J`, J` H# =<~_.4 iQ UH#Y
J # =`" POk~K~_. P#H Z=ih > He~KH~ _. ^=xH
>He ~z#_ PH~ #~_ J=~`~ J^ `~H _ #>. WH
J`_ H < _KHx u~> ^ Qe J< Zu Ô~Q qi
_ ~ k.5 (30,31)
W^ (J q+~). Z=O ^=_ xO~z# îH z#
QOqO i $^ Wk ^= cuH xÔ #~ J=`~k. (32)
F xs`H ~ =OH P |e =e gO WÒ #H~ L y~K
H=K. P `~"` (>x) > (|e) ^"# p<~ ^QO
(|eK =) L~@~k. (33)
[ `=H ^=_z# =e ^=xO i~z |e=_xH "=
J` [` L=O (Ol)H D "Y
i H_ #K^ . P# i ^QO H o
J<O: ''Q~^ [ (^, H = ) `= =H
=^ e, i OHz #
PO^< Q K H<O. H=~ D HO}~Q< O <#=O. gO H_
W~> J~Kh #H _ K*` <#~ Hx `K HH~_.
4. ^=xH WÒe =OQ K_~, P# Q}Q}, H=O,
JkHO, H P# ^H Q=~ He~K_~ =QO q+
J`, J ` H# H~kH =. U q+ ~ #< ^=x P[H, P#
=H ^# H =uOH~ Q Wk Ô ~ (), Jk JÔ ~ (O~) Jx xO
~K_~ ,
^x PKi~K_~ H_ J` ~ H~kH =.
^= =H (~ ) J` =}~, J|^ H ~ q+ ~ D Hx xÔ #~Q
O~@ ''J|^ H ~ ^=xH >He ~K_~ ` =#~ J<O.
W=" J|, W=" ==^ J|^ H ~ q+ " XH `
(îHfO) W ''<#~ J|^ H =x OA=` ~|~k` =HH nO
*
tH qk~Ke J`# J|nH _x KO~ K e J<O.
Yb [` L=O (O) H~ XH`# Wz# H ~ J|^= x <#~
OA=~k. JC_ [` L=O (O) P =Hx XH O[ |O~Q ^ ~ x>,
< =x+ H_H < =H J` H. W`_ QO@H~_ Jx K>~
"~KO. P Ò ` J`_ *
>O . (45:7 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
5. q=OH 7:41, 45:7 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
374
(22. *)
Y~P< "=$Ò
u =*xH XH |eq^#~ xO
~KO. QO~ KH~_, g PO^ _ XH
^=_ =`" . P# P[< tO= P#H gO q^
L~_e.
=H! #=`, J}H=` #_K H<iH O qx~K. ^=x
H OQ g
L~k. H#H >x (X~>#) x> ^=x O LKi~K~_.
(J~> ^=x O i~z l| K~_. |eK# Hk H}H) >
g <g^ (K#O `~Q) xez# Ò ` > =~x gO
u#~_ Ji~KiH, Ji~KxiH H_ W=~_. gO = @ H$À
L~_>xH "q =e gH~ J^ L~K=. (36)
^=x ^QOH > OH=~ KO=. g H P# ^QOH
KOH~>. gH <O~ K#~^H H$`[`Q `## u~K_xH
^=_ D =e g J^ L~K_. =H! [#H O
J~^*
. (37)
^=_ q Ò # ` H~_ O_`_. P# q `H _#
U H$`_ q~K_. (J<~Q) ^_H _#i` O_iH
(P` OH} O>xH) J#=u W=|_`~k. HO}~, O K
_~ K|_O . iH ^=_ ` H~_ ~ K_ . (38,39)
O `= W~_ #~z J<~Q "_
Q@|_O . O ''= =
JJ#~` =`xH W [iy~k.6 ^=_ Q#H [# XHiÔ
=OHix `^=>~KH`, ^=x O J`kH~Q i~K|_ =O,
6. =H |^ O^H =~ # =H L#~` H~ ~~K_" QH,
=H =ê =n< " # C_ H_ ix J_H ~@ Z "k~ KO =KH O~_
LÔ} K_~_:
[` Oq(Ol) =n< ==_xH |î#C_ YO+

Px xOk ''h= WH_H => K` ` =z JO i~^
~k~K=.
H#H h= ^KH~> J^~` WH_ =k e J<O. ^~` Oq
(Ol) `# H+ _ ~k~z# P~ ` =ê H=~ H@|@` =n< "O.
[` J| `# O L"#, XH a _# fHx |î
#C_, L" =~
Px J@H~z ''h= " ^KH~> ZH_H< "o
TOQ . Hx = J=x =`~ fH _xH g^ J<O. J~^= J|
(Ol) O#, a _# =ê XHO =n< "oO.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(22. *)
375
=~kO, Ks, =^, (WÒ) PO^< ^~~ K|_

=^~ L~@~k. (H#H) ^=_ (`# ÔxH) ~ Kix
` H~_ P^H~>_. ^=_ Z~` |_ _, O H= ~`_. (40)
gO (Z~` hu=~`), giH "= Ô }

O*kHOq #=*
== <HÒ. [H` KeO. =~zx Qi~z ([e) P^tO.
K_ # JiH_O .7 = ==O O =#~ ^=x Ku< L~k. (41)
=H! O Q#H x# uO i (uO i~Kh), iH O~ #
*u, P^-=^ *`, W~*u, `*u, =^< H_
uOi~KO. = H_ uOi~K|__. D uOOH "^>
<<~ ` J=HqK#. P Ò ` ix @H <#. K_ <tH Z~`
Hi# "# ^! (42-44)
(W) `~_# Z< @}
# "= <#~ K=. D<_
Jq ` H~^Q _ (tk=
) L<. Zx = __ L<!
=Ox "_ tkQ =i!! gO Ô }

uiy K_O? (uiy
K) i $^ JO~ K H<qQ, i K= q<qQ =Oq H^!
x*xH KO KH =H J~^` ~ ^ . $^ KH =H P~^` ~ L~k.
P `~ "` J| =~
=z '' _ = =~xH K~k#_ Q#H,
J`_ =H y~Ke J~@ L" ^QO ~z a _# |=~`~Q H<O.
~ L" (Ol) J@ O qQ~`, W@ ` qQ~` ^^ _k@
kQ` ^ _ O . P Ò ` ZQ _ ^H ~KHx P" X~@iQ< X~>
g^ =n< "oO.
7. Wg i< ^ ~ Uq> D H ije~z# iH W> è
`~k. Wg i#, J~> =~ i# H^. H =~ =~ JkH
~MH [Q, HQ L~_ ^# <_ Wg ^Q O#_~ [OQ
`~k. Wk iH^. g>x =~ ^x =`" K Q~. W~ HO~ *=
û *ux^ Ô d` (^= ux^ ) == UO_# Ò ` J~>
`xH [# <O~ #_~ K=# ^ ` H_ L~@~k. ^x H~ D
H
<Q ^q H ` è* |_:
(1) H [ #=* ==# <He.
(2) O ^x H #~_ [H` = K ^x ^, J<^
, q`~`= .
H~, WÒ [#~H= HOH H~ qxy~Ke.
(3) Ò# Qi~z q$ ` KO~ K e.
(4) qq^ L~_ K_ x>x =~Q `_z>~ ^H u~Ke.
D qÔQ [iy#_ Ô x["# O[~Q =i` [ ~f
=O =^ ~
JO^* O k.
376
(22. *)
Y~P< "=$Ò
gO tH H~ = `~Ô_`<O. ^=_ `# Q<x Z#_

~ QO K
_ . Hx h = ^$+
XH OA gO H ~K " ~=ÒH
=#~Q L~@~k. Z< @}
ÔOxH _. <# "^>
>H J=HqK#. P Ò ` >x @H <#. z=iH J~Ô <
^Qi H uiy O= L~@~k. (4548)
==^ (~)! iH KC: ''[O! <# (g a+x.
î< î~KH =~^) q=e +~ Q Ki~K_ =`" . (49)
`x q~z ÒKiH =x~, QO=^ # Lk
L<. = He H~KO K
_ xH u~KO #OH =Ò.
==^ (~ )! "= hH O~ +`< Q_= H ~_ L~_ U
=H#, ~Ô_ ~^. u =H U^< K^KH#C_
+`< J`x xH J=O^ $+ ~ __. J` +`< $+~ K J=O^
x>h ^=_ (Z>H C _) `y `# He =i~` >+ ~ K < _.
^=_ O ~ è#_, = q"H= ~`_. (5052)
$^ OQ=#iH, =H=#H +`< Ôe ^=_ Hi#
sHQ K_ . Jb ÔO
``~ =~K_~ ^g i O.
*#~ k~K|_#O 'Wk h = #~_ =z# ` ~ Jx `
Hx ^x q~Ke. i $^ P# =~^ ~ye. q~K
iH ^=_ ZC _ <O" K_ . (53,54)
` uOO `= O`Q
~ =z_^ H ^ XH î<#
U^< q` qOKH_ =OH ^x q+ ~ ZC_ J#=#~< _
L~>O. k<# O*kHO~ ^=x^ J=`~k. POA, q~z
^KO ~## i Qi~z P# fO K_ . O Q Q`
x~_# O=< "tO. = H xOHi~z Jq~#i
H~ =`~ J==#HO" # (#OH) `# HKHx L~k. (55-57)
^==O~ =#O Ò` K=_" H K~|_@"
[iy`, J~>iH ^=_ (O
H~) +" # Lkx_ . ^=_ J~î
H~> =~z Lk^`. ix P# O O=#~^ i`
(P#O^) xxH KO _ . x~^ ~Q ^=_ O ~ è#_, Z~`
=$^$^ _. (58,59)
`#H P<~ [iy# "OH =`" uH K# =H uiy
Ô#~ [iy` ^=_ J`xH `H~_ ~ K_. ^=_ Q
H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (60)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(22. *)
377
Ou #~_ Q>
x , Q>
#~_ Oux "eH f_ ^=_. P#
=~ q~@<_, K< _. ^=_ ` ~. ^=_ =ê O l#
=h q^ , J` ~ =`" . ^=_ Q_, =#`_. (61,62)
^=_ PH~ #~_ =O~ Hi < _. ^x= q ="
`~k. Dq+x gO Q=x~K_~ ^? P# Z~` H;Q,
O ~ Ziy#_. =H L# =~ P# `. x~^ ~Q
P# xOHO _, ` Q ~ h_. (63,64)
~ K~ L# =h P# gH" J^ L~K_. P<
F_# `# P[` =^~ #_K
H=|nHi ~K_. P< PHx
`# P[ x^ _H~_ L~_ kq @H<_. W^~` gO
K_@~^? x~^ ~Q ^=_ =#= @ Z~` `_, J~
^ =_. P< q=e |uH < _. P< q=e K~`<_.
P< q=e (J~u=k<#) uiy |uH_ . Hx =#=_ K H$` _
_. (65,66)
u =#= =^~ H~ ""H PO^<q^#~ xO~KO.
^< Jk J#i~ k. H#H =H! D q+ ~ O h` k~KH _^ .
h= h = " [e =. x~^ ~Q h= <O~ L<=. (67)
h` "^#H ky` "iH KC : ''gO K #h ^=xH Q
`. P# k<# gO qk# q+x>x Qi~z g
=^ fO K|`_. =HH K~k# J}=}# Qi~z P#H
`x h"OQ? J=h XH Q~^~ #"^ L<. D #h
^=xH U=`~ H+ ^ ~ H=. (68-70)
gO ^=_ =ê q^^# POk<O. J~^H ^=_
Z~> =}~ ~^ . iH H_ P q^^ e Qi~z Z~> *#~
^ . H#H D ÔO
H (O
H~) ~ KO=O L~_O . (71)
h= uOO ~Qu K< L<=. = q+ H i
#C_ "~ =M z>~ KHx = H
i # i XHiQ
qOKH_Ò J#@ i " HOHO KO. iH OQu KC:
''J~`H~ > hK" # q+ ~ Uq> K < gH? (Q Q =~_) #OHy!
ùOO H~ Jk HKHx L~@~^x ^=_ i q+~
Q#~ K_. Jk O= K_x ~. (72)
=#=O! XH LÔ} W<~, q#~_: gO ^=_ =ê
i# q^^h H Hh~ XH DQ<< $+~K^KHO>,
378
(23. "q#<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^xH_ $+~ K= . K P DQ > ^QO ~z U^< == x Q~A

H~> P == x H_ Jq ^#~_ q_~ KH=. ~ Ji~KO,
~ Ji~K|_O W^~ |#. J H= ~`_, QO=h_
^=_ =`" . (73,74)
^=_ ^= ^è ~^ OQ xq_ . JQ =#= H_
H~î ~ÔQ xq_. P# =~ q~@<_, K
<_. i H ^@ L#^q>, iH H#=OQ L#^q> J~` P#H
`. = ==O P# ^Qi H KO H= L~k. (75,76)
qO! "Hi~_, ~Q_~_, g =# POk~K~_,
Ò K ~_ | gO H$Ò
=Ò. (g rq`~ OH = =
`~k.) ^= =O~ (^+ H
`) O_=# q^~ Q O_~_. P#
q=e `#x H~ Z#H<_. Ô ~ P# gH Z~> W|~k
Hey~K^ . g `~_ W~ =[~ O ~ Q L~_~_. ^= =H gH
HQ x|_~^H, gO [H H Q L~_~^H ^=_ g O#
Wk=O _ =~ J< >_ , WC_ Q~^~ H_ (J^ O >_ ).
H#H #=* (==) <H~_. (^ PiH H) [H` Ke~ K~_.
^=_ (P# Ôx) Q>Q @Hx L~_~_. P< g ~OHH_.
P# Z~` =~z OOHH _, =~z H_ H_. (77,78)
23. q ("q#<)
J=Ò} : =H
H: 118
D J^x ''"q#< (q) J~>O. Wk r HxH

PO_ UO_ O~ J=ì~z~k. W~^ q Q}Q} =i~K
|_. Ò ` $+x O}~, H$ u HO# ^=x UH`xH xÔ <Q
O~@, Q`*` Ki`H Q^# q Jqe OA=O~ "
=_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

q ` H~_ H$Ò
=Ò. (i jO W L~@Ok:)
O `= #=A Z~` J}H=, #=` >O . (1,2)
xH=e# q+ H K Ô~Q L~>O. (3)
`= ~^ #~_ (^ PiH H) [H` Ke O . (4)
O `= O, x
q+ ~ ` (WÒ
q+ ~)
`= =O= H_H~>O. (J~> =aKO~ `kÒ Jj
Y~P< "=$Ò
(23. "q#<)
379
380
1
K+
H _O .) x
q+ ~ i Z~> x~^ ^ .
Jk ` =O^
< HOO ^g i#2 O=Ò. (5-7)
O `= Jy~`, =}, X~^ q+ ~x*f
Q ==iO. (8)
`= #=A# H=~ ` H~_, x=|^~ Q >O . (9)
J~>O =#` OxH O =Ò. JH_ O HH~
(Q) L~>O. (10,11)
1. =O=e H_H=_~ J~> ~ yH ~O ~ K H~_ L~_@~ Jx
JO~ . J` D x#~_ O, `= Jn#~ L~_ x
q#~K
|_O . J~> O`, x
` ~ yH ~O ~ Ô =`" ## =@.
WH_ XH q+ x ^$+
@H"e. J*#H~ #~_ Q` =# x
==# W~ `~K ^ . J Jx ^x iQ x+k~K# ^ . J`
`~è |=~`~Q xQ =O_x W~ f=~Q Qi~ k. Q xH
K k~K_~ Q }HO~Q Ja=i ^x `~k. nx HO~
J<H= ~k =HJ
#KO (Ol) `= Jn#~ L# xH K k~KO.
(q=OH 24:33 HH O# ^ zH K_~_.)
W~ x ==# iQ x+k~KH =_xH HO}~ ^M n =e,
=lH J=O# ^$+
@H=_" . ^M n =i_ "~@< [OQx H~
W~ P Mn # xQ iQ}~ z =O ^ H n#~ K ~ k. O P
xH *=#=Ò. i [=#~ x = L~> i`
OH =kiQ ~ yH ~|~^~ H_ @H < J#=u L~k. J~`Qx, WÒ
O+` JH= ~|~^ @H=_xH, =aKO~ K _xH ix qKq_Q
=ê@_x W~ J~wHi~K^ . ^x= =lH = L`#= =^~
L~@~k. J~^= Z=i [=#~ L# x
` O =` ~ yH
#~^~ J#q ~K=Kx W~ J#=uxz~k. Dx U=`~ =aKO~ H~kH O^.
(n~`@ 70:29-31 H
H_ K_~_.)
2. D H =aKO~, e~Q~O~, =+"^#~ (Q~) =Q~
JH= ^` h x+k~K|_. ^= =H () =He L^t ~z W k~KO:
''=HO! g q ^ ` <O" O H QO ` H~_ q~
K He. q~ ^$+x H~kH K ~ k. =O~Qx H_`~k. q
^ ` <O" O x (o K Hx)O JC_C _ L~ >~Ke. L~
H"^He xQ ~ * ~ k. (|Mi, =~ )
J` Q~ q+ ~ +sJ` "`
(Y "`
) =^ ^ a
L<. W=" J^ a< ~| (O ) nx Ô =`~Q iQ}~ KO. W="
=eH (O ), W=
(O ) nx x+^~ (O~)Q iQ}~ KO. #
^QO Wk x+^~ J#>H, f="# H"^H~ Hey#C_ ^$zH~ Q D x

[iy` ^=_ Hq _x Pt~K=Kx J~>O "O.
(23. "q#<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"= =#=_ <}"# =>` $l~KO. Ò ` J`_ XH OH`

^ ~ Hi# a~^=Q =O=. Ò ` P a~^=# <` >
=^Q
O~k~KO. uiy P <` >
=^# "`>
~_~Q KO. P `~` ^x
Z=HQ =O=. P Z=H =~~ H=. P (J~^ }~
) F #`# $+< LxHH `K=.3 H|> ^=_ Z~` HO_.
3. D H
=#= xO}~ QO ~ HO|_# gOa~^=` O~= =
`~^x, P gO a~^= <` >
=^Q O~^`~^x, uiy P <` >
= ^ "`>

~_~Q =O`~^x, P Ò ` P ~_~ Z=HQ =i > =~~ UO_
`~^x è* |_~k. D q^~ Q QO ~ a_ H=H=~Q O~k z=iH
}~ Hx |>H =_x q=i~K|_~k.
Wq P<> [H è* |_# q=O. J> [H~_# q^*<#
|> W~`H~ > ZH= q=O è*< iH JO~ H=. Hx D<> =#=_
=#= ^xO}x H=~`"# iHO Ô H}~Q ik~z Z< H`
q+ `H<_. nx HO~ =#= sO xO}~ ^^= 10,000,00 H@
r=H} =^~` [iy~k. XH "^_ < 300 H@ H} ^H L<.
''Ò< "iH = xÔ< kV~_# K= ~Q i
(xO}~)# K=. z=iH D YOP< x[~Q ` } J< q+ ~ i
=~^ |@|=`~k. (41:53)
QO H ~x J~_~ H_ XH r=H}". Wk O+ r=H}~` ~Q~
K~k ~_ù [OQ`~k. J>H Jk UHH}
". XH H}~ O~_Q, O~_ <QQ,
<Q ZxqkQ....W D q= H}~ H>#H@ r=H}Q q_`~k. P
r=H} "O O ~ì~KH~>. D q^~ Q XH z# J~_~ H>k
r=H}Q ql `=`Qx i =#"H$u î ~K^ , t= iy ^^ = ^.
JQ sO~ g^ Q"# C_, Jk =<Hn JH_ KO ~, =~~ H_
H}q[ # Ô OQ`. JO> #t~z Oe H}H |^Q H`H }

@H # =@. J` Q~ iQ =x# Ò ` D OQ^ P>">Q
Py`~k. =$^ ~ #` = g^ _H n H}q[ # H=~Q `y `~k.
J^ POQ=~`"# =x+ H}*xH H#O H` H}~Y ^^ H~_
qs`" # "Q~ ` OQ`, z=iH =x+ }xH =C `z _`~k.
D r=H} i=}~ Ju H;"# k. Ô}~Q XH qbg@O i=}~
100 r=H} L~>. Hx ^q Q, Hx z#qQ H_ L~>. D H # XH
qe g@O _= 50 #~z 200 H} ^H L~>.
u r= H}~ XH >[~, XH #H
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# *# H U=`~ W+~ ^ . ^= =H (~ ) `z# =u_ =< P"
qkH Do KHe =z~k. W+~x q|~^~ Z~`H~ Q
`~k? J~^= _k uOH =~^ P ~O~ z@@
ÒH KOH<. H@q# HO^~ J=H _ `_~
DJyH P[O ~. z=iH iu q_H^H =z~k. q_He xOk~K
_xH ^==H () K# ` e~K ^. z=iH q_H Ò"`
^= =H () `#H W+~ H < ^ [` P"# q"=_= =z~k.
P Ò` H@ q `= ^+^H~ HO~ '|h =eM
^~ #~_ uiy =#C_ =OH ^=O~ =nO. |h =eM
390
(24. *u)
Y~P< "=$Ò
`Q ZO=^~ fO# l^, OaQ =^ '=O h>|Q ~`~

x=~_O. r H~ PO= ~=Ò~ < < D `Q
=n< ^_ K_xH ^< K<Ox ^==H (~)H
=KO~ J~k~k. P# "~@< #~ fHx "ix ZÔ=_xH
=n< #~_ |ÔO. ^==H () =O ~`xH KOHQ< |h
=eM `Q "O^_ KO. D ^~ P`Q <H_ i a<
lOO =k~K|_Q< J`x xH c`= #~ z`y~KO.
D ^~_` H@q H_ <O. Q>"+Ô#
D ÔO =~ q^ $+~K_xH, i Jx~^ "_
xH J#H}
~ J^# H~ HKHx L~>O. ^~ =y# `~` #~
W~H =O ~`~ #~_ |ÔH =~^ h q+~ WÔ
=~ =^ `Q^ =z~k. Wk zeH zeH Qe# ` O J<O,
=lO =~ OO~ `_>xH ^=O. =xH ^==H
(~) =z i K_~` [Q_~ Py~k.
J` H@q <H_ J| a< L J<O=~#
OKQ_ ''D =lO =#g^ qOKH_O~> nxH gO HOH.
gO "# =n<H O~z K@ He~KO. g P Q~ H_
Wz +~KO. ^xH u~Q gs<_ gH Ò HO<O Jx
J<_. P Ò` J`# =}~ K =n< "o# Ò` =#
QO=h_#_ hKe #QO~ #~_ |>H Q~>"_ J<_.
(D=@ 63:7 H q~K|_~k.)
H@ <H_ H# D HOH` ~Qu ^==H ()H è~k.
JC_ [` L=O (Ol) ''W~>_ `=~e J<O. Hx ^= =H
() J~^H xOHi ''J`_ K~` H~ U=#~@~k? ==^
~Q `# J# KO`<_x J#H^? J<O. P Ò`
#~ "~@< |Ôx LÒ *sKO. (D ~@# Qi~z#
WÒ q=O H~ 63= J^xH ~|~k~z# L^`~ K_~_.)
^x HO~ #~ =O ~`~ #~_ |î~k. =O<_
=^~^H ZH_ q_kK H~_ }~ yOz~k. P `~` H_
ZH_ ZH= PQH~_ }~ y~z z=iH =n< #QO~ W~H
Hx " Ô~ L~_Q XHK@ Ou" q_k K~k. JH_ POu
q~u fHx Ò*=# =m |î~k. P ~Ô~ H@
q =H f=} [` P (Ol) O"# Jx~^ "O.
x*fO# H~Ô =~ `~ i ^+KO xH QiH
H~_ L~_H O. ^~` [` P (Ol) D Jx~^ #~_ <
OA^H |@_H O. z=iH ^=_ kq+$u Ô D
Jx~^ Ô~ K_. (q=OH 11= H ^zH K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(24. *u)
391
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~
W^H J^~ (O). nx "= J=ì~* O. D J^~(x
P^)# qkQ >~Kx xO
~K=. gO Q ~K_xH W~^
"= +"# `|^"# H J=ì~*=. (1)
=aKi, =aKi}- giî u XHiH =~^ HO_^|
H@~_.1 gO ^=_, J~u=k<x q~z#~~` ^= Ô ~ q+ ~
i (tH) @ gO U=`~ # u "e|KH_^ .2 ix tH~ K@C_
H~Ô q ^QO L~_e. (2)
XH =aKi =aKi}x ^ |Ô^HOex ` =O=ih
q=_O^. JQ XH =aKi} =aKix ^ |^ O^H _ `
=O=ih ~__H _^ .3 qH W~> q~ x+k~K|_~k. (3)
1. =*xH =~ " # H@~| ==# z<a#~K =aKO~, JH=
~|~^# W~ Z> iu # ~K^ . ^xH Hi# tH
# qk ~ k. L^: q~Hx =H S<, O+_< =aKO~ K, tH =~^HO_ ^|.
q` =H =aKO~ K, tH O qi `=O_~.
xH tH, KO H qk~K tH
Q~ =`" qk~Ke.
O+_ x |=~`~Q =#~ Q~ K, O+xH =`" tH L~@~k.
WgO[~ =" Ò H i=` tH$u HO" tH L~@~k.
O@# H*i# =H, `xH @|_H `, `~ ` ^=_
H= } HOH~> K. [ J~> =H `xH O ^ K O^.
(O~~ z~K|_# tH H~ 4:16 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
2. <kHi <O _ @ ^ ` H "`H "Y i` ^=_ xO
~z# tH#
U=`~ `y~KH_^. JQ <O_ @ Hi# "Yi` ^=xs` tH# U=`~
z~K_xH_ g^ . nx Qi~z ^= =H (~ ) W KO:
''k<# xs` tH XH HO_^| `y~z tH qk~z# <kHix
" \ ''W Z~^H K=? Jx J_Q`_ (^=_). ^xH J`# ''g ^
HxHO~ ` W K# Jx J~>_. JC_ (^=_) ''h= i q+ ~ <H~>
ZH= ^ =_" ? Jx J_Q`_. Ò ` ''W`_ fHo #OH~
_
~_ Jx P[=`~k. JQ xs` tH H~> XH HO_^| ZH= tH qk~z#
=OH <kHix " _O . ''h= W Z~^H K=? Jx J_Q`_ J`_
^=_. ^xH`# ''[ h Jq^
`# =#H~>Ox W K# J#~>_.
^=_ D=@ qx ''i q+ ~ h= <H~> ZH= èqQ_? J#~>_.
Ò ` ''W`_ fHo #OH~ _
~_ Jx P[=`~k. (` O HcO- POQ~)
3. ^= =H( ~ ) W qKO: ''`# O Ô_`Q
Jx è H_
q_He=H~_ P"# JQ ^QO @H <"_ O~ "t ~K_ . (J^)
392
(24. *u)
Y~P< "=$Ò
j=`#
Jx~^ ", ^xH #QO H fHOx
"ix Z# HO_^| H@~_. J@=~> =H K Hx WH
Z#>H Hi~KH~ _. "O
Ô# . J` DxOH~ `~` `~
` ^ x "_ Hx `= #_=_H# ik^ H#O Ô# Q iQ}~ K
|_O . (J~>i q+ ~) ^=_ H= je, ^ =_. (4,5)
WH O Jx~^ "# O, ^xH `= ` =O=O
H x H~ (W K = L~@~k:) i XHO <Q O
^=x g^ =}~ K `# PO} x["#x H ~ Ke. Jî
`# PO} J|^= ` `# ^=x Ja~ _ QH Jx He. (6,7)
JQ (x~kÒ# ) H_ <Q O ^=x g^ =}~ K
J`x PO} J|^= x H qe. Jî, J`x PO} x[=~`
`# ^ Q ~ qOKH_ QHx He. W P"H tH `C `~k. (8,9)
gg^ ^=x HO}#Q Q#H HL~> (gO K#
`^ @) gO ^=_ Hq~K_Q, q"K<O_Q K_QeQO
H^. D J^# g< XH=O~ =n~k. (J`) nxgO K_ Q
q~KH~ _. Wk gH (XH~^H) =~z^. W~^ Z=O~` ` =~KO
P"OH O ~ =@Q@H #>. 4 D ==O~ J`kH ^ ` HC_ 'Wk xOÔ"#
Jx~^ Jx Z~^H Y~_~K^ ? "O (`= PO}# xO~KH=
4. Wk H@
q [` P (Ol) "# Jx~^H ~|~k~z#
q+ ~. ^= =H (), P# J#KO |h=e M ^~ #~_ =n< uiQ
î XHK@ Ou" q_kKO. ` O*=# [` P(Ol) |~qH
"O. J` H~O O~ _ =_~` P" ^x "` H~@ =m "#H O.
P" uiQKQ #~ |î "o~k. P" J~s HO<O#Hx
#O xH ^xZu X~> g^ >O . J MmJ~s` #~ "o~k.
[` P (Ol) `# Hx~KH ` "` H~@ =O Jx `z P
^ ~ < ^> HC Hx _ H<O. HH`m~Q XH xH_ "#H~__.
J`<"# K qKO~ "e|K`, Z~` QO=~` P"H ^QO Q `# X~># `z
HO>_ . P" X~>H HO<O. J`# Q~ @Hx #_~ KH~@ =^x
H <x KO H<_. D ^$~ K H@
P (Ol) g^ xx ^=O~
=nO. Wk P<> D<> H "`~ #~ HiK ~z~k. nx@
^= =H, P# J#KO f= P~^#K~Ô. <OA ^H =~ q^
K J=H<. Ò ` P" qÒx ^= ~^~ J=ì~z~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(24. *u)
393
_xH) #QO H e Z~^H fHO^ ? "O H ~ fHO^ ,

(fHOO H_.) ^=x ^$+
"O z J|Ô. (12,13)
g g^ WO
H ^=x J#Q ~, P# HO } H>H Q#H
H =~>, gO U (xOÔ" # ) =@ _ O "\ O =#~Q
g O" # q` =z_k . D JÒ} (Z~`K_ q+ " g~
Pz~K~_. Jk) g XHi#~z =OHiH (HiK) ~k.
= ~ Uq> èx=@ g<@ "=_~k. gO ^x Ô} q+
=x q~ _O. Hx ^=x ^$+
Wk K f="# q+ ~. (14,15)
D~Qu q#Q< ''W~> =@ J#_~ =#H `Q^. ^=_
i^_ . Wk zJx~^ Jx gO Z~^H J#^ ? gO (x["# )
q` WH=~^ Z#>H W~> K+
H _H _^x ^=_ gH
L^t < _. P# O ~ è#_, Z~` q"H= ~`_. (16-18)
q Jj q+ ~Kx HOH<O W@ ~ K~
#, J@ O
H~# =î `" # tHH JO=Ò. (=[~ g^
Jj~ Z~` ^+=~ " ~ ^) ^=xH `, gH è^. gg^
^=x J#Q~, P# HO}H>H Q#H H=~> gO ^=_
"`=iQ, ^ =xQ K_Qe QO H^. (19,20)
qO! +`< J_Q*_ #_=H~_. _ `## J#i~K
"iH (ZC _) K_ , Jj`# Qi~K Ô^ K_ . gg^ ^=x
J#Q ~, P# HO } H>H Q#H H ` g U XH_ i^_
(=#O) H_ . J` ^=_ `# `z# "ix =#~ K_ . P#
O ~ q<_, =~ Ziy#_. (21)
g LÔ =, (PiH) =` Hey#"O (D Jx~^
~KH#) `= |~^=H, xO^H, ^==O~ WHe =ê
= =z#iH ~ K= Jx =}~ KH_^. "ix
Hq ~Ke, LHO Ke. ^=_ q=e Hq ~Kx gO HOHO?5 ^=_
Z~` H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (22)
5. [` J||HO (Ol) `# H=O [` P (Ol) H@
"#
Jx~^ OQu qx Z~` ^ _ O . H@
=n# D x~^KO~ =QO
J=H =~ H_ zHH<O. i q a< J (Ol) XHO . P#
^_# ~^# [` J||HO (Ol) ÒK
Q P#H PiH ~ J~^* ~ _
O. J` D x~Ô} Q@ |@_# Ò ` P# D x xe
"O. JC_ H J=ì~z~k. ^~` [` J||HO (Ol) q (Ol)H W~`H
=~^H< ZH= PiH ~ K _~ O~a~KO.
394
(24. *u)
Y~P< "=$Ò
j=`# J=H =~ = xx Jx~^ "O

W@ ~K~#, J@ OH~# Q=Ò.6 iH~
Hi< uHi# tH HKHx L~k. (23)
W Jx~^ "O (`=H =uOH~Q) `= <, H,
K` `= JH$`# Qi~z H qK O*H> =~ ^# ~Qu =Oz
H_^ . POA ^=_ "i JO`#|> "iH iu
~ W_ . JC_
`~ k "iH ^=_ ` =x, ^=_ x*x x[~K K_x. (24,25)
Jq` O+H Jq`
, Jq`
Jq` ~+ `y#
[~@. JQ q` ~+H q`
, q`
q` ~+
=`" Q. [#~ KC H< (`C _) =@H Jf`~Q "O i
^
, q`. "iH~ =x~, LÔ" # Lk L<. (26)
qO! gO g W~_
H ` WÒ W~_
H i J#=u
7
H ~_, iH ~ K H~_ "t ~KH~ _. Wk gH~` =~z û .
nx gO ^$+
@H ~>Ox "q k < =. P =~ JH_
Z=O Hx~KH `, J#=u a~K#~`=OH gO eH "t ~KH~ _.
XH" gH ( #~z) uiy "o~_x =^#~ = gO "o~_.
Wk gH~` +" # û . gO K #h ^=xH Q `. (27,28)
J` Z=O x=~Kx W~_
gH [#~ KH O == U^<
L~> J~> W~_ (KQ) "t~K=K. J~^ `C^. gO
^# ^q>, =H O # ^q> J~` ^=xH `. (29)
=H! q~z# O+ `= K (O
_H ~_ "O " )
=OH"x, `= =O="# H_H"x "iH KC . "iH Wk
K +"# û.8 "O K #h ^=_ Q=x< L~>_. (30)
6. D H Qi~z JOu= ^= =H ==^ (~ ) W Mx~KO:
''qÒ# (xx) Jx~^ "_~ J~> =~^ Ò# K*`
<#~ KH=_". (`x)
7. DH HO~ WÒ W~_
H ^~QK@Q `~y K_@~ H_ <O" .
JQ WÒ LÒ # i J#=u H ~_ K^= _~ H_ `. ''=x+ `#
Ô x LÒ ~ J`x J#=u H ~_ K^= _~ J~> JyH `~y K_@" Jx
==H (~ ) L^t OKO. (J|^=^)
8. O
HH`m~Q XHi K _` `C ^ . Hx =x+ L^
OH~Q =m =m K< `C . J~> =Hx ^=_ Hq ~K_ . ^= =H (~ )
W =z~KO: ''=x+ `# W~kx>`# =aKi<_. K_@~ H
=aKO~. PHQ =>_@
~ <> =aKO~. ^ x Ô =^ Ox Pk~K_~
Y~P< "=$Ò
(24. *u)
395
(JQ) q~z# `= K (OO+ #O_ "O ")

=OHx, `= =O=# H_Hx iH KC . JnQH
"O `= J~HO}# |>H H#|_hH_^. XH" @~`@"
# F}` HC He.
|@_` J~^ `C ^ .9 O `= =H
O
, `~_, O
`~_, H#H_H, O
H_H (J~>
=u H_H), J#^=, J#^= H_H, JHK H_H,
`=` H" L~_ KO , ~` x, `= Jn#~x
~K x O+,
P~Ò~ yH q+ èx O- gi
K= =aKO~. K` `H_~ , Ô^ ~` #_z " _~ H K` =aKO~. =a
KOxH ~|~k~z# D L^`h <O" i # `~` =O~Q P x iK
^ iK
_xH ^ _ ` . (|Mi, =~ , J|^=^)
D q+ ~ Hx q#~<. O+_ `# o K H^z#
x =~^Q KH=K. [` =QO (Ol) q~ K H=_xH xO
~K
H#C_ P#` ^= =H( ~ ) ''h= P x K? J#_QO. ^xH#
K_^ < O. ''J` P"# (Fi) KH. nx= gWî =^ #H` UO_
J=H=~@~k J<O ^= =H (~ ). (uil, #, W=[)
JQ XH W~> x=~K O+ (|~^ =) O O~ KH=_~
Z~> `C ^ . <O i^# =~ J#=<^ x K_=K. <
#~ H qK@C_ <=i, H qK x K_=K. _HO kQ x
K_=K. O
, S_~\ (QiO) HO
=QO ~Ô ~|~k` O+
`` ~|~^
# K_=K.
(~^ , oK, q"O, Ô` rqÒ QiOz# q=~ HO 'WqH
i~ O@~ #O_ "=_# ''=O = K^= O_.)
9. O+_ O x K x|~^# H< O O+x K x|~^# H
=$^=Q L~>. sO~ |@ H =# Hh s~ Qx ''Ò J~>O. <a
#~_ "H H~k =OH Q Q~ O+x Ò Q xO
~K|_~k. P Qx J`#
`# O =~^ ` =O=i =~^ |O` ~ K H_^ . ==` qO#
O^~ O ` WÒ "
X~@iQ L#C_ #QOQ LO_@O H_ `.
` H~ P" =Y~, =~*` , ^ ` WÒ sO Q=~` Ò
Q xO
=~k. P" P sO Qx `#O =~^ ` WÒ O+ =~^
|O` ~ K H_^ . HH` W~> `~_, Ô `kÒ |~^ = =~^, P"
W~># K#C_ J=O"` =~Q g^~_ ^ Hu H@H=K.
|@~_ `>
=~^ P" Hh~ <a#~_ "H =OH O_ Qx qkQ HC
He. #Q, PHO}

"# |@, "H =y `# O H =`" iq`~ K e.
W~> #~z |>H =Ò =Y=Q` i ~^ >~Ke. J` oH
Ô =`~Hx |~^ = =~^ i O^ >~K#=O~ ^ .
396
(24. *u)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Z^@` WÒ =~^

`= J~^K~ ^, J~HO}
# |O` ~
K H_^ . W~H `= ^z# J~HO}
~Qu [H è O
`= H# <H H_ #_=H_^ . qO! gO~` H ^=_
H= } HOH~_. JC_ gO H$Ò
J=H=~@~k. (31)
g ~q#Q, Oq#Q L#"iH o K~_.
JQ g x Q# "iH H_ o K~_. "OH"
xO^` ^=_ `# J#Q~` ix ^xHQ K_. ^=_ H
^# ~#_, =~ è#_. (32)
oK H< (PiH) =` xO (Jj K+
H _H ~_) ^=_
`# J#Q~` `=H PiH =` KHO =OH P`xQ~ >
L~_e. g x Z=O < ` ~ ` X ~^ ~ Q i~z gH
q#q~KH~>, "i =~z`#~ L~^x gH Jx~z#C_ "i q#x
J~wHi~z X~^~ K H~_. ^=_ gH k~z# ~^
H~` Q~
(x` ~ #~_ q=H ~^_xH ~Q) "iH J~^*
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10. O~ JOa` @ J<H ^ =_ q^ x L~_O.
XH>, Ò` O #~_ =~O~O Q =# x ==. O~_, KO #
|=~`~Q Z`Ho xQ =i"_~. =_, ^Mn. "^> OH~
x`x W~ XHiQ J~`"
~k~z =[~ ~H~ $+~ K_xH |^
`^ `, îH P^`, ` K>` nx H" } J~`~ K ^z~k.
O
H
~ H~ xH Kx x k~z~k. iO~Q x
q_^ H~ Hx îH P^ *s K~ k. JQ H~` PiH u
~ fHx
q_^ K x H_ z~z~k. (x =# Qi~z 23:6 HH O#
^ zH K_~_.)
D `=, P^` =` =~ =[~ x q"K<^=~
O~= ~k. =~ =" Ò Jn#~ L~_ x# ^ Z`# Hx,
iH `~Q q=H Hey~K_~ O~a~KO. ^= =H (~ ) 63 =~k xH
K k~KO. P# f=} [` P (Ol) 67=~k x# q=H~
KO. [` J (Ol) 70 =~kx, H~ a< *~ (Ol) 100 =~kx, J|
a< L=O (Ol) 1000 =~kx, AH
"s (Ol) 8000 =~kx, J|O < aH OH~<> x == ^^ iQ J~ìOz~k.
O~_= OH~ x ==# W~ O~~ < iQ x+k~z~k. D LÒ
HO~ K~ _ |=~`~Q xQ =O_~, J`_ J=_~, H#_~ x+^~ .
` W~ ^M n ==# =`~ x+k~K^ . ^M n =i_ H~
`H~ Mn # > L~K_~ J=O= =`~k. XH" Mn =i_ H~ `=O~
Y~P< "=$Ò
(24. *u)
397
g x = j=`Q L~_^KH#C_, ~zH

[< H~ "ix gO |=~`~Q _ =$uH k~KH~ _. "ix
Z=O< |=~`~Q J =i` P |Ò~ Ò ` i q+ ~
^=_ Z~` Hq ~K_, HO }~K_ (J=`_). (33)
"= g^Qi H +" # H
J=ì~* O. gH O~ Qu~z#
*` Q^
, ^= cuO H L Q_ `H
J=ì~* ~. (34)
^=_ =` =HH *u ~>_. P# H~u (JO~,
JO~. ^x)x D q^~ Q =K: XH Q> "Q`# n~ L~k.
P n~ F J~^" # QAzg =^ L~k. P QAzg =`~~>
#H `~ "i`~k. P n~ PeK@
#~_ f# #<` "Q`~k.
P K@ L^ ~ #~_ ~`~ =OH #" Z~_ `y ^ ~
iQ | [H =$HO [~. ^x K=O J`~` += ~#k. Jy`
O*< O* H< `#~`@ `# =~_Q
~[# `
~. "Q
g^ "Q(` H_# J^`" # H~u=~ P ^$~).
^=_ `#Hi# "iH `#H~u " î K`_. P# (W~>
LÔ} Ô =#=H q+ x q=i< _. P# u q+ ~
H }~Q Ziy#_. (35)
^=_ U P# Lî ~z, JH_ `# O# i L~_x
P^t~K_ P P< (P# *#H~u` <O~ ~Ô)
L~>O. "O P L^ ~, ~`~ ^#~ K Z~` x
Qi+L~>O. ^=O}, #=A#, [H` Ke~ ("^#) q^
xO} #~_ (~zH ""~,) "O==O "ix Z#>H q
i~*=. "O Q~_ Jki, H#Q_ ~aOK k#~
Qi~z
_ `~>O. ^=_ `= ` OH `y# u
~ W=_~`
=~^H OH`, ^M n q_^ H~ `= [=#H Z~> u
~
W=x iu L~>, J~> x# i O~Q (HO)Qx, }
H
`Qx q_^ K x W~ K|`~k.
=H H~ [iy# Hx ^ `= ^M n Q @ |_#C_
i H~îx i|~^= =z #+iO~ (k) Ke~z q_~KH
O. #+ i O~ Ke~ KHx Mn K^ =Ox =~ H K^ = <i` q_^
K=x KO ^==H (~). Pq^~Q O q_Ô. J@ k
Ke~KH=_xH Qx, W@ K^= K_xHQx Hx Mn# ^==H (~)
Z~> #+ i O~ H ~_< q_^ KO.
D q^~ Q W~ x =H KH x iO~ K~k.
398
(24. *u)
Y~P< "=$Ò
@ `# ` H J#Q ~` =i~` Q~ k_# P`< (D q^

>O ). ^=_ `# `z# "iH Jiq`~Q J#Q _ . (36-38)
(WH) Jq HO Z~_== xO Q==`. ^ HQ#
_ Z_i "^#~ Z~_=qx K, JH_^ [~ L~^x
q_ . fO P ^ xH KO H~> JH_
hO L~_^ . Q (f="#
^~` <H _K Q @
H , H#Ti` H@q>_ u ) J`xHH _
^=_ QOH _ . (Hx) ^=_ J`x H iK (^+$`
~ W=_xH)
^~ Q L~>_. (HO )H K_>xH ^=xH Z~` @^ . (39)
^ J`x iu x Dq^~ Q H_ =K: XH `# =^~
J~` pH>= ~Q L~@~k. XH J O =OH J O P=iOz
LO@Ok. P (x~y) HO" ~ W J~^H O~ J~^H O~` (#
" ) Q_~^H O~ J=Hx L~@~k. (J~> H>H pH>
) Z=O<
K* K_^
KH~> P K H_ J`xH H#O^. ^=_ Z=iH `#
(*#) H~u k~K_ J`xH =~~> H~f a~K^ . (40)
=H L
# = KOKO, OH * ZyO H ^=_
Z i< gH HxOK_~ ^? >x\H `= O#, O}
^` q> `. Jq K # #h ^=xH Q `. =H
=[=~` ^=x^. J~^~ P# xkH = L~k. (41,42)
^=_ " # "" Q Z #_ < _ gO Q=x~K_~ ^?
Ò ` P# P " # O O~ He_ . P Ò ` >x O
OQ K F ^ " =eH# O~k_ . P J~^ #~z =O~
HO~ k. W^~` gO K< L~>O.
P# (< #~_) H LaH =z# H~_ HO}~Q PH~ #~_
=_Q~ _# H_ Hi_ . `Ô P# `# `z# q^~ Q H~îH
#+~ Hey_ =iH~îx "> #~z H_`_. P " =$` x~yx
"O H# qOq@ Qe ^$+x KÔQ_~k. O~|= KH=
}xH H_ P< =HOH _. H #iH W~^ H#qC Hey~K
=~z Q}O~ L~k. (43,44)
^=_ u}x h>` $l~K_. > Hx @` H`.
Hx O~_H`, =iHx <QH` #_. ^=_ `# `z#^x
$l_. P# uh KQ =O_, OH=~`_. (45)
"= ""x +~Q q=i~K H J=ì~*=. ^=_
(g>Ô) `#`z# iH <O~ K`_. (46)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(24. *u)
399
"O (g ^QiHz#C_) `= ^=_, ^==H# q~z

q^
=x J~>O. Hx P Ò ` i XH=O~ (Jq^
`
K`) =Y~ uCH~@~k. J~>O (x["# ) q H<H^.
i O O q"^# i+i~K xq`~ ix ^=x " , ^= =H "
ez#C_ "i H~Ô (h ^QO H ) OH~_ =Y~ K>O . (47,48)
J` q+ ~ `=H J#H~Q L~> =`~ "O Juq#~
H =H ^QiH =O. i $^xH U^~< (H@)OQ~
J~@HO^? H J#=#`~ @H~^? H ^=_, P# =H
`=H^~ < J<~ KOx "~
_ `<O? x*xH W"g H=.
O `Q< O= ÔO. (49,50)
x["# q~` i q^# i+i~K_xH ^=x ",
P# =H " ez#C_ ("~@< O P #H ~k) ''"=
q<~, q^
~ J<e. J~>O
~ K~Ô. ^=xH,
^= =HH iQ q^
, i P[e tO= (u ==O~#)
^=xH
_ ` L~_O ^# , H$Ò
. (51,52)
(H@ OQ~H) gO ^=xO` Q> =} K ''gO P[
"= ("~@<) W~_ #~z |Ô `~ J~>O. "iH W K:
''(|@H ) =} K H~_. g q^
` Q@ =H è~k.
g HOH ^=_ Q=x< L<_. (53)
"iH (+~Q D OQu H_) KC: ''^=xH, ^==HH q^
L~_~_. XH" gO (xOH =~`) =Y~ uCH~> QO~KH~_=H "|_# ^ `H =H ^ _=`_. Hx g L# ^ `H
gO ^ =Ò. H#H =HH q^
~`< gO <O~ ~^Ò.
H `, =H ^ ` (^= ~^x) +~ Q JO^*
_" . (54)
gHO~ Qu~z# "ix ^=_ Uq^~ Q H~ Yb (^= uxk)
Q K_ J^q^~ Q g q~z Ò K"ix H_ YbQ
K#x P# Q#~ K<_. JnQH iH~ `# P"k~z#
Ôx "O PKi~K~^H >+"# <^ <H`#x, "i
#H u x ~u`~Q =O#x H_ P# Q#~ K < _.

J` O ## =`" POk~Ke. <H =O=ih > He~KH _^ .
P (Q#~) `~` Z=O uOO"Y
i J=~aO "O Ô# . (55)
qO! O< == <H~_. ^ [H` KeO K~_. ^= =H
@ q^` HeyL~_~_. JC_ gO H>H~K|_Òx Pt~KQO.
400
(24. *u)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Jq ~ K~ ^=x @ #~_ ` ~KHQOx q~KH _^ .

"i x~ #OH= =`~k. Jk O= K_ x~. (56.57)
qO! g x, [` =H KO Hx g eH
(_H Qk) g ^QO H O"~> O =_ "
g J#=u fH
=L~@~k. Jq- `H O# H =~^, =^~" gO (q~u
H~) g L_ f" # C_, Ou" O# (W#=*) Ò `.
D =_ "
gH~ UH~` =. Jq Q_z # Ò `
O g J#=u H~_ = J~^ g `C ^, "i `C _
^ . gO =>=>H XHi ^QO H =OHO O=# J=O= ~@~k.
(J~^= D P[ W=|_~k.) Dq^~ Q ^=_ `# H
g q_=Oz
è* < _. P# O ~ Ziy#"_, = q"H= ~`_. (58)
Q
g
[` =H KO H# Ò `11 O `= ^
(U "~ < O) J#=u fHx Oe. Dq^~ Q ^=_ `# H

gH qnHi< _. P# O ~ Ziy#_, = q"H= ~`_. (59)
=#^ ^>, o Px (=$^) = `= |OM
f" Z~> `C ^. HH` O J~HO} Ô#H _x
O L~_e. P K+ H_ =< *=`Q =H~> Jk
iH~` O~. ^=_ =~ q~@<_, O ~ è#_. (60)
J~^ _Qx, O\"_Qx ^ kQ _ Qx (Z=i~><< U^<
u~> `C ^ .) gO< O g W~_
Qx, g`~_, `` W~_
Qx, g
è-J==, <#= W~_Qx, g J#^= W~_Qx, g
JHK W~_
Qx, g, ^<# W~_
Qx, g"#`
W~_

Qx, g"#== W~_
Qx, gx- ^= W~_
Qx, ` K=
gJn#~ L# W~_
Qx, ^ g` W~_
Qx U^< PO~
u~> `C ^ . JQ J~Ô H u<, "~ OQ u< `C ^ .
J` gO gW~_
"t ~K =~^ W~>x "iH ~ K ~_.
Wk ^=_ xO
~z# PjO^~. Z~` ^" # k, i^" # k. gO
q+ x Q ~K_xH ^=_ g =~^ `# H
q=i< _. (61)
^=_, P# =H# $ÔH~Q #q#O (x["#)
q. ZC_< "O U^< =H HO~ ^= =H "~@ L~>
J`x J#=u H ~_ (ZH_H) " H_^ .
11. [ =, =Q

H` gO
#~ O~= <>H, P_

H` O`=~ O~= <>H =~ k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(25. ~M <)
401
(=H! W) h J#=u fH#"O ^=_, ^= =H# (z` kQ)

q~KO. H#H "O^< xH~ ("o=_xH) x# J#=u J_y`
hH+"# "iH J#=u W=K. J~>i H=} H~ ^=_
i~K. ^=_ Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (62)
=~ O! ^= =H # gO XHi<Hi KH< Q
q~KH~ _. g (U^ <~ `) KQ *OH<O=O ^=xH Q `.
P` =H P[e L~ ~KO `= U^< =^~ zH|_`"
"#x ^ ^~~ `# Q~=`"#x `z
_e. (63)
q#~_! =H L# =~ ^=xH K~k#^. gO Z~>
"Y
i J=~a~z< ~ Jk ^=xH `. gO (=O}#~Ò~ ) P#
#kH uiy =z#C_ (Q_ ~ Krq`~) gO U"q K= KO
J~` P# gH è*_ . P# O ~ Ziy#_. (64)
J=Ò}
: =H
25. w@O ( ~<)
H: 77
D J^x ''O< J~>O. J~> ``# "OK

w@O Jx JO~ . Wk r HxH POO_ O~ J=ì~z~k. W~^
YOP< QiOz# J#=<H =^< `xH q=Y#iH
ZÔ ^+O=<x Qi~z KiH Jq =_#=H,
ÔKO YO_# =~H Hx `= =Q~ q+ L<~.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

=` ~ K# Ki~K xq`~ D O< (w@O)x
`# ^x J=ì~* # _ Z~` ^ H_. P# =H
q =*xH Jk<` . P# `#H~@ Z=ih H_HQ K H^ .
P# =[~, O=` P#H Z=O >O . P# u
== #, (u}x) $+~ z, ^xHH *`Hx xO
~K_. (1,2)
(J~> =#`_, =Ò H ~ #_# ) ^=_ =ê =#=
Z~> ==# H_ $l~Kx, ~Q ^=xK $l~K|_#
q^^# POk<O. Jq `=H Z~> ~Qx, #+~Qx
Hey~KH=. K~, |u H~K H ">H J ^ . =$è #sq~*
H J~`H< ^ . (3)
ùOO (YOP<x q=i) ''W=h J`# He~KH#
J ` H#. D x J`xH W`~ _ `<O J~>O.
gO O" # J<xH, z J|^xH _O . J~`HH~_'' W=h
402
(25. ~M <)
Y~P< "=$Ò
~H~ =#+ #O_ =# H@H^

. ">x D#QO "~Oz
L^ ~, ~`~ ([<xH) qx< _ Jx H_ K QO. (4,5)
==^ ()! "iH KC : ''nx =H O # Ziy#_
=`" J=ì~* _. P# Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (6)
"i J~>O: ''W`<~ =H~_ |, _ u~@ g^ uiQ
=x+ ^==H J=`_? O, =H J` ^=_ J`x ^QOH XH ^=
^`# ~=KH^? P^` J`x "~@L~_ (q~Kxix) =~ê
L~_e. J Z~^H [OQ
^ ? JnHH` J`x H~ U"< xkxH
k~=KH^? h, ~`rq`~ Q_ _ xH J`x ^QO XH `@< ^! !
DÔO (q`) ''gO K`|_H Q~#_ "~@_O
J~>O. hQi~z Z~> HOH` H<O K_. giH =u
q ~z~k. XH => iQ Pz~z =>_O . ^=_ `KH~> O
K|`#^xH~> Z~` (Q~) hH k~KQ
_. P# Q H ~ _.
(XH `>q>,) , (J~^"#) "_ L~_ J<H`@ J#Q
~KQ
_. (7-10)
"O
(x# H^,)
x uO i< O.
x uO i~K
iH~ "= f=~Q [i #OHy ^ O z
L~K=. #OH~ "ix
Ô~ #~z K_Q<, "O ^x PQ^Hi`"# cHO Q O # q~>O.
"ix H, K` H>" F WOH# (#~H) ~ HH#C_ "O
(qq_ `) =$`=x O . (^xH) ''DOA gO XH K=H^,
J<H K=# KH~_ (Jx =^#~ W=|_`~k). (11-14)
''D Ôu =~z^ H
H
HiH "Q#~ K |_# `
O^=~ =~z^? Jx i#_Q. Jk "i H$`~. "i (=)
#~ J~u= Q=~. JH_ O HO u HiH <O" O `~k. OH _
`~Q L~>O. ^x (HO}H) k~K ^` h =
L~k. Wk P# ` xiQ <O" O =# Q#~. (15,16)
POA ^=_ "ix, x[^=_ =ê "O l~z# q^^ # XH
K@ KO `_. JC_# q^^ #1 L^t ~z ''< ^# gO
J=O~ >~ KO H O~`@O îÒ? Jx J_Q`_. (17)
1. WH_ q^^ ~> qQ x JO~ H^. ^= ^`, ^= =H
, ^= H

J=OgO, =h# q^^ Q O#_~ [iy~k. |^ O^H
ix lO . =Y~Q i =O}#~Ò~ i qQ , =^ , OHz

# lO . (D =H# l~Ki =# 5:116-120 H
K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(25. ~M <)
403
^xH i J~>O: ''(^= ^=! Z~`=@!!) gO Z~` i^

.
q=e QH~_ =OHi OHH _Q, +H _Q K <@~`> ^~ O =H
^ . (WH "iH "" K QO?) J gO "iH, "i ``=``
H
+~Q r=# =y k O. z=iH "O (" K#)
q= =Oz O <#=O. (18)
(H#H JqO!) Dq^~ Q (g ^ ) <_ gO~@# =@e
(
k<#) uO iO . PÒ` gH qk~K|_ tH #~_ gO U=`~
` ~KHO . Z~> = a~K^ . g Ô< xH (` uOO
xH) _# u_H "= Hi< uHi# `# KqK=. (19)
==^ ()! "= hH O~ ~# =H
H_ _ u~@,
g^ uiQ~. "= q=e XHiHHO sH ^< Q KO. =i
gO #~ =O? h = = q+ Q=x<_. (20)
= Ô #Q~ Pt~KxO ''^= ^` = ^Qi H Z~^H OO?
H ^=_ =H~^H Hx~K_ ? J#~>O. O `=#`= U^ Q
=x q J~HO~, àO`<` ^g i `<O. (21)
<O UOA ^=^è (HO) KO POA iH Z~>
O L~_^. (Jh ÔO.) ^~` O "` ^=_ O}
HO`~. "= "i H~ x\h ^ oO}= ZQO" =. (22,23)
~xH JO# O =`" POA =~z u L~>O. =^~
" (Z~_ f=`)# "|K_xH iH Q L~_ q~u ~
a~k. POA PHx pH~@ XH "~ `H==`~k.
^~`@ (PH~ #~_) ^ Z`# ^= ^` ky=O . (24,25)
P OA x["# =*kHO~ HO }=x^ J=`~k.2 Jk `
uOOH Ju Hi# "# î#~Q î~ k. u ÔO_ (f="#
`~ `) `# Kux HOH~@ ''J! <# ^= =H` Hi~z
<OQ q J=~> Z~` Q~_k!! J! <#
<"_ `
_Q K HH~_ L~> Q~_k!! "_ =î =@ qx < ^QO H
=z# `^ x Ô~ K H<<! <<~ ` ÔQ _!! Jx JO\_.
2. WH~ ^ ^ O* Ue, ^= ^# `= ^Q K H#
KH=O
, K~_# JkHO" H O iQ ky`~k. J~>"ix Qi~z ^= =H
(~ ) W èO: ''^=_ (POA) XH K` qx, =OH K` PHx @ Hx
'<< KH=ix, << O=_. =i Ui P H KH=O
? ZH_<O P K~_
#? U=O P J~HO? Jx J~>_. (|Mi, =~ )
404
(25. ~M <)
Y~P< "=$Ò
+`< =#=_ J`=O =~< #>@

=~K`_. ^= =H
'' ! <*u [ DYOP<x iQ xOH ~ KO J~>_. (26-30)
==^ (~ )! Dq^~ Q "= <O
# u =HH qO^ Q
K=. hH =O^ O #~ K _xH, _>
xH h " K. (31)
''W`x "`~ YOP< XHi Z~^H J=ì~K^? J#~>O
` uOO. Z~^H~> "= nx HkHkQ (k~z) hH H }~Q ^
O < ~. F ` H H=~ nx q_q_Q J~iQ O~k~K=.
h =~^ "~^~< H` q+ ~ (^ qz`" # =@) `z#C_ ^xH
~Ôz`~Q `y# =^#qz Z~` +"# su hH q+x
q_=Oz K|`<=... O _" #OHxH D_|_=#"i "Y i K
O~Q L~k. O iQ îÒ. (32-35)
"= =H (Ò`) Q~^~ Wz, J`x Ô _ J`xH
HxQ xq~K=. JC_ "i` ''= H
uO i~z# *u ^QO H
" ~_ Jx K=. z=iH "= P*u [# O <#~ K=. (36)
^= =H
# uO i~z# #*uH H_ J^Qu >~ k. "= ix
(h\) =~z, P ~ @## [ H~ Q}O~ Q KO. ÔO
H~ "= (O
H~ "O) =î `" # `# ^ O z L~K=. (37)
JQ P^, =^ *`, _|_ q,3 "\ =^ HH
K~k# J<H *` [ H_ <#=O. "i K =~kH
(Ki`H) LÔ}` q+ ~ #K*~. z=iH "= J~^s J~`"
~
k~K~. J`~` Ô}~Q (t)=O~ Hi~z (<#~ K |_)# @}
~4
g^Q gO Z<O }~ KO. =i O P @}
xH ># Ôu
Q=x~K^ ? iH
=O}#~Ò rq`~ #=H" ^ . (38-40)
"O x# K#C_ ''F, W`}< ^=_ =HQ K ~~k!
J~@ # KO . Q ''=#~ Q#H =# ^=` q+ ~ XH =@
O ~ Q L~_H ` W`# ` H~_ =#e _`= >~ z, =# ^=`
#~_ Ô~ K_ J#~>O. O, (O
H) tH K#C_ _`= >
~k Z=O iH `~ k. (41,42)
3. _|_ q J~> Z=O W^q`~ Q `^ . Wk ^ Q xH QO#
XH *u Jx, O `=H OA=O~ K_xH =z# ^= =H# _|_ qH
<> K~Ox =`~ `~k.
4. `*u x=~z# @}
~ ^ Q ~ qOKH_ O <#=~k. =H
YO+
O xq`~ i `#C_, i #~_ uiQ# C_ D
@}
tk# Z<O KO. P *uÔu Qi~z# Q^
H_ q<O.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(25. ~M <)
405
=<"~K< ^= ~Q K H#=Hx K h=? J~>_ îH

`Q
? "i K=~k (h=@) q~>Ox, JO~ K H~>Ox q
<? O
=~>O. H^, J~`H< kQ*iO. (43,44)
h =, h_# Z ~* < _ Q=x~K? P# `K
H~> ^x `" # h_ K Q_. "= O_ h_H =O^ i Q
K~. P (O_ HkQ Hn) "= h_# H"} =" "#H
fH~@<~. ^=_ gH~ Oux (pH>) ÒQ , x^# q~u u Q,
Q>
x z # K H< =~Q K_. (4547)
P< `# HO}(=O)xH =~^ (K>) Qex OQ ~
`<_. Ò ` PH~ #~_ K" # h>x =i~* < _. ^x Ô
"= (c@ "i#) =$` qH r=~ < O. =O" "= $+~ z#
r=O J<H= ~k =#=H, [~`=H P h>x `y< ~. (48,49)
[ Q}O~ <O H=_xH D==# =\=>H i =~^H
` < ~. Hx K=~k uOO~, H$` ` ` =O"Y i J=~a~K
_xH ^~ Q O . "= `KH~> u TiH XH Ki~K_ (J~>
^= =H# ) xq~K=. H#H =H! Jq =@ Z#>H q#H.
D YOP<x fHx i` Jq~` O@~ [O` L~_. (50-52)
P< O~_ =^# He L~K_. XH> =^ O" # =~zh>
=^~, O~_k Ju HO=~`" # LCh> =^~. Jq O~_ XH^x`
=OH> HH~_ "> =^ XH J_` O L~@~k. (53)
P< h>` =#=_ $l~z, J`x #~_ >
, ">
J< O~_
=~=$H# =$kK < _. h = Z~` H= ~`_. (54)
J~> ^=_ =ê [ `=H Z~> ~ Qx, #+~ Qx Hey~K
x q^^# POk<O. Q (D)Jq `# x[=H
=uOH~ Q u ^+ H H `__`<_. (55)
=H! "= x# OOxQ, Ki~KxQ xq~z
~~. iH KC : ''<h xH~ g#~_ Z~> u
~ Pt~K_~
^ . W+= # O `= = =O~ J=~a K. J^ Jk (=x+) J#i~K =<~K. (45:23 H H_ K_~_.)
406
(25. ~M <)
Y~P< "=$Ò
==^ ()! x`r=_, J=O_ J# ^=_ =`" h= #=

HxL~_. Px u, P# q``# Hx_` L~_. `#
^ HO `H=_xH P# XH_ K. P# =H
#, > =^ L# =x PO OA $+~ z, P `~` (q=*
k<` Q JkHO) ~#~ JkO~K_. P# Z~` HO }=_.
(H~>) Px Qi~z è#ix J_y `H. (5659)
P HO }=xH ~Q_ = x K #C_ O (uOO =~`)
''Z=O HO }=_? h= Z=iH ~Q_ = ~> "iH ~Q_ @
"<
=x? J#~>O. D "Y i` i uOO~ =i~` =ki~k. (60)
PH~ #H `= ^#, (^n=#"# ) O_, H=~`
"# K~^_ $l~z# H O_ Q H O _. P< Ou~|=#
XH^x "#H =OH> =K K_. ($+xO}~ Qi~z) z~KQO
iH, ^ H$`[` Kê KiH W~^ Q K# L~k. (61,62)
HO }=x (x[)H
q (qOgQH ~_) #=`Q #_O .
=O "i` "^#Hky` ''gH ~ J~>O. "O `= =
xk x|_ O#K, ~Q_` Ou Q_Ò. JnQH
^ x "_ H~@ '' ! ==e #OH
`# #~_ H_. P `#
Z~` ^HO~ Q, Ô}~Q L~>. #OH~ O= K_ x
~ Jx
J~>O. (63-66)
"O `= ~^ qxy# C_ Ô YOK O W@ ~ tH qk~K|_`~k. J~^< J`#
ZH~ J==#O~` H~y` O=hK~Q _=~>_. J`
`$^~` H=} HOHx, ^~`@ `x q~z
Ò K _~ "^_ ` J~> =x+H tH qk~K|_^ .6 Q ^=_
6. D O~_ H ^=xH > He~K_~ (+O-4:48,116), Z=i#~<
J<~Q K~_~ , =aKO~ K _~ - Wq OQ iQ}~ K|_. J<H
n [` J| a< ==^ (Ol) LY #~ HO~: ^=xH WÒ # >
He~K_~ ,
_ PO~ Qq J =i~` î^~ `_#
~`
J`_ `=O_~, Oy~>x O` =aKi ~K_~ - O Q iQ}~ K
|_. (WÒ q=OH 4:30 HH O# ^ zH K_~_.) J` W~>
Y~P< "=$Ò
(25. ~M <)
407
7
J~>i (Q`) ^+O# ÒQ =i"_. P# Q

J#Q je, O= ^ =. (67-70)
`~ ` H= } HOHx ^KO "Y i J=~a~z#_ x*xH
=#iQ `~ K~k ^=x " =Oe =z#_=`_. (71)
K# O `~ ^=_ H= } HOHx rq`x ik^H ~> Hq ~K|_Ò. L^
O}H [` J|OO (Ol) è# D ~ @# K_~_:
XHOA <# #|g=^
W#=* K W~>H XH = W~> =~^
x#k. <<"H ~ K < QkH "o#. ` Hx #
#=A
b#" #. H>H P" ` `>~ k. <# ` f U~ Hx J_Q#.
P" q+ O K|` ''< = =aKO~ [iy~k. JH= QO ~ ^#. _ _
J`_ K~#. =iC_ < H= }H U^< î L~^~>O? Jx J_y~k.
<# U=`~ ^x K#. < =@ qx P" ''J! < ~Ô ~ JyH
Pu H=_xH $l~K|_~^!! J~@ ~k "o~k.
=O<_ L^ ~ <# ^= =H (~ ) "#H #=* KH P# =~^ Ou
[iy# ~ @# q=i~K#. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) ''J|OO ! h= K ` _
=^#qK=. hg H. .. K^= ^? J<O. D =@ qx <# "~@< P x
"`H _ xH |Ô#. Ou W " < P"# HH QeQ#. <<"H h H
^= =H (~ ) W =^#qKOx O qx~K#. Wk qx "~@< P"
^=xH ~Q_ ''< H~ =x~ Ô~ Òz# i^ ^=xH <<~`
H$ÀO ex J#k. P `~` P" ` $^ ~` H= } HOHx `# ^QO #
XH xH K xz~k. (`x).
7. nxH O~_O<. XH>, ^=_ J`x rq` Q=x =i"_ . L^
O}H: W~ Hi~KH O~ J`# Ô K ~ __`, WC_ Ò
K < _. Q`~ J`# |^ O^# K ~ __` , WC_ UH^ O^# K < _.
Wk=OH J`# Jq` H ` =uOH HOHH _`~_ _`,
WC_ =~ ` H Ô ~< HOH ~@<_.
O~_, J`x # }Q =O`_. D q+ O ^= =H () W
èO: ''J~îH~> z=O #OH~ #~_ |@_, J~îH~> z=O O " ~ K
=x+ <H `.
k<# J`x ^ "~ K@ L~z, zO J`x
=~^ |O` ~ K~ . JC_`x ` '#=
< OA
< HO~ K ^?
Jx tO . ^xH`# B#~>_, xOHi~K_ . J` `# K# O
ZH_ |O` ~ K~#x #
_ `~>_. J~` 'h= K# D
u^xH |^Q XH }~ a ~ k " Jx K|`~. JC_`# ^=_ K#
D ^ ^H}
K, '<x~H ^ H_ K#. Jq <HH _ Hx~K_~
^? J~>_. ^= =H () D=@ K H # #=Ò. (=O )
D J^= } ~x " QiOz# i q=~ HO ''WqH i~ O@~
#O_ "=_# ''~ H #O J< H O K^= O_.)
408
(26. +J~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(HO}=x x[H) J`xH Z#_ HQ L~_O.

ZC_< O xH=e# ==O~ g^Q == ^x >~KH
H~_ ~^Q, QO=^~ Q ^>" O . iH i = H
qx~z
`^ ~ K _~ [iy` O J~^ Q, |kO Q =i >x xOH ~
KO. O (^=xk K` *_~z) ''! =O Ô
= H~>H K= k~K. "= ^= cuO H <H K
Jx iO . (72-74)
gO `= <xH u
~Q J`#` < ~Ô. ix (^=
^`) Z~` QOq ~u=K<` Qu~. OH_ (~O)
HH~ (Y~``) L~>O. Z~`=~z x
~ Jk! (75,76)
KC: ''gO < =x POk~K_xH =~^H OH` P#
=`~ q=e Z~^H H_`_? JnQH gOx uOi~KO
H_. H#H gO Ò< D uOOxH `y#tH J#q O . (77)
J=Ò}
: =H
26. H= (+J~)
H: 227
D J^x ''+JO (H=) J~>O. Wk H_ r HO~xH

PO_ ~=ÒH O~ =H J=ì~z#@ `~k. W~^ `
uOO PO}H, J~ÒH =^#~ W=|_~k. Q` =H
Q^ H_ q~K|_. z=O YOP< =#=OK# H^x, H=$+
H^x K|` `=uOH HOHH Jq ^+e`~ J#q~K
= =~^x Ki~K|_~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

`-<- g". Wq q+ +` Q Q~^xH K~k# H
. (1,2)
==^ (~)! (h iu K~>) O q~K_~^#
kQ` h= H$t~z~ } Q@H < L<=. "= `KH~>
PH~ #~_ J^`" # xÔ #~ ~ ^x =~^ "i "_ =~K
Q~. O `= ^Qi H HO }=x #~_ H`Q Z~> L^ ~ =z<
^xH q=Y=Ò. O
`x xOHi~KO. (iH îH OO.)
s<_ U q+ x Qi~z i =_`<O ^x q H` Uq>
Ò< iH è`~k. (3-6)
OC _ qx iH~z K_^ ? "=~^ OHO H ` H_#
Z~` =~z =$H *` >~ K=. x~^ ~Q W~^ Q K#
L~k. Hx i J<H=~k `x q~KxO L<O. h =
O H= ~`_, J~ ^ =_. (7-9)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(26. +J~)
409
h = =# ez#> Q^ qx~K. JC_ =` h

= ''ÔO# O<*u [ ^QOH ". O _O?
J<_. (10,11)
^xH = '' ! "O ## uO iO" #x
~Q L~k. <
Q~_ Jki`#k. <H iQ =>_@
~ O^. h= O<x =HQ
xq~K. JnQH "i ^QO <g^ XH <OO} H_ L~k. J~^=
O ## KOÒ" #x
_ `<# Jx J<_. (12-14)
''UgH^. giÔ = K# fHx " ~_. "= g`>
L~_ q+ h q~>~. gO O < ^QO H o '==e O H =
~~K_ H#H h= W ~ùx ="~@ ~~K Jx K ~_
J`xH. (15-17)
(==H O< ^QiHo D=@ J#C_) O< (Zu_)
''"= x# ` # ~ ~K^ ? h= h rq`x J<H ~=Ò =
^QO Q_ =. `~ "` U^ K "o=. ("= K# "h =Oz
z=iH =H ZO @_xH =K=#=@!) x[~Q h= K
H$` _q Jx J<_. (18,19)
''P<_ << x J*<~^H O~ L~_ èH K#. `~ "`
gH
_ i#. P Ò ` < = <H *#H~u k~z
## =H
*a` KO_. WH h= ## Zu_# " ~QuH
=, (J~^ q+~ Ug^ .) h= (< *uH K~k#) W ~ùx
H@xQ K H<= Jx =^#qK_ =. (20-22)
''O, #"^ O H =~@<=, Z=O O H =? Uq>
H^? J_Q_ O <. (23)
''h= q~K "_=` q#. P# =HH, >=^
L# = $+O H = J<_ =. (24)
''q~@<O (D#Qi q~`=@)? J<_ O< `# K@
L# =~n =O~`. (25)
''P# gH ", gH O~ Qu~z# g `` =``H
" J<_ = (26)
''(KO!) g ^QO H ~|_# D =H = Qix, K
= ùH =x+ Hx< _ J<_ O < ( ^ e L^t ~z).
''gO q[` q"K# HO` (q#~_), P# Ht=H, >
=^ L# =xH " J<_ =. (27,28)
410
(26. +J~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''(=! WH Ke~K.) h= ## ` =OH_ ^= ~Q J~wHi~K

=~> (*Q`!) x#H_ * _ =Q`#i ^QOH KO#
(`?) J<_ O < (PQ ~` ki) . (29)
''XH" <# h=~^ (< ^`xH xÔ#~Q) XH +=~#
== x î (#=`)? J_Q_ =. (30)
''(=~^) J^q> K h= ` =~`_=` J<_ O <. (31)
= (D=@ q#Q<) `# KuHO H~^ _" _. Jk XHiQ
x["# O ~Q =i~k. P`~` J`# `# Kux K~H> Jkq
|>H f_. Jk HH =~^ ^n=#~Q "eyy~k. (32,33)
O < `# K@ L# L#`kHOe L^t ~z ''W`# x[~Q Piì#
Q =~uH_. W`# `# =~`|~` q=e g O[~ #~_ "
Q>x q< _. W~> iu U~ K gO K ~_ J<_.
''J`_ , J`x Ô _ P, qq^ @}
H O[@
e ~~_. O
HHfi# =~uHe g^QO H KH=O J<O O. (3437)
^x HO~ XH OA xs` =# (Ô #= #~_) =Y
=~uHe e~K_~ [iy~k. P ~Ô ~ Q ''gO e H =< O?
J` =~uH Qe =#~ (=#) =~uH =`~< L~_=K.
(H ~> =#HH _ @Q` ~_=) Jx [#~ q$ `KO~ [iy~k.
=~uH O~Q~H ky, ''"= Qe =H=< |=#~
ÔH`~^? Jx J_QO O <x. (40,41)
''` H~_, JC_ gO = x` KiÒ J<_ O <.
''gO _"
^KH#^q> H~^ _"
~_J<_ =.
"~@< "O `= ^QO# `#, HO# <g^ _" ''O<
(k=) H` "" q[~ k~ J<O. (4244)
("i `, HO HxH@ =Q =i c`=~ $+~K.
JC_) = `# KuHO H~^ _"_. P HO XHiQ (~HO
O~Q =i) "i J`H## KH KH q~y" ~k. D
JÔ} == K =~uH~` J`~Q ~Q_O. P
`~` ''"= OH =x q~K~... =, O< =x
q~K~ J<O. (45-48)
O < (PQ ^Q_) ''Uq>, <# J#=u~KH =~^ gO =
=@ XCH<O? J` W`# ` H~_ gH =~`q^ <i# QO"
Y~P< "=$Ò
(26. +J~)
411
L~>_. J~^ Z~> ~^ ~ ^ . O Hx=~_, (< `_M Uq>)

WC_ gH è`~k. <# O O =uOH k L# g H K` e
#iH~z q=~^s LiH~|~ ZH# Jx J<_. (49)
''O^. "= Z@ = = ^QiH "e#". "=
J~îH~> =~^ q~K~. J~K` == = Hq_x
=H #=HO L~k J<O =~uH (O < ki~
_H ~_).
"= =H kq+$u Ô ''(XHOA) OuH O` < ê
fHx |Ô , q=e (O h) "~|_O Jx K=.
(D~Qu è) O < (xH gHO}
H~) O[@
e ez ''gO
Hk=~k =H PQ ~ ` ~KO. =#~ J#H}
~ J=`~ Q L~@#
^ |Q~ Jx K ~~K_. (50-56)
Dq^~ Q "= "ix `@, O, xH , J~^" # Q$
#~_ |>H f=. Wn i @ = =O# . WH Wb q+ xH
= "ix "= (J~> q"# ) == x>H O Q K=.
(FOA) L^ < O h "ix "~|_~K_xH |ÔO.
(XHK@) O~_H XH^xHH> Ò _ Q < = J#KO (
_
`) ''"qH @|_ ~ Jx H H >O . (5761)
''H^ (J [OQ^ ). <`@ < =<_. P# ` H~_
<H î K`_ J<_ =.
"=C_ =H kq+$u Ô ''h Ku HO` =^~ g^
F^| " Jx P^t~K=.
(Pq^~ Q = K Q<) =^~ XHiQ pe~k. pe# u
Q~ Z`
# H~_ ` O~k. P (peH =^ ) UO_# Mm
~
< "= O~_H x H_ ^QO Q fH=K~. Ò` "= =#,
J`x "~@## O~^s OH~ K~. qQìx =~z"~. (62-66)
D ~ @# Q K# L~k. Hx i K=~k q~K
O H^. h = Z~` H= ~`_ Jq` ^ =_. (67,68)
"iH W~ Q^ qx~K. J`# `# `~_x, `# *ux ''gO ^x
l< O? J#_Q_. ^xH O''"= qQ e l< ~. ZC _
g> PO^# < L~>~ J<O. (69-71)
''J` gO i # C_ Wq gO# e U"< PH ? H
Wq gH"< ~ Qx, #+~ Qx Hey ? =mJ_Q_ W~. ^xH
412
(26. +J~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
O ''^ , = ``=``
W K ~ > K~. J<O. (72-74)
''gO, O~ g ``=``
l~K D == q> ZC_<
Pz~KO? XH q= ` W=h <H `=. ## q=
$+~K_. P< <H (OA)=O~ K~K_. <H POh
H_ P< k< _. <# [|_` ` KH O_ H_ P<.
<H =O}~ Hey~K_, (O
H~) ## #sq~* _ H_ P
". P# fOk<# < Hq_x <# Pt<# J<_
W~. (75-82)
(P Ò` J`x i~K_:) '' ! <H q^ q"H k~K.
## [# KO . qÒ <H fi k~K. =Q`
x~_# OxH Oi *a` ## KO. (!) <`~_x
Hq ~K. P# î` L<_. =#= =m |uH~z | _ OA#
## #= K H. POA ~`#~, i~^
U=`~ L Q
_= . x++" # $^ ~` ^=x xkH =z#iH POA [#O
L~@~k. ^= cuO H O~ Ju KO =Q fHO|_`~k. (83-90)
(POA) î`#i =~^ #OH~ L~K|_`~k. JC_ =O
+ e (^= ^`) W J_QÒ: ''gO x[^=_ =ê POk~z# P
q^^ WC_ U"? Jq gH"< ~ K<?
x, `=#`"< H_H QQ`<? (92,93)
P `~ "` (^= ^`) P q^^ #, D + e , +`< J#KO
=H# J~^s XHig^ XHi _" #OH~ H `" O . (94,95)
JH_ "O~` O O~ >_ H~>O. O (`= q^^ `)
''^=x H! "= gH O H =~`> #qz iQ =O +

~. J ==b ` _î >~ KO. WH (==e Z=O
P^H~>O?) =H=~ OKO O! U }`_ H_
J___!! P! (""~` ÔQ~!!) =Hi ~KxH
uiy" J=H~ a "= (` H~_) q `= Jx J~>O.
W~^ Q K# L~k. Hx i K=~k q~K OH~ H^.
x~^ ~Q h = Z~` H= ~`_, O= ^ =_. (96104)
#*u [ ^= =H
# uO i~KO. iH iÔ _ #
K# `^ [H `K H. J`# i` W J<_: ''gO (^=xH)

_O ? <# gH~ =z# #=H _ # ^= =H# . H#H gO (<=@
qx) ^=xH
_~ _. <H q^
L~_~_. <h xH~ g #~_
Y~P< "=$Ò
(26. +J~)
413
Z~> u
~ Pt~K_~ ^ . <H u
qK ^ ` O H =
L~k. H#H gO WH<< ^=xH
_, <H q^
~_. (105-110)
^xH "O ''J^=, J`~`hK (h K@Ki) x# J#
" ? J<O. (111)
i< O.1 J~> hH "= q^
''"O K# #q> <H~ `! (P ~Qu <H=O~ ^
H_) i H`~ K_@~ < = ^ `. gO H q+ ~ JO~
K H~> Q~@~k. <# q~z#ix < ^QO ~z " Q@# . <#
(OH i}=e Qi~z) +~Q Ki~K_ =`" J<_
#. (112-115)
''#! (QO~KH.) hg "Yi =#HH` =`~ "= x#
O` H> K~`~ J<O "O (ki) . (116)
JC_ # '' ! < *u ## uO i~z~k. H#H <H, "iH
=^ uOQx fOK. ##, <`@# qe OH~K Jx
i~K_.
z=iH "= #x, xO_<= ~# J`x J#KOe
OH~ K=. Ò ` qye# O~^s (h>) =~z"=. (117-120)
W~^# QK# L~k. Hx i K=~k `x q~K
OH" H^. h = x[~Q Z~` H= ~`_. ^~`@ P# Jq`
^ =_ H_. (121,122)
P^*u [ H_ ^= =H
# uO i~KO. iH iÔ _
^ K# `^ *H~ `KH. J`# i` W J<_: ''gO
(^=xH)
_O ? <# gH~ =z# #=H _
# ^= =H# . H#H
gO (<=@ qx) ^=xH _~_. <H q^~~_. <h
xH~ g#~_ Z~> u~ Pt~K_~ ^. <H uqK
^ ` O H = L~k.
gO Z`
# u K\ xH=e# OH = #~ xi< Oq>?
WH_ `~Q L~_#@ ^^ "_ H_<O. gO Z=i<<
@H~> "i @ K HO~Q ==iO. (W>H<) ^=xH
_~_. <H q^ ~_. gOiy#=h gH k~z# ^=xH
_~ _. P# gH ~^, ~`#~, O, `@ (=Q~

Z<) kOK_. g q+~ <# XH Ok<# ZÔ
(#OH) `# Qi~z
_ `<#. (123-135)
1. q=OH 11:27, 18:28 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
414
(26. +J~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^xH O (_iQ =^#q) ''h= =H `^~ K<

K H < XH>. ("= h=@ #=~.) W=h O~ #~z =#
~Q` . = Z~> tH qOKH_^ Jx J<O. (136-138)
z=iH O J`_ uO i~KO. J~^= "= ix O <#~
KO. W~^ Q K# L~k. Hx i K=~k q~K OH~
H^. h = x~^ ~Q Z~` H= ~`_, Jq` ^ =_.
=^*u [ H_ ^==H# uOi~KO. i Ô_
e iH `^K W J<_: ''gO (^=xH) _O? <#
gH~ =z# #=H _ # ^= =H# . H#H gO ^=xH
_~ _. <H
q^
~_. <h xH~ g#~_ Z~> u
~ Pt~K_~ ^ . <H
u
qK ^ ` O H = L~k. (139-145)
D `@, H=, K >, ~_` x~_# D Z_i =<
=^ q=e Q ZH~ L~_x=_~ [OQ`~^x q< O?
JnQH gO H~_e `z |_ H~ ^ ^ H@_ xi< ~! H
^=xH _~_. <H q^` K~_. ^~ Z~> ~O}
(~H= ) HO K@
H ~_ ^
gi, J[_ OHu uiQ"iH
q^
` KH~ _. (146-152)
^xH "O (àO`) =^#q ''hH=O K`| _ KO. #=
H_ =~> =#==`_" ` =Og H^. h= `=~`_"`
J~^H U^< xÔ #~ K J<O. (153,154)
''J` WkQ D X~> L~k K_~_, (=~ìQ) XHOA W^H>
hO `Qe. =OH OA gO~` hO _H=K. Z> iu # gO
nx *eH H_^ . nx *eH ` =`~ gg^ XH î<#
~HO
=# L^=~ qOKH _ `~k J<_ e. (155,156)
Hx (H< Ò`) O X~> ^Qx H"O. z=iH O
(^Q K# K) `~ K~^QO. (^=) tH ix K@=>
(H}
) =@>~ k. W~^# Q K# L~k. Hx i K=~k
q~KxO L<O. x[~Q h= = H=~`_, Jq` ^
=_. (157-159)
`*u [ H_ ^= =H
# uO i~KO. "iH i Ô _
` K# `^ [H `KH. J`x J<_: ''gO (^=xH)
_O? <# gH~ =z# #=H_# ^==H#. J~^= gO
(<=@ qx) ^=xH
_~ _ <H q^
~_. <h xH~ g
Y~P< "=$Ò
(26. +J~)
415
#~_ Z~> u
~ Pt~K_~ ^ . <H u
qK ^ ` O H
= L~k. g = gH~ g O $+~ z#^x =ê, gO
=` $+` O+ ^Qi H " < O? (Z~`> Q K
@
!) gO

^g i O. (160-166)
''`! hg =@ =#HH` x# =@~ #~z "Q_~
J~@ "O ki~KO. ''gK+
<H O` > < ... ! ##, <
H@~| e gi Ô_`, Ô}
i#~_ H_ J<_ `.
z=iH "= `x, J`x H@~|e H_=. J`
"#H~_ #"i Ki# XH =$Ô ex =`~ =k=. P `~ "`
"= qye# O~^s O <#~ K=. "i g^ (
~HO" # O)
=O~ Hi~KO. Jk
@|_# "i qOKH_# =Ô} (t)
=$+. (167-173)
D L^~`~ QK# L~k. Hx "i K=~k q~K OH~
H^. U"< h = Q H ~ #_, JO ^ =_. (174,175)
'JH [ H_ ^= =H
# uO i~KO. "iH +S K#
`^ QOH `K H. J`# "i` WJ<_: ''gO (^=xH)
_O ?
<# gH~ =z# #=H _ # ^= =H# . H|> (<=@ qx) ^=xH
_~ _ <H q^
~_. <h xH~ g#~_ Z~> u
~
Pt~K_~ ^ . <H u
qK ^ ` O H = L~k. (176-180)
`xH, H` <~ >~K~_. Z=iH #+~ Hey~KH~_.
~~ # `` `z W=~_. [H <~Q O=# == `y~ z
W=H~_. ~ K~ JO , J[_ O ` uOQH ~ _.2 q=e, gH
O=~_# Òix $+~ z# ^=xH H
_~ _. (181-184)
^xH "O ''hH=O K`| _ KO. #= H_ =~> =#==`
_"Q x =Og H^. Q #> J|^HO=x "= q< ~ h"
Q#H ` =~`_"` PH `#H XH^x =g^ _"
~K J<O.
''gO K # (Jqhu)#q> < =H `J<_ +S.
(+S ^ "iH `HH ^ .) "O`_ uO i~KO. z=iH "i
KH$` L^=~3 =z_~ k. J^H cHO k <# (qOKH_# ) tH. D
2. q=OH 83:1-5 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
3. Q_Q PHO~ XH "~ i P=i~z `Ô ^=tH qOKH_
L~@~^x H~Ô +HO Ja_O .
416
(26. +J~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
L^~`~ H_ QK# L~k. Hx "i K=~k q~K [#~

H^. U"< h = Q H ~ #_, Jq` ^ =_. (185-191)
Wk OH= J=ì~*# (J^`)"}. nx fHx #=
H _ # ^= ^` +" # JOc+ h $^
H~ J=ì~* _,
h= (^=ê) Ki~K"i KO# L^~`. (UHÔ^#, =H
@ q^
`, O
H =# =~>) D q+ sH Q~^ H_
L<. (192-196)
nx Qi~z W ~ù Ô "`
H `# q+ ~ giH
(=HOH) Z~> K# H#O=_~ ^?4 "= nx J~ Ò x
J=ì~* , J`# nx Kkq qx~z< gO q~KO . (197-199)
Dq^~Q "= nx <O Q~_H Q#~ k~K`=.
(^~`) "O (Oz) =î`"# tH HO KH<^H nx
q~KO . "O U=O@ _ L#C_ P tH qOKH_` (^x
K# K
~`) ''WC_ =H" < J=H~ a ~ ^? J~>O.
=i gO =tH H~ Z~^H `~Ô _ < O? U"# >H "=
iH U~_` O | _ J=Hqz<, Ki~K|_`# P^ =`~ "ig^
`H~_ =z_`~k. JC_ ~zH~^ "iH Z LQ
_ `~k? (200-207)
[ ^QOH ^H# ~H~_, "O~_ U @}h "=
Z#_ <#~ K^.5 (^He ~H~_< J<~Q [#
tH~ K_xH) "= Ô# O = H=. (208,209)
nx K H (+`#) fHx J=ì~K^. Dx >H
`y#k H^. Dq^~Q Jq K= H_. Hh~ nx q#_xH H_
J=H~ H ~_ >x Ô~Q L~K_~ [iy~k. (210-212)
H#H ==^ (~ )! h= =`~ (UH O_# ) J # ` =O
^ h i~KH . J K=~> h= H_ tH~ K|_`=.6 (213)
h ^Qi |~^ =# (^= tH# Qi~z)
@.7 x# J#i#
4. q=OH 28:52,53 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
5. q=OH 17:16 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
6. DKiH ^= =H (~ )# L^t ~z#k H^. Wk ^=xH >He ~K ix
L^t~z OH~Q K# KiH. ^=xH > He~K_~ O"# <O~. W~>
<OxH ^= =H J~`> =H _<O =ê>k ^x DH +~ K~k.
7. `Ô ^[H =~^Q `= H@~|~ #~K ÔKO HO~
O~a~Kx DH ``~k. J~^= ^= =H (~ ) "@"
^@ `# ^Qi
Y~P< "=$Ò
(26. +J~)
417
q @ ^ O $^ ~` =H. J` "O Q#H hH Jq^

` ''gO K #H <# ^_ H#x KC "iH. =
H= ~`_, JO ^ = J# ^=_ =`" #=Hx L~_. h=
(À^ #=* H~) z ^==`#C_, #=A Ki =^
uOQ`#C_ P# x# K< L<_. P# =~ q<_,
Ziy#_. (214-220)
=#=O! K H Z=ix P= <# gH `<?
=~KH _, J|^HO J# u `_ Jq P=. qh q#x
Hx =@ "Ho i K= T^ _~ [OQ`~k. > J<H
q+ J` J=~>.8 (221-223)
|~^ =# FOA =" O z
W k~KO: ''J| =è ~ù [O!
(z<#) J! =H"#` ! ==^ HÒ u=! q=e gO
#OHy #~_ H_H< q+ ~ Qi~z Pz~K~_. H~> gH < P #~_
gO Hi#~` ^# ~ W=Q#. J~`Qx, <# q=e ^=x @ #~_ =`~
Uq^~ Q# H_# .
P Ò ` F~A L^< P# H~_tYO~ ZH ''YO+
O! H
a< J ~ùOO! =O`Q [#O! Y ~`#=! J =<
~ù [O! +~ =~
O! J|= è =~
O! Jx ZQu eKO.
Z=iH< ` O*=# `=O~ JH`Q ^_K =^~ Hx J`# "~@<
H~_H Dq^~ Q [<x ZQu _ . J`x qx [#~ #" #~_
O Q` H =O . Wk p# JO ~^~. D ~^~ HO~ ^= =H
(~ ) Wz# qx [ H~_ ^Qi H O Q` H KO.
JC_ ^= =H (~ ) W J<O: ''DH~_ "#H #~z F ^ #~ g
^_K
_xH ~zL~^x Ka` <=@ gO #=Ò? J#_QO. ^xH [#~
''Z~^H #=~? =H è#~`=OH h= ZC_ J|^= _ ^ J<O.
''J` <xC_ f="# ^= tH qOKH _H = ~^ q=e Ki< #.
q=e gO ^=x @#~_ H_H=_xH u~K~_. ^=x Ja=`xH =uO
H~Q <# gH Z~> ~ K #.
k<# ^= cuO =`" <H
|~^ ==Ò. WÒ ` O` =, gO ~zH "~ J< O~`
O=_~ [OQH _^ =! POA gO F ==^! Jx ( ~ HOH ) O .
Hx <# qkH g#~_ =Y~ uCH~>#. WH~ gO < OH ~|~nH
#~^# <xH_ gH Jxq^Q ~ K Q#. Hx O
H~ <# gH~
Ug K # Jx k~KO ^= =H (~ ). (|Mi, =~ )
8. nxH O~_O<. XH>, (l< *uH K~k#) K H
(PH~ ^=
^` KC H<) XH> O~_ =@ q#>H > J<H J` He `=
J#KOQ }
xH #i. O~_, J|^HO# *u+ D K H
#~_
418
(26. +J~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
WH H= q+ xH =, "i "#H =O +
, (=u q ~z#O)
=`" #_O . "O `= K x ">x Qi~z =>_ ` (^s`#
H~_) TH~ uOQ_x h= K_@~ ^? J` `x
q~z ^KO# H= =`~ J~>O H^.9 O ^=_
J`kH~ Q iO . `= Ô# ~ [iy` "O P "OH =`" |^
fOH~>O..... Ô#O `= Z~> O=#~ KqK_=
L~@~^ Ò< `H~>O. (224-227)

Hx =@ qx > `= " #~z J<H J` He [H K|Ò.
D q+ ~ Qi~z [` P (Ol) q, H~Ô =H
^= =H
(~ ) =~^ *u+ =# `z#C_ P# ''J^~` |@H~ J<O.
^xH" ''^= =H! Hx ~Ô O O# => K|ÒH^? J<O. JC_
^= =H (~ ) ''O# =@~> XHHC_ ` (l#) O# =@# fHx
ZQO` `= KO K= T^. P KO P=@H `= "
#~z J<H J` He XH H@H^ JÒ Jx KO. (|Mi)
9. WH_ O~_ OH H= =# =z~k. XH OH~ H= ^= cu, O
H
z~`#, ^ }
` ~|~^~ x Ô} H=. gO `= Hq`~ =i~K h`,
^#Ô , Ô # ~Q PKi~KO . JnQH P<> JO| Hq`~
+` H< Jj~, =^#~, *`~HO~, H Ôa= #~, J|^, J
x~^, =_q # Qi~z# =# ZH=Q L~_q.
J~^= ^= =H (~ ) W~> Hq`x J ~KH<O. J Hq`~
> P#H J~`Q JaO z L~_k H^. HH` JC_C _ P# |hM i
Hq`# K^= _xH u~KO. Hx >x Ò=O K Kk"O. P#
J#KO _ [` J||HO (Ol) qx, J H^ W K^ x Ka` ''J! <#
Hqx Q#. Hq`~ K _~ < xH^ J<O.
O~_= OH~ H=, `x q~z ^KO}
"Y i J=~a~z# H=. gO
`= Hq`~ K ~k ~Q PKiO ^ x J`kH~ Q iO . gi Hq`~
ZC _ hu x= L~>. XHi XH a (=H J#KO _) ^^ =~^
Hq` qx~KO. ^= =H (~ ) >x q~@, W~H KC , W~H KC Jx O=
~KO. Fi ` uOO# H~Ô H= `= Hq`>= ` W~, ^= =H
(~ ) ^ Z`# ^+KO ^_ O~a~KO. JC_ ^= =H (~ ) H_ =~
H=# # `> O~Q~H k~KO.
P# [` H a< =eH (O)x ` ''< }~ Z=i Jn#~ L~^
P H Ox H! i q+ ~ h Hq`~ HuH < Z~` ^ <# k J<O. JQ
P# [` < a< a` (O)x H_ ` '', # ZÔ. lc
(^`) hH `_Q L<_ J<O Fi. ^= =H (~ ) l^x Qi~z q
''q Hu` < QH, <>` (H~`) H_ O_`_x J<O.
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J=Ò}
: =H
(27. #=)
27. p= (#=)
419
H: 93
D J^x ''#= (p=) J~>O. Wk rHxH PO_~_H

O~ =H J=ì~z~k. W~^ O~_ ~Q<. "^>
~ Q~ q Q}, Jq ÔH }
<. nxH~ O <,
=^*u <H =$`~`, =< =H (J) j~ LÔ}
Q O#|_. O~_=^x H$ u Ô# O~@ Jq
OA=O~ " =|_O.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

`-<. Wq YOP< H
, q+ +` He# Q~^~ x q+ .
Wq q~K"iH <O~ K, O J~^* . P q O<
== <Q, (^ PiH H) [H` <O" O , O
H~ #=H=~K
(=~H) "~L
~>O.
O
Hx q~Kx"iH "= "i K+e =<O" # qQ K=.
J~^= "O î` uOQ`<O. "O O"# tHH QOO.
O
H~ J~îH< ZH= #+ O H_ "O.
==^ (~ )! D YOP< hH = q"H= ~`_, *#~#_#
H Ox #~_ a # k. W~^ Z~> ~^ ~ ^ . (16)
("iH H = =$`~`~ qx~K.) JC_ = `# H@~cH
` ''<H^ JH_ xC~> == Hx~k. L~_~_, <#H_Ho U^<
=KO~ fHx =# ^ KeHKH=_xH F xC Hiq<< fHx
=# J<_. (7)
J` = P ^xWH KOHQ< D q^~Q F J^$}
qx~z~k. ''D Jy L#"_ H O _, D Jy iO L#"_
H_ HO_. OH "# ^=_ i^_. =! <# ^=_
(=>_ `<#). <# =H ~#_#, J`~` q"H= ~`_. h KuHO
H~^ _"
.
= `# KuHO (H~^ _"_. Jk "~@<) = (=i)
"eH uiy=_~ K_Q< (_) OQ ~H~KH<_. "#H
uiQ< K_^ .
=! _H. <=~^ ^==H _O, `CK#O
`. `CK#"_ P `~` `C ik^Hx =~z # K~>
J~>_ <# Hq #. <# Z~` ^ =_. H h Kux hKH
H~^ K~H > f Jk Z~> ^ Hey~KH ~_ Ht |>H
420
(27. #=)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=~ k. Wq `qk K#x (O~_) K#.1 g>x fHx h= O <

^QOH, J`x*u [ ^QOH ". "O O=ÔO. (8-12)
(= O < ^Qi Ho D = î ~K_.) Hx i =~^H
+" # = K# =z< (= =`x Qi~K_xH |^) ''Wk
iQ =~`*~ J<O. i J~Ò` = == " "Q.
Hx "O =s J<~Q (JkHO) QO~` qOgQ` >x uO
i~KO. K_, D ÔO
H (P `~`) Z~> Ôu >~ ^! (13,14)
"= ^=^ , = <H k=*#~ k~K=. (J~^H) "O
H$À
) ''^=_ =H q# J<H= ~k ^H< ZH= B#`~,
PkH ` k~K_. P#H ""~` O}_ L<~ J<O. (15)
= <, ^=^ (J) H "O _ _. J`# [#~` =>_ `
''[O! = H + <OH<=. =H Jx q^ ==
=HO. W^~` iQ ^" #Q ~ J<_. (16)
= < (J) H~ =#=, `, H < =HO
|_. J=h iQ H=tH}
L~K|_`~_q. (XHi J`# i`
H }~K ) z=iH "O~` F p= H "t ~KO. JC_
XH p= (ix K) ''p=O! (`~ÔQ ) gO g @H Ô~_.
H~> =<, J`x xH `=H èH~_< =#e `H
#eO J#k. (17,18)
^x =@ qx = < zO#= #_. (Ò ` =@ H$`[`
=~`) ''! h= <H, < è^~_H K# "H <# ZC_
hH H$À}

L~@, hH #z# Ò PKi~K ## J^
@. ^ ` ## h }^ *a` KO Jx i~K_. (19)
=< (XHi) H uQ` gH ''Uq>, < =_~y
@ Hx~K_~ ^ ? ZH_H< ~^? Jk < ^QO H z O# HO}~
Ke. H ~> <# ^x Hi# ~Q tH # ^ H" # J<_. (20,21)
1. 'W ~ù J< (17=)J^~ ''"= = (J )H +~ Q
Hx~K `qk K# k~K= Jx L~k. 7= J^~ > q=O
O#|_. P q=O: (1) KuHO O ~Q =O_~ , (2) =~* K~H >f
Jk O_ ^n=#~Q "ey` Hx~K_~ , (3) ^~ x M` =~uHe
k [#~ =~^ F_~K_~ , (4) ^= =H (J ) K# KiH HO~ ^= ~`>
HO = O=_~, (5) `# O=_~, (6) q_`
^~_ =z _@
~, (7) "`~ ^#
O OQ _@
~, =#+H, =H _@
~, (8) H `#
O=_~, (9) hO~` OH= ==_~. (43:47 H ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(27. #=)
421
P Ò` H>H P H =z ''<# gH èx F q+~

Qi~z O `K#. (O[~) Qi~z #=H # =KO~ fHK#.
<#H_ F x K#. P P *uH O}Q i# K~k. P"H Jx
OH ~^, X#O k~K|_. P" ~#~ Z~` J^`~ Q
L~k. Hx P", P"*u [ ^=_ =ê O_ =~^ ~Q
_`<O Jx K~k.
+`< "i K+e "iH =<O" # qQ K, "ix OA=O~ #~_
` ~K_. J~^H O <O~ ~^H O. =Hx xQ_
O e `~ "eH fQ ^=xH ~Q_ @
~ ^ . P# O ~
Ziy#"_. gO ^K, |O` ~ K q+ h P#H `. P<
J . P# ` =O=O PO^# H JO HO. P# =#`
~<xH Jku . (q=[~ P# Jn#~< L~k.) (22-26)
''O. h= x[~ K H J|^=i "= WC_ H#H~>~.
< Y fHo "i=~^ _"
. Ò ` H H "o nx "i
u ~^# Uq> K_ J<_ = <. (27,28)
("O@< P @ Y fHo O} =~^ qi~k.) O} (^x
Kkq) W J#k: '' ^ O! <^QO H Ju=Y"# XH LÒ ~ qO
|_~k. Wk = < ^Q~ ~_ =z~k. HO }=_, H$QO _#
J O` O~a~K|_~k. W~^. '< @ uOQ@ "Y i J=~
a~KH ~_ `H}
" q^
O" <^QO H =K Jx L~k. (29-31)
P" (Y O~~ qx~KH) ''*<O! D q+ ~ <H
^< W=~_. U q+ ~# <# q=e ~k~KH ~_ xO
~
fH# J#k. ^xH "~ ''"= H= ~`~, Q =O ^ ~. U~
xO
~ fH gO Pz~z P*~ K~_ J<O. (32,33)
''OA U^~< O[~ *O|_` ^x O<#~ KO. P
O[~x QO=he O=~ KO. "O (=#e) WQ KO.
J~^= <# i ^QO H XH H#H ~#. ^xH =# Oi U~
=^#~ fH_ K^~ J#k O}. (34,35)
Oi = < ^QO H KO H<_. (P#H H#H =i~K_.)
JC_ =< (PQ~`) W J<_: ''gO <H i~^`
~ K^KH<O? ^=_ gHz# ^xH~> <H~` ZH=
k~K_. g H#H gH K. x# ~#"i ^QO H uiyo. "=
"iH |~_" # #~ fH~. "O> iu # nx Zki~KO .
422
(27. #=)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"= "ix JH_~z O=~ "Q_=. iH `KQ

L~_Ò. (36,37)
(Oi "o# Ò `) = < (`# JkHO# L^t ~z)
'' ^ O! "O ~y < ^QO H OH=~^ P ~<x <
^QO H g Z=O fHOQO? Jx J_Q_. (38)
^xH l# ( `) XH ^$_H _ z ''gO g#~ #~_
=H=~^ <# ^x g=~^ `z_#. <HH L~k. Q <#
#=H _ H_ J<_. J` (q+) Q~^* #~ Hey# XH`# J~^Hx
''gO H = ìK Q< <# ^x fH# J<_. J#_~ Uq>,
=OH}
" P ~#~ = < =~^ ` H= ~k.
= < ^x K ''Wk < = J#Q ~. <# H$`[` K`<
H Jq"Y
i` H$` _ `< Jx ## sH~ K_xH P# W
K_. Z=O< H$`[` K`<_~> Jk J`xH ^ H==`~k.
nxHa#~Q Z=O< H$`_` (Jk J`xH K@). < = xOH
O _2 ^h MÒ K x_, Q J#Q =i H_ J<_. (39,40)
P Ò` =< (`# JkHO`) ''P" ~<x fHo
"eQ P" =~^ @~_. (nx K) P" O# xO
xH =~ ^ H
=Oq #< _L
~@~^ K^~ J<_. O} =z# `~` ''h
~#~ WQ L~@~^? Jx J_Q_`# . ^xH" ''Wk JK~ JQ
L~k. "= =~^ (g H=O) `H<=. "= iQ
q^
O J#k. (41,42)
P" Jq*uH K~k# . J~K` P" x[^=_ =ê q^^ e
l~ _k. D J> P"# (`x q~KhH~_) xOk~z~k.
2. D q+ " YOP< =OK@ ==H (J ) <@ Dq^~ Q "
=_~k: ''gO `x uO i, (gOH^) ~ K~x =#=~` ` uOO
< O (^x= ^=x ^= `xH > #+" g ^ ), P# xOHO _,
` Q ~ h_. (14:8). Dq+ < ==H (~ ) W è*O:
^=_ K|`<_: ''< Ô! J<k #~_ J~`~ =OH gO =#=,
l# J~` J~îH~> ZH= ^= cuO _# =H $^ ~ J`, ^x=
< O[iHxH (^= `xH) XiQ^g ^ . < Ô! JQ J<k #~_ J~`~=OH
gO =#=, l#~` J~îH~> ZH= ÔO_ # =H $^ ~ =i`,
^x= < O[iHO (^= Ò) U=`~ @O^. < Ô! Wq gO K H#
HO . >x <# g HO `~ O#. P Ò` > HO~ gH i u
~
W#. H#H g Z=iH< " [iy` J`# ^=xH H$`[`
Ke~ KHe.
=O=iH< H_ [iy` J`# `#< x~k~KHe. (=~ )
Y~P< "=$Ò
(27. #=)
423
O[= "t ~K=x P"H K_. ( "t ~KQ<) P"H

JH_ XH h>H# L#@ Hx~z~k. J~^= P" J~^H ky
#_=_xH `# =~Q gk =G~ Hu @H ~k. JC_ = < ''Wk
QA` xi~z# ##> < J<_. ^~` P" (`x Q ~z) '' !
<# P`^xH _#. WC_ <# = <` @ O H =H
q^
Oe# (=O #~) # Jx Jiz~k. (43,44)
"= =^*u [ ^QOH i Ô_ ex ~=,
^=_ POk~K# ~^xz. (e `# ~^KO~ O~a~z#)
"~@< O O~_ =OQ pe O O~ i~KHQO. (45)
e (Ô KO~ K ) ''< *u[O! "# =ê gO H_
H~ Z~^H `~Ô_`<O? H=} H~ ^=_ Z~^H
"_ HO? (^=_ "_ H~>) P# q=e HO }~K=K H^? J<_.
^xH O ''h=, h J#KO = e@ ^H<Q Ò
O J<O. e ^xH =^#q ''g ^H< ^=x Ku
L<. gO
(^=x K`) sH~ K|_`<O J<_. (46,47)
P @}~ `qk=~k =O<H<O. O ^~
(ZC _) J[_ O `~>O. (=[)~O}H ~|~k~z XHh
KO. (XHOA) "O OO~ H_|H~@ W J<O: ''=#~
ex, J`x H@~| e F Ou" K~=x ^=x O` =
}~ K^~. P `~` J`x ~OHH x` 'J`x H@~| ` =~
"=H_ <
~ , "= x[" K|`<~ Jx J~Ô. (48,49)
Dq^~ Q "OH <Q~ <O. W@ "= H_ iH èH~_
F <Q~ <=. WH K_, "i <Q~ O =#~ U=~^. "=
ix, "i*ux =~Q `_z>=. O K# Ô<H
O =#~Q i W MmQ _L
<. qAH D L^~`~ Q
K# (x^~ #O) L~k. `x q~z
H
"Y
i J=~a~z#
ix "= OH~ K=. (50-53)
`x H_ (^==HQ xq~z ~# ~Qu QOH `KH.
P# `# *u[` W J<_: ''gO HO K< |O~Q~Q
D _x K<O? gO ~yH#~^~ H~ # =ê O+
"~@_O? gO
(Q`~ Z=O K x) |kx x K < O.
Hx J`x *u[ (J`_ ki) ''` H@~x =# @}
~
#~z |+i~K~_. gO (=# =^ ) O= q`Q L~_QO`<O
424
(27. #=)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Jx J<O. J~`H q~z "i ^QO =O~> =^#~ ^ . (5456)

z=iH "= J`_ , J`x H@~x OH~ K= J`x O# ` .
P" "#~_x "= =~^ xO
~K=. Ò ` "= i
(t) =O~ Hi~K=. Jk @|_#i qOKH_# =
Ô} =$+. (57,58)
==^ (~ )! W KC : ''H
q^ ~ ^=xH a.
P# Z#H# ^= ^H ~u HQQH! (59)
(x[ ^=_# ) J + _ H gO#H >He ~z# q^^
+"#? O, =He $+~z# HO_=O? gH~ PH~
#~_ =O~ Hi~z, `Ô gH ^ ~Hx =<O" # `@# ~_
#^=O? P ^=_QH (P#H _~^H) =OH ^=_=O<
L<_? (_ .) Hx gO <O~ =ê (ÔO~ _) `<O. (60)
qx x" Q~Q3 K~ ^=O? J~^ #ê ~* , (H~_)
"He u~^=O? ~ O_ [x^ =^ J_O Hx \O ^=~? J `
3. k Q , =
PO LQ , "k `HK H, H
k L`
H_# =# O==
XH qx =`" $+H O =#= H~ x Q~Q
xi~K_. q Z x Q=#^ Fi ije^~.
6000 _w e Li` LQ`` 5 " _"# Jy*` Q Q
=~_ Ox #~_ D =~_~ 9H@ 30H
" Hey# F xs`^ O~ L~k.
q DÔxH O>~ Ô~ L~>, f="# Ke = WH_# u== Q_H @

Hx `~k. r=Ox OH~ `~ Q_H @
Hx `~k. JQH xs` Ô~ Q~
Ô# L~> J`kH LQ` = "`~ r=O =_ =`.
O_ JÔ} H` =# qx xO~Ò~ `# " PHi < _. J^
=~ q H_ `# QO`HO}
H= qHO}
=~` Ox PHi~ K
|_H ~_ xs` HH < x|_ L~k. XH" q `# QO`HO}
Hx H`
"~@< Jk Q~@H 6000 " "Q~ ` Ox " O Q` ` Hx O< O
QxH J`H @~ J=`~k. JnQH q QO`HO}
H H=_~
= =#~, =# K@ L~_ qq^ == O^
H Zyi`.
=# q J~ìH~ x>OQ x|_ ^ . `# JH~ 23 _w H}~
XH" Xiy L~k. nx =< =#H O`= H=|^~ Q UO_`<. q W
Xiy L~_H ~_ x>OQ L~> =^ #~_ K PqO LÒ ^$ xH, ^H}
^$ xH "o`. `` e `~Q "`~ q =~K` H |_`~k.

D q xO~Ò~ Q~@H 1000 " "Q~ ` `# K@ `# uOQ`~k.
nx=< =#H Ou~|= UO_`<. XH" D = }"Q~ =~^" H `y `
Y~P< "=$Ò
(27. #=)
425
@ =O^= ~ L<_? _ . J i K=~k J*# L<O.

H L#_ "O@H ~@#C_ J`x "O PH~K^= O?
z=iH J`x H H_Ò`~^=O? H~ q=e uxkQ
K~ ^=O? J `@ =O ^= ~ H_ L<_ (D # K _xH)?
gO
(D q+ e Qi~z) K `H =Q zO . (61,62)
Ou~|= W>H~ > kO@ nO==`. ^~` "`~ =$H* u P nOQ >

LQ`H =_`~k. P `~` =K nOOu =~` Jk iQ `_KHx
`~k. JQ = } "Q~ xs` "Q~ H~> Z" ` Ou~|= K zxqQ
` O WH_ =#= =#Q_ H+ ^ ==`~k.
q ~ =O 7,900 ~k. i=}~ 1/4 =~`H `y K~^_
J~` z#^ ` ^x QO`HO}
H_ ` = # QO`HO}
PO=~`H `y
`~k. ^x= q Qe, hO LxH L~_^ . XH i=}~ Ox J~`
AH iy`, q 500 Z`= OH ~zL# QeO 4 H `y `~k.
^~` hO PqiQ =O_~ ^ ~H^. J~> =O Py r=O =#Q_ J^
==`~k. Q Qe _# ~ JkH kH |O=~_ rq 1500 HH OQ`~k.
=#~ i=}~ Q `y =, |Q < H= =~ k.
=~_~ #~_ K~^_ ^^ 2,50,000 Ô~ L~_ `# QO`
HO}
H` =^ OAH O~_O P@@ O=_xH HO}==`<_.
K~^_ q #~_ H Ô~ =` L~>, =^ =K P@@
f== HO>
J## Z`H Zy_ ` . ^x= =# q OAH O~_
O h> =xy ``~k. ^~` ^ ^ O ` `~ Jiy`.
Ox #~_ =_ H~uHO}
x q+ i` # J > HO}

<O Q q g^ _H ~_ `=O}~ 'F[< O J< F OH}
H=K~ L~k.
D OH}
H=K Q#H H ` J > (Ju h`) HO}
<O Q q
g^ _` . ^x= =#~ J<H OH KO ^ i# _= =~ k.
=# O==
x P_ , `HK H #~_ xO~Ò~ H>kL q
O`~>. g> OE ^^ O~_H@ L H~_H 25 #~z 50
Q~ ` `=O}~H t . J` Li`~ #~_ 500 Z`= OH
~zL# Qe `H_H Jq @==`. ZC_< =#= H#qC H~
XH>, O~_ L g^ Oe_` . XHi D L z#z# A
~Y O =O~ g^ _@
~ H_ [OQ`~k.
W r=OH x Q~Q K |_# D =~_x Qi~z Pz,
Jk $+H O H ~_ `#~`@ `< x Q~Q =i LxHH =z~^x ^ D
=HO~ $+H O ` @ WÒ H
H_ <x |n *<Q U =x+
q~K_ . n#~`>H =HOH _ UH O_# $+H O Jx q~z#C_, P $+H O H
H$`[` Q Px =` POk~Ke. (43:10 H ^ zH K_~_.)
426
(27. #=)
Y~P< "=$Ò
<g^, =^~ g^ H>H pH>

(`~ ) gH î K # ^=O?
Z=O `# HO}xH (J~> =OxH) =~^Q O `K (K>)
Q# ~ # k? J ` @ =O^= ~ H_ L<_ (D #
K _xH)? gO K # $+ [H J Z~` Jf`_, =#`_.
}# èiQ $l# k, Ò` >x #Où K # ^=O?
=H #~_ gH Lk k# ^=O? J ` @ =O ^= ~
H_ L<_ (D # K QeQ_)? ix J_Q ''g Ja~
x["` g>H (`y#) PÔq> K~_ Jx. (63,64)
KC :'' =H ^=xH ` =O=iH JQKO q+ è=.4
J iH `= ZC_ | _`" H_ è^. giH
O
HxH
~|~k~z# *#" ^ . JO^= ^x Qi~z gO J#=#~ _
=<O. P q+ ~ gO J~^ ~ O. (65,66)
Q D uOO U=~@<O K_: ''"=, = ``=``

(Kx) => H# Ò` =^ #~z ==e uiy
(|uH~z) @~ ^"<? W~> q+ =H qx~K|_
Q`~ = ``=``H qx~K|_. W=h "= O~ #~p
q~@ =# H> O} =`" Jx J~@<O. (67,68)
''H ~ K~ uiy K_~_, ÔO
H U~ Qu >~ ^! Jx KC .
=H! h= i Qi~z qKi~KH . i ^+ < QH ^ _ H . (69,70)
''h= Kk x["` Dki~ ZC_ <O" O `~k? Jx J_Q
`<O "O. ''gO U tHH ~ `~Ô _< O J~^ H~` Q~ gH
Ju KO =H =z~^" ! Jx KC iH. (71,72)
=#=@ h = Jq` ^ =. Hx K=~k (P#H)
H$`[` KO. "i $^ ^y L#^q>, O |>H =H~
4. JQKO q+ (J~> Jf~k *<xH ~|~k~z# q+ ) ^=xH
` =O=iH è^x D H
è* |_~k. J~> ^=_ =` Jf~k
*#~#_ (Pe=Q ) J#=@. ^= =H
H_ ^=_ Z~` OH Jf~k
*#~, JQKO q+ kq+$u (=) Ô è*_ J~ÒH iH
`. J~`=`# ^= =H
Jf~k *#x K _x W~ J~wHi~K^ .
=~ Q~^~ =H f=} [` P (Ol) W Ld < O:
''^==H (~)H O> OA ~q~K q+ `x Z=O< q, J`#
^=x g^ ^ JO_O " < _#=@. =` =H Jf~k *#~
^=xH =` L~^x ~Q ^=_ è* < _. (n~`@ 2:255, 6:59,
31:34, 72: 26-28 H
H_ K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(27. #=)
427
K # ^q> h =H Q `. =H L# O h
(P# ^QO ) XH +" # Q~^~ #"^ K |_ L<. (73-75)
D YOP< W ~ù [H "O O O~ qk # J<H
q+ H ~|~k~z# x*x*q> è*~k. q e@ Wk
=O^ O H Q~^~ , (^= )HO}~. (76,77)
x~^ ~Q h = `# P[` "i Qi~z H_ fO K_ .
P# = H ~ #_, O ~ Ziy#_. (78)
H#H ==^ (O )! ^=_ #=Hx P# g^< PÔ_ .
x~^~Q h= iQ `^~ L<=. h= =$`H (U
q+ O) qx~K= . "#E i |kO H_ h=@ qx~K= .
JQ J~^ H îK "ih =O + ` ~ #~_ H_= . = H

q~z q^
iH =`" h= h =@ qx~KQ
=. (79-81)
(~ Qi~z) ="Q#~ <~"O =~ P#=~#C_
"= i H~ q #~_ XH (q~`) [~`=x |>H f=. Jk
(^=x uxkQ) "i` =>_` ''[ = H q~KO
H^ J~@~k.5 (82)
u =[~ #~_ = H
uO i~z#i Q~<H ^x FOA
K@=\ Ò. `~` "ix ÒQ ` "iQ ql =. W J~Ô
=z# `~"` ''gO < He QiOz Jz~KH~_< ("~_Q)
uOi~KO? H~> =O~ K~_O? Jx t_ (^=_). "O
K# J<~ = tH Qi~z# (=)"Q#~ <O" O `~k. JC_ ~
<~ "^
~ . "= iH~ Oux q~u =~Q, Q\
x "O
=~Q K. nx O Q=x~K_O ^? q~KiH W~^
Z< K#<. (8386)
5.
H K# Wk H_ XH>. ~ K~ ZH=`.
}` ^^ J~ì~zÒ. [ =~p K_ qKH}
*#~ #t~ k.
JC_ ^=_ D q~` [~`=x ~_ . Jk [` =>_ ` ''
k#~
(O
H~) Qi~z# ^=x H
gO #"O H^Q! WC_ K_~_, Jk Ju
"Q~ Q =~KH~k Jx J~@~k.
J| MÔ =k (O ) Qi M#~ HO~
xH =~^
=Hx H~_ ye J~^ #~z XH q~`[~`= "=_`~k. Jk [`
=>_ `,
~ ^QO H =z~^x K|`~k. Jk [ x[# q=O,
Jqx ^z# Q>
"+^ O=O z~ k.
428
(28. Y)
Y~P< "=$Ò
POA (
) ~MO=~` =Hx = r=O ki
`. J~` ^=_ H_^
KH# "O U=`~ ki~. (`~`)
J~Ô q#= P# xk [O=Ò. DOA h= O `#
K ^$_~ Q `H L<x q< =. Hx P =~ Wq
" ZQO`~>. Wk ^=x =`. P# u== h `y#q^~ Q
>+ i K_. gO K # ## Qi~z P#H Q `. (87,88)
}HO fHz#"iH J~`H< =~z u~ a~k.
J~> "O POA ~q~K c`~ #~_ OH`~Q L~>O.
HO f =z#"ix =Ò O _" #OHy qO_~
[OQ`~k. KH#iH KH#~`. J~`H~> gO =O u~
Pt~KQ
O? (89,90)
=H! "iH KC :''<h #QO =< POk~Kx < P[~k.
P# D #QOx (Z~> OH `~ [OQx =H~_) x+^ ~`~Q K_.
($+x) u == P#^. <# (q=H) q^} (=O
#~) L~@, D YOP<x ([H) qx~Kx P[~k.
H#H Z=O< <O~ J=~a, J`# `# HOH J=~
a_. î`#"i` h= Ki~K"_q =`"#x KC. ''=
~ ^=xH a. Ò< P# gH `# K# K`_.
gO >x QiO Jx _ KC. g HO @ ^=_ U=Ò
J*Q`Q _ . (91-93)
J=Ò}
: =H
28. Q^ (Y)
H: 88
D J^x ''Y (Q^) J~>O. Wk H_ r HO~xH

PO_ ~=Ò O~ =H J=ì~z~k. W~^ Jq J#
=<, J~ÒH =^#~ W=|_~k. nxH~ = =H (J)
Q^ LÔ}Q O#|_~k. P `~"` Jq ùOO"Yix
q=i~K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

`-<-g". Wq q++` Hey# Q~^xH K~k# H.
q~z# "i [#~ H~ "qC_ =, O <H ~|~k~z#
"= u Q` Hx~>x hH qx~K`<~. (1-3)
x~^ ~Q O < Ô }

ù J~HO~` qOgQ`<_. J`#
`# ^ Oe (qa#)=OQ ql ~K_. "> XH =Ox JuhK~Q
K< _. P =O~ P_

# =`" rq~zL~_ =ê, =Q

#
`=O `<_. Dq^~ Q J`# O= ÔO_ _. (4)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(28. Y)
429
H#H ~ K~ J}z" |_# D (ô`) [<x HxHi~Kx "=

xO~KH<O. "iH (~K) <H`~ k~z, "ix (qH)
"O Q K x ~He~KO. "iH ~ K~ <kHO~ Wx
q~KO. J~`HH~_ "iÔ =O" O <, =<H, "i <H
"O
_ `#^xx Kx H_ "= x~K=. (5,6)
"= = èH kq+$u Ô W z~KO: ''h= =H
`y L~_. J`x }xH =C > K# Hx J`_
#k =ê@. #"g
_H , kQ_H . P Ò ` "=`_
uiy h ^Qi H KO `=. J`_ "= ^= =HQ K=. (7)
z=iH O < H@~cH J`_ (#k #~_) fH<O, J`#
`=H qOkQ, ^Y^xQ Hx! O <, =<, "i J#
x[~Q (D q+ ~) K O|_O . O <` J`x O W J#k:
''D _ =# H~>K
=. W`_ K~H~ _. W`_ =#H [#Hi
H=K ^ =#~ W`_ H_HQ<< KH~^~. (nx O=#~
Uq>) "iH è^. (8,9)
J@ = =`$=i $^ ~ `_ e y~k. "="H Ô ~
Hey~KH`, P" DOx |@| K=~_k. P" q
KO# L^ ~` W K=. P" _ JH` ''h= W`x "#HQ
#_z" Jx K~k. P eH `## Qi~z (`=H) Z~>
J#=#~ OH~_ Ô~ #~z J`_ Q=x #_z~k. (10,11)
"= =~^Q< _H > e~_# x+k~K=.
(J~^= _ U ^QO H _ `Q_xH ^~ H^ .) JC_
PeH i` ''D _ +}O~ =~KO=O, iH _ <# gH
`<? O |x Z~` *Q`Q KH~>O H_ Jx J#k. (12)
Dq^~ Q "= =# uiy J`x è ^QO H KO=, P" H
K|_x, kQ_H_^x. JnQH ^=x "Q#~ x["# "Q#=x
P" `Hx H_ "q K=. Hx K=~kH Dq+~
è^. = =#^H Ki iO qH~ K~k# `~` "=`xH
*#~, q"H~ k~K=. W "= ` O+H (`y#) |=#~
k=. (13,14)
(FOA)#Q O U=O @ L# C _ = #Q O ~
"t~K_. J`# XHK@ WÔ >_H=_~ K_. i XH_
`#*uH K~k#_. O~_"_ J`x qOk*uH K~k#_. =*uH
430
(28. Y)
Y~P< "=$Ò
K~k#_ qOk *u_H =uOH~Q `#H ~ K=~kQ

=# eK_.
JC_ = =z XH _Q ^` J`_ H_` O _. (D Oì}
=xH) = (H~QO_ `) ''Wk +`<KO . +`< (=#=H) |^
qOk _î >~ K O= ÔO_ J<_. P `~` '' ! <# <
P`H J<~ K H<#. ## Hq ~K Jx "_ H<_. ^=_ J`_
Hq ~K_. x[~Q P# Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (15,16)
P Ò ` = '' ! h= <H~` " K=. WH=~^ ZC_
<# <O
H _# 1 Jx u[ K_. (17)
=O<_ L^~ = _`, =^K# Q_
#QO~ "t ~K_. JH`Q XHK@ x# `## ~ H~ ez#
_ DOA H_ `## Hx~K_. JC_ = J`x` ''h=
^ ÔO_ ([Q_=iQ) Hx<"! J<_. (18)
P Ò ` = `# qOk *uH K~k# "_ ^_ K _.
~@< ~O_"_ QQ_` ''= x# h= XH =x+x K~=.
JQ DOA ## K~_xH ^= ? #g ^~ HO_Q L~_
êK? ~O} HO K _~ W+~ ^? Jx J_Q_. (19)
H>H #QO~ JQ Q~ #~_ XH =H O Q` H ~@ =z ''=!
L#`kHO x# K~ q+=~ KO [O`<O. #=
1. DH HO~ q Ô# O _H Z~> ~ K H_^x Ô
`
xO
~KO. =Y ` [` J` a< O (O )` XH`# =>_ `
''<Ô _ |hL= `~ H Q=OOH HOîQ xK < _. [
==O i+i~K ^ ` ^ Qx, i+$` ==O# J`# H~` O_ .
D L^Q~ K H` J`xH @Q_ = ^ J<_. ^xH [` J` DH< i~ z
''hÔ _H H~ O =x KC . POqK_ ^=_<_ Jx KO.
Yb J|O < XHi |MO@~ JkHOH r`~} H~ [H
J< =Hx xq~KE_. Hx [H P ^ ` Hi~K_xH xOHi~K_. Jk
è J`x ` PO`, W~^ `=~n? J#_QO. ^xH [H ''<#
Ô# O `> U x# Hi~K^
KH^ J<_. (~=x)
Yb =#O ^QO < a< HY J< <ku L~__. W= J|
h (O ) J`xH JC_C _ =#O Ô# # Qi~z KO. ^~`
< z=iH `# ÔO
, Ô# O #_~ K `~ [# Z~> HH
#~ J~Hi~KH _^x `~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(28. Y)
431
(`~ÔQ Z@<) i. <# h a+x, K|`< J<_. (20)

D ~ Q u q#Q< = _ #Q O ~ #~z " e Q
*OH<_. JC_`# ''! ## ÔO i#~_ H_Jx
i~K_. (21)
= (Dl #~z |î) =^< î >_ . P =~
''< = ## O# î #__x Pt<# J<_`#. (22)
Pq^~ Q J`# =^< ~`~x XH q ^QO H KO H<_. JH_
J<H= ~k `= =H h `y Hx~KO. "iH H~K~ Z_~Q
WÔ
`= =e PHx (h>H~ xsH ) x|_ L<O.
= P
# L^t ~z ''g ^q >? Jx J_Q_. ^xH O
''D HO `= =e `H #~` =OH "= = =H h
`y~K~ . = <#QO K =eO O J<O. (23)
D OQu qx = P
=H h `y~K_. P `~ "`
F K@ h_@
# HOx '' ! h= < Z~> ~< Jk
<H~` J=O~ J<_. (24)
H>H PWÔ
XH" Q _ ` #_z J`x =^H =z~k.
P" J`x` ''= <#QO q=e < O. gO = =H hO
`y~z K# "H J# gH u
~ W=_xH < Ox J#k.
= P =$^x ^Qi Ho `# Q^~ ` q=i~K_. Jk qx J`#
''
_H . WC_ h ÔO
i#~_ |@_= J<_. (25)
P WÔ
XH" `# `~_` ''<<! W`_ =#~ =HxQ
@H ~^~. |e+_ , x*fO _# "_ =#H =~z =H_ (HQQ
`_) Jx J#k. (26)
P" `~_ (=`) W J<_: ''<# < H=Oe î XH"#
hHz o K#H~@<#. J` h= <^QO Zxq^~_ @
=HxQ xK e. ^~ _ K (W~H =~zk.) Jk h W+~ . <# hg^
=u_ K ^KH^ . ^=_ è h= ## =~z"_Q K=. (27)
^xH = W J<_: ''D ==O~ gH, <H =^ [iy~k.
DO~_ Q_ = U^ XH^x <# i K#. P `~` <g^ =O~>
O~ " H_^ . =#~ K H~@# D X~^xH ^=_ H. (28)
xs`H~ =y# `~` = `# H@~x fHx |
Ô_. î ÒH~_ "#~_ J`xH XH Jy (=~@) Hx~z~k.
432
(28. Y)
Y~P< "=$Ò
JC_`# `# Q$
` ''PQ~_, <H^ xC Hx~k. <# "o U^<
=KO~ fH# ^ gO KeHKH=_xH F xC Hiq#<
fH# J<_. (29)
= JH_H KOHQ< H_"# q` ~x F K@
#~_ ''=! << ^=_. OH =x J~@ F (J^$)}
qx~z~k. (30)
P `~ "` ''h KuHO H~^_
Jx ^=_ P*~ K_. (=
`# KuHO <g^ _" _.) P HO = "eH uOQ` H_~
"^>
~ k. ^x K_Q< J`# (
_) O Q ~H~KH<_. "#H
uiQ< K_^ .
''=!
_H , =K. hH~> =^~ L~_^ . h Kux H
KH H~^ K~H > f. Jk hH@=~> ^ He~ KH ~_ Ht
|>H =~ k.
~ Q@H=_xH h (H_) *O H J^=H. Wq
O~_ O<, J`x ^ =~^ î~K_xH h = Ò#
W=|_# ==. "O K ÔO
O J<_ ^=_. (31,32)
JC_ = W J<_: ''! <# i =x+ <H_ K~
L<#. J~^= O ## K~O" #x
_ `<#. < Ô _
O< =~zH>= Q_. J`_ <H HiQ xq~K. J`#
## =i_. "O ## uOi~"#x ~Q L~k. (33,34)
^xH ^=_ W J<_: ''"= h Ô x Ô hH |~ KH O
`=. g Wî H q+ H k=. nx= O q=g K O .
= == H` gO, q=e J#i~KO q[~ kO . (35)
P Ò"` = === fHx i ^QOH "_. Hx
O (g\x K) ''W^~` J`_ He~KH# =~`*~ ` =Og
H^. D=@ "= = ``=``
H~ ZC_ q#^ J<O.
''< = ^QO~_ `^~ `z# =x+x Qi~z P =H
Q `. J~u= O=#~ Z=ik =~z^=`~^ H_ P#H
`. U"< ÔO =`~ Z#>H ~ HO J<_ =.
''Ô! gH <# ` =OH ^=_#@ <<OQ#. =<!
H W@H He XH Z`# H@_~ H>~K. <# ^x ZH =
^=_ (ZH_< ) L<_" K#.2 <# =`~ = J|Ô_x
2. q> O G"`
èiQ =x+x J~ìH <H Ô O^
H
~ q[~ k~z#C_, P Ô J^H_ H$ H_ ^=_ Qi~z WQ
Y~P< "=$Ò
(28. Y)
433
q< J<_ O < ("@HO~Q). (3638)

O <, J`x xH=H ^g i# JkHO QO ~` qOgyO.
O = ^QiH Z#_ uiyO=_~ [OQ^x q~KO. z=iH "=
J`_ , J`x <# @Hx =^~ qi_ O. H#H ÔO
H
Z~> Qu >~ ^ H K_~_. (39,40)
"= ÔOe #OH~ " eK <HQ K~. k<#
iH Z~> ~ a~K^. ix "g ~K~ QQ
KO. WH
k<#` O Ô}"# û zHH~>O. (41,42)
` Ò# <#~ K# Ò ` "= =H (Ò`) Q~^~
k~K=. [ Q}O~ <O H=_xH "= ^x `kxQ, =O
îxQ, HO}^xQ K=. (43)
=H! "= =H D (Ò`) P[ k# =~ h=
(ÒO `~) t=Q# =. Q h= (P ^$O K#) H H_
=. D~ @# Ò` "= J<H Ò# =. >=^ Z~`H~
Q_z
~k. JnQH h= =^< H =H
qx~K_xH P<_ h=
i ^QO =. (P<> q) "" hH è* < =. (44,45)
"= (=# "^> i) ez#C_ h= Ò (HO_) g~
=. J< (D =KO~ hH J~^*|_`#^~>) Wk h =
J#Q ~. hH O~ gi ^QO H Ki~KO Z=~ O#~^= $
H =O" #x h= gix Ki~K~^H "q KO. W K H`
i i (^+)HO HO}~Q U^< P^ =z_` '' ! = ^QO H
XH =H# Z~^H ~^ ? ~=~> "= h H
>~z q
Ki~ H^! Jx O J#=K. (D PO}H PO~ W=
H_^< "= x# gi ^QO H =HQ xq~z ~=). (46,47)
J` = ^QO ~_ i ^QO H ` ~ =z# Ò ` ''=H W=
|_#" (==) W`xH~^H W=|_^? Jx KQO. W~`H
O~ =H W=|_#>x gO uO i~K^ ? O (YOP<, Ò`
# Qi~z) D O~_ O O~ =i~KH< =~`* (` =Og
H=) J<O. J~`H^, "= U =H# #=~ Jx H_ J<O. (48)
J<_. ''"= PH=~` uiy KO. =H ^=_ ZH_ Hx~K ^! J<_
^=x+. nx|> ^=x q+~ =_" ~=ÒH O~ =O+
=#`~ Z L~_^ <QiH~, J^^~ Jx KCH< <> =H
=#` ~ H_ J^q^~ Q L~^x `~k. q[` q"K# q_<_#C_ <QiH`
Z~` iy< =#` ~ =O^ H^! (40:36, 37 H
H_ K_~_.)
434
(28. Y)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''g Ja~ x["` ^=x ^Q~ ~_ D O~_>H < "~Q # =O~

K =O^< Q~^~ L~> fHO~_, <# ^x J#i# Jx KC .
D # Q#H ZÔH`, gO `= =<~KH x
Ox `H. ^=x =O^ O H` ~ H ~_ =<~K
H x
# _ H ~ > q~z# =O + _ =O = _ HQ _ ? J~>
ÔO
H ^=_ Z#>H =O~ K_ . O U=O@ #~_ $H
O=_xH "= J<H O q+ x iH J~^* =. (4951)
O~ "= Q~^~ Wz#O DQ~^h q < O. nx qx~z
#C_ ''"= nx q < ~. x[~Q Wk = = #~_ =z# ` ~.3
"= O~ #~_ q^
(== ) 4 L<~ J~>O O. (52,53)
3. =h ==^ (~) ^==HQ q~KO# O JaxH
="o # =~ Ô Jax K=~kH è~k. JC_ JH_~z WO"
=~k H = ~_` q=O `H=_xH =H =KO. JH_ HQ$~
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P H
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q~ =H O z
W~ Hi~KO. Ò ` O JH_~z "oO.
J` YO+ <H_ J|[, J`x KO H~Ô î ix
HHx `<_O. ''ÔQ O! g =`
q=e D =x+ u Q` q>
`Hx O=x ~, gO W`x ^QO H HO<O ^ g ``=``
=`~ =ê W`_ qO? g~> |k#e "q~`=OH K_^ Jx

J<O. ^xH O ''Ô O! gH ~. "= g` k~K= . Ô~ è
H_ "= Q# =^H=. ==e = û g^ #_=x=~_. gO
g û HO~ #_ L~_~_. (O` W )
(28:54,55 H
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4. W~ J~u= ^= =H ==^ (~ ) H~ #~_ =`" =z# Ô ~
H^. WÒ =H
k~z# Ô ~ H_ W" . ix q~z#ix H_ =O
< J~>O. Pk=#=_ P^~ (J ) #~_ =# Ô ~ H_ W^. nx |> W~
J`~` <`# Ô =x `~k. YOP<x D H~k H
K_~_:
[` # (J ) H 10:72 [` W~ (J ), P# ~`#~
Qi~z 2:131-133, 2:128 [` ` (J ) Qi~z 51:36 [` (J )
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= < ^QO O} H 27:44 [` D (J ) J#KO H
5:111 "^# H
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(28. Y)
435
(`~) O~Q L#~^H iH O>~ u~ W=|_`~k.

O Ò Ô K_# Ô~ KO. "= k~z# ~^
#~_ (= =O~ #) YOKO . U^< xH=e# q+ ~ q~> O
(^#HkQH) ''gHO gH, =HO =H. gH ^~_~. "= =O
"Y
i J=~a~K= J~@ JH_~z `C H~>O. (54,55)
=H! h= Hi#_H <O~ K= . ^=_ =`" `# Hi#
_H <O~ K`_. <O~ J=~a~KO=O P#H Q`.
"O (`x xOHi) ''"= Q#H h`@ D `^# J=~a
(D <g^ =H @Q` ~_=.) ==e =^~ #~_ ì"O Jx
J~>O. "= ~ux"# u~ (iO) x=~K~^H
iH K@ He~K^? JH_H =" #~_ iH LkQ OHOH
= =y KO_ ~ ^? Hx i K=~kH (= ~) è^. (56,57)
"= Z< [#^# <#~ K=. JH_ [ `= PiH Qu
KHx qOgy `~_O. H#H K_ (tk=
L#) "i W~_# .
"i `~ "` P W~_
|Hk=~k =`" x=~KO. z=iH ""
>H O =. (58)
=H
qx~K XH =H# H~^ [#^xH (=HH) ~#~`
=OH = ^x K@H ~_ U [#^h <#~ K =. JQ "=
U [#^# H_ JH_ [ ÔO
H#~`=OH <#~ KO~
H=. (59)
gH W=|_#^~` H=~ ~zH r=# ~^, H}
H # ^x ` H
H =`" . ^=x ^QO (O
H~) L#k W~`H~ > Z~` +" # k,
`" # k. gO |k # y~z Pz~KO? (60)
"= XH =HH =~zH ~|~k~z Q#~ K~. Jk J`xH a~K
J=H~ L~k. =OH =HH "= (H}
~ QO" # ) ~zH r=# =y
=`" WKO. `~` J`_
k<# tHH ~ = =~^ " @_~
[OQ`~k. D WÔ =#==Ò? POA ^=_ "ix ez ''g T
[x`# <Q= WC_ Z@O? Jx t_ . (61,62)
(#OH tHH ~|~k~z#) =@ Z=iH =i~^ i J~>O:
''! "= =O+Q K# "O gO. "= (= =<~KH
x) Z =O +
" JQ gix H_ =O +
Q KO.5
5. =#=, l#x ^+< H `=J#KO e Qi~z ^=x xk
W J~>O. gix #=Hx, ^= =H
K# OA=O~ =ê `C _ =O
436
(28. Y)
Y~P< "=$Ò
x*xH gO ==e POk~K^. (gO ~Q `= =<~KH

x O.) H#H "i =O + ` H "= ^ ~ H=x q#q~K
H~@<~. (63)
JC_ "= ''WH gO He~KH# =O
# (q^^ #)
KH~_ J~>=. "O (`=`= W+^ = `#) KH~>O. Hx
iH Jq Z~> =^#~ W==. z=iH O (#OH) `# K
H~>O. O <O~ J=~a~zL~> Z~` Q~_k! (64)
^=_ "ix ez ''"= ~# =H
H gO~ =^#qKO?
Jx J_Q`_. (P =~ H_ gO QO~ KHe.) JC_ "iH U~
=^#q" Ug `K^ . "O XHOHO ~k~KHO H_. J`
K# `CH DOA `~ K~^`, `x q~z ~~
PKiOK"O =`~ OH _ "H~ ~^"i L~>O. (65-67)
h = `KH#^x $l_ . `# Hi# =Hx (=HQ ) Z~K
H~>_. D Z~H gO K =# xH^. iH JkHO~ ^ . "O
K # |^ O^# H ^=_ Z~` Jf`_, L#`_, O= q`_.
"O `= $^ U~ ^KO, |>H U~ e|K`<O J~`
h =H `. P< J . P# ` =O PO^ _ _ . W~
#, O~ # H
q^ ~ , ` P#H a. P#H
(q)<kHO~ L~k. gO~` P# ^Qi H =Oe =L~k.
==^ ()! "ix W J_Q: ''^=_
~ ^H Oux g
P=i~* L~z`, P# ` =~ ^=_ gH Q>
"O W=Q_?
gO q#O? W~H J_Q: ''JQ ^=_
~ ^H g Q>
"ix
`~Q L~z`, P# ` =O ^=_ gO q~u ~^_xH Oux
`_ ? nx Qi~z gOC _< Pz~KO? (6871)
(D J^` O~|= KH=}~) gH Hx~K_~ ^? gO
q~u ~^_xH, g = J#Q ~ J<+~K_xH P# gH~
Ou~|=# $+~K_, gO H$`[` KÒ"#x. W^~` P#
J#Q ". (72,73)
J=~a~K_~ = O
H~ > ^+O=<x KqK_= =~ ^x DH

^=_ Ki< _. J~> ^+< HH q^
i J_Q*_ #_K
H=_~ H_ PO^# H~kH =~ k. J` D PO^# #OHxH Qx O #
~. ^= =H
^=x P[# =` PKi, >x [H kO Q#H iH
q^
i J_Q*_ #_K H=_~ ix POk~K_~ H~kH O^.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(28. Y)
437
^=_ "ix ez g T[x`# < Q U=O?

Jx J_Q OA (Qi~z QO~ KHe.) "= u J#KO =^~
#~_ XH Hx `z ''g (q^Ô^#H) =}q> fHO~_
Jx "ix xn=. JC_ "iH è~ k ` ~ ^=x " #^x. "i
J`, J `H
#h H#=OQ `. (74,75)
MO< J<_ =*uH K~k# =H. J` J`# `# *uH
=uO H~Q ==i q^Q =O_. "=`xH JO i~^
,
xH k~K=. >H ~|~k~z# ` K=e |e+
# H~Ô
=H
=~ JuH+~ g^ H` QQ`~k.
Fi J`x *u[ J`xH `^ ~ KO: ''q_ _ H . q_
_" ix ^=_ q~K_ . ^=_ hH k~z# SO~` O
HQ$ ~
xi~KH=_xH u~K. ~ K~ #~_ H_ h Qx (O
HxH
fH _~) =OzH. ^=_ hH " K# @ h= H_ ([H) "
K. Ô }

H, $+~ KH . ^=_ HHOe q~K_ . (76,77)
D =@ qx J`_ (=i~` h` ) ''W^~` <H <*#~, èq
`@= a~z~k J<_. ^=_ O~ W`xH~> ZH= H =O,
=~n=O~ Hix <#~ K_. D ~Qu J`xH è^? `
# i # Qi~z J_Q@
~ [OQ^ (x*x XCHO Q#H). (78)
FOA J`# i sq, Ô` `# *u [ =~^H =K_.
JC_ ~zH "O H~Ô J`_ K ''MO<H a~z#
i~^
=#H a~z=~> =~_! MO< Z~` J^$+= ~`_
J<O. J` (^q H)*#~ HO (i PK<Ô}x q=i) ''g
"Y
i K qKOHO ~ . q~z Ò KiH ^=x (^QO #) u
~ Z~` +" # k. #~ =~K"iH D=Q~ a ~ k J<O.

z=iH "= MO<x, J`x W~>x (O`Q) qH kQ|_
K=. JC_ ^=xH =uOH~ Q J`_ P^H< O=O H
O. J`# H_ `##`# H_HH _. (7981)
x#>OA J`x ^J~`
K J~>q `=H H_ Hx
HOH#O WC_ qKO~ "e|K` W J<O: ''=#~ XH q+ ~
=OzO. ^=_ Z=iH +~Q Lk W=^KH~>_ iH
=`" +~Q a ~ k. P# =O=iH iq`~Q Lk Wx
q_ iH iq`~Q< a ~ k. ^=_ =#e J#Q ~z L~_H `
P# =#e H_ qH J}Q^H"_. J! Jq
~
K~Ô# ~Qu (JC_) =#H H~K~ H_ QOH O^! (82)
438
(29. J#|`)
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~ K~ JkH H"#Hx H~ OHu ~ KQOx "iH =`"

"= OH (O)^=~ H>~. ^=cuO Z~` =~z O=
#~ J#q O . =~z`#~ fHKiH J~`H~ > ZH==~z [OQ
`~k. K_ `K iH "O K# K_ # "OH u
~ a ~ k.
=H! h D YOP<x J=ì~* # ^=_ x# ` H~_ J`~`
+" # <xH KO `_. ''Z=O <OQ q J=K_, Z=O +" #
ÔO~ _= <_ < =H Q ` Jx iH KC . (8385)
h (^= ) Q~^~ J=ì~ ^x h= U<_ Pt~z L~_^ . Wk h
= J#Q ~ =`" . H#H h= ` uOOH HxQ =OH .
h ^=x H
J=ì~z#C_ ` uOO x# ">H Ô~Q
L~K_=#k Z#>H ~q~KH_^ =! h= ([#) h =
(~^~ ) " L~_. J~`Qx, |^ O^H KiH. J
` =O ^ h i~KH . P# ` =O PO^ ^= ~ _ . J J` ~
` u== #t~z^. P#H (uK>) <kHO~ L~k.
gO~` (=O}#~Ò~ ) P# xkH =Oe= L~k. (86-88)
29. O Q (J#|`)
J=Ò} : =H
H: 69
D J^x ''J#|` ( OQ) J~>O. Wk r HO~xH

O~_ =_ H`~ =H J=ì~z~k. W~^ ùOO~ = Z^
O ^+i}=# Qi~z Jqe Ki, ^=x UH` ~, O
H
=# Qi~z `|^~Q iH k~K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Je--g". [ H=~ `= q~K~ Jx eH#~`
=`# `=# =ê@_~ [OQ`~^x q<O? `=# J
sH~ K_~ [OQ^ x `< O? "iH O~ Qu~z#ix H_ "=
sH~K=. (g) x*fO=O, "Q=O ^=_ `H~_
sH~ K= L~k.1 (1-3)
1. qe ^=_ ` H~_ qs H _`_x DH è*~k. sH
ZÔ# C_ x["# q Z=O, H@
q Z=O, =@q Z=O, K`
q
Z=O `~ k. (sH Qi~z 2:155-157,214 3:142 47:31 H
K_~_.)
=H =~ H, Wg L^=xH Jq #~_ f="# u @#
ZÔ~k. Jq =~ # J<H q^Q "k i rq`# ÔO ~
KO. D iu x Qi~z q [` Y a< JO` (Ol) W J<O:
Y~P< "=$Ò
(29. J#|`)
439
^+K
O H _`#O = J^ #~_ iQ=x q
<O? J^~` i (= ,) `C _ PK# =`" . (4)
^=_ HHQ#x Pt# _ P# xO
~z# (O
H fO)
=~ Ju g~< L~^x `He. ^=_ =q+
q~@<_. P# O ~ Ziy#_. Z=O< @_ `<_~> J`#
`# H" @_`<_. ^=xH H` <^. P#
xOHO _. `x q~z Ò Ki #~_ "i K_ #
"= èyO. "O PKi~z# ` OH "= "iH =~z u
~
k~. (57)
è^ ~ _H =K x, "i@ ^=~` "Qx "= =#
=xH L^t ~KO. J` ''OH" hH èx =OH ^ x <H >
He~K=x =u_` =`~ iH q^
` KH . gO~` z=iH < ^QO H
uiyO= L~k. JC_ <# gO (~ K~ L~_Q) U"q K ~ _
"O gH è*# Jx H_ "=`xH k~K~. `x q~z
^KO ~## ix "= ` H~_ [# Q iQ} O. (8,9)
H~Ô `= ^=_ q~K~ J~>O. Hx (ZC_<) ^=x
q+ ~ ~~K|_`, H ># Pê O ^=_ qk~z# tHQ
qO . J` h = #~_ q[~, ~ a =`~ O (h
^QO H =z) ''"= g`> L<~ J#~>O. [ W~>O H_
L<O. ~ K $^ U=~^ ^=xH è^#H~@<O
gO? x["# q=O, H@q=O ^=_ `H~_ sH~K
= L~k. (10,11)
`x xOHi~z#O q~z#"i` ''gO = (=`)q^#~
J# i~K~_, "= g O~ "~ J~>O. Hx O q
x ZO` =Ò <ug ^ " HO. O z J|Ô. J`
"O `= ` @ WÒ O~ H_ `H~_ "O.
"= |^ O^H "k~ ` qyO. PH~ FOA <# ^= =H
(~ )# HQ_ h_# HOx L~_@~ K, P# ^Qi H o ''^= =H! = H~
^x i~KO? Jx q#q~K#. D =@ q#Q< P# =Y~ H~`
*=i~z~k. P# W J<O: ''gH O~ LO_# q gH~> O" #
H =z_. i XH_ < Q~@`q J~^ HO> J`x ` g^
O~~> pe" _~ [iy~k. =OH_ W~ #~_ =O_xH J`x H H W#
^"# Qz Q~. ^= H! Dx Z> iu # <O O `~k. z=iH XH =H
X~@iQ < #~_ *=` (~`~) =OH xO
~Q }~ K_ . J_`x H
^=
~ ` =O
= L~_^ . (|Mi, J|^=^)
440
(29. J#|`)
Y~P< "=$Ò
k<# i J ` H## Qi~z "ix ` H~_ xn_~

[OQ`~k. (12,13)
"= ## (=HQ xq~z) J`x *u [ ^QO H ~=.
J`# "i =^ `H= " ~=Ò2 Q__. z=iH "O
ÔO~ _=# u "iH (OHO"#) `# =z_~k. P
`~` "= #x, (J`x`@) F_ ZH#"ix OH~ KO. nx "=
~K =#=H XH K#Q, Q}O~Q K L~K=. (14,15)
2. ''J`# i =^ `H = " ~=Ò Q_ _ J~> #
(J ) ^= =H J~# <>#~_ `< ~ @# ~q ~K =OH `# *u[
=^ 950 ~=Ò Q_ Ox Ô "`
Mx~KO. nx|> # (J )
= " ~=ÒH < L~_=Kx `~k. J~`H^, Jup# Q~
=#= " ~=Ò rq~z#@ H_ `~k. W *r (O ) , = a<
=# (O ) QO LY < H_ D q+ x ^$ =O < . (=< J^
^ Qi ''=`H O> J< Q~^~ 320, 321 r K_~_.)
W *r (O ) LY
#~ HO~ D =H (J ) `# J#KO HiH
^ x i~KQ XH H~ W JO@~k: ''XHC _ <h ~`~ KH=ix. " O_
rq~K# "=~k ~`#~ H<# " @}
[~K# " <#
F_~K# "=~k OAe KO#. z=iH D q*` =$` HO~H "_....
= a< =# (O ) LY
#~ HO~ D=H (J ) `# J#KO
HiH #=H (J ) H=O_ " Y##" L# =k ^QO x|_ ''^=x
P[` rq J, J<O. " z D (J ) H =^#q ''<#
<Q " ~=Ò rq~K#.... Jx J<_.
D O~_ LY <# |> p# =#= nO +x `~k. D<_
''=< *<" *H 97% q[~ k~z# G"`
, D *H O
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@ =#+ P+# H_ 1200 ~=Ò =OH ~K=Kx è*O.
(27-6-2000 `n k#uHh D O# `H jiH
` H>
~ K.)
J` =x+ 1200 ~=Ò rq~z< FOA =O}~ KH ` ^. POA
#~K J`x J rq`~, ` rq`~ O~= =`~k. J~> ` rq`x
Y=~ K H=_xH @_@
~< J`x q[` L~k OHH ^$+` H_#
q[`! Jk ` rq`~ #OH ==` ~k. P #OH rq`~ =~^ 1200
~=Ò ~zH Q Q rq`~ `~ =_ _ =K@Q H_ =x+
$u qQ^. (q=OH 79:46 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
''i u XH_ " ~_ @ rq~z L~_x HOH~>_. J~`>
nO+= ~k< Jk iH (O
H) tH #~_ ` ~K^ . O K # #
q> ^=_ Q=x< L<_. (k= YOP<- 2:96)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(29. J#|`)
441
W~x (J`x*u ^QO H ) ~=. JC_`# `#*uH `^ ~

K W J<_: ''gO ^=_ =`" POk~K~_. P#H
_~ _.
gO q+ ~ `H~> W~^< g L~k. gO ^=_ =ê
l# == qQ =`". (DqÔQ) gO XH J`x
He~KH<O.
" xH ^=_ =ê gO l# D qQ gH Z~> Lk
W==. H#H gO ^=x xk Lkx Qi~z Ji~K~_. P< PO
k~K~_, P#H H$`[`
`H~_. z=iH gO P# xkH =Oe
= L~k. gO <=@ uOi (<HK #+"g ^.) gH
O~ H_ J<H *` uOi~K. (^=)~^x +~Q J~^
* _~ ` ^= =H =O~> ^ ` ^ . (16-18)
^=_ r=Oe "^> i Z $l< _, Ò ` ">x Z
#Où K<_ gO Q=x~K_~ ^? W K_~ ^=xH K
~ . "iH KC : ''~ K~ uiy K_~_, P# }H>x "^>
i Z $l~K_ JQ =m P# >#~_ r=Oe > < _.
P# uh K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. (19,20)
P# `# `z# q^~Q H~î tH_ H~î HO}_.
z=iH gO~` P# =^H = L~k. P# @#~_ =~_~
# `~KHO, PH~# `~KHO. q=e H_ U
_, O~H_ LO__. ^=x He, P# Ô#Qx
xOHi~z#O < HO}H>H @ xOK~ Ô. "iH~ =î `
"# tH HKHx L~k. (2123)
P`~` O, W`_ (J~> W~x) K~~_ H He" ~_<O.
J~`H q~z "i ^QO Z~> =^#~ H ~k. z=iH ^=_ J`_
Jy #~_ OH~ K_. q~z#iH D ~ @# Q K# L~k.
J`# "i` W J<_: ''gO WH rq`~ ^=_ =ê
qQ# g=^ OO~ =a=< [x~* ^<Q K
H<O. Hx #O`# k<# gO XHOHO Y~_~KH~@ ^+~K
H~>O. #OHQ gH x==`~k. JH_ gH ~ K_
a~K_ . (24,25)
JC_ ` J`_ q~K_. ''<# < = (# `) " =
`<#. P# ZO` H~#_, q"H=~`_ J<_ WO.
J`xH "= W M (H_H)x, Y (=#=_)x k~K=. J`x
442
(29. J#|`)
Y~P< "=$Ò
~ù ^= ^Ò, (k=)Q~Ô <HO. "=`xH ~ K~ u

~
k~KO. O
H~ J`# ` H~_ [# Ki=~>_. (26.27)
"= `x (=HQ ) ~=. J`# `# *u"iH `= K W
J<_:''gO~` JjxH _`<O! gH O~ H~ Z=O
W~> x K ^! ! gO (
# =ê) O+ "~@ _O? î
^_
(H_) K < O. x~_
`~ (D) _x K < O!
^xH "O ''h= Kk x["` (= gkH) ^= tH fHO J<O.
J~`Hq~z "i^QO Z~> =^#~^. JC_ ` ^=_ "_
H~@ '' ! D ÔO
H =uOH~ Q <H ~ K J<_.
= ^` (F OA) W~ ^QOH XH O fHx "O.
P ~Ô ~ "O ''"= @}
x <#~ K `<~. P @}
"
O= ÔO
O Jx èO`x H. (2831)
W~ D=@ qx ''JH_ ` L<_ H^? J<_. ^xH O
''JH_ Z=O=O<O =H Q `. "= ` O# ` J`_ ,
J`x H@~x OH ~. P "#H~_i L~_`~k J<O.
P `~` =^` ` ^QO H KO H<O. ix K J`# f=
P~^#K~^_. J`x $^ ~ H~z~KH~k. "O`x iu Q=
x~z ''
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O# `. P" "#H~_i L~_`~k. D @}
K # _xH "= gi PH~ #~_ tH k~K`<~ Jx KO.
"= @}x (=~Q `_z>) |n*#~ Hi H~
+"# K# (Q}O~)Q K =ê>=. (3235)
=^<*u [ ^Qi H "i Ô _ +Sx ~=. J`# "iH
`^ ~ K ''<*u [O! ^=_ (=`" ) POk~K~_. J~u=
k#~ Qi~z
_~ _. ~ K~ ÔO
J<, JH=
K uOQH ~ _ J<_. Hx O +Sx uO i~KO. z=iH f="#
H~~ "ix =@>
~ k. "O `= W~_
O _ O. (36,37)
"= P^, =^ *è H_ `_z>=. O x=~z#
~`# gO K L<O. +`< "i K+e iH =<O" # qQ
K, "ix <O~ H OH~_ J_H <_. |n, *< Hey=~_ H_
"O +`< = _ O. (38)
"= MO<, O<, =<# H_ `=O=. i ^QOH
= xÔ < fHx "_. Hx "O (= @#~_) ` ~KHx
Y~P< "=$Ò
(29. J#|`)
443
"O# >H ~ K~ `= ^, J~`

KHx q_ _ O . "O
K# H (tHQ ) "= i u XH_ @H <~. i H~î
"= O=O~ Hi~K Qex ~=. H~îx
~HO" # q@~
=@>
~ k. H~îx "= qH J}Q^H=. =iH~îx (h\)
=~z"=. ^=_ iH U=`~ J<~ K ^ . ~Q "O
(P`=~K#H _) `=H `= J<~ K H<O. (39,40)
^=_ =ê WÒ e ~OHH Q K H#"_ b_` =K.
b_ `#H~ W H@H ~@~k. J~î W~_H < b_W J`~`
|#"# k. (W~> ^$~`Ô) gO (q+ O) Q Q~_.
"O (x[)^=_ =ê U q^^" # "_ H~@<O ">x Qi~z
^=xH Q `. P# O H= ~`_, Z~` q"H= ~`_. [H
q+ ~ ^ O K
_ xH "g ^$~` W< =. J` *#~ H~
">x JO~ K H~>O. ^=_ =He ` ~ ukH $+~ K_.
q H~ W~^ Q K# L~k. (41-44)
=H! h =^H O|_# Q~Ô i L
~_. #=* <H. x~
^~Q #=* (=x+x) K_, JjK+ *eHH~_ xOk~k.3
^=x O} Z~` Qq+ ~. gO K # ^~` ^=xH `. (45)
Q~^ [ ÔO
Hx"i` L`= su "k~K~_. "i` W
J#~_: ''"= = ^QO H ~|_# ^xx (YOP<x), g ^QO H ~|_#
^xx (Ò`, Wh
#) q < O. = ^=_, g ^=_ XH_. "=
P#H q^
(== ) =. (46)
=H! JQ "= h ^QOH_ Q~Ô J=ì~*=. J~K`
Q_ Q~^~ W=|_#"O nx q<O. gi (JO|) H_
J<H= ~k nx q < O. Jq =`" =H
xOHiO .
h= QÒ UQ~^x K^= ^ . h K` ` # ^ . J [iy=~>
3. XH =H #=A K_#>H K_ #H _`<_~> J`#
YOP<x ^ [# xOH ~ K < _#=@. ^ YOP<, n @ O#
J=Q# H ~_ ^=x ^ Q}~ @ xOÔ" # P He~KH<_#=@.
DH q+ ~ ^= =H () W KO: ''XH =Hx J`x #=* K_ # #~_,
JjK+
#~_ i~KH ` J`x #=* #=* H^. (W JcuO)
W=" *O kM D q+ ~ Mx ''Z=O< `# #=* Hi~K
|_~^ ^ Jx `Hê, J`# `# #=* `## U "OH K_ #, Jj
K+
*eH hH~_ xOk~z~^ ije~KHe. #=* = J`# K_ #
*eH H~_ huQ L<_~> J`x #=* Hi~K|_#>. (O =x)
444
(29. J#|`)
Y~P< "=$Ò
D q^"^ x# OHOKO. Wq *#~ W=|_#"i $^

K@ K H< `*=~`" # H
. ÔO
` =O=O = H

xOHi~KO . (4749)
"O (h Qi~z) ''J`x ^QO H J`x = #~_ xÔ < Z~^H
O^? Jx tO. ''xÔ< ^=x ^QO K L<. <#
(q+ x) +~ Q è* Ki~K_ =`" Jx KC . (50)
"= h ($^~) Q~^~ J=ì~*=. ^x h= i~z
([H) qx< =. W^H xÔ #~ K^ iH? DQ~^~ q~K
i H~ (^= )HO}~, `^ ~ L<. iH KC : ''gH, <H
=^ HQ ^=_ K. P# =H L# = q+ Ziy#
_. ^=_ uO i~K q^ "^ #+ O. (51,52)
"O tH H~ `~Ô _ < O. nxH XH ==~@ =~^ xO
~KH =~> i tH ZC_ =z_k . Jk ` H~_ (^x xs`
=xH) iH èH~_< O`Q qOKH_`~k. O tH
H~ `~Ô_<OQx, #OH~ (D)JqH (W>H) K@=>
L~k. ix (#OH) tH i #~_, "iH H~k#~_ =z H=H< OA
(iH `~ k). JC_ ^=_ "i` ''WH gO K H# HO Kq
K_~_ J~>_. (53-55)
q~z# < Ô! < q Z~` q~Q L~k. (WH_ H+~ Q
L~> gO "OK
>H ==K. gO (Z> iu #) #< POk~K~_.
u} K=# KqK_=~^. gO~` = ^Qi H uiyO= L~k.
q~z Ò K# ix "= O~ J`#`" # = <
L~K`~. "> H~^ O H_ = L~>. OH _
`~Q L~>O. ^KO ~#H a # D u
~ Z~` =~z
u
~! O #~ =~z `= =< #=Hx L~>O. (5659)
(D ~K~ gQ) Z< [~`= L<. Hx Jq `=
POx "Hx uOQ_ ~ ^ . >H PO~ ^=_ k< _. gH
POqK_ H_ P<. P# = q+ q~@<_ O ~
Ziy#_. (60)
=H# Z=O $+~ KOx, OK~ê Z=O J^ L~K
QeQOx h= J_y`, ^=_ Jx "O `H~_ J~>O. J~@C_
"O Z "`<O? ^=_ `#^ `#`z# q^~ Q H~îH
+~Q PO~ k< _ H~îH îÔ Hey< _. ^=_ =
q+ è#_. (61,62)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(30. ~")
445
PH~ #~_ =O~ Hi~z `Ô =$` qH r=~ # ^=Ox

h= J_Q`, ^=_ Jx "O `H~_ J~>O. H#H P ^=_ H
~ H JO_x KC . Hx K=~k (D `x) Q ~K_~ ^ . (63)
D ~zH rq`~ XH P@, q<^~ ` =Og H^. J rq`~
O
H Q$(rq`)". D Ô~ O JO~ K H~> Z~` Q~_! (64)
"O _= ZH |î#C_ `= Ô x (x[) ^=xH ` H~z
(`=# H=~Q Q=xH KO=x) Px iO. Hx ^=_ ix
H=~Q îH KOQ< "O (=m) |Ô^#H _Ò. `=#
^=_ H_ K#" =Oz (SH rq`~x) M AOHe
J#@ H$` Ò. O, (^x O =#~ Uq>) Ò< iH
è~ k. (65,66)
"= (=H) ~ux~ <He# q+x "O Q=x~K
^? ^x K@H [ (~ Ô< `) Z <#" `<O
iH Hx~K_~ ^? W^~` èH _ O J`< #=`<O?
^=x J#Q ~k P# > H$` Ò? (67)
` ~ =~^H =z#>H ^x kH i~K ^ J` He~K_
H~> O= ÔO_ =O=O~>O? J~> uOO Qu #OHx ~
H^? =(# `) H~ q~K"iH = (xkH KO H<) =O~ K`~.
x~^ ~Q ^=_ [# H `_QL~>_. (68,69)
J=Ò}
:=H
30. ~" " (~")
H:60
D J^x ''O" (O") J~>O. Wk r HxH O~_

=_ O~ =H J=ì~z~k. =H Jq "k~H `@
HH ^==H (~) ^~` H~Ô =~ O=# qÒ[=#
JaxH ="O. Jax H=OA #*+ iH Pqz
Z~` QOq~K_.
Jk DO< KH=i 'YO* O =*x H"} PHq
O=## =u _`# H~. =H Jq O H=
DO< Jy*O q[O qx `Q ~|O_` =~`
''K_~_ DO< Jy*O Z q[~ k<O! ^==H#,
kq+$ux q # H = "i ^>H x=H ~ z`z
`Q F_
`<O. J^q^~Q JO qQO^H# "= H_ gÔx <=
OH~_ `_z_`~ Jx KQO.
J~> iu O=# J#uH~< uiy q[$~a~z q[~
kOx q +` H@
# Qq D J^~ J=ì~z~k. Wk qx =H
446
(30. ~")
Y~P< "=$Ò
|Ô^H =~# Z^ KO. D q+` H@# Qi~z

[` J||HO (Ol)H L| a< Y XH qO_. ^Q
O=# q[~ k `# J||HO (Ol)H =~^ X~> W#x H `
J||HO `#H =~^ X~> WKHx +O` >_. nxH [`
J||HO (Ol) XCH<O.
H.. 624 #~_ O=# q[$~a~z DO< O[~x J<H ~`#
PH q~KH~@ Ju`~Q OQq~KO. z=iH H.. 629 DO<
KH=i `# Jn#~ L# PHq` Qx>h O=#H Jy~z MO
KH=i` ~u X~^~ K H<_. J@ =~ H_ H.. 624 |^
^~ Jq èq[~ k~z H.. 629 =` JOa
PkH` ~k q[`~` =H "t~KO.
Dq^~Q YOP< q+` H@# ^ iQ <O"i~k. L|
a< Y +O` F_ =~^ X~>e [` J||HO (Ol)H WK_.
W~ E^x x+k~K_~ = J||HO (Ol) D X~>e ^H ^#~
KO. D J^~ P `~` ^=x UH` ~, O
H =#~> q+ e
Qi~z q~z Jqe x[Ô~ " =_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Je-"- g". O=# gQ~ (DO<) `H~_
O[~ =Ò. O[~ # H<~_< O uiy q[~
kO . W~`H =~^ H_ ^=xH JkHO~ L~_k P Ò ` H_
P#^ JkHO~. Jk ^=_ k~z# q[~ @ =~ P#~^`
[OH< O[=`~k. ^=_ `#Hi# "iH ~ K_.
P# = H= ~`_, Jq` ^ =_. ^=_ D(q[) "Q#~
K < _. P# `# Q<x Z#_ ~ QO K
_ . Hx K=~k (D
" x) Q ~K_~ ^ . (1-6)
[H WH rq`xH ~|~k~z# O" `.
OH~ Qi~z U=O@H # L<O. "O ~Q `=
J` x Qi~z Z#_ z~K^ ? ^=_ =He, > =^
L# =x XH xs` H~ HOH ` |^~ Q $+~ K_. Hx K=~k
`= =# HH= L~^# `x xOHi< O. (7,8)
gOC _ ~ K~ uiy K_^ ? `=H O~ Qu~z# iH U~
Qu >~ ^ giH è^? giH< "O Z~` H= ~`. "O <#
Q ^<O. giH~> "~ qx ZH= xO}HO` =$ki KO.
"i ^QO H "i =H
+" # xÔ < `KO. ^=_ "iH J<~
Y~P< "=$Ò
(30. ~")
447
K ^ . O ~Q (P`=~K#H _) `=H `" J<~

KH<O. z=iH K_ #H _# [ O"# ^+e`~
KqKO. HO}~ O ^=x H
uO i~z ">x i ~ _O.
^=_ $+x O~a~K_. "\x #Où K_ H_ P<.
z=iH gO P# ^Qi H = L~k.
O Oq OK OA <O

xO x$` H~yÒ. "O He~KH# q^^ XH> "iH
O K^. "O `= He`^# uOiO.1 (1913)
k<# (=#=~`) qa# =OQ q_Ò. `x
q~z `~ K#O OO Y~`` L~>O. =
H, K##, OH ~x uOi~z# Jq (#OH)
`# =Q` O. (14-16)
H#H (qO!) gO ~`~ pH> _ # Ò `, L^ ~
^=_ i~K~_. =H~`> PH f_ . q (c@ "i)
=$`" L#C_ ^xH_ P< (=O~ Ô) r=~ < _.
J^q^~ Q gO H_ (=O}= #~_) |>H f|_Ò. (17-19)
P# q=e =>` $l~K_. P`~` gO XHiQ =#=
(~ K~) qi O. P# K# W^H K#. (20)
P# gH~ g*u #~_ rq` Q=() # $l~K_, "i
^QO gO Y~ ~^_xH. W~H P# g =^ =#OQ, ^
^H}
# H_ [x~* _. Wk H_ P# K#x^. z~K
iH W~^ J<H xÔ <<. (21)
P# K# =H xO}~, g +, =~ =`
H_ L<. qAH W~^ J<H xÔ <<. P# K#
Ou" gO _ H=_~, Q>
" gO# J#Q x J<+~K_~ H_
L<. PH~KiH W~^ J<H xÔ < L<. (22,23)
1. u Q~# |Ô^H $+HO, q=# J ^=_
=ê ^= ^`, ^= =H
, =h, [# # POk =< O. iH
^ `x J~@Q>, ix HO fOiQ, P^
# Ô~ KiQ q~z i
qQ # lO . Dq^~ Q H$ uH e , [~`=e, K@# , @e H_ lO .
JnQH i ^= *a` O O # =`<H, O*k<`
H_ KO Ò.
Hx O
H~ D q^^ g ix H_= . JC_ |^ O^H `"~`
O" # O@ KO `Hx ix uO iO .
448
(30. ~")
Y~P< "=$Ò
P# K# =OH>... P# gH x Hey~K, P#
OHu~K "O# K<_. PH~#~_ =O~ Hi~z, `Ô =$`
qH r=~ < _. WO^# |k=~`H Q xÔ <<.
P# K# "OH>. .. =H P# P[`< U~_. P#
(#O`#k<#) < #~_ (zO=x) =Q< gO XHXH `
`H}
" z=O . (24,25)
=HL# =~ P# ^, P# P[e tO=~K
~. P< $+xO}x O~a<_. uiy P [=#H
_# @ ix K gO
_` O?
W "= |n*#~ HiH~ =H
q_=Oz K|`<~. (28)
Hx DÔO
|k# y~z Pz~KH ~_ `= J `H
#
@Hx "_`<O. ^=_ î ` ~z#_ WH Z=O îH fH
OQO? J~>iH Z=O ~ K O . (29)
H#H (qO!) gO UHQ z`
(^=_ K#) D Ô < J~>
@Hx L~_~_. ^=_ =#=e U H$u(Ô~) PÔ~Q >~K_
PH$ u (Ô ~)< O ~ Q L~_~_.2 P# O~k~z# H$ uH =O
^ . W^ O# =O~ , ( [)Ô ~. Hx K=~k (`x) ZOQO . (gO)
^=x (=~O ) " #H =Oe (u ==~O#) P#H
_ `
L~_~_. #=A ~K~_. |Ô^H` HH~_. O `=
Ôx pHx qa#=OQ q_O. u=O~ `# ^QO#^x
(He` =`KO) x=Q" L~k. (30-32)
2. P H$ u Ô " W~. D q~x =~ , z=iH =#=x J=
`~ ^= x==o HO" x K < . J` =#= H~Ô `=H ^=_
Wz# K# îxQ~ K q$~Y rq`~ Q_ `<O. JQ e `~
`=H J#H~Q =OH~@<O. nx =H =K#~ K_~_:
''=`$QO ~ #~_ > u _ x*xH H$ uÔ ~ PÔ~Q< _< _.
Hx è^ ~ _ P Ò` P _ H = xQ<, ^xQ<, =EQ< ^
=OOH~ Q< =i" < O. nh q^~ Q =K- = H_ #~z =
Z~> ~H ~_ _. U [~` H_ `y# K=` @^ . P `~`
|^ O^H `= =_# =H` ^x K= H O . (|Mi)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(30. ~")
449
[ (Ô}~Q) U^< H+~ =z#C_ `= (x[)= "

=Oe P< "_H~>O. J` P# (P H+~ Ô~K) `#
HO}x H KqK~KQ< i H~Ô =m |^ O^# H _
Ò. W "= K# "H =@ (H$`[` KH~_) H$`
`<O. O, H~`H~ (SH)M AOH~_. (nx O=#~
Uq\) gH Ò< `~ k. gO K # D |^ O^# ` =x
xO~K PÔ~ U^~< "= g ^QO H ~~K=? (33-35)
[H "= ZC_< = HO}~ H KqK K, O ~`
+~` ~yÒ. (P J^~` `=H$+ e`=x q__Ò.) Hx
K*` KH#^x e`~Q U^< P^ =z_` "~@< O xO
K~^Ò. ^=_ `# Hi#q^~Q H~îH +~Q, =iH~îH
~Q Lkx# ~Qu gO Q=x~K_~ ^? q~KiH W~^
Q K# L<. (36,37)
H#H |~^ =H O=# H |~^ =H WK~_. JQ
^H, @OH H_. ^= # ` HOH<iH Wk K=~z û .
J~>O OH r =, b H$`. [ ^# ~ He =$kK~ ^
`~^# L^~` giK =_ ^=x ^$+ Z#>H =$kK~^^.3 (nxH
a#~Q) ^= # ` H~ gO Ke~ K [H` (gH x~ k). J [H`
Ke~ K"O x*xH `= ^< x =$kK H~>O. (38,39)
^=_ q=e >~ z gH Lkx< _. P< gH =O}~ Hy
< _. uiy P< q=e (#O`#k<#) |uH~z _ H_.
gO ^=xH >He ~z# q^^ "< g> UXH << K Q?
gO K# |Ô^#H ^=_ Z~` Jf`_, L#`_, O=
q`_. (40)
[ K# (J)H$` HO}~Q <, h> ~H~ UO_~k.4
iH ^=_ i Ô O =<x KqK~^H W [iy~k, D
3. q=OH 2:275-279, 3:130 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
4. D H H.. 603628 =^ ~", D~< [iy# Ô " zOk
D ^* =` =^ Kx K@=\~. P<_ [ O^~H
P^~# Y_O , D>, ^# ~} =`" L yOK"~. D<\ ^
$+ # q^ OHO_` e`, P<\ ^ $+O z# q^ OO ^Q H xH
~^. Hx D<_ H}
#Q~ #Q~< <=@OK J}O| =K~.
\OH~ , ~H@, H }
, *\ @
~, q@~ , Q @, _ ~, ~,
[~ "< , H ~ O|, H~\ O| "^# J^ <`# P^ $+O K
450
(30. ~")
Y~P< "=$Ò
tH= O (`= Ô) =#H~>O" (K_e). (41)

(=H!) O~ Qu~z# [H Z~> Qu >~ ^ ~ K~ uiy
K_~_x KC. i K=~k |Ô^H. H#H ^=x Ò#
JxO"# (
)k#~ OH=~^ h= D Ô =O~ " =Oe J~^
O ~ QL~_. POA [ z<a#" XHi#~_ =OHO q_Ò.
`x Z=O uO iO P uOO#+~ iH >` ~k. `
O K#O x*xH `= =H=O< Q=~ KH~@<O.
q~z ` O KiH ^=_ ^ ` u
~ k_ . P#
` uOOe Z#>H q~K_ . (4245)
^=x K# XH>. .. P# (`# J#Q ~ =i ~ ^#) O#
è K>
Q ~ < _ gH `# HO}~(=O~ ) k~K_xH.
`# P[` F_ #_=_xH, `# J#Q x (Lkx) gO J<+~K_xH,
`# @ gO H$`[` K_xH P# D UO@ K_. (46)
gH O~ "= J<H* ` ^QO H P *`H K~k# =H
#
~=. O `= *u[ ^QOH +"# K# fHO. P
`~` (H_) HOH _#iH "= fHO~ K=. (i)
`x q~z#iH "= ~ K=. Jk = ^ `. (47)
"# "H Q# ~_ ^=_. P< `#Hi#
q^~ Q P " # PH~ qi ~* < _. P< >x `#HQ
ql < _. Ò ` P =|`#H #~_ =O~ Ô`~Q HO=_~
gH Hx~ k. P =Ox P# `# ^ `#Hi# i Hi_ .
q^ OHO_ _ ` "g H^. Wq x~t ` H# ^ OO K _" HO_,
i"\ HO\ " , >H HO@~ Q H~}OQ XHi J#Hx =^
_ `z_~. J"iH ^Q~ Q^
L# ~" ~ * WO`HO > ZO`
=^H~ " # k. D * H OÔ #O_ H= O`" # [~ H~}
# JOìHO x
`= LQ <H O_ F ^ JÔ gkH i O* ~ . JH_Oz `= H OQ
@ < `Ô Li` "`=~}OH uaOaO* JH_ F*< ~ `@
"~ . ^x= ~_ #O_ "=_ J"
\
H~}
<~ Q q _ H #~
O\
OH~ "^ HQ* H=OQ =#= =~}=O $+ ~. JO`H^,
=#+e =#OQ =@> r"^ _ LxHH =K~.
^=_ `# =H
^~ O# ~A=~O qiOz#"~ P^ xH q*<x
HH}O HO qxy~x Z#\H PtOK=. =YOQ =#= OH=O
HO ^= O kOz# D q*#O ~ ~ , < , JkH~ , ~[q~ }
HOH ~ KuH zH` "Ò =O_" <#==Òk.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(30. ~")
451
J>^H PxO =^ Ty_# P^ (=O~ K) XHiQ

~`+~` ~yÒ.
^=x HO} =~ K_~_, (=O~ HO=Q<) =$`~Q _= #
< r==~ ( =") `~k. (JQ) P# (=O}#~Ò~ )
=$`H uiy }~ `_. P# uh KQ =~_,
~ H= O`_. (48-50)
"= Q#H f="# (=_)Qe ~, ^~ì ~@ (=_)
KQ =i` O Jq~ =i~` HOHÒ. h=
=$`,5 =YOu " Kq\ `x qxOK= . h= J~^ e
H_ J=~O #~_ f <O~ K= . = H
q~z q^

iH =`" h= (`x) qx~KQ
=.
gO |#~Q L#C_ q=e >~ z#_ ^=_. P |#`
`~ "` P# gH H k~K_. P H `~ "` uiy q=e |
#Q, =$^Q K<_. P# `# `z#^x $l<_.
P# =~ Ziy#_, O H= ~`_. 5154)
_ =z#C_ ` =}~ K ''"=
~ K~ _ H< ZH= L~_^ J~>O. JQ ~ O K
rq`~ "`~_ O.
J~` (^q H)*#~, q Q~ Ok#O i` ''gO ^= xO
~
HO~ #O`#k#~ =OH _= <O. #O`# k#=~> W^. Hx gO
nx Q ~K H O J#~>O. POA ÔO
K H =
Z~> ~ LO_^ . ^=_ H= } HOH=_xH_ iH J#=u
aOK^ . (55-57)
"g YOP< Ô [H J<H q^ #K*O. Hx `x xOH
i~Ki =~^ h= Z~> K# `z< O x# J`k=<
J~>O. W ^=_ =O
$^ H> =< _.
H#H h= #~ =~K. ^=x Q#~ ` "# k. q~KxO
x# KH# =~` K_H _^ =! (J~> h= "i =@H U=`~
~yH_^ .) -(58-60)
5. =$Ò> JO`~` iQ Kz#"~. "i hu uQ LO_^# =@.
JO`~` H $^ O H =## QiOz q=~ HO 89:27 H, ^x ^
zH K_O_. Ô`@ ''WqH i~ O@~ #O_ "=_# ''~H
#O J< H O _ K_O_.
452
(31. M<)
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31. M<
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H 3
D J^~ M< =h_ `# H_HH K# `^~

O#|_~k. Wk =~ # ` u~~ OHO H Q "k # Ò }~
=H J=ì~z~k. W~^ ``=`` PKO# Q_Q J#H
i~K_~ =#Hx ^==H (~) J~^*# k=~^x Qi~z ~`
$^~` Pz~K=x Jqe HO_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Je- "-g". Wq Hq "H` x~_# (k=)Q~^~ x H
.
D H
$^ e@ =O^ i x, HO}H_e . P $^
#=A (==) # <HÒ (^ PiH H#) [H`) Ke O
OHx qO. J~>O `= = #~_ a~K <O~
L~>O. ~ OH r=, b H$`. (1-5)
=#= =## = > =O == x Hx`K _1 H_ XH`#
L<_. J`# (O#)*#~ H~_ [e ^==O~ #~_ `~z, P
1. |^ O^H ^= =H (~ )# Qi~z Z~` ^+KO~ y< WO
OAOAH < L~k. JC_ # a iy #_=H KO H<_. D<>H W`#
g J~îH Z~` L`= _, ` ~^ _, x*fO _. J~> =Hx Qi~z
gO *u+_, =~uH_, Hq, z_ J~@ KO~ K _~ = O ^ .
*u+ Z~> =@ He~z K|Ò [H è^? =~uH Z~>
=~``~ `, "O è^? Hq`~ Qi~z [#~ ZOQO ? z Uq\ Z=iH
è^? D P~}g ==^ ()H =i~K=. nxH qOQ_ <# K|`#.
W K J`# WOM "_ . JH_Oz OA Q^
"Hz [ ^$+x
YOP< #~_ =O ~^H H^ HH ~
xO~K_~ O~a_ .
D H
''=## = > =O= = J< ^~ =z#K@ =+
'' n J< ^~ _|_~k. [` J| a< ==^ (Ol)x n
J~> Uq@x J_y`, P# ^=x g^ =}~ K '' n J~> @
(~w`~) Jx =_O <H KO. (W [sO, d)
''@_
# J=_~, H#_~, i O~ K _~ Ô =`~ H^
J<O ^= =H (~ )- (uil). P# =O ~Ô ~ ''@_ x

HOx, P" @ q<_ Kq
k<# Hiy~z# ~ |_`~^x
J<O. (JH= YOP<- Mr J||HO)
D<_ PO O Jjx ~* , HO Q~ O JO# Q q<e
î rq` ^ # = #~_ [ ^$+x =Oe~* =O HOHh
' n H~kH =.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(31. M<)
453
KOx i~K_xH W~> K+

H __ . W@=~> "iH J==
#HO" # tH HKHx L~k. = H
qx~z#C_ J`# J~HO~`
qOgQ`, `# Kq>_#@, `# ^x q#< ^# @ Z> =Y~
uCH~>_. O, J`x H~ =î`"# `# ZÔ K~^x
O qx~K. (6,7)
J` `x q~z ^KO ~#~#"iH Q Q`
x~_# O = ^~ Q L~k. OH _ HH~ (Q) L~>O. Wk
^=_ K# uOQx Q#~. P# JO H=~`_, JÔ}
q"H= ~`_. (8,9)
P# gH QKi~K PÔg H ~_L~_ PHx $+~ K_.
q q=e fHx îH~_ L~_~^H P# ^x O `
`_. P# Ô }

qqÔ H [~`=e ~* _. PH~ #~_
=O~ Hi~z q OHO H =~zK@ "Hu < _. W^~` ^=x
$+. WH WÒ U~ $+~KO K~_ <H. Jb ÔO iQ
îÒ. (10,11)
^=x @ H$À_
L~_=x K|` "= M<H qHx
k~K=. Z=O< (^=xH) H$`[` K`, P H$`[` J`xH [#~
KHO `~k. nxH a#~Q H$`_ `, ^=xH HeQ #+"g ^.
P# xOH O_, `Q ~h_. (12)
M< `# H=OxH `^ ~ K# ~Ô ~ QOH `K H. J`#
`# H=Ox` ''|! ^=xH (P# ^= `~) Z=ih > He~KH .
^=xH > He~K_~ O" # ~, Ô}"# J<~ J<_. (13)
è^ ~ _H =K x "= =#=_ P^t~K=. J`x è
^ g^ ^ i J`_ `# QO ~ @Hx "~k. J`_
q_~ K_xH O~_ ~=Ò >~ k. (J~^= "=`xH W L^
t~K=:) ''<@ H$À_ L~_. h è^~_ @ H_ H$`[`
=~` =H. h= (z=iH) < ^Qi H =Oe O= L~k. J` hH
èx^x <H > He~K=x =u_ K =@ h= i =@
Z#>H q#H. ~ K~ i@ `=O# Hey L~_. J#O}
q+ ~
=`~ <" =Oe#i =O< J#i~K. z=iH gO~` < ^Qi H
uiy O= L~k. JC_ <# gO (SH rq`~) Z #_K H<O
gH è*#. (14,15)
(M< `# H=OxH W L^t ~K_:) ''H=O! U^~< |~_
OQx, PH~Qx, qQx, ^ =OH_< O P=y~[~`
454
(31. M<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
== ^y=< ~ ^=_ ^x |>H fQ_. P# Z~`

H Q, =~ è#_. (H#H) H=O! h= O< (#=*) == <H.
([#) =~zx Qi~z P^t~K, K_ q+ #~_ "i~K.
H =z #C_ #~ =~K. Wq Z~` Ô `
H_# q+ .
q (q_ @`) xH` h` #_=H. `##`# Q_
H<, q_ _ "_ ^=_ U=`~ "KH_.
h #_=_ =^ =~O J=~a~K.
h H~O O~ H `y~ KH. Jx O H~> Q_^ O~ J`~`
HO O=~#k. (16-19)
^=_ gH~ =Hx = == e J^ L~z# ~Qu
gO Q=x~K^ ? JnQH P# `# QKO, JQKO =Q (Z<)
gH~ =HO_. Hx =#= H~Ô Z~> *#~Qx, `^Q x,
H~u k~K Q~^~ Qx H ~_< ^=x q+ ~ [Q_= _`<O.
^=_ ~#^x J#i~K~_x Ka` = ``=``
#~_ =# ^<
J#i=x J~>O. +`< `=# =~_`# #OHy " Px<
O `= ``=``
< J#iO? (20,21)
`## `# ^=xH J~H`~ KH# }`_ x*xH ^$_"#
PÔ~ @H <_. = ==O `kxO
~ ^=x Ku< L~k.
JO^= Jq uOO~ K h= ^ _ H . z=iH O = ^Qi H
O= LOk. JC_ "= iH O UU # KO è*=.
^=xH (`# ^) $^ ^y=~_ O ~`~ `. "=
iH H~`H~ M J#q ~K J=Hq< =. P `~ "` ix
xQ K O" # `# " D_=. (22-24)
h= "ix =H# Z=O $+~ KOx J_y`, O ^=_#x
` H~_ J~>O. (H#H) = u ` ^=xH a x KC . Hx
i K=~kH (D `~) è^. =H L# =~
^=x^. P# xOHO _, ` Q< ~ h_. (25,26)
~ K~x K@x >x H Q#, =` =^ [` @
J^#~Q =O U_ =^ h>x OQ# =i (O)< ^=xH
O|OkOz# q+ iH=. ^=_ JO H=~`_, JÔ}
q"H=~`_. XH =x+x >~K_~, =m |uH~z _~ Z~` èH
Y~P< "=$Ò
(31. M<)
455
q=~^s >~K_~, uiy |uH~z _~ H_ P#H J~`

èH~# x. ^=_ =~ q~@<_, Q=x< _. (27,28)
^=_ Oux Q>H, Q>x OuH Z *x<_ gO
K_@~ ^? P# OK~^# (XH x==oH H@|_ L~_)
J^ L~K_. W=h XH xs`H ~ =OH #_ L~>. gO K
uh ^=xH `# ~Qu gH è^? g@x>H HO}~ ^=_
` ~. J~^=< W=h W XH x~`}H |_ Q`<. Px
=ê O i # =h q^^ . ^=_ =#`_, ==x`_.
(29,30)
^=x J#Q ~` F_ =^~ Z y`< gO Q=
x~K_~ ^? ^=_ gH `# K#, x^~< K_xH W
K < _ . #~ = OK , H $ ` [ ` K iH W~^ J< H
K#<.
ZC_< H~_~> ^H O @
~ iH q[$~a~z#C_ O (q^
^" # =k) x[^=_ (=`" ) "_ H=_~ O~aO . `= (r=#)
Ôx P#H `HO. Hx ix P# P =^~ #~_ H_
fOxH Ki# `~` i H~Ô =`" OA=O~ O ~ Q L~>O.
H$` , ^ ` = H
Z=O uO i~KO . (31,32)
=#=O! g = PQ~ #~_ `~KH~_. `~_ `#
H_HH, H_H `# `~_H Z~> ~ Kx () k#~
Qi~z
_~ _. ^=x Q#~ ` H~_ <O" O `~k. H#H ~zH
rq`~ q=e "y~K H_^. "Q_ H_ q=e ^=x
q+ ~ "y~KH _^ . (33)
P (
) _ ZC_ ~q ~ ^ ^=xH =`" `. =`$
QO~ U~ OQ`#^ H_ P#H `.2 O `# U~
K#<_ U=x+H è^. JQ `#H U Q~ =$`=
H@"~^ H_ Z=iH è^. = q+ ^=xH =`"
`. P# O *x, =~ Ziy#_. (34)

2. =`$QO ~ U~ OQ`#^ J~> WH_ P_
, =Q
_ Jx JO~
H^. QO ~ _# gOa~^= Z~> =O K~k z=iH U O~ ~ì~K
H~@~^, UU Q}Q} ^x =~ "O Q~> "^~# J<H q+ e
iQ}#H fH= L~@~k. W=h ^=xH ` =O=iH è^x DH
=# è*Ok.
456
(32. *^)
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32. ~Q}=~ (*)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 30
D J^x ''* (~Q}=~) J~>O. Wk r HO~xH

PO_ ~=Ò O~ =H J=ì~z~k. W~^ ^=x UH`~,
=H^`~, OH~ =QO q+# Qi~z Ki~K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Je-"-g". D Q~^~ OH = #~_ J=ì~z~k.
W~^ Z~> ~^ ~ ^ . (1,2)
gO ''nx W`# He~KH<_x J~@ <O? H^. Wk h =
#~_ =z# ` ~. hH O~ Ki~K O=O O#@=~> *ux h=
Ki~K~^H ~|_# ` qk. nx Ô P *u[ OA=O~ H
=O# H ~` J=ì~z# (~= ) ` ~. (3)
=H#, >=^ L# = $+O e PO OA $+~ z,
P Ò ` JkHO ~#~ Jk+~ z#_ (P)^=_.1 P# ` gH
=O=O H_, ~OHH _ O . P# JcxH =uOH~ Q O
KO H_ Z=OO. (=i WC_<) gO $H =O? (4)
x~y #~_ < =OH = q==OH ~|~k~z# xO

P< fH~>_. "> q=O g H HO~ " ~=ÒH
=# =~# XH k#~2 P# xkH KO `. (5)
1. WH_ 'OA J~> =#~ H H fH< 24 Q~@ O[< H=K ^
XHOA g
H~ (Period) J< H=K. Z~^H~> =OH K@ ''h = ^$+
HHO~ " ~=ÒH =#~ (22:47) Jx L~k. JQ "OHK@
''i^` , (WÒ) ^= ^` P# xkH "
~=ÒH =#"# XH
(nO) k#~ ZHÒ (70:4,5) Jx L~k. = ~ ^ xH `.
^=_ =H# PO OA $+~ z, P Ò ` JkHO ~#~
Jk+~ K_~>, qxO} HO# =ê q~u fH<_x JO~ H^. $+
xO}~ Ò ` P# q~x =` KOKO#, $+O # O "H < _x,
+ < _x, e< _x JO~ .
2. `x xOHi ^= tH =z_ `~^# =H KiH# Jq MÒ
K H~_ ''"= Z<O x# =uOH~ KO. J<H ~=Ò Q_z
.
Hx =g^ Z~> tH =z_
^ ! Jx Zu_KO. JC_ ^=_ `# ^$+

Hx ~=Ò H H O=, g H HO~ " ~_ Q_z
< `# ^$+
Jk
XHOA =`"#x, J~`=`# ùOOe =ê>=x JO~ H^x
è* < _. (q=OH 22:47, 70:4,5 H
K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(32. *^)
457
P< J~Ò q+ h Ziy#_. P# = H= ~`_,

Jq` ^=_. P# u^h =z` su J^`~Q
$+~ K_. P# =#= $+x =#` PO~a~K_. Ò ` F hK" #
(gO)a~^=` J`x ~ùx Lù KQ_. P J`_ iO
=#=_Q O~k~z J`x (sO~) `# P`# T^_.3 (XHi
Pz~K~_.) P# gH K= eK_, HoK_, $^ xK_. Hx
gO =`~ (P#H) K `H =Q H$`[` K`<O. (6-9)
gO (h=@ qx PO~`) ''"= => HH =m
$l~K |_`=? Jx J_Q`<O. Hx gO
`= =# H
H< q+< #=_~ ^. "iH KC: ''gH~ xq~K|_#
=$`^` g } f_ . Ò ` q=e g = ^Qi H fH
=_~ [OQ`~k. (10,11)
D ` `= = =~^ ` =~z x|_#C_ h=
i iu K_Qey` Q~_. JC_ "O (`_`) ''!
"= J~` KH<~, q<~. ==e "#H ~~K. "=
Ò K~. WC_ =H (|^z~k.) iQ #=H~ Hey~k
J#~>O. (12)
''"= `KH~> u =x+H <O=~|# |k k~KO.
Hx <# #OHx =#=`, l#` x~#x J<#. <=@
<O" i ~k. H#H g K+
O =#~ KqKH~_C _. D k#~ OH#
gO |kOH~Q< qi~KO. WC_ "= H_ q=e q
i<~. WH gO K*` KH# HOH e`~Q ` (#OH)
`# KqK_~_. (13,14)
3. WH_ =#=x sO~ ^=_ `# P`# T^_ J~>, =#=`
=` $+O , z=iH =#= P` `~ ^=x"#x, P P`# =#=
sO~ T^_x JO~ . q~x = == H ^=_ [=x. JQ P`H
H_ P< [=x. =#=x ^QO `#^~@ Un ^ . J`x P`, sO~, H
=O Jh ^=_ k~z#". P# `KH#C_ >x uiy fHQ_.
(WÒ q=OH 21:91 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
^=_ =#=xH D == k~K_~ ` @ >x qxy~KH< K
H_ k~K_. J` >x P# Jc+ ~ HO~ kxQ~ K H#C_
=#=x rq`~ OH = =`~k. J`# ^= # `H JO_=`_. ^=x Jc+~
Uq> P# =H
u Q~ =#oH `` =KO. z=O J~u=
^==H ==^ (~) ^=x Jc+~ Uq> YOP< O~ =#o
=~^~KO. W^ WC_
~^H =#oH OA=O~ , =H= O~ .
458
(32. *^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
H~Ô =Ò =H
qx~z `^ ~ K Q< O (J
`~Q) ~Q_Ò. P `= =# u Px iO.
J~HO~` qOgQO . "O Ou Q "x ^ O^# Q_ Ò.
P`,
~` `= =# "_ H~>O. "qz# Lk #~_ (=
=O~ ) YO _O . W~> (Q}H)O = H
qO .
"O KH# ÒH u~Q i H# K|iK JO=y
iH~ ^K|_L~k.4 ^x Qi~z U =x+H è^. (Jk Tf`" #
J^` =Q~.) (15-17)
`x q~z#_, ÔO_ # =H
~> "_ HQ_? giÔ
Z#>H =# HO . `x q~z ^KO ~#~#"iH "i
ÒH u~Q O=< ~~ Q Pu^~ a~k.
Ô HOH# "iH =`~ #OH x" Q`=`~k. P
#OH~ #~_ |@ _~ ^H u~z#C_ "ix =m J~^H
<>"
_~ [OQ`~k. JC_ (^= ^`) "i` ''gO #OHx uO
i~ _O H^ ! P #OH tH< WC_ KqK_~_ J~>O. (18-20)
O" # P tHH O~ WH~ H_ "= (U^ XH )
iH tH# KqK L~>=. nx Ô#~< O (`= ^|k)
=# H~>O" K_e. q= H i~z `^~ K~>,
">x q# H~_ =Y~ uCH<_H~> O= ÔO_=O~>O?
W~> `H "= ` H~_ fHO~ K=. (21,22)
W~`HO~ "= =H Q~^~ k~K=. H#H WC_
J~> =" a~K_~ @ h= J#=<xH QiHH. P Q~^x "=
W ~ù"iH =OîxQ K=. "O (H ZÔ#C_)
#~ =, = H
q # ~` H~ "= "i = P[
HO~ "iH =OÔH`~ =~K <He L^q~*=. O
OO~ qk~KH~@# q+e Qi~z k<# h =
` H~_ fOK_ . (23-25)
giH O~ "= Zx *`# <#~ K" (PKi`H ~ @#
#~_) gO Z~> Q}O~ <OH^? P *Ò x=~z#
~`< gs<_ uOQ`<O H^? W~^ Q xÔ < L<.
4. DH Qi~z ^= =H () XH n ^=x =@Q W èO:
''<# < H
H~ O~ Z~` JO=~# = ~ ^ ^z>#.
>x W~`=OH Z=i H K_^ Z=i K= q#^ . z=iH =#=x =#
`~ >x Qi~z T~K^ . (|Mi, =~ )
Y~P< "=$Ò
(33. J*)
459
gO (==@) q#O? "= |~[O <H h>x `z =i~* , P <

#~_ ~@~_ L~_>x gO U<_ Q=x~K^? P ~@
#~_ (^#~) gO u~@<O gi =H "` a ~ k H^? =i
giH (nx Ô) Ug `@_ ~ ^? (26,27)
''h= Kk x["` (tH Qi~z#) D xO~ ZC_ J=H
=~ n? J~>O gO. ''P xO
~ J=H =K OA uOO `x
q~K_~ = "iH Z~> [#~ L~_^. =O J=H~ H_
a~K^ Jx KC. O ("O uOO "Yi =#HH`) i=<#
ix =ê> (xO~ H~) ZÔK L~_. "O H_ ZÔ
K L~>O. (28-30)
33. xH^ (J*)

J=Ò} : =n<
H: 73
D J^x ''J* J~>O. Wk rHO S^= U@ J=`

i~z~k. L^ ^~ `~ "` O~_ ^H J@ =H Jq, W@
=n< ^, H@q J<H = $+ ^==H
(~ )# =[ ~O}H H}
~ fiH H ~_ KO. ^ ^= =H`
KH# X~^~ L~~z =H |Ô^H` H=H
=~H =uOH~Q ix J ^xH iQO. D ^~
`~"` X~^~ L~~z# ^ xHKO fH=_~ [iy~k.
P Ò` D J^~ J=ì~z#@ `~k.
W~^ O~ _ ^` @ ^= =H (O ), [` *# (Ol)
q# Qi~z q~K|_~k. P `~` ` ~$`, O^
==# Qi~z #`# P^ W=|_. D J^x iQ JO~
KH=_xH nx OO# ~H~Q<< `He# J=O=~k.
r 3= U@, + < [iy# L^ ^~ =~H
J~u= q[~ KH i#>H, qH~_ K# XH O@= K= `
H# @#@~k "i iu. ^~` `= =Oi ^
xH _ ` O~a~KO. L^ ^~ =y# O~_ <H
'#[^ ~`xH K~k# |hL^ J< `Q =n< ^_K
_xH <
K y~k. D =KO~ ` H# ^= =H (~ ) ix J_H =_xH
XH xH^~ ~= =z~k.
P Ò` r 4 = ~=Ò~ O < J[, MO J< `QH
K~k# H~Ô =H =n< =z, `= [H W~ Ô~ k~K_xH
H~Ô ^He `= "~@ ~=~kQ ^==H (~)# Ji~KO.
460
(33. J*)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P# i J O# # =x~z i "~@ POQO c# (J#KO e)

~~KO. J` P ÔO
î D POQO J=H =~ #
"y~z i gkH * `Qix LQO. O #Qix K~,
Wî =H fHo `=H Jq"O. "O Wî H>H =_, z`
~ > K~O.
P << |hPqO `Q <Hx q[ ^==H () Ô^ HO
40 =~k J#KO e #[^ ~`~ " ~~KO. Hx O H_ "xH
QO K~|_O . î XHK@ |h `QH K~k# =_ L`Q

L, s, [H< H "ix K@=> Ô}~Q `=OO.
P OA< |h#rO`Q `# q^x |O~Q~Q " Q ` =n<
J~u, J[_ $+~ K_xH _~k. z=iH P `Q ^ ^= =H
(~)# ~i~K_xH H_ H@<O. ^=_ Px i H@ #~_
H__. Ò` ^==H (~) `# Je"@~# `~ MÒKH
=_~` ix =n< #~_ |+i~KO. (D ~@# q=OH 59=
J^~ (+) L^`~ K_~_.)
|h#rO `Q
^ q `H KO H _`# ~Ô ~ <
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a~KO. J~^= ^==H () |h#rO |+O} [iy# "~@< <Q
=~^ =~k ^` "o ^_K ix H~_H ì"O.
P `~ "` L^ ^~ =y~ ~Ô ~ YO+ <H_ J|
< qi# Hi~z ^==H (~) ^x HO~ 1500 =~k
ê fHx |^ ~`xH "O. J@ J|< 2000 =~k
xH` =H #~_ |Ô_. Hx J`# =~# ZÔ<
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J|< H~ ZÔK J`# OH =_~` =n< uiQKO. D
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P OA< i x =i~` JkH~K =O~@# [iy~k.
JOa, i i^ '^=` [~^ J< ~`~ i, Dl,
WOM =^ "}[ OHHH ^# H_eQ L~_k. J` P ~`~
Oe ki~z, "k~z "i O =yx ^KH<O.
J~^= ^==H () i PQ_# J~`"~k~K_xH .. 5= @
Oc= =~ "=~k ê fHx P ~`xH "O. O
=~ ^>H x=H iO.
H~ ~q ~z# D q[` =` JO `Q
hOHi
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(33. J*)
461
ZÔ=x JO| Q ~KO. J~^= W~# `_z>~ ^H "`~

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1500 Y_, 2000 D>, =O< H=K, _ |@_. g@x>h
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HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~
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#=Hx P# g^ O~ ". HO^# H ^=_H_ K. (1-3)
U =x+ ^ ~ H_ ^=_ O~_ $^ L~K^ . gO g
O# =ke~KH=_xH, h= <H è=~> ^#=x J#~` =`#
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~_ H_He "i H#`~_ ~|~^~ `< =~_. W^ ^=x
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ix g îH Ô Q, `Q iQ}~ K~_. èH K# ^x
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^ =_. (5)
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O "iH =`$=O~>O. J` ^=Q~^~ HO~ `>
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H< |~^ = O O~ ZH= HÔ. HH`
gO g `H U^< " K^KH~> xO~Ò~Q
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"= hK` H_ =}~ K~K=. #, W~, =, =O~
H=O_ D (J ) K` H_ =}~ K~K=. x*fO H
i x*f, qh`# Qi~z t~K_xH "= J~îK`
>+ " # =}~ K~K~. JqH =`~ "= O `#
^ O z
L~K=. (7,8)
qO! gH ^=_ K# " QOH `K H~_. gH (`)
< ^_K
_xH =z#C_, "= i gkH #`< ~=.
Q (gH~>H Hx~Kx J^$ xHe (^= ^è) H_ ~=. (9)
P =~ gO U~ K ~ _O ^=_ FH~@ Q=x~ __.
O gH H~k#~z, #~z ^_ K_xH =KO. (Jk JuH+
iu .) JC_ (=~ )[#~
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(33. J*)
465
H@HQ. ^=x q+~ gO OHOHQ J#=x~KQO.

JC_ q Hi<uHi# sHH Q~~O OuO~Q
Hk"
|_O . (10,11)
H@
# Qi~z, $^ OQ=#ix Qi~z H_ QOH
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_xH =H# J#=u J_y~k. x*xH i W Z~> =^~ zH
H^ . O
(Ô ~ Q~ #~_) iêKO. (12,13)
XH" #QO~ #" #~_ `= eH KKHx=, JC_
H@
JOKH~ $+~ K_xH e "~@< gO P O~Q~H ^HÒ.
P ~H~ Ki ^x ZQ^_xH gO U=`~ "#H_O . Q`~ "O
(Ô ~ Q~ #~_) i=x ^=x xk =}~ KO. ^=x xk
K# =}~ Qi~z ("ix) ` H xn_~ [OQ`~k. (14,15)
=H! W K: ''=$`= H =^ #~_ i`, D i=_~
gH Z~> [#~ Hey~K^ . P Ò` rq`M AOH=_xH
gH Hk J=H" a ~ k. ix J_Q: ''^=_ gH #+~ Hey~K
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O? XH" ^=_
q=e J#Q ~Kê P# J#Q x Z=O J_H QO? ^=xH
=uOH~ Q giH Z~> ~OHH _, H_ a~K_ . (16,17)
g P@~H $+~KO=O ^=xH Q `. "O `=
Ô ` ''(WH P =H# =k) = ^QO H =K~_ J~>O. XH"
"O ^~ < <==`~Q ~>O. Q gH `__@~
< i`#~ =O . =^~ =z_# C_ Kz"_ Q_ `"
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O` O~H "H~@ g ^QOH =O. gO (`x)
q~K< ^ . J~^H ^=_ i HO x>x =O~ K_. W K _~
P#H K èH. (18,19)
gO `# (Ô ~ Q~ =ê) W~H "o^x J#H~@<O.
O =m ^_K , JC_ gO U Z_i~`xH "o ^k =O =^
(Q)HOx (WH_) gi` e Qi~z `Hx q< O.
XH" gO g ^QO < ^~ <==`~Q< ~>O. (20)
466
(33. J*)
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(qO!) ^= =H (r=#Oo ) gH =~z PÔ ~ L~k. ^=_,

J~u=k<x #q, ^=_ J`kH~ Q i~KiH D PÔ ~ Z~`Q<
L Q_ `~k. x["# q `#e K_Q< ''^=_ =#H
nx Qi~K "Q#~ K_. ^=_, P#=H K# Q#~ x["# k
J<O (~`+~`). D ~ @# "i qx, J~H` x =i~` =$k
K~ k. (21, 22)
q H~Ô ^=x xk K# =}~ <O" i #O<O.
H~Ô (`= O ~ Ô_~ Ô) `= "H|_ fOH<O. =i
H~Ô =~H~ xsH < O. O `= "Y i Z~>=O Ox=
^ . ^=_ ` ~^H "i ` ~^` , qh`H `y# u
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^=_ ` uOO =M# "#H u"_. O =# H
x~Hx Z~> [#~ k~KH ~_< L`K
` ` =z#Ô "o
O. q `~ # O_~^H XH ^=_ i_. ^=_ Z~`
|_ _, = H= ~`_. (25)
Q~^[ `#H `__#"ix ^=_ "i H@ #~_
|>H f_. "i $^ (g@)
``~ $+~ K_. D HO}~
Q< DOA gO "i H~îx `=i, =iH~îx |~nQ @H
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q=e "O Q K_. i ~`~ gO Wk=OH# _ H H_
" L~_ ^ J~> ~`x H_ gH n#~ K_. (26,27)
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HOH~@~>, O~_ <# gH ">x Z~`H~` W~z =O^Q
Q#~ `#. JHH~_ gO (x[~Q) ^=_, ^= =H# , O
Hx
HOH~ @~> XH q+ ~ QO~ KH~_, g ^KO ~##
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H~) Q u
~ ^ O z
L~K_. (28,29)
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^=xH, P# =HH q^` K` Ò KiH "=
O>~ u~ k~. Q P"H Z~` QO=^"# Lk H_
=HOÒ. (30,31)
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C_) "`H^ # ~ H#_
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467
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P" F} `_ ^x O.
2. Ô}~Q =#~ J*#~, =_` # *<xH =uOH ^Q _`~.
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H~ ^=_ =x~, Q u
~ ^ O z
L~K_. (35)
^=_, P# =H U^< ==O~ XH xO~ K# Ò`,
WH ^x Qi~z q# O+=iH Z~> ~` xO
~ f
H< JkHO~ ^ . nxHa# ~Q Z=O< ^=xH, P# =HH Jq^
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''^=xH
_ , h O# =ê@H J<=. JC_ h= XH q+ ~
=# ^z L~K=. ^x ^=_ |O` ~ K êK_. JC_ h=
HH
_ ` L~_"_q. x*xH ^=xH =`" h=
_e.
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h q~ [i~K=. ~_ H_H `= O ^QO J=O~
fOH# Ò` i O(# q"=_) q+ ~ qH Z~>
W|~k UO_H ~_ L~_< q K=.3 ^=x P[ (Z> iu #)
J= [iQ fO= L~k. (37)
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q+ ~ H_ ^=x û WQ L~_k. ^=_ *sK# P[H
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_ O,
XH ^=xH ` =O=iH _xO (P# *sK u P[#
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^=x ~Ô_. ^Ò~O# J~`"~k~z# J~u= ^==H.4
^=_ = q+ Ziy#_. (40)
3. q=OH 24= J^~ (#O) L^`~x 3.4.5.6 O K^= ~_.
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XHH WO"< Q "~k ^= =H
q ~z#@ n Q~^ K|`<.
i ==^ (~ ) z@z=i =H. P# `~`
~^H =O =H O_.
D q+ x P# ~Ô Dq^~ Q è*O:
''^= ^` O~ O =y~k. < Ò ` WH U =HQ x, ~^ O_
Qx O_. (uil, =^ J^)
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KxQ< O~_= =H J`xH O _=`_. Hx < Ò ` =O=O ^= =H

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(33. J*)
469
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"o#C_, iH ~u=K<` Q`~ a ~ k. i H~ ^=_ QO=
^" # u
~ ^ O z
L~K_. (41-44)
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^=x P[` P# " # ~^~ J~^* xQ, "Q`# n~Q K
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P# g^ O~ "_H ^=_ K ( ~ K _xH). (45-48)
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gO "iH q_He=_~ [iy`, "ix Q_ = H~ iK
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JkHO~ gH=`~ ^. iH Z~`H~` ^#qz $^~` Q
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WK_. L^.H: (1) ` A^ #=* ^= =H (~ )H =`" qkQ K |_~k.
WÒ H Wk SzH (#
) #=*. (2) ^#O (^M ) Hi~K_~ ^= =H( ~ )H,
P# =~
H x+^~ . WÒ =~ Hi~K=K. (3) ^= =H (~ ) PH
O` q[ # ^ . WÒ =~ P
i O ql ~K|_`. (4)
^= =H (~ ) #Qix q~z O# K H=K. W`~ #Qi q~z K
H=_~ x+^~ . (5) `##`# =i~KH# x =H (~ ) =O Ke~ KH ~_
q=_=K. W`~ U x q=_< =O Ke~ Ke. (6) ^= =H (~ )
`^# ~Ò~ P# O# WÒ =~ q=_@~ x+^~ .
==^ (~ ) Ô} =~ H a#~Q #Qi H~> ZH= =~k
# q=_ _ Ox W~=uOH H
q=i D<>H ^+KO~
y< . H#H nx Qi~z = iu Uq> `He# J=O= ~k.
==^ (~ ) 25 UO_ x~_ =#~ `#H~> 15 ZH= =
Q q`~`=# [` Yn* (Ol)x q=_O. P"` H 25 ~=Ò@
Z~` J<#~Q HO~ KO. D 25 ~_ H~ P# =O x q=_
Ò# H_ =#H Ox=^ . [` Yn* (Ol) Kx# Ò `< P#
O~_= q~ K H<O. P" H_ = gi#
([` ^-Ol). P"`
4 ~=Ò ~O~ KO. P Ò ` 53, 54 ~=Ò = P#
_ Ox, P# ~ yH ~K O= `H~^x Z=O< J#QO?

=h ==^ (~ ) "|_# ^= ^` O~ JÔ}"# k. ^x
~ Q xO~K_xH #QO O x|~^# #~_ Px q#~K_~
[iy~k. JnQH J`#`" # ` ~$`` H_# F #`#=[~ Pq+O}
H~ P# O+H QH
H_ `y# tH}
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=[~ O+ K ` HeH P~H
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H ` H~ Q tH}
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Q J<H= ~k
# q=_@~ Ô< D =HO~ ^ ==`~k. J~`H^,
Wg q= =O~ J=O^~ Q L#i Hx , `= ~Y# `y~ K_xH
H_ J<H= ~k
# q=_@~ JxO=~k.
# = P (Ol)# q=_@~ =, ^= =H () k=~Q` #
`~ "` H_ P" Ô =~ [Q` J<H ^@ =H ~^
a ~ _q. L", L"c (Ol)# q=_>~ = i =~~, `Q
#~_ ZÔ# qO^~ H~`=OH `y~k. ^ Mn# , A"i, O<

(Ol)# q_^K q=_@~`, P ^`Q
W~=uOH HOH
K=OH =~^y~K. P<> JO ~^~ HO~ XH =H U^< `QH K~k#
x q=_`, P=H P `Q "`xH J_Q iQ}~ K|__.
D HO} =< ^= =H () ^=x J#[` #Qix q~z
# q
=_= =z~k. W~
D q+ ~ H_ =Y` =~z~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(33. J*)
471
Ô} qH "i O, x
q+ ~ "= Z~>
^
xOt ~K" =H `. (Ô HOH) hH U q^" #
W|~k HQH ~_ L~_~^H ("q hH Hx Of He~K=).
^=_ Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (50)
h O h= `z# "ix (q_HÔ) "O K =K HOH#
"ix h^QO J>@H=K. "OK#"ix H#H~> =m "#H
e~K H=K. J~` hW g^ =k < ~. Dq+ ~ h=
Z~> xO
~ fH< `C ^ . D q^~ Q "i H K| _`x,
"O P"^# K~Ôx Pt~K_xH ZH= PO=~@~k. h= Ukz<
O ~`+~Q HiO . g$^ U=~^ ^=xH `. P#
O *x, ^ O $^ _. (51)
P Ò "` =O~>
hH Ô =`~ HO. P
# =ê
h Jn#~x x
` WÒ
~Ô ~ hH Z~` #z< ix
K H=_xH g^ . ^=_ u q+ h Hx> K< _. (52)
qO! J#=u H ~_ ^= =H W~_
H "t ~KH~ _. [#
=~ (J#=O~Q) JH_ Ò>_` L~_H~_. XH" q=e
[<xH e gO xO~Ò~Q "=K. J` [#~ KQ<
JH_~z z"~_. J~`Qx H|O K|` JH_ (Q~@Ò|_)
HOH~_. D "Y i =HH ^ Hey~K=K. J`# a_ ~, "=@~
= q=g J#_ .6 ^=_ Ô~ K _xH U=`~ Q _ _ .
XH" gO =H Oe U^~< J_Q^
KH~> Ò # H x|_
J_Q~ _. Wk z` k H~ gH, "iH Z~` =~zû . ^= =H (=#)
# k~K_~ gH =~H^. ^= =H `^# O`~O P# ~# q"
=_@O _ ^~ =Ò H^. Wk ^=x ^$+
O" # ~. gO^<
=@ |>H "e|z< H =# ^z< ^=xH `. (53)
=H O `~_, "i H_H. J#^=, J#^= H_
H, JHK H_H, "i` H" uiQ
, i x
(O^ >~KH ~_) i W~_
H "t Z~> ^+~ ^ . (=xÒ!)
gO ^=xH
_~ _. ^=_ u ^xH HQ L<_. (54,55)
6. ^= =H (~ ) [` *# (Ol)x q=_#_ =e q~^ K
J#KO e eKO. J` Px` q~^ POy~z# "~@< "oH~_ JH_
u+" HaO=}~ =xyO. O Z~` >H H^
#~^# ^= =H
# " =x K H `# WÒ O W~_ " O. H>H O "o=_~
Q=x~z uiQKO. =z #`# =^ = W~> "t ~KQ< D H J=ì~z~k.
472
(33. J*)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^=_, P# ^` ^= =H# nq< O. (H#H) qO!

gO H_ J`# ~f Q` =ix (^ x) i~K~_. (56)
^=_, P# =H# k # "ix ^=_ ~ K~#, O
H~
# (#tOKx) < _. iH~ J==#HO" # (#OH) `#
^~ K_. q~z# O+e J<~Q "k # O x*xH O
"# Jx~^#, +" # Ox `= <ug ^ " H~@<O. (57,58)
=H! hOH, H=O
H, (WÒ) =~
H "O `= @#
`= (=M) HC Hx KC . W^ ~ # û . nx= ix Z=O<
Qi~z "k O<
=~_^ .7 ^=_ H= je, ^ =_. (59)
H@
, $^ ~ OQ=# (^+| kH
)"O, (=n<) Ô}
=# =^~` "~*O `= Ô =#HH` "=
"iH =uOH~ Q x# =` O O. JC_ "iH D #QO~ h`@
L~_@~ H+" `~k. #" #~_ "i Ja~ _ `~k. ZH_
Hx JH_ "O @|_ `=O|_Ò. W~>"i q+ ~ Wk
7. J~>
W~> #~z ZH_H < |Ô= = `, =Y~`
"`~ ^ x =G~` HC H#=@. HH` H Hx~K UO@ K H=K.
W~> =GÔ} = Hs` O O+~`, gO QO=^" # H@~H
K~k#
x q~z i" Ô^ ~ ` HxH H_ ~KO .
W~ Jj~, J`KOe iQ `_z> POQ=~`" # =*x xi~K
QO`~k. J`KO, JH=~~^ = =*xH =~ = ~# H@~|
== H~@_ `~k. [H =#~u HO =~`~k. `, P``
iy`. J~^= W~ W~> K_ H HO}= Jj q+ H_
P~H
qk~z, >x "Q
< `~z" ^z~k. J~> P~H
O^ XH>.
O+ =^ [ ~yHHO} îxQ~ HH~_ q ==`
@ O^ q^<x H_ " >~ k W~. J` O^ û
=`" Z~^H
>~Ke, O+ Z~^H >~KH_^? J# H~î OH`=K.
O+ ^Ô_~, ~yH "^H XH q^~Q =. =~` e`
O+_ @ `~ÔQ , f=~Q PHi` _=`_. J`x ^_H (Aggressive)
=~ L~k. x |=~`~Q J#q ~K H H_ L~k. g>H a#~Q H O+x
@ PHO}
`H =Q L~@~k. P" <[ ~ O`^#~ (Escaping) L~k. P"
O+_ |=~`~ K ~ yH#~^~ ~^^ . D [ =` ^$ W~ H
=` O^ (|OM) û uk~z~k.
O+x H= gH}
#~_ H_H=_xH _u H O^ _ =~>k. Jj
O `" # =*xH O^ sQ_ ~>k. >+ " # D sQ_ He# Ò `
J~^x J~^" # ^= ~ `@ _H ~_ Z~`H~ OH` ~ Q L~_^ .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(33. J*)
473
O~ #~p =# ^= ~^". ^=x ~^~ h= Z~>

=O K_= . (60-62)
_ ZC_~^x [ x# J_Q`<O. P ~Qu
^=xH `x KC "iH. | Jk g~< L~^" hH~ `?
UkU"< ` uOOe ^=_ ~ K_#k x[~. P# "iH~ Q Q
=~_ #OHy Ôz L~K_. J~^ "O `~Q _ L~>O.
"iH Z~> ~, OH}
a~K=. (63-65)
POA "i =M# #H u" Jy "_~ [OQ`~k.
JC_ "O (f=~Q `_`) ''J! =#~ ^=xH, ^=
=HH q^
=~> Z~` Q~_k! J#~>O. (P `~` O ^=_
"O@H ~@) '' ! "= = <H, ^
K # =@ qx,
ix J#i~KO. "O ==e J=O~ >~ KO. ! "iH O>~
tH qk~K. "ix f=~Q ~ K Jx J~>O. (66-68)
qO! gO = (=H) # "k~ z#"i ` OHH~_. "O
= (=H) "# J~_# ^=_ Ô~ K "=O |~Ò
K_. J`# ^=x ^$+
Z~` QO=h_. H#H qO! ^=xH
_~ _. O# => H~_. ^=_ g # KH _` _. g O@

Hq _ . ^=xH, P# =HH q^
_~#_ x[~Q Qq[~
k~z#>. (69-71)
"g (^= ux^ ) ^ `# "^> =H =~^, O `
=~^ >=. Hx Jq
_ D ^ `~O "_xH ^ _
^ . Hx =#=_ =`~ (= XOQ >
"_ =~^Hz) nx `#
* H Z`H<_. (Hx WC_ ^`# xO~K_xH xOH
i<_.) x~^~Q =#=_ = ÔO_, O= =O_
_. (72)
(=#=_) D ^ `# `H` H # O =#~Q< H@
q#
O+H, |^ O^# H _ O+H ^=_ tH qk_ .
q~z# O+# =Ò P# Hq_. ^=_ Q H=je,
Jq` ^ =_ H_. (73)
474
(34. )
J=Ò}
: =H
Y~P< "=$Ò
34. *u ()
H: 54
D J^x '' J~>O. J~> *u Jx JO~. Wk r

HxH PO_ U~_ O~ =H J=ì~z#@ `~k. W~^ ^=x
UH`~, =H^`~, OH~ @ Jq q=OH =^< W=
|_. i =~^ ^=^, =< =H (J), *u Ki`H
Q^# L~K` >#~_ Q}O~ <OH=x, H` tH J#q~K
= =~^x K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

=Hx = == H [=x S# ^=_ u ~^y #_.
O
H~ H_ P< ~ h_. P# Z~` q"H= ~`_, O ~
è#_. HxH KO `#^q>, H~ #~_ "=_`#^q>,
PH~ #~_ kQ`#^q>, PH~H ZH `#^q> J~` P ^=xH
`. P# Jq` ^ =_, Q H= je. (1, 2)
ùOO, `= ~ Z~^H =z _@~^x J_Q
`<O. "iH KC : ''JQKO *#~#_# < = H!
~ g
g^ ` H~_ =z _ `~k. =H ^y=~_ U (},) ==
^#~_ ` ~KH^ . J}=H< ^k Qx, z#kQx Un
~ i
#~_ U=`~ `~KH^. =~ XH +"# Q~^~ |_
L~k. `x q~z Ò K"iH u~ W=_xH, "i
=x~z QO=^"# Lk k~K_xH ~ `H~_
~q ~ k. (3,4)
J` = H
H =uOH~ Q `= O H
` #Q_ q^
H J`~` =î`"# tH HKHx L~k. =H! h = #~_
J=ì~z#k O= ` =x Jk = |e, ~ h_# OÒx
xkH î K ~ ^x *#~#H Q `. (5,6)
` uOO [` W J~>O: ''"= gH XH qz` =Hx
Qi~z K =~>O? g ^ J}=}= q_# `~` gO H`Q
=m $l~K|_Òx P#QO J~@<O. W`# ^=x O J|^
=>_ `<_ H W`xH ^< z>~ ^ =H` è^.
H^, (J q+ ~ JkH^.) O
Hx #=xO (Ò<) #OH
`# J#q ~K`<O. "O O~Q î Ò. O Z#_
H Òz =H# K_^? Jq "ix =~^ "#H #~z
K@=> L<. "= `KH~> "ix q H~y
Y~P< "=$Ò
(34. )
475
K=. ^ PH `#H# "i g^ _" =. (` $^ ~`)

^=x " =O" iH W~^ Q K# L~k. (7-9)
"= ^=^H = " #~_ J<H Q k~K=. ''O `!
uQ#~` gi`xH Hi~K~_x "= O`# P^t~K=.
H# H_ WQ P^t~K=. (J~`H^,) ^=^ H~ "=
W#=# "`HQ K ^~` H=K ` OK x, > H O H
HO~ L~Kx P*~K=. (^=^ ~ù [O!) Ò
K ~_. gO K # u h <# K< #. (10,11)
=< H~ "= Qex J^ L~K=. `Ô J`#
L^ ~ " XH <OA #_K Ôx, JQ ~`~ " H_ XH
<OA #_K Ôx #__ . J`x H~ "= Hiy# Oy` H_#
#kx =~* =. ^ ^ `# J`x Jn#~ L~K=. Jq
`= [` J`x =~^ (H@x) xKq. > U^< =
P[# >~K_xH xOHi "= ^xH QQ=~_ Jyx Kq
K~K"=. J`x H~ P ` J`# Hi# == ` OKq,
PH O, OHO H =,1 H<O ~> q"# H~K, XHK@
1. WH_ =+ '`= J< ^~ =z~k. } H }~x
== z`H, qQ H Jx>H Wk =i ~ k. J` WH_ }~x == H
~|~k~z# z`x JO~ . } z`, qQ # =`" W~ x+k~z~k.
*` L"c, L"= (Ol) Jaxx XH Ksx K,
J~^ =# q+ x ^= =H (~ ) =~^ q~KO. JC_ ^= =H
(~ ) W J<O: ''i Z=O< XH =h_ Kx# Ò ` O J`x
=k O< =~kO~ xiO . J~^ W~> = "O . gO

k<# ^=x^$+
J`~` hK" # $+` Q iQ}~ K|_Ò. (|Mi, =~ )
[` P (Ol) H^# O: XHi ^= =H (~ ) < WO\H =z#C_. <#
z`# XH Ò# "_n L~K#. ^x K_Q< P# =Y~ O~Q
=i~k. "~@< P# ^x z~z" ''
k<# J`~` Hi# tH qk~K|_i
^=x $+H u$+ KO H_ L~>O J<O. (|Mi, =~ )
[` ^ a< < W è*<O: <# W J (Ol) ^QO
HOx L~> XH`# =z ''J| J! <# < ` H+ _ ~k~K =$u
O _. = ` OK _~ < =$u Jx J<_. JC_ W J (Ol) W
=^#qKO: ''<# hH ^= =H (~ ) <@ q# =@< K|`#. <# ^= =H
<@ D=@ q<#- '= ` OK_ ^=_ tH _ . J~^ }~
#~`=OH J`_ =ê@_ . Hx J`# Z#>H J~^ }~ _ . D=@
qx P =H f= P~^#K~^_. J`x =Y~ _ e~k. W J (Ol)
476
(34. )
Y~P< "=$Ò
O~Q L~_ ^ ^ =~@` =QO Ò Kq. ^=^ ~ù

[O! <@ H$`[` Q Ò K ~_. < ^ K `H =
=~k H$À
# O<O. (12,13)
"= = < q+ ~ =$` P^x *s K# C_, = <
KuH~H ># K^ = ` =~ q+ ~ Ô J`x =O}O `H
è^ . Dq^~ Q (KuH~H K^ >
) =< (uHH~) <Hiy
Q< `H D~Qu è~k. XH" P `H Jf~k *#~
L~> Dq^~ Q Jq J==#HO" # `# zHHx L~_qH=. (14)
*u [H "i xQ$ < XH K# L~k. H_Z_=
" O~_ `@<. g = k~z# Lkx J#q , P#
@ H$À
L~_~_. (WH_ Q Q` x~_#) =~z O[~ L~k.
(JH_) q=e =x~K =<_. (15)
Hx "O (=H Jq^
=#~_) =Y~ uCH<O. z=iH
"= P#H@ `y# =O^# "i gkH ~=. "i (q<~)
Ò"` "= O=~_# (=Ô ` x~_#) `@ #~<,
K^ ~_ ~_ =O O~_`@ $l~KO. HH` P `@ JH_H _
Hx OQK@, "ÔK@ =`~ L<. Wn "= ùOOxH
Q# iHz# u~. H$`#iH ` =O=iH "= W~>
u
~ W==. (16,17)
"iH, "= KHi# @}H =^ +~Q Hx~K
@}
<HO. P @}
=^ "# =lb UOOKO. (H#H)
gO xt~`Q O~|= P O Ô uOQ~ _. Hx "O '' ! =
} =lb nO~ K J<O. "O `=H`= J<~ K
H<O. z=iH "= ix KKÔ K Ki` QO~ He=.2
Jk K ''^= ^_! = ` OK _~ ` xO
` K@ = ^ }~
x =O == = ` OK Jx KO. (|Mi, =~ )
J` =iHx n Ô Q_H, ÔH, W~H WÒ K@ "_n
=# =`" ^= =H (O ) x+k~z#@ `~k. ^= Ô ~ #~_ ^$+
=o~z U=O@H QiK =h x+k~K|_. JQ Jj`H îf
z` H_ x+k~K|_. Jq ` H , QO= Hey~Kx =, z#
P@=, Ô #uH, Ô KOxH ^^_ =, Kz` Ô

=`" #x H~Ô Ô "`
Ja_O .
2. H.. 965-926 =^ H~ J~> = < =H (J ) H~ ^~
O}` @ P ^ [ J`kH= ~k OO^# , qQ [# =ê W~
Y~P< "=$Ò
(34. )
477
H$À
, # jOH D L^~`~ Q K# L<. (18,19)
"i q+ ~ Wc `# J~K< x["# @ Q OK_. HO^~ q
` "OO` J`_ J#i~KO. q WcH JkHO~ ^ .
J` Z=O O
Hx qO, Z=O ^xQi~z ~^ ~ _` O
sH~ K_xH "q KO. h = u^h FH~@ Q=x< _. (20,21)
KC: ''gO ^=_ =ê i# q^ê KH~_ (g
H ~k "). Jq =Hx J}=`~ == H H_
[=# H=. "> [=#~ "iH Z~> "> ^ . "> U
XH> ^=xH HO J~^*
_~ ^ . ^=x xk P#
J#=u~z#i O ` Z=i O Z=i q+ ~# [
#~ KH O^. [ $^ x P~^#, Jq ` Ô" # `~`
O ''g = U~ =^#qK_x J_QÒ. ^xH O ''O# =
^#" a~z~k. P# =h_, =#`_ J#~>O. (22,23)
Hi~z#@ `~k. P Ò ` H<H H=~Q P *u =m qQ O^# K@
K H~k. H.. 650 #~_ 115 =OH *u LK u L~_~k. P H~ O
==, }[ O~Q Z~` Oa=$k k~z =` *` Q ^x H *uQ
k K~Ô. =OH~ H~_ #~_ =~K =O^ h>H J<H K@ P#H@

xi~z ^ [~ Ò KH<O. P [~ #~_ H= f
`@H, ~@ =H =o~z "`~ ^x =~ KO.
JQ O , =^ =O Ô O H ZQ=u kQ=` K
H~@ OO~ Qx Z~` =$kK O. `= O[~ QoH~Q Z~` HH" #
^ L~_@~ = i O~ ^^ " ~_ @ =_ = PO
HQ qOle~k. P H~ O "~_, |~QO` K |_# ` L y~K
O. Q_H, HC H `~ "~_ |~QO #y+ L~_q.
*u [ PiHa=$k, q rq` Q^
qx O=#, wH H_ DO
_ O. O =~@KO HQ Q~^ H, ê#KH # L y~KO. H~_#
`z ^ ^ "_ xi~KO. =#= Ki`< "@"
^@ < @}
~x XH
Z`
# H~_ ^ ~ 20 J~`
= #~ xi~KO. J~^ u J~` 36
J_Q Z`~ _k. D O[= #~ J<H ` =OH MuQ~z~k.
D M, Q Q i ^ #Q ~ L#~` H~ H#Q. Hx
z=iH i SO~, ~zH " i $^ #~_ ^= cux Ô~
K. D q^~ Q i ^=x @ H$` `, kHO Ô} ^ gi=_~`
^ Q ~ qOKH_~ k. OQ O* #~_ `@Hx ^_ O~= .
z=iH H.. 45
~HO # `#, =O^
=z [ xH ^ Q~_ _.
^~` `@, ~@ = =O^ =~H QO O <#=.
478
(34. )
Y~P< "=$Ò
=H #~_ gH Lk k# k Z=Ox "i#_Q. ''^=_,

H#H =# L
=O WC_ XH =O~ =`" <O~ H ÔO~
_= ~k Jx KC . ''"= K# `C H q=e xn_~ [OQ^ .
JQ gO K# HOH ==e t~K_~ [OQ^ Jx KC. ''=#
= =#~^s =" O z
=#=^ <~Q, O# fi_ . P#
= q+ è# Q<=i Jx H_ KC . (24-26)
''O, gO ^=xH =OQ K P# H Ki# =Y
^=` Z=O K~_ <H. Z=O O . ^=_ =`" O H= ~`_,
= q"H= ~`_Jx KC iH. ==^ ()! "= =` =#o
H~ x# (O) O J~^* xQ, (^= tH Qi~z) Ki~K"xQ
K ~=. Hx K=~kH D = ~ è^. (27,28)
''h=@ x["` (
~ Qi~z#) D"Q#~ ZC_ <O" O `~^x
x# J_Q`<O. "iH KC: ''g H~ XHOA xO~K|_~k.
POA O=_~ gO XH _ H_ P~ K O . JQ gO
^x xs` = xH XH _ H_ =~^Q fHOO . (29,30)
''D YOP<x, nxH O~ J=ì~z# =O Q~^h "= Z#>H
q~K~ J~@<O Jq. D ÔO `= = xk
x|_#C_ "i iu h= K Q~@~k! JC_ gO XHi<HO
x~Ô} K H~>O. WH~ J}z" |_#"O, <HQ
K=}#"i` ''gO H ` "= q L~_~J~>O. (31)
JC_ <HQ K=}#O, J}y=}y L#i` ''g
^Qi H =z# <O~ J=~a~KH ~_ q=e "= xOk~K=? J
gO ` Q< ` J~>O. J}y=}y L#O, <HQ
K=}#i` ''H^, W=h O~|= gO x# H@, gO
==e (x[)^=_ uOi~z, P#H WÒe >He~K=x K|
`~_O J#~>O.
z=iH O (#OH) `# ` H~ Q K_Q< (~u ) #
` _ ` O. "= W~> uOO "_H Qk|~_ H_=. "iH
"i HO H `Q u
" a ~ k. (32,33)
"= U >xH Ki~K_ ~
ZH= ^x H~, ~`#~ H_ "" JkH ~. J~K` =H tH _
^ Jx KO. "iH KC : ''< = `#Hi# q^~ Q H~îH
Y~P< "=$Ò
(34. )
479
+~Q, =i H~îH ~Q Lkx_ . Hx K=~kH D ` ~

è^. (3436)
g ~`#~, i~^
gH = x^ ~ k~K= . `x
q~z ^KO "Y
i J=~a~z#"iH = x^ ~ a ~ k. J~>
iH "i HO H O>~ u
~ a ~ k. O (O= <x) PH
O pHz~` H ~_ Q L~>O. = He `^=>~ K
_xH O Q fO =`~ #OH `# KqKO . (37,38)
"iH KC : ''< = `# ^ `#Hi# q^~ Q H~îH
q$ `~Q, =iH~îH ~Q Lk k< _. gO (^= =O~ )
Uk YO> ~|~^~ ^ . gO
==e
H^, `Ke =`" l~_O. "i K=~k `<
#""O Jx =^#qO . JC_ "= ''DOA g U XH_
Z=iH Z~> ~ Qx, #+~ Qx Hey~K_ J~>~. =O" ÔO
` ''WH gO uO iOz# D #OHt H KqK_~_ Jx J~>O. (4042)
"iH = H
qx# C_ ''g ``=``
POkOz# D
^" # POk~KhH~_ q=e W`# xOk~KQO`<_ J~>O
"O. 'Wk (Y~P<) J `H
# ` =Og H^x _ J~>O. D uO
O `=^Qi H ` ~ =z< ''Wk +" # =~`*~ J<O. (43)
W~`H O~ giH "= K^= _xH Z~> (k=)Q~^~ W=^ .
hH O~ gi ^Qi H Ki~K"_ H_ Z=ih ~^ . giH O~
H_ [ (`x) uO i~KO. "= P<> [Hz# " gO
^=~` H_ ~^^. J#>H "O < =H# uOi~z
#~^# (<# ix O<#~ K#). K_, < tH Z~` Hi#"#^!
=H! "iH L^t ~K: ''<# gH XH q+ ~ L^t < #.
^=x H~ gO XHHO q_Q, WÔ H HOx ~`~Q
Pz~K~_. g KO x Z~> z^ . J`# J`~` Hi# "#
(#OH) tH OH=~^ ^x Qi~z q=e Ki< _. (4446)
"iH q^~ Q KC : ''q=e <<^ 
@H~_. <H u
qK ^ ` ^=x L~k. P# u^xH HQ
480
(35. u~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
L<_. "iH ~Qu H_ è*: ''< = (<) `x

J=ì~ * < _. P# =` xQ_ O è#_. (47,48)
"iH +~Q W K: ''`~ =K~k. ^~` J`xH
#H Ke#>. WH^x P@ Z~`H~ Q=. "iH q+~ H_
KC : ''<# Q#H =O + }` P =O + ` ~ <g^ L~@~k. Hx
<# <O~ L~>, Jk < = < J=ì~*# kq+$u
HO}~Q< <# <O~ L<#. P# =~ q~@<_, =#H Ju
KO =< L<_. (49,50)
"O c`= uOQ`#C_ h= "i iu K Q~@~k.
"O ` ~KHx iO . g~ #~K "O @|_Ò. JC_
"O ''"= nx q < ~J~>O. Hx KÔ~ "o# ==
WC_ ^ `~k? "~ Q`~ nx uO i~KO. Q =~^"#H
Pz~KH ~_ ^~O x|_ O qO `~_O. P<_ "O @H #
Ph <_ J_ . iH O~ H_ W~> [ P
J_ . "O H_ ~kQ~ _ O. (51-54)
J=Ò}
: =H
35. $+HO (u~)
H: 4
D J^x ''uO J~>O. Wk rHxH PO_~ _ H`~ =H

J=ì~z~k. W~^ JqH `HO}H q^ #K*_~
[iy~k. =O" "i uOO "Y
i @ #~ =~Kx ^= =H ()H
K|`, `x q~z#"iH OH O J~^*|_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

=H $+~ z# ^=xH H
q^ ~ a. P#
^= ^`# ~^ OQ xq~K_. P ^= ^` H~îH O~_
OH, =iH~îH =_ OH, W~H~îH < OH L<.
P# `#Hi# q^~ Q `# $+` OH
# (Hx J=)
J^#~Q KO`_. x~^~Q ^=_ uh KQ =O_, O
H=~`_. (1)
^=_ =#= H~ `# J#Q Ô~ Òz
_` ^<=O =
" O . JQ P# `# J#Q Ô~ =, WH ^<=O Ò= O .
P# = H= ~`_, J`~` q"H= ~`_. (2)
=#=O! g ^=_ K# =HO Q~ K H~_. ^=_
` gH =H #~_ LkxK =O $+HO Z=_< L<_?
P# ` =OPO^ _ _ . J~@C_ gO Z "`<O?
Y~P< "=$Ò
(35. u~)
481
=H! gO x# uO i~ > (Wk D<_ H`g H^.) hH O~

H_ K=~k =H
# uO i~KO. z=iH =` ==O ^=x
H =Oe= L~k. (3,4)
=#=O! ^=x Q#~ ` "# k. H#H ~zH rq`~ q=e
"y~KH _^ . P ="Q_ H_ q=e "y~KH _^ =!
+`< gH |O~Q `=. J~^= gO H_ "_ `=Q<
iQ}~ K~_. "_ `# J#KO e #OH He"
_xH `# =O~
" < _. `x uO i~KiH Hi# tH _ `~k. J` `x
q~z, ^KO "Yi J=~a~KiH =x~`@ Q u~
a ~ k. (57)
XH =HH J`x Ô# =<O"#qQ K K_~ [OQ
`~k. J`# H_ `# Ô# ÒQ q_ . J~>_H
@ Q L~>? ^=_ `# `z# q^~ Q H~îx î ` _ ,
=iH~îx îH `_ . H#H (=H!) h= J#=O~ Q "iH~ ^
_ ` }~ Q@HH. "O K # ^~` ^=xH Q `. (8)
Q ~_ ^=_. P Q " # H `. Ò `
"= >x |~[Oq " fH=. (JH_ =O~ Hi~z) =$`
"# P qH r=~ (=$H*ux) `<=. J^q^~Q
Kx# =#=e H_ (
k<#) =m |uH~z `=. (9)
QO=u+ HOH< u=H QO=u+h ^=xH K~^`x
`He. P# ^QO H ^ K#~ =`" JkO~ k. D ^ K<x
^KO}
=`" H JkO~* ~ k. ^+ < QH _i H~
Hi< uHi# tH HKHx L~k. Ò< "i H@ "iH _ H _. (10)
^=_ q=e (O~~ ) =>` $l~K_. Ò ` gOa~^=
Ô >~K_. P# q=e (O+) [~@Q K_. U H_
^=xH èH~_ QO~ ^_~Qx, a_# H#_~Qx Z#>H [OQ^.
JQ Z=iH< P+ OQ_~Qx, ÒQ_~Qx J~` XH Q~^~
=~^ O> L~k. W K _~ ^=xH K èH. (11)
O~_(OH) [x^ XH q^~ Q =. XH> ^ H fOQeQ =~z
hO. `Q_xH uQ L~@~k. O~_k Q~`# _K LChO.
J` PO~_ [x^ #~_ gO `* (K
) =~~ f u~@<O.
î~K_xH PO} == (=`) H_ Hi<O. J~`H^,
^=x J#Q ~ (Lk) J<+~z P# @ H$À
L~_~^H gO
482
(35. u~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P [ <H "> Q~_e pe" #_=_x H_ K< O. (12)

P# Oux Q>H, Q>x OuH *<_. P< (g
L QO~ ) OK~ê J^ L~K_. W=h XH xs`H ~ ^H
(`=`= HH ) ~Ki L~>. P< g =. (q)O*kHO~
P#^. Px =ê gO l# q^^ F Q_KH H_
[=# HO. gO ">x "O@H ~> Jq g "Oe PH~K= .
XH" PH~z< gH Z~> =^#q==.
k<# Jq g |
^ O^# # Y~_. W~> Ô gH O A_ ` =O=O
è* O . (13,14)
=#=O! gO ^=x g^ PÔ_ x~# . ^=_ =`~ O ~
Hey L# u O _, H
q^ ~ h_. P# `KH~> q=e
`y~z H`Q =~ $+O x $l~KQ
_. Wk ^=xH U=`~ H+ ^ ~
H^. (1517)
()O~ "O=O WÒ ()O~ "O . ()O~
H~^ J}y#_ `# Ox `y~KH=_xH Z=i<< e, J`x
O~x J}=`~ |O= H_ "_xH Z=O =~^H OO. z=iH
Ju x`# J`x |~^ = `~ =~^H OO.
=H! `= =# (` H~ Q) K_H ~_< P#H
_ `
O< ==# <H"ix =`" h= Ki~KQ
=. XH =H q``
"Yi J=~a<_~> Jk `# H" J=~a<_. z=iH
J~Ô ^=x xkH =Oe= L~k. (18)
Q_ _, H #"_ XH> H^. pH> "Q =#~ H=. Kx
h_ =~_>~_~>k H^. r=, =$` XH> H^. ^=_ `# Hi#
iH (`# H
) qx_ .
(H#H =H!) =^ L#iH h= (U=>) qx~K=.
([OQ# # i}=# Qi~z) h= Ki~K"_q =`" . "= x#
O J~^*xQ, >xQ K `xz ~=. u*u
# Ki~K_ PqOq ~K_. gO x# xOHi~ > (xOHi~Kh),
i s H_ (WQ ^= =H
#) xOHi~KO. i ^QO H i
=H
+" # xÔ <, zO H , L["# Q~^ fHKO.
P `~ "` `x uO i~z#ix <# @H <#. K_~_ <tH Z~`
f=~Q L~_~^! (1926)
^=_ PH~ #~_ Z =O~ Hi < _ gO iH~z K_^ ?
P =O~ Ô "= J<H OH ~_ Lù K<~. > O~Q
Y~P< "=$Ò
(35. u~)
483
OHO H Q L~@~k. O ` H_ `K
O, ZOKO, #KO`
O~QO~Q O`<. J^q^~Q =#=, [~`=, =
H_ qq^ O~Q L<. ^=x ^ *# =` (DH$ u
Ô Q=x~z) ^=xH _Ò. x~^~Q ^=_ =
H= ~`_, H= je. (27,28)
^= Q~^x i~ K, O< ==# <Q, "= k~z# Lk
#~_ O~Q, |O~Q~Q ^#~KO Z~> #+~x O~
Pt< O. ^=_ `=H i u
~ W=_~`@, P# `# ` H
J#Q ~` =i~` u
~ k_# P`< ("s O~ `=
O ~ ÔO ). x[~Q ^=_ Z~` Hq ~K"_, Pî~K_.
=H! "= kq+$u Ô h ^QO H ~# Q~^" O= ` ~.
D Q~^~ O~ =z# Q~^# ^$gHi =z~k. ^=xH `# ^
u Q` e Qi~z Q `. P# u q+ h Q=x< _. (2931)
= ^ "= Z#H#"ix D Q~^xH OQ K~.
"i H~Ô P`=~K# K H#"O<O. H~Ô =^ =O~ J=~
a~z# O<O. =iH~Ô ^=x P[` Ò K _~ XHOHO
q~z "O<O.1 W^ Jx>H~ > Q (^" )J#Q ~. (32)
1. D H
=_ =O qe Qi~z O#_~ [iy~k. D q+ <
=i XH n W L~k:
==H ==^ (~) D q^~Q èO- ''Ò K_~
XHOHO q~z#O Z~> H , qKO} H ~_< O~ "t O . =^
=O~ J=~a~z#i q+ ~ =`~ qKO} [OQ`~k. J` Jk èH>
qKO}. ` P`H P<~ K H#ix (P`=~K#H _#ix) nO
#O`# k#~ =y^H P L~K_~ [OQ`~k. P Ò ` ix ^=_ `#
HO}KH fH~>_. gO ^=xH H$`[`
`` '= ^Mx Ô~
K# ^=xH H$`[`
Jx J~>O. (J^, `x, d)
D n P`=~K#H _# =_ =O~ =~ # nO #O`#
k#~ =y^H, J~> ^= <#~ HO qKO} O
=OH P L~K_~
[OQ`~^x K |_~k. P k#~ Zx =~^, " ~=Ò nO~Q L~@~^
K O. Hx LM < HO~ Jk =#H HO~
~=Ò~` nO~Q
L~@~^x `~k. J~`H^, P nOH~ Z~` Hi# ~Q, ÔO ~ Q L~@~^
H_ K O. z=iH ^=_ HO }~z ix OxH ~`_.
J` W~> P`=~KH # =~ H <#~ fOh =y ^H
L~_ tH =`" qk~K|_`~k. J` i Z=O #OHxH Ox J_O ^
=! YOP<, n qH #OH tH _@
@=~> J<H <O =#
484
(35. u~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"O ` O=< "tO. OH_ OH~H}, q"#

O`, @= î O . (D =HOH) "O ^=xH H$`[`

`` ''= ^M~ Ô~K# ^=_ Z~` ~ h_. x~^ ~Q
= = Hq ~K"_, Pî~K_. P# `# J#Q ~` =#H `
x"~ He~K_. WC_H _ =#H Z~> ^, J L~_= Jx
J~>O. (33-35)
WH `x xOHi~z# Jq H~ #OHy HKHx L~k.
(JH_) "O K"#H< K= O^. "iH #OH
`# `y~ K_~ H_
[OQ^. Dq^~Q "= ùOOH uqO. OH_ _
| _ '' ! ==eH_~z f. (=H |^z~k.) "=
Wk=OH K# >H a#~Q Ò K= Jx "O@H ~>O.
(JC_ "iH) ''gH "= nO + W=^? J~` nO +

gO `KH~> Q}O~ <O Hx L~_O. g ^Qi H Ki~K_
H_ =K_ H^! WC_H (#OH `#) KqK_~_. ÔO
H WH_
Z=O ~ K O Jx =^#~ W=|_`~k. (36,37)
^=xH =Hx = xQ_ q+ `. (g)
$^ ^y# O ~`~ P#H `. P< q=e
Ô} (`#) uxkQ xq~K_. WC_=O< `x uOi<
_~> P uOO O =#~ J`x g^< _ `~k. uOO uOO
"Yi = "i =i~` ^"Q" qOKH_`~k. JqH
#+~ ` =O q+ ~# =$kx=^. (38,39)
"ix J_Q: ''^=_ =ê gO l# g Q=e
gOC _< iH~z KO? O H~ U == # $+~ KO <H
K~_ H. h PH xO}~ "i` Uq> K ~_. iH "=
U^~< OK=, ^x PÔ~Q O +" # =}~ HeyL~_~^H?
^. Jb ÔO OO~ "y~KH=_xH |@H "Q<
K<O.
L<. LÔ}H, XH q =OH qx J<~Q `=i` #OH tH
_ `~^x ~Q ^=_ H>
~ K_. O` K>xH ~|~k~z ^= i^ #
JuHq~z#iH H_ #OH tH _ `~^x YOP< Ki~k. =_ ==O
xO~KO #OH =Òx +~ Q O#|_~k.
J~`QH, =iHx OH _#O H_ #OH tH KqK_=
=~ ^x n L~k. H#H ^ [, =H ^# =ê W#O~ rq`~
Q_ =~ "~@< x `=# `= ~i~KH=_xH u~Ke.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(36. <)
485
=H ÔH ~_ O ~ Q > L~z#_ ^=_. XH" Jq î

_` , ^=_ ` =O=O >x kq @HO . x~^ ~Q ^=_
Z~` LÔ =_, Q H= je. (40,41)
Q`~ "O ^=x O` Q> =} K , `= ^QO H Ki~K
O=O< (^= =H) = `= ~ K~x WÒ *`H< ZH= <O
Q==`=x KO. fO i ^QO H Ki~K_ OQ<, J`x
OH ix `xH =i~` Ô~ <>" ~ k. O ^~ QO `~
^+ <Q #_~ O~a~KO. x*xH ^+ <Q ">x < iH
_ H _.
giC_ Q` *`H ># Ôu H~ "zL<O? JQ` (^+e
tH~ K_~ ) ^=_ J#i# q^#~ h= Z~> =O K_= .
^=x q^<x P# xO
~z# =O~ #~_ U H =o~K^ . (42,43)
"OO~ Qu~z#"iH Z~> Ôu >~ ^ ~ K~ uiy K_
^? P [ giH~> Z~` H= ~`. =Hx U == ^=x
@#~_ `~KH^. P# O~ Ziy#_. u q+~<
P#H JkHO~ L~k. =#=e "i Ô HO}~Q @Hê
P# q XH }x H_ r=~Q =ê> _ H^. Hx P#
ix XH xs` = ~ =OH J=Hqz =ê_< _. P xs` =~
OQ< ^=_ (~Q) `# ^ ~Qu KH~>_. (44,45)
J=Ò}
: =H
36. <
H: 83
D J^~x èO~_ c*HO~# '',<< nxH O

@_~ [iy~k. Wk rHxH <QÔ_ O~ =H J=ì~z#@
`~k. W~^ ^= =H ()# q~KH ~_ ` =uOH HOHH
_`# Jqe Ki~K_~` @, ^=x UH`~, =H ^`~,
=O}#~Ò rq`# Qi~z `H~Q Ki~K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

-<. q"H~ ` H_# YOP< H! h= x[~Q ^= =H <O~
L<=. Wk = H= ~`_, Jq` ^ =_# ^=_ J=ì~
*# Q~^~. nxÔ h= XH *ux Ki~Ke. P *u[ ``
=`è Q_ Ki~K_~ [OQ^. J~^= O U=O@H
# L<O. (1-6)
"i K=~k Qi~z (^=) xO~ [iy~k. J~^=<
O (`x) q~K_~ ^ . "= i "_H (Hx~Kx) Qk|~_
486
(36. <)
Y~P< "=$Ò
H>" ~. Jq "i Q_^H ay~K|_. D HO}~Q< O (QO `)

` Hu x|_O . "= "iH =~^ XH Q_, "#H XH Q_ x
>=. "= "ix iQ H "=. ^~` "iH U (=~z) q+ =
`K^. H#H h= ix Ki~z<, Ki~KH< XH>. O
Z#>H q~KO . HO }=x K_H ~_< P#H
_, `
^x J#i~K_ =`" h= K i~KQ
=. J`xH Q u
~
a ~ ^x O J~^*
. (7-11)
"= ` H~_ XHOA =$è |uH=. O K # HO x>h
"= #"^K < ~. O `= "#H =ê># z# H_ Q~^ ~
K < ~. u q+ h "= +" # F Q~^~ #"^K < ~. (12)
LÔ}H ^==H =z# XH @}xH K~k# [ Q^
qx~K "iH. "= @}
[ ^QO H WÔ =H
# ~=. O
W^s uO i~KO. `~` P Wî H =^` Q "= =O=H# ~=.
P =Q~ ''"= g ^Q~ ^= =H
Q ~|_~ J<O. (13,14)
^xH "O ''gO =~> =#==` ` =Og H^. HO }
=_# ^=_ Un ~^ . gO K|`#^~` |@H~ J<O. (15)
''= =H `. "= x[~Q< ^= =H
Q xq` g
^QO H ~|_O. Z~> JO=iH H ~_ ^= ~^~ J~^*
_"
=x. J~`H q~z =O ^ ` = ^ J<O ^= =H
. (16,17)
''"= q=e = e@ JH #~Q q< =. gO Q#H (D
KO~) =#HH` "= q=e O` H> K~O. = #~_ gO
ÔO tH KqK_= =~ k J<O @}
" ki. (18)
''g JH #~ q= K@HxL~k. "= gH `^K
<
=<< gs =@ J~@#k? gO ^gi O J<O
^= =H
. (19)
J~` @~x F =#~_ XH`# OQ`H~@ =z W
J<_: ''< *u[O! =H
=@ qx ix J#i~K~_. g #~_
Z~> u
~ Pt~Kx D <OQ =e J#i~K~_. ## $+~ z#
_ <<~ ^H POk~K#? gO~` z=iH P# ^Qi H = L~k.
J~> ^=_ =ê <# WÒ e ^ Q K H? HO }=_#
P ^=_ <H^< #+~ He~ Kê D ^ O <H=`~ xHO^.
^=x @#~_ Jq ## q_~ K= . XH" <# K <# iQ î
` #>. <# g =# q < #. gO <=@ q#~_. (20-25)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(36. <)
487
(z=iH O J`_ J<~Q K~ @# @H <O. JC_`x H)

''O~ "t~K Jx KO (^=^`). JC_`# ''< =
Uq+ ~ HO}~Q < =x~z ## QO=h KO_ <*u
[H è Z~`Q~_! J<_ (qKO~Q). P Ò` "=`x *u
PH~ #~_ Z~> #~ k~K^ . J <x k~K J=O~ H_
^ =H. XHXH q@~! J~`, `$> O~` Pi (<#") O.
^ u Z~` Kh~! "i ^QiH U=H =z< J`_ "O
# KO . Q`~ "= (uOOY
i J=~a~z#) Zx *`#
<#~ K" giH è^? P Ò ` "O =O#_ gi ^QO H uiy
O^ . z=iH J~Ô XHOA = xkH KO H= L~k. (26-32)
giH~ =$` q XH K#. "= ^xH (=O~ Ô) r=~,
J~^ #~z ^#~ (~_~z)f<O. ^x gO u~@<O. "=~
^ YOO ~ , ^H ~ _ ~_~K=. H= H_ =~* =. P
`@ ~_ H_ gO u~@<O. W^~` "O `= ` >~ K
^ . =i gO (=H) H$`[`
Z~^H Ji~KO ? Jx OH [~@#
$+~ z# ^=_ O= q`_. P [~@ q =$H* uH ~|~k~z#
"<, ~Q gi *uH ~|~k~z#"< ^ giH èx WÒ
== H ~|~k~z#=<1 (Jx>h P< $+~ K_). (33-36)
"iH~ =OH K#Q Ou L~k. "= ^x #~_ Q>x
`y< =. JC_ "i pH> P=i~ k. O_ `# xs` HH
~Ki< _. Wk = H= ~`_, JÔ} q"H= ~`_# ^=_
O~k~z# (J^`) ^H ~ . (37,38)
K~^x H~ "= =lb (K~^H
) xO
~K=. J`# >x
^@H~@ z=iH Z~_# YOO =@ =i`_. K~^x
@H < H Ox ^ . JQ Ou Q>
x ^>^ . =~ XHH
HH (J~> `= `= xs` HH ) ~Ki< .2 (39,40)
1. q=OH 51:49 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
2. WH_ ''=~ XHH HH ~Ki< J~> O_, K~^_,
Q , #H ` "^# = O^ == "O OQ `=H xOt ~z# HH
uOQ`<x JO~ . K~^_ `# K@ `# uOQ` q K@ uOQ`~>,
q `# K@ `# uOQ` Ox K@ Q~@H 65 " " "Q~`
uOQ`~k. DqÔ Q qQ` Q K@ H_ > LQ uOQ`~>, P
Q Ox K@ uOQ`<. J~`HH~_ |^, H, q, J~QOH Q
" H
k Q H
` H_, 28 H@ Hg@O "_
# 'PO_
488
(36. <)
Y~P< "=$Ò
iH~ =OH K# L~k. "= =#=*ux XH x~_<=

ZH~KO. P `~ ` "iH~ J~> <=< (J<H~ ) $l~KO. >
ZH gO }~ K < O. "= `KH~> ix (#_ =^~)
=~z"Q~. P`~` "i "OH~K <^_ L~__. Uq^~Q#
O DQ~_~ #~z Q>H O . = J#Q ~ =`" ix Q>H ~z, XH
xs`H ~ =OH ~zH [< ~^ J=Hq~ k. (41-44)
''g=~^ =# O=#~ #~_, g"#H Qu~z# ^x #~_
` ~KH~_, gO HO }~K|_Ò Jx K #C_ O qh q##@
L~_Ò. `= = #~_ `= ^QO H U^< HQ x, K#Qx =z
#C_ O =Y~ uCH~>O. (JQ) ^=_ gH k~z# Lk
#~_ ^==O~ H_ qxy~K~_x J#C_ ùOO
q~z#i` ''^=_ `KH~> "ix +~KQ
_ H^? J~>iH
"= u~_ >? gO iQ îÒ J~>O. (45-47)
''h= Q#H `=~`_"` ~ Qi~z# (h)ki~ ZC_ <O
"O `~^ KC Jx J_Q`<O "O. O
^xH~ ZÔK< O
J< |~_" # YQ=~ "Hk `HK H H_ `=`= xs` HH
Ox K@ uOQ`<. D "`~ O== (O H@~|~) XH K@ O ~ Q
^ . ~` (Milky way) H~^~ #~z 32,000 H~u ~=Ò Ô~ L#
D OH@~|~ `# K@ `# uOQ` H~_H 160 " "Q~ ` ~`
H~^~ K@ uOQ`#k. H~u ~=Ò~ J~>, H~_H 1,86,000 " "Q~ `
XH ~=Ò~@ H~u }~K Ô~ (5,86,570 H@ " ) J#=@. W =#
O== ~` K@ XHi iq ~K_xH 25 H@ ~=Ò _ `~k!
10,000 H@ #H `` H_# =# ~` (QH) ~ 20 H
H~u
~Ò L~k. =# QH (~`) H_ `# xs` HH H~_H 250 "
"Q~ ` XH kQ y`~k. W~> QH =^x 'H[O J~>O. W~>
H[O q~ ^^ H> ^H L~>x G"`
H Q>O . JQ XHH
H[O " QH L~>x `~k. J` =# q, =# O
H@~|~, =# ~`` @ WÒ J<H QH L# =# H[O H_ `#
xs` HH XH kQ }~^x O J|O @s, H~a_, Pi*<, Hei
x=i> xK # G"`
Q=x~KO.
nx|> Dq~ U O^ == H_ O ~ Q ^x u Q O, u #H Ò,
u QH, u H[O `=`= xs` HH xO~Ò~Q ~Ki< x `~k.
Q W=h XH^x HH> _H #_xH gx q^~ Q ^=_ xOt ~z# HH , P#
xO
~z# "Q` ZO` H=|^~ Q uOQ`<. H#H O $+H O , =H
O_# W~> ^=_ =`" POk~Kx D H =#oH OH~Q
k~k. (WÒ q=OH 50:6 HH O# ^ zH K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(36. <)
489
J^H q@~ =`" . O (~zH ==O `=#H) [Q_= _

H~@# u Jk O`Q "ix K@=_~ k.3 JC_ "O g<=
`~ O . J~`H^, "O `= W~_H H_ KO HO . (48-50)
P `~"` ~Y~ T^|_`~k. ^~` O `== =~^
[O H=_xH XHiQ `= =^ #~z z aa |>H
=O. (iu JO~QH) H~QO_` ''JO! Z=O =#e =# _H
#~_ O? Jx J~>O. (JC_) ''HO }=_# ^=_ Q#~
K# q+~ W^. (P<_) ^==H x[" KO (Jx =^#~
=~ k). Jk kH > XHXH cHO QO# !! ^~` =#~n =
=~^ " @|_Ò. (51-53)
''DOA gH Z~> J<~ [OQ^ . gO Z~> HO K
H<O J~> u
" a ~ k. (54)
''DOA O" Y~` è_`~>O. "O, "i
O ^@" # h_ H~^ "`>
P< k~_H #Hx HOx L~>O.
"iHH _ u#_xH, `Q_xH Hi#=h a. "O Hi~^ =OH}
~
^~ . HO }=_# = #~_ "iH n# a ~ >. (55-58)
''Ò! DOA gO (= #~z) `y Ô~Q L~_~_...
P^~ ~`#=! +`<x POk~K=^x , "_ gH |O~Q `=x <#
q=e Ki~K^ ? #< POk~Kx, J^ OA=O= x L^t ~K
^?4 J< _ g J`kH= ~kx î ` ~K_. gH (=`~)
3. WH_
~MO=~ Qi~z
~HO~ Q =i~K|_~k. Hx ne
|>, ^= ^` W
(J ) ~Y~ <> ^QO @Hx, ^= ~#~ K
~Y~ i~K_xH ZC_[=`~^ Jx f=~Q xsH < Ox `~k.
P# ^[` =_O ~Y~ iO. "^>i ~Y~ Tk#C_
=Hx =` }H> cue`~k. =#= H_ c`= Ò.
O~_=i ~Y~ Tk#C_ ^x
~HO QO# H "`~ r=O Kz_
`. JC_ $+H O , O O_# XH ^=_ ` =O=O L~_O . q O
OY =i`. <~` q@
x K^ <# "^ #~Q ` O=`~k.
P Ò ` ^=_ "^@ W
(J )x |uH_ . P# ^ [` =_
i ~Y~ T^Ò. O~_= ~MOxH, =_= ~MOxH =^ Zx =~^,
" U~_ Q_z ` ^ xH `. =_=i ~Y~ T^Q< =$` XHiQ
|uH O . P Ò ` HO qKO} O~= =`~k.
4. D H 'PO^# J< ^x q^` =~ y~K|_~k.
Ô }
~Q +`<x Z=O l~KO . J`x P[# =`~ tO=O . =#=
490
(36. <)
Y~P< "=$Ò
*#~^? #OH= ~> W^. nx Qi~K q=e Q_ Ki~K_~ [iy~k.

WH~ J=~a~z# uOO "Y
iH O =#~Q DOA gO nxH
q^
~_. (59-64)
''DOA "= gi <# H>"<=. gO ~K~ U"q
K ~ _ "O gi K` =H K|`, gi H H q. (65)
"= `KH~> "i H Q@Q~. JC_ O îH~
`K_Ò. Hx "iH Ô Hx~ k? "= `KH~> "ix x#
K> ~ a~ * Q~. ^~` "O =~^H #_=O "#H uOQ
O .
"= nO+ Wz#"ix |#~ K i OOY# =~Q
=i" < =. (D u K<) "iH *<^ ~ HQ^? (66-68)
"q`xH Hq`~ <O ^ . Hq`~ J`xH a~K^ H_. W^H `
^~, +"# O#Q~^~. (K`#~ Hey) r=~Q L~_u =Hh K
i~K_~ , uO i~K"iH =uOH~ Q H ~ UOOK_ ~ nx H. (69,70)
"= = ` $l~z#"> "iH~ = >~ KO.
"iC_ g\H [=# O. g>x "= i J^[ L~K~.
J~^= "O "> Hx> (=Q) ZH uOQ
Q`<O. =iHx
= =~x u~@<O. "iH~ D= J<H [<,
h L<. J~^H gO (=H) H$`[`
Ò? (71-73)
(Wx [<<#) O (x[)^=_ =ê q^^ < POk
H+H ~ Jq `=# P^H~>x P @H <O. Hx P ^"
"ix Uq^~Q# P^H=. K ~Q "O > (OH}) H~
<Q ÒL<O. O, O He~z KO~K# q+ @
rq`~x = O~Q ^=_ =H
Ô `# P[ *s K_. Hx J<H= ~k
=#= +`< O}` ^=x P[ `z, WÒ P[ >O.
LÔ}H, =_ =# J~`"
~k~Kx ^=_ P* < _. +`< ^xH
=uOH~ Q KO~K , =_ = _ <x Jb =_ =< ^_ #_
qOQ@ < O #= "_ H@Q
=, O Q J#q ~KQ
= Jx ^x H_
L Q`_ =_
^ Qu H OK@ xi~ ^x H# O _ .
D q^~ Q =#=_ +`<H q^
_ H _ `_. XH L^y `# Jk
Hix # ~ K Hx [< ~^_xH J`# K # #, z=iH J`x ~`
# H_ K_# H~^~. JC_ =#~ ''J`<... J`# "<[OQi H _ ~ _!
J~>~. JQ D H
H_ ^=_, +`<@
q^
` x +`< PO^# `
`<_. JO> ^=x P[H, P# =H `=H =uOH~ Q ^" ` O WK
P[, O K `= >, Jk +`< PO^# H~kH =~ ^#=@.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(37. `)
491
h= ^ _ H . i J~Ò q+ h =H Q `. (74-76)
"= =#=_ Z~> (H ^) a~^=` >~ K" J`xH è^?
J< J`_ ^ [Q_=iQ ` O _. Q ==e $+` `
`<_. J`_ `# @H ~Qu =Oz ''z# D Z=He
Z=_ |uH_ ?Jx t< _. ''"ix "^> Z=O >~ KO P<
"ix =m |uH_ . P#H $+H ~|~k~z# u q+ ~ `
Jx KC . (77-79)
P< gH~ K>=$H~ #~z Jy >~K_. P Jy` gO
O*H~@<O. =He $+~KQey#"_ "i~>
=#=e (=m) $l~K_ ? Z~^H $l~K_ ? P# $+x O}~
Piì# =$+H O . P# U^< K ^KH~> 'J J~> K,
Jk W> ` O LxHH =~ k. u q+ ~# ~kH~ `#
Q> @ # P ^=_ Z~` q`_. gO~` P# ^Qi H =Oe
= LOk. (80-83)
37. ~H fi#O (`)

J=Ò} : =H
H182
D J^x ''` (~H fi#O) J~>O. Wk rHxH

PO_O _ ~O =H J=ì~z~k. W~^ ` uOOH KiH`
@ "i J~^ qe Y~_ x[Ô~ Uq>, ^x= X#Q_
[<q> K|_~k. nxH~ `x uOi~z# Q`*`
~@# O#_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

~H fi ^~Q L#"i H! `~` Qk~z Jê~K"i H!!
P `H
qx~K"i H! !! g PO^ ^= ~ XH_. P# =H
H, =H L# H
$+O H =, + _. = Ò
kH (O^ H) H_ P< =. (1-5)
"= g gHx `*=~`" # #H `` fikk, àOQ
+`< #~_ OH}
He~K~. DK TO H^ q+ q#=.
#" #~_ ìqH@_~ [OQ`~k. >H~ Z_`Q x `# HK
Hx L~@~k. XH" U^< K~ (^= ^` KC H<) q+ ` i~
K_xH u `H}
" fH}
# FJy* ^x ìqH_~ k. (6-10)
WC_ "ix J_Q, "ix $l~K_~ H+= H "= $l~z#
(=) $+O<? "= ix "`> |~H=#` $l~K=. h=
492
(37. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(^=x H=O K) PO`<=. iH" W^~` ZQòQ

L~k. Z~` #K*< iH `HH_~ ^. U^< == K
#K, Wk iQ =~`*~ J~@ ^x ZQOQ _< O. (11-15)
Q "O (_^~ K) ''"= Kz => He J~[O
=i< ==e =m|uH~z _ ~ [OQ`~^? =H O~ Kx#
= `` =``# H_ |uH~z Ò? Jx J_Q`<O.
''` H~_, gO (^=x H= ~^) xq`= `#x KC . (16-18)
XHXH
~HO" # QO# qx~ k. J~`, XHiQ i H =~^
J~` ` H= `~k. JC_ O (aÒ K) ''J, =
_Q#! (=#~` U=O@ _= <~!) Wk fOk#"!! J~>O.
''gO (x#>^H) xOHi~_# fOk#~ W^...''ÔOe, "i
J#KO=H# K@=> fHO~_. (x[)^=_ =ê O l~z#
q^^" # H_ K@=> fHO~_. ~"` O~îH #OH~ î
K~_.
''"ix P~_ t~Ke. U=~~k gH? WC_ gO XHiHHO
~ K H~O^? DOA gO (=H)iQ ~y~. (19-26)
PÒ` "O XHi HO uiy O O~ k~KH=_~ "^_ ` O.
(J#KO `= <H`) ''gO = ^QiH JOKu H~O~
K`, =` =~ _O J~>O. (27,28)
"i <H ^x Y~_ ''J gO ~Q (`x) q
~K"O H^. "= g Z~> =u_ fHO^ . gO ` Q<
ÔO
, `QO =#+. z=iH =#=~` '"= tH KqK~
J# ^ [H JO O. J~^H "= î ` _" QH q=e H_
==@` î ` ~K= Jx K|Ò. (29-32)
Dq^~ Q POA gO~` tH J#q O . <O
@ "= WQ
=i~. ^=_ ` =O PO^ _ _x Ka` ''Uq>! F zHq K
=@ qx = ^ # =^H? J~>O "~ Q~ ~`. (33-36)
Hx J`# ` ~ fHK_. Q` =H
(^# )# ^$ =O < _.
(J~> =Hx xOHi) gO ` H~_ Ju ^HO" # tH KqK_ =
=~ k. gH a~K u
~ gO K H< HO e|> L~@~k. (37-39)
J` x*fO# ^=^ =`~ (OH~) OH`~Q
L~>O. iH~ (Q`~) è*|_# =~z PO~ ^~Q
Y~P< "=$Ò
(37. `)
493
L~@~k. H
q^ OzHO" # Ô L~>. Q Q` x~_#
O^#=< "ix Z~` QO=~Q L~K_~ [OQ`~k. (40-42)
"OH_ Hs ZÔÔQ HO~>O. "O} "x #~_
x~# =^ ` "i =~^~KÒ. Jk H~u=~`" # (q+) =^ =
q~KiH Z~` =^ O~Q L~@~k. ^x= i ^ OQxH Z~>
#+~ L~_^ . i |n q"K# H_ =~^y~K=. "i ^QO O O+_
HO. P H_Q_ O HO^
LO_ x`" # ~O\ H=~Q. (43-50)
P ^ XHi" =OHO uiy H|O KC H~>O. i XH_
W J~>_: ''~ K~ <H `_~__. J`# <` '#= H_
=i~K"i Ki? =#~ Kx => He J~[O
=~H x[~Q =#H HO
~ W=_~ [OQ`~^~>? Jx J~@~_
_. J`xC_ U u L<_ gO K_#H~@<O? (5154)
D=@ K J`# #OH~ H `~yK_ . P =H #OH~ J@_ Q
Q# Hx_ . J`_ ez ''^= H! h= ## O <#~ K L~_"_q.
< = ## H>H~ z L~_H `, DOA <# H_ (hQ) @|_
=z#"i XH} L~__. O, (Q`~) WC_ =#~ Z#>H
Kx= H^! =#H O=# =$`"^ Wk=OH =z~k. WH =#H
Z~> tH L~_^ H^ ! Jx J~>_. (55-59)
x~^ ~Q W^ Q q[~. W~> q[~ H" H jO
xK e. K ~_, DPu^ ~ =~z^ H [Y (J< XH q^" # <Q
*=_ K@) Pu^ ~ =~z^? "g ([Y ) =$Hx ÔO
H sHQ
K=. Jk #OH~ J@_ Q# "~ k. ^x ~_Q `
OH `
(
~HO~ Q) L~>. #OH" ">x (P=O=O=~@) ux H_
x~H~>O. Ò ` `Q_xH iH HQ h a. P Ò`
ix uiy #OHy " `H _~ [OQ`~k. (60-68)
"O î` # `= ``=``
=O< Q_Q J#i~KO. iH
O~ Z~Ô î` L~_Q = i^QO H Ki~Kix (=He )
~=. JC_ Ki~K|_# iH Z~> Ôu >~ ^ K_~_. P
Ôu #~_ pO# ^= ^ =`" OH~ K|_O . (69-74)
nxH O~ # (=H) ==e "O@H <_. "" (^)
"Oe Q PH~K"O. #x, J`x H@~| , ~|~nH #
F ^ P^ #~_ H_=. (J~^s `_z>) J`x ~ùx =`"
494
(37. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
qye L~_ KO. Ò u Ò J`x O, =# =ê>=.

J`xH =` ~K~ ~f Q HQQH! [#H
"= W~> u" k~>=. "O q~z# =
^. (Jq# ) O~_= =Ox "= (h@) =~z"=. (75-82)
W~ H_ # =O< J#i~K_. J`# `# =
xkH x++# $^~` =K_. `# `~_x, `# *u[#
L^t ~z ''gO l# D == q>? gO (x[)^=_ =ê ~H$`
^ # (l~K_x) W+ _ `<O? =i O H =, +H _# ^=x
Qi~z gO=#H~@<O? Jx J_Q_. (83-87)
`~` J`# (PH~x) #H ` " K ''<H =~> Q ^
J<_. J~^= O`_ =ê (*Ò
#_xH) "oO.
"O "oQ< W~ i^=` QH *O|_ ''gO (D
^~) u#Oq>? U=~~k gH HhO =>_< < =>_O ? J<_.
`~"` J`# P qQ qOKH_ H_ K` >x Q>Q k
qOQ>_ . (88-93)
"O (*Ò #~_ uiQz D ~Qu èQ<) O Q O Q# J`x
^QO H =KO. JC_`# "i` ''gO ~Q KH H# D qQ #
Z l< O? J ^=_ =`" q=e, gO ` O K H#
qQ# $+~K_. (J~> $+HO# =ê $+` "~@_O?)
J<_. (94-96)
JC_ "O OO~ ~k~KHx ''J`xH~ F JyQ~_~
ÒK, QQ=~_ P JyQ~_~ J`_ qi_^~ Jx xO
~KH<O. (Dq^~Q) "O`xH =uOH~Q XHKO fHêKO.
J` "= (i Ô# ==K) i K~ J}z"O. (97,98)
(P Ò `) W~ ([# L^t ~z) ''<# < = (P^~ ) "
" < #. P< <H =O^ O #~ K_ J<_. (P ~Ô ~ ) '' !
<HH ^ }
~#_# H=O_ k~K Jx "_ H<_. "=`xH
#j_# XH _ HQ`_x O è=. (99-101)
P _ J`x` @ O Q` =H KO H# Ò ` (FOA)
W~ J`x` ''|! <# x# |e# @ HQ<#. nx h Ja
~ Uq> KC J<_. ^xH P _ (U=`~ H~QO_H ~_)
''<<! gH ^x Qi~z P[ W=|_~^ ^x <O" O ~_. ^= z`= `
gO ## # jeQ KO Jx J<_. (102)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(37. `)
495
W "iÔ (=P[) tO=~KO. `~` W~ `# H=O_

O_ " _ (|eK _xH). JC_ "= ''W~! h= x x[Oz
K=. [# H "= W~> u
< W~ >=. x[~Q Wk hHH
+" # sH. (J~^ h= <Q=.) Jx J<=. (103-106)
"= iO~ H~^ XH ^ |e^#~ Wz P _ H_=.
J`x Hi u+
# Ò u Ò `~Q =ê>=. W~H
~u HQQH! [# H "= W~> u
" k=. x[~Q
J`# q~z# = ^ XH_. "=`xH WM __x
(=OH) O J~^*=. WM ^}~#_# ^==H. "=
W~H, WMH (Z<) Hey~K=. "iî ~ù #~_
WC_ H~Ô }`, =iH~Ô P`=~K#H _# `
[x~KO. (107-113)
"= =, O<H (H_) Z~` " KO. "ix, "i*ux
=^=~ #~_ H_=. = HO Ô< O q[~
k~KO. "iH "= +" # k=Q~^~ k~z OA=O~ K~
K=. "i Hi u+
# Ò u Ò =ê>=. =, O<H
~u HQQH! [#H "= W~> u" k~>=.
x~^ ~Q gO (`x) q~z# = ^. (114-122)
W H_ ^= =H. J`# `# *u[H `^ ~ K ''gO
(^=xH) _O? Z~`=~z $+HO# =ê (qQ~)# i
<O? gH, g ``=``
H P ^=_ H^ =? J<_. (123-126)
J` O`_ uO i~KO. H#H O ` H~_ (#OH) tH H~
==~^ " @|_Ò. Hx qh# ^= ^ =`~ H^.
W Hi u+e # "= `~u Ò `~Q =ê>O.1 WH
~u HQQH! hu=~`H "= W~> u k~>O.
x[~Q J`# q~z# = ^ XH_ L<_. (127-132)
1. , D (J ) =H
H~ ^ =QO q =H
H~
xsH ~ _O. O W, = (D), P=H (J~> ==H ==^-~ ).
[` (J) ^`H~ "^ P# [H [~ (=`
~O~) O~a~z#C_ ^ P# ^QO H z ''h= = (H ) ? Jx
J_QO. P# H^<O. ''J` h= Ue (W)? Jx t~KO O.
^xH P# H^<O. JC_ O ''=i h= P =H ? Jx J_QO =m.
^xH_ P# `# P =H# H^<O. JC_ O ''h= = H^, Ue
H^, P =H= H^. J~@C_ h= [ ~ Z~^H K< =? Jx J_QO.
(K_~_ a H`x |~^# < O 1:19-26)
496
(37. `)
Y~P< "=$Ò
` H_ ^= =H. "= J`_ , J`x H@~| # H_=.

J` XH =$Ô ex =`~ "= OH~ K^ . P" "#H~_i H
L~_ ~k. P Ò ` "= qye# O~^s iQ `_z >=.
D<_ gO i tkx g^Q< O~|= }<O.
>x K< gH H#qC HQ^? (133-138)
# H_ ^= =H. J`<H x~_<= " O Q`_ . JH_ WÒ
}H O` @ J`x O H_ He p> " _~ [iy~k. D
p> J`# ^|u<_. z=iH J`_ XH K q~Q~ k. J`# (`##
`# x~k~KH~@) x~k`_ _. (139-142)
JC_`# ^ x i~z L~_H ` #O`#k#~ ^H PK H_
< L~__. z=iH "=`_ kQ u WH "^#~
qO ~. J`x h_H~ JH_ XH fQK@
"e~K~. `~` J`_ "=
H =Ok H JO` QL# [ ^Qi H O=. O `x q
~KO. H#H "= F xs`H ~ =OH "ix =ê>=.2 (143-148)
"ix J_Q, g =H H=O#, gH H=O? "=
x[~Q ^= ^`#
Q O~k~K=? O `=H ` K K|`#
=@< Wq? q#, ^=xH ~`#=~^x gO K|`# =@h =>
J `H
# =`" . gO
z J|^HO. ^=_ H=OH
|^ H=Oe HOH<_? U=~k gH, W~> HOH`
H<O? gO =~ Qi~z Pz~KO? H gO K|`# D
=@H g^QO Q> =}~ U^< L~^? L~> P =}=# Q~^~
Uq> fHO~_. g ^# x[=` D x K K~_. (149-157)
"O ^=xH, ^=^`H3 |~^`x J~@Q>O. Hx "O
(<O
Q ^=x =~^) " @|_Òx ^= ^`H Q `. (Q
2. [` # (J ) "oH P# KiH HO~ H$ u q`
O~ ^= tH =z_ K# Hx~K. ^~` [
_ , #
(J) H~ J<+~KO. Hx P# ZH_ Hx~K^ . z=iH O `= ,
=` @~ "eHo `~ ` ^ x "_ H<O. ^=_ ix HxHi~z
H$ uq` #~_ H__. P`~` [` # (J) >xH uiyO=_~, O
`x Hi~z == =_~ [iy~k. (21:87,88 H
H_ K_~_.)
3. =< =^n Qi M#~ HO~ l< J< Ô WH_ aH =~
L~k. J~> JQKOr q. nx|> l# ( `) H_ JQKO r=, ^= ^`
H_ JQKOr=. H#H WH_ ~Ô#O~ l# J< ^x ^=^`x
J#=k~K==z~k. D ^xH =~^, Ò u H
Q=x WH_ ^= ^`
J< JO" ~Ôz`~Q L~@~^x Q ~KQ
~. =*^, Y`^ LY
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_ D J~x =i < x ''` ~ [< "M#H~ ~<~.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(38. ^)
497
i J~>O:) ''qh# ^=^ ` WÒ Pk~K

W~> H}
^=x Z~`=`~ =. P# Z~` i^_ . H#H
gO, g q^^ #OHy He=# "_ ` =O=ih ^=xH
=uOH~ Q (JÔ HOH) iQO . WH = q+ xH, = u
XHiH XH #~ xO~K|_~k. "= qkxO}H J#H}~ ^~Q
L~_ =H~, xO~Ò~ ^=x q`` ~ ~K"~ =`" . (158-166)
"O W~`H O~ (Q~^ [ îH û K) ''Q` *`H
a~z# (k=) =# =^QO H_ L~> Z~` Q~_! "= ^=xH
^ L~_= Jx J~@~_O. J` P =#
(YOP< O~) OQ< ^x O uO i~KO. (D uOO O =#~
Uq>) "iH Ò< `~ k. "= (^= =H
Q xq~z) ~#
^H ` H~_ ~ K _~ [OQ`~k. = #" q[~
k ~ ^x "= =~^ "Q#~ K=. (167-173)
H#H =H! H~`H~ @ "ix "i=<# =ê@. Ò<
"O H_ (`=H > Ôu) KH~>O. = tH H~ "O
`~Ô_<O? Hx PtH "i =~y@ "e#C_, (ùOO
O =#~ Qi~z) Ki~K |_#iH î#~ î~z#>. J~^=
H<@ ix i=<# =k K_. O H_ (`=H Z~>
Qu_ ~ ^) KH~>O. (174-179)
h = Z~` q`_, QO=h_. "O He# = q+
H P# Jf`_. ^= =H
H ~u HQQH! O H =#
^=xH H
q^ ~ a. (180-182)
J=Ò}
: =H
38. ^
H: 88
D J^~x è c*HO~ ''^ nxH =H@~Q @|_~k.

=H YO+ WO K~O =#H=x ^==H (~)H Z~` #K
*< q#H =_~` OO~H~ =H ^<# J|è ^QOH
Ò. P# ^==H (~)# ez, L Or_=~kQ
HOO. ^xH ^==H (~) ''<<H =@ K|`#. ^x XCH~> gO
=` JO|H, JOÒH <H~ Ò Jx KO.
"~@< YO+ <H ''XH>q>, k=@ XCH=_xH ^~Q
L<=, Uq\ Jk K J<O. JC_ ^==H (~) ''J `
=O PO^_ _x XCH~_ J<O. D =@ q#Q< YO+
kQ# z ''W`# J` k. "`~ ^=# He XH ^=_ K_! Z~`
qz`qk! J~@ K~K~ "oO.
498
(38. ^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P `~"` D JÔ J=ì~z~k. W~^ Jqe f=~Q

Ki Ki` #~z Q}O~ <OH=_xH "i =~^ =< Q^,
#OH q+ O#|_. z=O Q _ # +`< =$`~`~ H_
è*|_~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

^! `^` H_# YOP< H! (= =H k#k O=
` ~) Hx (W~>) ` "}x uO i~z#O J~HO~` "~_H
HO<O. iH O~ "= (`x uO i~z#) Z< *`# `^
=>~ KO. (=tH =z_ `# K# K_Q<) O QQ>O . Hx
(=~ q~z~k.) Wk }` |@_ =~ H^. (1-3)
~Q `= #~_ XH`#
>~ ^H O=_~@ "iH PO~
Hey~k. "~ ''W`# =~uH_, J|^HO. ^=~îh f P #~
XHXH ^=_ `z>_! K qz` q+ qk Jx J~@<O. (4,5)
(i)*u <H (=iH =~^H ) ''^~ _, =# ^
=#~ POk ">< J~>@Hx L~^~. W`h =@ =O^ L^ ~`
K|`<_. W~> (z`" # ) =@ =#~ U=`
<> Z#_ q#
^ . Wk X> J `H
# ` =OgH^. =#~ W~`=~k (QQ
") L~_Q W`<H_ g^ ^= Q~^~ J=ì~z~^? Jx K QO.
=H! gO
(x# H^,) < `^ x J#=x< O. < tH#
gi~H KqK_^ H^ (J~^H W~> HOH` H< O). O H
=~`_, Q ^` J# h = k~z# J#Q xH =<
i^QO L<? h, O =HH, >=^ L# ">H [
=#? JQ` F `_ H> qtYO ZH K_=# "ix. (6-10)
J<H Q~ W^H Q~. DQ~ D ^ ~ (=H)< O[~
`~k. "iH O~ #*u, P^*u, "H"_# O <, =^*u,
` *u, JHO uO i~KO. W" (uO i~z#) Q~. >
uQ~ =H
# uO i~z~k. H#H "tH > qOKH_~ k.
(JQ) gO H_ ~HO q@~ H~ ZÔK<O. P
`~"` =O q@~ OqOK^. "O (=tH# i) ''!
fOk<xH =~^ =H O=# Q"^ =H ÒQ WK
J~@<O. (1116)
=H! "O K|`# =@# h= J> >~ KHH. #~ =~K.
"i =~^ = ^_ ^=^ =$`~`~ q~K. J`# K
Y~P< "=$Ò
(38. ^)
499
|=~`_, OH=e. u q+ ~# J`# ^=x (Ô ~) " =O

_. "= H~_e J`x J^ L~KO. Jq L^~, ~`~
J`x`@ (^=<=~) [ L~>. H H_ (J`x) ^QOH
KO `. =~ J`x`@ ^= `~ b#" `. "=`x =
*x >+ i K~. J`xH qH~ , ==O ^H`
# H_ k~KO.
Q_H J`x O[=~kO~ KO|_#i [Q_~ Qi~z hH"<
`? "O JH=~Q KO|_ `# ^QOH O=_~K ^=^
__ . JC_ i XH_
J<_: ''
_H ~ _. "qÔ ~ XH *
xH ~|~k~z# "k, u"^~. = XH_ O~__ J<xH
__ . gO =Wî QiOz <~Q fOK ~_. J<~ K
H~_. =H O# =O~ K~_. W`# <Ô _. W`x ^QO `~` qk
QO<. <^QO XH QO =`" L~k. P XH^x H_ `#H==x
J~@<_`# . W`# =@` ("k~z) ## |OK H<_. (17-23)
^=^ W K_:'' W`# `# QO h QO# H_ HH~>#
W==x J_y, x[~Q hH K J<~ K_. H" xK
Ô}~Q OO~ J<xH _Ò. Hx `x q~z
Ò KO J KO. J~> x*fO (=[O)
|Hk =~k =`" L~>O.
W K|` ^=^, `## "= sH < =x Q ~K_. J~^=
J`# "~@< `# =x H= } HOH<_. Ò ` <g^ y_
(=" ) =O_. JC_ "=`x O@ Hq ~K=. J`x H~ =
^QO ` H~_ k=x^ ~, =~z O =#~ L<. (24,25)
J`x` "q J<=: ''^=^! "= x# ~K~ (=)
uxkQ xq~KO. H#H h= [# <~Q e~K. =<~K
H x HH. Jq x# ^= =O~ #~_ ` . ^= =O~ ` O
H
fOk<x =Oz"iH O"# tH _`~k. (26)
=He, "> =^ L#">x "= H O `~Q $+~ K^ .
Wk Jq Ja~ =`". J~> JqH #OHy H_
` ^. q~z Ò K"ix "= ~ K~ H $+~ K
"i` He XH>Q K=? HH"ix, ÔOe =#~Q
K=? (27,28)
D Q~^~ ^H=~#k. [ W~^x He Qi~z
z~K_xH, |k=~` Q}O~ Q ~K_xH "= nx h^QO H
~=. (29)
500
(38. ^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^=^H "= = < (J< `_)x k~K=. J`# Z~`

=~z^_, `# =x J`kH~ Q i P# " =O _. (30)
FOA ~`~ =< =~^ KHJ# "*u Q]
Hx fHO|_. ''< = O} HO}~Q< <h J~^# Ja=
x<# J<_`#. Ò` PQ] H#=OQ. (=<
P^t) ''H^, ">x =Oi <^QO H fHO~_ (J<_). (Q]
=z# Ò `) J`# (=Q) "> "_, H xqO_. (31-33)
= <x H_ "= sHH QiK=. J`x ~#~ g^ XH
"~_~ `z_ =. = < (^x =O`= Q ~z) `# xO
x
1
=O H<_. '' ! ## Hq ~K. < Ò ` =O=iH a~K#@=~>
Q =[~ k~K <H. x~^ ~Q h" ^`=, J#Q =iq
Jx ==e "_ H<_. JC_ "= Qex J`x J^ L~K=.
P Qe J`x P[` J`# HOH# " "eQ g~ k. (34-36)
JQ "= `# H_ J`x J^[ L~K=. ">
H@_# xi~Kq, Q[D` Piì#q, H@x =Kq... W
OHOH # xO~K ` L<. ("=`x`) ''W^~` =
J#Q~. h= Hi#"iH ">x W=K ^ W=H~_ h ^QO @
H=K. ^xQi~z x# H J_Q@
~ [OQ^ (Jx J<O). J`x H~
=^QO ` H~_ ` H x^ ~, =~z O =#~ L<. (37-40)
= ^_ J Q^ q~K. J`# `# =x "_ H~@
''+`< ## f=^
H, `#H QiK_x J<_. (JC_ "=)
''H` <g^ `@. DKh <xH, `Q_xH W< ~ (J<O).
"=`xH J`x |~^ =Ox uiy O ~z WK=. i`@ J~`
=i H~îx H_ WKO. W^~` = " # J#Q ~Q k~KO. q[`,
q"K# HiH Q}O~ Q "g =$`~`~ O~@<O. (4143)
H J<=.
(J`x`) ''D< H@ fHx H@, =}x2 ~ QO K
"=`_ #jeQ, =Oz ^xQ, `# = " =>=>H =O x
Q Qi~K=. (44)
1. JQ_# `# H_Hx `# O[H O _Q K x fH#
xO
~ H=Kx H~Ô +HO Ja~.
2. [` J (J ) ^= =H. ^=_ Px F
~HO k Hey~z
sH~ Kê K_. J<H ~=Ò@ D k` P# ^ _ # @ `~k.
^x= P# i~^
=H q_z>O . |~^ q` H_
Y~P< "=$Ò
(38. ^)
501
= ^ W~, W M, Y# Qi~z q~K. gO~`

Q H jO xt`^$ +, H =O HO. "= F ` HH}
~
HO}~Q "ix =#~ K=. J^ O
H Q$xH ~|~k~z# z~`#.
"O =^$+
Z#H|_# }O+Q iQ}~ K|_O . (45-47)
(JQ) W, J , AH

# Qi~z H_ q~K.
gO H_ }O+. (48)
W^H *H (`^) . H#H
H
H"iH ` H~_ +" #
^, `"# O=< a. ^=cuO H~ OÔ
ZC_ ìKL~>. "O L^#=< "`>
k~_H P#Hx HOx,
Q u#_xH, `Q_xH OHO H ~_, h ` ~KH~>O.
i ^QO QeH~K ==# ~^s=} L~>O. W=h
qKO} OA k~K |_`x gH "Q#~ K<=. Wn "=
k~K Lk (Z~` J#q ~z<) Z#>H ÒQ x ` xk. (49-54)
Wn (^= cuO O =#~). ` ^g i# ÔO
H~ JuK_
x"=~k. J^ #OH~ . J~^ O == =_Ò. Jk O=
hK"# x~. J^ iH a~Kk. H#H HQ hO, p=,
<` O , =QO AQHO" # Ô# OzK_=# ix. (55-58)
(O #OH~H =#) `= J#KO=H# K ''DQ~ =#
^Qi H KO|_ =~k. "iH Z~> Q`~ ^ . O H_ Jy _
=_=# "~ (J~\O). H`Q =z#"O gi =@ qx ''H^, gO
(=H< =~^) He =_`<O. gH_ Z~> Q`~ ^ . gO
H^ =H Ôu `z>~ k! Z~` K_ x
qk!! J~>O. (59,60)
P`~` '' ! =H Ôu >~ z#"_H O>~ #OH
`# @
J~>O "O. uiy O O~ =>_ H~@ ''=#~ ~ K~ Ô# Q
Ô= O. XHO =`" P#H =K Hx@Hx L~_k. k
~Ô ~ Q `#H O K _~ | U^< ~ K, H~` J
(J ) `# OH =~^ HO_^| H_#x =}~ K L~>O.
z=iH P# ` K O=x K# O# # ^=_ PH~z P#H `
KH O_. ` KH i# Ò ` P# `# =}x <O O H=# =~
=z#C_ D H
O#|_#@ =~^ HO_ ^|H |^ =~^ D# Q
F D# H@ fHx O# XHi H@=~kQ ^=_ Px P^t~K_.
=}~ Q~ K H~_ =@ x@H <~^H JÔ} u D q^~ Q
K =Kx H~Ô +HO Ja_O . D Jax XH n H_
=i~k. ^= =H (~ ) sOH~ Q Z~` |#O# XH =aKi}x =~^
HO_ ^|H |^ =~^ D# Q H@` H>~ z tH~ KO. (=^ J^)
502
(38. ^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
q~z#O WH_H _ Hx~K_~ ^q >? =#~ # TiH #

K=? H =#H H#_H ~_ ZH_< L<O? J~>O (PO`).
Wk Ô~ . #OH" =^ WQ >@ [OQ`. (6164)
"iH KC : ''<# (` uOO O =#~ Qi~z) Ki~K"_
=`" . UH O_# J ` =O PO^ _ _ . P# OkH _
=HH, ">=^ L#">H [=x, =. P# JO
H ~ #_, Q H= je H_. W~HKC : ''W^H JÔ}"# Q"O.
W~> "O qx gO (H
< Ke~KH ~_) xOH ~ K < O. (65-68)
(K :) ''TO H ^ ù # q"Ô ~Qu < è^. <H
q+ k"q+$u Ô `<. <# L#k =#@ +~Q
è* Ki~K_xH <H =KO~ J~^*
|_`~k. (69,70)
h = ^=^`` ''<# =>` XH =#=_ $l~K`<#.
<#`_ iQ $l~z J`x (^ ~) < P` Tk# Ò ` gO`x H
QO= KH~ Q Ja^~ K e Jx J<_. (71,72)
D P[ HO~ ^= ^`~` (=#=x =~^) =~y Ja^~ KO.
Hx Wc =`~ Qi+_
aOay HO<_. (P q^~ Q) "_ `
uOO Ki_. (73,74)
JC_ q= ''Wc! U=~k hH? <# < `
$l~z# =#=xH Ja^~ K hH~_ x< q+ ~ xOk~z~k?
#= `Q Q"_ "? H #= U^< JQ
=Y H=H K~k# "_=x J#H~@<? Jx J_Q_. (75)
''<# J`x H< + _ . gO ## Jy` $l~KO. J`_ (Z~>
q=x) =>` $l~KO J<_ Wc. (76)
''J>Q<, J` #qH_~z ky. #= + _ q , O= ÔQ
_q. fOk#~ =OH h <~ L~@~k J<_ ^=_ (Wcx ) .
''! JQ` gO (=#=) uiy |_=OH <H Q_=x=
J<_ Wc (H~QO_ `). (7779)
''O JQ xs` = ~ =OH Q_ q< # J<_ ^=_.
''h QO=u+
H! (POA^H) hu=~`# h ê ` J~^s
<# î` L~># J<_ Wc. (8083)
''J` XHq+ ~ q#. <# Ô" K|`<#. x#, x##
i~K =#=~^s #OH~ " ^x x~" # J<_ ^=_. (84,85)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(39. A=~)
503
==^ (~ )! "iH KC : ''<h (Ô ) KO~ H~ g #~_

Z~> u
~ Pt~K_~ ^ . JnQH <# Q>
" " "Q_
H_ H#. D YOP< =` =#o H~ J=ì~z# `^~.
J#uH~< gH nx q H` Uq> `~ k. (86-88)
J=Ò}
: =H
39. |$~^ (A=~)
H: 75
D J^x ''A=O (|$~^) J~>O. Wk Jax =H

=~^ rH~ J^ ~=Ò~ J=ì~z#@ `~k. W~^
=H |^ O^H e L^t ~z `=~|# H~ `^ ~ K |_~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

Wk O H= ~`_, = q"H= ~`_# ^=x ^QO ~_ J=ì~z#
(k=)Q~^~. ==^ ()! "g Q~^x Ò ukH h ^QiH
~=. H#H h= XH ^=_ =`" POk L~_. h rq` q^<x
P# H" ` H~K.1 QO~KH, ~O Ô#O} ^=x H.
P# =ê WÒ # ~OHH Q, HQ K H#"~
''D ^" (qQ, ^=^` =QO $+`) ==e ^=x xkH
KO `x =`" "= g>x POk < OJ~>O.2 (W) "O qk
1. PO^# J~> H=~ *OO H^ q^
`, P*#, J<
H_ W~^ L<. nx|> =x+ *OO, ^#~, ~O},
O# , "H|_ Jh $+H O J# ^=xH =` iq`~ K _~` @,
P ^=xH iQ q^
_ P# P[x>h tO=~Ke.
JQ rq` q^<x P ^=x H" ` H~Kx D H
K |_~k.
=#= rq`~ J<H O~Q qi ~z L~k. =HQ ` O~Q~, =H O~Q~, H@~aH
O~Q~, =#=_ =#Q_ y~K, Ti =` O~Q
L<. H#H =#=_ P O~Qx>h ^=x H~ ` H~Ke. J~> P
O~Qx># ^=x P[e, P# =H (~ ) `=e =`" >~Kx,
>H =uOH" # Z~> P[#, q^<# >~KH _^x JO~ .
2. |Ô^H $+HO, q =# ^=_ XH_ Jx J~wHi~z
#>H qQ #, H$ uH
#, =` QO=# POk~K_xH O O~_ HO}
K|`<O. XH>, D '^=` `=# ^=x qxH Qx`x, ^=x ^QO
O K `=# Q>H x J~>O gO. O~_, UHQ` H~ =`" `=
qQ # =~^~KHx O# K=x =iH~Ô |^ O^H (=Y~Q
=#^~ ) K|Ò. Hx D O~_ ^# UHO#H qO^" # =x, U ^=`
#` O POk < O P ^=` i PO^# # O
H~ Y~_ x YOP<
x+OQ K|`~k. (10:29, 16:86 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.)
504
(39. A=~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
# ==O# Qi~z (fOk<#) ^=_ ` O_ i =^ fO

K_ . J|^HO, ` uOi J# U =x+H ^=_ <O~ K_ .
^=_ `#H~ Z=i<< H=OxQ K Hê P# `# $+`
`# Hi#"ix Z~KH~>_. Hx P# Z~` q`_, i^_ .
(J~> =#= |#`H Jf`_.) P# (=` $+OH
q, O=_#) ^=_. P# XH_. P< OkH _. (14)
P# =H# ` O ukH $+~ K_. P< Oux
Q>
g^, Q>
x Oug^ K> < _. (J~> Ou, Q
XH^x `~`
=OH> x=|^~ Q = `<.) OK~^ XH xs`H ~ =OH
x=|^~ Q ~Ki~K P< >x J^ L~K_. QO~ KH~_,
P# J^` H ~ #_, JO H= je. (5)
P< q=e UHH rq #~_ >~ K_. P, `
$+~ K_. q=e P# g` QO =_ pH> O L~z,
XH^x Ò ` XH>Q OH
# K < _. P< J . P< g
=, +H _, H_, q=*k<` . P# ` =O PO^ _,
_ . =i gO Z=i = _ "`<O? (6)
gO Jq ` ^=xHK #+" g ^ . P# xOHO _.
J` P#H `# ^ Jq =_~ W+~ ^ . gO Q#H H$`[`
K` P# ^x gH~ W+ _ ` _. ~` |O= "_ WÒ
|O= "_ . z=iH gO~` g = xkH =Oe= L~@~k.
JC_# gO (SH rq`~) U~ K~_O gH è*_.
P#H (g) $^ ~Ò "k q+ `~ `. (7)
=#=_ P^ =z#C_ `# =x "O@H ~>_. J`
J`x = J`xH `# J#Q ~ i~KQ<, J`# Q_ "O@H #
P^ =Oz WÒ e ^=xH >He _ . W J`# WÒ # H_
^==O~ #~_ `<_.'' H< `# Jq"Yi Ô [#~
~^=x K `xH. z=iH J`# ` H~_ #OHxH =~^. (8)
`~Q O =`
^=_ XH_ Jx XCH~@< PKO}
J<H
=~k P UH O_ POk~KH `<O. $+H O , =, +H _# J #
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=uOH~ Q #_K HO^x YOP< J<H q^Q K|`~k. J K H` O
H~
` #OH tH
KqK_= =~ ^x H_ YOP< Ki~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(39. A=~)
505
nxH a#~Q =OH =H L<_. J`# (^=xH, ^= =HH ) q^

_
Ou (O#K) x|_`_ ~Q_`_. OH~ ZÔ
i}=# Qi~z
_ `~>_. `# = HO}x Pt~ >_.
''W~> =H + _ H J`<? (` ~ Qi~z) è#, èx
XH>< ? Jx J_Q "ix. (=) `^# |k=~` HiO . (9)
(=H! <=@ "i` W)J#: ''q~z# <Ô! g
=H _~_. (`H~~` @) WH~ ^KO} Yi
J=~a~z#iH " [OQ`~k. ^=x q q~Q L~k. (XHK@
gO ~`~Q îH rq`~ Q_
x i` UO_` =OK>H =
=K.) #~ =~KiH JO }
~ a ~ k. (10)
D ~Qu KC : ''Ô x ^=xH =`" ` H~z Px POk~K
x <HP[ W=|_~k. JnQH J~îH~> =~^ <# q^
} (=~ )
J L~_x H_ <H P[~k. ''XH" <# < =H Jq^

}`, =<_ ZÔ tH Qi~z
_ `<#x H_ KC .
W KC : ''<# =@H < Ô x (rq` q^<x) ^=xH ` H~z
Px =`" POk#. Px =ê gO HOH#"ix l~KH~_
(<HK #+" g^ ).
k<# `#H, `# O
H #+~ Hey~K
H< "_ J kHO. Q `H~_, J^ +" # k. (1115)
"ix (#OH~ ) #~_, H~k#~_ Jy Q_Q (*) P=i~z
L~>. W~> ^+O=#~ #~_ (H_H=x) ^=_ `# ê
Ki<_. H#H <Ô! <PQ~ #~_ `~KH~_. (16)
q^ê POk~K_~ =< (x[)^=x " =O"iH O
L~k. H#H (=H!) q+ x ~`~Q PH~z, J~^x =~zx J#
i~K"iH O qx~K. ^=_ <O~ K#"O gO. gO qA.
Z=i q+ ~ (^= )tH Qi~z xO
~ [iy~^ J`_ H Z=O H_
QÒ? Jy _#_ h= H_Q? q=H _
`^# Q}~Q rq`~ =KH<"i H~ (O~ ) J~`
iQ xi~K
|_# PHO L<. "> H~^ (K>) O =
L~>. Wk ^=x "Q#~. ^=_ `# Q<x Z#>H ~ QO K
_ .
^=_ PH~ #~_ =Ox Z Hi<_ gO Q=x~K^?
P# uiy P =O h>x "Q, =~H, #^ O~ <H
=~* < _. P h>Ô OHO H ~@ ~_ < _. "> H_
qa#OH L~>. P `~` P ~@ ~_ Z~_`. JC_q
506
(39. A=~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
KQ =O_~ H_ gH Hx~k. z=iH ^=_ ">x @

@Q K_ . x~^ ~Q W~^ |k=~`H Z~` Q}O~ L~k.
^=_ XH =x+ $^ H>x W~ H~ Ò _ . ^~` J`#
`# = #~_ a~z# H~u=O~ #__. J~> =H, (=
K# #~_ Q}O~ <O Hx"_ =#=Ò)? ^=x `^`
=i~` Hi# $^ # "iH H_ =_~k. "O iQ =~ +

O. (1722)
^=_ J`~` +"# "} J=ì~*_. W^H Q~^~. ^x
Qh XH^xHH> Jq<=~|~^~ Hey L<. W~^ q+
J<H O #O=$`=. q =H
_ O D } q#Q<
"i O= xH_KH~> "i sO [î "i $^
"`| _ ^=x =# " Q` . Wk ^=x `}. nxÔ
^=_ `# `z# "ix îH `_ . P# î ` ~K^
z# "iH
=O=O îKO . (23)
k<# =Y~ O" # `#H QO _ Z~` `_ e

`_ gO" < T~KQ
O? J~> ÔO
` (^= ^`) ''gO
K*` K H# HO O =#~ WH KqKH~_ J~>O. (24)
giH O~ H_ J<H= ~k WQ (^= =H
#) uO i~KO. z=iH
i O T~Kx " #~_ (^= )tH qOKH_~ k. ^=_ "iH SH
rq`~< J==#~ KqK~K_. O
H tH W~`H~ > f=~Q, O~Q
L~@~k. gs q+ x Q Z~` Q~_! (25,26)
[ $H =K~^H YOP< J<H Ò} O<~.
"O ^+O=#~ #~_ ` ~KH=_xH "= nx ("iH è#) JOc
+ J=ì~* ~. W~^ Z~> =~H, =` U=`~ =.
^=_ XH LÔ} W< _, (q#~_): XH =x+ L<_. J`xH
=H=## J<H= ~k [=#<O. i uXH_ J`_ `#
" Q`~>_. nxH a#~Q =OH =H L<_. J`# iQ XH
[=xH xQ L<_. =i giî iu XH>< ? (H^.) H
`
H ^=_ JO_. Hx K=~k J*<~^H O~ _L
<O. (2729)
(=H!) h= K== L~k "O K== L~k. z=iH gO~`
k<# g = xk gg ==O " _Ò. (JC_

Z=O J|^HO ``~k.) WH ^=x J` ", `~
=~^H =z#C_ ^x uOi~z#"_ H~> O= ÔO_
Z=O~>_? W~> JqH #OH~ K@ ^? (30-32)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(39. A=~)
507
`x fHz#_ (^==H), J`_ #q#"O (^=)tH

^~OQ LO_O. "iH `= = #~_ `= HOH# u ==
a ~ k. Wn $^ H a~K H$`
~. ^=_ i (Q` rq`~
x) # "i H #~_ q#~z, `~ O PKi#
ÒH `y# u
~ k_ . J~^H D UO@ [OQ`~k.
=H! ^= ^H ("i # <O" O _xH) XH ^=_ K_?
gO ^=_ =ê ^"Ò H U^ Kx x# _<O. Hx
^=_ î `~K^z# "_H =O=O î KO. JQ P#
î K^
z# =x+x =O=O î ` ~KO . ^=_ O H= ~`_
H^? P# (`KH~> "iH) fHO~ K _? (3337)
h= Q#H D =H# Z=~ $+~ KOx J_y` O ^=_#x
` H~_ J~>O. "iH KC : ''O, ^=_ <H^< H+~ Hey~Kê
gO ^=_ H^x i # q^^ #h P^ #~_ H_Q
?
h ^=_ ## HO }~Kê DH
P# HO}x J_H Q?
< ^=_ K. #=H<"O ^=_ #=H~>O.3 (38)
"iH +~ Q W K: ''< *u[O! gO K e# x
gO K ~_. <# K e#x <# K#. =# L
Z=i g^
J==#HO" # P^ =z _ `~^, P `~` `~Q L~_ (#OH)
`# Z=ix K@=_ gH Ò< `~ k. =H! "=
=` =#oH~ D ` i` Q~^x h J=ì~* O. H#H
Z=O <O~ J=~aO Jk iH [#Hi J=`~k. =O=O
_î > Ò ^x= "O #+ Ò. "i ^ ` h ^ . (3941)
=O}=~ P` n#~ K H<_ ^=_. P# =O}~
Kxi P`# x^=
n#~ K H~>_. Ò ` P# Z=i
q+ ~ =$`xO
~ fH~>_ i P`# fHx, qye#i
Pè XH xs`H ~ H~ "#H ~`_.4 ~` $^ ~` z~K
i H~ W~^ Q K#<. (42)
3. D ~Ô ~ Q ==H (~ ) =z~z# XH =`H q#~_. P# W
=z~KO: ''[~î H H= ~`_ H^KH# =H ^=_ #=Hx P#
g^ O~ " e. J~îH~> Q u O _ H^KH# =H `# ^QO # ^xH~>
^=x ^QO (O~ ) L#^x g^ ZH= #=H~ @He. JQ J~î H~>
ZH= QO=h_ H^KH#_ J`~` QO=h_, =#`_# ^=xH
_ ` L~_e. (W J)
4. x^=
H_ P` ^ ~ #~_ "=_ ZH_H _ uOQ`~k. JC_
P`H, ^ xH =^ u H Q}~H =" ^ L~@~k. D=" P O~_>x iQ
508
(39. A=~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
J~> ^=_ =ê gO WÒ e O HO

Q K H<O! i#
_Q: ''Z~> JkHO~ H < "O O K QO? KC : ''=
==O OK JkHO~ ^=xH =`" L~k. =H
O*kHOO P# Ku< L~k. P# ^Qi H gO uiy=L~k.
UH ^=_ Qi~z =# =z#C_ OH~ #=H~xi
=M "_ =_KH`. Px =ê WÒ e Qi~z q
K, "i =M XHiQ kq> "ey`.5 (4345)
H#H hq "_H: ''^! =H $+HO! J~Ò #,
QKO JQKO q+# Ziy#_! h" [ =^ O qk#
q+ # Qi~z fO K_q. (46)
XH" ÔO ^QO H~x =` i~^H O>~ i
~^~>, k<# HeQ O=hK"# OtH #~_ |@
_~^H P ~^ #~`>h ()iO~ H~^ W=_xH ^_Ò.
(J< "O tH# ~_ ` ~KHO .) JH_ ^=x " #~_ iH O
Z#_ T~Kx Ô}~ =z _ `~k. "i HO ^+e `h "i
=~^ ` H= =`. (DOA) O J ~ K # ^ (O ) "ig^
qOKH_ `~k. (47,48)
=#=_ U^< P^ =z#C_ ==e "O@H ~>_. JC_
""^< Q~ k ''Wk <H# *#~ (Q`) = a~z~^x
q_x=H~_ > L~K`~k. P == `y` P` ^ ~ #~_ iQ "O

`~k. J~> =O}~ ~q ~ k. ^=_ xk# F =x+ q+ ~ =$`
xO
~ fH#C_ D u H == x `~z" J`x ^ ~ #~_ P`# iQ
n#~ K H~>_. =$`xO
~ fHH` D u H == x `~z" H~_
`èH~Q n#~ K H# J`x P`# uiy J`x ^ ~H =k_ .
XH ^_ H J~^" # |~Q L#@, HO +HO H_# @, O
@ Q Q J#q # @ K_ . P =~ `# F z# iH
x= # x+^ i ^}x, H
^H JC =xy=# ÔQ }x, O
Hh=
O H_ fOx Ô^$ += ~`}x U =`~ q~K_ . Hx H H Kî Q<
= ~ qH$`<@~ K J`x H =~^ Hx~ k. J^q^~ Q SH rq`~ H_
J~^" # H~>^. Jrq`~ =O}#~Ò~ =K O
H rq`" . `" # P
O
Hrq`~ H H ~_ M =`" J#q ~K_xH WH~< `
Ô ~ Hi~z ^KO}
H xO~Ò~ H$+K L~_x DH =#H K|`~k.
5. D Ô} ^^ =` |^ O^H Hx~ k. z=iH D *_~
Ô^$+=` =~H H_ H~k. gO H ^=_ q~K~ J~>O. Hx P
UHH ^=_ Qi~z Z=O< q~> 'D =x+ ZC_ K< ^=_ Qi~K
=>_ `_. ^=x H
# =b, =O+~> W`xH y@^ J~>O.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(39. A=~)
509
J~>_`# . H^, W^H sH. Hx K=~kH D = ~ è^. (49)

W~> =@ O~ H_ K=~k (=_ ) J<O. Hx "O
~k~z#k "iH U=`~ LQ_^. z=iH O `= HO
^+e `~ J#q OKO. JQ (D<_) gix ÔO
H_ Ò<
`= HO ^+e `~ J#q O . gO =#~_ Uq^~ Q# ` ~KHO .
^=_ `# `z# q^~Q H~îH +~Q, H~îH ~Q
Lk x< _x "iH è^? q~KiH W~^ J<H K#
L<. =H! ("iH <=@Q) WKC : ''P`=~K#H _# <
Ô! ^=x HO}~ @ xOK~ ^H~ _. ^=_ ` H~_ g x
>h Hq _ . P# Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (5053)
H#H g (^= )tH =z, gH Z~> ~ a~Kx iu OH
=~^ `~ ` g = " =O~_ P#H iQ q^
~
~_. JQ gO U=O@ L#C_ O`Q g (^= )tH qOKH
_H =~^ g = ~# +" # Q~^x J#i~K~_. (54,55)
(gO K H`) P Ò ` gO ''^=x q+ ~ <<~ ` O@
K#, Q <# (^=Ôx) J~ K#i Ki<! Jx
qKi~K ==~ k. ^ ''J! ^=_ <H <O~ K=~>
<# H_ HH"i KO}! Jx `_= =~k.
^ ^= tH# K ''=O J=H~ a <# H_ ^KO ~#
KO `<! Jx ^ _ ==~ k. (JC_`x H) ''J=H~ Z~^H a~K
^ , h ^Qi H < H
=K. h= ">x xOHi~K=. Qi+ J
Jq Ki= (Jx =^#~ a~k). J~> i`
OH_^ =! (56-59)
DOA ^=x q+ ~ J|^_i û x O
k<# h=
K=. POA "i =M #|_ `. J~HOH #OH~ K@
^?
H
"Y i J=~a~z#"iH =`~ ^=_ i q[O
HO}~Q "H~ k_ . "iH Z~> ^Y~, H L~_=. (60,61)
(q~x) uJ}=H ^=_ $+HO. P< = $+x O
"H<_. =H xHH K~k# `K= P# Ku<
L<. ^=x H
uO i~K~ z=iH #+ O. (62,63)
=H! "ix J_Q: ''J*#O! J~@C_ gO ^=_ =ê
WÒ e POk~K=x <H K|`<O?- ''gO ^=xH WÒ e >He
gO K (=~z)# (H_) =O= =`, gO O~Q #+ Ò
510
(39. A=~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Jx h^QOH, hH O~ =z# =H~î ^QOH k"q+$u (=)

~|_~k. (D q+O "iH +OQ KC.) (=H!) h= =`~ UHH
^=_ POk H$À
# ^ Ki. (64-66)
"O
^=xH q= W==# q^~ Q q= W=<^ . #O`#
k<# =` =~_~ P# _He L~@~k.6 =` #
=~_~ P# H_Ku (K) K@|_L~@~k. gO K # |
^ O^# H P# Z~` Jf`_, O= q`_. (67)
POA cHO ~MO=~` =Hx r=Oh Kz _ `.
HH` ^=_ r=~Q L~_^z# } =`~ Hx r=~Q
L~>. P `~` =Oi ~MO=~ Qq~K|_`~k. ^~` = r=
H> XHiQ z K_<O~a ~ k. (68)
Ô} `# = *u` ^n=#~Q "ey`~k. HOQ~^~
fH O|_`~k. ^= =H
, H " @|_Ò. (JC_) =#=
=^ i <~Q ~~ # fO W=|_`~k. "iH J}=`~ H_
J<~ [OQ^ . u =x+H J`# K H# HO # |> iu
~
a ~ k. =#= K # #h ^=xH Q `. (69,70)
M` `` "` P O=x QOÔ W # x O<O:
FOA XH`# U^ HL~_ Kx# F =h_ ~ H~ Ji < _.
<#`_ K '^= ^_! ^=_ Ji~K J<#. <=@ qx J`# =~__ _ .
Ò ` [, J`_ < Qi~z <# =bH =uOH# x J<_x è*O.
6. XHi ^= =H (~ ) =^ "kH x|_ ~ y D H i~ z#
Ò ` W è*O:
^=_ (
k<#) =H# (=` Q #) `# KuH fHx
_ |~ux u#@ uC` ''<# UHH ^=_, <# (q)KH=ix. <# O H
=~`_. <# = " Q =#`_. WH ~ K # P KH=O
ZH_
L<O? UO x~`? U=O P J~HO? Jx J~>_.
^= =H () W K|` P^=H ~ TyQO. P ^$~ K~ _#
J#KO (~l) P# "kH #~_ _ Ò #x
_ O. (|Mi)
J~> ^=xH WÒe > He~KH~_, WÒ H_ ^ "O
PH~z `= HO fOÒx #=_~ `^# Q}~Q =i~K_~ P#H =#=
|#` Pk~K_~ $+H O , [=x, =# ^=x @ += ~# q
`H KO J=`~k. H= O~Hx ~=~# ~Q iQ}~ K |_`~k.
''+~ J< D ~xH =x+ |uH~_Q H= } HOHx <O~ J=~
a~KH `, =O}#~Ò rq`~ Z~` `~ K~k< [#~ L~_^ .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(40. "q<)
511
(fO =y# `~`) Jqe Q~ Q~Q #OH~ " `

H O . J "O #OH~ ^Qi H KO H# `~` #OH^ O Ò= |_`.
P O^~O ÔH ''g ^QiH g (*u)[ #~_ ^=
=H O^? "O gH g= H qx~K^? D<_
(ZÔ i}=e) Qi~z (P<_) "O q=e Ki~K^ ? Jx
J_QÒ "ix.
^xH "O ''=KO. (Ki~KO H_.) Hx ` uOOH #OH
tH (ZC_) xO
" ~k Jx =^#qO . JC_ ÔH
''J` #OH~ H _~ _. WH giH_ ZHO _L
~>O. Qi+
H xO
~z# D #OH~ O= K_
~ Jx J~>O. (71,72)
WH q =H
_ ` `^# Q}~Q rq`~ Q_ # ix `~_
`~_Q O~ " fH=_~ [OQ`~k. J "O O~ ^QOH
KO H~>O. JH_ O^ O =~^ Ò= |_ L~>.
JC_ OH "ix Ô~Q Px ''gH ~f
Q HQQH! gO Z~` =~zO. WH `~Q W~^
"t ~z LO_~_ Jx J~>O. (73)
^xH "O =^#q ''H ~ ^=xH a. P#
=H K# Q#~ <O"iK_. ==e Ô}H OQ K_.
WC_ "= HOH# K@ x~ UOOK HQ~ Jx J~>O. H#H
^KO ~#H (D q^~ Q) J`~` +" # u
~ a ~ k. (74)
JH_ h= (= J^`x) K=. ^= ^` k=~#~ K@
=~Q UO_ `= = B#`x ~ , P# q``# Hx
_`~>O. =#=H i<~ KH O|_`~k. (P ~Ô ~ )
''O H =H H
`! J< H =OQ`. (75)
J=Ò}
: =H
40. q ("q<)
H: 85
D J^x ''"q< J~>O. Wk 39= J^~ (|$~^)

`~` .. 5 =H J=ì~z~k. |^ O^H ^= =H (O )
^Z`# ^+KO~ y, Px J~`"~k~K_xH OHOH H@
#`# OAq. XHOA ^==H (O) H=~kO~ O# K~>
LM J< "_ P# "_H `~_Q_ " "euC` QQ_.
J~` J||HO (Ol) =z J`_ J=`H <> ^==H ()# H_O.
D J^~ ^=_ ~@## Oi~KHx JqH
` uOO O =#~ Qi~z Ki~K_. #OH q+ `@ Q`~
512
(40. "q<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^==He uOi~z <#=# O<, MO< Qi~z q~K_.

P Ò` O< ÔO `~ Qi~z xO~Q K>K# XH q
gOQ^# q, J`xH =uOH~Q Z< H@, HH x#"iH
Z~> Ôu >~^ è =H Jqe Ki~K_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

-g". Wk = H= ~`_, O A_# ^=x ^QO ~_ J=ì~z#
Q~^~ . P# Hq ~K_ `~ ` K# "_ H# Hi~K
_ Hi# ~Q tH~ K_ Z~` LÔ =_ H_. P# ` =O
PO^ _ _ . P# ^Qi H J~Ô =Oe= L~k. (1-3)
^=x H
q+ ~ H$` , ` uOO ` ~ K~
=O=O _ ^~ K O. (iH Z@ #~H
`# ` =.) J~^=
O ~ K~ (" `~Q "ey`) uOQ_ ~ K h= "H_^
=! iH O~ #*u uO i~z~k. P Ò ` H_ J<H *`
uOi~K. u*f `# =H# @H=_xH J`x ~~z~k.
O~` `= zHZ`Q_` `x O=_xH u~KO.
J` z=iH <# "ix @H <#. WHK _. < tH Z~` Hi# "# ^!
J^q^~ Q ` uOOxH _#O~` #OHyH q^
=Òx
h = K# xO
~ H_ i q+ ~ J= [iyfO`~k. (46)
q = ~<x Zu@
H # ^= ^`, ^x K@ x|_#
^= ^` J~` `= = B#Ò Hi , P# q``# i< O.
Px (^$_~ Q) q < O q~z#"ix Hq ~K=x W iO :
''! h= hHO}~`, h *#~u` u ==# i"+~z
L<=. H#H `~ K~k h =O~ J=~a~z#"ix Hq ~K. "ix
#OH
`# #~_ H_. ! h= "iH "Q#~K# ` O= <
"ix "t~*. "i è^~_, O [##"ix
H_ (O= < "i` @ KO ). x[~Q h= Jkf H ~ #
_=, J^` q"H= ~`_=. "ix P^
, J#O #~_ H_.

k<# h= Z=ix P^
, J#O #~_ H_` "ix h= H>H~ z
#>. J^ #q[~, O= "H~ . (7-9)
k<# (^= ^`) ` uOOe ZQu ez i` W

J~>O: ''DOA gH g Z~` H~ =# ^, (`x) q~K=x
q=e ~ > gO ^x (_Kq # _) uO i# C_ ^=_
g@ J~`H~ > ZH= PQ ^Q_ _. (10)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(40. "q<)
513
^xH O '' ! h= =H x[~Q O~_O =$`= Hey~z,

O~_ O }~ =. WC_ "= = O@ XCH~@<=.
=i "= WH_~z |@_ =O~ U^< L~^? J~>O. (11)
''(WC_ g~CH<k, P<_=~k g |k?) P<_ UHH ^=x
" ez#C_ gO (= =@) xOHi~_O. J^ (=O=O<)
^ = x` @ W` O e H e gO ( ~ `+ ~ Q) X C H < O .
DHO}~Q< gH Ôu >~ k. (WH n#~z gO |@_ H ^ .)
xO
kHO~ WC_ O" #`_, OkH _# ^=x Ku L~k (Jx
"iH =^#~ a ~ k). (12)
P< gH `# xÔ < K < _. P< gH~ PH~ #~_
(=O~ Ô) Lkx<_. Hx P#" `~` =OO (D
xÔ < Ô) Q}O~ <O H~>O. (qO!) Jq Z~`
J ~KH< O, g rq` q^<x ^=xH ` H~z P< i~K~_.
P# =#`" # ^, J~`
H_, (OkHO) ~<
xH Jku. P# `# ^ `# `KH# i `# P^~`
kq+$u J=ì~* < _. "O O
H ="~ OA Qi~z K
i~K#^ nx L^ ~. POA =#=~` xO@~H~Q =~^HO .
^=x ^QO "O U q+ h ^KO . (JC_ "ix ZQu e z) ''DOA
O=`~ Z=i^x J_QÒ. (^xH =`$+) ''K~_#_#
UH Ox^ (J~@~k). (1316)
POA u =x+H J`# K H# HO H u
~ a ~ k. POA
Z=iH Z~> J<~ [OQ^ . H K_>xH ^=xH Z~` @^ .
=H! Ju gxH =z=# (
)k#~ Qi~z [e
@.
POA Q~_ (Q
=~@) Q~`H =. [ >_ ^Mx
|=~`~Q kQq~Q` <O=Hx x~>O. ÔOH U
Pq`_ a~K_. "iH#H~Q O KO H_ Z=O
L~_O . "i O J~wHi~K_~ [OQ^ . ^=xH (=#=) ^~QK ,
("i) $^ ^y# O ~`~ `. ^=_ i <~Q,
x+H`~Q fO K_. (|Ô^H) ^=_ =ê i#
q^^ U q+ ~# fO K =. x~^ ~Q ^=_ (O ~)
q<_, K_. (1720)
gO ~ K~ Z#_ O >~K^ ? O > Q` *` Z~>
Qu >~^ giH èk H^? giH~> O Z~` H=~`. "O
514
(40. "q<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
~ K~ gi H~> Z~` J^` z =ê>O . J` "O K#

H ^=_ "ix @H <_. JC_ ^=x @ #~_ ix U H
H_H ~k. "iH Ôu @_ xH HO}~ "i ^QO H "i =H

K#, H `z< ">x "O #=_xH xOHi~KO. z=iH
^=_ "ix @H<_. ^=_ J`~` H=~`_. P# tH K
Hi# ~Q L~@~k. (21,22)
"= =H = xÔ<, +"# x=H =} Wz
O <, =<, MO< ^QO H ~=. Hx "O (J`# `z# `x
xOHi) ''h= =~uH_=, J` =~`_= J<O. (23,24)
P Ò ` = = Ò # ` ~(` H_# J<H ==) "i
=~^H fH=K_. (^~` K=~k Wb =H
J#KO QO. Hx P ÔOH =`~ H#qC H^.) "O
(= J#KO
``~ $+~ K~^H) ''`x q~z J`x`
H#"i =Q
# `=O~_. "i P_
e =`" r=~Q
=ê@~_ J<O. Hx ` uOO zHg O^ . (25)
FOA O < ` # ^ ` ''## =^ ~_ , < # =#
K~fO`. J`# `# =# "O@Hx=~_ (U==`~^ K^~).
W`x Ô} K~ > W`# g =`x, g r=# =# =i"_x
<H J#=#~Q L~k. ^ W`# (=#) ^~ JOKH#<
$+~ K=K Jx J<_. (26)
= (O< ki~e U=`~ MÒKH~_) ''OH
fOk<x #=x u J~Hi i#~_ <# < =, g = J#
^=x O}
~^# J<_. (27)
P ~Ô ~ O <=~xH K~k# XH q `# qx |O` ~
KH~_ W J<_: ''gO XH =Hx H=~ `# = ^=_#x
J#~` =`# `=OO? J`# g = #~_ g ^QOH
HÔ fHK_. XH" J`# Kk J|^"` J`x J|^~
J`xH K@H ~@~k. JQH~_ J`# Kk, K~Kk x[" J`,
J` # K i # ~H O ^ + i}= H#< g
qOKH_@~ M~. J|^HO, ^gi =i~K_H ^=_
Z#>H <O| k k~K_ .
'< *u[O! DOA gH =[ "=~ L~k. ^~ g
PkH `, JkHO K=} J=`< (x[). Hx (U H}
~ #<
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(40. "q<)
515
O`Q) =# ^=tH qOKH_` =#H=O ~ KO?

O < (J`x =@ \O KHH~_) ''<# =`~ <H =~[=x
`z# gH < #. <# q=e ~ # î< #_ < # J<_.
^xH q W J<_: ''ÔO! (g Ô} K~>) Q`
*`H î~z# î< =~>q gH_ î"#x <H
~Q L~k. Q`~ #*uH, P^*uH, =^*uH, P `~` H_

J<H *`H î< î~K. ^=_ =`~ (J#=O" # tH
`)
`# ^H J<~ K #H_. (2831)
''Ô O! "O, HH
> k#~ (H_) gH î~ ^" #x
<#
_ < #. POA gO ( ~H~) XHOHO KH~@
(H~QOQ) J@ W@ O Q` ` O. Hx JC_ q=e ^=x @ #~_
H_~ L~_O . ^=_ î` ~z# "_H =O=O î K~KO .
''Q`~ (=H) H_ g ^QO H HÔ fHKO.
Hx P# `^# gO J#=x~KO. P# Kx# Ò `
gO WH ^=_ U =H# Z> iu H_ ~_x J<O.
J^q^~ Q ^
gi (`x) J#=x Z~> PÔ,
=} H~_< ^=x H q+~ _^~ K u =Hh
^=_ î` _ . ^=x ^$+
<QH, q ^$+
H_ D"Y i K
"~ #k, J#z`" # k. JQ ^=_ J~HO~, àO`<
Q u ÔO_ $^ H> =" _ . (3235)
O < (=i~` àO` =>_ `) ''=<! <H~ XH Z`
#
QO~ H\~ K. <# (^xg^H ) PH=OH KO Hx JH_ = PO
k~K ^=_ L<_ _ `~yK#.1 <H` W`# z J|^HO
H#_`<_ Jx J<_.
Dq^~ Q O <H J`x Ôh =<O=~#qQ K |_.
J`_ <O~ J=~a~KH ~_ xOk~K|__ . O < x# ^+ <Q
h (J`x) q<xH îf. (36.37)
q~z# =H W J<_: ''< *u[O! <=@ q#~_. <#
gH ~~ # =O~ K`#. Ô O! D ~zH rq`~ =<
=K@ =`" . (=#) `x~ O
H~ L~k. ^+O K#
iH i ^+Oe |> u~ a~k. JQ <, O+<
1. q=OH 28:38 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
516
(40. "q<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
`x q~z ^KO ~#~ L~> O~ "t O . iHH _

Jiq`" # Lk a ~ k. (38-40)
''Ô O! Uq>, <# q=e
~ " ~ > gO ##
#OHy " Q`<O? ^=_ uO i~z, <<O Q x H
# P#H >
He~K=x K|`<O <H? <# =@H O H=~`_, H=je
P# ^=x " q=e < #. (41,42)
''gO ## (PO^#) U ^"ÒH " <O >
(^=`x)H W@ ~K~#, J@ OH~# Z~> q=^.
=#=~` (z=iH) ^=x ^Qi H =Oe= L~@~k. J` ^g i
=i~KO =`~ #OHxH Ò. DOA <# K^~` gO QOK

H< =~ XHOA ` H~_ =~ k. <# =`~ < ==Ox ^=xH
Jy< #. P< `# ^H ~OHH _. (43,44)
z=iH ^=_ "O x# H@, HH
# ==K P qx
H__. O < J# O q`
zHHx O <#=O.
(P<> #~_) "ix uOE L^ ~, ~`~ #OHy =~^ "
k#~ =z#C_ ''O < J#e f=
@_~ [OQ`#k.2
=# (#OH) `# "t ~*
~_ Jx P[ J=`~k. (45,46)
`~` O #OH~ OO~ k~KH~>O. |# `=
<H` ''"= gH q^
L~_~ H^, WC_ ==b #OH
^ #~_ gO" < H_Q
O? Jx J_QÒ. ^xH <H ''WH_
=#=~` XH u zHHx L<O. ^=_ `# ê QiOz (J~u=)
fiK_. (WH ^xH uOQ^ ) J~>O. P `~` #OH~ _# O
#OH H` ''= tH# XH O*< `y~ K=x g =# i~K~_
J~>O. (4749)
^xH #OHH ''g ^QOH g =H xÔ< fHx
O^? Jx J_QÒ. "O ''=KO~>O. ''J` gO "O@H~_.
Jq "O xO Q" J=` Jx K|Ò #OH H.
2. =#= Kx# ^QO ~z
c` ~ J#~Ò~ #O`# k#~
=OH i P`~_ u x ''P" |OM (`H~) J~>O. D u `H
uOE L^ ~, ~`~ i z=i Q=#~ #OHO K_~ [OQ`~k. JQ
}`H uOE L^ ~, ~`~ i z=i Q=#~ O~ K|_
`~k. JnQH O
H fOk#~ =OH `H #OH tH
H~> H èH> tH

H_ L~>. }`H O M H~> H~K~ `H = M k~K
|_`. (7:40, 8:51 H
^ zH H_ K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(40. "q<)
517
518
(40. "q<)
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QO~ KH~_, "= =H

#, q~z#"ix WH rq`~#
P^H~>= (O
H <#~) H x|_ OA# H_ "ix
P^H~>=. JC_ ÔO
H "i H= } U=`~ L Q_ ^ .
"i Ja~ _ `~k. "iH O= K_x ~ a ~ k. (5052)
K_~_, "= =H Z =O^ O #~ K"! W ~ù
ix "= (Ò`) Q~^xH "O Q K=. J~^ q[` q"K#
Hi H~ `^ ~ , =O^ O H` ~ L<. (53,54)
H#H =H! #~ =~K. ^=x "Q#~ x["# k. (Jk ` H~_
<O" O `~k.) h O@# Qi~z H= } HOH. L^ ~, ~`~
h = (B#`x) u P# (q` <=)# i L~_. (55)
H~Ô `= =^ Z~> =}O OH< ^=x H
q+~ q`~_^~ KO. i $^ `"^ Q=#
J~HO~ u+" L~k. Hx `= q~gQ`# P Q`<xH "O Z#>H
KOHO. H#H h= ("i ^+<Q i#~_) ^=x O}"_H.
P# =~ K< _, q~@<_. (56)
=#=e $+~K_~ H< =He $+~K_" QHO~. Hx
K =~kH = ~ è^. Q_ _, H #_ =# HO. JQ
`x q~z# ^KO~ #_, hu #_=_H
x Ô# _ H_
=#~ HO. Hx (q+ x) gO |`H = Q O .
~ `
H~_ =~ k. Hx K=~k nx #=H `<O. (57-59)
g = K|`<_: ''## i~K~_, <# g O# Hi#.3
J~HO~` ## POk~K_xH J~wHi~KxO hK #OHxH Ò.
gO q~u fH=_xH gQ Ou"# $l~z#_ ^=_.

(# K H=_xH gQ) Q>
x H=~`~Q K# _ H_ P<.
x~^~Q ^=_ =#= @ Jq` ^Q_. Hx K=~k
(P#H) H$`[` K_~ ^ . (60,61)
(g H~ W^~` K# ) P ^=_ g =. P# O $+H O .
P# ` =O PO^ _ _ . =i g~ _î > `<O? J^
q^~ Q ^=x H
xOHi# "O~` _î > `<O. (62,63)
P ^=_ gH~ qx x
~Q, PHx ~kiQ xi~K_.
P< gH XH Oxz Z~` J~^~Q =eK_. J~`H^, P#
gH i^ Ô# H_ LkQ k~K_. (W~> $+H Oh
K#) P ^=_ g =, O= ^H_, OH =. P#
=`" `^ r=_. P#` =O PO^ _ _ . (H#H) gO g
r=# q^<x P# H~ ` H~z Px =`" i~K~_. H
q^ ` P#H a. (64,65)
"iH KC : ''gO ^=_ =ê i # ^" ` O H e POk~K=^x
## "i~K_~ [iy~k. < = #~_ < ^QO H xÔ < =K.
<# O H =H q^
_ L~_x <H P[~k. (66)
P< q=e =>` $l~z#_. Ò` P# q=e gO
a~^= Ô f, <` >
=^Q K, P t=Q O~k~z >~ K_.
P `~` gO i H =OH KO H< =OH q=e ~K`<_.
z=iH gO =$^ ~H J_Q> =OH =$kK < _. (J`) g
H~îx (H =H ^ =$^xH KO HH) =~^ "#H e~K
3. H+ M, # , H_ " Jh $+H O , qH_# ^=x Ku<

L<. P< O O_, JÔ} H ~ #_. P# `# ^ "O#
Z~> =^=O H~_< `H~Q q~>_ `# `KH#iH ~
H_ K_ . H#H =#= Z> i` ZÔ< P< "_ He.
D HOHO} ~ K~x [ =#O, ^# ~`
g XHi ^
H Ô~K =, i J=O fO=. JC_ ^ JÔ} H ~ #_
(Super Natural Power)x "O@H=_xH ^=
=Ò. P JÔ} H ~ #_,
$+H O , O O_# ^=_ Jx Qi~Ke. Px =ê $+` # "_ H<O
~ K~ `èH [#~ ~^Qe y< O x (+O )H _# O=Ò.
x["# q~ Hey# =~ P< "_ H~>O.
J` "O@H <O `= uH `` @ D H~k q+
H_ Q=x~Ke:
''XH =~ HOxH ^ |~^ = @ xO

H ~|~k~z# q+ ~
QH~_ =O^< q+~ ^P ("_H) K#C_ ^=_ J`x
^P# =_ O #~_ U^ XH O~ Hi_ . J`x ^P# D
~K~< Hi_ ^ J`xH OH~ u~ W=_xH ^x ^
O _ ^ P ^P x q+ xH =# Q U^< P^# J`x g^
_H ~_ xOk_ . (=^ J^)
''`# ^P# ^=_ ` H~_ Hi_# Q> #=H~` K e. (uil)
''=x+ `~Ô @` '<# Z~`Q< "_ H<#, K O "_ H<#.
Hx < "_ H Hi~K|_ K# H#O=_~ ^ Jx K J
"_ H=_~ =<_ . J~> `~Ô @ xHO^. (=~ )
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`y< (^xH~ H_) ^=_ "_ He. (uil)
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(40. "q<)
519
H~@<_. gO xs` (=$`) =xH KO H<~^H W K < _.

JnQH gO "q H`# (J~> rq` O= Ox) Q ~K_xH_ W
K < _. (67)
P< gr=#O}H HOH_. P# U^< K^KH~>
'J Jx P* K, =OH}
~ Jk ~Ok LxHH =~ k. (68)
^=x H
q+ ~ q`~_^~ Kix h= K? "O
Z_î > `<O? "O DQ~^x, Q`~ ==H
Ô ~#
Q~^x>h uO i< O. Ò< iH (x[~) è~ k. JC_ "i
"_H Qk|~_ H>, ~H ` |~k~z =iQ h> ^QO H D_
H _~ [OQ`~k. P `~` #OHy qi " |_Ò. (69-72)
JC_ "ix (^= ^`) ''gO ^=xH > He~z# ^" ` O H

WC_=O? Jx J_QÒ. ^xH O ''O = #~_ H#=OQ
O. J "= Q_ UHh i~K^ Jx J~>O. W ^=_
Jqe î ` < _. (73,74)
''D Ôu H HO}~ gO ~ K~ Ô =uOH HOH (^)
`=#H L~_O. Q (J" #HO# @) qOgyO. WH
" ~_. #OH~ H _~ _. JH_ gO `~Q L~>O. Jk QO
` H~ xO
"# O= K_ #~ Jx "i` (^= ^`) J~>O.
H#H (=H!) #~ =~K. ^=x "Q#~ iQ ` "# k. "iH
"=
_# ^+i}= U^< XH^x "= h H ^> "iH
(Kq) K<, ^ (^xH =~^) h rq`~ i== <, "`~ g^
"O = ^Qi H uiyO= L~@~k. (7577)
hH O~ "= J<H= ~k =H
# O=. "i H~î u
Q` e hH èO. =iH~î u Q` e `^ . ^=x J#=u H ~_
U =H `#~`@`# U xÔ <h (==#) fHO_ . J` ^=x
P[ =z <~Q fO [iy#C_ JÔ O #+ Ò. (78)
^=_ gH~ =e $+~ K_. "> Hx> gO s KO
=iHx>x (H =~~) u~>O. ">= gH W~H J<H [<
L<. gO ZH_H #H~> JH_H KOH=_xH Jq gH
}^< Q H_ L Q_ `<. ">, F_ H_ gO
ZH }~ KO . Dq^~ Q ^=_ gH `# xÔ < K < _.
J gO P# K # U xÔ < xOHi~KQ
O? (79-81)
520
(41. g")
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"O ~ K~ uiy K_^ , giH O~ Qu~z#i O =#~

U=~^? giH< O |=O`, "~ Q " = z =êO.
Hx O ~k~z#k iH Uq^~ Q# L Q_
^ . (82)
Q` *`"i ^QO H "i =H
H
, K# fH =z
#C_ O `= ^QO # (~H$`) *#~ `=#H L<O.
z=iH "O `= J ~ K# q+ LK< _ O. O
fO = tH K ''"qC_ >x UHO_ q~K=. (P#H)
> He~z# q^ ^ x>x xOHi< ~ Jx JiKO. Hx = tH
K# `~ "` i q~ iH U=`~ L Q_ ^ . Wk ^=x
ê Qi~z J<kQ =# ^=~^~. (^x HO" P) `
uOO O <#= O. (83-85)
J=Ò}
: =H
41. g"
H: 54
D J^~ O~~x è O~_ c*HO< nxH =H@~Q

>O. Wk #|g H~ PO= @ J=ì~z~k. =H |Ô^H
W~ ~^x J_H=_xH OHOHQ ZO` ^+KO~ y#>H
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=^_# [` = (Ol) H_ W~ Hi~KO.
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Ki~K_xH FOA HQ$~ J`=~ ="O [~<O. "_ "_
K~ [iQ~. P =~ ^==H (~) H_ HQ$~< F
=# X~@iQ HO<O. JC_ ="O L` a< Oa J<
<H_ =>_` ''gO XCH~> <# ==^ (~)` =>_,
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H=K. W J`# =#e =uOH~ K_x =#H~>_ Jx J<_. D
=@` J~Ô UHq~KO.
L` ==H ==^ (~) ^QOH "o W J<_:
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(41. g")
521
''h= O~a~z# D x "#H# H~ ^#~^# =`" J`,

"=~` H h= = J~îH Q N=~`_ J~` ^# ~ Hi~z
W~. XH" h= <H`~, îH HO`~> "= x# =
<H_Q KO\~. U q+~# h x^ "= xO~
fH=. ^ h= OA H^KH~> "= x# = J~îH OAQ
KH~>=. XH" hH^< `K > ^_`, ">x h=
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= ~`YO` hH #~ K= J<_ L`.
^==H (~) J`x =@ iQ qx ''gO K^KH#k
iQ K#><? Jx J_QO.
^xH L` ''P.. <# iQ K# J<_.
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D J^< i~K_~ O~a~KO.
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XH" JO| J`x PkH` ~Ô#H~_, JC_ gH g Ôx
g^ K~KH< x `C`~k. WÒ J`x x _O. JHH~_
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g". Wk HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x #~_ J=ì~z#

kq+$u. q+# +~Q q_=Oz K HQ Q~^~.
(W~y`)*#~ Hi H~ =z~k. Wk JOc+ H= # YOP<
(OQ~^~). (O) O J~^*, (^+O=#~ Qi~z) Ki~K
=#` Q~^~ Wk.
Hx "i K=~k nxH q=Y `<O. q#_xH (H_)
=~^H O=_~^ . Q ''h= ==e Uq+ ~ " < ^x
H~ ("= ^~ Q =.) = $^ H> =H =
K=H K=_z~k. =H hH =^ XH Ò J_ _ ~ k. (J~^=) h=
h <^ K H, "= =x K H`~ Jx J~@<O. (1-5)
=H! KC : ''<# g~> =#=}. HH` <H kq+$u (=)
Ô g ^=_ XH_#x è* |_`~k. H#H gO P# " H
UH#Y (Px =`" P~k ) L~_~_. P< H= } HOH~_.
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ÒQ x Q u
~ a ~ k. (6-8)
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HH P< H^ =! P< q (îH~_ ^x) g^ O `
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}H>H J=O" # "OH H HO~ ^x PO=y H_ UO@
. (9,10)
K_.1 D #h <Q OA O
uiy ^=_ PH~ " ^$+ iOK_. JC_ PH~ iQ Q
O~ L~_k. P# =He L^t ~z ''gH W+= < H <
LxHH O~_ J<_. ^xH Jq ''"= q#= =K~ J<. (11)
1. J<k #~_ J~u=k#~ =OH > = }H>H i_ PO =yx
^=_ ~ K~ UO@ K_. J` D POO J=O= ~# "OH J~^~>
^=_ xOt ~z# r=# q^#~ HO~ PiH q[ # H <~Q, x+H `~Q
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(41. g")
523
JC_ P# O~_ OA U_ PH xi~K_. u PHxH

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(#H `) n` J~Hi~K=. ^x Jx q^ OH` ~ Q L~K=.2
W^~` = H=~`_, JO q"H=~`_# ^=_ O~k~z#
^H ~ . (12)
J< gO (P# H =O# MÒ K H~_) =Y~ uC
H~> "iH KC: ''(O~) P^, =^ *` O`Q (^=)tH
qOK_~ k. J~> O` tH Qi~z <# q=e Ki< #. "i
^QOH ^==H =~^ "#H #" #~z =z '^=_ `
=O=ih POk~KH~ _ Jx (iiq^) k~KO. Hx "O (uOO
=~`) '= = ~#H~> (D xH~) ^= ^è ~"_.
H#H h= `z# q+ x "= #== Jx J<O. (13,14)
P^ (*u<H) <~, Ô~ UnH~_ ^~ ^ "#
Q O. Q (J~HO~`) ''=H~> |=~`=O<O? Jx
HQO. "ix $+~z# ^=_ iH~> |__# ~Qu "iH
2. "^@ QO ~ L# q~ Q Q, #H `Q, WÒ =O< O^
== Q =O_xH O~_OA >~ k. D O~_OA xO}H q
H_ KiL~k. P `~` q (=iHx WÒ Q H_) hO, Qe, =$H* u,
r=O =Q~ UO_>xH =O <Q OA >~ k. WH_ 9,10 H
^=_
=~_ xO}xH O~_OA >~ ^x, ^x PO~ `kÒ UO@ [OQ_ xH
<Q OA >~ ^x è* < _. Dq^~ Q q r=OH x Q~
H=_xH "`~ POk< >~ k. D POk<< "`~ q== UO_~k.
11,12 H
^=_ qxO}xH =~^# iu x q, JC_ D
q~ QO~ L~_^x J<_. <> *xH + nx hiH (Nebula)
J~>O. H@ ~=Ò H`~ XHK@ QqQ_ L# D qÔ~ ^ _
(aQ~Q) ~q~z =H =H~^x, Jq H=~Q qi~z Hk
~=Ò `~` <> Q Q, #H `Q O~^x G"`
K|`<O.
YOP< ^=_ QO~ L# =He L^t~z LxHH O~_x
P*~ K_. P `~ "` P# O~_ OA U_ PH xi~K_. W~^
q H_ Ki L~k.
Dq^~ Q ^=_ =H# PO k< $+~ K_x YOP< K|`~k.
Dk< =#~ =}~Q fH< k< H#=O~ ^ . YOP< XHK@ XH ~A
gO H ~K " ~_H =#=x, =~K@ XHOA "
UO_H =#=x
L~k. YOP< < x Qi~z K Q~^~ H^. `# J=Ò}
H~<> =#=H
JO= ~H ~ Q ^=x JÔ} H =O =# Ô P# UH`x
K>K ^= Q~^~ . P ^$+` < ^x J^ #~ K q+ ~ JO= =`~k.
524
(41. g")
Y~P< "=$Ò
H< `@^? "O = H, K# uOi< O.

z=iH "= F î<# "i H ~HO"# `<x ~=.
WHrq`~ iH J==#HO" # tH Kq K~K_xH W K=.
OH tH W~`H~> Z~` J==#HO~Q L~@~k. "iHH_ Z=O
~ K O. (15,16)
WH =^*u QiOz, "= "i =~^ <O~ L~KO. Hx
"O <O~ K_>xH |^ J~^ L~_>xH W+ _ O . z=iH i
^+~ HO}~Q i J==#HO" # tH =z_~ k. J` `x
q~z
H
"Y
i J=~a~z#ix =`~ "= OH~ KO. (17,18)
^=qOê #OHxH fH~^H "ix K@=> fHK OA
Qi~z T~K. JC_ =~^z#"ix "#H =z#i ^Qi HK^H
P"
_~ [OQ`~k. JJ~Ô JH_H KO H<H i H , K=,
KO "O ~ K~ L#C_ U"q KO H q. (19,20)
JC_ O `= KO# L^t ~z ''gO =H =uOH~ Q Z~^H
Hq<O? Jx J_QÒ. ^xHq W =^#q: ''u
== H =>_ Hx z# ^=_ =H =>_ Hx K_. P< q=e
"^>i >~K_. WC_ P# ^QiH gO fHO|_O. gO
O ~Q <O K # C_, ZC_ Fi g H , K=, KO H_
gH =uOH~ Q H q # PK< gH HQ^ . K gO K
Ô J<H~ ^=xH H_ è^x gO q~ _O.3 ^=_
Qi~z g UO_# D ^+ =< q=e (#>@
) =~z~k. D HO}~Q<
giC_ #+ O. (21-23)
WC_ O #~ =~z< =~KH< #OHQ "i x
~. "O `~ ` (` ~ " ) =O^z (tH)
xO
~ =i~z~^ giH J~> xO
" =i ~ k. H#H O ` H~_
#+ Ò. (24,25)
3. W ==^ (Ol) HO~ H ^QO WÔ YO+ `Q XH v `Q
=H H WÔ v `Q , XH YO+ `Q= H QqQ_O. i ^ H= Q<
L~k. Hx i = |n*< `H =Q L<. i XH_ ''^=_ =#
=@ q~>_? h Ja~ Uq>? Jx J_Q_. ^xH O~__ ''=#~ aQO Q
=>_` q~>_. "eQ =>_` q#_ J<_. =__ `# Ja~
K|` aQO Q =>_@
C_ q#Qe` , "eQ =>_@
C_ H_ q~>_#H~>
J<_. P ~Ô ~ DH
J=ì~K. (|Mi, =~ )
Y~P< "=$Ò
(41. g")
525
Jq (=i~` >y`)''D YOP<x (i # C_) q#H~_.

JiK ~_. WQ< gO q[~ kO" K_~_ J#~>O. (26)
D uOOe "= Hi#~Q tHO. "i HO^+O "iH `
H~_ K=. ^= qO^ H qk~K tH #OH~ ! JH_ iH `x~
L~@~k. = H
xOHiOz#"iH J^ (`y#) tH. OH _ (JH
" |KH~@) '' ! ==e _î >~ z# =#=e, l#e =H
K~K. "ix "= HH~^ _ (HfO) `H J==#OO
J#~>O. (27-29)
Z=O `= = ^=_#x eH, P=@ g^< O ~ Q L~>O "i
( ~) H~ ^= ^` ` H~_ J=ìO . JC_ "iH W Ô ~
K|Ò: ''_H~_. qKO_H~_. O"~ Qi~z gH K#
"Q#~ QOKHx P#~k~K~_. "= WH~# gH `_Q
L<O, WC_ O
H~# gH `_Q L~@<O. WH_ gO HOH#
== a~k. gO Hi~^ g^ J=`~k. Q H=je, Jq`
^ =_# ^=x " # a~K## Pu^ qk. (30-32)
^=x (~^~ ) " ([#) ez, Ò K, `# ^= q^
}x eH#"x =@H~> +" # =@ =O=ik J=`~k? (33)
=H! =~p K_ XH> H*=. H#H h= J`~` +" # '=~z
Ô K_ # xOe~K. JC_ h QO `= H_ hH }q`_
=_~ h= K=. D ^ }
~ #jOH ` =O=iH J|^. D
Q~ J^$+= ~`H ` =O=iH ~ H^. (34,35)
+`< #~_ hH^< ^+ O} Hey#@ Jx ("~@<) h= ^=x
O}
"_ H.4 ^=_ =~ q~@<_. P# O ~ Ziy#_. (36)
4. +`< ZC _ U^ =~H` =#=_ OK Q>, H~ ` ~z J`xK` Ô
=uOH HO K~K_xH u_ . J~> iu ZÔ` "~@ XH`# =z
J||HO (Ol)x J#=O~ Q ^+~K_~ O~a~K_. [` J||HO (Ol) "~@<
OzH~_ =#~ =~z J`x ^+} q#QO. ^= =H (~ ) P# K
zO#= z~k~KQO. Hx `~` H>H J||HO (Ol) J`x ^+} ~K
H =^#~Q XH f="# =@<O. P# <@ P =@ q#Q< ^= =H (~ )
=MOq~^~ =_KH~k. P# `H}
" z JH_~z "oO.
J||HO (Ol) H_ z P# "#H #_KO. î P# ^= =H
(~ )` =\_ ` ''(Uq> gÔ}) K qz`~Q L~^! P =H ## u_# ~`
526
(41. g")
Y~P< "=$Ò
Ou, Q, O_, K~^_ (=QO H$u Hh) ^=x

(UH`xH, P# H=OH) xÔ<. (H#H) OK~^H
~Q_H~_. gO x[~Q ^=_ POk~K"~`, ">x $+~z# ^=xH
~Q_~_. (37)
=H! gO Q#H àO` "~_Q ==i ==i~Kh. (h
= ^= `xH =K >g^ .) h = xk =# ^= ^` O~
|= Px i< L<O. "O O} Z#>H JO. (38)
q xs=~Q _= ~_@~ hH Hx~ k. J` "= P`~` =O~
Hi~KQ< Jk XHiQ (=$H* ux fHx) H LaH=~ k. Wk H_
^=x K<. =$` qH r=~ _ =$`=#=e H_ |uH~z
Q
_. x~^ ~Q P#H J}=}= JkHO~ L~k. (39)
= HH _O fO =H H#_H~_ ZH_ ^Hx
L~_O . (=~ =z#C_ "iH ` H `y# [OQ`~k.) #OHy
qO| __ + _ H
k<# ~` u L~__ + _ ?
gO Pz~K~_. O, gO K ^KH#^^ K L~_~_. (Hx XH
q+ ~ QO~ KH~_,) g K+
x>h ^=_ FH~@ Q=x< L<_.
gO `= ^Qi H `^ =z#C_ ^x uO i~z#"O. Hx W^H
H=~`"# Q~^~. ^+H ^x =~^#~p ^_ K= "#H
#~p ^_ K =. Wk = q"H= ~`_, ` Q ~ h_#
^=x #~_ J=ì~z# (J^`) "}. (4042)
=H! h Qi~z J#|_`# =@ D<_ H`g H^. hH O~
q~z# =HH H_ D =@ J<O. (J<) h = Q
H= je. (J` ^~`@) P# Hi# ~Q ^~_~K_ H_. (43)
XH" "g Q~^x JOÒ YOP<Q K=~>, "O (q=i)
''^x He (=H è# +) Z~^H q_=Oz K ^ ? W^q
K^"! ~k` JO|` , DQ~^~ JO Ò +<!? J~>O.
KC : D YOP< q~KiH =O^ i x, ` ^x. J` q~K
_xH =~^H Ox"i H~ =`~ Wk K= î# ^k, H H H>#
Q~`~>k. "i iu "ix K Ô~ #~z # @~k. (44)
gO =#~ =~z zO#= #=`~_O. Hx Ò ` <# J`x ^+}H
["a=Q< gH H~ =K~k Jx J_QO. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) ''#= =#~Q
L#~` XH ^= ^` h ^QO x|_ h Ò # J`x ^+}H [aK_. Hx
h= =>_@
~ "^@
Q q^ " =z~k. h = Q#H =~^ XH=@
xO
~z L~_H ` W qk ~K"i Qi~z (ZC_) fO [iyL~_k.
gO
nx Qi~z f="# ~kQ~ , ~^ _ O. (45)
Z=O Ò~ K J`# `# H" K H~>_. JQ
Z=O ÔxH _` ^x H_ J`x < =z_ `~k. h =
=`~ `# ^H Z~> J<~ K _. (46)
_ Qi~z ^=xH =`" `. `_= #~_ HK

~_# Qi~z, QO~^ è, P" H< e Qi~z H_ P#H
`. P# "ix (k<#) ZQu ez ''(gO l~z#) <
Q= U=O? Jx t_ . ^xH "O ''= Z=iH "i
LxHx Qi~K è^x q#q~KH~@<~ J#~>O. "O Q`~
l~z# q^^ h POA "i #~_ H#=OQ `. ^~` "O
(x$`) `=HH ZH_ OH}
a~K^x qO . (47,48)
=#=_ `# (SH) H~ Z~` "_ H< J_. Hx
ZC_< H H+~ = K, "~@< xO` H~y`_. J` "=`_
P H+~ #~_ Q>H ~z = HO}x KqK~KQ< ("= K# "
=Oz) ''<x~^H JO_. (< H =O=< <Hk a~z~k)

k#~ XH@~^x, Jk ` H~_ =~ ^x <# q~K_~ ^ . XH" ##
x[~Q< < = ^QO H fH _~ [iy` JH_ <H M a
Jx J~>_. Hx "= `x uO i~z#iH (Q`~ ) "O U"q
K=KO è, P `~` O= AQHO"# (#OH)`# Kq
K~. (49,50)
=#=xH ""^< J#Q J`# =H q=Y_ `_. Q
J~HO~` qOgQ`_. Hx J^ H+"
z#C_ nOO# K_ .
=H! "iH KC : ''XH DYOP< x[~Q ^= } J`, nx
gO (WQ) xOHi~>, H gO Pz~K~_... nx xOHi~K_~
|Ô~ #"_ H~> O= ÔO_ =O=O~>O? (51,52)
Ò< "iH = xÔ < k[~_# K~ "i (^ xO
}~)# K~. z=iH D YOP< x[~Q ` } J< q+ O "i
=~^ |@|`~k. h = u^xH HQ L<_# ~Qu K^?
K_, gO `= =# HH= L~@~^# q+ x Z #=
H `<O! q#~_, P# u == x i"+~ z L<_. (53,54)
528
(42. +~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
42. ~k~ (+~)

J=Ò} : =H
H:53
D J^x ''+ O ( ~k~) J~>O. W~^x

q+ Q=x Wq g (41=) J^~ Ò` #|g H~ 6 H
7= @ J=ì~z L~_=Kx `~k. W~^ ^=~^~ @ =H
|Ô^H "e|z# J#=<, PO, J~Ò, ">H
=^< O#|_. =^ =^ ùOO O=<x Qi~z
Ki~K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

-g, S<-<- M. = H=~`_, JO q"H=~`_#
^=_ Q` =H
^QO H Uq^~ Q kq+$u ~`~__ J^q^~ Q
WC_ h ^QOH H_ kq+$u ~`<_. =H L#
=~ P#^. P# OkH _, O#`_. (1-4)
(^=x B#`~, q``
# H~Ki K K+
=) #~_ PH~ |^

_=K. ^=^` `= =x u Px i<O. JnQH
H " Hq ~K=x H_ =#qK < O. q#~_, ^=_
Q H=je, Jq` ^=_. `## =ê WÒe ~OHHQ
K H#"ix P# FH~@ Hx_< L<_. h= "i (uOOY
i)H
^ _= H=. (5,6)
JQ =H"ix, ^x K@H ~`"ix (` uOO O =
#~ Qi~z) Ki~K~^H "g YOP<x JOc + h ^QOH
~O. (=#=~`) ="= OA (~q ~K
~HO i}=e)
Qi~z Ki~K. POA ` H~_ =~ k. J~^ Z~> ~^ ~
^ . JC_ XH =O~ OxH, =OH =O~ #OHxH = L~@~k. (7)
^=_ `KH~> gO~^s XH =[~Q KQ_. Hx P#
`#Hi# "ix `# HO}KH fH~>_. ÔO
H =`~ U
H_, ~OHH _ L~__ . "O ^=_ =ê WÒ e ~OHH Q
K H<O? x*xH J ~OHH _ ^=_. P< =$è uiy |uH~K
_. P# uh K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. (8,9)
(=H! KC:) ''g=^ U q+~ q^z< ^x i+i~K
x ^=x^. P< < =. P< <# #=H<#. (U =
=z<) <# P# (`=) " H =O`#. (10)
P# =HH $+HO. P< g*u #~_ gH`_Q
[~@e >~ K_. JQ [~`= H_ [~@e >~ K_. Dq^~ Q
Y~P< "=$Ò
(42. +~)
529
P# }H> ~ùx qi ~* < _. =` q==

Px
e# == , (rq)^ . P# =~ q~@<_, K< _. =
H (xH ) ` K= P# Ku< L<. P# `# Hi#
q^~ Q H~îH +~Q, H~îH ~Q Lkx< _. P# O ~
Ziy#_. (11,12)
P# #H P^t~z# r=#=O< gH~ xOt ~K_. (=H!)
^x< WC_ kq+$u Ô h ^QO H ~~K_. D r=# =O<
"= W~`H O~ W~, =, D H_ J~^* J~^<
(rq`~`~) O~Q L~_x, =O^ $+~KH_^x zi~K.
Dq+ x Qi~K h= k # C_ |^ O^H ki`<O.
^=_ `# Hi# =x+x `#_Q KH~>_. `# " =O"_H
P# `# x^xH KOH< =O~ K_. (13)
=#= `= ^QOH (`)*#~ =z# Ò`, (^x =ê)
O O~ ~`H H~KH=_~ =< "i =O ^ UO_.
h = ^QO xs` =~ J< =@ H L~> P# i H^
ZC_ i=~ K= ~__. sH Ò ` (^= )Q~^xH "O
Q
K |_#"O ^x ~^ , f= ~kQ~ _ O. (14)
U"# >H (=H!) h= J^ r=#q^#~ " [# Px~K.
hH=|_# P^~ HO~ P q^#~< O ~ Q L~_. J~`Qx H
=<~Ke J#i~KH . iH è*:
''<# ^=_ ~# u Q~^x q<#. g ==Oh
<~Q, x+H`~Q i+i~Kx <H P[ J~k. ^=_ =
=, g = H_. "= K HO =` @ L~>. gO
K HO g` @ L~>. (H#H) gH, =H =^ Z~> [Q_~
^. ^=_ FOA =#~^s (HOqKO} H~) =" O_.
=#=~` z=iH P# ^Qi H =~e = L~k. (15)
^=~^~ Hi~z# Ò` H~Ô ^=x q+~ [Q_=_
`<O. "i q^~ ^=x ^$+ J<"#k, JÔ"#k. i
^ Q ~ qOKH _ `~k. "iH~ Hi# tH HKHx L~k. (16)
P ^=_ `~ ukH D Q~^x, `x (J~> Ôx)
J=` i~* _. fO _ g~< L~^" gH~ `? ^x
q~Kx "O ^xH~ `~Ô _< O. ^x q~z#"O =`~
^x@
_ `<O. Jk ` H~_ =~ ^x "iH `. q#~_,
530
(42. +~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P _ OH Qi~z ~^ ^" # "^# K # O =O + ` ~

_ |Ô~ H@H O. (17,18)
^=_ `#^ q+ ~ Jq` ^ =_, JO `_.
P# `z#"iH `z#k k_ . P# Z~` |_ _, = H
=~`_. O
H H$`
~ HOH<"i H~ "= i }
~ =$k
K~. WH ~ HOH<"iH "= WH~< ^x k~.
J` O
H (H$`
)~ "iH Z~> "> a~K^ . (19,20)
"O P~z# q^^ U"< ^=_ J#=u~Kx Ô =O~
i H~ xO
~K? fO q+ ~ =~^ xO
~K|_H L~>
i H^ ZC_ == ~ L~_k. J~> ÔO
H ` xiQ ÔO
tH _ `~k. JC_ ÔO
`= ^+O O =#~ @
_>
x
h= K=. Jk "i g^ ` O_ =z_ Òk. nxH a#~Q `x
q~z, ^KO ~## O O= < (Y~Q)L~>O. "iH "O
HOH#^ "i = =^ a ~ k. W^ Jx>H~ > Q ^ #Q ~.
W~> " O< ^=_ `x q~z ^KO}
"Y
i J=~a~
z# ^H J~^*<_. H#H =H! "iH KC: ''<h x H~
g#~_ Z~> u
~ Pt~K_~ ^ . HH` |~^ =# =`~ g
#~_ ` H~_ Pt#. Ò K"iH P Ò "= =$n
qH HeyO. ^=_ Q H= je, Z~` Pî~K_. (2123)
"O (hQi~z) ''D=x+ ^=x x~^ "`<_x J~@<O?
(J^ x["# H~ ) ^=_ `KH~> h $^ H> =" _ .
(Hx "O K|`#k zJ|^~ , h xx J~_ " < O.) ^=_
J`x J~`"
~k< _. `# ^ K<` `x ` ~Q xO
<_. P#H (=#=) P~Ò "k O `~ `. (24)
P< `#^ `~ ` K "_ H Hi~z "i O@
=x< _. P#H g K+
h `. (J#>H P# q=e
LH < _.) q~z, ^KO ~## O K "_ H# P#
Hi_ . J~`QH~_, P# `# J#Q ~` iH =i~` (Q~)
k_ . ` ` uOOH =`~ ÔO
`# ` =. (25,26)
XH" ^=_ `# ^~îH +~Q Lkx, "O ~ K~
Qi+ uOQ@H _Ò. J~^= P# `# `z#
q^~ Q XH xs` i=}~ (Lk) k~K`<_. P#H `# ^
(=~) Qi~z Q `. "ix P# FH~@ Q=x< _. (27)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(42. +~)
531
[ (=O =~`) xOK~ k#C_ P ^=_ =O~ Hi < _. ("i

H~ Dq^~ Q) `# HO}x q$ `~ K < _. P< (J~îH) ~OH
H_, ~ h_. (28)
P# xÔ< =H $+ H_ XH>. P O~_>#
P# r=Oe ~*L~K_.1 `# `KH#C_ >x
(O
H~ XHK@) gHi~KQ
_. (29)
gH U P^ =z< Jk g K*` `z@H #^ J=`~k. gO
K # J<H O@# P# W> Hq ~z =ê_< _.2 (J< gO
g ÔQ`# =#H=_~ ^ .) J` gO ~ K~ ^=x @
#~_ `~KHx ZH_H iO. ^=xH =uOH~Q gH ZO\
H_, ~OHH _ a~K_ . (30,31)
P# xÔ < =^~ H~_ Hx~K F_ H_ L<.
^=_ ZC_ `KH~> JC_ Qex ~a~*Q_. ^~` P
F_ =^`
~ (=~^H QH ~_ ZH_HH _) xez`. #
"Y
i J=~a~z H$À
L~_"iH W~^ Q K#<.....^
F_ } K# J<H # "= Hq ~z, H =O Hx
HO}~Q "ix (#_ =Ô) =~z"Q~. JC_ = He
Qi~z q`~_^~ KiH x[~ è~ k. OH}
~^_xH `=HH
Z~> J ~ ^x O `H~>O. (32-35)
WH~ gH=|_# r=# =y =< =K@ =`" . ^=x
^QO (OH~) L#^ +"#k, `"#k. J` `x q~z
`= =# #=H#iH Wk a ~ k. (36)
1. DHx |> r=~ =# q< QH, WÒ Q H_ L<x
`~k. (q=OH 16:49 H` @ 65:12 HH O# ^ zH K_~_.)
2. D H
JqH, ~ K *OH =K H O K*` Hx
`K H#"#x ^=_ P~@<_. P~> ^=_ `#=H
Ô ~# ^# q
~KH ~_ >H =uOH~ Q #_K H~> [~Q< W|~^ UO_`#=@.
J` ^=x ^# q~z > HO~ #_K H< iH H_ H
= H^, ^xH HO}~ Uq@< =~ k. W~ ~O r=#==. D ==#
<H_xH ^xH iQ a#"# ==
Ti H~@ H$+ K # C_
H ZÔ=_~ [". P` D H =x+ H #H, O
H~ J`x
^J~`
OQ^H ^^_ ` .
nx Qi~K ^= =H( ~ ) W J<O: ''=~ H Z~> H, H_Q ~ _,
P^
, P~^# ZÔ<, z=iH J`xH XH = QKH< O >x ^=_
J`x H, O@H iO~Q K_ . (|Mi, =~ )
532
(42. +~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(J q~z#i Q}Q} Dq^~ Q L~>:)

"O OH, hu"# #H Ô~Q L~>O.
H^H Hey#C_ (">x kQq~y WÒ e) Hq O .
` = P^ tO=~K_xH ^ ^~ Q L~>O.
O< (#=A) == <HÒ.
O O~ ~k~` `= ==O #_H~>O.3
3. D ^= =K#~ =H ==O x~`$` H_
#, UH` H Ô}
# JiH_ , ^=_ k~z# Ô G~ ik *= q^<x `~k.
~Q ^= =H (~ ), P Ò ` P#H O Q =z# è #QO
Yb Ô G ikH Ox =H ==O q+ ~ `> =~ `
~k~ [i q+ xO
fH<O.
~Q ^=_ `# =H (~)# `# P[ ikH Ox ==O
q+ = J#KO ` ~k~z xO
~ fHx P^t< _: ''h= `>
# q+ ~ ix ~k L~_. (3:159)
YOP<, n` H_# Ô G~ Wg O[~ ` O*~Q==
`~k. J~^ =O, KO K_xH [H, *ux^H Z~>
JkHO~ ^ . Ô G ikHOx ==O =` O*k<` *= û
*ux^ e ~k~z xO
~ fH~>_. O*k<` `C _ xO
~ f
H~> [H J`_ q=i~K, |=~`~Q J`x xO
x L~ i~*
L~@~k. <OQ =# è #O Yb [H xO
~Q `= Jae
e|K_xH, `C K# C_ `=# q=i~K_xH i Kx KO.
Fi ~ O_ Yb [` L=O(Ol) A=~ Q~ K , q~ <~^
kO~H q~z =O Ke~ K_xH J#=u W=H_^x u^# KO. "~@<
XH z ''J P^t~K JkHO~ gH ^ . YOP< =OQ Z~` ^ ^# O
W=_xH< J#=u~> ^xH ^ OOK~^H =^ gO=O? Jx q=
i~z~k. [` L=O (Ol) `H}
" `# u^# L~ i~KH<O.
=OHi Px [` =z~k H^, =i gO W~` ^ KH Z H>~ KH<O?
^xH O~_ ^@`Qx i^ Jx J_QO. [` L=O (Ol) sH~Q
Z`
# =x+. J~^= P# KH H>~ KH=_xH `# QxH =z# ^>
i_# ~^# `# H=Ox >H =z# ^> J_y fHx KH H>~ KH<O.
P q+ P# `# H=Ox K` K ~KO.
P<> Yb [H Z~` =H@
# K WKO~>, `=# JHO}~Q
^+~z#ix, ki~z#ix `~ ~KO. ^+}, x~Ô} OA=
H#~`=OH "O ">x tHO# <OQ iQ}~ KO H^.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(42. +~)
533
"= k~z# Lk H~` Q~ ==O~ # YO_Ò.

` WÒ Ô# ~ K "O ^x ZÔ~>O. (37-39)
H_ H fHO~ J~> H_. S` Z=O< fHO~ K H~_ ` ix
Hq ~z iu KH |i J`xH (^x) u
qK ^ ` ^=x L~k.
^=_ Ô# O e q~K_ . Hx Ô# ~ [iy# `~` (^g OH ~_)
|^ fOHO> `C ^ . WÒ Ô# ~ K ^~ J<~Q
H~ O "ix =`" `C >e. J~>"iH ÔO t H HKHxL~k.
HH` #~` ==i (` ix) Hq ~K Qey` (Z~` =~zk).
Wk Z~` Ô ` H_# x. (4043)
^=_ ~Q Z=i<< =O+_Q K WH ^=x =uOH~Q
J`_ OH~ K"O=O L~_O . D ÔO
(=)tH HO K#C_ "i
iu Z L~@~^ h= K=. O (#OH)`# K ''WC_
(=H |^z~k. ~K~H) uiy "o =O"^< L~^?
J#_QÒ. (44)
"ix #OH~ ^QO H `z#> iu H_ h= K=. JC_ "O
J==#O~` H~yÒ. a`H a`H=~@ aHKz# K`
KO . JC_ q ("i û @) ''DOA
k<# `=#,
`= H@~cHe #+ O K
H#O J O ~ H#O J~>O.
q#~_! ÔO
`~Q (#OH) `# zHH~>O. JH_
^=xH =uOH~ Q "ix P^H=_xH ZO\ H_, ~OHH _
L~__ . ^=_ =O + ` ~ _" # _H WH J~^ #~z ` ~K
H< =O" L~_^ . (45,46)
(H#H =#=O!) ^=x Ò# Z~> iu# `x
(
) k#~ OH=~^ g = =@ XCH~_. POA gH Z~>
OH}
(P ~) a~K^ , g Ò`# Z=_ =O_ . (47)
=H! gO =Y~uCH~> uCHx. "= x# "i g^ O "HH
_Q K ~^ . ([H) ~^~ J~^*
_" h ^ `.
<= Yb [` Je (Ol) ^QiH FOA J^QO =H |~k~z
fHO|_O . O Yb# |O~Q~Q ^+~KOx, i XH_ =}~ K
=s `# Je (Ol)x `=O`#x J<_x J`x PO} =z~k. Hx [`
Je (Ol) P Mn ~^s q_z> ''H"O> i u@H gO [aKH~_. H `
H~Q uOQ@ K x^ H=~ <\ =@` ## qOk~z#~` =`# ix
<# tH~ K# J<O `# H~k JkHO`.
534
(43. AY)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=#=_ K z`" # =x+. "=`xH = J#Q ~ KqK

~`+~` ~y`_. Hx K*` KH# Ô"^< P^
O~ =z _` (^=_ K# "~` =Oz) H$` _ `_. (48)
^=_ =HH [=x, O_. `# `z# u^h
$+~ KQ
_. `# Hi#q^~ Q H~îH =Q~ `#~, H~îH P_~ `#~,
=iH~îH P_, =Q ~`#~ k_ . JQ `# Hi#ix ~`#
#Q K_. P# Q *#~#_, = HO KQ
=O_ . (49,50)
^=_ U =#=x`# ` H~ Q ~+~K_ . =#==`_H Jk
^ = xH^. ^=_ `#=@# kq+$u Ô< Ò" # H #~K
=x+H KO" _ . ^ `# Hi#k `#P[` z~K_xH ~^ O_
(^= ^`#) ~`_. P# =#`_, Z~` q"H= ~`_. (51)
=H! J^q^~Q "= kq+$u Ô h ^QOH = P[#
~`<=. W~`H =~^ hH Q~^~ J~> Uq> è< è^.
Hx P`~` D kq+$ux *uQ K "= Hi# = ^xH OA
=O~ K`<O. x~^ ~Q h= [# <O~ " # #_ < =.
Jk =Hx = $+OH [=x J# ^=x =O~.
q#~_! = ==O z=iH ^=x ^Qi H KO H~>. (52,53)
43. |~QO#Q (AY)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 89
D J^x ''AY J~>O. Wn #|gH~ 6 H 7= @

J=ì~z~k. W~^ =_# =He, ~zH ""x Qi~z q=i~
K_~ [iy~k. ^=_ K# =HO QOK
H$ u ^=x UH`x
K>K J<H xÔ<# Qi~z H_ è*_~ [iy~k.
HO}=_, H$QO_# ^=x O` O~~

-g. q++` He# DQ~^~ H! gO JO~KH=_xH
gQ nx "= JOc + O# Q~^~ (YOP<)Q K~. x*xHk =
^QO # =`$ Q~^~ xk. = ^$+
Wk =#`" # k, q"K< i`" #
(k=) Q~^~ . (1-4)
gO ^g i# "~# ~` =`# "= qQK~k D `^ x
g ^QOH ~_~ =<=#H~@<O? Q`*` H_ "=
^= =He q ~* =. ^= =H "i ^QO H O=_~, "O J`_ #
Y~P< "=$Ò
(43. AY)
535
K H=_~ J~@ Z#_ [OQ

^ . giH~> Z~` H= ~`# "ix
"= O <#~ K~. Q`* ` `# Q^
W~^H Ò}. (5-8)
=He Z=O $+~ KOx h= J_y` =H= ~`_, O *x
J# ^=_ Jx O ` H~_ J~>O. =i P< H^ gH~ D
qx TQ1 K, gO g Q=H KO H=_xH J~^ Ô
UOOz#_! P< XH xs` i=}~ PH~ #~_ =O~ Hi~z
`Ô =$` qx |uH < _. J^q^~ Q FOA q=e H_ |uH~z
q #~_ |>H f_~ [OQ`~k. (9-11)
P< =` ($+O O+) [~@# >~K_.2 P<
g } ~ H~ F_, [~`=# $l~z#"_. H#H >x
ZH@C_ g = K# "# QOKH~@ ''=H~ g>x
J^ L~z# ^=_ Z~` q`_. "= ~Q g>x J^
@Q
H= ~`~ H=. XH OA "= = = ^Qi H =Oe=
L~k Jx H~_ (12-14)
gO ^=x ^ H~îx P#H ~`#~ J~@Q>O . =#=_
x[~Q O= H$` _. ^=_ `# $+` H~îx `#H `Q
Z~KHx, gH =`~ Hi H_He k~K_? (Z~` JK~O?) Hx
O HO }=_# ^=xH U P_~ `#~ J~@Q>O P ~`#~ Qi~
z# ~ "i Z=iH< qx J`# =Y~=_Hx >_ ^Y~`
1. YOP< J<H K@ qx _H ` _~ [iy~k. Hx WH_ q
T` |_~k. K~>
_ Y~Q, ~`~Q _ H=_xH T Z~`
J#=Q L~@~^, =#= H_ Y~Q, ~`~Q, Q =#Q_ y~K
_xH qx T =kiQ Z~` J#=Q UOOK_ ~ [iy~^x =~.
=# =~_~ Q~@H 1000 "Q~ ` `# K@ `# uOQ`, Q~@H
65 " " "Q~ ` Ox K@ uOQ`#>H, ^xg^ x=t# =#=H
Jk uOQ`#@ U=`~ Jx~K^ . JnQH ^x `=O}~ H_ =#H ZO`
J#H~Q L~k. (WÒ q=OH 27:61 HH O# ^ zH K_~_.)
J` JC_C _ =K =O^
, H~ Ô ^=_, `# `KH~>
qx XH T T q=e O <#~ K Q#x Ki~ >_. QO ~ x
LQ` XHi Li`~ L~_ O `# Hiy~z O~ ^ q^ ~~
$+~ K_~ H_ [OQ`~k. J~^= =#= D KiH# Q=x~z, ^=_
=~_x `= H~ TQ, ~` x~Q O~k~z#~^H H$`[` Q
P#H, P# =H
H q^
L~_x D H OH~ Q z~k.
2. q=OH 51:49 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
536
(43. AY)
Y~P< "=$Ò
H~y`_. PO }
JO =^Q OQ`, ^# `# Ja
x H_ iQ q=i~Kx P_
3 ^=x ">H =z~^? (15-18)
gO HO }=x ^~# ^= ^è
Q iQ}~ KO. "i
sOH$u KO gO? gi Hx "= #"^K<~. ^x Qi~z
gO (==~^) =^#~ WKH= L~@~k. (19)
''^=_ `z=~> "= Z#_ "ix l~KO~ H^ J#~>O
"O. D ==O~ = ~ Uq> iH uQ è^. H=~ T
Q< K < O. W~`H O~ "iH ""^< Q~^~ k~K=? P
Q~^xH ~|~k~z "i^QO U^~< =}~ L~^? Z~`=`~ ^ .
(=}~ H ~<) ''= ``=``
XH ~^~ > L~_Q
KOQ#H, "= i J_Q*_< #_K H~@<~ J~>O. (20-22)
JQ hH O~ "= U @}
xH ^H _ ~< JH_ L~_
^x H `= ``=``
XH ~^~ > L~_Q K~ Q#H,
`= i J_Q*_< #_KH~@<=x KO. JC_ u
^==H ''gO g ``=`` J#i~_Q K# =O~ H<
"OQ# =O~ <# K< gO J^ î# #_O? Jx ix
J_Q _. ^xH O ''h= `z# Ô x "= uO i< ~ Jx J`xH
=^#qKO. z=iH "= "i O ` ~ >=. K_~_, uOOH
Z~> Ôu >~ ^! (23-25)
W~ =$`~`~ *H ~ `K H. J`# `# `~_`, `# *u[`
''gO l# ">` <H~> ~|~^~ ^ . < ~|~^~ ## $+~ z#
^=x` =`" L~k. P< <H î K`_ J<_. D q+ <
J`# `# ~`#~ =ê "_, "O ^x" =O~ ^H. (26-28)
(W~` K < "O $+ [ =##>H <# ix tHO K^ .) Q
"iH, "i ``=``
H r=#=y k< #. z=iH "i ^QO H
` ~ =z~k. ^x q_=Oz k~K =H H_ =K_. Hx i ^Q~ H
` ~ =z#C_ ''W^ =~`*~, "= nx #=~ J<O "~.
''D YOP< O~_ #QO L# ^=#+ XHi Z~^H
J=ì~K^ ? J~>O "O. h = HO}x gO ~K`<O?
~ Krq`~ H=# X#Oe << iH ~z>#. HH` O O~
HO H~ i H~îH H~î PkH`xK#. J` h
= HO}~ "i ^x H H__ # ^xH~> Z~` q"# k. (2932)
3. q=OH 16:59, 53:22, 81:8 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(43. AY)
537
4
=#=~` XH =O=_ H@HÒ# ~ H` "=

HO }=_# ^=_ uO i~K"i W~_ HC #, "O "_H ZH
"@#, i `#, "O k~_H #Hx HO< O #, Jx>h "~_
|~QO` K "O~. Hx Wk (=< =K># ) ~zH rq`
~^ =`" . (O
H ~^ W~`H~ > Z~` +" # k, `" # k.) h
= ^QO
H
H"iH O
H ~^ = =`~k. (33-35)
HO}=x ^#, =# @ U=O@ =~z#_
"= XH KH x O^` = Jk J`xH Ki J`~k. J~>
=H
# D KH
<O~ H OH~_ xOk ~ >. "O `=
K # x =z` =~#^#x q~ >O. (36,37)
Dq^~ Q z=iH =H = ^QO H KO H~>_. JC_`# `# K
KO x` ''J! hH <H =^ Ò_= O~` Ô~ L~>
Z~` Q~_k!! h= <H JuK_ `_Q îH= J#~>_
(` _ `). JC_ iH (^= ^`) ''gO ÔO # KO
Q#H, DOA gH~> ~ a~K^ . gO~` tH
=# Jx
K|Ò. (38-39)
=H! =i hqC_ |kO H qx~KQ
? H J~^ H, iQ
î ` #iH î KQ
? "= (=~^Q<) x# ~ K~ #~_
(=^QOH) ~~KH<, H "= Q#~ K#^x h H^> iH
KqK< "`~ g^ "ix "= tH~ z fO`~. ig^ =H i
J^ LOk. (4042)
U"# >H h= =@H kq+$u Ô h ^QO H ~|_# D
Q~^x ^$_~ Q @H. x~^ ~Q h= <O~ L<=. DQ~^~ hH,
h *u[H Q `Hi}. Ò< gO~` nx q+ =~ (^=x
=O^) ["| KC H= L~@~k. "= HO }=} QH WÒ e
H_ ^=Q xO
~K= gO ix POk~K_xH? (H~>) W~`H
O~ "= ~# =H
# J_y K_~_. (43-45)
"= =H = xÔ <ez O < ^QO H , J`x `kHO
4. J~>, ~zH i~^ @ L~_ PHO} = =#=~` ~K
*O O
Hz~`# iQ =OzÒx, J [iQ =^~ Q#H H `
Jqe ^=_ "~_|~QO` ``Q K_x J~O . J` ^=x ^$+

SH rq`xH g" `
< q=^x D H~k n H_ +~ K~k:
''^=x ^$+
~ K~ q= ^= OH ~` L<O, P# D ~ K~
` uOOH `Q_xH QH_ h H_ k~K_ H^. (|Mi)
538
(43. AY)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^QO H ~=. J`# "o ''<# q = ~# ^= =H# J<_.

Ò` J`# "i=~^ = xÔ < î ~z#C_ O #KO.
"= XH ^x q~z# =OH> J<H xÔ <5 XH ^x Ò` =OH>
=OQ ~=.
Dq^~ Q "= <<`# > ix @H <O, JC_< O
`= "Y i =OH~>O #x. Hx "O = tH =z#C_ ''=~uH_!
h = #~_ hH a~z# ^g^ PÔ~Q = (H Ô~
K _~) H~ Px i~K "= ` H~_ <O~ J=~a~
Jx KO. Hx "= "i #~_ tH `y~KQ< "O =@ Ò.
F OA O < K>~ "~z `# *u[e ~k W J<_:
''[O! Dl =[~ <kH^? (<
#k #~_ pe#) D O
<("_) H~^ =~K_~ ^? W=h gH Hx~K_~ ^? <# + }

H iQ =>_@
" Ox D hK_ + _ ? (J`<^ Q_` ) J`x
(^`^q Qi~) H~ OH~H}~ Z~^H kQ ^? H J`x ^
Ô ~ H~ ^= ^` ^"
H> J`x "~@ Z~^H O^ ? (46-53)
J`# `# *u[# Jx q~K_. O`xH q^
O. "O
` Q< Ô# . z=iH "O =H~` PQ ~ ` ~
KO. ^~` "= "ix (#_= ^~) =~z fHO~ fOH<~. W
"= i O =<x O= ÒH Q}O~ Q K" =. (54-56)
5. = =H (J ) Ô ^=_ D xÔ < O <H K_: (1) "@
"^@ = =HH , =~uHH =^ [iy# > =~uH F_ Px
^= =HQ q~KO. (2) Ò ` ==H K# q +` H@
# HO~ Dl

f="# HO = =z~k. P# K# ^P ("_ H) =< Jk `y ~k. (3)
= H@# HO~ ^=~`> #`# =z J<H T, ~@
O <#=. P# ^P =< D L^=~ H_ `y~k. (4) =
H@
#`
~HO" # q_`
^~_ =z_~ k. =m P# K# ^P =< D
q` H_ Ô=~~k. (5) = H@
#` ^= ~`> , ^# OQ
|e. [#~ f= P~^# K~Ô. Q^=x ^#~ <#= ~k.
D P^ H_ P# ^P =< `y~k. (6) = KiH` ^~ #
=
~HO" # H _^ =z_~ k. D _^ H_ P# K# ^P =<
`y~k. (7) = H@
#` ^~ <` >
q` =z~k. #^, KO =,
=, H~@x hO~` OH= " ~k. K
Kz. O~ OA^H
[#~ =~zh> H~ H@H@_ O.
(27:12 H ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(43. AY)
539
=O~ H=O_ Ki`# Ò}~Q O#C_ h *u[ ^x

^ O K ''= ^= Q? J`# Q? Jx HQO. s
LÔ}# q`~_^~ K_xH =`" h =~^ O~@<O.
gO
` Q< HHO. (57,58)
D =J#Q ~ ~k# ^_` =OgH^. "=`_ W
~ù (H#qC) H~ = HH XH xÔ#~Q KO. "= `KH~>
g H~î ^= ^`Q K Q~ O ~ K~ gH O =Ò.
J`# k<xH XH K#~>_. H#H gO ^x
Qi~z ~^ ~ _H ~ _. <=@ q#~_. W^ OA=O~ . +`< gH
|O~Q `=. P q+ ~ #~_ "_ q=e xOk~KH _^ . (5962)
D +" # xÔ <` =z ([H) W k~K_: ''<# g
^QOH q"H~ fHK#. gO qk~KH~@# Hx q+x
x*x* Uq> g=~^ "_ ~ K_xH g ^Qi HK#. H#H gO
^=xH
_~ _. <H q^
` K~_. xH ^=_ < =, g
= H_. P< gO POk~K~_. W^ <O~ . (63,64)
J` O O O~ qk ~KHx qa# =OQ peO. H#H
J<~, JÔ H =_Q>
# P ÔO
H q<~ (O>) L~k. XH
#H k#~ <> `# zHHx "O <#= Ò. (65)

WC_ gO H_ U=O@ L#C_ `= O`Q
~
qOKH_x ZÔK< O? POA =z#C_ ^= cuO `
qye# q`~` O O~ `= Ò.
`x q~z q^
# "iH POA Ô ~ Hey W
K |_`~k: ''< Ô! DOA gH~>
~ ^ , ^Y~ H_
L~_^ . WH gO, g O
(`kÒ |~^ q`) O~ "t ~
K~_, q=e P#~k~*
_~ [OQ`~k. (66-70)
"i =~^ |~QO~` K |_# H~K, y< H^ _`~>.
i $^ H, H H P#~^xK u == JH_ a ~ k. ''WC_
giH_ HH~ (Y~Q) L~>O. gO ~ K~ K H# Ò
HO}~Q< D O = H "O O. WH_ gO u#_xH H=#x
~_
L< Jx iH K|Ò (^= ^`). (71-73)
WH `- "O `~Q #OH `# zHHx L~>O. "i
tH Z#>H `y~ K|_^ . "O~^ xO x$` _L
~>O. "iH
"= J<~ K^. "O P`=OK# _O. "O (#OH
540
(43. AY)
Y~P< "=$Ò
`# i~K H) ''#OHH_! h = = H^# =y~z"

Q~_ Jx JOO . ^xH ^= ^` ''gO JQ _= ~_~_. "=
g ^QOH `x `, g K=~kH J `" y@^ Jx
=^#q_ . (7478)
(hH =uOH~ Q) gO^< KO fH=_xH xO
~KH<O? O,
= H_ XH xO
~ fH~>~. "= `= O q+ e, Q
Qe q#=x q<O "O? "= Jh q~@<=. >x =
^` i ^QO x|_ #"^ K < O. (79,80)
"iH KC : ''HO }=xH x[~Q ~`#~ L~> (P ~`<x)
J~îH~> =~^ << POk~K"_. =H =, =#`
~<ku J# ^=_ "i He` Jf`_# O= q`_.
O, O(Z@) `=H Q#~ K |_`# (
)k<x (HO)
KH~>O. J>^H ix JQ `= ^+ TH~ qi,
P@@< =xy L~_x=. (8183)
=` =H P< PO^ _. P# Z~` q"H= ~`_,
*#~#_. P< O#`_, ^ H_. =H, ">=^
L# = O*kHO~ P# Ku< L~k. ~ =K =~
P#H `. P# ^Qi H gO~` =Oe= L~k. (84,85)
P# =ê gO i# ^"ÒH Uq^"# O K
JkHO~ ^ . HH` gO^
< q+ i*#~ PÔ~Q `#Q}"#
H q J~^H J#=u a ~ k. (86)
XH" h= ''q=e Z=O $+~ KOx J_y`, ''^=_ Jx O `
H~_ K|Ò. =i gO Z "`<O? '! gO (Z~` #K
* <) q?~KO H^ Jx eH# =H H H! (x[~Q "iH
Z~` =`~ q~KO .) (87,88)
H#H =H! iH ~ K "i =<# "ix =ê@. (uOO
O =#~ Uq>) "iH Ò< `~ k. (89)

\# u rq y@H ` ^# z x[O u XHiH èO^. Hx
y\# `~` =x+ iu Uq\? J< q+x QiOK K=Ok
O` =#` PzOK_O ^ .
O K#, ~ H i}
# QiOz q=~OQ `H ^z#"~ ''WqH i~ O@~
#O_ "=_# ''~ H #O J< H O ` O_ K^" e.
Y~P< "=$Ò
J=Ò}
: =H
(44. ^M<)
44. Q (^M<)
541
H: 59
D J^x ''^M< (Q) J~>O. Wk H_ #|g H~ PO H

U_= @ J=ì~z L~_=Kx `~k. HH` D J^~ J=`
i~z# H~ W~=uOH` =i~` f==~k. H#H W~^# |
Ô^HH ##, # #K*_xH `~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

-g. q+ +` Hey# DQ~^~ H! "= =#=e Ki~K
L^ ~` nx XH O u# J=ì~* O. =xO
~ HO~ u q+ ~
# q"H=~`"# LÒ *sJ Ou Wk.1 "" ~Ô_
q ~* O. W~^ Z~> J#=#~ ^ . (1-5)
(Wk) h = J#Q ~. x~^ ~Q P# =~ q~@<_,
O ~ Ziy#_. =HH, > =^ L# OxH P< =.
gO x[~Q (D q+ x) #=`~> (D YOP< P# J=ì~* #
Q~^" #x q~Ke). P#` =O PO^ _ _ . P< g r=#
O}H =HOH _. gH, g sHH_ P< =. (6-8)
gO
~^ ~ _ (= He Qi~z iQ Pz~KH ~_)
P@@ =xy ``<O. O, PH~ x~_ Q H=H< OAH~
ZÔK_~_. Jk [ P=i~ k. J^H ÔO
`#.2 (9-11)
(WC_ gO ^=_ `z># HO= H` `_e`) ''!
= #~_ D P^# `y~K, "= qO (J~@<O.) Hx i
U=O@ (J~` ÒQ) Z =^`~k? i ^QO H `x +~ Q
K =H =z< O`x " H ">x zH H =
1. q=OH 97= J^~, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
2. WH_ Q Qi~z +HO a<a<.
H K#Q
PH~ H=H< Q Jx H~Ô , =H HO = =z#C_ [ PH~
K PHe f=` = iH Q Hx~K^x =iH~Ô Ja_O .
FOA =HJ
#KO
~ Qi~z KiO > ^= =H( ~ ) =z W
J<O: ''k K# XH^x Ò ` =OH> "=_#~` =OH
~ O^. P
K# (1) O_ _= > kH #~_ L^~K_~ , (2) Q, (3) (=>_)
K` ^~, (4) ^*, (5) E* =E* ^_, (6) [` D W =O~
(J ) J=Ò}
, (7) q (=_ K@) H~y=_~, Ò ~`~, (8) t=
~`~, (9) JOa n~, (10) J^< #~_ Jy |î [<x (+
"^ #~ " ) `H=_~. (=~ ) (21:96 H ^ zH _ K_O_.)
542
(44. ^M<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
" # J=H_.) Jx J~>O. "= H g (HO =) Hx `y~.

Hx gO Q_ K# (` =uOH) # =m KO . P Ò "` g
"= ^ ^| " OA =~ k.3 POA "= ` H~_ gH uHO~
K=. (12-16)
giH O~ "= O <*ux W~> sHH QiK=. i ^QO H
j_# ^= =H =z W J<_: ''^=x ^# <H Jy~K~_.
<# gH~ =z# x*fO _# ^= =H# . ^=x@ uOQ@ "Y i
J=~a~KH~ _. <# g=~^ (<^` x=H~ Qi~z) Q> xÔ <
K`#. gO <g^ K ^_#~_ <# <H, gH "# ^=x
O}
~^#. gO <=@ XCHH` (Hh~) <g^ K K HH~_.
z=iH J`# gO <Ox (gi H_#~_ `##, `# J#KOe
H_=x) `# =x i~K_. (^xH) ''O, (XHOA) OuHO` <
ê fHx |Ô . (O <) q=e "~|__ . =^x ^x
=<# =k. D #=~` J~^ =xy`~k (Jx K_
^=_). (17-24)
"O Z< , `@, , J~^" # "_ =ê "O.
O O~QO~ Q " = ~` J#q ~z# Z< q== H_ "i "#H
L~_ . Wn "i (J~HOxH) O =#~. "= == x>H
WÒ e O Q K~. i û K g U_^ PH= U_
^ .4 "iH H H_ (|uH |@_) J=H~ W=^ . (25-29)
3. =H Jq ^= =H (~ )H =uOH~ Q q^+KO~ ==O~
KO. JC_ ^= =H () H$ u " s `~ O~ U^< tH = îHO" ##
L^ ~` ''^! H~=~> HO = `z <H ~ K Jx i~KO.
^~` =H HO =z~k. [ PHe` J_ O. JC_ YO+ <H
=H () ^QO H z ''D P^ #~_ [e H_=x ^ x i~KJx q#q~K
H<O. HO = `y~k. Hx O `= ` =uOH "Y i =#H^ .
P Ò` ^=_''"= g ^ ^|" OA =~ ^x Ki~K_. Wk
|^ ^~ Qi~z# KiH. |^ 1000 =~k Jq 313 =~k =~
Ku K=^| ux iO. i JQ<H J<H= ~k KxO
4. O h =$u@ =H U_^x DH
L~k. =i =
H Z=i =$u@ U_? nxH =^#~Q D H~k n K_O_.
''u =#=x H~ PH~ O~_ Ô~>. XH Ô~ Q~_ J`x
PO~ H~kH kQ`~k. O~_= Ô~ Q~_ J`x HO HH `. `x q
~z# ^_ Kx#C_ J`x =$u@ D O~_Ô U_. (uil)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(44. ^M<)
543
Dq^~ Q "= W ~ù"ix ZO` J==#HO" # tH #O_

H_, O< i #~_ q=H Hey~K=. ^ gO i O<
x[~Q K #` =~z# ^=x+! "= (W ~ù)i
iu è "iH ~ K~x WÒ *`H< ZH= ^#qK=.
iH "= K# xÔ < +" # sH L~_~k. (3033)
gO (O
Hx uO i) ''=HK è=O}~ `~` =Og ^ .
P `~` ==e =m |uH~z _ = ~@ [OQ^ . XH" h= Kk
x["` (Kx#) = ``=`è HO J#~>O. (34-36)
gO ">Q H `*u [? H iH O~ Qu~z#O?
<O
# HO}~Q< "ix "= O <#~ K=. (37)
"= =He, > =^ L# =x U^ `= H~
$+~K ^. >x "= (XH =#` H~ H~) `~ ukH
$l~K=. Hx K=~kH (D`~) è^. gO~^s (|uH~z)
_ xH XH xs`k #~ L~k. J^ fOk#~. POA U Pq `_ `#
}`_H Uq^~ Q# L Q_
_ . ^=_ Z=i<< H>H `
"iH Z~> ~ a~K^ . x~^ ~Q ^=_ = H= ~`_,
JO ^ =_. (38-42)
` [Y" (J< XH OH" # <Q*= _) K@ ` H~_ u#
= L~@~k. K=O `@~> PÔ~ "i @H =OQ
Hz# h> H`H ` L_H `~k. ''@H~_ "_. |O|O D_ fHo
#OH~ =^ qi_
~_. HQ h>x "_ <ug ^ H=i~K~_...
''WHK _ nx Oz. #= = QO=h_"# ^ =x+q H^ !... gO
W~`H~Q ~q ~ ^ ^ Jx ~^ ~ _# q+ ~ W^. (43-50)
(POA) ^=cuO ~` x~5 (K>) O~_
L^# =< L~>O. > [s @= î~z XHiHHO
Z^~ ÔQ HO~>O. Wn "i " = ~! "iH "= ZO> ^ K`
''[` W J (Ol) H^# ~ HO~, q =$u @ q # OA
^H ^d~ k. (H )
5. Ox WH_ ~` x~Q =i~K_~ [iy~k. J~> WH_ Z~>
H, H_Q ~ _, P^
, P~^#H PO~x ~u x~ J#=@. ^= =H
(~) =K#~ HO~ ''O H (^=^`) W K|Ò: ''WH_ gO
ZC _ POQ~Q L~>O. Z#_ [|_O . `~Q rq~z L~>O. ZC_
KxO. HH~ Y~`` L~>O. U<_ Z~> ûH #HO.
ZC _ =HQ< L~>O. Z#_ U=`~ =$^
HO. (=~ )
544
(45. * )
Y~P< "=$Ò
q<`Q O^~OQe Wz q"~ K=. OH_ Z~>

pHz~` H ~_ Q HOx OHO H O ` ~KH~>O.
=O}~ "i î^H O^ ~ K~ XHi =z# =O}" =O}~.
^=_ `# H>H~ ` "ix #OH `# #~_ OH _ . W^ Jx>H~ >
#q[~ (O= H~ ). (51-57)
=H! [ `^ ~ HOH "g Q~^x gH è#+
Ò~ K~. WH h= ZÔK~ _, "O ZÔK~ >O. (58,59)
45. H|_# O (* )
J=Ò} : =H
H: 37
D J^x ''* J~>O. Wk 44= J^~ Ò "` g

H~ J=ì~z L~_=Kx `~k. W~^ W~Kq~K 44= J^
~ q~z# q+ "OH fO O#|_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

-g. Wk = H= O`_, q"H= ~`_~# ^=x #~_ J=`
i~z# Q~^~ . `x q~K"iH =H J<H xÔ <<.
g @H
H_ L<. ^=_ ~* # [~`*~ H_ #"
"iH Q xÔ <<. O~|= KH= }~, PH~#~_ ^=_
k~K Lk (=O~ ), `Ô P# =$` qH r=~ ( =~
K) H , Q K#~# |n*< HiH J^` xÔ <
L<. (1-5)
W=h ^=x xÔ <. g>x "= h=~^ L#q=#@ q=i
<~. ^=_, P# xÔ <, He =k WH Uq+ x O q
O? (6)
J|^HO, ^+O_# u"_H q<~ (O>) L~k.1 J`x
1. J|^~ O" # =x D H K|`~k. =O H
W L~k: ''H#H
qQ =e<xH Ô~Q L~_~_, J` ~ H_x q_<_~_. (22:30)
J|^~ J<H J#OH, hu=e# #H îf~ k. J|^= _#x, ZC _
` H`#x Q>Q xO
~KH# =H Ô# ~, ^~Q`# ~, =aKO~, =^
=#~ K _ . HO}~ qKO} [iy` J`# x[~ K|`_. `` e `~Q ^ k
[OQ`~k. J~^= x[~ K =x+ D K_ QH, WÒ J<H K_ H_ =#
H~>_. J|^~ Qi~z ==H (~ ) W =z~KO:
''J|^= _@~ Z> iu # Ô =`~ H^. iQ << , i~Q
<< J|^= _O^. g
H U^< W=x K , W=H` Jk H_ Ô =`~
Y~P< "=$Ò
(45. * )
545
=~^ ^=x H qx#C_ J`# >x q#_xH` ZQ

q~>_. Hx P `~` >x q#<^ # @ àO` ~`xH, `#
Jq "Yi< Q>Q #"HxL~>_. J~> "_H ÔO`#
HKHxL~^x O qx~K! = `^ U^< J`x ^$+H = ^x
ZQòK ZQOQ __ . J~>"iH J==#HO" # `# (^~ Q) L~k.
"i=~^ #OH~ (~z)L~k. O ~k~KH#^n "iH xH
O^. "O ^=_ =ê `=H ~OHH Q K H# q^^ "ix
P^H=. "iH~ f="# `# L~k. Wk =OÔH Q~^~. `=
= H q~Kx"i H~ J`~` ^HO"# (#OH)`#
HKHx L~k. (711)
g H~ =^x J^ L~z#_ ^=_. `# P^~ ` F_
#_=_xH, `Ô gO ^ #Q ~ (Lk) J<+~z `#H H$`[`

K_xH W K_. (P=@H =) P# =H L# =x
g L QO" J^ L~K_. z~K"iH W~^ Q K#
L<. (12,13)
=H! q~z#iH W è*: ''^=x #~_ `=H
î< î~K=x xO~Q L~_i K+e KK_#@ =k
~_. ^=_ XH =OxH ^x K+H `y# ^+~ KqK_. Z=O
Ò~ K_ Jk J`xH " KHO~k. =O=O ÔxH
_`_ ^x ^+e `~ J`# J#q _ . z=iH J~Ô `= =
^Qi H =#O. (14,15)
W~`H O~ "= W ~ùH Q~^x, q"Hx, ^= ^`x
k~K=. "iH "= +" # r=#=y J#Q ~K=. =`
~K =#= "iH B#`xz, Ô~ Qi~z +"# `=
WKO. Hx P `~` i q^ _ J~> (J*#~ =H^),
k=*#~ =z# Ò ` (^x qi~K_~ =) _ . JnQH O
O O~ XHiHHO J<~ K HEO. O qk # q+ #
Qi~z O k<# ^=_ `H~_ fO K_. (16,17)
==^ (~ )! P Ò ` "= x# Ô ~ q+ ~ KH x
OK@ x>=. H|> h= J^ @ #_. (Ô ) *#~ xi
H^. (J J^| =^ ) (4:31 H ^ zH "^> O K_~_.)
''h= J` "# XH q+ x h Ô xH x[=x #"@@ K _~ =
q `H~. (J|^=^) (WÒ q=OH 22:30 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
546
(45. * )
Y~P< "=$Ò
=<~K# h= Z#>H J#i~KH. (J K) ^=xH =uOH~Q

"O hH Uq^~Q# LQ_O. ÔO XHiHHO `.
^= cuO H ^=_ `_. (18,19)
D (YOP<) Q~^~ =` =#o H~ +" # K# `x
q~K"i H~ =O^ i x, HO}^x. (20)
ÔH _`#O `=#, `x q~z Ò
K#"ix "= XHQ@# H\"=x q<O? "O
K=|`H ("> O=<) XH> J=`#H~@<O? K
`C_ PK# ik. Z~> J<~ [OQH~_ u =x+H J`x
~^#H `y# u
~ W=_ xH ^=_ =He ` ~ ukH
$+~ K_. (21,22)
=<~Ke ^= ~Q K H#_2 Qi~z h"C _< Pz~K?
J`# q^*< Hey=< ^=_ J`_ î ` OK_. J`x $^
H"> =" _ K=H "_ H H Q~`H>_ . ^=_ J
K# `~` WH J`xH Z=O î KQ
O? gO Q}O~ <O HO?
''rq`=~> D ~ Krq`" . WH_ =#~ Ke, WH_ |`He.
H KH= }~ ` =#e Un <#~ K ^ J~>O gO. 3 gi ^QO
Z~> (` )*#~ ^ . gO H =~ TQ< K < O. (23,24)
q+ +` Hey# =H
qx# C_ ''h= Kk x[=`
= ``=`è HO J~>O "O. "iH KC : ''^=_ q=e
|uH < _, K~`<_. P Ò ` P< q=e (=m |uH~z)
k<# =" O _ . POA ` H~_ =~ k. J~^ Z~>

J#=#~ ^ . Hx K=~kH (D ` ~) è^. (25,26)
=H O=`~ P#^. UOA
_ =z_
`~^ POA J`x J~>@H #O O~Q #+ Ò. (27)
2. q=OH 25:43 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.
3. =# ^ ~H P` ZH_~z =z~k uiy ZH_H " ~ k J< q+ xH
< =Y~ W=~. =x+ è QO ~ #~z > z=iH =>
H`_x,
W^~` H~ `K =O ` =Og ^~ >O. gO M Hey#C_ =~z
OAx Hx Q_Ò. H =z#C_ K_ OAx `Q _Ò.
D q+x Qi~K ==H (~) W =z~KO: ^=_ Dq^~Q
J~@<_- ''=#=_ Hx `Q_` (x*xH) ## "k<_. P HxH
[=xx <<. H~ `#~`@ `# U~ K Q^? u h < Ku< L~k. <<
O~|=# XH ^x Ò ` XH> =>=>H fH< #. (|Mi)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(46. JM)
547
POA u=O~ (h_~` <K K) "H g^

KuH|_ L~_@~ hH Hx~ k. JC_ u=Oh `# HO z> "
O=x =_~ [OQ`~k. `~ "` (^=_) W J~>_: ''DOA gH
g HOH u~ W=|_`~k. Wq "= Ò K~z# HO
`. gQi~z Wq L#q L#@ Hq. (~K~) gO
K # ^~` "= (Z>H C _) " L~_"~. (28,29)
P Ò ` `x q~z uH rq`~ Q_ # "ix "i =
`# HO}KH fH~>_. W^ J q[~ (O= "H~ ). (30)
Jqe W xn_~ [OQ`~k ''(^H ) gH =H

qx~ _"O H^? Hx gO JH~~` qOgQ` <O
O.
'^=x "Q#~ ` "# ^x,
~ ~q ~K_~ Z~> ~^ ~
^x K|`#C_ gO (xOHi) '
=~> Uq> =H è^.
J^^ TH#x = J#=#~. ^x g^ =H
#=H~ HÔ_ ~
^ Jx K"O. (31,32)
JC_ "i=~^ "O K# #x K_ q> |@|=`.
"O ^x Qi~z # K~_"O ^x LK< _Ò. `~`
"i` (^= ^`) W J~>O: ''<> ="x gO (P<_) Z q
i~KO DOA "= H_ q=e qi< ~. WC_ g x"
~
#OH" . WH gH=O ~ K O. gO ^=x He J ~ KO.
q=e ~ K rq`~ "y~z~k. J~^H gH Ôu >~ k.
H#H DOA "ix #OH~ #~_ q=H Hey~K_~Qx, H=}
HOHx ^= # ` ~^=x "iH K _~ Qx [OQ^ . (33-35)
H|> (W>H< ` ~ Uq> `H~_.) =H =, O
H q J# ^=_ H
q^ ~ H JO_. =` =H
#`, B#` P#H a. P# JO H=~`_,
J=# qH= ~`_. (36,37)
46. WHH~_ < (JM)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 35
D J^x ''JM (WH H~_ <) J~>O. ^= =H (~ )

Ô KO~ H~ ` "o uiy =#C_ H =H Ki# Ò`
#|gH~ PO H U_= @ D J^~ J=ì~z L~_=K. W~^
l# (`) =H (~) ^QOHz YOP< q# ~@# L~k.
=Y~Q Jq + "Yix q=i iH ^=x UH`~, OH
i}=e Qi~z k~K_~ [iy~k.
548
(46. JM)
Y~P< "=$Ò
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~
-g". Wk JO H ~ #_, J=# q"H= ~`_# ^=x

^QO #~_ J=ì~z# Q~^~ . "= =He, "> =^ ## =
== e ` ~ ukH XH xs`= =k H~ $+~ KO. Hx D Jq
`=# Ki~z K # ÔxH q=Y O. (13)
=H! "ix J_Q: ''^=_ =ê gO i# Hq>
ZC_< gO H Òz
KO? Jq H~ U~ $+~ K H <H
K~K~_. h PHxO}~ "> ` Uq> K ~_. g Ja~
x[=` nxH O~ (g #=HH OA=Q) =z# Q~^~ Qx, ^
U^< (^q H)*#~x Hx J~Qx g ^QO ~> fHO~_. (4)
^=_ =ê ~^H `= O#H ~k~Kx q^^#
"O@H <"_ H~> q~z# =O + _ =O=O~>O? Q "O@
H< "O `=# "O@H~@<O# ~Qu H_ P q^^H
è^! J~`H^, =#=~` =" O K | _ (
)k<# "O `=#
i~z#"iH `=Ò "i *OO# uOiO. (5,6)
q+ +` Hey# = H
qx~K_~ Ô ` ~ "i =~^H
=z#C_ D ` uOO ^x Qi~z ''W^~` =*~ J~>O.
^= O^ ~_ nx ~Q He~KH<_x J~@<O gO? J`
iH KC : ''<<H" nx ~Q He~KH~>, ^=x @#~_ gO
## U=Ò H_O . gO He~z K|`# =@# Qi~z ^=xH
Q`. (D q+ ~) <H gH =^ ^=_ H. (H#H W>H<
g "Y
i =OH~>) P# Z~` Hq ~K"_, HO }OK"_. (7,8)
==^ (~ )! iH ~Qu H_ è*: ''<<g D<_
H`Q =z# =H# H#. (<~> =H O~ H_ Z~Ô =z
O.) O g q+ "< , < q+ "< U==`~^ <# K #.
<# < ^QO H # k"q+$ux J#i# _ =`" . <# (q+ ~
Qi~z [#) +~Q Ki~K"_ ` =Og H#. (9)
"iH KC : ''Wk ^=x ^QO ~_ =z# } J=~_, ^x gO
uO i (O
k<# g Q`= =`~k)? nx Qi~z Pz~KO
gO? W~>^ (Q`~ ) XH"} =z#C_ W ~ùH K~k# XH
H ^xH J#OQ H qK_. (Jk k~K `x) J`# q~
K_. Hx gO =`~ QO `~ O. J~> ÔO
H ^=_
Z#>H ^ k k~K_ . (10)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(46. JM)
549
Jq q~z#"ix q=i ''D Q~^x q~K_~ =~z

#`, nx q+ ~ (=[~ Z~> O TO x) gO ==e
q~zO H^ J~@<O. DQ~^~ #~_ <O~ ~^H O
Q#H "O nx `H~<> H> O}=x ` H~_ J~>O. (11)
nxH O~ = (=H)H W=|_# (Ò`) Q~^~ (=#=
e@) =~^ i xQ, (^= )HO}~Q =z~k. WC_ Q~^~ ^x (` `#)
^$ gHi ÔOe Ki~K_xH, <O "Y i J=~a~K"iH O
J~^*
_xH JOc + J=ì~z~k. (12)
^=_ `= =x eH, P=@ < O ~ Q L~_iH (O
H~)
Z~>
~Qx, ^Y~Qx L~_^ . J~>"iH O " ~ a ~ k.
"O H~ K# ÒH u
~Q< D O Q~ a ~ k.
JH_ O HH~ (Y~``) L~>O. (13,14)
"= =#=xH `# è^ ~ _ @ `=O# Hey=~_x P^t~
K=. J`x è J`_ Z~` =Hi `# QO ~ @Hx "~k. Z~`
=_ J`_ H#k. J`_ QO ~ @Hx "_xH, P `~ "`
=x~K_xH =
< >~ k.1 z=iH J`# iQ H= ~`_=
`_. (J) # xH KO H# `~` J`# W i_ :
'' ! h= <H, < è^ ~ _H K# "H <# h@ H$À_

L~_ ^ k k~K. h # `Q~ a~K@@=~> Ò K
^ k H_ k~K. < ~`<x H_ [# Q K <H Mx=.
<# hH q^
}# ^_. < H <# ` _ ` ##
Hq ~K=x h xk "_ H~@<#. (15)
D qÔ Q "= =#= (Q`) ^+O# Hq ~z "i ` Oe
Hi< O. W~>"~ `=H K |_# ` Q< HO~ O
KiÒ. (16)
nxH a#~Q =OH =H `# è^ ~ _e D_~ KH~@ ''p! gO
ZH=~k. <# KxH (=m |uH~z) =k #~_ ##
Òx gO ## ÔQ_<O? =i <H O~ Z< Ò
1. QO ~ î ~z, a_# Hx, @_ xH "`~ =
< _ ~ ^x D
H
L~k. 2:233 H
` `= a_
H iQ O~_ >x L~k.
31:14 H
a_ =^_xH O~_ (24 <) >~ ^x L~k. nx|>
Hh~ 6 < QO ~ î ~z, i a_# H#_~ ^ "#x `~k. J~^=
+sJ`"`
U J< # POH a_# H~>, H=~ ^x HO}~Q P"
g^ =aKOx~^ "_xH g^ x xO
~KO.
550
(46. JM)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Qu~K H^! (i XHO =k #~_ z O^! !) Jx J~>_.

^xH J`x è^ ~ _ ^ x "O@H # `~` ''Fi ÔQ _!
(==@) #=. ^= Q#~ ` "# kJ#~>O. Hx J`# (àO`)
''W=h OH~<> H> O} ` =Og H^ J#~>_. (17)
W~>"iH (#OH)tH xO~ =i~k. (W~> K+H _)
Qu~z# l<, =#=*` gO KiO. x~^ ~Q gO #+ Ò.
u=OxH ^x HO e |> J~`
~>. "O K H# HO H
i u
~ W=_xH W [OQ`~k. "iH~> J<~ [OQ^ .
Ò ` D Jqe #OHy =~^ x> "i` (^= ^`)
W J~>O: ''gO ~K rq`~ g ">H =z# i~^h
`xqfO J#q ~z H*O. JnQH JH_ Z~> hu <~ H ~_
J~HO~` qOgQO. Z< JH=H, JÔ H _O . `` O=
#~Q DOA gO J`~` J==#HO" # tHQ (#OH) `#H Qi
H`<O. (1820)
P^(*u) Ô x =$`~`~ qx~K. JC_`# (J~> ^=H)
WH H~_ <# 'JM (Ô KO~ K ) `# *u[# XH
L^=~ Qi~z Ki~K_--W Ki~KO Q`~ , P `~` H_
=zO- ''^=_ ` =O=ih POk~KH~ _. <# g q+ ~ XH
~HO k<# ~q ~K L^=~ Qi~z

_ `<# Jx K
i~K_`# . (21)
^xH J`x *u[ (`x J~wHi~K_xH xOHi) ''==e
= ^=` #~_ Ô~ K _xH =K"? O, h= ` =~`_=~`,
==e Ô Q _# P L^=~ Uq> fHO K^~ J<O. (22)
''P ~Qu ^=xH `. <# <Hz ~# ~^~ =`" gH
J~^*<#. Hx gO K J*#~, =_`` =i#@
Jx~k <H J<_ "i Ô _. (23)
(FOA) P L^=~ " O~ `= " O=_~ K
''D " =#H~` [#~ Hey J<O "O (~|O_ `)
''H^, Wk gO Q_ `~Ô ># L^=~. W^H #`<, O" #
P^ "H~k. Jk `# [` (q=e) O <#~ K ~ k. (24)
z=iH P L^=~ "i qOKH_, i x
` iQ
`_z>~ k. W "= `H u
q< ~. (25)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(46. JM)
551
"= "iH gH=x i~^

< WKO. "iH "= H , K=,
$^ H_ WKO. Hx "i H Qx, K=Qx, $^ Qx Ug
iH LQ_^. HO}~ O ^=x He (#K) xOHi
~ _"O. z=iH "O `= # K# ^x LK< _ O. (26)
g K@H ~`x J<H T# "= <#~ K=. P
[ `= "Y
i =#H~>O" #x, "= = H
~ J<H O
J<H q^ #K*=. "O ^=_ =ê WÒ H e ^= q ^<
Q q~z l~K"O. =i Jq "ix (P^ =~) Z~^H P^
H^? Jq i #~_ (Z_) H#=OQ~ . Wn "i
J`, J `H
# O =#~. (27,28)
(` u~~ =O ~ @# QOK

:) "= l# =~
XH ^x YOP< "} q<~^H h^QOH ~=.2 "O (h= YOP<
i#) xH KOHx ~~O x|~Q L~_~_x J<O. YOP<
O# ~ =y# Ò ` "O Ki~K"OQ `= *u [ ^Qi Ho
(Ô ^ K ) "i` W J<O:
''=*u ÔO! ""H (J^`) Q~^~ q<~. Wk =
x+=} Ò ` J=ì~z~k. O~ J=ì~z# (^= )Q~^# ^$ gH
2. ==H ==^ (~ ) Ô KO~ H~ `~ "o JH_ iu
J#He~K#~^# ^` $^ ~` =m =H >xH uOQ=Y~ >O .
î P# #M J< K@ q_k KO. P Ou P# #=A YOP
l# ( `) =~ XH> ^$zH~ Q J@=z YOP< ^ q#k. J`
D ~Qu ^==H (~)H U=`~ è^. P Ò` ^=_ D ~@#
Qi~z k"q+$u Ô P#H è*_.
YOP< =#=H" QH l#H~ H_ =z~k. H|\ D ~ @#
l# YOP< qx q~KO. Ò ` O `= *u [ ^Qi Ho ^x
KO~ H_ KO.
D ~ @# Ò` l# ÒK
Q ^= =H () xkH =z YOP< qx
`~_O. ^= =H () =H L#H~ l# Dq^~ Q POO =z
Ox `~k. Hx ne |> ^= =H () l# q[ xs` =xH
F ` H xO# ^ xHo YOP< i~ KOx, JC_ l# P# K@Ki P
^= }x ^Q q<"Ox `~k. (=ix q=OH 72:1-15 H
K_~_.)
=>` $l~K|_# =#= =kiQ< Jy` $l~K|_# l#H H_
^=_ =~p K_ qKH}
*#~, > `= Hi# ^x J=~a~K K
k~K_. J~^= l#H H_ O #OH L<.
(6:128 H ^ zH` @, =iHx q+ H 72:1-15 H
K_~_.)
552
(47. ==^)
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i~k. ` ~, <O " =O^ O #~ K ~ k. H#H =*u Ô O!

^=x " eKx J~^H~_. Px q~K~_. ^=_ g
`C =x_ . q=e OtH #~_ OH _ . (29-31)
^=~^ KOHx =@ q#x_ ~K~ ^=x @ #~_
` ~KH_ . J~`H^, ^=x @ #~_ H_Qe Q U H_Qx,
~OHH_Qx J`xH a~K_. W~>"O iQ =O+`~ _
O. (32)
=He $+~z#"_H, ">x $+~K_~ U=`~ Jx
"_H =$è |uH~K H H_ L~@~^x "iH è^? P# u
h KQ =O_, O H=~`_. (33)
D Jq# #OHy =~^H `z x> OA ''Wk "=~
H^? Jx "ix J_QÒ (^= ^`).
^xH "O ''= ". = = H! (Wk "= ") J~>O.
JC_ ''J` g uOOxH O=#~Q (#OH) `# Kq
K_~_ Jx K _~ [OQ`~k. (34)
H#H =H! J## Ô Q =H
#~ =~z#@ h=
#~ =~K. gi q+ ~ `~Ô _ H . gO `=H Ki~K|_`#
^x K OA =z#C_, giH `= H~ XH _ H~ H<
ZH= =#@ Jx~k. (h ^` <O"i~k.) q+~ ("iH)
J~^*
|_~k. WH Ô` ` Z=O <#==Ò? (35)
J=Ò}
: =n<
47. ==^ (~ )
H: 38
D J^~ r H~ O~_= O=`~O |^ ^xH O~

=n< J=` i ~z~k. = ~ =H =^ e =n<H = <
ù~~~# =H YO+ "ix "<_@~, HqO K~
_@O =#H^. JnQH =H W~H L~_# =~#
f=~Q "k~ K"~ _. =O " "~ =n< @O ^_K =~ #
ÒQ JO`"OkOK PK# H_ KQO. J~> iu
D J^~ J=ì~z~k.
W~^ =~# =#H~Q ^xH =`~ K~^H `y#
`= W=|_. =O " Jq, H@q J=~a~z#
`qO^ "Yix YO_, "ix ~H ^+i}# QiOz f=OQ
Ki~K_~ _ [iy~k. z=O ^==O~ ^#`Q# Qi~z
=~# O~K_~ [iy~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(47. ==^)
553
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~
Z=O `x uOi~z, [# ^==O~H OhH~_
xOkO "i HOe ^=_ x+~ K_. nxH a#~Q Z=O `x
q~z, ^KO ~#, ==^ () J=ì~z# ^x H_
qO- Jk i = #~_ =z# ` "}- ^=_ J~> "i
K_"< L~> ">x Ô~K "i iux KH|O_. (1, 2)
nxHO}~ Jq J`x J=~a~KO q `=
= #~_ =z# `x J#i~KO. Dq^~Q ^=_ =#=
u Q` L#q L#@ è* < _. (3)
H#H gs (=H) Jqe ZÔ= =z#C_ "@"
^@
"i "_# #OH~_. "ix iQ J}z"# `~"` Mn# Q>Q
H>"
~_. P `~ "` ^~ (K `=) P^ H~^ _" =OH
(Mn q+ ~) gO LHO|k`#~< =i~K~_ ^ #+ i O
=~< fH~_.1
1. ^ Mn @ LHO |k` =i~K_= ~> i +}, OH}
`kÒ
q+ LÔ =~` ==i~K_~ , ^ i O~ fHH~_ Hq ~z =ê
@_~ =QO Z< ^` <. L^: WH_ XH ~ @# O~@<#.
|Mi, =~ Q~^ HO~ == ~`~ <H_# == a<
L XH ^~ Mn Q @|_ =z#C_ ^= =H (~ ) J`_ ''==!
h Ja~ Uq>? Jx J_QO. ^xH == W J<_: ''gO ## `
=i` q=~# OH~ Q XH =Hx `=i# O=Ò. XH" gO <H "
K, K# "# ^ QO~ KH< XH =HH " K# O=Ò. XH" gO
< ^QO ^# ~ fHê <x=_xH ^~ Q L<#, J_Q~ _ Z~`H.
^= =H (~ ) Dq^~ Q =_OA J_QO. J_y# us J`# WQ
=^#qK_. z=iH ^= =H (~ ) J`_ q_z@=x P^t~KO.
== M^ #~_ q_^ HQ< g~x XH X Ho #~ K
^= =H (~ ) ^QO H uiQK_. P# =~^ ^ K#~ (He=) i~ z =~
J_.
J_# ^= =H (~ )` ''nxH O~ <# J~îH~> ZH= q=e,
Jx Ô H< ZH= g Ô x ^+~K_. Hx DOA <# J~îH~> ZH=
q=e, Jx Ô H< ZH= g Ô x Ja=x< # Jx J<_.
P Ò` P# L= ` H~ =H "o JH_ YO+ <He
L^t ''WH #~_ ==^ (~ )Qi J#=u H ~_ gH Z== #~_
Z~> ^#~ ~_~ [OQ^ x Ki~KO. J K KO H_. ^~` =H
YO+
^= =H (~ ) ^QO H z ''^ K Z== #~_ =K ^<x =H
OO HH~_ x^ K~KH~ _ Jx q#q~KH<O.
554
(47. ==^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
Wg gO K =# #. ^=_ `KH~> (g*H~ H ~_)

~Q< "i O ` ~ > _. Hx P# q=e XHi Ô =OHix
sH~ K_xH (D û J=~a~K_). ^= =O~ K~|_#i HO e
^=_ Z#>H x+
~ K _. "iH P# (`# # `Q~ ~^) î
K_ "i iu KH|O_ P Ò` "ix (W~`H =~^)
iK~ K# O~ "t~*_. (4-6)
qO! gO Q#H ^=xH ~K ^=_ gH ~
K_ . g ^# (^~ ) O ~ Q L~K`_. (7)
WH ` uOO q+ xH, "iH q<~ (O>) L~k. ^=_
"i ## _î >~K_. HO}~ (=#= =OÔ#~ H~)
P# ~#^x "O JOK<O. J~^= ^=_ "i HOe
x+
~ K_. "O ~ K~ uiy `=H O~ Qu~z#iH Z~>
Qu >~ ^ K_^ ? ^=_ "ix <=O H ~_ `_z>_ .
J~> Ô` D uOO H_ O> L~k. (8-10)
^xHO}~, q~z#"iH HxQ, ~OHHxQ ^=_<_.
uOOH U H_, ~OHH_ _. `x q~z ^KO
~# # ix ^=_ O =~K O=< "
t~*_. ùOO ~K~ H<@ = u~@,
`Q` rq` Q Q J#q O . P `~ "` "i J~u= x~
#OH= =`~k. (11,12)
==^ (~)! x# "Q># @~ H< Z~` H, "`
``y# > Q`~ Z< L~_q. J~> ># (`~ ) "=
`_z>O. JC_ "ix H_ <^ _ H _. (JqH XH
q+~ QOK) XH =H `# = Ò# +"# =}~`
<O~ L<_. nxH a#~Q =<~K
H x# O H~Ô <O.
"i Ô "iH =<O "#qQ K|_~. =i gO
=#==Ò? (13,14)
H
H"iH "Q#~ K |_# O~ = " = ~Q L~@~k.
JH_ J}=`~ H_ H+`~Hx i"# hOQ (K>)
O, U=`~ Oz Hx K" # #^, # H
Jq` OzHO~ Q L~_ "O} "h, Z~` xO=~# `< OO
(xO~Ò~ ) = L~>. JH_ Jx ~H O_ a~. "i =
Ò # "iH =x~ Q~ H_ L~@~k. O~ D =Qh
~^ =x+, #OHH ~ (<<`# J#q ) ZH~ _= ~_
Y~P< "=$Ò
(47. ==^)
555
"_ =#==Ò? (Z#>H HO.) #OH~ L~_"iH `Q~^H

=iQ hiO . P hO "i Qe `~ =_" ~ k. (15)
gi H~Ô K= iH~z h=@ q#_xH` Q< q~>O.
Hx h ^QO~z "o, *#Q~ k~K|_#ix HHx
''WC_ # QO K ~^q@~_? Jx J_QÒ. (D xOH ~, H>
HO}~Q<) ^=_ "i $^ H> =" _. gO
`= =<
~K
H x O. <OQ =H =@H ^=_ =i~` <O=
~|# |k k~z, "i =i~` ^= cux ~~k~* _ . (16,17)
(O gi ~Q`q>?) O`Q `= ~ qOKH_x
^xH~ xsH<O gO? ^x K# W\H |~`=~.
J~` Jk =z_` "iHH `^ ~ Hi~K J=H~ ZH_~@~^h?
H#H =H! `H, ^=_` =O PO^ _ _ . H= } HOH
h O@H , q~z# O+ O@H H_. ^=xH g HOH
, g x"
Jh `. (18,19)
q~z#"O, (Ô^~ Qi~z) U^< J^~ Z~^H
J=ì~K ^? Jx J_Q`<O. Hx ^=# +~Q L#
J^~ J=ì~KQ< $^ (H@) OQ=#"i "Yi h=
Q=x~K= H^! O =$`= P=~z# =x+ K#@ (aÒ
H `") h" K_QO. H#H "iH q<~ (O>)L~k. O
Juq#~ XH H =~z=@ HÒ. Hx Hz`"# P[
=z#C_ (^#~_ #~ z`y O ). "O ^=x ^QO K# "Q#~
x@Hx L~> "iH~` " [iQk. (20,21)
(H@O!) gO Q#H (D #`# qxH) q=Y (J<QiH
q^#~ ") ` ~K~ =m JOKH~, JH OHu
O O~ XHi Q~` =OHO HH~>O. J~`H~ > g#~_ =O~
Pt~KQ
~? (22)
gO ^=Q. ^=_ gix (`~H#x) J~^Q,
(`H q#x) |kOQ K_. gO YOP< (``)# Qi~z
Pz~K^? H i $^H> =H? `~,
<O +~ Q =~^H =z# Ò` H_ ">H q=Y O.
J~^H +`< "iH~ W~> (H@
)"Y
ix ~ K, xx P
"i ~z+~K_. (23-25)
D HO}~Q< "O, ^=_ ~# r=# q^<x ^+~K"i` ''Hx
556
(47. ==^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
q+ "= g=> q~>~ J<O. "O [i# D O =~`

< ^=xH Q `. =$`^` "i } f, "i =M,
g# z@Q_ fH # C_ "i iu Z L~@~k? (26,27)
"O ^=x #` =O~ `z, P#H PQ~ `~K
K+
H _O . J~^H ^=_ "i HO e x+
~ K W tH < _.
$^ (H@) OQ=#O, `= $^ ^y# Hx ^=_
|@| K _x q< O? (28,29)
"= `KH~> ix h H H K~KQ
O. "i =M K<
h= "ix Qi=. "O =>_ Ô}x |> Qi~K=K. gO K #
h ^=xH Q `. g O z
`
= ~, g~=O |~OQ~ z
2
g i` xQ`
_xH ^=_ q=e ` H~_ sH _ . (30,31)
Jq ^= =O~ P@~H $+~ K_" QH ` ~, <O
+~ Q "i =~^H =z#>H ^= =H` [Q_~ @H <O. J<
"O ^=xH Z~> #+~ Hey~KO . ^=_ "i HO # x+
~ K_ .
qO! gO =`~ ^=xH, ^= =HH q^
=H~_.
(K*` ) g HO e <#~ K HH~_. (QO~ KH~_,) `x uO i~K
ix, ^==O~ P@~H $+~K"ix, KK^H ùOO~<
_= ~_"ix ^=_ Z#>H Hq ~K_ . H#H gO Ô ~ H (Jq
`) Or_H ~ _. (Ô ~` ==i) gO q[~ kO . ^=_
gH `_Q L<_. P# g H$+x Z#>H ==K _. (32-35)
D ~zHrq`~ XH P@, `= (O\ =<=K@) =`" .
gO q
H
` #_K H~> ^=_ gH O=e# u
~ `
H~_ k_ . P# q=e g i~^ W==x J_Q@
~ ^ .
P# g ^< x J_y`, K ìy =OH W==x J_Q`~> gO
< i`#~ KÒ. W ^=_ g |#`# |@__ . (36,37)
q#~_, ^= =O~ ^# ~ YO@=x q=e HO_~ [OQ`~k.
Hx g H~Ô < i`#~ =< O. J` < i`#~ =#
_ x*xH `# ~` q+~< <i`#~ =<_ (Jx O
`H"e). ^=_ xOHO_. gO (= J=OH) P#
PÔ_ O. gO Q#H (= P[H) q=Y` ^=_ g #~ H`Q
=O *ux `z_`_. "O g =i~KO . (38)

2. WÒ q=OH 2:155, 29:3 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
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48. q[~ (` )
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D J^x ''` (q[~) J~>O. Wk r H~ PO=@

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=n<H uiy =#C_ î J=ì~z~k.
^==H (~) `# J#KO` =H "o L= (H Ô#~)
K#@ FOA HQ<O. ^x PKO} >~^H P# H<
Ò` 1400 =~k c(J#KO)` =H |ÔO. D ~Qu
è =H YO+ =~# J_H=_xH <x ~O.
Dq^~Q =~ L= K_xH^, ^~ K_xH =KOx
JO| KO~ K=Kx O Z`Q_ "O.
J` ^==H (~)H D =KO~ è~k. P# "~@< P
î =i "~ îQ~_ }~ y~KO. z=iH Z~` =
Hi =H #~_ 30 Hg@O Ô~ L# â ~`xH
KOHx JH_ q_k KO.
â ~`~ <H_ |^
a< =O ^= =H ()# HHx
"i OHH HO}~ J_Q_. ^= =H () `= H~Ô #~ H~ =`"
=K=x è*O. |^ =H "o D q+" YO+ <HH
è*, HÔ#~ H~ =# D uHe J_H=_~ =~H^x
WK_. Hx YO+ <H J`x # MÒ K^.
"O Jc+ `Q <H_ a< J=# ^`"`Q
xq~z ^==H () ^QOH ~O. =~# ZQ< uiy "o
X~Kx KO. ^= =H (~ )` =>__ xH "_.
Hx J`#H_ iu K PO_. ==~` H` nH
|x, ``~|~k` ^ î~z L<O. i =~^ "_H `H"#
> H># YOh(|e) X~> x|_ L<. D ^$~ K J`#
gO ^~ K _xH H^, HÔ #~ H~ =`" =KOx Q ~K_.
J~K` J`# ^==H ()# HHH~_< =H "o_. YO+
H D ~Qu è ''gO H q``# kQ*O` "ix J_H~>
"= g` Hi~K= Jx +~Q K_ .
Hx YO+ `= =~H`<x =^H Di =O <H_
LO a< ==^x ~O. J`# H_ "z, =HJ
#KO QOH x
~ ''gO Z~> i` `_`<O gO `H~_ Jx
K_. PÒ` YO+ =~# Hq~K_xH FOA Ou"
=~k qH~_# ~O. "Oo =~ taO }, O
qOO. =~ "~@< "x ix |~k~z =H (~) =~^
558
(48. ` )
Y~P< "=$Ò
">O. J` P# ix Hq~z =ê>O. =OHi Ò

*=# 80 =~k ^ =z #=A K# =~ "O^_
KO. z=iH O H_ @|_O. ^==H (~) ix H_ Hq~z
=ê>O. W Hq~z H~ @H# YO+ Z`Q_ hO
Qi~k.
P Ò` ^==H (~) OO~ H~ [` L< (Ol)x
=H ~~KO. [` L<(Ol) "o `= ^~ K _xH O^x ,
HÔ#~ KHx "o`=x J<O. Hx YO+ ^xH qO
J~wHi~K^. Q Px =H#~_ "x=H~_ PL~KO. DQ
L<x `KOx HO >~k. P# uiy OH=_~` =~
D"O x["#x PQ^QO. O[hux L~~z ^`"`# `
=O_~ J~> YO+ +~Q ^H@# K_". J~^=
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(Ol) =H #~_ uiQKO. YO+ <H XH_Q "#H `y OrH~
a< J"x ~~KO. =z ^==H ()` nO KO
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ux^ J~wHi~KO.
(1) D ~=Ò~ ==^ (), P# J#KO L= K H~_
"oÒ. =K_ L= H~ =z O =H =_ OA
=`" L~>O. J` `= "~@ XHH Y_~ =`~ `K H~>O.
Jk ` =O P^ =yx "~@ `KHO.
(2) L H =^ ^ =OH ^~Qx, XHiH =uOH~Q
=OHO Z~> KO fH=_~Qx [OQ^.
(3) D ^ H~ YO+H K~k# U =x+ J< J`x
~OHHx J#=u H~_ ==^ (~) ^QOH i =
J`_ "#H u ~e. J` ==^ (~) J#KO Z=O<
YO+ ^QiH J`_ "#H ~_~ [OQ^.
(4) JO`Q DO~_ H UH~`<< X~^~ KH=K.
=~ D X~^~ @ f= P~^# K~Ô. H K J<~
Q, Ô}~Q Hx# D +Oè K O =#iQ J~wHi~KH
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J#KO J+`` # HqeQO. JqH `= ~y
#@ q~z ^_QO.
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(48. ` )
559
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Ziy#_. u == H, u q+ xH ~|~k~z# i*#~ P#H~k.
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Ô" H^.) (19-22)
J`x ("~@##) KO _ ''( !) W`# < Jn#~ L~__,
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P[=`~k. (23-26)
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àO [#~. (52)
H#H =H! h= i#~_ =Y~ uCH~> h ^+~ Ug^ . J`
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577
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q~ k. (1-10)
<_ `= H~ q`~_"^~ K # ` uOOH POA q<~
`^. POA (^=^`) gix H_, <_ #OH~ " fH W
J~>O: ''gO (x#>^H) xOHi~ _# #OHy W^. WC_ K ~_, Wk
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`= "Q< L~_# Ôx gO Q ~KH =_~ Z~` qKOHO ~ .
578
(52. `~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
è_`~. "i = "ix #OH `# #~_ OHO K_. ''WH gO

PKi~z# HO H u
~Q (<_ ) Q u#~_, `Q~_. (17-19)
"OH _ P< k~_H #Hx ZÔ^ OQ HOx L~>O. "=
"iH J~^"# (q) <`Q O^~OQxz q~ KO.
q~z# "i` @ "i ~`#~ H_ q~ "i J_Q*_<
#_KHxL~>, J~> ~`<x H_ "= (O~) "i ^QiH
KO `=. i H$`
x "= U=`~ `y~ K=. u =x+ `#
HO H `H@Q L<_. (20,21)
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=H J@ W@ u~Q` "ix q LO\O. (2224)
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~. z=iH ^=_ =#e HO}~z (=M#) =_" =_Q
`# #~_ OH~ K_. =#~ Q`r q`~ P< "_ H<"~. x[~Q
P# =Hi, JO ^ =_ Jx KC H~>O. (25-28)
H#H =H! h= (^HO~ [<xH) `^ K = ~_. h =
^ = h= *u+_Qx, z"_Qx H< H=. gO (hQi~z) ''W`<
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gO $+H O H ~_< `=~`@ `= ` O LxHH =KO?
H `=H`" $+H O
? h, =He $+~ KO gO? (J^gH^.)
gi H `~ g^ #=H" ^. gi ^QO h = xH"<
L<? H "> g^ giH U"< JkHO~ L~^? (2937)
"i ^QO U^< xK# L~^, ^xg^ ZH TO H =@
q#_xH? "i Z=O< J~> JQKO q+ U"< q~> ^xH`#
Q> HÔ Ke. ^=xH H=O
, gH` H=O? (38,39)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(53. #*)
579
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KO? Jq < <Q~ "iH _ H _~ k. "iH ^=_ HH =O
PO^ _ L<_? O K # |^ O^# H ^=_ Z~` Jf`_,
O= q`_. (4043)
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`#Hx J~>O. H#H =H! "ix "i =<# =ê@. z=iH "O
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sH L~k. Hx "i K=~k D Ô~ Q ~K_~ ^ . (44-47)
=H! h= =`~ h = xO
~ =K=OH #~ > L~_.
h= = H##< L<=. h= z#C_ h =x u , P#
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D JÔ J=ìOKH ~O =OH ==H ==^ (~)
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=>__. Wk J`x ($^H~) J=ì~*|_# kq+$u.
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ZÔQ x|__. Ò` =iH ^QOQ =z #~ x<_.
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(53. #*)
581
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(J~> ==) Hx>x K_. (7-18)
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(~ ) KO. ^= =H (~ ) ^=_ ~ KOx P# =@H JO~
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XHi H `, =OHi $^ ~` KO.
[` J| a< J (Ol) #~_ Q ~z# LY
<h XH ^~`
=OH> ~`# H ~_ J~|^~ Q L<x H~Ô +HO Ja_O .
JnQH WqH_ O#|_# YOP< HH J#Q}~Q H =_~ H_ Q=<O~.
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q=OH 7:143 HH O# M#~ K_~_.)
582
(53. #*)
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PH~ J~MH"# ^=^` L<O. Hx ^=x J#=u,
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O = Z~> [#~ L~_^ . O
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H#H =H! = `^H q=Y ~zH rq`" O ~Q q
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, 81:8 HH O# ^ zH K_~_.)
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(53. #*)
583
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W~H W=|_# Q~^~ x q+ (H_) J`xH è? (J`xH
KC : ) O~ "_=_ WÒ ()O~ "_ . (33-38)
=#=_ ^xH~ H$+K _ J^ J`xH a ~ k. J`x H$+H Ò
< Qi~ a ~ k. ^x u
~ iQ k~K|_`~k. (39-41)
z=iH (=#=~`) h = xkH =Oe= L~k. (42)
(q=e) P< #q<_ P< U_<_. (43)
P< (g) r=#O}H =HOH _. (44)
P< HO|_ gOa~^=` P_=Q [~@e > < _. (

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P< SO~ J#Q ~K_ P< î^~ He~ K_. (48)
P< ^n=#~Q "ey`# (q+) #H `xH =. (49)
P< è P^*ux `^=>~ K_. =^ *ux H_ P<
=~Q `_z>_ , XH_ qQH~_. (50,51)
P< J~`H O~ #*ux H_ <#~ K# _. HO}~
O O= ÔO
, q^ =_" . (52)
P< ` H~^# [#^# Zu qi _" _. Ò ` >
g^ P=i~K=#k P=i~z~k.5 (53,54)
H#H h = k~z# U=Oe Qi~z h= J#=#~ _=?
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q_`Q H~` H~ WK_. Hx `~ "` U"~ ^, qye# H~ Ke~ KH ~_ =Y~
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x 'q< ~`~ L<O. P# K~^_ O~_Q pe uiy HH=_x
JH_#"iH K ''gO nxH H Q L~_~_ J<O.
Hx Jq J~` ^ ~ @# HO K H_ ''==^ () =#
g^ =~`~"_. ^~` =# H " J<O. Hx H~Ô =\_ `
''==^ () =~`~ (WH_#) =#g^ O=K. J~î g^ O^ H^! WÒ
~` #Oz [<x Ox=~_. nx O KO ^ J_Q^~ J<O. WÒ
~` #~_ =z#"~ _ `g JO ^$~ K=x KO.
H}
~@ Hx~z# D JO ^$~ K~^H [#=~` PH~ " ^$+
i~z L~_O . Q H=~` ^x K_@~ ^ _^ . JOa, Ò^x
[H Wk Hx~ k. J` W K~^_ O~_Y~_Q pe=_~, QO`HO}
H= =m HH_~ ^ "#x <> G"`

~ Q T~KQ
O.
=# ^~ =O KH=i D ^$~ K#@ Ki`HO, YOP< +
H~ O<O. =< = < #k (O ) D q^~ Q O<O:
''O` ^~ "^> iQ W~ `# ^x ^H}
O`
"~k. K~^_
O~_ Y~_Q pe# ~ @## =O KH=i HO K#@ `~k.
FOA Ou D ^$~ Hx~z~k. "~@< J`# iu `H=_xH `# ux^ e
^~ #= ~~K_. z=iH JOa XH ^= =H q ~K_x, P<
Y~P< "=$Ò
(54. Y=~)
585
Q Wk OE î # =~`*"#x J~@<O. "O (K~^ Y~_#

==# H_) uO i~z `= =<~K
H x O. u
==O~ z=iH XH O=<xH KOHH `^. (1-3)
"i =~^H (Q`* `) u Q` =K. J~^ Q Q}O~
L~k. hu, q"H~ H_ L<. Hx (D) KiHg "iH U=`~ L
Q_ @
~ ^ . H#H =H! h= H_ ix J> >~ KHH.
UOA "ix eK_ J#"# F AQHO q+~ "
_, POA =#=~` aÒK K, KK^~# q_`
^~_ `= `= =^ #~_ aa |>H =O . J |>Hz
eK"_ O Q` Ò. (DOA D `x xOHi# ) uOO
JC_ (Ô~ `Hx) ''Wk K Hi# "# OA J#~>O. (4-8)
giH O~ #*u (H_ ^= =H# ) uO i~z~k. P [ =
^_ J` kQ [=H> W`< z_<O. O`_ f=~Q ki~
KO. z=iH J`# `# =# "O@H ~@ ''(^!) ## J}z"O.
WH h" giH^< fHO~ K J<_. (9,10)
JC_ "= PH~ #~_ H~_` =~~ Hi~KO. <# pe
ZH_HH _ T@ ~yO
KO. D hO~` qkxO
~ HO~ x
<~" ~ _ xH iQ L Q_ ~ k. #x, (J`x J#KO e) "=
H, "H` xi~K|_# F<H ZH~KO. Jk = ~ "H}
(=~
Q) y`~_k. Wn uO $`_# =HH ~ K |_# fHO~. (11-14)
P <H# "= XH (Q}O~Q) K#Q K =ê>=. =i
D =Ò K>_x è~k. KH=i D OQu qx W~ Hi~K_. Ò `
JOa o_. Hx =H KO HH =~^ î< Z=< Kx_.
P Ò` ^^ =~^ ~=ÒH r H~ O~_= ~=Ò~ =O
O*xH pO=< KH=i J_. J`# H_ W~ Hi~K_. M` Ki`
HO_ 'i D L^~`x q W O_:
''H~Ô JO|, JOÒ i [~k Q~_ F_ O~nH
}=O. Hx î #`# O=_~` i F_ =O fOxH KO H
= =z~k. JC_ =O KH=i ==H (~)# Qi~z qKi, D
}H K~^_ pe# ~ @# H_ èO. KH=i D L^~`~ qx ''Wk
K Q =". Q ~@# ~q~z#C_ ^x O@_~ = ^
~^~ Jx K ^==H (~)H~ <> ^gA `~K_. K
J~^ K~^_ O~_ Y~_Q pe# ~ @# Qi~z# =# L~k. ^~`
P KH=i q`_ W~ Hi~K_.
586
(54. Y=~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(^x K<) `^ Hi~K"O=O< L<O? <tH Z~>^, <

KiH Z L~_ K_~_. "g YOP<x [ JO~ K H=_xH
` O ~ K~ =i (n#~_) `^ Q ~K O=O< L<O? 15-17)
P^*u H_ uOi~z~k. <tH Z~>^, <KiH Z
L~_ K_~_. ""H î<# "iH ~HO"# `< ~=.
Jk YOO "^# =~Q Zu _#@ [<x Zu qi _
~ _k. H#H < tH Z~>^, < KiH Z L~_ K_~_. "g
YOP<x [ Q~K_xH Ò~ K~ =i (n#~_) `^
Q ~K"~ L<O? (18-22)
=^*u = KiHe ` z~k. Q "i J<O: ''=#x
_ J# XH_ =#~ J#i=? J`xH q^
=_=O> =#~
J=O~ ># > =# |k Q_u #>. =#~î W`<H_ < ^= ~^~
J=ì~z~^? ^. W`# z J|^HO |_ KCH< `C_
=x+. (23-25)
(JC_ "= = =H` W J<=:) ''J|^HO Z=O, |_
KCH< `C_ =x+ Z=O O iH `~k. "= "i H~
X~># sHQ K ~`<=. "iH Z~> Qu _ ~ ^ H FH >
K_. "iH, X~>H =^ h ql ~K|_`x, u XHO `= =~`
=KOA =`" h>x _Hx "iH è*. (26-28)
z=iH "O `= =x+ XH_ (JH$`xH) iQO. J`< X~>#
@Hx K~"_. WH < tH Z~>^, < KiH Z L~_
K_~_. "= iH F ~HO"# q>~ ~=. ^~` "O
`H"|_# = H@~ #Q#Q O. "g YOP<x
[ JO~ K H=_xH ` O ~ KO =i (n#~_) `^ Q ~K
"O=O< L<O? (29-32)
`*u [ H_ "= K# KiH ` KO. J~^=
"= i gkH O`<x ~=. ^x i #~_ ` Q$

=`" OH`~Q L<O. "ix "= = J#Q~` (P) Ou
` O*=< JH_~z "O K>H Òe ~K=. DqÔ Q "= H$À
#
iH u
q< ~.
` (=H) =~^Q< `# *u[e = @# Qi~z K
i~K_. Hx "O = KiHe Lù KiHQ q~z ` KO.
"O`_ `# Juê H_Hx=H~_ J_`Q_xH u~KO.
z=iH "= ''WH <tH, < KiH O =#~ KqK_~_ J~@ "i
Y~P< "=$Ò
(54. Y=~)
587
588
(55. ~ <)
H Q>=. JnQH (=O<_) `Ò`~_Q< F uOQx tH

(O"# L^=~) "ix =@>~k. ''<tH, <KiH ~=#O
Kq K_O_. "g YOP<x [ JO~ K H=_xH ` O ~
K= =i (n#~_) `^ Q ~KO Z=O< L<O? (33-40)
O h ^QO H (H_ =) KiH =K. Hx "O (H_)
= K#x>h ` KO. z=iH "= J`~` H =O Q_
># @ "ix (Hi# ~Q) @H <=. (41,42)
g Jq "iH~> +
? H Q` Q~^ gH~ H= }
O>L
~^? H gO (`= =~n=O~ KHx qOgQ`) `"H
>+ " # =~= x, `=x`= OH~ KHQ=x q< O? Hx Ò<
D=O~ z`Q F_ i`~k.3 i O`~@_xH J xs`k#~
~ L~_<L~k. Jk J`~` }~H@"# Hi# =~. Jb
` JH QOL<O. "i |k =~^y~z~k. "ix XHOA
O_ |O|O D_ #OHy _"_~ [OQ`~k. JC_
(^= ^`) "i` ''WH #OHyx KqK_~_ J~>O. (4348)
"= u == x XH xs` ^ u HO~ XH xi+ H=~ $+~ K=.
"= (U^< K ^KH~> XHXH P[ *sK=. ^~` P x `$>
[iy`~k. g~> "ix "= Z~` =~kx `=O=. =i (=)
`^ Q ~K "O=O< L<O? gO K# ^~` (= ^QO ) HO z>
#"^L~k. z< ^ u q+ ~ "|_ L~k. (49-53)
H
HO ` H~_ O^#=<, K>
O
=^ (Q) L~>O. Jk O H=~`_# q=@ g~
L~_ Z~` QO=^= # #~. (54,55)

2. *u ~OxH J@_# P ÔO
J~^" # =He K
=ê> O H^. [` ` (J ) W~>H =H O =z# ^= ^è
KOK _ xH =z#C_ ` (J ) iH #K* _xH Z~`Q< u~KO. Hx
P `K q#O_ W~>H *O|_ P =He fH _xH u~KO. JC_
i H . ^~` O `= ^~^ ~ =#Hx "oO.
3. Wk |^ ^~ Qi~z# q +` H@
#. r HxH J^~_ O"
D H@
# "=_~k. =~ |^ O^H Ô# ~, J}z"`
H QO ÔO
rq`~ Q_ `# OAq. H~Ô =~ D ^
i ~KH ^= =H (~ )
J#=u` JaxH =O. qye#O O"# ~|+O}H
QO J+H _ QO. J~> iu D H@
# "=_ XH " _`
=~ H Ô ~ Hey~z, =O" `=O^ H# =~ê~z~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
55. HO }=_ (~ <)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 78
D J^x ''O < J~>O. Wk #|gH~ O~^

J=ì~z
#@ `~k. W~^ =#=e, l#e ~k ^=x =HO,
==# q ">x gO uO i~KQ
Ox => =>H t~K_~
[iy~k. ^~`@ OH~x O#OH _ =i~K|_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

HO }=_ D YOP<x (`# =HH ) <i#"_. P< =#=_
$+~ z J`xH =>_@
~ <O_. (1-4)
OK~^ (^= ) x==oH H@|_ L<O. #H `, =$H
H_ ~Q_ ` P*|^" L
<. P< PHx <Q_, `x
(<x) H_ ~K_. H#H gO ` =`Hx K_Q@H~_.
<~Q, iQ `z=~_.1 H` iq` JuHq~KH~ _. (5-9)
P# qx =` r=O H~ O~k~K_. J~^ OH
OH ~_, J~MH~Q L<. O K@|_# YOO
~_ H_ L<. W~H OHO H ^<<. J~^ TH H_
L~@~k, y~[ H_ L~>. H#H (=#=O, l#O!) g
= k~z# U =Q gO xOHi~KQ
O? ( 10-13)
P# =#=_ ~H~> Z~_# OQ_=>` $l~K_. l<
( `~)x Jy*` $l~K_.2 H#H (=#=O, l#O!) g =
$+~ z# U J^` gO uO i~KQ
O? (14-16)
O~_ ÒH, O~_ _= OH P< =, H_. H#H
gO g =H# U H=O `KQO? (17,18)
1. q=OH 83:1-5 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
2. =#=Q l# ( `) H_ |kr=. gi_ ^=_ =~p K_
qKH}
*#~`@, K_ # ^ =~zx J=~a~K K H_ k~K_.
J~^= gi H_ q, Jq, [#, Ô# L<O. giH
=O}#~Ò~ HO qKO}, O #OH L~>.
J` l# L+ = (Hot air Or Scorching wind)` H_# F
`H"# Jy*H ~|~k~z# H}` $l~K|_#~^# O =#=H
Hx~KO . JnQH O J=O= ~` `= O# =OHQQÒ.
(15:27 H` @ q=OH 6:128 HH O# M#~ K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(55. ~ <)
589
P# O~_ =^# O O~ H =ê>_ . P<

> =^ XH J_` O L~k. ^x= Jq XH^x XH> KKH =.
=i gO g = H i kx U ==# xOHi~KQ
O? (19-21)
P =^ =`, Q_ (H_) a. H#H gO g
= L# U B#`x H^#QO? (22,23)
=^~ H~_ Z`Q x|_ y F_ H_ P#".
H#H gO g = K# U " uO i~KQ
O?3 (24,25)
3. D J^~x 1-25 H
^=_ =#=xH WH~ K# "#
Qi~z O<_. 46-75 H
O
H~x "# q~K_. "^> 25
H
P<> [H k~K|_# SH " Lî~K|_. J` D<>
[H >`@, J~`H~ > OQ# Z< " J#Q ~K|_. #, ~HuH
i*< <> =#=xH J<H M, HO, KH O.
L^/ q^KH =#=x rq`q^<< =i"~ k. Q`~ J^ =#H#
Z<#e <_ q^KH ` #_K ~`z ^ ~ K. @}
D<_
@
, # x WO_ ^^ =. XH~A H~ O@ H ` rqÒ ^~~ O J=Òk.
JQ HO, |, O , q=< } |_eH# fO_" QH, =x Z~`
P^ K < . q^KH = [ J#q # M, HO# Q=x FQ~@
< q^zH H ` i rq`~ Q_= < Q_= ^x Jx~ k.
P Ò ` ZHxH i*#~ i` Ox =i~` =i"~ k. rq`~
=i~` Y="~ k. D ZHxH =KO O~Q~ Q ~K#" $+~ z~k.
O_
, >e<, >eq[<, >e~@O, H, W-", W~@O<>
=Q~ =^ =
=#=xH Q}h"# = J~^* < .
P Ò ` H~@O =z =#=x rq`~ F ^ J^`< $+~ K.
=~^=~k HiH H < Ò| _ K #e XH H~@O Hx Q~@<
K" ~ k. D H~@O #~_ ` O# 'O> J<H O~Q =#=` >
_ `<. Ja=$k K~k# Hx ^ Wq Q# `=H~, HO QO "e~ Q,
~H ZH~> "^# # xO< . J~`H^, J"iH, a@<
=#+H GzH` [O_ xH H_ g>x L y< O.
"^ O~Q~# q*#G~ Z<=O `z~k. p# q^<# <h,
P~ ^ zH` ` @ P^ xH "^ q^<# Ju , qu zH` H_
[H Z~` [#~ KH O`<. GzH` H~ H`H ` iHO qx
y~K|_`<. ZH= < H ~_, ZH= OH =~ HH~_ [OzH` J~^
@H =K. sO~ H$u= J= " _< O. H#O, i<<
~> "~_ê #~ K_xH, "^Hx, P+# ~K_xH H_
r<Ô ([#zH` ) Ô H$+ [OQ`~k.
590
(55. ~ <)
Y~P< "=$Ò
D Ô} L# = }H> #t~z^. =#`_, =

=x`_# h = J`" `~Q xez L~@~k. H#H g
=H# U H
H
gO Y~_~KQ
O? (26-28)
=Hx r=Oh `= J=O# P< Ji<.
P# J#H}
~ $+H ~|~k~z# U^ XH J^`H O~ x=Q_
L~>_. =i gO g = L# U $[<`H H}
xOHiO ?
qH O=~# "OO! Ò< "= gHO qKO}
H~ fiH KH~>~. (JC_) gO g =H# U H=O
uO i~KQ
O ("= K=). (2932)
=#=O! l#O!! gO =H i^ ^> iQO"
u~z K_~_. ^xH~ JÔ} * @" H"e. H#H gO
g =x U *@" xOHiO? (XH" gO i=_xH
u,) g gkH Jy*, Q =ê@_~ [OQ`~k. ">x gO
U=`~ ZÔO. H#H gO g= L# U H =O
kH i~KQ
O? (33-36)
PH~ |^ =z# KO~ ZOi`~k. JC_ (giu
Uq> Pz~K~_.) =i g = K U ==e gO Y~_O ?
POA U =#=_, U l<h J`x ~ Qi~z J_Q= # J=O"
L~_^. =i g=x U He H^#Q~? è "i
(+) =Me |> Qi~K=K. "i =~QOe, H# > |O|O
D_H =_~ [OQ `~k. JC_ g =H# U H =O gO
xOHi~KQ
O? (37-42)
==O~Q~ H_ # =#=xH Q}h"# = K~k. ~`,
OxH ZO=, #`#q^< Ô L``
J#"# su iy.
*x>H W~lhi~Q, |>Hr ==``# ~K_~ =Y `
=< . [< ''_xH J< J`^ xH û Ô "HH H=#
`=O}~, +H~ H$u=~Q He~z J@ g^ HOQ ~_ < O.
D<_ ~ K~ Lù J=`# PO ^<# Q#H ~ K [~îH J=O
"# "OH <~Q ~K_~ [iy`, Jq Q _kH H k @# PO^ <
qye`~> Ju H ^ . Hx O~ , ~Hz`` P^ xH =#=x PK#
# uH, *f`` i^
# ^@x=_~ ^ .
U"# >H W=h ^=_ k~z# HO#_~ ~^ ~ ^ . P ^=_
=#=H M, ~^_xH H=# *#~, èq`@ J#Q ~K_.
=i J~> HO }=xH H$À
L~_@~ =#= q^ H Ô ~ H^?
Y~P< "=$Ò
(55. ~ <)
591
<O
J` q+ ~Q q~z ` z# #OH~ W^. D #OH~ <
O (<< `# J#q , f="# ^ H`) `#
xH,
HQ`# h> K=H =^ uOQ` L~>O. H#H gO g =
L# U uH
uO i~KQ
O? (43-45)
q = =~^ x|_ `# HO H =^#~ WKH= L~@~
^x q~z H` rq`~ Q_# u =HH O~_ (O)=<
a. H#H (=#=O! l#O!) g = k~K U =O
gO xOHiO ? K > O=` MYQ qi ~z# L^#=<q.
=i gO g = J#Q ~K U H#H uO i~KQ
O? (46-49)
P O~_ =< O~_ O<. H#H g = k~K
D Q# Z xOHiO ? O~_ =<# u*u
xH K~k#
O~_ OH<. g = ^#~K D |=< x~HiOKQ
~?
O" |~QO [Ò J~K~_ @ O "`>
k~_ P#Hx HO~>O. ("i=~^) ~_` x~_# K@~ = =~y
L~>. H#H gO g = k~K U =Q xOHiO ?
P =Q =^ ("i HO) QeH~K O H#~>O.
"ix D O" H O~ U =#=_Qx, l<Qx `H<< `HL~__ .
H#H g~ g = ^#~ K U |=< uO iOKQ
O? "O
=} =}H J=# ~Ô O. =i gO g = k~K
D |=< H^#QO? (50-59)
ÒxH u
~ Ò~ ` =O==`~k? H#H g =
^ }
~ux gOq^~ Q ` KQO? (60,61)
P O~_ =<QH =O O~_ =< H_ L<. H#H g =
WK U =O gO uO i~KQ
O? Jq ^@" # xì` =<. =i
gO g = J#Q U J#Q x xOHi~KQ
O? (62-65)
P O~_ =< O~_ O O= `H`~>. H#H
gO g = k~K U H#H# uO iO ? (66,67)
P L^#=< YOO ~ , ^x= (=Q~ ) ~_,
+~Q
L~>. =i gO g = J#Q ~K U Q H^#QO? (68,69)
P =< ^ }
~u` H_# ~Ô =`# ` L~>O.
H#H gO g= WK U =O xOHi~KQO? W~H ZC_
O< L~_ O^~OQ H_. H#H g = kOK D
H#He g~ uO iO ? "ix D O H O~ U=#=_Qx,
592
(56. "dP)
Y~P< "=$Ò
l<Qx `H<< `HL~__ . =i g = ^#~K U |=<

gO ` KÒ? (70-75)
JH_ O" J`~` q"# , Z~` JO" # K > up
g^ "`>
k~_ P#Hx HO~>O. H#H gO g = J#Q ~K
U =Q xOHi~KQ
O? (76,77)
=#`_, ==x`_# h = O Z~`^ H~. (78)
J=Ò}
: =H
56. ~ @# ("dP)
H:96
D J^x ''"dP J~>O. Wk #|qH~ 5= O=`~O [`

L=O (Ol) W~ Hi~KH O~ J=ì~z#@ `~k. W~^
~, #O`#~ `~"` HOqKO} OA ~q~K i}=
q~K|_. P `~"` =#=H ^=_ K# XHH LH~O Qi~z
O~@ >H HO}~ ^=_ H gO Jx t~K_~ [iy~k. z=O
=m OH~ =# =~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

[OQ= # ~ @# [iy#C_ WH ^x U XHO xOHi~KO .
Jk (q==#) J=~ K" =^=~! JC_ =`
=~_~ XHiQ Hk "|_`~k. O` `~ `<`#H
PH~ ^ o O}= ZQO`. (1-6)
JC_ gO =_ =OQ1 peÒ: H_H ~ O, P H_H ~
"i (J^$x) Qi~z U=x =i~Ke!
Z_=H~ O, Z_=H~ "i (ÔQx) Qi~z WH K^=~k!
=~^~_O, (u Ò~) "O =~^~_O! O (^=)
x `. O JO M` H_# O= < L~>O. (7-12)
=~^ Ò"i (W~> ^=x`) J`kH~Q L~>O.
1.
~ ~q ~z q~ J= = , uiy H` $ + UO_# `~` =#=
~` =m |uH~K|_Ò. HO qKO} O~= =`~k. JC_ O =_
^ # =OQ ql ~K|_Ò. Ò XHOHO q~z` J`kH ^= # `
~k# ^= x` (L`= ) ^= }H K~k#O L~>O. qye# O~_
=O XH>, ^= ~#O H_" # L~K|_`~k. gO `x q~z ` O
PKi~z# [# (=^ =). =_ =O~ ^= ~<xH Z_= " # L~K
|_`~k. gO `x uO i~z# ÔQ (J^= ).
Y~P< "=$Ò
(56. "dP)
593
2
Òu Òi (W~>"O) `H ==~k L~>O. "O O`Yz`

P< g^ "`>
k~_H #Hx O O~ ZÔ^ OQ HO~>O.
"i =" x`H "O} "x #~_ K"#
=^=` x~_# y<, Q, H* fHx J@ W@ uOQ
`~>O. P =^ = q "iH U=`~ "H ~ H=_~Qx, |k =~^
y~K_~ Qx [OQ^ .(13-19)
"O Hi# ~_ u#_xH P H "i =~^ OHO H Oz
HO" # ~_~ KÒ. JQ "iH+" # H =~~ H_ L~KÒ.
"iH~ JH_ J~^" # H Q O^~OQ L~>O. ` H~Q
"i H" ^z># =`=~> =Q= <O ~Ô O "O.
W=h "O WH rq`~ KH# ÒH u~Q
k~K|_`. "OH_ Z~> =Oq+ Qx, ^+} Qx
q#O. u=> =~[~Q, `~Q< L~@~k. (20-26)
WH H_H~"O, H_H~i J^$+" J^$+~! =x OQK@
~_, JO>Q, Ô~Q qi~z# K> h_, Z_`QH~_
=~K =~zhO, Z#>H J~`~Qx ~Q J~^@ L~_
J~MH" # =^ O
, Z`
# O (=QO ) Q Q
"O F_`~>O. (27-34)
"i O# "= ` H ~^ iH`Q $l=. "ix "=
# Jq`~Q qO .
x`#`# H#Q O~k=.3 "O `= O
==# ` "O (35-38)
W=h H_H~"iH a~K =Q. W~>"O =~^
Ò, Ò u Ò# K=~k L~>O. (39,40)
2. W HO (O ) "M#~ HO~ =~^ ÒO J~>, P ^=
=H
HH, i gHH K~k# O#=@. gi '^= x` ZH=
=~k L~>O. Ò u Ò"O J~>, i Ò ` HH K~k#"Ox JO~ .
gi '^= x` `H ==~k L~>O.
3. WH~ W~ Ô ~ Hi~z ^KO ~#O#
# ^=_
O
H~ #`# H#Q K O~ " __ . ~ K~ OO
WÔ
`x q~z uH rq`~ Q_ L~> O~ H_ iÔ OO
Q<
H#QÒ. XH" iî XHO =`" <OQ q J=~>, P H P
O+x q~ WÒ <OQ =# O+_ H ` [OQ`~k. (n~`@
2:25 HH O# ^ zH H_ K_~_.)
594
(56. "dP)
Y~P< "=$Ò
` Z_=H~"O Z_=H~"i ÔQ~ Qi~z U=x Ke?

"O (#OH~ sOx == =_" =_Q =^ =iQ
h>x `Q`, Z~> MxQx, K^ < xQx W=x #> HOQ
(<< `# J#q ) L~>O. (41-44)
D O =<xH =~^ gO (WH~) Q Q J#q ,
O" # HO HOH "> q+ ~ "~_Q ==i
L~_"O. K ''"= Kz => H J~[O =i
H =m |uH | _`=? Q`~ Kx# = ``=``
#
H_ |uH~z _ ~ [OQ`~^? Jx J<O. (45-48)
''g sHe, P Ò ` ÒO~^s ` H~_ (|uH~z) ="
OK
_ ~ [OQ`~k. ^x =~ xO
~K|_~k Jx KC . (49,50)
H#H `x xOHi~z# +O! gO [Y (J< XH q^"#
<Q *=_) =$Hx `H~_ u#= L~@~k. ^~`< gO
(i ~Kx PHe`) P=O=O=~@ H_ x~H~>O. P ^ HQ#
X~> HQ h>x (Q@Q@) `QÒ. W^ fOk<# Z_=H~
"iH a~K Pu^ ~! (51-56)
"= ~Q q=e $+~K", =i gO~^H (= =@e)
J~wH i~KO? gO =k O`# Qi~z ZC_< H ~`~Q
Pz~KO? ^xÔ t=x O~k#k gO H "=? "=
gH~ =O}~ xO
~K~. "= g O~ Ye =i gOO Qx PHO~
q=e uiy $l~Kx JH~ H=. ("= `KH~> U^<
K Q~.) (57-61)
gH g è@H Qi~z è=~k. (D q+ ~ = H =Oe
gO J#k#~ K< L<O.) J~@C_ (=O}#~Ò~ HO qKO}
H~ q=e #sq~* =# = =@e) gO~^H Q ~KO ? (62)
gO <> q`< # Qi~z Pz~KO? P q`< Ô
~@ gO ~_ < O H "=? "= `KH~> P ~@e
#Q #Q KQ~. JC_ gO qKO_ ` ''J! = =,
@|_ J~` =$^ J~~^! J = <> ÔQ ~ O L~k Jx
OHO H Q KC H~>O. O, gO `Q D h>x H Òz
KO? ^x
" #~_ gO Hi<O H "=? "= `KH~> ^x
f="# LCh>Q =O Q~. =i gO (=@) Z~^H H$À

L~_O ? (63-70)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(56. "dP)
595
h, gO =~_~K D xC# Qi~z ZC_< H Pz~KO?

^xH LQ_`# K@# gO $+~KO H "=?
"= ^x
4
OHz~Q, qxQÔH r=#=yQ K=. H#H =H!
=#`_# h = O i~K. (7174)
J~^= =#=O! gO#H#k Z~`=`~ x[~ H^. <#
#H ` HH HQ K|`<#. gO Q ~KQe y` Wk Q =}~.5
Wk OH` Q~^~ (O|_) L# ==x`"# YOP<. nx
q`, i^
` =O=O `HO .6 Wk OH = #~_
J=ì~z# (k=)"}. W~> (J^`) "}x gO xOH ~ K < O?
nx xOHi~K_" |`H Ò=Q @H<O?7 (75-82)
4. =#=_ D ~K~x J<H ==e _H~@ Z~` [#~
~^`<_. Hx P == e $+~ z >= `#H " KH O`# J^$Hx
Qi~z J`# Pz~K_~ ^ . Q P J^$H ^= `x, P# Q}Q}#
ql ~z $+H O , =$`^=`, ~@ ^=`, =O} ^=_, Jy ^=_ J~@ OHO H
O > "> T[x` z`#, qQ # l< _. J` H$ ux D z`
qz` == , > [H` ~, > =^ =#~, x|^`
# Qi~z ~`
=#` Pz g@x>H =HOH_ XH ^=_x Q~KQ~. P ^=_
=`" POk~K_~ , P# K r=#^ < J#i~K_~ =#=x q^ H Ô ~.
''OH z~ J~> ^=x UH`x, P# H =O# QOK
k Jx
JO~ . Dq^~ Q Jyx >~ K H W~^# ~Q L Q_ =$H" QH, ~ K~x u
== ^=x UH`x, P# H =O# =#H QOK
< .
5. YOP< =#`" # ^= Q~^~ Jx K _xH WH_ #H `~_ ^ ,
> HH , Q=< =}~ K _~ [iy~k. H>k Q , #H ``
x~_# q==# U ^=_ $+~ K_ P ^=_ DQ~^x H_ J=ì~* _.
q== Z~` J^`" # H=û # H_ ~nQ $+~ K|_~^ J~` J^`" #
H=û # H_ ~nQ YOP< H_ O~k~K|_~k. q==
x q+ Z~`
Ô" # " Y~<x q+ H_ J~` Ô" # q. H#H WO\ J^`
"# }x q~z QOq~Kx ^=_ =#oH `^ ~ K < _.
6. Jq YOP<x q~K_xH xOHi, ^x U `" , K"
==^ (~ )H <O `~^x PO~KO. ^=_ i PO}# Y~_ , D
J^` } ^=H~x F OH` Q~^~ L~K|_~^x, JH_H Z=O Ox ,
` KH P H ^x , Jq ^x `H<< `H= x K|`<_. i^
,
O `# ^= ^` =`" D k=Q~^x `H_xH, ^x kq #~_ qH k~K_
xH JOx H_ ^=_ D H
+~ K < _.
7. YO+ <H Wg L^=~ q[=~`=` `= Lk =O
=H `x
_ QO. J~K` O ``, Ô Ô # Qi~z
qKi~KH ~_ D L^=x J}z" _" ^ ~Q @H <O. D q+ <
WH_ YOP< O ` xOHO}
# |`HÒ =Q K H<Ox J~>~k.
596
(57. n^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
O, (=O q+~ _ q#O_.) Kx`# =x+ }~ gO

HO K~_Q< J`x H~O~^H =z, |>H =_xH ^~Q
L#C_ ^x g~~^H PO ? gO Z=i J^[ O# H~> Dx
Z~^H KO? JC_ Kx`# "_H gH~> "" K ^QOQ
L~>~. J` gH H Hx~K=. (83-87)
P =H (^=)x`x "_L~> J`xH JOM, =~z
PO~, Q Q` H_# O= < a. XH" H_H xH K~k#
"_` ''hH ~u HQQH! h= H_H ~ "ix "_=Jx J`xH Q`~
K |_`~k. XH" J`# `x uO i~z =O +
Ki#"_L
~>
J`_ #OH~ H qO , HQ h>` Pu^ ~ W=|_ `~k. (88-94)
W=h uOQx `. H#H =#`_~# h= O
i~K. (95,96)
J=Ò}
: =n<
57. W#= (n^)
H: 29
D J^x ''n^ (W#=) J~>O. Wk rH~ 4,5 U~_

=^ J=ì~z L~_=Kx Òk. W~^ ^=x B#`~, ^= =O~
^#==~, =O}#~Ò i}=# Qi~z q~z, OHrq`~
=~^ WH rq`~ =< =K@ =`"#x K_~ [iy~k. P
Ò` =~ qx >+OK `= Hx W=|_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

=H L# J}=}= ^=x B#`x, P# q``#
~ ~k. P# = H=~`_, P=# q"H=~`_. P<
=H =*k<` . r=#O} P# Ku< L<. P#
u h K Q =O_ , O H= ~`_. P< "^>" _, z=i"_
H_. P< H, xQ_ H H_. P< O A_ , O *x. (1-3)
P# =He PO OA $+~ z, P `~` JkHO ~#~
Jk+~K_. HxH KO`#^q>, H~ #~_ |>H "#
^q>, PH~ #~_ J=ì#^q>, PH~H JkO#^q>
J~` P#H `. gO ZH_< P# g"#~> L~>_. gO
K uxh P# K< _. P< =H =*k<` . =
==O xO
~ H~ P# ^Qi H =Oe`. P< Oux Q>

xH, Q>x OuxH *x<_. P#H (g) $^ ^y#
O `~ `. (4-6)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(57. n^)
597
(H#H) ^=_, P# =H# q~K~_. U ~^ Qi~z P#

g ux^ ^`# "_, ^x#~_ (H~` ^==O~) YO
@~_. `x q~z (^= =O~ ) ^# =~ KiH Q u
~1
a ~ k. (7)
^==H q=e `# =# q~K=x `= K gK`
=}~ K~z< gO ^=_ q~KO~ ^H? gO x[~Q q~z#
"O` (D qO` "YOq>?) q=e pH> #~_ "QH
fHO=_xH `# ^x xi+ H
J=ì~* # _ ^=_ H^!
g q+ ~ ^=_ Z~` ^ O $^ _, Q H= je. (8,9)
=Hx O ~ ^=x^. P< ">H "O _. J~@C_
gO ^==O~ ~^# Z~^H YO@O? q[xH O~ ^#
`Q~ K ^~ K# i`, q[#~Ò~ ~^ YO> =O~
< O Z#>H =# HO . ^=_ L
H (u
~ q+ ~
) =~z "Q#~ K# >H ^, J~`
giH~> q[xH O~
^# `Q~ K ^~ K# "~ JkH . gO K^~` ^=xH `.
g ^=xH O}qK "O=O< L<O? +"# O}~? J~>
"iH ^=_ P O}x J<H O@ ~z uiy Wz"_.2 Q "iH
J`~` +" # u
~ H_ a ~ k. (10,11)
1. XH =H
x ^# "~ J`xH QH, WÒ H_ J<H J#O `z
_~ k. Jb ^# ~ J`xk H^, ^=_ k~z#k. XHHi =x+ Zx J_
Ô `H u~z< J`xH O~_@ u~_ H_ iQ ÔH^ . =x+ `#^x
KC H< ^# =~` x*xH J`xk H^. ^#Ô K _~ Ô, Ô ~< H$+H
qxy~K_~ Ô O
HxH ~H< ^# ~ =`" J`xk J=`~k.
D q+ < ^= =H () W è*O: ''=x+ < ^# ~, < _| J~>_.
x*xH h ^# ~ h= ux J~`~ K~ k, h= î ~z = K~ k ^ h=
^#Ô K =~^H ~H#k =`" h>H =~ k. qye#^~` K*i
^. h= ^x WÒ H~ =ê " = L~@~k. (=~ )
2. =Hh ^=x" J#C_, P ^=_ k~z# ^# H#H == e
P# x~t Oz# =O~ (}HO H~) YO K _xH =#=H Z~>
J ~Ò~ L~_H _^ . Hx =#=_ < i`#~ = Ò H~ _| "z~K
_xH "#H~[ "_ . J~^= Lk k~Kk `<#x, gO^< ^#~ K P
HO`# `# fO#x ^=_ J~@<_ (34:39). J~`H^, <# k~z# P
^< x <H O}~Q J~^* P O}x <# J<H O@ ~z uiy fO`#x, P
`y# u
~ _ k#x P# Q#~ K < _. D Q#~ O
H~
<O" O `~^#_~ Z~> ~^ ~ ^ .
598
(57. n^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
POA (J~u= k<#) q~z# O+ =~^, "i H_"

"i *u O y_` L~_@~ hH Hx~ k. ''DOA gH Q " O!
Jx "iH K |_`~k. (J^) O =~K O= <. P O
=< "O `~Q L~>O. W^ Qq[~, JO
~. (12)
POA H@q~# O+ iu (K ^h~Q
L~@~k). "O (pH>
`K_`) ''H =" K_~_. g*u =
=H H~K~ [#~ HQ`~k J~>O (x["# ) q`. Hx
''"#H "o g*u ZH_~^ "` H~_ Jx =^#~ a ~ k "iH.
Ò` "O =^ XH J_Q_ UO_`~k. ^xH XH `
L~@~k. P ` "#H e "# (^=)HO}~ L~@~k. ^x
" (#OH) `# L~>. (13)
"O qe HH> ''"= (~K~) g`@
=? J~>O. ^xH q W J~>O: ''L<O, Hx q=egO
sHH QiKHx =^~ Hx`KH<O. Q_gk e"@~Q ==
i~KO. J#=#~ _ O. xx P ~KHx P`=~K#H
_O . ^=x P[ =K^H gO J^ u L<O. O= "Q_
(+`<) q=e ^=x q+ ~ z=i H}
~ =OH "y< L<_.
(_ =#~z gO |@ _
H O.) J~^=< DOA (gH
Ôu >~k. WH) g #~_ Z~> iO~ Hi~K_~ [OQ^.
|O~Q~Q (` )uOOxH _#"i #~_ H_ (iO~ Hi~K
|_^ ). H#H gHH #OH" x
~. JH_ gH `y# [OQ`~k.
Jk J`~` O" # ^+O=#~. (14,15)
[` J|^ J<s (Ol) ==^ =h (~ )x <@ DH qx
''^= =H! ^=_ =#e JC J_Q`<_? Jx t~KO. ^xH# J=#<O.
JC_ J|^ (Ol) ''J` H g K *~_ J<O. ^= =H (~ ) K
*O. [` J|^ (Ol) P# Kux `# KuH fHx ''<# < =H
< `@# (JCQ) W< # Jx KO.
[` J|^ (Ol) `@ PO~^ YOO K@<. `@< P# W
H_ L~k. JH_ P# O
x= < O. D =@ K P# <O Q `@
^Qi H "o ''L" ^ ! |>H =K. <h `@# < =H JCQ WK#
J<O. P# O H_ Z~` n=}. P" D =@ qx ''gO K
^ H" # OO KO J<O. J>H C _ P# `#W~> =yx,
O
# fHx `@ #~z |>H =KO. =#~ Q#H JC_ ^#j_
K PO~^ K@H |^ PO~^ H@ O Pi~K## n= P#
=Y=O ` H~_ Q=x~KQ
~.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(57. n^)
599
q $^ ^=x =#` ^q~z =q~H

O^? P# ~# ` ~=~^ ~y" P#~H^? Q`~
H~îH Q~^~ W=|_~k. Hx FnOH~ Q_z # Ò` "i $^
Hi# " . D<_ "i K=~k ÔO
L<O. gO J
HH_^ =! (16)
q#~_! q (c@"i) =$`"# Ò` ^=_ ^xH uiy
r=~ < _. (JQ =$`" # =#=`xH H_ `#=H
Ô r=~ < _.) gO q+ ~ Q Ox =He gH q_=Oz
K|`<~. (17)
z`k` ^#Ô K, ^=xH +=~# O}~ J~^*
O+H ^=_ ` H~_ ("iÒx) J<H O@ ~z uiy_ .
P iH J`~` +"# u~ H_ a~k. ^=_, ^==H#
=#iQ q~z#"O `= = ^$+ `~^, ÔH.3
"iH~ `y# u
~, *u L<. nxH a#~Q Jq "Y i J=~
a~z, = H
xOHi~z#"O =`~ #OHxH Ò. (18,19)
q#~_, WHrq`~ XHP@, `=, >>~, OO~
|_ KC Hx QiOK_~ , ~`#~, i~^
XHOHO q~z=
_xH u~K_~ ` =Og H^. SHrq`x W =K: =O~
HO~ k. ^x= Zky# "He K O` ~|O_ Ò. Ò `
P ~ ~@H =z ZOO_~ H_ Hx~k. P `~"` `Q
(Q_ O H
Q) =i`~k.
J` OH O=#~ nxH a#~Q L~@~k. JH_ f=
`#, ^=x =x~, P# # ` L~>. ~ Krq`~ XH
=, ~u ` =Og ^ . ^=_, P# =H
# q~z#i
H~ O= ^~Q L~k. (H#H) ^=x =x~ ", =H~`
q"# P O = " >_ O Q`~ _. Wk ^=x J#Q ~. P#
^x `# `z# "iH k_ . ^=_ Q J#Q e. (20,21)
3. [` |O a< Pl (Ol) LY
#~ HO~ ''< J#KO =[~ q
~z#O Ô H Jx =z~KO ^= =H (~ ). P Ò ` P# D Hx
("O `= = ^$+
Ô H Jx) i~ KO. (W [sO)
''Z=O` `# ^# }e L^=~ (` ) #~_ H_H=_xH (
~ =ê)
"O ~`xH =`_ J`# ^=x ^$+
` ~^ _ (nM ) Q H ~K|_`_.
J`# Kx`#C_ ^=_ J`xH Ô H (+ ^) ^ k~z, J`x P`#
n#~ K H~>_ J<O ^= =H (~ ). P Ò ` D H< i~ KO.
600
(57. n^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
qQx ^ ~Q gQx =z_ U P^< ^x $+~ K

_xH O" "= ^x Qi~z Q~^~ >=. W K_~
^=xH K èH. g g^ U P^ =z< gO ^ _ H ~_ ( #~`)
L~_x, ^=_ gH U Q~ J#Q ~z< ^x KHx gO q_
_H _^x (P# D UO@ K_). `=# `= U^ Q=x
q~z qOgQ# ^=_ U=`~ q~K_ . JQ `= < i`#~
=~K_" QH~_ WÒ# H_ <i`#~ Qi~z iQ"ix
H_ ^=_ q~K_ . (W^~` è H_) Z=O< `xH q=Y `
^=_ H_ "ix MÒ K _. P# xOHO _, ` Q ~
h_. (22-24)
"= = =H
H xi+" # K#, xÔ <# Wz ~=.
>` @ k= Q~^#, [#~ <xH H@|_ L~_~^H H
=<x H_ J=ì~*=. JQ W#=x H_ J=ì~*=.
WO^ K H, [ [< L<~. ^=_ D UO@h
K _xH HO}~, Z=O `## K_H ~_< `#H, `# =H
H ~
K_ J`_ P# sH~ Kê K_. x~^ ~Q ^=_ Z~` |_ _,
= H= ~`_. (25)
"= ##, W~# (=H
Q xq~z) ~=. "iî
~ù =H$ `x, k=Q~^x L~K=. J` "i ~`#~ H~Ô
<O~ J=~a~KO. K=~k (î` ) ÔO
O. "i `~`
"= XHi Ò` =OHO KC# J<H= ~k =H
# ~=.
"O~î Ò "` =O~ H=O_ D# ~, J`xH Wh Q~^~
k~K=. J` _ J# i ~z#"i $^ " = ^ ,
# ` Hey~K=. J` "O Qx "O ~Q $+~ KH<O.
"= ^x "iH qkQ K ^ . ^= # ` H~ s H` ~^~
O~a~KO. ~ ^xH< iQ H@|_L<O J~> Jn^ .4 "i
4. H = K# O~_ `C # D H
q=i~K_~ [iy~k. XH>, O
^=_ P^t~Kx P~H
# `=~`@ `= qk~KH<O. O~_, ^= # ` H~
`=~`@ `= qk~KH# P P~H
H O H@|_H ~_ ^ Q xH QO O.
D O~_ `C # Qi~z H q=O~Q `H~^~.
[` D (J ) x+=} Ò ` O~_~^ ~=Ò =OH H =
"O Q =# ^ . P Ò ` H= H=~Q "O Q H= KKH =K. =_=
`~`xH Wk OH+H KO H~k. H = [Q`
~> P~>x ^=
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~ ^_. J`# Dl
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Y~P< "=$Ò
(57. n^)
601
P`qH~ H~ sOx H$t~*_~ K J=O=x q~KO H=

^=. ^x H~ O Oa_e `l~K_" QH~_ K# H_
J~KH<O. H= Ki` W~> g~He PHxH Z`_~ [iy~k.
JQ~_iH K~k# ~> "Hi ZC _ `# sOxH 80 ~_ |O=
H@Hx uOQ`~__. PO^H J`# |O^ < _ Hx rqÒ Q_ _.
DQ, ^= =OHx H_< MÒ K_ H^. J`x t+_ ~>
Y QO=x `^< q^~ Q ^ xH 150 ~_ |O= H@Hx uiQ_.
=_~_ @ XH _|_ q Q_ _. P =_~_ @ J`# H~Q> DQ
u~@ }~ xH<_.
~> O< 40 OA@ XH =~_ ` L<_. 40 ~_^ H
J`# <g^ g Px~K^ . ~> Y= 50 ~_^ H <g^ g
Px~K^ . ~> *< =_~_ @ x|_ ` K_. Q J#C_
H XH |~_Ox P#H<_. J`x H Q }
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40 OA
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uh KQ =O_, O H=~`_. (6)
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J<~, J O} Ô ~k~K_~ (2:188). 2- J<^
= H* _~ Ô
(4:1). 3- H`, `xH "~ K _~ Ô (17:35, 55:9, 26:181, 83:4). 4- ^~Q
`#~ Ô (5:38). 5- qQ Ô (5:90). 6- =^~ Ô (5:90). 7- E^~,
@s Ô (5:90). 8- *~, zH Ô (5:90). 9- =_ O~ Ô (2:277).
10- =aKO~, J `, Jj` Ô (24:19,33).
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@H_^ (3:180, 9:34, 2:268). Ô YOKH_^ (17:26,27). H@~|
J=OH Q qye~k ^==O~ YOKe (2:219). P Ò` ^<x
kxQ~ K =# ^` J=~a~Ke.
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(59. +)
611
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H, @OH, O}Q
H,
x` ~ #~_ q=H Hey~K_xH, [H` = K L^Q r` H~, Ô
~< HO` @ WÒ *~H = HO H~ YO K e (9:60).
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KuHz#C_ P ~@ #~_ ^=xH (J~> ^H) <O O e (6:141). [
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Q qye#k J<^
H, ^H, @OH K~^`~k. (59:7)
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O H ~K_~ [OQe. Z=O=iH Z~`~` P ~K P q=Oh YOP<
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(59. +)
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_~ _. ^=x
tH K Hi# ~Q L~@~k. (7)
(=Hx) `= W~_ #~_, `= P #~_ "_Q@|_#
^ H~kjHH H_ (P ~^) H~k. "O ^=x J#Qx,
P# # `# Pt ^=xH, P# =HH Jx q^ =^` x=
_xH #_~ ay~KO. "O ` ~^ , <OQ =. (8)
D H~kjH OH O" qOz =n< (@O) x= # "iH
H_ H~k. (=H #~_) `= ^QO H (=n<) = =z# "ix gO
Ja=x< O. giH Ukz< Jk `=H J=O= x gO `= $^
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O Z#>H XH> H*O. OxH "O OH r=. (18-20)
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Hi ~k. P# = H ~ #_, J`~` q"H= ~`_. (24)
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D J^x ''==# (sH` =) J~>O. Wk .. 7,8

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$+~ P# P[H
H@|_ L<. (30:26)
kq #~_ q ^H =` < UO@ P< xO< _. (32:5)
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=Oe~K|_`. (57:5)
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u q+ ~# <H, O*kHO~ P# Ku< L~k. (36:83)
P# `KH# u h Kf O`_. (85:16)
P# U x K< ^xH P# Z=i =~^ =^#~ WKH#=O~
^ . WÒ P# =~^ =^#~ WKH= L~@~k. (21:23)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(60. == #)
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q=e, ^= =H# ^~ #~_ " Q>O! J~>"iH gO O ~Q
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(60. == #)
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sHQ KH.2 ! = `C =x~K. x~^~Q h" JO H
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k#~ (P# k~K O M)# Pt~K u =x+H J~^ =~z
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K_. P# xOHO_, `Q ~h_. (6)
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(60. == #)
617
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fO K < _. P# O ~ è#_. Z~` q"H= ~`_. (10)
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M) @ iQ xOK~ Ô. (13)

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619
O J~^* < #. J`x O 'J^ J<_. Hx J`# +" #

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2. WH_ [` D (J ) `# Ò ` O =H O ''J^ Jx
+~ Q è*O. J~u= ^= =H ==^ (~ )H ''J^ J< =O O
H_ L~^# ~Qu [Qkk`~. D HO}~Q< Q` 1400 ~=Ò #~z =~
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620
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J`_ - H#<#. - h= P =H" Jx J_QQ - H#x LÒ q K#. H|> O h"=O=? == ~#iH "= LÒq =# Q#H x# Qi h"q KC
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# + K #@ <# =
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~|_#O iH K~k#O. O - H " # #, Ue"# #, P =H" # #
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qKK<# Qx < "#H =KK#_ g =^ L<_ gO# <O QO ,
P# KC O# qC@H# # <# Q_# H#x i` K#. (1:19-27)
UH K # =@ H_ q#~_:
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HO# , J#Q ` O Q P`# gH#Q ~K#. H= P## K_^ .

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H_ x=~K#, g L~_#. (14:16,17)
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HO, J#Q `~_ <
<==# ~= i^` == # gH k~z <# g` K # ~Q`
x>x gH *H = K #. (14:25,26)
''WH# g` qi ~z =@_# D HkHi =KK<_. <` "xH
~|~^" q ^ . (14:30)
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HO, J#Q `~_ ^ #~_
|Ô ` O # P` =z#C_ P# ##Qi H qK#. (15:26)
''J` <# g` ` = KC K<#, <# "o =@=# gH [
#HO= <# " x _ PÔ}
HO g ^H O_ <# "o# _ P##
g ^H ~^#. (16:7)
W a O= =HH P=H, PÔ}
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Ki~K_~, uC H=_~, iQ_~, Ji~K_~, "_H=_~, FÔ_~,
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621
XO[ < (Origen) J< J`# XHK@ Consolator Jx, =OHK@ Deprector
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(61. )
623
W~ " < ^x _Kq #>, ^=x J` " "_

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O ûx Qi~z gH `=~>O? gO =#iQ ^=_,
P# =H# q~z ^#} X_ ^==O~ O_~_. gO
q+ ~ Q ~K Qey` J~^< g L~k. (10,11)
(D P^x >) ^=_ g `C Hq ~z q=e O
=~K O=< "t~*_. P ` O=< gH
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(D q=Oh =< =^nQi ` = YOP< #~_ Q ~K|_.)
624
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628
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h. "_ hK_. gO ZC_ `KH~> JC_ J`_ #QO~ #~z
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J C _ J| (O l ) ` # ` ~ _ H î q_ z _ ''^ = = H ( ~ )
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HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

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^==H#x "= Hq<~ J#~>O. x[". ^=xH ` h=
` H~_ P# =H" # x. Hx DH@
z J|^HOx ^=_
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gO ` = = } J_ ~ @ H x W `= ~Q
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O `x q~z uiy Jq"Y
i J=~a~K_" . J~^= i
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K HO . (2,3)
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"ix Z#>H =x~K_ . (J~>) Ô# H ^=_ <O~ K_ . (5,6)
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qO! g ~`#~, i~^ q=e ^=^#~ #~_
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J^`~ Q O~k~K_. z=iH gO~` P# " H =Oe = L~k.
=H L# = q+ P#H `. gO ^K q+ ,
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u == h, u q+ h i"+~ z L~^x gO `H=_xH (D
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q, ^= ^` J`xH HQ L<O. (3,4)
XH" ^= =H gH~îH q_He=_~ [iy`, ^=_ g #~
J`xH gH~> += ~# Oe k_ . "O (gH~>) Z~` =~z
=~Q, qhQ, q#=`Q, H=} HOH<"OQ,
^ O^H Q, L"H Q L~>O. "O O q # H=K, ^
H# H=K. (5)
qO! gO q=e, g Oe #OHy #~_ OH~ KH~_.3
P #OHyH =#=, O q^
=Ò. JH_ ^$_H #, Hi#
($^#) ^=^` (#OH xOHQ) xq` L~>O.
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tO=O. ("O #OH`) ''JqO! DOA gO H
K H~_. g~~> HO K H<O J~> u
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P#~>O. (6,7)
qO! g~ =#iQ ^=_ H=} H~HO_. g =
g =xOz, q=e O =~K O= < "t ~
*_. POA ^=_ `# =HH, J`x`@ q~z#"iH Z~>
J==<H QiK_. i *u "i =~^ H_" OQ``
L~@~k. JC_ "O ''! = *u4x =H~ iO~(Q H~u
xK) K. ==e Hq~K. x~^~Q h= u^x J^
HeyL<= Jx iO . (8)
=H! Jq`, H@
` O_. "i@ Hi# ~Q ==i~K.
"i x~ #OH= =`~k. Jk = K_ x~. (9)
Jq q+ ~ ^=_ #, ` (=H) Oe LÔ
}Q O~@<_. P e Ô }`# = H e î ^~` ~
3. XH =H `# O
~OH}
^ ` Z L~@~^, ix <O
Q=Q fik^= # ^ ` H_ J`x L~k. ^= =H (~ ) W J<O:
''g u=H ^``_# ~OHH_. H#H g u=H J`x
~OH} L~_ix Qi~z (OH <#~) t~K|_`_. H_
e` [ ~OHH _. J`# `# [ q+ ~ ^ _=`_. O+_ `#
O
H ~OHH _. J`# i q+ ~ ^ _=`_. `# O W~>H,
J`x
H ~OHH O. P" i q+ ~ ^ O=`~k. (|Mi)
4. O
H *u Qi~z# q=OH 57:12-15 H
K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(67. =)
637
5
L~_O. J` "O `= O
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"O
# ^=x (tH) #~_ U=`~ H_H O. "iî ` ''" ~_,
Jy _" i`@ gO JyH _~ _ Jx K _~ [iy~k. (10)
q q+ ~ ^=_ O < O Q^# ^$~`~Q O~@
<_. P" (^x i) ''! <H~ h ^QO O~ XH Q$~
xi~K. ## O < i#~_, J`x (^+) HO (H_ )#~_ H_. (D)
ÔO *u #~_ <H q=H Hey~K Jx J#k. (11)
JQ ^=_ W=< H=O =O~x H_ LÔ}Q O~@
<_. P" `# =<x H_H# O= j=u. "= =" #~_ P"
(QO ~ )H XH P`# T^=. P" `# = ^# #, P# Q~^
# q~z, ^= q^
Ki~k. (12)
J=Ò}
:=H
67. O=`~ (=) H:30
D J^x ''= (O[~ H O=`~) J~>O. Wk #|q

HO~~ J=ì~z L~_=Kx `~k. W~^ ^=x H =O#,
=O}#~Ò rq`~ `x q~Kx"iH ZÔ
~HO i}=
# Qi~z q, =#=e ^=x UH`~ " =_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

=` qO=`~ Hey=# ^=_ Z~` ^ H_. P#
u == , u q+ ~ OkHO~ Hey L<_.1 g Z=O =~z
# KO (=O=O K_ # KO) sH~K_xH P# r=#
O} $+~ K_. P# = H= ~`_, Q H= je. (1,2)
5. D eÔ `= O @ q`HxH _O~> hu "#
K+
H X_Q>
Ox JO~ H^. O Ô ~ q+ ~ `= O
` Hi~K ^ .
Q ^x uO i~z ` uOO` K` HeO. [` # (J ) O
ÔO
, Ô# O # `# *u <HH W~ q~z#ix Qi~z Z>
HC_ =KO~ J~^*~_k. JQ [` ` (J) O H_ `# O
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# `# *u<HH =KO~ J~^* ~ _k.
1. D H
=` qO=`~ ^=x Ku< L~^x, P#H u
q+ ~ OkHO~ L~^x K|`~k YOP<. J~> P# =` q==#
#~ #~z $+~ z, ^x `#Jc+~ HO~ H_ ~nQ xO< _. P<
H>k QH, #H`H `= `= xs` HH x=|^~Q ~Ki~K
xOt ~K_. P# J}=} J^, JkH~O Hey L# JOH ~#_. q
xO}xH, q~x "`~ $+O $[#H H=# Hu H;"# =
Ô `~ P#H i JkHO~ L~k.
638
(67. =)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P# XH^x XH> U_ PH xi~K_. (K_~_) HO}

=x $+x O}~ gH^< H=O`~ Hx~ ^? Hx~K^ . =O
i K_~_. ZH_< gH U^< ~ Hx~ ^? (H"~>) =m=m
K_~_. (z=iH) gK J J==#O~` "#H =O`.
gH g~ L# PHx "= J^`" # (Ò)n` fikk
">x KH e ìqH> ^< Q K~. D KH
H~ "=
Q Q =~_ Jyx ^ O z
L~K=. (JQ) q =# uO i~z#
"i H~ #OHt H HKHx L~k. #OH~ O= K_ x"~. J~^ qi
" |_@C_ "O ^x
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f="# PQ ^H` |^
`#@ QKi~ k.
J~^ (^+) =H# qi"# C_ ^x xOH i#^
t~z ''g ^QO H Ki~K"~=O O^? Jx J_QÒ. ^xH "O
''Z~^H O^ , =K_H`# . Hx "=`_ uO i~K~. J`x` '^=_
OxH G~ s` XH G"` ^$+
QH , =*xH J> `_ ^ . D
O~_>
# HO< O= }= L<. J` ^=_ P O= } ~Y, xO}
H ~|~k~z O~_ "O O ^` e J=~a~K_~ Ô XH Ôx QQ , =O
Ôx =[~Q $+~K_. W "`~ 110 H Q =H (Elements)
O=}=` D q~ LxHH =z~k. D =Hx> ^=xH J^,
JkHO<. J~`H^, D =H O= }=x ><, #><,
ZH<
"^# O= } qQ H_ ^=x J^[< L<.
OÔ O J< G"` O=} xO}x O==` _. O=}
H~^~ (#H
) ''>< J#|_ ^< " H}, ''#>< J#|_ P"
O ` H} L~>. H ~^~ K@ ''ZH< J#|_ O}" H} `= `=
xs` HH Ju"Q~ Q iq L~>. J~`H^, uiy D ZH<
K@
><, g< "^# =
H Q LH}
H_ uOQ` L~>. J~>
Ox K@ q, J~QOH _ `kÒ Q , P Q K@ K~^_ ~>
LQ Z uOQ`~> JQ O= }= #H
K@ ZH#,
ZH< K@ ><, g< =QO LH} uOQ` L~># =@.
(Q , #H `# Qi~z 36:36 HH O# ^ zH K_~_.)
O= } == F qz` [Q` . W~^x u H}=, LH}
= ^=x
J^[ L~@~k. W=h P# P*#O" Z~` H_ ~nQ, x=|^~ Q
`= `= q^ e xO L~>. J~^H W^ J^~x 67:3,4 H

^=_ W J~@<_: ''HO }=x $+ xO}~ gH Z~> H=O`
"< Hx~ ^? Hx~K^ . =OHi K_~_ ZH_< gH U^< ~ Hx~ ^?
(H~>) =m =m K_~_. z=iH g K J J==# O~` #H
=O`.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(67. =)
639
Un ~^ . h= K J=O~ _ = J<~ Jx J~>O. (3''J! = _Q#!! "= (=H =@) qx J~O K HxL~>
D~A (=H Ôu >k H^.) "= JytHH Q~ # "i Ki =~_"O~
H= Jx H_ J~>O "O. Dq^~ Q O `= `C XCH~>O.
D #OH <#~ Q#! (WC_ gO `C XCH<k?) (911)
Z=O `= =# (` H~ Q) K_H ~_< P#H
_` O
"i H~ =x~, Q H$`
~ L<. gO "Q =>_< ,
aQO Q =>_< XH> P#H (g) J~Ò~ Q "k xQ_ q+
~`~ `. $+~ z#"_H (`# ^ ~Qu) è^ =i? P#
Z~` H;Q, O ~ è#_. (12-14)
gO q Li`~ (xt~`Q) uiQ~^H P< ^x J^
L~K_. ^=_ k~z# Lk (X#O) J#q ~K~_. z=iH gO
(=O}#~Ò~ ) P# xkH #s= = L~k. (15)
PH~ L#"_ q=e O`Q qH kQ|_ K _x,
q f= H~ #` Ty^x gO xO
~Q L<O? (H) PH~
L#"_ gH O `<x ~_x xt~`Q L<O? (P q` =z
_Q <) JC_ `~ k gH < KiH Z~>. (16,17)
giH O~ Qu~z#"O H_ (=H
#) uO i~KO. WH < @
Z~` Hi# ~Q L~_^ K_. gO `=g^ OH *`, =_ ZyO
H e iH~z K_^ ? (J) ">x (U PÔ~ H ~_) > L~K"_
HO}=_ ` =O=O O. P# u $+Oh O"H<_.
HO}=xH =uOH~Q g ^QO q=e P^H QeQ #~
U=~^ H K~_ (=H). gO
^ "xH QO L<O. x,
HO }=_ `# Lk (=O~ ) = WH gH LkxK "O=O
K ~_ =. (Z=O O .) gO
`= àO`#~, ` uOO
#~_ |@ _>
xH ^~ Q O . (1821)
(O, ) ` =~KHx (=Q^
) #_K" _ ~ # î #__, H
` Hu >Q K K^ <# @ #_K _ O# î L~>_?
"iH KC: ^=_ q=e >~K_. P< gH q<, K Hxz
Pz~K, JO~ K H< "^ H_ k~K_. Hx gO (P#H) K
` =Q H$`[` K`<O. (22,23)
"iH K : ''q=e =~_~ qi ~* # _ ^=_. P#
xk< gO (=O}#~Ò~ ) gHi~z " @|_Ò. (24)
640
(68. YO)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"O (h KiH MÒ K H~_) ''h= Kk x[=` (

~= ~ Qi~z#) D "Q#~ ZC_ <O" O `~k? J#~>O. "iH
KC : ''P OQu ^=xH =`" `. <# q+ x J~^* Ki~K
_ =`" . (25,26)
P =~ g~z#C_ ^x K_Q< ` uOO =M
(
~^#`) =_KH`. JC_ "iH ''W^ gO (ZC_ ~
q~ ^x) J_Q`~_# q+ ~ Px K _~ [OQ`~k. (27)
"ix J_Q: ''gOC _< Pz~KO? ^=_ ##, < J#KO #
K~< H HO }~z< (^x= gH XiQ^g ^ . Hx) ` uOO#
ÔO tH #~_ Z=O H_Q
O? (28)
"iH è*: ''P# Z~` HO }=_, P< "=
q<= P< #=Hx L~>=. (Hx) iQ =O+`~
_# "O=O gH Ò< è`~k. (29)
"ix J_Q: ''g =, H~@x hO <H W~H` WH Ph>
T@e gH=O fO ? nx Qi~z gOC _< Pz~KO? (30)
J=Ò}
: =H
68. H~ (YO)
H
: 52
D J^x ''Y~ J~>O. Wk H_ #|gH~ O~ H~<

J=ì~z~k. W~^ ùOO q=OH, P~} =^#
q ix Ki~z `^~ K|_~k. D ~Ô~ ^=_
k~z# =O =O z P #H H $ ` # F `@ [=#
=$`~`~ LÔ}Q O#|_~k. H|\ `xH q=Y~` gH
P `@ [=#H ># Q` _~^x Ki~K_~ [iy~k. z=O
^==H (~)H #~ Qi~z Hx K# W=|_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

#<...H~ H! "O "#^x H!! h = ^= h=
U=`~ z"_= H=. hH ` H~_ Z#>H J~`~Hx Q u
~
a ~ k. x~^ ~Q h= J`#` Q}~u H_=. g Z=O
L<^ Ò< hH `~ k "iH `~ k. (1-6)
h =H `#=O~ #~_ Z=O ` O Q `. PQ
Z=O <O~ L<O H_ P#H Q `. H#H h=
` u~~ `K =u H U=`~ `"QH . h= H~K~ "`| _`
"O H_ H "#H `Q ^ =x q< O. (7-9)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(68. YO)
641
(Hx) h= =@H "iH U=`~ ~QH . (=Y~Q) p>H =>H

X@ " H< `K_ , Zu_K _, K_ K|` uiQ"_, Ò
#~_ ([#) xOk~K_, qugi# Ô<H __,
O, O= ÔO_, g@x>H `_ U=`~ hux xH$+_...
(W~>"_H ~QH ).
J`# `# ~`#~, i~^
KHx q_ _ `<_. =
H Kkq qx#C_ ''Wq sH H> O} =`"
J~>_. Ò< "= J`xH =H g^ "` > J`x K~
J}z"~. (10-16)
"= O~ XH `@ [=#H sH ># @ (WC_ =H)
"iH H_ sH >=. P `@[=# =}~K =s `=
(O ) L^ < `@Ho ` H~_ ~_ H=x J<O. O '^=_
è (~_ H~) J#^ . POu "O Q_x ^ L#C_ h =
#~_ "i `@H XH q` =z_, ^x ~@H|_# ~ ^ ~~
K~ k. (17-20)
`"OQ< "O Z~` L`~` XH~HO HH" KH~@
''~_ H#H~> ~^_ `@H |Ô~ _ Jx J<O. W
"O~Ô |ÔO. (î) OO~ =>_H~@ ''DOA =#
`@H ^" Z=O OH~_ KHe Jx J<O. "O Z=iH
zeQ= H_ W=O^x xO~KHx, `~Ô `~ÔQ "O ^
"#Q. (21-25)
J` `@ ^QOH KOHx (xO~`) K ''Uq> =#~
î` =K=...? H^ H^, =# Ô^$+" =# H~=~z~k
J<O. (26,27)
"O~î H =~z"_ (=>_`) ''gO ^=_ Z~^H
i~KOx <# K ^? J<_. JC_ "O''(x[~) =# = Z~`
q`_. =#" ÔO
~ J<O. P Ò` "O XHOHO x~k~K
H<O. (28-30)
z=iH W J<O: ''J! Z~` Ôu >~ k =#! x[~Q =#~
K ÔO ~. (WC_<) =#~ `~ KOk =# =x
H=} HOH~^=. | =# = (=#e HxHi~z) W~`H~>
=~z`@ k~K=K. (31,32)
W L~@~k (WH) tH. O
H tH W~`H~ > f=~Q L~@~k.
gs ` ~ `H~> Z~` Q~_!
H
Hi H~ i =
642
(68. YO)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^QO QQ` H_# O=<<. "= q^~#ix,

JO^ # XH ^$+` Z~^H K=? (33-35)
(giH_ J+O J#q#~` =`# ^=_ g@
#__x, OH~ H_ `=H QQ k_x
q< O?) U"~ k gH W~> xO
xH =KO? gO HOH#=h
JH_ ` H~_ a x gO^< Q~^~ KkO? J~> Q~^~ g
^QO L~^? (36-38)
H gO Hi~^ gH a~K_xH "= gH^<
~^H L~_
"Q#~ K=? nxH g Z=O ^ x J_Q. H "i q^^"
(nxH ^)? JQ` "O `= q^^# (W~^H H~Q)
fHOe. i "^# x[=` Dx Kf Oe =i. (39-41)
(~zH "H) Ò `y Ô~ =~^H=K ~A (q
=H) ~Q}=~ K _xH =#= =|_`~. JC_ gO
~Q_
O . "i K (Q ` ) H~kH "e`. <K
~, J==#~
"ix K@=_. (WH~) xH~Q L#C_ gix ~Q
}=~ (^= q^`) H~ =_~ [OQ`~_k. (Hx gOC_
uO i~KO.) (42,43)
O, =H! D "}x uO i~K"i ==O~ <H =ê@. "=
"ix "iH=`~ èx su H" } `< Q^~ H <>" =. <#
ix K K_#@ =k < #. < <Q~ Z~` H_ ~nQ L~@~k.
(~^ KO~ H~) h"^ # =H
J #~`) ==i~KH . J`# >_ ^Y~`
(==e) ZQu "_H<_. J`_ Q#H J`x = HO}~KH
=~>, J`# û H Q~~, Z~> K@ K= x "^ #~ qi
" |__. z=iH J`x = J`_ H>H~ z [# KO_.
D Jq (=)"} q~@#C_ x# q~y"=#@ HOHO
KO . Wk =` ~ K" H~ J=ì~z# `"}. J< gO
(HOH` H) ''W`# Hz`~Q z"_ J~@<O. (4852)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(69. M)
643
69. O= Ô~ (M)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 52
D J^x ''Y (O=Ô~) J~>O. Wk #|q H~

O~ H~ J=ì~z~k. [` L=O (Ol) FOA ^==H (~)#
"k~ K_xH H "O. J_ ^= =H (~ ) H O# K < O.
[` L=O (O l ) P = h x <@ " =_ ` # YO P <
H q~@ ^x qt+ e @ PO` ''W`# `H~_ Hq J
L~>_ Jx =# J#H<O. "~@< ^= =H () <@ ''W^H QO=
h_# ^=~Ôx "H. UHq <\ "=_# "H H^ Jx
qx~z~k.
[` L=O (Ol) =m `# =# ''Hq HH` =~uH_
L~>_ Jx J#H<O. P "#"~@< ^= =H( ) <@ ''Wk =~uH_
K# =@ H_H^. gO K `H=Q PzO. Wk OH
= #~_ J=ì~z# (k=)"} J# H "=_.
JC_ [` L=O (Ol) $^~ W~ K@KH#k Hx,
P# "~>< ^x q~K^. W Hx ~@# `~"`, z=iH
P# `# Ke OHH~ K# ~@#` Ke~z W~ Hi~KO.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

O= Ô~! Uq> O= Ô~? P O= Ô~ Uq>
hH=~< `? (1-3)
P^, =^ *` O`Q =z_ (
) q` x uO i~KO.
J~^= =^ [ XH O" # =^xH QO `=O.
P^ [ XH
~HO" # `# ^|H <#= O. ^=_
^x =OQ U_ Ou, Zxqk Q "ig^ _"_. (JC_
h=H_ L~_=~>) "OH _ YOO "^ _# @ xs=~Q _= ~_@~
hH Hx~Kk. K_, "i Z=_< }` |@__? (4-8)
O <, J`xH O~ L~_# *`, ` H~^ ^ ~=# [#
^ [#~ H_ OxH _O. O~` `== (~#)
=H
H ZÔ uiQO. JC_ P# "ix Hi# ~Q @H <_. (9,10)
(# =H H~) `# =O^ L^$`" #C_ "=
q=e F_H ZH~K=. D ~ @# gH H#qC He~ K *H Q
qye`~^x, QO~KH< K= ^x ÔKH~>x "q
K=. (11,12)
644
(69. M)
Y~P< "=$Ò
P Ò` ()~Y~ XHi i~KQ< qx, Oè

J=~`~ ZuH ^ `<`#H K _~ [OQ`~k. POA [OQ= #
~@# [OQ`~k. JC_ PH~ |^, J=" `~k. (iH`
q~ PqOq~k.) #k ^=^` `H=~ L~>O. POA
Zxqk =~k ^= ^` h = ~#~ Zu@
Hx L~>O. POA
q=e (^=x <#~) " @_~ [OQ`~k. (JH_) gO U
Oh ^KO. (13-18)
JC_ H_Ku H HO `~ W=|_# =x+ (Z~` ~|O_ ` `#
|~^qè HHx) ''WkQ < HO `~, K^=~_ H. <# <
(HO
~) H <H ` H~_ a ~ ^x q~ _} Jx J~>_.
J`xH Hi# Y~` J#q_. = J^`"# O=#~
L~>_. ^x ~_Q `
|O=` H~kH =~yL~>. ''Q u#~_,
`Q~_ gO Q`r q`~ K H# (` O) H$`
~ J#q ~K~_
(J~>O ^= ^`). (19-24)
WH Z_=KuH HO `~ W=|_#"_ (f=~Q ` _ `)
W J~>_: ''J! < HO `~ <H
a~KH ~_, < H q>
<H èH~_ L~> Z~` Q~_k! <Hz# (è)K" ## iQ
`^=>~z L~> Q~_k!! DOA < i~^ <H=`~ xH
O^ . < JkHO~, Pk` h =>
He. (25-29)
(JC_ P[=`~k:) ''@H~_ "_. "_ "_H Qk|~_ H>
#OH~H `~_. P Ò` _| =O Q` "_ ay~z
H@~_. =#`_# ^=_ g_ #""_ H^. JnQH ^"_H
>_ # ~ H_ >" _ H^. J~> HO H~ WÒ e `
~K"_ H^. J~^= D OlH_ g_ >~ KH<"_ _ . p=,
<` O ` "_H u#_xH =Og a~K^ . ` =`" W~>
(AQHO" # ) u~_ u~>O. (30-38)
H|>, (gO#H<k x[~) H^. gH QKi~K^x O, QKi~Kx^x
O =}~K K|`<#. Wk QO=h_# ~^ Ox "H. U Hq
<> "=_# =@ H^. gO
|`H =Q qO . Wk U =~u
H_ K # "HH_ H^. gO
K `H =Q PzO . (39-42)
Wk OH= #~_ J=ì~z# (k=)"}. W`# ~Q
He~z U^< q+ ~ KO~K, "q`x _K
@Hx H~O< ~
H" "~. JC_ ==e D x #~_ U H J_H ^ . (43-47)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(70. =Pi*)
645
Wk
H
Hi H~ J=ì~z# `^ ~ . g H~Ô
xOHi~KO<Ox =H `. J~> uOOHk `xiQ
`xH HO} `==`~k. Wk iQ #=^y# ` ~. H#H =H!
h= =`~ =#`_# h = <=~ i L~_. (48-52)
70. PO} < (=Pi*)

J=Ò} : =H
H:44
D J^ x ''=Pi* J~>O . Wk H _ ^^ #|g H ~

O~~< J=ì~z~k. W~^ ~, O#OH q+e #K
ùOO# Ki~z, `^~ K_~ [iy~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

J_Q"_ ()tH# Qi~z J_Q`<_. Jk Jq
qOKH _~^H `H~_ =~k. ^<=O PO. Jk PO}
< [=x J# ^=x " #~_ =~ k. (1-3)
i^` (lc ^`), (WÒ) ^=^` P# k= xkH
" ~=ÒH =#"# XH nO k#~ ZHÒ.1 H#H
=H! #~ =~K, ~O=~`" # #~ =~K. (4,5)
"O tH K Ô~Q L~^#H~@<O. Hx "= ^x Ju
g~Q K< ~. P (tH qOKH_) OA PH~ K=O `@ =i
`~k. O` O~Q O~Q ^k~* ZQO`. u XH_
Z^>"_ (û)x K#>H U }`_ `# Pq`_
>~ KH_.
POA ` (#OH) tH #~_ ` ~KH=_xH `= Oe ,
J#^=e, (~K~) `=H P~ W=Qey# Ju x`
|~^ =Ox, z=iH ~ K~x "O~^s iO~Q W=^KH~>O.
(J< tH#~_ |@_@~) U=`~ [OQ^. Jk f=~Q [i
#O H y *. Jk K O x =ez =_ " ~ k. ` xH q=Y_
=_" QH ^< x H_>
^x => =>H i @H ~@ Ô K
H#
u_ Jk ZQu ~ k. (6-18)
=#=_ #~ x_Q $l~K|__. U^< H P^ =
K, H~QO_`_. ~^ X#Q_#C_ <i`#~ =_.
J` H~Ô J K O. "i Q}Q} W L~>:
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646
(71. #)
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"O #=* K"~ x`~ H=~ ` H~_ #=* qkx >O .

"i ~^
Ji~K"iH, Ji~Kx"iH XH xs` Q~ L~@~k.
"O (OH) fOk<x qO.
`= = tHH
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Z=O xO
~Q L~_H _^ .
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`= x
q+ ~ W K H~_ L~_@~ Z~> `C
^ . Jk ` =O^< HO"O ^ gOO.
`=# #q JyOK|_^x H_ x*fO .
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H ~ q+ ~ hu, <H H@|_ L~_O.
(U=O@H #HH~_) `= #=A# H_H<"O.
gO~` QO=^~ Q O= < (Q) L~>O. (19-35)
O, =H! D uOO H_, Z_= " #~z [@ [@Q h
^QO H O Q` H < O~^H? "i u XH_ `# Q Q` H_#
O~ "t ~*
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gi #~ giH~> +
# =#=e fHOQ=. =H H L~k. =`
Z=O > _
O . (36-41)
H|> "ix P@@, xH=e# =@< _ L~_x=. J^
u z=iH "O `=H "Q#~ K|_`# OAH KOH~>O.
JC_ "O `= qQ " ^_ f# @, =^ #~z z XHi
HHO >_ ` O Q` ` O. (J` fO KO= # K>H Ki#C_)
"i K (`~ `) H~kH "e`. J==#~, Ju+
"ix
P=i. J^ giH Q#~ K |_`# (
) k#~! (42-44)
J=Ò}
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71. #
H: 28
D J^~ H_ #|g H~ O~H~ J=ì~z~k. W~^

=H |Ô^HH `^~ K_xH #=H (J)
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Hx H~Ô q# P *u[~` Px uOi~KO. z=iH P#
Y~P< "=$Ò
(71. #)
647
^=_ "_H=_~, ^~` P *u[ ~HO"# `# =O^H

O<#= =_~ [OQ`~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

"= # (=H)# J`x *u[ ^QOH ~, "i =^
i `" # tH =z_H =~^ "ix Ki~Kx P^t~K=. (1)
(^x HO~) J`# (`# *u[ ^QO H o ) Dq^~ Q J<_: ''<
*u [O! <# q=e +~Q Ki~K_xH =z# "} (^=
=H# ). H#H (<=@ qx) ^=_ POk~K~_. P#H
_~ _. <H
q^` K~_. (JC_) ^=_ g # =x~z XH xs`H~
=OH q=e H=~Q L~_x_. ^=_ xO~z# (tH) =~
=z#C_ ^<=O PO. D q+~ gO JO~ KH~> Z~`
Q~@~k! (2-4)
(D q^~ Q # =H J<H U~_ @ [H `^ K< ^Q
[#~ Hx~K^ . ^~`) J`# ^=_ W "O@H <_:
'' ! <# < *u[# (h " ) O~|= eK#. Hx <
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H= aH @_xH <# "ix ez#C_ "O K= " ÔH<
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i J=~a~z = QO `
O. <# aQ~Q =\_` "ix (^=x ") eK#. `~"`
|~OQOQ H_ ^K #. P "eQ H_ #K* _xH u~K#.
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PH~ #~_ =O~ Hi_ . gH ~`#~ i~^
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gH~ `@ ~__ O =~* _ . U=~~k gH,
1. ^^ u ^= =H [H OA=O~ k , 'H= }H q =x
_ Hx P# " =Oe` P# gH ~ K rq`~ H_ , M
k_ x è*_. ^ =H (J ) ^ QiOz 11:52 H, # =H
(J ) ^ QiOz W^ JÔ 1012
, J~u= ^= =H ==^
(~ ) =H [ K# ^ QiOz 11:3 H K_O_.
Fi =n< f="# HO = = J> Yb [` L=O (Ol) =O~ H~
^ x i~K_xH |^ =x~H ^P ("_ H) K TOH<O. ^x
[ Px q=i ''gO =O~ H~ ^P K < ^ J<O. P# ^xH
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He?) Jx K # J^~x D H
(71:10-12) i~ KO.
648
(71. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^=x B#`x #=O? P< H^ q=e qq^ > O~k~z#

(~H=O`_~#) _.
'P# XH^x XH> U_ PH $+~ K_. J~^ K~^_
(K>
H~u "^[ ) *u K_. O_ (^n=#~Q Ht~K)
n~Q $l~K_. W^~` gH Hx~K_~ ^?
'^=_ q=e <#~_ z` qz`~Q "Hu~K_. Ò`
P# q=e J^ <H uiy fH<_. z=iH J~^ #~K
q=e |>H f x__ . gO Ô }

q =O ~K
i~K_xH gQ P# ^x gH~ qiK_. (5-20)
# (W~H) W J<_:
'' ! "O <=@ kH i~KO. ~`#~ i~^
` =i~`
(|i`y~z) #+~ Hx`KH# ^xHH "O qÔ. "O
(<g^) ^ H@<O. (q^^"< @H"_`) "O OO~
'=#~ =# ^ # Z#>H q_<_H _^ . =^x, "x H_ =^H
H_^ Qx, =x, #x H_ =#~ =^HO^ Jx KC
H<O. ! Wq J<H= ~kx =O + ` xH QiK. h= H_ D
ÔO
H =O + ` ~ ` =i ^x# =$kx=H. (21-24)
(z=iH) "O `= HO}~Q (h@) =~z"|_O. (P
`~"`) #OHy qi"|_O. WH "ix ^=x (@) #~_ UH
H_H ~k. "O Z~> ~ ~^H O. (25)
(P ~Ô ~ ) # W J<_: '' ! D uOO U XH_
=~_~ r=~Q =ê@H . XH" h= gix =k gO h ê
î Ò. gi ~ù #~_ > u =H ÔO_Q, HO_Q>#
uOiQ =O`_. ! ##, <è^~_e, <W~> qQ "
t~z# u =x+h, q~z# =` O+b Hq ~K. ÔO
H
=`~ q<~ ` =O~^# =$k Hey~KH . (26-28)

M` ^= _ [` <| (O ) xkH XH`# =z `= ~`~
HO = =z~^x è_. JC_#, J` =x~H ^ x "_ H~_ Jx
KO. H> =OH`# =z `# î^ u x UHO = @H <_. W~HH_ =z
`#H ~`#~ HQ_~ ^x KC H<_. "OH_ =z `# ~ ~@ `y `~k
U~ K x J_Q_. [` < | (O ) O~îH =x~ H~ ^ x
"_ H~_x XH =^#qKO. ^xH [ PO` ''J^q@~_ gO qa#
OH O^ K# O~îH XH xO} K`<O? Jx J_QO. ^xH
=^#~Q P# # J^~x D (71:10-12) H
i~ KO.
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(72. l<)
72. `~ (l<)
649
H: 28
D J^x ''l< (Ò) J~>O. W~^x q+ Q=x

Wk #|gH~ O~H~ J=ì~z L~_=Kx `~k. W~^
l# ==H ==^ (O) <@ YOP< "} qx ^x q~z,
`= *u [<xH P q+~ `` ^=x UH`~ Qi~z q=i~K_~
[iy~k. P `~"` =H JqH D =$`~`~ è* `^~
K |_~k. l# (JO> `) D q< LO_ =#=H H#Ox
qz` |kr=. =#=H =kiQ< g>H |n*<, q+=~|#
K L<. gi H_ [#, Ô# q, Jq
L<O. giH O#OH L<.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

=H! "iH ~Qu è*: l# =~ XH> (YOP< ^)
q#^x, Ò ` (`# *u ^Qi Ho) Dq^~ Q J#^x <H kq+$u
Ô è* |_~k:
''""H J^`"# YOP< ("}) q<=. Jk <O~ "
=O^ O #~ K ~ k. J~^= "= ^x q~K~. WH#~z "= =
=H Z=ih > He~K=.1 (1,2)
''= = =#`_, ==x`_. P# Z=ih `#H OQ
Qx, H=OxQ Qx K H^ . (3)
''=# =O [ #~ ^ = x q+ ~ ` =uO H " # =@
K|`<O. ^=_ Qi~z =#=, l# Z#_ J|^_Ox "=
q~K~. (4,5)
''H~Ô =#= l# H~î OH}
HO`<O. Dq^~ Q "O
l# QOx =i~` JkH~ KO. (6)
''gO q~z#> =#= H_ ^=_ Z=ih =HQ xq~z
~_x J#H<O. (7)
''"= PHx "uHK Jk \+OQ HÔ`, L`
x~_ L#@ Hx~z~k. Wk=OH` (U^<) q#_xH =#H PH~
HO< K@ îHk. Hx WC_ iu =i~k. ^~QK@Q Z=O<
q#_xH u J`xH XH Jy* `# H~ =@" L~_@~
Hx# k. (8,9)
1. l#e Qi~z WÒ q+ H 46:29-31 H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
650
(72. l<)
Y~P< "=$Ò
''"H U^< H_ `> xO~ [iy~^, H "i =

"iH <O~ KQO`<_ =HO~ H=_~ ^. (10)
''=# H~Ô [# L<O =iH~Ô Ô# L<O. =#~
qa# (=`)=OQ pe L<~. =#~ H~ ^=_ Zki~K
=x, i H_ P# @ #~_ |@_=x =HC_
èz~k. (11,12)
''"= =`~ `^ qx q~K~. (W)Z=O< `= =#
q J`xH WH Z~> #+~ Qx, J<~Qx [OQ`~^#
O
L~_^ . (13)
''=# H~Ô ^=xH q^ (=~)# "O<O. H~Ô
`xH q=Y# "O<O. H#H Z=O q^` =O~ (W~)
J=~aO "O =H=O~ ~k#>. JQ Z=O `xH q=Y
=Ò O #OHxH q^
Ò. (14,15)
(=H! giH W KC :) [ <O~ O ~ Q LO> "= "iH
`Q~^H +~Q h>x J#Q ~, `Ô "ix sH ~. `= =
O}H q=Y "ix P# Hi# ~Q tH _ . (16,17)
PO^< J H" ` H~K|_. H#H JH_ J #
H^x =O=ih i~KH _^ . (PO^< ~) F ^= ^_2 Px
i~K_xH x|_#C_ gO J`x qOKH_>
xH ^= O.
=H! "i` W J#: ''<# <=x i<#. P#H
=O=ih >He ~K_~ ^ . (J~`Qx <<g `C K _~ ^! =O~^H
g~ < g^ qOKH_ `<O?) (1820)
W KC : ''gH H_ Qx, "Qx K _xH <Ku Ug ^ .
W~H KC : ''## ^=x @#~_ Z=O H_O . P# xk
` =OH_ <H OH}^. ^=x He, P# ~^x ([H)
KO"
_" <x. Jk` =O^ ` ^ <g^. H#H ^=x q+ ,
P# =H K =@ q~Kx iH~ #OH~ HKHx L~k.
O~^ (<< `# J#q ) ZHO _L
~>O. (2123)
"i (Jq~< L~_) `=H "Q#~ K# ^x KO.
JC_ `~ k "iH Z=i =^` Ô |#, Z=i ~M|~
`H . (24)
2. WH_ XH ^= ^_ J~> ==^ =H (~ ).
Y~P< "=$Ò
(73. =[q)
651
W KC : ''gH "Q#~ K |_`# q+ ~ g~< L~^,

H < = ^xH~ nOH~ xO
~K_ <H` è^. P#
Jf~k q+ Ziy#_. `# Jf~k*<x `#Z#H#
=HH ` =O=iH k~K_. (> ^` H~) P# `# =HH
=~^, "#H J~QOHHe (J~> ^=^è) xq_. "O `=
= ~^ J~^*Ox J`# `H=_xH (H_) D UO@
[iy~k. ^=_ "i iOx>h i"+~z L<_ P# =
q+ H > L~K_. (25-28)
73. ^> HC Hx xk~K_ (=[q)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 20
D J^x ''=[q J~>O. W~^ 1-19 H

#|gH~
O~~ J=ì~K. 20= H .. O~_= ~=Ò~ J=ì~z
L~_=Kx H~Ô +HO Ja_O.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

^> HCHx xk~K"_! Ou" (#=AH~) z x|_.
J` O ~` H^, JOO u^H. ^ J~`H~ > H~K~ `H = K H.
^ J~`H~ > H~K~ ZH= K H. YOP<x Py Py x^#~Q i~ K.
"= hg^ (Z~` ^`` H_#) F |O"# "}x J=ì~*
`<=.
=## J^ L~K_xH Ou *QO}
Z~` [#HO" # k.
Q ~`~Q YOP< i~K_xH H_ Jk K =~["# ".
(JnQH) hH Q>
@ (WÒ `) J<H #~>. (17)
(^) h = <=~ i L~_. Jx>h =ê P#H J~H`
=~. P# Ò_= OH =. P#` =O PO^ _ _ .
H#H h= P< h OHH _Q K H. P# g^ O~ ". (8,9)
[#~ He~z KC H< =@ >~ KHH. #~` ==i~K.
` O+_ "iH Ô~Q L~_. `x kH i# ^x H ~Qu <H
=k. <# "i O ` ~ _#. "ix H~`H~ J^ u L~_x.
("iH~) = ^QO |O=~# ~H<. QQ=~_ Jy,
Q~` WOH PO~, ÔO
`# H_ L<. W=h q,
O` f=~Q H~~K OA ZÔ=`. POA ^^ O`
`~ WH u< =i KK^ ~ ~ `. (10-14)
652
(74. =^ ~)
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O~ "= O< ^QOH (=) =H# Z ~" JQ

D<_ g ==O~ Qi~z H~ W=_xH g ^QOH (==^)
=H# ~=. O O? P~A PHO |^
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"Q#~ <O" ~ fO`~k. W^H `^ ~ . W+" # O `= = " "
=O~ J=~a~K=K. (^ _î> #OH~ << _= K.) (17-19)
=H! h= XHi =_~@ O~_=~` Ou^H, =OHi JOO u
^H, "OHi =_~@ XH =~` Ou^H "x PO^# Q_ `=x
h =H `. h J#KO H_ H~Ô W K < O.
Ou"# , Q\
" # ^=_ H H__ . "
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H@ Ox P#H `. J~^= P# q=e HxHi~K_. WH
#~_ gO YOP<x ~Q Z~`"OH i~KQey` J~`"OH
i~K~_. g H~Ô "kQ, H~Ô ^#Q~ (Lk)
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L~>Ox H_ P#H `.
H#H YOP<x ~ Q i~ KQe y#~` i~ K~_. O< == <
H~_. (^ PiH H) [H` Ke~ K~_. ^=xH +" # O}~ J~^
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OH`~Q L~@~k. J^ J`~` +=~#k, ^x H$`~ H_
#"# k. ^=_ =x~ "_ H~_. P# Q H= je, Jq` ^
=_. (20)
74. ^> HC Hx _ H#_ (=^ ~)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 56
D J^x ''=^ O J~>O. W~^ "^> U_H

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J^~x èJ^ H
J=ì~z# H~`HxH J=ì~K.
qye# H =H WO ^~O QiOz |O~Q KO~ O~a~z#
Ò` "^>iQ *` =z#C_ J=ì~K. W~^ ^=_
Jq "Yix f=OQ YO_OK_. =Y~Q D =b^ a<
=QO J< HO@H_ àO`<x, J`x ^+ <Q# xt`~Q
q=i~K_~ [iy~k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(74. =^ ~)
653
P Ò` OH i}=# Qi~z =# =~k. ==^

=hx() "@"^> ^=~^~ OQ J=ì~z~k. JC_
96= J^~x è J~^ H
"=_. Wk P#H kq
+$uH ~|~k~z# "^> J#=~. J~^= P# _ O.
P `~` H~`H~ =OH P# Z~> ^=~^~ J=ì~K^.
J~> u P# FOA ZH_H `~> PH~ #~_ F q~`
^x qx~z~k. ù K, `# W~`H O~ OQ K# ^=
^` Di =H~` =H =^ XH Hs HOx L<_.
=h ==^ (~ ) D JÔ} ^$~ K f=
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P=i~z ^=~^~ J=ì~z~k. D J^~x "^> U_ H
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D J^~ è H W=|_# P[ HO~ ^==H (~)
ÔKO~ O~a~KO. k=YOP< H J=ì~z#C_ >x
P# [H qx~z Ô ^ K ~ _O. W~H=~k, [#~ ~K#~
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HxH *` "^~k. P ~Ô~ ^==H (~) |@
#~_ =z# qq^ ~`, *`, `Q [# HHx "iH ^=
~ ^ ~ J~^ * _xH u~KO . Hx =H | ^ O^ H
P#H =uOH~Q ^+KO~ y P@~H $+~KO.
D xOH~ H~ |Ô^H *H =~^ XH ="~
xO~z q+x H~H+~Q Ki~KO. z=iH =b^ a< =QO
f=~Q Pz~z ''==^ ^ =~uH_x, Z=O< J`x <@ "=_
"} q~> Jk "i #~_ "i `^~_e, Oe Ô~ K~^x
KO~ K^~ Jx J<_. D u^## J~Ô P"k~z J=
OK
_ xH ^= O. Hx D KO~ = ^= =H (~ ) O JOa
#= ~z~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

^> HC Hx _ H#_! , z ([#) Ki~K. h =
B#`x K>KC. h ^ i~Q L~KH. Jq``, Ji
^`
H Ô~Q L~_. U "< ~zH [< Pt~z K H.
(H =z#C_) h = (# `) H~ #~ =~K.
~Y~ i~K|_ OA... POA iu K Hi# ~Q, O~Q

L~@~k. JqH U =`~ èHQ L~_^ . (1-10)
654
(74. =^ ~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
<# X~@iQ >~z#"_ <H =k. (<# KH~>#`x

~Qu.) <#`xH JO i~^
k~K#. J`_ ZC _ "#~>
L~_ H_He WK#. Y~`H J=O"# r=# =y#~`
k~K#. J< <# `#H =i~` J#Q #x O` L<_.
J Z#>H [OQ^. J`# =H @ ^+~ ~KH<_.
Ò< <#`_ Hi#"# (#OH)tYO~ ZH#. J`# Q Pz~z
(=H =uOH~Q) <Q~ #_xH u~K_. "_ <#~ Q#!
Z~> ^+`xH X_Q>_!! "_ _Q#! Z~> Ô}xH
__ !!1 (11-20)
Ò "` J`# ([#~ " ) K_. P `~ "` $ H> =_z, =u
qOKH<_. P "#H uiy ~Hi~K_. z=iH`# ''Wk O HO
#~p Q`# =~`*~ ` =Og H^. Wk =#= "H =`"
J<_. (21-25)
Ò< <#`_ #OH~ qi_ #. P #OH~ Uq> hH~`?
Jk (=x+x) qQ^, =ê@^ . KOx x=Q =_ " ~ k. ^x
xO} H~ ~^qk =~k HOHO
xq~K|_O . (26-30)
"= #OH HQ ^=^è xq~K=. i ~Y#
Jq H sHQ K=.2 Q~^ [H #=H~ HÔ_ xH, q
q~ =i~` ^$_~ H=_xH W K=. H#H Q~^ [, q
Z~> J#=#~ _H_^. $^~ (H@) OQ=#O,
Jq (nx q=i) ''^=_ K# D q~`=@x J~ÒO~
Uq>! J~>O.
W ^=_ `# `z# q^~ Q H~îx î ` _ =iH~îH
î K`_. h = <e Qi~z P#H ` =O=iH è^.
1. D H
^= =H (~ )H =uOH~ Q ^+ ^ H ~ O~k~z# =b^ a<
=QO q+ ~ J=ì~K.
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K_ # K_>xH u_ . ^= =H (~ ) <@ #OH H ~Y# Qi~z
q#C_ =H Jq _ WQ =i~KO. J~` ^ #OHxH 19 =~k ^=
^`< ! Jx # KO. ''=#~ "~Y L<~, D ~^qk =~k =#~
KO ? =# ^ = ~k XHH ^= ^`# ZÔ~>O Jx KC H<O. i
XH = ^ _ =~^H =z ''<<H_ 17 =~k ^= ^è =>H i #. qQ`
Wî gO~` H KH~_ J<_. Dq^~ Q #OH^ ` ~Y =H Jq
e sHH QiK, i ` u~~x =i~` JkH~ K~ k.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(75. d=)
655
[H `^ ~ K _xH D (#OH^ `) =# `K=. (31)

(gO#H~@#@ W^^ P=+ q+ ~) H^. K~^_ H! Q_z
`#Ou H! ! Ò `# L^ ~ H! !! D#OH~ Qq+ XH>.

#~HO =#= e@ ~H~=~# q+O. g (`x
HiOK_xH) =~^H OêK, H "#H~_ QO u=H e> Wk
~HO" # q+ ". (32-37)

u =#=_ `# HO H |^ `H@ == ~>_. J`
O =< "t ~K H_H ~ "O =`~ H^.
"O (#OH~ x) è K ''q=e U q+ ~ #OH~ _
"~ k? Jx J_QÒ. (38-42)
^xH ` W =^#qO : ''"= O# (#=A) K
"i KO
^ . ^H J#^#~ K~= H=. ` uOO` H
"= (`x) uO i~ _"O. fOk<x J` q+ =x Y~_
L~_"O. D u < z=iH Jx"O q+ ~ (=$`=) = =~^H
=z~k. (43-47)
JC_ O K"i O "iH U=`~ L Q_ ^ . (48)
W~`H giH=~k, ex K i J_q Q_^
= `
^xH q=Y~ `<O? J "i u XH_ `#O "=
|O~Q Y ~x HO`<_. H^, J ~Qu Jk H_H^.
iH
O
H=~>
"^ . (J~^= ^xQi~z "~ ~`~Q
Pz~K_~ ^ .) (49-53)
Z~`=`~ H^. W^H `^ ~ . W+" # O n#~_ Q}O~
<O H=K. (J^< ) ^=_ `KH~> ` Z=O Q}O~ <O HO .
=#=O` ^=xH =`" _e. P H P#H L~k.
`#H
_" i< P# Hq _ . Hq ~K JO` (JkHO~) _ P#H
L~k. (54-56)
J=Ò}
: =H
75.
~ (d=)
H: 40
D J^x ''d= (
~) J~>O. Wk #|g H~ O~
H~ J=ì~z L~_=Kx Hx LY< ^~ `~k. W~^
~ O=O Qi~z, =~}#O`~O #O`# k<# [iQ i}=
# Qi~z q=i =#=_ Ki~K_~ [iy~k. D JÔ =#=
H~ ~HO ["|^s =## QiOz KiOk.
656
(75. d=)
Y~P< "=$Ò
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~
H^. <# ~ HQ K|`<#. (gO#H<k Z~`=`~

x[~) H^. <# `##`# x~k~KH< P`1 HQ K|`<#. (=$`)
=#=x Z=He "= gHi~K= x J`# q< _? Z~^H gH
i~K= ? "= J`x " H## `~ uiy O~k~KQ
~. (1-4)
Hx =#=_ WH=~^ H_ Ô K , q$~Yrq`~ Q_
QO`<_. ''
~ ZC_~ k? Je~`H Jk =~ ^ ^? Jx
J~>_. POA =#= (f=
~^#`) H `"O . K~^_
H~uq#_ `_. OK~ê He"
_~ [OQ`~k. JC_ D
=#=_ ''<<H _H ie? Jx J~>_. (5-10)
ZH_H i=. ZH_ hH OH}
^ . POA h= h = xkH
"o x|_= L~@~k. POA =#=xH J`# =~^H ~H#g,
"#H =ê =z#g Jh è* |_`. J`# Zx H K<,
`## Qi~z ~Q `< Q ZOQ
_. (11-15)
=H! D k"q+$ux QO~ KH=_xH =_=_Q <H uH. ^x
QOK

~K_~ , hK` Kkq~K_~ = x. H#H "= i # C_ h=
^Q PHOK K. `~` ^x =~ è* _~ H_ = ^ `.
(gO#H<k) Z~`=`~ (x[O)H^. gO
ÒQ a~K (SH)
== Jq`" # ""~ ~KHx O
Hx qi~KO. (1621)
POA H~î =M HH
_` ^n=#~Q "ey`~>.
"O `= =x ` H~ Q K~ >O.
=iH~î =M xO x$` "_ *=Hi `~>. "O
`= ^ P^ qOKH_ `~^x q L~>O. (22-25)
(KxH =m |uH~K|_@~ H J< g Ja~) Z~`=`~
(x[~) H^. =x+ H#Ti` H@q>_ `#C_ ''=~u~K "O=O<
L<O? J~>O [#~. P =x+ WH `# WH~ g_ =~
P#=~^x J#H~>_. H g^ H =z_`. J^ h
= xkH |Ô= # OA. (26-30)
J` J`# (D) `x J~wHi~K^ . O# (#=*) K ^ .
Q `x xOHi~z (^=x) uOQ| __ . P Ò ` x`, h`
`# W~>H "o_.
1. q=OH 89:27-30) H
, > ^ zH K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(76. ^)
657
D "Y
i Z~` Kh~. Wk hH a ~ k. B#, D "Y
i Z~`
Kh~. Wk hH a ~ k. (31-35)
=#=_ `## W> =ê@_~ [OQ`~^x q< _? J`#
"^@ (Q O ~ ) HO|_# H â~^=Q _? `~` XH <` >
=^

O~^_. P Ò` ^=_ J`xH ^ O xi~z `y# J= ~kH
Q J=O_. P J`x #~_ O~_ "O O *`Q O+e >~
K_. W^~` K# _ Kx#"_ =m |uH~K_ ? (36-40)
J=Ò}
: =H
76. =~ (^)
H: 31
D J^x ''^ J~>O. Wk #|gH~ O~O < J=ì~z

#@ `~k. W~^ =#=_ ^=x UH`~ " JqH
=O}#~Ò~ ZÔ i}=e Qi~z Ki~K_~ [iy~k. JQ
q Q}Q}, OH~ "iH a~K M =# H_ L~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

xO @~Q Q`# Hx =#=xH `<H Q_ K q=
H_ x_Q L~_# =~ ZC_< ZÔ~^? "= =#=_
sH~ K_xH XH q= a~^= Ô >~ K=. ^xH~ "=`_ q<
"_Q, K"_Q O~k~KO. J`xH "= <O~ H_ K~KO.
J`# <O~ J=~a~z (=@) H$À_ = < H (Jq"Y
i J=~
a~z) H$` _ < (J~` J`x W =ê>=). (1-3)
ùOO H~ "= ~H, Qk|~_, QQ=~_ Jy ^
Oz
L~KO. (`x q~z#) [# (O~ ) HO O [~ He#
=^~qO . W^H O. ^= H
nx h>`@ =^~ qO .
"O `=Hi# K@ (HOx) ~ Q ^x Y# fH~>O. (4-6)
(P [# H}
WL~>:) O `= "H|_ <~" O
_ `~>O. ^=x g^
O .1 #k P^ "~KOA @ "O
1. WH_ =+ ''#* J< ^~ y~K|_~k. J~> =x+ qk~K
|_# x ^ `#H `# qk~KH# x Jx aH =~. =O=@ K~>
=x+ qkQ U^< x K#x "H|_ K H=_~ ^ u# |#_~ Jx JO~ .
W~> q^ , "H|_, u[ ` H~_ <O" O e. J` Jq `#H HH
q~z#=#C_ ^ Ô =uOH q+ # C_ >x <O" O H_^ ..
"H|_ =# J^$x =i"~^# =~` "H|_ KH=_x
^= =H (~ ) i~KO. JQ ^=_ `# x <O i < P# H~ `#
<
Ò~ K#x =x+ "H|_ K H=_x H_ P# i~KO.
658
(76. ^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
L~_ =O=~` xO^H, J<^

H, Mn H J#^#~ KO .
("O J<O
` W J~>O:) ''"= ^=x (# `) H~ J#^#~
K < ~. J~`Qx g#~_ Z~> u
~Qx, H$`[`
Qx Pt~K_~
^ . "= O" # P^ `z> nO (
)k#~ Qi~z ^=xH
_ `<~. (7-10)
H#H ^=_ "ix POA H_ #~_ H_ L~ , L`# J#Q
_. (H+ =) #~ =~z#~^H u~Q "iH O
=<, @= k_ . "OH _ J^`" # P< "`>
k~_
H#Hx HOx L~>O. "iH Z~_^Q x, Ke_^ Q x U=`~ L~_^ .
O=$H "iH h_x. ">~_ "iH J#H}~ J~^@
L~>. (11-14)
(W~H) "i=~^ "~_`, QA Q `z_O . QA Q
H_ "~_ "i`~>. J=h ~ # H HO~ x~|_ L~>.
"iHH_ ~> He# =^` J~k~K|_`. WkH_ O~
=~K XH O. nx c (=^ O =^#~) J~>O.
"i= H~ x` J@W@ Oy_`~>O. h" e
K Kî# P}=` HxO. hHH_ Z@K< O~Q O~Q Q
Q, =#` =[ " " Hx.
"i ^ > @` ~|O, |~QO [O = L~>.
"O "~_ H~H} î ~z L~>O. "i = "iH Z~` i^" #
=^#~ k_ . ''Wn g u
~. g H$+H `y# q=, PÔ}

a~K (Jx "iH ^= ^` K|Ò). (15-22)
^= =H (~ ) Fi "H|_x Qi~z K|` ''[OQ= L# U xx H_
"H|_ J_H ^ . HH` P "H|_ Ô =x+ K U "H|_< Jk J`x J^$x U=`~ =O^x ,
P "H|_ e `~ H_ J`x J^$+~ HO" L~@~^x `~k.
''^=x Jq^
` q+ ~ "H|_ <O O O^. JQ `# Jn#~
x q+ ~ H_ "H|_ <O O ^ J<O ^= =H (). (J|^=^)
XH=H =z ''< î He #_H# * ` K#x H|_ K H#k
J<_. ^xH ^= =H (~ ) ''h î (Pq^~ Q) _ =, H+~ ^=xH J=O~
^ . P" "#"H * `H "e Jx KO. (J|^=^)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(77. =~`)
659
(==^!) "" D YOP<x (~Ô#O~) HkHkQ K h

J=ì~* =. H#H (D =O~ ZÔ W|~ê JkQq ) h
[` #~ =~K. "i U Ô`_ H ` uOi K
=@ U=`~ q#H. L^~, ~`~ h = <=~ i
L~_. Ou" H_ P# xk ~Q_ ` L~_. Ou" K
^ =OH nO~Q P# (q``# ) i L~_.2 (23-26)
gO ÒQ a~K SH == Jq`"# "~ ~K
H<O. =~^ O O" # (~H@) k<x qi~KO. "" "ix
>~ z "i sO# >+ i K=. "= `KH~> "ix (`)=i
"i #~ WÒ # fHOQ~ (27,28)
W^H `^ ~ . W+" # O (nx Ô) `= = " " =O~
J=~a~K=K. ^=_ `KH#~`=OH , gO `KH#~` =`# Ug
H^. x~^~Q ^=_ O~ Ziy#_, = q"H=~`_. P#
`# Hi# "ix `# HO}KH fH~>_. ÔO H~
P# ÔO (#OH) `# ^ O z
L~K_. (29-31)
77. (O`)=< (=~`)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 50
D J^x ''=O` J~>O. Wk H_ #|gHO O~ H~

< J=ì~z~k. W~^ ~, OH~, "> OH~ i}=e
Qi~z ùOOH KiH, qH O M# Qi~z#
"O L<.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

XH^x Ò "` XH> Ò
Ò
Q ~|_ =# gzH H! `~`
(Jq) L^$ `~Q g (" #) H "H. P `~` (">x) pe
"O K. P (^=_ Qi~z) H= }Qx, KiHQx *H ~ K.
gH "Q#~ K |_`# q+ ~ (
~) ` H~_ ~q ~ k.
POA #H ` x[" `. PH~ pe`~k. O ` ^k
~[ ZQO`. ^= =H
# " > =~ P#==`~k. U
OAH~ D # P L~K|_? qKO} OA H~. qKO} O[~>
Uq> hH `? (O
H) kHOH POA q<~ ` ^. (1-15)
(`x uO i~z#) sH# "= `=O^? P Ò `
2. J~> JOO u ^># Ò ` K ` A^ #=* Jx JO~ .
660
(78. #)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=K"ix H_ "= "i "#H ~`=. <O

@ "= WQ
==i~. kHOH POA q<~ ` ^. (16-19)
"= q=e H â~^=` >~ K^ ? ^x XH xs`H ~ =OH
F K@ (QO~) ÔK^? KO, D x K H =H L~k.
"= J^`" # H =O H"O~. kHOH POA q<~ ` ^.
"= qx r=e, xs=e `# W=_H< O~k~K^ ?
J~^ Z`
# O ` `=. `Q_xH =~zh>x H_ UO@
KO. (W^~` Z=O KO?) kHOH POA q<~ ` ^. (20-28)
WC_H #_=~_ gO kH i# ^x " . =_ Ò
Q =O h_
" #_=~_. P h_ Z~> K^ # ~ L~_^ . Jy* #~_ H_
H_^ . Jk "_ =~> ^ ^ xC O= "^[ ` ~k, |OQ~=<
X~> ZQO`#@ (Jx~ k). kHOH POA q<~ ` ^.
O <O H_ "^
x û î~K O[k. H K _xH
J=H" W=|_^ . kHOH POA q<~ ` ^. J^ qKO} [iQ
OA. "= q=e, g se XH K@ KOO. WC_ =H =uO
H~Q gO^< <Q~ #Qey` x K_~_. kHOH POA q<~
` ^. (29-40)
^=cuO POA K> h_@# O =^ Q
L~>O. "O HOH# ~_,
(H}
"i =~^~K|_`).
''gO KH# ÒH u~Q <_ Q u#~_, `Q~_.
=~z"iH "= W~> u
" k=. kHOH POA q<~
` ^. (41-45)
(kHOO!) H<@ u#~_, QQ J#q~K~_.
gO
O= ÔO
. kHOH POA q<~ ` ^. (^=x =~^)
` =~K~_x Ka` gO (àO`) `=~K_xH x~Hi< O. nx
Ò ` (J~> YOP<x uO i~z# Ò `) "O =O "}x qO ?
kHOH POA q<~ ` ^. (46-50)
78. ~K<`H "O (#)

J=Ò} : =H
H: 4
D J^x ''# J~>O. Wk #|g H~ O~H~ J=`

i~z~k. W~^ ^=_ =#oH K# =H~,
~, fOk#~,
OH~ ùOO O=#~, qH a~K OM,
Jq `~ =QO q+ q~K|_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
(78. #)
661
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~
"O U q+ x Qi~z KiOKO@<O? `= qa# OHQ
Ja_`# P ~K<`H "O# Qi~K<? ("O#H~@#k)
Z~`=`~ (x[~) H^.1 Ò< "iH `~ k. B#, Z~`=`~ (x[~)
H^. JuÒ< "iH `~ k. (1-5)
"= qx qOz
x" Q~Q O~k~K^ ? ^x O
`# "HQ `^ ? q=e ( O+) [~@Q $+~ K^ ? g
x^# Y^# ~Q K ^? Oux q~u=~Q, Q>
x r=<k
=~Q K ^? g# ^$_" # U_PH xi~K^ ? "_x "^
[ `*=~`" # nx $l~K^ ? ^#~, HOQ, ^@" # `@
OQ^ H~ " #~_ Ô` =O~ Hi~K_~ ^? (6-16)
fOk#~ XH xs` =~. (Jk `# xs` =~ ` H~_
=~ k) POA ~Y~ i~K|_`~k. JC_ gO (=^ #~_)
Q~ Q~Q =O. PHÔh Ò=|_`. O` #
~ ~ K~k, `<`#H WH~ }=Q =i`. (17-20)
x~^ ~Q #OH~ =@~>k. àO kHOH x=k.
J~^< "O QÒ| _ _= ~>O. JH_ K^ # ~Qx, `Q_xH
`y# h~Qx "O KqK_O . U^< îH` Jk HQhO,
O= AQHO"# p=, <Ò2 =`". Wn ("iH a~K) i
u
~. (21-26)
"iH OH qKO} @ #=H" ^. = He J`
q+ Q iQ}~ z xOHi~KO. "= =`~ u q+ h H Q>
("i HOz> #"^K) L~K=. ''WH KqK_~_. "= gH
(#OH) `# ` =O q+h JkH~ K= (Jx "iH
K |_`~k). (27-30)
^=cuOH "i HO<O"~ J^`#~ L~k. =<O"#
L^#=<, =Ô ^H L<. ==# H#
1. ~, OH~ Qi~z ^==H (~) è# =KO~ @ =H
|^ O^H PO` J#=< =H i KO. H~Ô , =#=
Kx# Ò ` uiy |`H_ ~ [OQ^ x q =iH~Ô , O
H~ =#=
uiy |uH~K|_< OH _ ^ H ~_ P` O~ L~>Ox J#H<O.
WH_ YOPx Y~_~k.
2. =+ 'QM J< ^xH ^| `Q
_~ = qq^ J= #~_
q~K Ô~ ^ i`" # p=, <` O "^# Jx JO~ .
662
(79. <lP`)
Y~P< "=$Ò
L<O. =^~` x~_#, "O =^`<. "OH_ xH

=e# =@, J` q#O. (Wk) ^ =_# h = #~_ "iH
a~K u
~. =HH, ">=^ L# =xH =~# ^=x
#~_ a~K Q |=#~! (POA) P# =~^ ^q q_xH
H_ Z=O ~KO . (31-37)
fi Z~` q#= x|_Ò.
(i^)P`,3 ^= ^` ~H
JC_ HO}=x J#=u` O# =@ K"O ` =O=O
P#` =>_>
xH ~KO . POA O=_~ `^ ~. H#H W+= #
"O `= = " =O =O~ J=~a~K=K. (38,39)
"= Jug~< L# tH Qi~z q=e Ki~KO. =#=_
`# K*` KHx =~^Q ~H#^~` POA `H~Q K
H~>_. JC_ ` uOi (f= `~ `) ''J! <# =>
=@
L~> Z~` Q~_k!! Jx "`_. (40)
79. î QO (<lP`)
J=Ò} : =H
H: 46
D J^x ''<lP` J~>O. Wk H_ #|qH~ O~~<

J=ì~z~k. W~^ =O}^`#, WÒ ^=^`# HQ K
~=~ Qi~z K|_~k. #O`#~ Qi~z Jq Ja
e Y~_ "i=~^ ==H (J)-O< KH=i =$`~`~ L^
O}Q W=|_~k. P `~` ~, OH~ Qi~z# =# =.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

î Q>Q Q"i H! "eQ "eHf"i H! "Q~Q ZQO`
uiQ"i H! (P*#) XHOHO q~z
"i H! uiy (^" [
1
HO~ q)==O xO~K"i H! ...q XH^x Ò` XH>
J<H H~ <` Hk|_ OA H~î Q~_ f=
~^#`
^_^ _ _`. "i K (J==# O~`) H~kH "e`.
3. J~> ^=x ^QO~_ P# =HH ^=~^~ KO" ^=^` lc
(J ) Jx JO~ . è ^= =H P^~ (J) #~_ J~u= ^= =H ==^ (~ )
=OH =#~k ^= =H
H P< ^= ~^~ KO" =KO.
1. WH_ qq^ ^ `, q^ xO~K ^= ^` =}~ K q+ ~
O~a~K_~ [iy~k. ` uOi }~ f_xH xH_
# ^= ^` J`x
#O#OH KKH, sO~ #~_ _>xH [~H`# J`x P`# |
=~`~Q y |>H f_ . nxH a#~Q ^KO ~#_# q }~
f_xH xH_
# ^= ^`, |~^q =H H~ ZÔK# P q P`#
"eQ |>H f_ .
Y~P< "=$Ò
(79. <lP`)
663
''=#~ x[~Q =m =# Ou H fHO|_`=? =#~ (Kz)

tk" Z=HQ =i< (uiy |uH~K|_`=)? J#~>O
gO. ''J` =m D |uH~z _ = <k (=#H) K #+^ H"
J~>O uiy. Hx Wk ^ <g H^. XH XH cHO QO# qx~ k. J~`=OH}
" O~` z F |O~Q "^ #~H =z x|_Ò. (1-14)
hH = =$`~`~ Ki~^? J`x = q` `" J`_
ez W J<_: ''O< ^QOH ". J`# (=) uOQ|_ q^
J_. J`xH KC : 'h= q`rq`~ Q_ _ xH ^~ Q L<? <#
hH h = (#` ~^) =O~ K`#. ^x= h (^=)cu
UO_=K. (15-19)
= (O < ^Qi Ho) J`xH J^`" # == K~K_. Hx
J`# kH i~K_, (Z~` #K* <) q#^ . `~` J`# "o OHO H
<Q <_. [<x gHi~z ''<< gH J~îH~> ^=x
J<_. z=iH ^=_ J`_ ~ K~#, O
H~# tH~ K_xH @
H<_.
_" iH D ~ @# Q Q}O~ L~k. (20-26)
(O) q=e $+~K_~ ZH= H+"# < H PH<? ^=_
^x xi~K_. ^x HC Z~` HL
~_ K_. `~` ^x H=|n
Hi~K_. ^x Oux (pH>` ) H_, Q>
x ("O `) f_. P `~`
P# qx (x" Q~Q) iK_. J~^#~K hO, "` f_.
^x g^ O ` `_. W^~` g, g = [#~ H" K_.
z=iH =^=~ ~q ~ k. POA =#=_ `# K H# #
h QOKH~>_. u Ks K_>xH gQ #OH~ Ò=|_
L~@~k. J` àO` kHO"Yi J=~a~z, SH rq`xH
J`kH ^#qz#"_H =`~ #OH" (`) x"==`~k. q
= =~^ x|_ `# HOH =^#qKH= L~@~^#
W } f =$`^` QH, ^[ "=_ "=_Q< >x
tO= $+ ==O xO~K ^= ^` H_ Z~Ô L<O. XHH ^=
^` XHH ^ ` L~@~k. =#= HO e Z>H C _ iHO K ^= ^`
H_ L<O. u =#=_ ZC _ "#~>L~_ WÔ ^= ^` L~>O. XH
^` =x+ XH Ò~ K Q< ^x J`x HO `~ #"^ K_ . =OH ^`
J`x Ô #"^ K_ .
D J^~ ^=^` =}~ K_xH HO}~- =#=x #O
sOxH Q D~ KxH H_ XH J~`~ L~^x, P Ò ` =#=_ `# HO H
q = =~^ =^#~ KC H= L~@~^x Ki~K_" .
664
(79. <lP`)
Y~P< "=$Ò
=#` P#H _`, ^+ =<"~KH H~"# =HH O

x~ a ~ k. (27-41)
''W~`H P (
) _ ZC_~ k? Jx J_Q`<O "O.
^x =~ è*_xH hH~ x? P q+~ ^=xH =`"
`. h= ^x Qi~z
_" ix Ki~K"_q =`" . O ^x
(` H~ Q) K#C_ (`= ~ K~) L^ ", ~`" XH
@ =`" L~_ L~>~ Jx2 J#H~>O. (42-46)

2. O
Hrq`~ =~^ ~ Krq`~ Z~` "# ^ =x+ TH J~^^ .
O
H q+ =#= "^ H Jf`" # q. J` O
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g =`x =ê D _ =`x q~KO J<O. OA D iu Kz
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H= ~`_, ` Q ~ h_# ^=_x q~K_~ ` =Og H^.
P ^=_ (=`) =H =*xH KH=i. P# =
q+ Q=x< _. (19)
q~z# O+e _~z ÔOHH QiK#"O `= JH$
` @ `~ K~^H`, ^=_ "iH `H~_ #OHtH qk_.
"iH~ ^ #tH HKHx L~k. WH q~z ` O K# "iH
O =~K O= < L<. W^ #q[~, O= "H~ . (10,11)
h = @ K Hi# ~Q L~@~k. P< (q=e) "^> i
>~ z#_. P< uiy (q=e =O}#~Ò~ ) |uH_ . P# Q
H= je, Jq` `_, ~<n _, =#`_, ==x`_,
`# `z# HO~ k~KQ
H= ~`_. (12-16)
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# Qi~z? ("i xHH, JkHO~, >>g "ix ^=tH #~_
H_H . H#qC H~ D O~_ ~ @# K.) (17,18)
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"ix K@=>L
<_. (P~Qu Q ~KH ~_ YOP<x uO i< O.)
D YOP< ==x`" # k, ''OH` Q~^~ L~k. (19-22)

=< OA `< J^ Fi (=n<)H "o JH_ ^`
q`_ ^=`~ Hi_ . P Ò ` J`# uiQz =< P =`x
^Z `# KO~ K_ . J`x =O}#~Ò~ J`x H_H E# JkHOO ~
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D J^x ''ìM J~>O. Wk H_ #|gH~ O~ H~<

Jq =H KO^=x xOk~K_xH OHO H <Q #`#
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HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

PH~ H! ` #H `~ H! ` #H `~ J~> hH=< `?
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Ô~ ` J`# >~ K|__ . (J^qÔ Q) J`_ =m |uH~K HH _
P $+H O H L~k. (5-8)
O q+ (`~) |@> qKO}[i OA# =#=x
^QO `#^~@ Z~>H L~_^ . J`_ P^H<O H_ L~_O . (9,10)
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H! Wk xO
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gO Hx <Q #`<O. <# H_ XH <Q~ #`<#.
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"ix =ê@. (15-17)
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D J^x ''J P (=#`_) J~>O. Wk H_ #|gH~

O~ H~< J=ì~z~k. ÔKO ^`# Qi~z W~^
^==H (~)H Hx K#, `= W=|_.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

(==^!) =#`_# h = O# u~K. P#
q``# Hx_. P< (=` qx, = r=H>x) $+~ K_.
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^=^` Jx WH_ JO~ H=K. ^ P O"HH_ ~Q ^=_ H=K.
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"= hK` i~ * ~. Ò` ^=_ `z#k ` h= =On =Oz
=. P#H |O~Qq+ `, O q+ `. (6,7)
"= (h x) èH K _xH hH ~ HQ* < =. H#H
h= `^~ [#Hi J` ([H) `^~ K L~_.
(^=xH)
_ _ ^x Hi_ . ÔQ _# "_ (^xH) q=Y_
O" # Jy _ `_. JH_ J`# K=_, |`H_ .1 (8-13)
q`rq`~ J=~a~z, `# = <=O i O#K_
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Z~` +" # k. Dq+ ~ Q`~ J=ì~z# k=Q~^ H_ L~k.
W~, =, (=H) J=ì~z# Q~^ L~k. (14-19)
88. =~KH# =C (Q+ )

J=Ò} : =H
H: 26
D J^x ''Q+ (=~KH# =C) J~>O. Wk H_

#|g H~ O~ H~< J=ì~z~k. W~^ #O`# k<#
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HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

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1. K=|`H =^ #ey` `" # #OHt H J#q ~K D ÔQ _
^= ^~ x xOHiOz Kx^H Jq uqO~< _= ~_ ` uOi =`"
J=`_. J` =#O `x q~z#>H =O}~ K =OH Hx
HOHiH `èH~Q H~`H~ @ #OH~ " _~ [OQ`~k.
=~ Q~^~ x XH n HO~, `_# P q #OH~ `èH
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O # P"k_ . P `~` (#OH~ ) He# J`x =~ O~ x >
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h zeH~K~_ J~>O. =~ g^ h zeH~KQ<, P h> =~` < #~_
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(89. *)
677
(POA) =iH~î =M HH
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) O L~>. Z`~ # P<O\~.
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Q k~_ iL~>. @ u"p Oz
L~>. (8-16)
gO X~> Z $l~K|_ Q=x~K^ ? PH~ Z H` | _
L#^ iH~K^ ? O ` (|OQ) Z `|_ L< ije~K
^? q Z q~Q OK
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=H! h= `^ K < L~_. h x `^ K _" . J~`Qx,
"ix |=~`~Q îH `K ^ ` hg^ ^ . J` `xH q=Y_
^x xOHi~K"_H ^=_ O tH qk_ . z=iH "~ =^Qi H O=
L~k. "ix qKi~z H fH< x = Ku< L~k. (21-26)
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H: 30
D J^x ''* JO\~. Wk #|gH~ O~H~ q

Jq "k~ ZH=# OA J=ì~z~k. W~^ O~
`xH q=Y# *` Q^ q "ix Ki~K_~ [iy~k.
~zH ""~ =$u, ` O H_ L<.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

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Ou H! |k, *#~ H"iH D H K"?1 (1-5)
Z`
# ~ O2 # ''P^ WO *u [ @ h = Z
==i~K_ hH è^? J~> (H =O Q) *u ~K
^ Wk=OH Z#_ L^q ~K^ . H~_# `z# =^
*u[ @ (h= Z =i~K_ è^)? "H_# (s
<Q) O < @ (P# Z ==i~K_ è^)? ( 6-10)
gO~` P ^ = QO `~ (^=x g^) uOQ| _O .
JO`HO_ JH_ Ô}"# Ô~` H_ KO. z=iH h =
1. ^= =H (~ )
~, #s=~, HO qKO}H ~|~k~z# Jf~k
q+ # q# C_ |^ O^H uO i~ _O. ^ >x Qi~z
>~ KH<O H^. H#H ^=_ Wq O= `x K _xH `H~, Ô `,
~ Y, Q_z
`# O` g^ =}~ K # @ WH_ Jx~k.
2. Z`
# ~ O~>, ~ K~ Wk=OH# _ #~`> Z`
# ~
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K_~_.)
678
(89. *)
Y~P< "=$Ò
"i HO_ Oo~z Hi# OQ tH~ K_. (WO\ ÔO

K= }K
_xH) h = =@" L~>_. (11-14)
=#=_ J`x = sH~ K xq`~ QO=~, WÒ Q k~
z#C_ J`# (~y) ''< = ## QO=h_Q K_
J~>_. (=O q^" # ) sH xq`~ qH QiK# C_ J`# (xO`
H~y) ''< = ## J==#~ _ J~>_. (15,16)
(=#=_ QO= u+H i~^ H=#~ J#H~@<_).
Z~`=`~ H^. gO J<^# Pî~KO ^"_H >_#~ >
q+~ XHOHO `~KHO. (|~^= |#`# POQ
KHx, "iH ^H=#) "O` P#~`>h H*<O. gO
^# ""~ Ta iQ HOHO. (17-20)
(Wx J<, JH=H _` H_ ^=xH
_H ~_
O
H~, fOk#~ Un ^x "k< O gO.) U=`~ H^. =`
q ^~z, ~_~ _ K |_#C_ h = ~H
fi# ^= ^``
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^=_ ay~z H>
(Q>Q ) =O=O ay~z H@
O . (21-26)
(WH `x q~z ^KO ~#_# =x+x L^t ~z) ''`$
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h @ # _ _. (WH) < }^ Ki < O~ "t ~K
Jx K _~ [OQ`~k. (27-30)
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Jk `# ikx ^>=_xH iiq^ u~ k. Z=O< <O~ #_
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x*xH J~Ò~ Q~ J^ k~K_~ Q ( #) HO". J~Ò~ Q~ J^ k~K
x_ =#~ Ô}~Q K
z`_ H K~K =_x J~>=. =x+ =O#
s` k=YOP< D J~Ò~ Qx =_ q^Q ql ~z~k.
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=K
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(89. *)
679
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#~_ |>H Q`~k. qq^ = He~z Ô TaH <>" ~ k.
OHO H K, z=iH =x+x #>@
=~K`~k. # J=O (^+
=#) Qi~z YOP< XHK@ W L~k:
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a ` (^+) =# ZC _ K_ " H iQ` L~@~k. x~^ ~Q
< = Q H= je, Jq` ^ =_. (12:53)
O~_= OHO J~Ò~Qx ''#= J~>O. Wk K xx |> nx
''J~Ò` Jx O#=K. ''J~Ò` ^~ J< =@ J~îH iz`" .
K_#H _#C_ J~Ò` =#e x~k~k, PH~k, J~Ò~
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a#~Q =x+ # = (J~Ò`) Ô qx `^# Q}~Q #_K H#@`
H } J`_ =_= OH~ J~Ò~ Q=# ''# =`# (~`$ $^ ~)H
^QO = `_.
D H= KOk# J~Ò~Q~ Qi~K DH (89:27-30) qOK|_~k.
M` M# ` YOP< J#^ Q~^= ~# 'O |< M#
HO # =`# (~`$ $^ ~) Qi~z q=i ''# =`# J~>
Z~> K_ q+ x i^" # , J`#` Q} ~u` _# *uO
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q+ ~ H~`=OH x[" Hx, W^ Jx>H ==~`~ =@H H*^. H
q^ Q Q` ``Q`# ` ^ Z~Ô [ =#~u a~KH

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a ~ k. ^= ~^~ Hi~z ^KO ~## O x[~Q Z~` J^$+= ~`.
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H~) Z~` +" # u
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(~ ) XH n Dq^~ Q Ja=i~KO:
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90. @}~ (|^)
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k O =~z
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O=O~ h>< `yO . ^~` i PHe^C , P~^#h Ô==`. J`
P# O^# =i# =~ D QxH <KHO . J~> =~
h>H~ P O=O~ ^QiH =z#C_ ^=^` ix JH_~z Q~>"O.
JC_ ^= =H (~ ) ''gO < J#KO (Z~^H Q~> "O ?) J~>O. ^xH
O ''gO ~ K~ g_# Ò ` gO Uq KO gH è^ J~>O.
D O=O~ B#`~ Qi~z n Z< q+ L<. nx => H i
H< Z~` # Hey L~@~k. W~^x hO H< `Q , `< H~> uQ
L~@~k. W~^ H~HOH |^ =[ "_ O L~>.
700
(110. #, 111.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
^xH ^==H (~) Uq> q+~? Jx J_QO. ''XH ~=Ò~

gO = ^=` `, L*# POk~K~_. =OH ~=Ò~ "= g
^=_ POk~ J<O. Y~+. ^==H (~) D=@ qx ''O,
H~K~ PQ~_ < = ^QO~_ U~ PÔ =~^ J<O. JC_ D
J^~ J=ì~z~k. WO^ ^= =H () `# U Q}Q}, H}

Q ^ x POk < x <# POk~K#.
<# POk# ^"x gO POk~KO. gO POk# ">x <#
POk~K =x+x H#. <# POk~K ^x gO POk~K OH~ H^.
(H#H) g Ô ~ gH, < Ô ~ <H. (1-6)
J=Ò}
: =n<
110. ~ (#)
H
: 3
D J^x ''# J~>O. Wk rHO 10= @ g_ *

`)H O~ J=ì~z L~_=Kx `~k. Wk i J^~Q
XHi J=ì~z# z=i J^~. WO^ ^==H () OH #~
Ò O~~ H`#^x OHK# L~^x H~î Ja~.
HO }_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

(=H!) ^=x ~ =z, q[~ a~z# `~ "` [ `~_
`~_Q ^=Ô~ KO` L~_>~ h= Q=x< L<=. H#H h
= B#`~ u , P# q``# ~ L~_. ^~`@
P# xk hO@H H= }HOH. P# QH= je. (1-3)
J=Ò}
: =H
111. Jy* ()
H
: 5
D J^x '' (Jy *) JO\~. Wk #|g H~ 10 H

11= O=`~O J=ì~z LO_=Kx `~k. W~^ O= HO@H_#
J|x, J`x J_Q*_ #_ ^==H (~)# OHOHQ
"k~z# J`x O L"[gx ~K_~ [iy~k. J| ^==H
()H # ^<# J=`_. J`x JO J|L
*. J` J`x
=Y~ ZO, ` He# O~Q` Jy* H=~`~Q L#~^#
J`xH J| (*=Y_) Jx Oz~k.
D H J=ì~z# Ò` L"[g H^H` Ty`
Ku F ^ O fHx H "o~k. H XH =# ^==H
Y~P< "=$Ò
(112. WM)
701
()` @ HO# [` J||HO (Ol) H~QO_ ` ''^= =H! L"

[g =~k P" gH^< H_ `_~^"#x <H ~Q L~k
J<O. ^xH ^==H (O) ''H~QO_H. P" ## K_^ J<O.
L"[gH ^= =H () x[~Q< Hx~K^ . JC_" J||HO (~l)x
L^t~z ''g =x+ <H =uOH~Q U HOH` H_x q<#,
x["<? J#_yOk. ^xH P# ''^, P# hH =uOH~Q ZO\
=@ J#^! J<O. D=@ qx P" JH_~z "o~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

J| K` qiy= QH! J`_ O <#=~ =QH! J`x
~`#~, i~^
g J`xH U=`~ xHOH~_ `. J`# `
H~_ Q Q = ~_ (#OH)Jy qi " |_`_. (J`x` @) `Q=
> `= K J`x O H_ (#OH H~ _ `~k. =O}#~`
O~) P" "_ Qx# Q> `_H> (H~O ~Q) L~@~k. (1-5)
J=Ò}
: =H
112. UHO`~ (WM)
H: 4
D J^x ''WM (UH O` ~ H K` ) J~>O. Wk #|gH~

O~H ~ J=ì~z L~_=K. ^=_ Z L~>_, P# Q}Q}
q> Jx J_Q "iH ^= =H () ^=x P[` D J^x qx~K"O.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

"iH KC : P# J , UHH ^=_. P ^=_ Z=i J=O= x
xOHO _. P#H Z~> ~`#~ ^ . P# Z=iH ~`#~Q
_ . P#H =#"# "~=O O . P# >x =">.1 (1-4)
1. ^^ Jx =Ò ^=_ XH_#x J~wHiO. Hx K=~k
PKO}
P UH O_ POk~KH `<O. ^xHO}~ P UH O_ H}
, Q}
Q}# xOz~K O# PÔQ ` ^~ Qi~z J<+~KH =_ . Q` =H
Ô =z# =`Q~^ J<H =OH, QiH=_~ =H _ O UH O_, P#

J H}
# Qi~KH `<O. J` P Q~^ Zx H H, xH H
#< W>H JH_H _ Hx ` H ^ . LÔ}H K_~_:
UH O`x Qi~z "^ ''UH | kf< (^=_ XH_, WÔ O .)
Jx +~ Q K |_~k.
`Òx+`
x D H~k H Q=<O=#q:
''#` HO~ HO}
- # `` =k H ^$`
(P O OxH sO= Qx, KH On~k=Qx =. P#` =#_
Qx, JkH _Qx Z=_ H#|__ .)
702
J=Ò}
: =n<
(113. M)
Y~P< "=$Ò
113.JO}^ ~ ( M)
H: 5
D J^x ''
M Jx, P `~` J^x ''< Jx J~>O.
Wq O~_ rHO 7= @ XHi J=ì~z L~_=Kx Òk.
J~^= D O~_ J^ OO# Qi~z `H~^~.
^= =H (~ )# KO_xH ^ x# @ P#H K`| _
K~z WO# ^| f#k H_ L~k. ^xH~ "O c^ ax F YOO QK~ L~K_. ^x fHo XH
q h> J_Q# Ou H~^ >_.
D K`|_ =~ ^==H (~) _>xH ~=ÒxH Q
>~k. P ="< K `H=. "^> PO Ò` P#H `#
POQ~ U^ H~K~ =O =z#@ Jx~z~k. z=i < D =O
H=~Q f== #@ Jx~z~k. ^x =~ = P# #
H ~yQO . z=i =_ <Q OA@ J#K O * H ~
K=OH K# xx K^x q~z =m K =_~, Kx x
K#x q~K_~ [iQk.
''# HO}~ HO}
kk - # K Ht[x` #Kk
(J`_ O HO} `_. J`_ W~kk# ^=`H, Ok ^=`H
=. J`xH [#H_Qx, J`xH~> JkH _Qx =O=_ _ .)
''Z=_ ## @H xxQ#, J<kOxQ#, = H=H x=H
xQ# èH#K<_ J`_ =#+ J*#= x_ H
= #~_
Q q_=|_K<_. (w` 10:3)
''<O`"#>, O`="#>, H$uH O" q#> <
O= èx Jq"H J=H O_#Q ## ~K uH ^ = ~k#
xxQ `~KK<O. (w` 7:24)
YOP<x WÒ J^ O# D H
H_ K_~_:
''xH ^=_ XH_. P#H H=O_<_x J#_~ `Q^. J~>
|#`H P# Jf`_, Z~` i^_ . =H L# =~ P#^.
Jx>H P< [=x. (4:171
''^=_ Z=s ~`#~Q K H^ . P#`@ =O ^=_ _ . W`~
^= _ L#@~` u ^=_ `# $+x fHx "~~ `_. (23:91)
''P# =` =H# $+~ z# J^` H ~ #_. P#H

O #C_ H_H Z HQÒ? (6:101)
Y~P< "=$Ò
(113. M)
703
Ô}~Q W~> =u=O K=~k =H L~_@~ =#~

K< L<~. J~`=`# "i ^#~k# HOHH Z~> ~Q~
O^. WH ^==H (~) q+xH =, P# ^=^` HOH
D K`|_ U=`~ =~ KH ~k. J~`H^, ^==H (~)
K`|_ =~ _#@, J#H}~ Px J~>@Hx L~_ t+
`~ Q~KHO.
z=iH FOA P# K`|_ Qi~z ^=_ i J^ u x^
O. H WÔ ^=^` nx Qi~K =>_H~@ L~_Q
KO. ^x HO~ P# =O<_ L^~ H~Ô J#KOe "~@
@Hx Pq ^QOH "O. J~^x hO~` `_~z ^x J_Q# Ou
H~^ L# YOO QK~ |>H f~KO. J~^ ^"#, "~_H`
@ ^H~_ =_ "|_# XH #O~, H=` K|_# ^
QK|_# XH k+= H_ L<.
JC_ ^= ~^~ `K lc ^` (J ) =z D O~_ J^
i~ K=x KO. ^x HO~ ^= =H (~ ) XHH H i XHH
=_ qC`, =H Qz# XHH kx f" O. W
=_h q, ^h f"O. ^~` P# K`|_ =~ #~_
|@_O. P Ò` P# =~uH_ c^x e~z xnO.
J`# K# `C XCH<_. J` ^==H (~) J`x Z~> KO
fHH~_ Hq~z =ê>O.
K`|_ J<k =#H =~. Wk sOx H_ q`~ K~k.
J` ^" [ x^ K`| _ H_ =O K^ . D ~ @# Ô ^=_
=#=H O~_ q+ k~K^z#@ `~k. XH>, ^==H
H_ =#=_ J#k. P#H_ W`~H =kiQ< "^ =.
K`|_ K P# H_ ^x =~ _=K. J~^= ^==H#
^==HQ< q~KeQx, Px H fO"xQ, "OH~z =O
WK"xQ `z ^=x H KOH_^.
O~_, ^==H (~) WÒ =#=~> Ô} =#=_ H^.
P# ^=~^~ J=ì~k. ^=^` lc (J) P# ^Q~
=O\O. H#H ^=x qO L#"O =h ==^ (~)x
J~u= ^==HQ q~z, P# ^# >~K= L~@~k.
P# Ô< ~=OH =#"oH OA=O~ ==` L~@~k.
n Q~^x Hx LY
< HO~ ^= =H (~ ) uOE Ou
_H =~^, `H~Q "kQ u YOP<x 112, 113, 114
J^ (O) =_ O i~z K` Tk, P K`` `
#~_ H=OH J~k# =@H "`~ sOx $t~K"Ox `~k.
704
(114. <)
Y~P< "=$Ò
O~~ ^==H (~) ^x O}H =~u~z T^_xH

J#=u~K "OH^. Ò` |Ô^< =# (+O) H~_ J
O`, H YOP< H` =~u~K=Kx J<O. J` =x+ ^=_
=`" #=Hx, `=~`@ `= ` KHOx =~` g^
PÔ_ H_^x KO.
P# W =z~KO: ''< L=` (J#KO =[~) (He#)
"` zH` K~KHH~_, =~`~ "~KHH~_, *`H~ K~K
HH~_, `= =# =`" #=Hx P# g^ PÔ_ " O O
H
qKO}# ZÔ ~_< <OQ O~ "tO. (=~)
^==H () WJ<O: ''"`zH` K~KH#"iH, =~`~
"~KH#"iH ^=x g^ O =~K q+~` ~|~^~ H~_
#>. (J~> J`xH ^=x g^ #=H~ `~^#=@.) (uil)
`H@, =H@, k+, K`|_, =~^H ~Qx ^ =~^
a~Kx "^ =~> ^ x"O} H~ YOP< H` =~u~z
T^_x J#=u~z#@ n PÔ<. J` ^ #~_
q=H H~ ^=_ "_ HH~_ ~MO" # K#` H_# ``

H>~ KHx "_ " H=Kx, ">x |`HÒ = H~ "_H=Kx =H
=K< =#H ZH_ PÔ Hx~K=. UP^ =z<, U^ Hey<
O, q ^=_ #=Hx, P# OH} g^ PÔ _x W~
k~k. J~`HH~_, =$^xH ` u "kH =~^#^x, ^x
Ly~KHx ^=x g^ O L~Kx H_ W~ K|`~k.
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

KC: ''<# JO}^xH =# ^=x O}QO`<#.
P# $+~z# u^x H_#~_, =OHK ~upH> H_#~_,
(=~`) =_ Tî H_#~_, J_`# JO_
H_ #~_ <# P# O}
QO`<#. (1-5)
J=Ò}
: =n<
114. =#o (<)
H: 6
HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

KC : ''=>=>H =z = Hey~z H` O"_ H_ #~_
<# =#= =, KH=i, PO^^=~ (J# ^=x) O} QO
`<#. [ $^ = Hey~z H` O"_ =#=#
L~_=K l# ( `)# L~_=K. (1-6)
(^#Q~ = =~)
Y~P< "=$Ò
705
706
Y~P< "=$Ò
q~=z (~=*)
H$`[`~[e
JO H$j_, J}=}= JkHO~H J =`" H
q^ ~ H JO_. H+ M, # , r=#O} Jh P#
Ku< L<. P# P[ x^ K@ #~_ PH< O^. P#
Jkf_# PO^ _, JÔ} H ~ #_.
^! h q` Q~^~ J#=k~K =Q~ k~z#~^H <#
O^ hH H$À_. h HO}#Q =< <h =HOx <H
K`# #~` =OH iK #.
! <h xH Q_ HH< =[~ <Hx=# i
`, <H h= k~z# iq` *#~, < =k OQ `# `#
~> ^ `=~ #h xH O~ K.
! D x ~Ô ~ Q < = Z< `C [iy L~>. <
=< Ô~, < ^+= # <K` W~H< x `C K~K <H
è^. ! < `C h ^ ` Hq ~K, ## HxHi~K.
^"! `Q [ + J#=k~K|_# D k="}x K i~K,
h ^H KO" x H_ h ^ ^H}
< PÔ_ L~k. <
H "OH H$+ K_" < ^`. P ^x ii h W
ik L~k.
! h =<c+~ ikx q+# <# Ji~K#. h
HO} H>H< <# Ji~KQ
#. < J H ~ h # ` =
Q~, O
H
=`" . g>H ^# ~Q =O`~^# P`<
<h q` HO~ xOOK#.
! < J H ~ H~ h= <K` U x K~z< Jk <H
tOÔ". = u `H h" JO_=.
J| W~<
(Y~P< J#"^ _)
Y~P< K^ =`#_ ~ # =O iO*

_xH Hx q~=
z L<~. P z WH_ ~#|_`<~:
D zO L# K@ q+ O =y =O _ ~= Òk Q#H,
WH_ PQe.
D zO L# K@ ` xiQ PQe. PQ O_ Kkq` J~O =i
=K . XHi ` _ J~ O _ =K = ^ O LOk.
L^~}: ''K~~, =^ " ''K~, ~=^ ". D
~ O_ "H H= =~ = J~ _ a#OQ L<~.
D zO L# K@ XH =@ ~~ #\H K =# q+ O
WOH LOk Q#H WH_ HOKO PQe.
D zO L# K@ HOKO Py` =Ozk. PQH ~< ~" ^ ,
J~O =~^ .
D zO L# K@ PQ O_ Kkq` =Ozk.
D zO L# K@ PQ O_ He Kkq` =Ozk. XH" ~ _
J~ HOKO Py< ` ^ .
D zO L# K@ PQ=K, PQH=K. Hx PQO_ He
Kkq` =Ozk.
D zO L# K@ PQ O_ Kkq` =Ozk.
D zO L# K@ _ PQ O_ K^" e.
D zO L# K@ XHi PQ=K, PQH =K. J~` HOKO
Py` =Ozk.
D zO L# K@ HOKO PQe. J~`Ti =^_^ .
zO L# K@ HO> WH_ HOKO Z= PQe. J~`
WH_ _ Ti =^_^ .
D zO Hx K@ H z=~ < # LO@Ok. Hx K@ H
=^ LO@Ok. H =^ LO> U=Ò _ PQ _^ . H
z=~ < # LO> HO^~ ^~ "`
PQ _^ JO\~. =i
HO^~ ^~"` PQ=K JO\~. J~` Py<, PQH~<
=O =@ ZO\ O ~^.
=O^# H z=~, H "HO z=~ U zO LO> WH_ J^
zO LO^x qOKe.
Y~P< "=$Ò
707
1. ~H =KO~ ("^> Q~)

1. YOP< J=Ò}
O~" # `k..... H.. 12-2-610, O=*<<
HO~.
2. ^= =H J~#C_ ==^ =hx (O ) =......
KO^=#O H~O 40 O=`~ 6 < 15 ~A. ~=#O
H~O 39 O=`~ 3 < 15 ~A.
..... 22 ~=Ò, 5 <, 14
3. YOP< "`~ J=ì~z# H~.....
OA.
..... 114.
4. YOP<x "`~ J^ (O).....
..... 6,236.
5. YOP<x "`~ H
(P`).....
..... 86,430.
6. YOP<x "`~ ^.....
..... 3,23,760.
7. YOP<x "`~ JHO .....
8. Y~P< "Ò ~# *..... 14.
9. ^= =H (O ) k"q+$u (=)x Z\H C _ " ^~ z
#
J#K~ ( c) OY..... 40.
...
10. "@"
^> kq+$u (=)x H
...
...JM (Q_H># OH~)
J^~ (O)x "^> J^ H
.......95:1-5.
..... XH LY
11. z@z=i kq+$u (=)x J^~, H
.....
#O
H~O 2= JÔ Q= (|Y~)x 281 = H. =~H LY
#O
H~O 5= JÔ (=~^)x 3 = H.
12. "@"
^@ UHHO J=ìOz# i JÔ.... 1. u
(~OO ).
13. z@z=~ UHHO J=ìOz# i JÔ.... 110. # ( O).
14. ^= =H (O ) =H Q_ # < O_#~ UO_ HO J=ìOz#
"Ò J^ (~).... 90 (i=}O s` Wq "Ò
Y~P< 2/3 QO).
15. ^= =H (O ) =n< Q_ # ^ HO J=ìOz# "Ò
J^ (~)..... 24 (i=}O s` Wq "Ò Y~P<
1/3 QO).
16. Y~P< i~H}
QiOz ^=_ Wz# g L# JÔ, H. ...
15= JÔ (~) 9 = H.
17. ^= =H ()H YOP< ~^~ J~^* # ^= ^`... lc (J )
708
OH =K~O1
Y~P< "=$Ò
18. q=[ ~<n x (^=x) H= Q ^, J~`

...
Hey=# =Y_ =H
H ~Ô KO ^= ^` lc (J) .
19. "`~ YOP<x "^> iQ ` O} XHK@ gHi~z#O...
"^> Yb [` J||HO (Ol).
20. YO+ ` Q LKO}` YOP<x ` OK, ^x #H # Wg
O[~x =Y@}
H ~#O..... Yb [` L< (Ol).
20. =_= Yb H~<> "`` W>H OH` ~ Q L# O~_
..... XH>, `+~> (q> O) O~_, W~|
`.....
(@s) L#q.
21. YOP< O# ~ O~a~K =~^ +`< i #~_ ^=_ O}

"_= x L# H.....
..... 16:98.
..... 2,697.
22. ''J J< O YOP< "`~ Wx O =z~k.....
23. ==H (~ ) O
''==^ J< O YOP< Wx O
..... 4 O (3:144, 33:40, 47:2, 48:29).
=z~k.....
24. ==H (O ) O
''J^J< O YOP< 1 i=`
=z~k. (61:6).
25. ==H ==^ (~ )x YOP< ''qHO}=i (J~>
=` ~ K"e@ ^= HO}~) Jx =i~z# H...
... (21:107)
26. ==H (~ ) Z^~Q OK
~ ^_ `$> O~_ Y~_Q
pe_x
è# H.....
. .... (54:1).
27. =H QQ# O @# ("O*) =# =# J^........(17:1, 53:13,14).
28. ==H ==^ () J#KO ( c) Q}Q}# Qi~z
..... Ò`, Wh (48:29).
q~z# Q` ^=Q~^.....
..... *^ a< i(Ol)--(33:37).
29. YOP< Ou q~K|_# c.....
30. ==^ =H (~ )# =uOH~ z# Jq XH`x O
..... J| (111:1-3).
q~z# J^~ (O).....
31. YOP< q~K|_# ^= =H
O "`~ ..... 26.
..... (#32. =H
O` J=ì~z# "`~ J^ (O).....
10, ^- 11, - 12, W~-14, ==^-47, #-71).
..... Ò` (= =H) , [|O (^=^
33. YOP< Q` ^= Q~^.....
=H) , Wh (D =H) .
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O1
709
34. =H, =^h O~>....

....=H
.... O~> [` OO J=ìOz#
~x, =^h ~O> [` Ò` J=ì~z# Ox JO~ .
35. YOP< O# ^= =H
J`kH =# =z# ^= =H O.....
= =H (J ).
36. =`k` _ ([#<) J~>.....
..... # =H (J )- 21:87,88).
.... 950 UO_ (29:14).
37. #=H (J) ^= ~^~ KO~ K# H~....
..... [` W~
38. XH ^= =H `~_ `x xOHi~K_, J`#.....
(J ) `~_ P[O (6:74).
..... [` #
39. XH ^= =H H=O_ `x xOHi~K_, J`#.....
(J ) H=O_ (11:42,43).
..... D=H (J ) =`$=i [`
40. `x q~z# }
.....
=O~ (J) O < KH=i O [` P (J ) - (66:11,12).
..... `=H (J ) O,
41. `x xOHi~z Jq Ki#
.....
#=H (J ) O - (66:10).
42. ==H (J ) *uH K~k# ^# =^~^ _... MO< (28:76-81).
43. h@ =xy Kx# XH Jq x ^=_ [ Q}O~
.....
H~ <>H î K_, Jk.....
.....O < =~ Dl O= =~k
(10:90-92).
44. Q` *` D*u [~Ô `x q~KO..... #
=H (J) *u (10:98).
..... 30.
45. YOP< c*HO =z# "`~ O (J^).....
..... 1. =^ O~ (=H), 2.
46. YOP< q~K|_# =^ .....
=^ JM (*O ~ ), 3. =^ lOO (=n<), 4. =^
Y(=n<), 5. =^ #|q (=n<).
47. =~ è PO^< H~^~ (d)..... =^ JM (u =d
- *O ~ ).
..... 2= J^~, |YO.
48. ^" [ ZH=Q =# J^~ (O).....
49. YOP< O~_ O ''a O xO ~ =# =z#
J^~ (O) ...27= J^~ #= (p=).
..... 700.
50. YOP< #=* =# Wx O =z~k.....
..... 150
51. YOP< ^#Ô =# Wx O =z~k.....
710
OH =K~O1
Y~P< "=$Ò
..... 36-<.
YOP<H Q~_H =~>^x K |_# (O).....
YOP<, Ò`H =OO..... O< (25:1, 21:48).
..... 15:91, 13:31.
Q` Q~^# YOP< O` q~z# (O).....
[ H ^r=Q q~K > YOP< D }# LÔ}
..... ^= (2:26), p= (27:18), DQ (22:73), HH
Q O#k.....
(7:176), `<>
Q (16:68), b_ (29:41).
56. = H~x k= =$HO [~ O..... ^` =# (53:14).
57. #OH~ ` u< O= J HO # <Q* _~> K@
O..... [H (37:62-66, 44:43-44, 56:51-53).
58. =#= sH H~ =#= O H ^q^ (K`| _) <O _xH
..... O`, =O` (2: 102)
~|_# ^= ^`.....
59. ''Ô HO~ Z~> |Ò~^ J< H D J^~
..... |YO (Q= - 2:256).
L~k.....
60. ÔO (#OH) `# #~_ H_Qe Q O q^#~ D J^~
..... (xH ~H - 61: 10,11)
L~k.....
61. ''U =`
< ^=_, J~u=k<x q~z, Ò K K
..... (|Y~ 2:62, =^- 5:69).
J< H D J^ L~k.....
62. H " Q_^` |_#_..... ^ [ è H_ >x
PKi~Kx ^ (62:5).
63. ^" [# =ê =< ~K
H x#_ HH` |_#
..... PO (tYO- 7:176).
q+ ~ D J^~ L~k.....
64. ex K i J_q Q_^
~>O. ` q=Y (74:49-51).
.....
65. K_ #, JjK+
*eH H~_ =x+x xOk~K Ò~.....
#=* (29:45).
66. YOP< HO~ t= =`$QO ~ Ok^H x [x~K_xH >
..... 6 < (46:15, 31:14).
Hh HO.....
67. =#= WH~H OH=~^ i P` K` D q+ ~ Qi~z
.... ''J =`" =#= =, +H _,
=}~ K~K|_~k....
q (7:172).
68. #=H (J ) F_ ky# O `~ O..... En O `~ (11:44).
.... (27:82).
69.
K# XH\, =>_ [~`= |_`~k....
52.
53.
54.
55.
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O1
711
70. U q+ ~<< ^=_ xOt ~z# K> HO~ xO

~ fHxix
........... uOO (HO), ÔO
YOP< W Ja~ ~z~k...........
(*e), Ô# (M) -- (5:44,45,47).
71. =#= rqÒ = O~ Uq> XH XH H~ è# H.....
..... (51:56).
72. H~@O, W~@O> "^# ZHxH iHO Jiz` ` O
i #~_ =KOx H_H=_xH ''=O L~>. JQ
W~ H_ XH =O L~k. ^xO..... ~ (4:86).
73. J^~ (O) HH~_ WÒ J^ =H
..... (6:84, 40:34).
(J ) O D H
=z~k.....
74. =#=$+ O~~ #~_ W> =OH q ~z# "`~ ^= =H

.......... 1,24,000 =Ok.
75. |^" ~^ P~kOK ^" # ^+OK=^x L# ^" [ ...(6:108)
76. ''P Ò ` J#O, JQ "iH "O . "O
#=*x =k =<~K
H x O. Ò< O `=
=O + ` xH `y#tH J#q O J< H ZH_ LOk?...... (19:59)
77. ''^=x ^ *# =`" (DH$ u Ô Q=x~z) ^=xH
_` O J< H L# ~.... (35:28)
712
OH =K~O1
Y~P< "=$Ò
"^ _` =yOK^H =ê@x ^~"H #=
=
Ou
==^()P^~ rqÒ
~K#: J| W~<, (. 504, ": ~. 150/)
H_ U_Ok! H@H` ZQ|_Ok!!

=~O K e?
WO "Q D = i~O H"O>......
''=O
=
Kkq f~eO^. D H O K, q"O, Ô` rqÒ, J`H_

Q_=, ~^, q_, = ~H}K@O, PiH, O`#tH},
=O ~#, PO`~OyH q+ =Q~ Z< jiH L<~.
~K#: `~ `h~, (r: 240, ": ~. 90/)
P` K= LO^ ^?
J^" Qx P` =# ^ O g_Q< J<H =lb ^@O@ `# `
x"xH K~O@O^x =Ò Y~P< ^~ Òk. WO` D =lb
Uq\, ^x `x"O ZH_Ok? WO\ =^#"....
HO_"iQ Y~P<
''~H #O
^~ "`
~# O HO "Ò Y~P<x i=}O s` 30
HO_ (~)Q K~. nx H~O 286
` _# 2= JÔ
(~) J~# ''|Y~ Jx\HO > ^k . Wk ^^ ~ O_#~ HO_
qi Oz LOk. Jx\HO > z#k 108= JÔ (~) J~# ''H~.
WO^ =_ =`" L<~. P `~"` 112= JÔ
(~) J~# ''WM =O k. WO^ <Q
L<~.
(1) "^\ J~^ HO_ 4:147 =~ L<~. (2) k HO_
8:40 =~ L<~. (3) k# HO_ 18:82 =~ L<~. (4) W~"
HO_ 29:44 =~ L<~. (5) W~" J~^ HO_ 45:37 (~
=yO) =~ L<~.
Y~P<x "Ò 114 J^ (~) QO (JO> 57 J^
27 HO_ qi Oz L<~. qQ` QO ~ 3 HO_
=`" L<~.
P`#, ^x `x"O QiOz q=~OQ `H=_xH K^"e#

HO Wk. ~K#: J| W~<, (r: 224, ": ~. 75/)
_|O> Z=iH KÔ_?

Hx ^~ ^~ qKH}
O_ ^< ~< ^ OQ @Hx J_^ ~ QO_
<Q K` OkOK"iH =~}#O`~O D ^#
" ~= K^ Q =~
Òk. Uq\, gHOH #=HO ^~^? J~` K^=O_......
''^#
qHOnH~}

D HO ^#""O, @|_^s+e[O ==, Q|*+<,
PiH <O, =_, ^s ==, "~O, H=~\, WqH =~\,
[H`, PO}, g<=, =Q~ Z< jiH L<~.
~K#: J| W~<, (. 224, ": ~. 75/)
WqH iO ~@O, K` |*O, Ô^ -2

< <~. + 9104055710795, + 919441515414
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
715
#"O (`= YOP< O~_=Q~ #~_ HO})

8. P` : - Wk 'P`H |=K#~. YOP<x u J^~
(O) =~_ H
# P` J~>O. YOP< H
Q H q==
,
H$u, $+ zu ^=x J`x, P# UH`x, H =O#
=#~Q K>K J<H K#, ==, xÔ<# H_ P`
J~>O. YOP< Hx K@ P` J< ^x H. ^==K< J<
=~ y~K|_` =iHx K@ K#, ==, xÔ<
J< J~ y~K|_~k. W~H HxK@ D O~_ JO i~K
D^~ y~K|_~k. ~Ô#O~ nx JO~ KH= =~@~k.
9. n (J):- H~Ô Ô"` Ja~ HO~ D# #
=H (J)H O~ q~z# ^==H Jx `~k. a `
x|~^#~, PkH~_~ 21-24 H '<H O` q~K|_# =H
Wn =H#x =~ ~_` Ja~. ''<H =_=~^ ~_
^=x` #_K#x....Ò` ^=_`xx fHx # Q#H J`_ H
#x a K|`~k
^ =`Q~^~ ''`^ <H [H Ô~Q xQi+_
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J<H K@ gHi~z ^^ K_x, [ P#H q^ Ox
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=~`~Q # K_x, P# # ^=_ Ô} `# HO}#
Q Hi~K_x H_ `^ q=i~z~k. J` P# z=iH f=
"# F _Qe Ô JyO^" H, QO` PH~H JkO~K_x
F H@H^ H_ KO~ L~k.
10. Wh :- Wk D=H (J) J=ì~z# ^=Q~^~. D Q~^~
O~_" ~=Ò H`~ P<_ < [ =>_H< 'iH
+ J=ì~z =~_=Kx `~k. |+ ^xH O~_ =_
=~^ ~_H O" J~ì~z~k. D<> a D (J),
P# J#KO x+=} Ò ` H.. 80-120 =^ H~ |_~k.
JC_ D=H ^## Hi~K_xH "o# H= ~_`, >x
iH + =>_ H= [ <@ qx wH+ H<O.
J` P<_ wH+ |_# a J u H_ D<_
H~_ ~k. ^x J#^, P J#^ J#^ =`"
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. Q ` a D (J) x+=} Ò` [iy#
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716
OH =K~O2
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H<. Wh J#^~ `~ W~`Q =OH, KOH QiH=_~

=< ^=_ `# }x uiy YOP< O~ J=ì~*_. WH W^
~ =OH =` =#=H <O~ KQeQ UHH ^=Q~^~.
11. W~ ~ù:- ^, H=, =~H =O+_
W~ =H (J). a HO~ P#H 86 ~=Ò =
O~_=O lO (Ol) Ô W =H (J), 100 ~=Ò
= "^>O O (Ol) Ô WM =H (J) >O.
W =H (J) ~ù #~_ JO| `Q PqOq~K. D
`Q[ J~u= ^==H ==^ (~) H~ W~ Hi~z
== O.
O~_= H=O_ [` WM ~ù #~_ ^, H=
[x~KO. WM (J) ~ù Y (J), (J),
= (J), ^=^ (J), =< (J), (J), D
(J) =QO J<H=~k =H L^q~KO. W~ =H(J),
P# ~ùH K~k# WÒ =H~Ô W~ Ô~ Qi~K [H
k~KO. J` JO |^ O^H `= `` =``
ÔKO#
=ê J~u= ^=Q~^# YOP<x q~z W~ Hi, ^,
H= =`~ `= =H k~z# ^[# Ò=O KHx,
HH xHH QO# Q`Q~^< @H "_`<O.
12. W=<: - D# =, O< =H `~_. D=H è J#
[` =O~ (J) `~_ O H_ W=<. | "^@ q~K
|_# W=< ~ù< D O~_= W=< H_ > =~_=Kx H~Ô
YOP< M#HO Ja_O. YOP< (3:35 H) =O~
(J)H [#xz# x ''W=< Jx O#_~ [iy~k. W=<
J~> W=< O H=K ^ W=< =~ H_ H=K.
13. W: - D# ^H <O~ K_xH q~z# ^==H.
YOP< O~_ K@ (6:85,37:123) =`" D# =# =z~k. Hx
q=O =. Ki`HO i^# HO~ D# H.. 875-850 =^
H~ rq~z L#@ `~k. a D# O Ue Jx =~k.
a H^#~ HO~ =< =H (J) Kx# Ò` P#
H_H O JQ` = ^ =[~ O~_ =H~k.
u =d (*O~)` @ ^H} < Q~ XH O[~Q
UO_`, LÒ < Q~ W O` =O O[~Q UO_~k.
D O~_ O* <uH~Q, îH~Q H"} kQ*i . =Y~Q
WOA |Ô^HO# ^ (|<<)OA H=O# q
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Y~P< "=$Ò
1.
OH =K~O2
713
2. ~H =KO~ (O~_= Q~)

JQKO:- =#=x *<~kH, J`x "*xH i^#H
`~ J~`zHx q+ H_ Hx L<. LÔ}H, D qx

$+~z ^x H=|^~Q #_# ^=_, qxO} H~ P# x
q~z# ^=^`, =O}#~Ò i`, O #OH "^#q. g><
JQKO H Jf~k (Q ) J~>O. $+H O LxHx z~K, P#
UHO`x K>K xÔ< D q~ Z< L<. $^
KH= L#O >x ije~z K P UHOx P`x, P# H
=O# QiO . qye# Jf~k q+ P# xq~z# ^=
=H Ô =`" `.
^==H =#= =^< q` rq`~ Q_#O L~>O. J~u=
^==H ==^ (~) Ki` P# =He# JO [ =~^
Òz# H". P# rq` Ki` =}H =#O Ô ~H#=
D<>H OH`~Q L~k. H#H JQKOH ~|~k~z P =h_
k~z# q+e q~KQ Q}~, ^k =`" H= =~@~k.
J~> Q}=~`, $^H =`" <O~ ==`~^x,
J~>O "H~ ~^QOx ^=_ `# J~u=Q~^~ YOP< O~~
< +~Q è*_. (2:1-5)
2. Jr* q :- J`#`" # ^, JkHO~ He# =Hx Jr* J~>O.
Jr* q J~> Dl O[~ =~u^ ^ =O^< Q ^ Q
=H Jx JO~. <~_= J^~ Jr* J< ^~ O~_K@ =z~k. XH>,
^==H (J) JkHO~H OH=# OA ^QO Q ^,
J~` Hey# =H H~ Ly~K|_~k. W`x J Oq>
YOP< q~K^. a W`x O fO Jx L~k. O~_,
(J) JkHO~H =z# Ò` ~Q P# H~ H_
D ^~ y~K|_~k. (12:51,78)
3. JQ_ k` :- =`Ô~HO# OA WÒ =` ÔO
~H~_ [i k=~kx K~_~ Qi~z Ki` J<H ~@#
[iQ. "> =Y"# =_ ~@## YOP< 85= J^~
(PH|OA)H O# ^KH O#|_ K_~_.
4. J^$ Q_K O:- e H =Hx `Q` `## Z=O
K_@~^x J#H~@~^@. e ~Q`~^H? =#+ =`~ `H=
u<O? <O =$u QO =# Z~`~k O? `=# @HO. Hx J^$ Q_
KOQ OH b J#H}~ =#=e #~> L~@, O K
714
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
u xh, eH uH# Z>HC_ iHO K<Ox W~ K|

`~k. i< YOP< ''HO=< Huc< Jx O#k. (82:10-12 H.)
5. J<O (#O):- J~> 'H Jx aH=~. D =H
(J) `# J#KO# L^t~z '=< J<s W (^==O~ <H
_ O g Z=O< =<O?) Jx J_y#C_ '## J<O
("= ^=x =O~ gH H~) Jx s =^#qKO
(3:52, 5:14). D (J) ~ J# '<O J< ^~ #~_ >~^x
<> H= J~>O. YOP< nx Y~_~k. D=H (J) H_ Q`
=H k~z# W~ Ô< k~KO. P# `# J#KOH =
< O >O. =, D, #h =QO O# ^ P `~u
H~ P =`=O~ ix J~ K_xH y~KO. z=iH J^
iH ` O. J^q^~Q H= J< ^~ H_ H #~_
f @H<O.
6. ^~ (J ):- "@ ^> =#=_. D# ~ù #~_ =#o
~K=~`> qi~z~k. =#=_ J<HOHQ i}=~ K~^`
#O ~ù #~_ ` O~ ~ì~KH<_# _i< r=i}=
^~`~ YOP<H qO^#k. (K_~_- 2:30-39). ^=_ [` P^~
(J)x $+~z# Ò` P#H `_Q [` (J)x H_
$+~K_. giî #~_ =#=~ù L^q~z~k. [` P^~ (J)
"@"^> ^==H H_.
7. P^ *u:- Wk JOaH K~k# Ju O`# *u. # =H
(J ), P# J#KO ~`` #~_ PqOq ~z~k. H O~ 18002000 =^ H~ D *u ==~Q =#Q_ y~z#@ `~k.
^=_ D *u[H Jxq^ QQ k~K_. J` gO
# (J) ^## qi~z H=~Q qQO^#H #O. J~^
= ^=_ i =OÔ#~ H~ ^ =H (J)# q~*_. Hx
Ox uOi~z <#=O. H~Ô =` q~KO. ^H}
JOax =<, == =^ =# 'JM ~`~ gi [#
~.
H..1837 *. PO. "@_ J< P~Q <HkHiH '< QO^
H#= F O`# t#~ îH~k. Wk H..1800 <>^x `~k.
O=G x} D t#~x `H D q^~Q JO~ KO:
''"g H@ F nO H~ Z~> û, W|~^ H~_ Z~`
Y~Q rq~K=. = H ZC _ #n [` x~_ =~_q......=
H Z~> K_ `~H `qK O H^. K_, H @
Hi#~Q ==i~KO. O ==e ^=H `z# ÔG~ HO~
ÔH~Q ie~_O. =~z fO XH H~ #"^ J=
`~_q. "= ^=x ==#, =O}#~Ò~ uiy |uH~K|_ q+ x
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
717
~k. [ ' qQx POk~K_~, ^x O` [~`|

W=_~ O~a~KO.
P H~< [` W (J) ^==HQ q~z qQO^#H,
WÒ K_H =uOH~Q KO~ O~a~KO. W OA# f=~Q
Ki ''h =~Q WC_ W ^~ =O~ HO=^.
Hh~ =~K H_ HO=^ Jx ~KO P#. D ~ e`~Q
=_#O ~=Ò ^H =O~ HO=^. JC_ W OA ky=z
D û #~_ H_=x W =H (J)# ^__.
J` [` W (J) ^=`, q=#
Z=O x[ ^=_ xO~K_xH |O~Q [#=x UO@ K~KO.
D Ô # 850 =~k ^=` *O <O. ^=` O`
^x *O, q = O` W =H (J ) [~`|e Wx,
D O~_ | PH~ #~_ ^y =z Z=i |e^<x @~
K Hi~^ O Qez#@x xO=~k.
z=iH D > *O F_O. PH~ #~_ =z# ^ y
[` W (J) =i~z# |e=< He"~k. D q^~Q
q=# x[^=_x, PO^h_x W [
~î =~^ OA=~k. xs` +O` F_# ix `=Ox
H_ L~k. ^x HO~ ^= ` *O~^s `=O_~ [iy~k. P
Ò ` [` W (J) =O~ H~ ^ x i~KO. ^~` W
O[=~`> qO~Q =O~ Hi~k.
Hx W~`> Q =`~ K#>H WOA |Ô^H
O# `#O = #~_ |@_H _. Q J`x O D
== K# Ò` W (J)H |^`= ~k.
*O Z K~|_O Wx H_ J K~_~ [OQ`~^x P"
=}~ K =s H>~z~k. ^~` W (J) WH W O[~
L~_@~= [#~ ^x q~z, JH_~z "O K>H ÒeO.
P H~< ^=[~ OA W OA H=O# q
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J~^= [` W (J) JH_ H_ ÔKO~ K [#
UHO# " =Oe~K_xH H$+ KO. P# ^ OAH_
`^~ KO. Hx ^ OAH =H `= KqHH ^. z=iH
[` W (J) J`_ f=~Q ~KO. D ~ e`~Q "^@
Ô[~ `< ^_ K O<#~ K. O`x Oe
H_ |~k~z fHO. P Ò` ÔA ~HO=~# JrO
k` Kx`_.
718
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
D ~@# [iy# H< `~` [` W (J) =m W

O*xH "o ÔKO~ KO. P Ò` =z# W OAH_
`^~ KO. Hx P O[=~~ OH# K_ U=`~
`y^ . ^~` P =~x H_ ~ K_~ , Jk O <#= =_~
[iQ. P Ò` ^=_ Px `# ^QiH KH<_.
^ [` W (J)x P# rq~z L#C_ Z~`Q
"k~KO, P Ò` Px J~`Q Ja=x~K_~ "^>O. O
W (J)x = (J) H~> Q =HQ q~KO. J~`H^,
^=_ Px F _Qe Ô r=~Q, s O~Q PH~H Z`H <_x,
Ò` P# =m HxH uiy=Ox H_ O #=`<O.
(`= YOP< PÔ~Q. =iHx q=O H~ 37:130 HH O#
^ zH K_~_.)
14. W: - Wk Y =H (J)H ^=_ k~z# aO^.
[` Y (J) WM =H (J) H=O_, W~=H
(J ) =#=_. Y ~ù< |hW (W ~ù) Jx
J~>O. W ~ù [# ^x H_ J~>O.
W J~> J ''J| (^ = ^ _ ) Jx JO ~ . J`
^ `= ~H$` =`qH J#Q}~Q nx x H_
=i"O. ^ =` q~ HO~ i =O+_# [`
Y (J) F OA O`~` ^=x` H_ =^~ KO.
^=_ [` Y` Ò^H `_#>H Px F_~KH
_@! z=iH ^=_''WH ## "ox= Jx J~>, ''h= <H ~
k~K#~` =OH <# x# =ê@# Jx [` Y (J)
J<O. JC_ ^=_ ''h Oq>? Jx J_y`, ''< O Y Jx
P# J<O. ''J` WH=~^ h O Y H^, W
J=`~k. Z~^H~> h= ^=x`, [` `_ q[~ k~K= Jx
^=_ K_@!!
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O J< Q~^~ D q=O K_=K. a H_ D H^ L~k.
^ =`Q~^~ J^zH W J~> ''^=x` `__
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W~> =` q Hey=~_@~ =< ^ `= =<~K
H
=uOH"# ^# `z# ^==He uOi~K_" QH~_ i
H~îx KOO H_ (YOP<-2:87). Q `= K# D xOHx H
KH~_ HO ZQO =s ''"= ^==H, =O~ H=O_# D
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
719
=x `=OO Jx H_ KCH<O =QO~Q (YOP<-4:158).

W~> =~Q *u[ J~u= ^==H ==^ (~)#, Q
`= *u QH~_ `= xOHOHHx `y_ JO| q~z# ^=
=H# Z qO?
15.
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=~ `= =`q~ HO~ =` =` =H#, =` =`
Q~^# qO. ^=_, OHx, P# ^`#, =H#
q~K_~` @ Q` =H#, Q` ^=Q~^# H_ q~z#O
HxH JOx YOP< K|`~k. J` Q` =H J^~, #,
W~, Y, =, D `kÒ H~`=~k ^==H (J)#
=`" YOP< q~z~k. JQ Ò`, [|O, Wh =~> Hx
Q~^ O< O#k.
J~^= P ^==H#, P ^=Q~^# =`" #O `~
^= H Q~^x =~ qO . YOP< q~K|_x ^= =H
,
k=Q~^ q+~ O =#~ >O. J~> O=_, H$+_,
|^_ =~> = O+e w`, "^, [~^q~> =`Q~^#
=~ q~K# O, uOi~K# O#=@.
` Ò`, [|O, Wh Q~^ D<_ Z< HH, xHH
QO > J O #~^# > ^#e =~ ^`^~Q
q~K_xH, PKi~K_xH gH ~_ . Wg Q` ^= Q~^ @
=~ q.
16. D: - Z=O< XH=H `# O` ''<# h` (Z#>H ^ PO_
< ^H) ~y~K# Jx =}~ K_x H xO~KH=_x
+sJ` i+ 'D J~>O. J~> =HH <Q < Q_=
L~@~k. D Q_=Q J`# `# O` uiy ~yH ~|~^~ @
H= L~@~k. nxH =~^ J`# iO~ H_ Ke~K=
L~@~k. iO~Q k=~k ^H J#^#~ Ke ^ |@
W"e ^ =_ OA L~ >~Ke. (5:89)
XH" D Q_= ^>< J`# `# O# HHH` P KO
q_HH îf~k. J~> Wî =^ q|~^~ `y`~k. J`#
`~K~k uiy P"` ~O~ K~> H`Q P"# q
=_= L~@~k. (2:226)
` ~# =keOKH=_xH P<\ J~| ''h= < è =O\
^#= JO\~. nxx ''l~ JO\~. l~ QiOz q=~ HO 58=
JÔ (=*^), 14 , "\ ^zH K_O_.)
720
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
17. D =: - D# W ~ù (^) [ =OÔ#~

H~ q~z# ^==H (J). [` =O~ (J) H=O_.
D# Wh Q~^~ J=ì~z~k.
^ =QO ^==H H~ ZÔK# H~ =H
(J ) i =~^H =KO. JC_ O ''h= = (H ) ? Ue
(W)? H P=H (==^)?Jx J_y'' P =Qi h= Z=O
H#C_ [~ Z~^H K<=? Jx J_QO (a H` x|~^#,
< O / 1:19-26 K_~_). J` `= ZÔK# =Qi
XH O # [` D(= ) O H O H = = K ` ^ = ~ ^ ~
J~^*_xH =, Ox =~uH_x uOi~KO (YOP< 3:4851 H
K_~_). |# =OH K~k# H~Ô ^Ò (H~Ô
~_` Ja~ HO~ - O[H) D =H (J)# q~z
== O. (YOP< / 3:52-53 H K_~_).
^==H qQO^#, |Ô^#H =uOH~Q [e UHO
# " =_" QH~_ i K@KH# <uH, =lH OQ`
# H_ Z~_Q> O. D=H (J) H_ D < KO. <uH,
=lH OQ` H^H HOH# ^ W~> ^##
~KH =_" QH~_ P#H |^ `= O. [` D(J )
^=x =`` JÔ} su [` =O~ (J)H [x~z# "#~
@ ^^ =
~_ =OH ` = @ H_ J#x ^, ^ [`
`^ J=ì~K<O~a~KQ< P#, P# =`$=i Ou
O"# Jx~^ "O. (YOP< / 4:156 H K_~_.)
P Ò` P =h_ K~_xH OHOH H@ <O. P<_
i O[ ik XH Q~Q =~_# < OKH=i #
=~_k. O KH=i, P# *f~` P<_ |Ô^HQ
=~_O. J` ^ ~Q `= *uH K~k# D=H
(J)# `= =O~ #~_ `y~KH=_xH O KH=iH xx
=@ He~z KO. u <#~ #~_ J|^ H e fHz
D ==Ox J`x =~^~KO. }O+_# D (J )H =O}tH
qk~K_~ OKH=iH U=`~ W+~ ^. J~^= J`# "^@ nx
=uOH~K_. Hx #Hl` ^ `= xOx J= [OH`
^~ J~Ò^~ [OQ`~^x î~KO. J~^= O KH=i i
=u_H ~y_.
O"<ku ê ~k ''"= g HiH g^ D (J) H
=O}tH qk<~ Hx, U ~ ZOQx D =#`=_ `^`
= Z~`=`~ ^ Jx J<_. P Ò` J`# x~_ h
`~z K` H_Hx D (J) =^H ~|~k~z# J#=u `~
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
721
^H Wz"_. "~@< ^ H~Ô O xHe ~@@

Hx [` D (J) q_k K# `èH P=~H *O|_O.
J` "O *O|_H =~^ [` D (J) ^=_ i~K
_~, ^=_ Px sO~Q H Z`H=_~ [iy. Ò` P
P=~ *O|_# "i =< J< XH =HH ^=_ D (J ) O~
He~K_. ^, O xH J`< D = J#Hx @Ho
= "O. D q^~ Q P =Hx K~, Q ZQ H ~_ ''"= ^= =H
= W =O~x ~i~K~ Jx KCH<O =QO~Q. (YOP<
4:156 H K_~_.)
D ~@# [iy# J<H ~=ÒH [` D (J)# q~z
H=# O nx Qi~z Z< âH QOO. ^,
O xH H = "# =H = H^x, = O~ =#
"OH =H Jx, = i èq=e#`#~ @ #=` JH_ F K@
x<_x H~Ô Ja_O. = H~K|_#_ =
Hx, P# = g^ =O}~K^x, = #~_ k~z# Ò`
P# |uH =<_x =iH~Ô q~KO. H^ P# =<
Kx_x, P Ò ` P# |uH ^^ k=~k t+e HHx
=>__x W~H~î H^#~. P# Kx# Ò` uiy |uH_x,
JC_ sO~Q H Z`H|__x =iH~î #=H~.
= (J) r=~Q, sO~Q H`H|_O# D #=H" P#H
^=`x Pk~z~k. ^=_ k=~^x =HH KO" ^=^`#
''i^` Jx YOP< q, H= 'Jk ^=x i^` Jx,
P i^` = J~`s#" ~^x q~KO. ^=`~
=#=e ^=x H=OQ eK ~^~ =~k. P ~^xH
q`# H= = (J)x ^=x UHH H=OxQ KO.
D q^~Q O ^=_ XH_#x #=`< =QO ^=# $+~K
H<O. ^= H=OxQ He~K|_# D = =#= H
t`~Q = |Ox, J~^= =#= Z~> Zx
K KO~ K# #`
~> ()H ^H `~k. D ^~`xH O~~ Hx=,
J~Ò ZÔ *u, [<=o, =^~
Jx <<O =<. ÔG i+ L=` J~>, XH ^==H
q~z# `~` P# ^# ~K~ HH, xHH Qi
722
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
HH~_ ^`^~Q L#~`=OH P =H# q~KOx JO~. W XH

^==H #~_ =O ^==H q~K =OH~_ q =^~
L=` J#|_`~k. WC_ J~u= ^==H ==^ (~) H~
#~_ W>=OH Px, J# ^#e q~z#O, WH=~^
~ =OH q~K O~` '==^ L=` ^ =~ L=`
(=~ =^~) J#|_Ò. (10:47)
19. L=` =` (=^ =[~ H =^ =^~):- Ju xH,
Ju^H H~_ =^=Ox J=~a~z <~Q, x+H`~Q,
Ô H~ Q ==i~K =*x L=` =` J~>O. ^=_ YOP<
=~ =^xH D O uk~z ^x HO x è*_. (2:143
H, ^x ^zH K_~_.) =~ =^x ''L=` MO (+
=[~) Jx H_ J~>O. +=[~ Q}Q}# =i =~
=~z# K=x [# P^tO K_# #~_ iO ^=_
Q\Q qOx YOP< K|`~k. (3:110 H, ^x ^zH K_~_.)
20. Lq (xOHO _):- K^= _~, _~ Ox =Hx Lq J~>O.
==^ =H (~)# H_ D JO~< 'Lg J#k YOP<.
^ =` =#= `" +=x KCH=_" QH~_,
`=*uH K~^x WÒ *ìx J*#, J<QiH, xOHOHH
J< JO Lq (Gentiles) J#~>O . J~> Lg*u >
xOHO_# ==^ =H ()# q~z#C_ g ^=HO}~
=i~^x YOP< ^H K|`~k. (7:157 H K_~_).
21. LO: - Wk [` W~ =H (J) > iy# @}~. Wk
P<> #=^ OA e~z# (` WOM) O*xH O[^xQ L~_k.
O e<O =e O# ''J|~(~_<) J< Q~^~ HO~ D @}~
x F Z`# H~_ #<O J< ^=` qQ~ L~_k. Wk "`~
^~ H ^ ^~. WH_ J<H=~k *O, ^=^ L~_
O. x*xH D ^"O ^=x O`, =`~ O` qKq_Q z
=aKO~ Q`~_k.
22. L J": - <H_, JkHi H P*~K_ Jx JO~.
(q=O H~ 4:59 H, ^x ^zH K_~_.)
23. :- YOP< Hx K@ qx T` _~ [iy~k.
(43:10 H, ^x ^zH K_~_.)
24. TO H ^ : - Wk P^~$+ q+ " PH~ [iy# ^= ^`
="~. J~^ l< (`~) *uH K~k# Wc (+`<) H_ L<_.
=#=$+ [iy# Ò` =#=xH `=~K=x ^=_ P^t~z#C_
J~Ô `=~KÒ. Hx Wc uO i_ . (38:69-85 H
K_~_).
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
723
25. Z* (L*O) :- ^ Dx `= =`x ~i~z# Q
~OQ KCH~>O. [` L*O (J) H~ ^^ H.. 450 Jx
i^H xOi~KO. ^ =` LY< HO~ =< =H
(J) Kx# Ò` ^ ` ^_` HHqH O.
Ò` Q~^~ ~K~ #~_ H#=OQ ~k. z=iH i =`$+
| H_ iH Jiz`" ~k. J~> Q_H~ [` L*O
(J) Ò` ^## Ui Hi, i Ôx ~i~KO. D
HO}~Q ^ Px Jq`~Q QOqO. J` H~`HxH D
QO=` ^ gi ^ XH =O~ Px ^=x H=O_
Jx eH =OH ~k. (9:30 H K_~_.)
26. Z_= H~ :- Z_=H~ H =H~ #Q< Ô}~Q
=#H H=x+ QOHO. Hx YOP< ^$+ Z_=H~ ~>
^ = _ , P # = H # uO i~z#O x JO ~ . O H fO k<#
q H_H~ Q, Jq Z_=H~ Q iQ}~K
|_Ò. (q=O H~ 56:41-56 H K_~_.)
27. ZuH :- O=*< < z=i ^H~ O~|= =^< =~_
`H x+` Q__x ZuH J~>O. (2:187 H K_~_.)
28. #Q:- ^=x P[` `HO x XH U#Q ^= `= i#~_
H Q$x H_@~ =Y ` =~z~k. q=O H~ 105= O
()H O# L^`~ K_~_.
29. H [:- SH J<k +S =H (J )*u x=~z# ~`~.
Wk =n<#~_ i î L~k. n< ==^ =H (~)
H~ `|H J<O. SHO H_ =He uOi~z <#=O.
(15:78, 50:12 H)
30. SH=`~: - =~ =< H` W~ Ô~ O~Q
L#C_ i SH=`~ L~@~^x YOP< J^ #~ Ô `~k.
(q=O H~ 3:103, 8:46 H, > ^zH K_~_.)
31. ~^~:- ==^ =H (O ) H~ =~ H, =H |
Ô^H =^ XH xO^ X_~|_H [iy~k. D X~^ |Ô^
H ># +O` J<~Q, L<x q~z =O P~^#
K~Ô. J` DX~^~ x*xH +"# q[~ J~@ ^=_ '`
(q[~) J^~ è* =O# ~ìK_. (q=OH P
J^x ^x L^`~` @ K^=~_.)
32. X : - Z@ K< ^ ^ WHu<` Hx~K Z_i ~`
# JH_H_ Hx [, > K@ K@ K= Hx.
g>< X J~>O. Z~_== H_ WQ Hx. `
724
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
uOOH =$`=Y~H "t~z#C_ ^=~, Ô~ J<q QO

=. Hx X~> P `x Hi~K` iH JH_ Hx~Kk
Z~_==. (24:39 H K_~_.) H#H =$`= î~KH= ~^ "x
OA=O~ J=~a~K_~ |k=~` H}~. |k=~è Qi~z
YOP< J<H K@ =# L~k.
33. _:- `#, L# =z#C_ =x+x F_ H_ H_
^. J `#, L# Ug OH< O F_ J^ ` U
O `xH _ H~> H_ =x+H =C ` ^x, W>= H~ =^~
=xy# ''>>xH F_ xO~z~k.
J` Z=i<< ^=_ H_ ^KH~> L# =z< H_`_.
K~^KH~> F_ |@ H~_H HO< O J`xH K= `^.
#=H (J) ^[` #_K F_ HOx, =^ HO>` H
_`# H_Hx , F_H =K |! Jx Z~` |u=e<
~ H~k. Q ùOi J# P ^+`_ =i~` h`
'<h H~_H H_H~> #~@ "o_. J~` F ^ HO@~ =z
J`_ =~z "~k. (q=OH 11:42-43, 17:66-69 H K_~_.)
34. Fiq:- YOP< '' J< ^xH #~,
O~, O ` ~ J<
JO =<. Ô}~Q =#=_ u ==O~# #<
sA "H~@ =~>_. ~ KHO <^< Hx K J@"
O Q` ` _. #+~ > K# =~> ^x #~_ i`_. J`x ^$+
~zH e` ^> XH J_Q H_ =~^H ^. Hx OH~
^$ =#=~` O~Q #+Òx k=YOP< K|`~k. P #+~
#~_ |@_~^H <Q +O` qk~z~k. XH > , ^=x g^,
P# =H (~) g^ ^$_"# q~. O ~ _ , Ò. =_ ,
`Ô KO~. <Q , <^~. q=OH 103= J^~ (J
~), ^x ^zH K_~_.
35. Ô~:- ^=_ Z~` LÔ =_. P# `# H # H_
LÔ |k` ==i~Kx L^t<_.
36. B+^~ :- ukH =~^ (B+^~ ) L~^<O ==H ==^
(~). OQQH [#~ KHO =_ zH`^è Qi~z =O
n (|Ms) L~k. XH>, GzH` Ô K_ OH~ `y~K_~ . O~_,
`<# q~K_~. =_, ` @_~. J` ` H J~> `#H
W+~ ^<O P#.
`< zH` Qi~z YOP< H_ O K, z~K iH W~^
Q K# L~^x K|`~k. W~> `< He Qi~z =ix q=O
`H ^KH~> 16= J^~ (`<>Q) x 68,69 H K^=~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
725
37. H @
q:- H@q u Q~, u =`~, u
~ ~, u~
# L<O. ix XH n ^= =H () è#@
D H~k <Q H}# |> Qi~K=K:
XH>, ÔK=x (H ^` =~K=x) == (H x) Jy
O #=H ^xH _Ò. O~_, <O q` J|^" HÒ.
=_, Q#~ K ^x ~QOO. <Q, Z=i`<< [Q_~ @
H~> Ô+H kQÒ. (WÒ q=O H~ 63= J^~ ^x L^
`~` @ K_~_).
38. O-H:- H #~_ HO J< ^~ L^q~z~k. H J~>
^K_~, HK_~, H@_~ Jx JO~. W~^ #~K uOO =~
>~k. +sJ` i+ H J~> `x HK_~ Jx JO~. W
"=O è H_ `x HK_ 'HO J~>O. HO J~>
` uOi, Jq Jx JO~ . J~> J`# XH q+ ~ ` =x Q ~z
#>H ^x q~KH~_ xOHi_. =O=@ K~> J`# `#
J~Ò` ^## <H __#=@. (J~Ò` ^# Qi~z 89=
J^~ (`H~) 27= HH O# ^zH K_~_.)
H @_~ J<JO~ O` # H_ HO J~>O. O` q`< e q
H__. J~K` J`_ HO J~>O. ^x |=K#~ HO. (57:20
H` @, 2:161 HH ~# ^zH _ K_O_.)
39. H`H:- D` Ox_ HH`H > Q^=i Dk` Jk J`_
X_H KO`~^ ^Qx, P `HH `_H> iK_xH Z~` u~
z< Jk =m =~HOQ< J`~k. JOc ~^~ HO~
YOP< HH`HH |^ HH<H =# =z~k. HH# H><
H@H< Jk `# <H * =~K`~k. Jk ^x <[~. D <[~
H~Ô =#+ H_ =~@~k. ~zH "~ _ =<~K
H x#_ ^=^# qx J~^x qH`# Q~z H_ `#
#H <*x =OH_. (7:175-176 H K_.)
40. b:- Yb J~> ^=x uxk. rq`~x u O~Q~#
^=x P^#O~ #_KH<_x JO~. (2:30, 6:165 H, >
^zH K_.)
41. O<:- '^#=q^~ [Q` J#H<_ MO< J< _H_
==H (J) H~. J~^H J`# =~z-K_, Ô~-JÔ~,
H=~-JH=~ J< qKH} Z~`=`~ KH~_ ^ `# ~_|~QO, =[-"_O, WÒ J<H q# ==e QK "k
W# > ^z, WH ~K~ O<OA Ò` `# H~> Q_
_x g~ "_. | J`# <> H H~h Jku aQ>
726
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
H~> H_ ^ ^xH_ =~_=K. J`# i~^ ^z# >,

cO O|OkOz ` K= Z< L<@! P `K= QK#
"_xH =O k <~_ =~k =#+ H= =~_^@!!
Hx J~`> ^#~ H_ D ÔQ_ H_H ~k. J`# F OA
O`Q `# P
, i~^
` <H `~Q kQ|_ _.
(28:76-82 H K_~_). J` D<_ H~Ô D Ki`H ~@#
#~_ Q}O~ <OH=_xH |^, O= i^# O` q
`Q kQ|_# P ^#Oe "eH f_xH u<O@!
42. [O (J):- XH =H Z=i#< `K H~ P `
<Ox P =x+ "`~k. J^ U^< OQ~ =z Kx` Z=i g^
x~^ O^. Hx r=#O}, H+M, # Jh ^=x Ku<
L<. P# P[ x^ K@ #~_ PH< O^. JQ P =H Kx
=_~ = q+` =*xH U^< [#~ KHO=K W~H
|uH=~> #+~ HQ=K. D = ~ ^=xH =`" `. [ [iy#
~@#Ô L`#= e`# Qi~z `C_ J~K< "O.
JQ ^_^ O< ` `èH [< ~k# O H_ q +`#
Qi~z |~QO H H~>O.
| D Ô~ è * _xH ^=_ ==H (J ) H~
d[O (J)x O~Q~H k~K_. P# = (J) =H~ XH
_=H O~^~ " #+~ Hey~K_~ `=H Pu^q=_xH xOHi~z#
T _# Q_# iO K_~ U OQx XH _ KO_~
[iQ. Hx = (J)H W=h JO~QH us J<x "e|K
Ò. z=iH W=h `# ^[`< K#x d[O (J) K|Ò. nx|>
d[O (J) =#==`_ H^x, =#=O~ =z# ^=^` L~>
Ox H~Ô Ô"` Ja_O. P# =$`~`~ q=O~Q 18=
J^~ 60-82 H =~k, K_~_.
43. d : - d J~> PO^< H~^~. ==H ==^ (~),
P# J#KO "^> ^^ 17< ^H u =d =^<
dQ K Hx #=A KO. P `~` ^ [` HQ$x dQ K Hx
#=A K_O O~a~KO. (2:142-150, 2:177 H K_~_.)
44. OP<:- YOP< J~> O#Q~^~, OQ~^~, O}Q~^~
Jx JO~. D JO~ ^$ qÔ `= OH~ Kk" nx x`~
iL~_e. D =~< ^=_ YOP< F K@ Q` ^=Q~ê H_
YOP< Jx q~K_. J~> P H Jq O Q~^# =@. <>
H~ ~ =OH YOP< =`" x`~ i PKi~K=# UHH
^=Q~^~. (15:91 H K_~_.)
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
727
45. YOh (`Q~): -YOh J#Q< |H^ ~_Q<_ =x l|

K `= u#_~, WOQOQH ~K_" H^ J#H~>O K=~k
=~ . Hx nx "#H F Ki`H Q^ L~k. W~ =H (J ) H
Q~z# K## PKO} >~^H `#H J`~` =`_# UHH
H=O_ l| K_xH ^==Ò JC_ ^=_ nx@ #_
P# `x #~ F =x ~ l| KH=x K|`_. D
`QxH ~H`~ Q =`Q
=~ ~` u_ YOh(|e) W< O.
D |e^#~ Ô `= ^=#` H~ J=O"` Z~> `QxH<
^_`=x O u[ K<O. `Q=O x |e x~~HO. (37:99110, 22:36-37 H K_~_)
46. Q# O@# ("O*):- ==H ==^ (~) ^=x
==` Hx H}< H O>~z, H~Ô ^==H# H,
O#OH K, $+HO` `H ~+} [i uiQKO. n< "O*
J~>O. (17:1 H, ^x ^zH K_~_.)
47.
:- H.. 249-251 =^ H~ OKH=i [O
_ `= sH (|Ô^<) =`x q_<_ x[Ô~ (WO)
J=~a~z# D=H (J) J#KOe "k~KQ_. JC_ H~Ô
=H `= J=~a~z# x[Ô x H_H=_xH i Ô
~`~x F H~_Q ^H~>O. H = ~_` _ * O l, =Y
Ki`HO_ y|< K# i^# HO~ OH _ ^^ 196 ~=Ò
x^= Q_O. Ò` P =H H.. 445-446 =^ H~
"<O. J>H P<> O" H_# [O k_, J`x [
H=Q =i=<O. D qz` ~@# K [ Z~` q`
O. P =H uiy QH "t~K_~, i P` J#~`
= H=_~ [iy~k. (18:9-26 H, > ^zH.)
48. [~ : - Dl, < |Ô^H l~K qa#
qQ P=, Z^ qQ H_ L~_q. g> xH ^ H_
QOO. =Y~Q QH i $^ Q u+ H~k.
^ Dl ==H (J) Ô Z< ^===e HO
KO. ^=x ==`< =^~ pe î UO_, P î Q~_
`= H= ~Q fOxH KOH=_~, `= H=~^ =^~ uiy H
J~^ O<OA, J`x xH =xy <# =_~ H_ O
KO. J#>H iH Hx~Kx ^=x g^ iQ #=H~ HÔ^.
J~^H ^ =^~ ^># Ò` < ~`~ }~
K#C_ XH T |Ô^H l# qQ# K `=H
H_ J~> XH ^=`# ` OK~z W==x = (J) x J_QO.
(7:138-140 H K_~_.)
728
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
P Ò` =iH<H < nH~ x=#C_ O

=Oi qQO^#H _O. = =H (J) ^[ HO~ Ò
H~_H "o#C_ qi J<_ ^ ^QO# |~QO #Q#
HOQ_ J~^ #~z XH P=^_ qQ~ Ò K_. Q P
qQ~ #~z ^_JO ~> ^x qx~KK ''W^ gPO^^=~,
= PO^^=~ H_ W^ nx P# =Oz_ J<_. J`x
==@ qx J<H=~k P qQx l~K_~ "^>O. O<
=H (J) Z~` #K*< q#^. Q = uiQK^H `= n<
l=~>=x KO. ==H (J) uiQz ^ xOH~ @
f=PQ~ e|KO. qsx ''h= J~@Ox _=`=x ~KO. P
`~` qQx He =K OO. (20:85-97, 7:148 H K_~_.)
==H (J) =~ê~, `^ Ò` ^ `=
xOH~@ `~ K~Ô (7:149). J` D xH x+$uQ
Q[H _#ix Q[ *eH xO =k~Kx = (J)
P^t~KO (2:54). ^x HO~ QH~^s =k~K_~ [iy~k. W
_"=~k Q `=#@ `~k.
(W HO, ` YnO).
|^ O^H #~_ ^H ~Hq~z# D QH *_ ~ F >#
ix =^^. i $^ W~H u+" =~k. J~^= ^=_ i
K``< Q=x =k~*x q~K_ H, P ~Ô~ =z~k.
^ Ox XH ^xH_ L~__. J`x Ôx H=O_
J`x ^<x H* L^~` F OAOu J`_ K~, x WÒ W~>
=~^ _"_. J~^= ^ ~`H_ Z=O xOi~KHH
O O~ PO} K HQO. z=iH D ==O~ = (J ) ^$+H
=z~k. P#, 'XH P=x K~ ^x =~ =H<H ^x` `x
^g^ Ki J`# |uH `## `K# "~=_ K|`_x J<O.
^ J KQ< `_ |uHz `## K~# _=_ K uiy
Kx_ (` YnO)...Q= Z~H, ^x =^ Qi~z# q=O H~
2:67-73 H K_~_.
49. Q~^ [:- Q~^ [~> J~u= ^==H ==^ (~)H
O~ q ~z# ^= =H
J#KO x JO~ . YOP< i+ ê,
H=e Q~^ [ (JH`) J~>O.
50. @#:- [iy# q+ x =`" @# J~>~ =#~. Hx
YOP< ^=_ ~ W~H ~q~KH < ~q~z#@ ^x
[~Q ~@#Q O<_. ~@# J#Q< Jk FÔ~, =~
J< =# =# "^`. D =~< ^=_ [OQ
x ~ @# Jx J<_. J~> Jk ` H~_ ~q ~z fO`~^x,
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
729
J~^ U=`~ ~^~^x JO~. (56:1-6, 69:1-5 K_O_)

51.
O~:- =^~ ZH_ q~z< O" . Hx =^ q
Jk J~`H< O"# ~ J=`~k. JQ =aKO~ Z=i` K<
<O". Hx ~` î`, H# Hì` =aKi Jk J~`H~> O"#
<O==`~k. J^q^~Q ~ _# ÒH` H< K O
"# Ôx YOP< K|`~k. (2:217 H K_~_.)
52. ~^Y~_# :- ^==H (~) H~ ~ Ju Ò
~q~ ^#_xH K#Q F Oq<_ K~^_ O~_ Y~_Q
pe uiy "~@< H_. (q=OH 54:1 H, ^x ^zH.)
53. K^ =: - ''=#=_ $+~z# h = O` K^=....J`xH H~
Ô *#~ <i# HOx O` K^= Jx è kq+$u
~Ô~Q ^=^` lc (J) ==^ =hx (~) =~^
`H" J~>O. Hx `#H K^= O^~>O P#. ^=}x D =x+
`# Hq` >= ` ~Q He~z K|`<_x ` uOO POOK
=^~ L~_@~` ^=_ `=~`_, x*fO_# ==^ ()
=~> xOHO_ =HQ xq_. (96:1-5 H, > L^`~.)
J` P Ò` ^==H () K^=H Z~` =Yq ''=~
J# u O+_ qkQ K^= <OHe Jx `# J#KOH
k~KO. |^ ^~ @|_# Mn# #+iO~Q ^#~ Hi~z
q_^ K#C_, P# K^= =z# ^ Mn K^=Ox `#
J#KOH K^= <O# +O` "ix q_z>O. =`qx
^$_Ò~ K ^#~ K^"". K^=H#O ^=xH ZH=Q _Òx
YOP< (35:28) H_ K|`~k. Hx ^xH H YO > K^=
'H~@# D OA ^" K^= 'H#H `<O. =Y~Q "iH
K^= QQ# H= .
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O~_H` K#x, `Q ''< HOK#x ^ < KOKH=`
gH~K#x J~>O. J` H~Ô O~_ H H^, Ô HH QKi~K^x , "O H # Q_ ,
K=# Kq>x YOP< ^# ``<. (47:23-24, 22:4546 H, 7:179 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
55. `k# tH:- JH*u [ `= =H +S (J )# uO
i~K_~` ^=_ ix Q_QPHO~ "~ ~ tH~K_. (26:189 H,
^x ^zH K_O_)
56. Ò~:- `~ +~Q =~^H =z#>H ^x uOi~z
730
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
Jq#ix ^=_, P#^`, =H ~KO. =Y~Q

^ ^=x pÒ~ _~k. (3:87-89, 5:60,78,79 H K_~_.)
57. Hi (J ):- D# D, =H H O~ =~_#
^==H. O< =H (J) ~ùH K~k# WO=~ <Q H@~
'u=dH =~ìQ = KO. P H@~ J H@~
xH <H_~# [Hi `# =~` =z#C_ D = x=Q
O. D=H (J) =`$=i [` =O~ (J) D# ~OH}
< W=|_O. (3:37-41, 19:2-9 H K_~_.)
J` <uH, =lH ~O} H~ [` [Hi (J) K#
`^ e ^ ~KH Px J<~Q K~" O. ~Q
^ =`QOÔ `^ HO~ |M #O J< OA u =d
(*O~) q[~ k~z# Ò` ^ PO^<~ (JM)
"t~z ije~> =^t g~ XHK@ Q_ g^ J`xH }~
`ye# QO Hx~z~k. W^q@x J_y` ''WH_ "= [Hi =H#
~i~K=. P# = =# K_Qe K ==e q=i
=~_O. z=iH = D q=Oe, x~ê ~KH Px K~"~
Jx J<O ^.
58. [H`: - Wk ^xH #~_ = K ^H W=|_ PiH H.
W~ #=A Ò` nxH J`kH ^#~ L~k. xs` ~^ Hey#
u =~ `# ~^ #~z ~=ÒxH XHi O~_#O `~ KC#
^#~ f xO^, Ô~< H~H H~ qkQ qxy~Ke.
(2:43 H, ^x ^zH K_~_.)
59. [Y": - Wk #OHxH # H a~K Pu^ ~. Jq` "_Q ,
_Q, =QOQ, O=K^Q, Ô~^+~Q, OH ` =ki O
H~OQ =~_ D =$H# #OH P=O=O=~@ ux =
`#H QO=Ò. (56:56, 44:43-46, 37:64-66 H K_~_.)
60. ^ (O@~):- l^ J#Q< Y_" , `H fHx O}O~Q~
^H_" J#H~>O K=~k. Wk U=`~ O# Ja~ H^.
l^ J~> ''P ^# H~ H=~K# H~_ xiO=~Q H$+K
_O, O_@~ Jx JO~. nx H~`=OH struggle J< W~w+ ^~`
=K. l^ W~`H~> H_ q$` =~` H_# =@. xO~Ò~
P< ^$+ @Hx ^x H~ ^H O~k~K_~, ", `
Ô KO~ K_~, J~^@ =~_ X#Ox>x qxy~K
H=_~, JxO"` P^~ K|> O_@~, J=O=` P =O~
} `~ Ô_~- W=h l^ H~kH =. ^=#` ~^
` ~H~` Ô iOH}
H~, ~Ô< # JiH>~ ^H K W~>
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
731
O>x 'l^ ce (^= =O~ O@~) J~>O. (2:218, 4:95

H, > ^zH K_~_.)
61. O<<:- D# ^==H H^ YOP<, n Z~>
PÔ= . J` D# =Y=H, QOA J=~>_x K =K.
(18:83-98 H)
62.
n O `~:- Wk #`# =z#C_ #=H (J ) F_
xez# O`~ O. (11:44 H, ^x ^ zH K_~_.)
63.
O:- J~> #^ H O. O~ J~^"#
"_, PHO =^ K> O =~>x YOP<
K|`~k. Wq =~zh> O. W"QH~_ #^, =^~
UO, `< OO H_ O~ x`~ =~>x `~k.
(47:15 H K_~_.)
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):- =~ u Ò= ^= # ` H"
Ke. =x+ H"C H~ Ô< |k` K ÒH }~
^HHQ ~ =@H J`x M` `H~_ _`~k. WH Kx
## Qi~z KCH=_~, J~> _~ H@H=_~, Q H_~
=i~` ==`~k. (61:2-3, 3:188, 4:60 H, > ^ zH.)
65. ():- `@ HH _ UO_# #nfO~ W
H@H~> Jk Z~` H~ x=^. HO Q>Q H< Qe
gz#C_ O^ K `= LxHx K@H=_xH << `~> _`.
Ug =_~ Kx qi ZyOyi _ `~k. H@
q u H_ JK~ WQ
=~@~^x YOP< J~>~k. (9:109, 63:4 H, > ^zH.)
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OH H<. ^ H ^= H è^~_^.
Ô^# Ò` è^~_ =H Y~P< Z~` =Y~ W~k.
^x `_ ^=_ Z#\H HxHiOK_.(17:23-24, 31:1415 H.)
67. Q`:- `Q` J~> ^ gO_ Jx JO~ . +sJ` i+,
^=x ^_Q L~_=#_ ^ gi ~Q ^=_ ^=
^ K` ^~ K~KH<_x =~. (2:256-257, 4:60 H,
> ^zH K_~_.)
68. ``, *` : - =O =_ ~=Ò H`~ ^
O[~ ` ^_ JkH"#C_ >x =O=~`~Q ZÔQ
<Hx J<+} "^~k. P OA = =H (J) iH
<HxQ L~_O. Hx J>H P# Q =$^_ O.
J~^= ^ ^ `=HH OAx xq J`x <H`#
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O
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732
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H~ `` J< F P*#_ <HxQ, <uQ xq~z
~Ò. z=iH ^~ `H~ O[# *`x F ##Q g
#=H_ ~i_. P #==H_ =O=O H^, q ^==H
[` ^=^ (J). (q=OH 2:246-251 H K_~_.)
69. " :- Wk < nH~ ^H} ~`~x XH
O. D < ^=_ ==H (J )` ` HO Q ~+~z Px
`# =HQ xq~K_. (20:9-24, 27:7-12 H K_~_.)
70. O`:- Ò` J~> P[ Jx JO~. nx H= `x|~^#
J~>O. Ò O`~ ==H (J)H ^=_ OuH Wz# k
P[` @, P<> ÔG~` H_# k=Q~^x Ò` J~>O.
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Q ~k. <_ `x|~^# O` a x ^# x>x Ò` ^#
Q iQ}~KO. Wq J<H HH, xHH QO# q+ =`".
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iQ}~K|_`~k. k<# ^=x <#~ =#= HO#
`K_xH H_ ` Ly~K |_`~k. (101:1-11 H, >
^zH K_~_.) `xH Wk =Y ` =~k. (83:4 H,
^x ^zH K_~_.)
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WÒH ^Hx=H~_, `= H@~|~< `~Q L~KH=_xH
~_ H_H# `KHx P P J`x O OO. W~ D @|_
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`_ Z#\H ~`H_H H_x K|`~k. (q=OH 33:4,5,37 H
`@ 24= J^~ L^`~x 5, 6 O H_ K_~_.)

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~_~, $^~ U^< q+~ [x~*_~, O~Q U^< =@
K _~, ~^~ ~_~ J< JO<. ` H~Q ^=_ `# ^` Ô
`# =HH k=~^~ KO '= ûx `Q <xH_ 'kq
+$u Jx J#=k~K#. H~Ô `~Ô#~ Jx J#=k~KO.
k"q+$ux =H
H J~^* ^= ^` O lc (J ). ==H
==^ ()H lc ^` (J) XHi =#=O~, =OHi
`# x[O~ =z kq+$ux J~^* O . J~`H^. kq+$u XH
i HOHOO~Q qx~K Q~@"` =z ^==H () $^~Ò~
"t~k. =OHi Jk J=ì#C_ Z=H HiH Ke =#C_
`
^
Y~P< "=$Ò
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733
H_ ^==H (~) #^> =K=@ H=`.

74. <:- n< J~> rq`q^#~, rq` ~q^#~, r=# == Jx
JO L<. W~ =#oH ^=_ xOt ~z# rq` ~q^#~, ~O
rq` q^#~, =Q r=# ==. nx 'n# Jx H_ J~>O. J~>
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q~z ==~# O~` `= rq`~x =O~Q D r=#
==< J#i~K= L~@~k.
75. +|k:- ^+|k =x+x Ô "H iQ`~k. nx
YOP< + ''# J=OJ~>O. (q=O 89:27 H, ^x
^zH K_~_.)
76. _H:- =#=_ `# #_H H_ #=`, J}H= Kx
K|`~k YOP<. QO` xH`, h` #_K_ ^=_ Z#>H
q~K_. (31:18-19 H K_~_.)
77. #=^ :- W`# W~ =H (J) >iy# (` WOM)
^xH KH=i. J`#, J`x [ qQO^#` @ qq^ =lH,
H =KO. Hx
W~` Q == K H_ P ÔQ_ `x q~K^. (2:258,
21:6870 K_~_.)
78.
O (*u):- ^=_ =` =HH *u ~>_.
P # `#Hi# iH ` # H~u " (J~> O A=O ~ " ) î
K`_. (24:34-35 H K_~_.) OA=O~ K Q~^~ H|>
YOP<x H_ *u` _~ [iy~k. (4:174 H K_~_.) W
^=*u ~k# H =O}#~Ò~ OH~ ^x "Q ~`<
OxH KOH~>O. (66:8 H K_~_.)
79. i^`:- YOP< nx ''O Y^ J~>O. Wk ^=
=HH kq+$ux KO" ^=^` lc (J)H O<=~.
H= `= H~ =QO ^=# KHx, P =Qi i^`#
H_ KOH<O. Wk ^=x q`` Jx, P P` UH J~`s#"
L~^x i #=H~. (q=OH 4:171 H, ^x ^zH K_~_.)
80. sH : - WH~ =#=H XH sH "kH. WH_ rq`~`~
'q~` Ò K D sH H$Ò#O OH~ "H~ ~^
QO. (2:155 H, ^x ^zH K_~_.)
^
#
734
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
81. OQ~^~:- J~> qÔ `= OHx i#@ x`~

i~K=# Q~^~ J# =@. YOP< J~> H_ JO~ W^. YOP<
uOE O}~ K=# O#Q~^~. W^ HeQ =#=H
O}~ K_xH, `^#Q}~Q PKi~K_xH ^=_ xOt~z# O}
"^~, HeQ "^~. (39:41, 14:52 H K_~_.)
82. =:- J~>, WH_ }~ H ~ Jx JO~. W
H~ Z=O U "OH HO PKiO iH OH~ P "OH >
u~ a~k. iH JH_ J}=`~ _ J<~ [OQ^. (99:68 H, > ^zH K_~_)
83. O<:- O Dl KH=Oe O< (O) J~>O.
(q=O H~ 10:92 HH O# ^zH K_~_.)
84. ce:- J~> ^==O~. =O=@ K~> ^=x
#` H~ Ô#u H~ Jx JO~. ''l^ ce J~>
^=#` H~, Ô#u H~ ^==O~ K xO~Ò H$+, O@~
Jx =~. (9:60 H, ^x ^zH K_~_.)
85. O<:- O< J~> ``#, ÔÔ#, =~pK_e
O Kk Jx JO~ . OH O_ Hb| ~QO" , "eq|~QO" `H=_
xH Ly~K w@O =~>k J#=@. Wk ^==HH, WÒ Ò
+H k~K|_# qKH} *#~ H=K H k=Q~^ H_ H=K.
(2:53, 8:29 H K_~_.) YOP<H =OO O< Jx H_ L~k.
(2:185 H K_~_.)
86. Q~:- |Q~ J~> P^ |Q~ H=K xH |Q~ H=K
~`# |Q~ H=K =H |Q~ H=K |~^ q` |Q~ H=K.
"`xH J`kH |Q~, =~n =O~ Q =x+ Ô}~Q XH~`
QO ~ `~y K~ k. J` Jk =ki` =`~ =^~ =~KHz#>.
(18:32-44 H K_~_.)
87. qQ~:- H.. `q^`|~ =^KO [
^=`qQx l L~_O. ' J~> [=x, <H_ Jx
JO~. O JO~ H_ YOP< D ^~ =z~k. (4:127, 11:72 H)
J` P<_ =^KO [ D ^x ^=x H~ "_O.
^=_~> O^=_x H~î Ja~. J~> O OO^# KO#
=@. W =H (J) H~ D qQ O^# OH+H Ki~k. (q=O
H~ 37:123-128 H` @ W^ jiH <~. 12 (W) K_~_).
88. <g< (~*=<):- Wk (*) =H ~` `=_
O Y (*H) =H O~_=O H=O_. W`# >#C_ è
Kx=_~= Y (J) W`_ Z~`=Q KH<O. =u
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
735
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J^~- K_~_)
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^$+ ZH= QO=h_ Jx Y~P< K|`~k. (49:13 H.)
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Hx $+~z ^x K` WÒ =` $+O J^$x, [OQ
q+x>x ~K_x ~_` Ja~. W=h ^=x ^QO F
Q~^
O|_ L<. >H =uOH~ Q D ~ K~ Un ~q ~K^ .
(6:59, 57:22-23, 34:3, 17:13 H K_~_.) nx ''`vO Jx H_
J~>O. W~ Hi~z# =H `vOx H_ q~K= L~@~k.
91. Q=~(+O ):- =#=, [~`=, =$H, z=iH u== ,
J~^x uJ}= XH^x =OH> PÔ_=~_ $+`. D
q~ U XH> WÒ PÔ_ H ~_ =#Q_ y~K^ . XH ^=_
=`" xOÔ_, xOHO _, Z=i J=O= x_. =` $+H
P< [x, H_, +H_, =. P# u h KQ
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K ^KH~> 'J J~> K, Jk `$> [iy LxH H =~ k.
P# ^=`~ =Q"#k, ~O"#k. J~^ Z=O Q=
O. P# =`" PO^h_. J~^= P# `# ^=`~, `#
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` =O #< ^=_ `KH~> Hq_. (4:116 H.)
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(qO~ =`k`_.) D# # =H (J). Dx XH K
q~y P Ò` f fO~ g^ _~k. (21:87-88, 37:139-146 H,
> ^zH K_~_.)
93. =^<*u:- =^< J<k O~ JOa XH ~`~ O. D
~`~ x=~z# *u< =^<*u J~>O. W~ =H (J)H
P# =_=O YÒ Ô ># 'q^<J< H=Ox ~``
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H=~Q |Ô^< *`` q` #~^# i H_ |
736
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OQ` H_ i K@KH<. J~K` ix ~i~K_xH
^=_ '+S (J) # =HQ xq~z ~_. Hx P*u Px uO
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î~K JÔ} q+# =l*` (=`) J~>O. ^==H
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=~< YOP< Q` ^==H J#KOe H_ =~ J< O#k.
(2:132, 28:53 H, > ^zH)
96.
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H^#~ HO~ Y =H (J) H=O_ g ~ùH K~k#O.
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=k, i =Qe ~i~ *<O~a~K_.
J~^= = (J) ># H<H P" è Px F Q~
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=z O O<#=O. i tk, J= uO" =$`
=^~. (15:74 H, ^x ^zH K_~_)
98.
(#):- D# [Hi =H (J) H=O_.
D# H_ ^ H~ ^==HQ xq~K|_O. (J),
D (J) XH H~ q~z# ^==H. ^ Z~` H~
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O uOi~KO. (37:130 H ^zH K_~_.)

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=@ qx H ^_#>H H=O HiH# H^#H_.
"~@< J`# KO #~_ (J) tO# Y~_~z `~K_.
^x F~ > P <@Q`H WK_.
(=` O 14= J^~, H O 3= J^~, =O
O 6= J^~ K_~_.)
99.
E*, =E*:- =^x P@qH *`. H
g~ D *` ^`# q^~~ $+~z, z=iH ^Q~`
OQ _ K. (18:99 H, ^x ^zH K_~_.)
100.
^:- Y =H (J) <= H=O_ ^
~ù< ^ J~>O. YOP< gix Y (J) aO^ W
O` ''W ~ù [O! Jx ~k~z~k. Hx gO ^
~ùH K~k# ~#~^# `=#`= ^ Jx O @H<O.
O~ ^ Q ^=H, [#, =O+ L^q~zO. H..19= `~`~ =H
(J) `# ^qH H=O` Dl ~<x JkO~z# `~"`
738
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
P# < #~_ `# è ^~_, J#^=` "`~ H@~|

e DlH e~KH<O. Dq^~ Q ^ Dl
"t ~KO.
Dlx q^j H=O~ [ H_ ê q^jQ iQ}~K
H~_ ~`+~Q `= HH<O. P `~` J#u H~< ^
`= LxHx >+OKHx H=O~ HO. H =O~` H
^^ <Q=~^ ~=Ò@ O Dl# e~z Z~` Qu
k~KO. (5:20, 2:47)
J` P Ò` Dl F Q *f L^=~ O~=
HOA JkHO Ox _Q>~k. H =OxH K~k# O~_#O H
=~k [# ^~ #~_ "Q@_~ [iy~k. *`~HO~Q Y|`
~ùH K~k# =~~ PkHO~H =z HOA ~$ux, i OH
zx>x O<#~ K~k. `~"` Y|` ~A ~Ô<`
ê H=~Q H@xQ =i i K` ">KHi K~KH=_O
O~a~KO. z=iH = =H (J) ~=_O, ix P ">KHs #~_
q=H He~z <H fH_~ [iQ. (2:49, 7:104-133, 20:77-81)
^=_ W~`Q ~ K< ^ `= JH$` =#H^.
gi JH$`, JH=# Qi~z O~> F ^ Q~^" ` O=`~k.
YOP< JH_H_ g>x Qi~z ~H~Q O#_~ [iy~k. D H~k
H K_~_:
1. =H =~^ J#~, xO# "H=_~...7:128-129
2. ==H (J) =H~< qQO^#H "~O_@~...7:138-140.
3. QH...7:148, 20:86-91, 2:52-54.
4. ^=_ `H~Q K_~^ #==x "~_H_~...2:55, 4:153.
5. Q=^ H~ J#=O"# q=O J_Q_~...2:67-71.
6. `<Ox WÒ gkH <>"_~...2:72-74.
7. =_H~_ a# PO~ @ J~`$...2:61.
8. ^[ ^# Ò=O K _O f_~...2:75, 3:71,78,
9. Ò` P[# >~K_xH xOHi~K_~...2:63-64.
10. xO~ x=x L~~K_~...2:65-66, 16:124, 7:163-166.
11. < q=H H~ ^~K xOHi~z# iH~^...5:20-26.
12. } $^ ...2:74, 22:46.
13. ^= Q~^~ =OH, KO H _@~...2:75, 2:79, 2:174, 5:41.
14. TO"e "Yi...2:76-77, 3:72.
15. P H TOQ J*#...2:78.
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
739
16. T O~ *`~HO...2:80-82, 2:111-112.

17. =}~# (^[ >~)...2:83, 2:93.
18. ^==He uOi~K_~, KO_~...2:87, 2:61, 2:91-92, 3:112, 4:157.
19. [#, j=` Jx~^...4:156.
20. ^=Q~^=x è H_ ^x xOHi~K_~...2:89-90.
21. nO= H~H` K=~> ~...2:94-96.
22. ^=^` @ H_ qO^ ="...2:97-98.
23. ^=Q~^, ^[ >~ @ xOH "Yi...2:100-101.
24. xH=e# ...2:108, 5:101-102.
25. WÒ =` PO^<# <#~K =`<^~...2:114.
26. <i`#~, J, J`~, JH=O# g}...3:75, 4:53,
4:160-161, 5:42, 5:62-63.
27. JH, KH...3:181-182, 5:64, 9:30.
28. `= K_~kQH WÒe H_ K_Q@ EO...4:44, 5:41.
29. ^~Ô ^Q`, <H "eu =>_O...4:46.
30. =_#=H, q^^# Ja=x~z Q#O...4:51,
5:60.
31. JO q~` i uOO#O...4:150-151.
32. q`^~- q`H~...5:51.
33. ~_`, Ô"` ^+"Yi...5:62-63.
34. Jq^`, Jq` Q# O...5:78-79.
35. W~, =~ @ |^ qO^...5:82, 2:137.
36. HHO, Ô~HO...5:64, 17:167.
37. HO H K` J==#~, Ô<` qq...7:47.
38. =H =HQ qz#"# *u...7:168.
101. # *u: - gO ` WOMH K~k# Ji *u [.
J` W ~ùH K~k# # =H (J )# ^=_ Ji
[H <O~ K~^H ~#~^# O # *u [Q
YOP< k K~Ô. D *u H.. 860-784 =^ H~ L~_^x
`~k. (37:139-148 H, ^zH.)
102. [:- YOP< J |O (O [)# Qi~z Z~>
q=O =. O `=H <O~ K_xH =z# ^==H# uOi~z
#@ =`" L~k. p# JO Ki` ''O O` O~_ ~`
740
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
=# =z~k. XH> #[^, O~_k ** (=n<). O [ D

O~_> XH ~`xH K~k#~~ L~>Ox `~k. JQ gO
`=H `^~ K_xH =z# ^==H# uOi~K_" QO_,
Px F _|_ q _ K~#@ H_ `~k. O J~>
_|_ q Jx H_ JO~ =~k. (25:38, 50:12 H K_~_.)
103. ~>H K_ O=:- P^# J He, | He
J~> HÔ^ . J~^ XH> =`" a ~ k. H~Ô `` =^ ,
(W~@) q~ Jq =^ Q_gk e
xx ^ O^# KO .
W~ U^< ~zH [< Hx `$K~^Ò. ^xH |^
U^< P^ =z_` "#H =OeÒ. P Ò` Z~> #
KHOx $+Oe (J~> q^^#) POk~K_~ "^_Ò. D
q^~Q O W@ WH~#, J@ OH~# O~Q #+
O~>H K_ O= Ò. (22:11-12, 4:142-143 H K_~_.)
104. [:- J~> Q, ZQ, a_~. W~^ sOH a_~, <uH
a_~ Jx O~_ OH<. PK^#~ L~_=# sO J=
#~_ PK^# `y` Jk QK@=~k. q+~ #` Wk
=i~` Q K
@
~# q+ O J=`~k. JQ hu O`"# Hx K+
H
_ix H_ =#O Qx O~>=. hux Qu _# <>
H~ sOH a_~ H_ OAOAH H$t~z` aH Kz `~k.
Jj~ O ` O" Q ~ ` q= == q_z =s qH>@ ~
K~k. Jj~ O~ H^H HOH# Ju=H Wk Z~`=`~
QK@x Jx~K_~ ^. Q Wk D<_ J~^~, +#H u O"
~k. =#= Pk è^~_# P^~, (J)# =>,
"y~z, i ==# T_n~z# +`< `~ D<> _` +<
@ K Q` ` k~KH~@<_ =i!
P^~, # ^=_ U =$H ~ u#=^x i~K_ +` #~_ +`< `# Qx qH$` K+` =#=*ux J<H
O` , qq^ H` Jj O~H k~z |~ Q_ H~@<_. z=iH
^=H, }HO O` #Q ^H}H H_ O<_. O~
JO| |Ô^H H =~kO~ K@ #Q^H} KO. YOP<
Ô ^=_ D Jjx x+k~K_. ''"= g H" ê $+~KO.
Wq g =O=H PK^#~Q =`" QH~_, J~HO}Q H_
LQ_`x P# è*_. (7:26 H K_~_.)
J~^= W~ i PK^# ` H_# ^
H Z~`=Y~ Wz~k.
O^ (|OM) H_ J~^x Q". Hi O+ i#~_ H_
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
741
H=_xH _`H O^ O# OH} H=K~. J` =# ^=cu

H` ^ H=~ J~HO ~Q< qye`. J~^H uH
^H< H ^ Z~` +"#=x YOP< K|`~k. (7:26.)
W~ qxH ~|~k~z# J<H q+<. > a_~
XH\. a_ xH Z~` ^#~ L~k. J~^H ==H ==^ (~ )
''a_~ JOq~` =#~ J<O. Uk"< Qx H JO
#Q=Ò~ ~QOx W~^x Q# U O+_ #=_.
105. M<:- D# JO [Q` J`~` q"H=~`_~# =HQ
kK~Ô. D# =`$q, *f`# Qi~z ~_` a<a
L<. H~Ô D# hQ *f_x, =iH~Ô _<
^_x J~>O. U=~#>H D# JOa `# hu#_=_H,
q"H=~`=~# =@` Z~` q#uHHO. (31= JÔM<
Dx QiOz =# LOk.)
[` M< (J)x H~Ô ''gH q[` q"K<, = K`<
Z a~K? Jx J_y` ''hux*f J=~a~K_~, xH=e#
=@ =< =#~ >~K_~= a~K J<~ P#.
P# |kH` Qi~z F ~@# KO~ =~k. [` M<
(J) xQ L#OA Fi Px P# [=x ez ''XH
"H# H J~^ #~z Ju+"# O~_ Q (O~_ J=)
< ^QOH fHOJx J~>, P# "H =~~ #~_ $^~, <H
`zO. =O~Ô~ [=x ''F "H# H J~^ #~z Ju
hK# O~_ Q fHOJx J~>, M< (J) =m $^x,
<H< `zO. [=x PO ''Ju +"#q, Ju hK"#q
_ D ~O_<! Jx J_Q_. ^xH [` M< (J) =^#q
''$^~, <H =~Q, H=~Q =~> Wq Jx>H~> Z~` +"#q.
XH Jq K_ ` >H q~z# H ^ == =Og =~_= Jx KO.
(=< n< Qi YOP< M#~ #~_ HO}.)
106. Q~:- Q~ H..1200-1000 ~=Ò =^
H~ O~"#@ Ki`HO xOi~KO. J^ W~ (J)
^==HQ q~z# H~. YOP<x 21:79, 34:10-11 H =z#
q+# |> ^=_ P#H W# Yx[~ #~_ =K"# W#=,
LH f q^<x <O_x `~k. i, P "# O
x >*u
H..1200-1000 =^H~ LKu L~_>xH HO}~ P *u [
W#=# HOQ> P^ ÒK F JuH+# û H#Q#_".
J` W Ò P^ Z~` Ys^` H_Hx L~_q.
J~K` Wq [#=<xH J~^@ L~_qH=. Q P *u
742
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
D ûx Ju O~Q L~KO.

J< H~`HxH D Ox <, Ò *O< [ `
H<O. P Ò` =_ Yx[~ #~_ W#=# f "# ^`
H#Q#|_. ^H}
< x J^" J< K@ JO" # W# Yx[
xH |_. O= i^#i `=H Hx K@ O
H~<> W#|> J= H_ |@_. g>x ije~z#
Ò` ^=^, =< =H H~< D<> O q^#~
J= L~_^x è~k. (`= YOP< #~_.)
107. _:- =_ J<k ^ #_ qOQ> XH JiH W# H_ Jx K
=K. nx ^^ Jx =` x+k~K. (2:275-281 H, >
^zH K_~_. "\` @ 30:39 H _ K_O_.)
108. O} "x:- =^~ =#+H Z~` "# Ô~ . J`
`èH L~u xK^~#>H Wk i L~_ qKH} *<x
#t~*~k. J~^= W~ nx iQ x+k~z~k. J` WH~
=^~, =` ÔH Ô~Q =~_ qH ^=_ OH~ O
=^= k_x W~ K|`~k. P =^~ =` Hey~K^ qKH}
*<x H_ #t~*^. (q=OH 2:219, 4:43, 5:90-91 H, >
^zH K_~_. P Ò` 56:17-19 H _ K_O_.)
109. :- YOP< i+ ^=_, P# J~u==H (~)#
q~z, `^#Q}~Q PKi~K =Hx ''"q<(q) J~>O. H=~
^=_, P# =H (~)# q~z `^#Q}"# PKO}H Ô~Q
L~> ^ `#H W+"#q PKi~z, W+~Hxq, H+"#q =ê> =H
x["# q H_. J~>ix YOP< ''qO! q~K~_x
K|`~k. J~> gO x["# q~` P qxH J#Q}~Q
^=x P[#, P# =H (~) =K<# iQ >~K~_x JO~.
(4:136 H K_~_.)
110. xO~ x=~:- ^H xO~ q`k#~Q xO
~K_~
[iy~k. POA O ">_H _^ . Hx ^ D x=x L~ ~K
_~` ^=_ "ix H`Q =OQH Jx ~K_. (2:65, 7:165166
, "\ ^zH K_~_.)
111. ~u:- =x+ `## `# ^=xH, P# =H (~)H iQ
=i~KHx i P^#, `=# iQ >~z#C_ J`xH ~u
a~k. W~ O< ~u, =O} L<. H#H x["#
=#~u HOH<iH W~ ` =O=O~ ^ . (2:132 H ^ zH.)
112. #HO:- D $+ J~` ^=x^. ^x ~KK JkHO~ H_
P#H L~k. (30:26, 23:88, 42:10, 5:49, 33:36 H
K_~_.)
"
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
743
113. +PO (^=z):- u =`x, ~$ux, r=# ==#,
*f`# z~K Hx z~>. JQ W~ _ ^=x
UH`x, P# Ôx z~K z L<. >< +PO
J~>O. >x u =~ QOq~Ke. LÔ}H: =^, * `,
nH (WO) "^#q. (5:2 H.)
114. `< (Wc):-W`# =#=_ "y~z kq #~_ qH kQ
*i# O= ÔO_ . =#= $^ xx P OHu ~ z,

Hey~z, \, = He~z OA=O~ #~_ `~K
^+H. +`< l< (`~) *uH K~k#_. g_ J O Wc. Wc
J~> J`~` xOx$H QO# "_x JO~ . P^~ =~^ `=~K=x
^=_ Wz# P[# kHi~z P# PQxH, xH Q~~`_.
^~` J`_ P^~ (=#=x)H PQO `=`_. (2:30-39, 7:11
H, > ^zH K_~_.)
115. OMO: Y~P< Qi~z Q` 1400 ~=Ò #~z Ô
"` i^# K Z<, =O< =O H#Q<O. WC_
YOP<x =O q+~ H~@O i^# Ô "QH =z~k. k=
YOP< qq^ H} J~`s# "L
# ''19 ~M H~@O |_#
H`q+~. Wk ~MO `=, QO`= ~Y q=~.
=~^Q YOP< O~ H=~# 'a O xO~#
ije^~. W~^ "`~ 19 JHO<. D H~ L# <Q
^ YOP< ZxO =K P ~Yh 19 K x+~Q y~K|_
@@=~> ~M. YOP< "`~ 114 O (J^) L<. D
~Y 114 H_ 19K x+~Q y~K|_`~k.
YOP< 29 O, 14 JHO` UO_ qq^ ^ =^`
O~==`. L^:- Je ~ g, <, ^, M, #<,
g, Je ~ O "^#q. D JHO ~Y 14, O ~Y 29
He` =K ~Y 57 H_ 19K x+~Q y~K|_`~k. JnQH D 14
JHOx u JHO~ U O =z JHO"# 'M P
O 57 O =z~k. O O~~ c*HO =^~x ''M
J< JHO~ 57 O =z~k. Wk 19K x+~Q y~K|_ ~Y. Y
O "^> JHO"# '#< 133 O =z~k. Wk H_ 19K x+~Q
y~K|_ ~M. PO, =O~, ^ O "^> JHO~ '^ XHH
O 152 O =z~k. 152 H_ 19K x+~Q y~K|_ ~M.
YOP<x Hx O O~_ =_ c*HO` H_ O~
==`. ` O ^> JHO [ ~@ '`, '` 28 O, ' 314
744
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
O =K. D O~_ ~Y (28{314) HQ =K ~Y 342 H_

19K x+~Q y~K|_`~k. < O "^> JHO[~@ ',
< ' 237 O, '< 48 O =K. D O~_ ~Y (237{48)
HQ =K ~Y 285 H_ 19K x+~Q y~K|_`~k.
YO P < U_ O 'g , J< J< JH O [ ~@` O ~
==`. P U_ O 'g J< JHO~ 304 O, 'J< J<
JHO~ 1862 O =K. D O~_ ~Y (304{1862) H_Q =K
~Y 2166 H_ 19K x+~Q y~K|_`~k. =_ c*HO =
^~` O~= O H_ Hx L<. L^:- 'Je, ~,
g` O~= 8 O<. D Ox Je, ~, g
J< JHO "`~ 26,676 O =K. D ~Y H_ 19K x+~Q
y~K|_`~k.
19 ~YH a~z# D `H` ^$zH~ H^. ^$zH=~`
O~_=_ ^ JÔ O =z=~_k. J<H O =z~^~> YOP<
x~^ ~Q ^=x }#x, =#="^ [x`~ Z~`=`~ H^x `~ k.
(^=` uH #~_)
YOP< XHK@ `H~Q 19 ~Y Qi~z# =# L~k. #OH
HQ 19 =~k ^=^`# xq~K_~ [iy~^x WH_ YOP<
O#k. D 19 ~Y# ^=_ JqH sHQ K_. (74:31 H.)
U"#>H D 19 ~Y `<+H "^# ^#> q+".
116. , =O H~_:- HQ$~ g~ L~_ D O~_ H~_
=^ * uH ~^|^~Q ' (#_H) KO. Wk *
x= XH x=~. (2:158 H K_~_.)
117. =^ *u: - Wk p# JO| *`x *u. D *u [H
<O~ K ~i~K_xH ^=_ e =H (J )# q ~* _.
Hx O Px uOi~z ^=tHH QOO. (q=O H~ 7:7379, 11:61-66, 26:141-159, 27:45-53, 54:23-32 H
K_~_.)
118. qi:- = =H (J) ^ [# (OuH) fHO=_xH
Ò O`xH "o#C_, W ~ùix (J~> ^#)
_=O~ >~z#_ W`#. P=^_ qQ~ ÒK J~^#~z
^_ JO~> |~ =K K, W^ g ^=_~@ J`# iK` Q[
K~K_. `è`~Q J`# ==H (J) ~ = ''gO ##
`HH~_ J~@ uOQ` `~Q J~@Ox_ `_. (20:85-98
H K_~_.) qi J<k J`x JO H^. Wk J`x `Q ^
~ù ^ xH ~|~k~z# O L~@~k. a HO~ D =H
JO O<. ==H (J) Ôx O H_ O< J
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
745
#~^# ^ qi K# xOHx O@< H H< O<

=H (J)H J~@Q>O.
119. ^` =# :- Wk = PH~x J`#` O=H z@
z=i i^
=# F qt+ =$HO [~. D=$H~ P= U=~^, Z =~^
$+HOH ` Z=iH è^. ==H ==^ () `# QQ# O@#
("O*) ~Ô ~ Q D K@ ^QO ^= ~^~ (k"q+$u) J~^* ^= ^`
[` lc (J)x J O~ O~_=i KO. lc (J)H
PO~^ OH L<x, XHH OH Ò #~_ _=O =OH Ô~
L~_~` _=Q L~^x ==H () è*O.
120. |` (^=x O~Q):- ^ WÒe `= =`~H fH=
_xH =~^ iH XH q^"# ZOO~Q h>` #~ KO. Ô`
P =H
`_z @H O q`~ Òx, F #`#
rq` O~Q J=~a~z#@ J=`~^x ^ q~. nx O `=
=` i+ ''q [~ J~>O. D PKOx P Ò ` H = H_
Hi~KO. (2:138 H K_~_.)
121. h:- J~> UH#Y_, XH " ^$+ H~nHi~z#_ Jx
JO~. YOP< i+ =` q^ ^# =ê XH ^=_ =`"
POk~K_x JO~. (3:67 H K_~_.)
122. * J^ (#~~): H Q$O `~ k# =, H
^~O g# Q_ J=~|_# #~~x * J^ JO\~. Wk
~O #O_ f~|_# F q` }O. H< ZO` `Q xQxQ
_` LO_k. u 'WO (`H_O) = "i # OQOz
z=iH W #|_ ~Ok. k<# D ~~ _ r=O Hx
O k. ^=_ ^xH <~, ^$+ k_ . H ^H }
=O `#
'WO K#"i H~# QiOz Wk ^=x =O^ HO WOk. (uil
n P^~OQ)
XHi ^==H (O) H ^H} K ^x OkOz W J<~:
''#"O` =Oz^#=! h i=O ZO` +"#k!! h Q~= q`` ZO`
L#`"#q!!! Hx Z=i Jn#O ==^ }O LO^ P H~x
H! ^=x ^$+ h Q~= q`` HO> XH =O ^#} ZO`
Q~=^"#q, q`"#q.
123. s: - J~> ~ KO (J<O) Jx JO~. gO D
=H (J) `H KO. (3:52-53 H K_~_.)
124. O`, =O` :- ^ <uH `<#= HOH#
H~ ^=_ "ix sH~K_xH ~`, =~` J< ^=^è =#=
O i ^QOH ~`_. `= sH xq`~ ~|_# O=x K
746
OH =K~O2
Y~P< "=$Ò
#>H O <O H^q^ (K`|_)< <OH=_xH ^ L|@

_O. (2:102 H, ^x ^zH K_O_.)
125. [` (=):- W~ [`H Z~` =Y~ =~k. Z=O<
XH ~`~ ~Ô< H QO=` W~ Ô xH J#Q}"# rq`~
Q_
x H~ J`# P ~Ò =ê Wg rq`~ Q_ ~^H g#
=O ~`xH = = =~@~k. =Y~Q Wg O[~ (Ô
W ~ ) UO _ # C _ JH _ H ` H ~_ = e. O> J` #
^ Q xH QO=`_. (q=O H~ 4:88-91, 4:97100 H
, > ^
zH K_~_.
Aims and Objects of the Islamic Resource Centre
The Islamic Resource Centre (IRC) is to remain as a nonpolitical one, and adopt Humanity as its main resource based on
Qur'an and Sunnah.
To promote literacy and literary taste aiming at character building of men and women culturally and morally, eradication of Social evils and superstitions with spiritual base and strive to make
them responsible and progressive citizens leading an orderly and
peaceful life.
To publish books, booklets, pamphlets, folders, handbills, research papers and periodicals in Telugu language and make audio/video materials, educate and hold educational seminars, symposiums, workshops, memorial lectures, research awards etc.
To achive and promote Communal Amity and Harmonious

Relations between the people of various sections of society.
To endeavour establishment of self employment vocational

training institutions like sewing centres, computer
thus care for overall development.
points etc,
To do such other things as are conductive for attainment of

any or all of the above objects of the people in generally by utilising
all means and provisions available under the Indian Constitution.
Note:- Detailed introduction of the "Centre" and its publication
activeties has been covered in Urdu dailies "Munsif" of Hyderabad

on 5-5-05 and "Urdu Post" of Dubai on 8-8-05.
Y~P< "=$Ò
OH =K~O2
747
n ^~ }O Y~P<
^=_ D Q~^~ Ô H~îx Lî _ . =iH~îx _^ _ . (=~ ).
YOP<q^ <i~z, ^x WÒ H <O O g J~îH~> +
. (|Mi).
Z=O< YOP< x+k~z# q+ # Ô =`~ K H<_~>, J`#
YOP<x q~K< ^# =@. (uil)

k<# k= YOP<x, ^x HO~ PKi~z#ix (^= <<xH) fH
O=_~ [OQ`~k. JC_ i =~^ |YO, Pe W=< O (J^)
#> =| `#H O~ (h_xz) #_~ >. > H~k Q# "Q
L~@~k. ^ P O~_ O OH Kz# H Q~ # ZQO` "ix
J#i. W D O~_ O `=# i~ z#"iH J#H~Q H q
=. (=~ )
*Q`! gH~ XH ^ H~ `` ~ k.... k= YOP< Ô =`" gO
nx i#~_ |@_ QÒ. D Q~^~ gH O~ Qu~z# *` Kq
K# O =< H_ L< g `~` OiH ZÔ i}=
H_ L<: W~H D Q~^~ g ^# ~k# ==OH ~~ # i~
=O H_ L<..... D Q~^~ P=+ H H^. Wk ZO` Q~cO" # ,
xO
`H" # "}. ÔO_
D Q~^x q_<_# HO_ ^=_ J}Q ^H
_ . nx =ke "~ K@ #~_ =O^ O H` ~ ~^_xH u~K_ ^=_
=O + _ Q K_ . D Q~^~ ^=_ ~# >+ " # `_. Wk q"H= O`" #
`}. W^ O# î (=H= O~ )--- (uil, î)

~ g~ (Ô ) *#~ fH=_~ [OQ`~k... ^=_ *#~ f
H~>_~> [ $^ #~_ èy_x JO~ H^. *#~ fH=_=~>
Ô "`
H~ #~_ H=~Q J~ì~z Ò. XH Ô "` H_ H ~_
J~Ô J~ì~z# `~` [#O =Oe <HQ K H~>O. P =~

[ J_y# q+ H *#~ H ~_ ` (fO) WO . DqÔ Q "~
~Q î ` _" QH~_ [e H_ î ` O . (|Mi, =~ )
Y~P<x K^" e# qÔ Q K^= O_. ~ ~O|= K^= O_. ^x "O
* O_. JO^x q+ # ijeOKO_, g rqÒ ~H = =Òk.
Z=~ Y~P< J^ #O K ^x H~O PKi_,
k<# (^= ^`)
J`x è^ O _ XH Hs@O _`~. P Hs@O ~x H< Z= `[`
HtO k. (|Mi, =O )
~ O_ q+ @ D~ _@
O ^~ =`" . JO^ XH q+ O.... ^=_
kOz# Y~P< *#O (K^= _O, "_O, <~ _O, K~O K _O =Q~
H~H) ~ ~O|= x=Q_~ LO_"_. (|Mi, =O )
748
q+ îx1
Y~P< "=$Ò
1. q+ îx ("^> Q~)

1. ^=x J` O
(Existance of God) :
1. =H xO}~ :- 30:8, 35:41, 14:19-20, 51:48-49, 78:12-13, 67:3-5,

79:27-33, 2:22, 2:29, 2:117, 6:96-97, 17:12, 15:19-20, 36:36-40, 45:22.
2. |k=~`H K# :- 2:164, 13:2-4, 30:20-24, 39:21, 16:12/13, 45:3-5.
3. Ô *O :- 45:24-26, 52:35-37, 56:86, 56:87, 2:28, 6:5-6, 3:137, 10:101102, 29:20-23, 30:9, 6:29-30, 23:33-38,..... 40:36-37.
4. =O~ , =$H* ` :- 6:99, 13:17, 26:7, 24:43, 35:27, 25:48, 16:10-11, 16:65,
16:67, 14:24-27..... 57:20.
5. H ^ :- 16:66, 88:17, 67:19, 16:5-8, 16:68-69, 16:79-81.
6. =#= @H :- 86:5-7, 30:20-21, 51:20-21, 16:78, 77:20-23, 39:6, 16:4, 3:6,
4:1.
7. =#=xH ^ HO :- 31:20, 67:15, 30:22-23, 2:21-22, 16:80-81, 57:25, 78:
9-11, 96:3-7, 27:73, 16:18, 14:34.
8. O *x, O H= ~`_ :- 3:5, 2:117, 15:23-25, 6:59-60, 7:54, 10:55-56, 32:
5, 34:2, 31:27, 18:109.
9. KiH :- 56:57-74, 90:4-5, 90:7, 36:60-62, 36:66-68, 10:31-32, 35:1523, 40:57-58, 20:108-112, 67:16-18, 67:21-24, 10:108, 20:135.
2. ^=x UH` ~
(Oneness of God) :
1. >x PO^ _ :- 2:163, 3:62, 4:36, 4:48, 18:110, 21:24, 28:88.

2. J}=}= P< POk~k :- 64:1, 62:1, 61:1, 59:1, 57:1, 17:44, 13:13, 13:15,
22:18, 55:6.
3. ^ HO :- 32:6-9, 35:3, 67:15, 16:14-22, 27:60-64, 25:47, 28:71-73, 17:70,
55:2-13, 55:19-25, 40:64-65.
4. H "_ H, M +O :- 30:33-37, 7:189-190, 17:67-69, 6:40-41, 6:
63-65, 29:65-66, 10:22-23, 31:31-32, 11:9-11, 39:8.
5. D #h K^=O? :- 23:84-89, 43:87, 39:38-40.
6. ^=x Q}Q}, H =O :- 2:255, 59:23-24, 112:1-4, 39:62-63, 57:
3-5, 53:43-44, 41:47, 13:8-10, 10:3, 67:13-14, 58:7, 31:27-28.
7. rq` O= O~ :- 51:56-58, 21:25, 16:36.
Y~P< "=$Ò
q+ îx1
749
8. ^=_- ^" ` O ? :- 13:16, 30:40, 10:34-35, 27:65, 16:73, 35:40, 7:191-192.

9. ^ ` O [ :- 7:197-198, 43:86, 21:43, 7:192-195, 35:13-14, 13:14, 17:5657, 17:46, 39:45.
10. qQ :- 22:73, 21:98-100, 7:191-195, 7:197-198, 36:74-75, 53:19-23, 29:25.
11. q^^ - O :- 10:18, 39:3, 43:86.
12. [=x-x ^$~`~ :- 16:71, 16:74-76, 30:28, 39:29, 24:39.
13. |^ ~> U=n? :- 17:42, 21:22, 23:91.
14. =<~K
^~ :- 45:23, 25:43-44, 91:9-10, 49:51, 7:175-176, 23:71.
15. J~^#HO}
:- 31:20-21, 11:109, 17:40, 52:41, 52:38, 21:24, 21:26, 22:71, 5:104,
7:28, 13:33, 16:35.
16. |^ O^# O =#~ :- 4:116, 22:31, 39:65, 29:25, 18:102-105, 24:39,
39:45.
17. J` ^ :- 6:150, 12:105-107.
18. =H
Je" @~ :- 10:104, 6:14, 6:19, 25:77, 6:46, 39:32, 35:16-17, 109:1-6,
11:121, 11:2
19. ^= Ô #~ :- 6:103, 7:143, 53:13.
20. P` ($^ ~) :- 17:85, 21:91, 4:171, 89:27-28, 13:28, 6:125, 6:60, 39:42.
3. Q~^ [ q :
1. Ju H, J~^q :-4:171, 5:75-77, 10:68, 5:72-73, 5:17-18, 2:111, 2:113,
2:135.
2. ^=_-~`#~ :- 2:116, 6:101-102, 19:35, 19:88-93, 9:30-32.
3. D=H, P# ^# :- 43:59, 4:172, 4:157-159, 5:72, 43:63-65.
4. ~zH ""~ :
1. SH rq`~- "OQ :- 29:64, 28:60, 57:20, 3:185, 3:14-15, 10:24-25,
6:32, 18:45-46.
2. WH ""O :- 3:145, 11:15-16, 31:24, 4:134, 4:94, 33:28-29, 14:3,
87:16-17, 16:107-109.
3. ~ K ~^- O
H ~^ :- 28:60, 42:36, 10:58, 43:33-35, 13:26, 4:77,
102:1-8, 3:196-197.
4. U=O@- uOO uqO~ :- 10:7-8, 10:12, 2:212, 3:10-11, 30:7.
5. O
H H `^ :- 20:131, 9:55, 3:196-198, 20:131.
750
q+ îx1
5. YOP<-P^ xH O Q~^~ :
Y~P< "=$Ò
1. =#= qOz`~ H^ :- 56:75-80, 32:2, 10:37, 4:174, 26:210-212, 16:102103,

69:39-47, 17:88, 11:13,14.
2. Q~^ qt+` :- 43:3-4, 80:13-16, 8521-22, 38:88, 15:87, 16:102, 26:193-196,
6:155, 10:57-58, 2:185.
3. ^= Q~^~ J#_xH xÔ < :- 4:82, 17:88, 11:14, 10:38, 2:23-24, 52:33-34.
4. J=Ò}
H HO} :- 14:1-2, 14:52, 57:9, 6:92, 32:3, 6:156-157, 27:76-77,
4:105, 5:16, 17:9-10, 36:70, 57:25, 10:57-58
5. q Q}~ fO :- 2:2-4, 39:23, 17:107-109.
6. Jq =$u Ô} :- 10:38-39, 6:7-8, 16:103-105, 26:198-201, 31:32, 54:
4-5, 47:24-25, 43:5, 56:80-82.
7. q[h# "} :- 9:33, 12:104, 2:185, 4:174-175, 14:52, 39:41, 38:88.
8. +, OK# , e :- 12:2, 26:195, 54:17, 39:23, 3:7, 10:1, 6:115, 39:2728.
9. }# Hiy~K Q~^~ :- 59:21, 13:31.
10. H ~ :- 4:166, 11:17, 46:10, 26:196-197.
11. uOO O =#~ :- 18:29, 6:157, 20:134.
12. Q~^ iOH}
:- 15:9, 75:16-19, 41:41,42.
13. $^ OQ` x"i} :- 10:57-58, 17:82.
14. O Q~^~ @ q =O# :- 15:91, 72:1-4.
15. WÒ ` :- 43:44, 16:98, 97:1-5, 7:204.
6. ==^ (~) ^`~ :

1. ^=x , =H rq`~ :- 4:170, 5:92,..... 33:32, 68:4.
2. =H HOH :- 65:11, 62:2, 2:151, 3:164, 7:157.
3. P :- 57:9, 57:25, 3:79-80, 7:157.
4. =H #~, ^ ` :- 33:45-46, 53:56, 4:79, 2:119, 6:107, 34:28, 46:9,
13:40, 72:21-23, 33:40, 17:79.
5. =HH ^=x KiH :- 17:86-87, 2:120, 11:12, 6:35, 66:1, 6:17, 17:73-77,
69:44-47, 39:65.
6. Hq, He`= :- 36:69, 11:35, 37:36, 46:48, 52:30-32, 8:31, 25:4-6, 21:5,
38:5-7.
7. =~uH_, z_:- 37:36, 38:4, 10:2, 21:3, 51:52, 53:1-3, 7:184, 23:70,
Y~P< "=$Ò
q+ îx1
751
34:46, 68:1-9,.... 54:1-3.

8. =#=_ =H H_:- 25:7-10, 21:34, 23:24, 23:33-34, 25:20,6:9, 12:109,
17:94-95, 21:7-8, 41:6, 14:10-11.
9. =H ` H`
:- 17:1, 17:60, 94:1-4, 33:40, 33:5052, 33:56, 17:79.
10. kq+$u :- 42:51-52, 53:4-18, 3:44, 12:3, 12:102.
11. Q~^ [ :- 5:15, 5:19, 2:120, 6:159, 2:145-146, 3:44, 3:61, 3:64, 3:20,
3:183
12. =H K~* :- 3:61, 3:64.
13. =HH ^=x `H
:- 33:1, 33:48, 33:2-3, 28:86, 32:23, 10:94, 6:106,
7:2, 10:65, 10:109, 17:79, 18:6,18:27, 25:51-52, 16:123, 94:7-8, 15:97-99, 6:17,
16:127-128, 30:60.
14. JO|< =H Z~^H? :-36:6, 34:44, 3:164, 7:157, 9:128, 13:30, 10:47, 14:4.
15. uOOxH HO}~ ÔH }
:- 2:99, 27:80-81, 10:42-43, 28:57, 43:31-32,
38:8-10, 56:82, 25:41-44, 28:50, 8:32, 6:33, 2:89.
16. |Ò~ ^ :- 28:56, 16:36-37, 10:99-100, 26:3-4.
17. Jq H@, ^+
` :- 4:113, 8:30, 22:15.
18. H ~ :- 13:43, 4:79, 4:41, 16:89.
19. JQKO *#~ :- 27:65, 18:110, 6:50, 7:188, 38:67-70, 10:20, 9:101.
20. JqH =H KiH :- 34:24-25, 10:41, 34:50, 39:64, 42:15.
21. JqH =H `^ :- 21:108-109, 6:162-163, 39:11-15, 67:28-29.
22. =H xO = :- 6:90, 52:40, 42:23, 12:104
23. =HH ^=x FÔ :- 39:36, 93:3-8, 94:1-4, 20:2-3, 39:30-31, 13:40, 25:
30-31, 5:67.
24. == ("l*`) :- 6:104, 51:20-21, 12:105, 10:20, 6:109-111, 6:158, 54:12,
52:44, 15:14-15, 17:59, 27:82.
25. =H @ q^
` :- 3:31, 4:80, 8:20, 33:36, 59:7, 4:59, 4:61, 4:65, 49:12,
58:11, 48:16-17, 24:47-52.
26. =`#"oH =O^ i :- 21:107, 4:79, 34:28.
7. W~ - <`# Ô ~ :
1. "^> =#=~î Ô ~ XH> :- 10:19, 42:13, 28:53.
752
q+ îx1
Y~P< "=$Ò
2. Ô ~ peH, U=O@ :- 21:92-93, 23:53-54.

3. qa# =`H HO} :- 5:48, 16:93, 17:84, 5:68.
4. Ô ~ |Ò~ ^ :- 2:256, 10:99-101, 6:125, 2:208-209, 50:45.
5. W~ Ô ~ :- 2:130-132, 2:135-136, 3:84, 4:125, 3:67, 2:128.
6. H$ u Ô ~ :- 30:30-32, 3:83.
7. W~ ` =O~ ^ :- 6:125-126, 9:32-33, 3:19, 3:85, 3:83, 5:3, 6:14, 5:44,
3:102, 22:78.
8. W~ =eH ^$H^~ :- 4:116, 5:69, 2:62, 2:111-112, 3:179, 2:135, 3:64.
8. =O}#~Ò rq`~ :
1. =$` HO~ :- 3:145, 3:156-158, 4:78, 6:60-61, 6:93-94, 8:50-51, 39:42,
16:28-29, 4:97, 8:50-51, 10:90-91, 44:29, 50:19, 16:32, 89:27-30, 75:26-30,
41:30-32.
2. `$ H~ (P |OM ) :- 40:45-46, 23:99-100, 7:40, 22:31.
3.
K# :- 17:58, 18:97-99, 21:95-96, 27:82, 6:158, 11:117 (FN), 44:11.
9.
k#~ :
1.
~ ZC_~ k? :- 7:187, 31:34, 42:17-18, 53:57-61.
2. =$` |`HÒ? :- 7:57, 30:50, 19:66-67, 22:55, 22:5-7, 36:77-79, 36:81,
31:28, 75:1-4, 17:49-51, 23:81-83, 44:34-36, 17:99, 50:3-5, 70:6-7, 50:15,
46:33.
3. #sxH HO} :- 16:38-39, 10:4, 75:36-40, 39:69, 39:75, 14:51.
4.
c` ~:- 69:1-3, 69:13-16, 21:1-2, 27:88, 78:20, 20:105-107, 18:47, 50:
19-20, 21:104, 36:48-50, 39:68, 81:1-6, 75:7-11, 82:1-3, 56:1-6.
5. #O`#~:- 84:1-5, 99:1-4, 36:51-53, 82:4-5, 81:7-14, 70:43-44, 14:42-43,
14:48, 54:6-8, 20:102,108, 4:87, 39:68, 73:17, 10:45, 80:34-42, 30:43, 30:14.
6. Jq `~ :- 21:97, 14:44, 4:41-42, 3:30, 69:25-29, 6:31, 32:12,
25:28, 89:23-24, 26:96-1102,.... 39:54-59,..... 68:42-43.
7. ^= <#~ :- 25:25-26, 39:67, 69:16-18, 18:47-48, 23:101, 100:6-11, 102:8,
7:6, 2:281, 77:14-15, 96:7-8, 11:105, 78:37-38, 20:111, 40:16.
8. HO `, qKO}, fO:- 40:17-20, 16:111, 64:9, 45:28, 17:13-14, 18:49, 21:47,
7:8-9, 69:19-22, 69:25-26, 17:71, 84:7-11, 22:17, 5:109, 16:89, 28:65-66, 28:75,
6:130, 2:281, 53:38-42.
Y~P< "=$Ò
q+ îx1
753
9. |^ O^H , QO^ [ qKO} :- 10:28-30, 6:22-24, 18:52, 25:17-19,

34:40-42, 28:62-66, 16:86-87..... 5:116118.
10. H ~ :- 75:13-15, 7:6, 16:84, 16:89, 4:41-42, 41:19-23, 28:74-75, 10:28-29,
25:17-18, 36:65,.... 5:109, 5:117, 2:143, 16:89, 45:28,29.
11. }` O =#~ :- 45:30, 5:119, 20:112, 69:19-24, 80:38-39, 83:34-35,
7:8, 41:30-32, 43:68-70.
12. ` O =#~ :- 3:30, 17:97, 7:51, 20:102, 6:31, 7:53, 20:124-126, 69:
25-37, 68:43, 39:48, 80:40-42, 14:49-50, 7:9, 54:52-53, 18:105, 77:29-33,
55:41, 37:22-24, 8:36-37.
13. O , ~, i O~ :- 31:33, 40:18, 2:48, 26:88, 30:57, 35:18,
43:67, 5:36, 70:10-15,34:23, 19:86-87, 2:254, 60:3, 20:109, 21:28-29,.... 39:23, 39:43-48, 43:86.
14. +`<, "_ J#KO Q}~ :- 36:60-64, 50:26-29, 6:128, 14:22.
15. Qi+ <H, J~^#KO :- 37:19-33, 34:31-33, 14:21, 2:166-167, 14:
44-45, 23:64-67, 25:27-29, 16:25, 6:29-30, 41:29,..... 11:96-99, 40:47-48.
16. =_ =OQ p_~ :- 30:14-16, 90:11-20, 56:7-10, 56:13-14, 56:39-40,
56:51-56, 56:95, 56:90-91.
17. O
H~ =~^ SHrq`~ :- 20:102-104, 23:112-114, 30:55-57, 79:46.
10. O = :
754
q+ îx1
Y~P< "=$Ò
10. x++ $^ , H$`[`

:- 15:47, 19:62, 56:25-26, 7:42-43, 35:34-35,
10:10.
11. #OH H~ :
1. #OH~ J~> :- 74:27-29, 70:15-17, 78:21-22, 101:9-11, 11:106-107, 25:12,67:7-8,
15:43-44, 19:71-72, 50:30.
2. #OHt HH HO} :- 35:37, 3:162, 70:17, 4:56, 25:11, 46:20, 74:42-47, 7:179.
3. ` `~ :- 3366, 23:105-110, 26:94-103, 40:10-12, 25:28-29, 6:31,
32:12, 69:25-29.
4. #OH H:- 74:30-31, 66:6, 67:6-11, 43:77-78, 46:34, 52:14-16, 40:4950.
5. #OH `#:- 25:12-14. 14:16-17, 39:16, 32:20, 56:41-46, 104:6-9, 44:47-50,
22:19-22, 40:71-72, 7:41, 23:104, 25:34, 19:68-69, 40:49-50, 55:41,44, 32:13.
6. PO h :- 88:6-7, 44:43-46, 37:64-68, 38:57-58, 56:52-56, 14:16,17.
7. `~ , O OO} :- 38:59-64, 7:38-39, 26:96-102, 41:29, 2:166-167,
40:47-48, 33:66-68.
12. PO} < :

1. PO " :- 7:46-47.
2. O , #OH ~+} :- 7:48-50, 7:44-45, 74:41-47, 57:12-15.
3. HOpH>
H~u OY :- 2:257, 66:8, 57:12-13.
13. rq` O= O~ :
1. P#~^ x~ :- 3:133, 21:101-103, 15:48, 17:21, 25:16, 39:20, 88:13-16, 56:34,
52:18, 11:108, 22:59, 55:46, 55:48, 55:50, 55:62, 55:64, 55:66.
2. Q`~ , O " ~ :- 39:73-74, 21:103, 13:23-24, 15:46.
3. PO Ô :- 19:62, 37:41-43, 2:25, 52:22, 52:19, 56:17-21, 56:28-33,
43:71-73, 55:52, 55:68, 55:76.
4. h :- 47:15, 76:5-6, 76:15-18, 56:18-19, 83:25-28, 37:45-47.
5. ^
, #Q, O :- 18:31, 56:15-16, 55:54, 35:33.
6. O^~OQ :- 44:54, 56:22-24, 56:35-38, 37:48-49, 55:56, 5558, 55:70,
55:72, 55:75.
7. =H :- 52:24, 56:17-18, 76:19.
8. ^= # `, ^= Ô #~ :- 33:44, 9:72, 89:27-30, 75:22-23.
9. O O ~+} :- 55:15-16, 52:25-28, 37:50-60, 7:44.
1. qxO} H ~ :- 21:16-18, 44:38-39, 45:22, 23:17, 30:8.

2. P^~-+`<:- 18:50, 17:61-65, 2:30-39, 7:11-25, 4:118-121, 20:115-126, 38:7185.
3. =#=K` =}~ :- 7:172-173, 3:81-82, 33:7-8, 51:56,.... 42:13, 3:187, 2:83,
7:169-171, 5:7.
4. =#=x @H, J`x =$u :- 15:26-27, 76:1-3, 90:4, 17:70, 17:83, 17:11,
70:19-21, 41:49, 42:48, 4:28.
5. J~Ò` + :- 91:7-10, 75:1-4, 12:53, 23:71, 13:27-29, 89:27-30, 3:145.
14. ^= ^` :
1. Q}Q}, OOY :- 7:206, 21:27-29, 37:164-166, 35:1.
2. q^ , ^ ` :- 50:17-18, 13:11, 42:5, 17:78, 22:75, 40:7-9.
3. =$` ^` :- 6:61, 6:93, 7:37, 8:50-51, 16:28-29, 16:32.
Y~P< "=$Ò
q+ îx1
755
4. ^= ~^ O_ :- 81:19-21, 72:27-28, 70:4, 2:98

5. #OH ^` :- 74:30-31 (K_: J^~-11, J~~-4)
756
20. ^= sH :
q+ îx1
Y~P< "=$Ò
1. ^= =H
:- 4:165, 10:47, 13:38, 23:44, 40:78, 3:33, 22:75.
2. k= Q~^ :- 3:3, 3:93, 5:44-45, 6:91, 9:111, 5:46-47, 4:163, 21:105, 7:157.
3. u*u ^= =H
= ~ :- 35:24, 13:7, 26:208, 16:36.
1. sH ~ K~ :- 18:7, 20:131, 67:2, 6:165, 57:25, 4:115, 2:143.

2. H$`[` sH :- 39:49-52, 41:49-51, 4:147, 7:10.
3. sH# Qi~KxO:- 89:15-23, 6:42-45, 7:94-100, 23:55-56, 9:126, 32:2122.
4. H+ M sH :- 21:35, 21:34, 67:2, 21:110-111, 39:52,.....94:5-8, 42:30.
5. q sH :- 2:155-157, 29:2-4, 2:214, 3:186, 3:185, 8:28, 20:131.
16. HO (PKO}
):
21. q^ ^ :
1. =eH q~, ^KO}

:- 2:62, 2:111-112, 4:123, 2:195.
2. Ò :- 2:177, 2:115, 2:148, 2:189, 22:36-37, 26:89, 49:13, 41:33, 31:17,
22, 90:12-17, 103:1-3.
3. Ô (JÔ HO) :- 6:151-153, 16:106-107, 31:17, 31:21.
1. +`< (Wc) :- 7:11-17, 4:117-121, 34:20-21.

"_ u[ :- 6:142, 36:60-62, 19:44-45, 14:22, 25:27-29, 24:21.
"_@
J=`~ Q L~_e:- 35:5-6, 7:27-28, 2:168-169, 2:208-209, 6:121,
43:36-38, 35:8, 17:53, 24:21,.... 50:27-29, 36:60-64.
"_ ^+O} #~_ OH}
:- 7:200-202, 113:1-5, 114:1-6, 6:68, 16:98, 41:36.
"_ |~ Z=i g^? :- 26:221-223, 22:3-4, 19:83, 16:99-100, 58:10,
43:37-38, 59:16-17, 37:7-10, 34:20-21.
2. =_ #=H, ÔKO :- 5:90, 5:3, 5:103, 5:104, 6:138-140, 6:143-144,
16:56, 10:59, 2:189, 6:100, 4:117, 43:15-22, 51:10-11, 53:19-23, 53:27-30, 8:35,
2:102, 57:27.
3. qQ O^# :- 22:30-31, 22:73-74, 21:98-99, 7:197-198, 36:74-75, 53:19-23,
29:25, 2:51-52,.... 6:108.
4. ``=``
(J~^)J#HO}
:- 31:21, 2:170, 11:109, 7:70, 11:87, 26:71-74, 43:
23-24, 37:70-71, 7:28, 5:104, 6:148, 16:35, 6:28.
5. ^= PO^# :- 5:116-118, 16:20-21, 18:21, 3:80, 45:10, 39:45, 25:17-19.
6. ^= ^` PO^# :- 37:155-160, 43:16, 17:40, 34:40-41.
7. l# ( `) PO^# :- 6:100, 72:6, 41:29, 34:40-41.
8. =<~K
^~ :- 45:23, 25:43-44, 91:7-10,.... 7:175-176, 23:71.
9. <`
, JkHO@ q^
` :-21:98-99, 2:166-167, 14:21, 34:31-33, 37:2223.
10. |~^ q` PO^# :-29:8, 8:27-28, 63:9, 64:14-15, 9:23, 25:27-29, 43:3840.
11. =`Q O= PO^# :- 16:25, 9:31, 9:34-35.
12. K`| _ :- 2:102-103, 113{114 J^.
15. ^==H, k=Q~^ :
17. qk xO
~ (*`H~ ) :
1. @H =~^ qKi` :- 57:22-23, 27:75, 34:3, 6:59, 25:2, 36:12, 17:13.
2. xs` =xH ~= ~ :- 3:145, 6:2, 6:67, 7:34.
3. xO
kHO~ ^=x^ :- 13:38-39, 44:3-5, 58:21.
18. } :
1. Z=i HO "i" :- 2:284, 17:7, 17:15, 99:7-8, 18:30, 4:40, 6:164, 29:12-13,
41:46, 2:286, 4:111, 30:44, 33:33, 5:105, 60:3, 35:18.
2. =$H ^$~`~, HO z> :-14:24-27, 83:7-11, 83:18-22, 4:85, 6:160, 5:100, 36:12.
3. =#~_, xO K~^H~ _ :- 6:120, 4:30-31, 4:110-111, 33:5, 4:48-49,
27:11, 39:53-58, 6:53-55.
4. Jq @ ^=x LH :- 27:4-5, 9:115, 16:61, 30:41.
5. O :- 4:48, 4:116, 53:32, 4:31, 25:68.
19. H+ M :
1. OkH _, O H= ~`_ :- 2:117, 32:5-6, 3:109, 41:47, 64:11, 53:43-48,
39:42, 39:43-44, 42:27-28, 42:49-50.
2. ~ H$Ò^~ :- 4:78-79, 10:44, 42:30-34.
3. H< ^=_ QOH _? :- 10:12, 16:83, 68:33, 68:44-45, 42:48, 6:63-65,
29:65-66, 10:22-23, 31:31-32, 11:9-11, 39:8.
4. Ô# *`H ^= ^~_#:- 46:27-28, 30:9, 22:45-46, 22:48, 50:36, 11:100-102.
3:137, 11:117, 6:131, 9:55, 8:53, 17:16, 21:11-15, 25:40, 20:128-129.
22. PO^# :
1. PO^< =~ :- 51:56, 22:18, 7:205-206, 7:55-56, 2:152, 40:60, 40:14, 2:43,45,
Y~P< "=$Ò
q+ îx1
757
6:72, 7:170, 22:77.

2. z `
:- 74:4-5, 4:43, 5:6, 2:222.
3. d (PO^< H~^~) :- 2:148-149, 2:115, 2:142-144, 2:150, 7:29, 2:177, 3:96.
4. O * #=A :- 20:132, 17:78, 20:130, 2:238, 33:41-42, 4:103, 2:45-46,
2:153, 11:114, 17:110, 107:4-7.
5. YO, M, #
, =H #=A :- 2:239, 4:101-102, 73:2-8, 73:20, 2:43,
62:9-11,.... 9:84, 9:113-114.
6. lH (^#~) :- 4:103, 7:180, 13:28, 52:48-49, 2:152, 57:16.
7. ^P ("_ H) :- 2:186, 2:200-202,.... 40:60,.... 1:1-7, 2:286, 3:8-9, 3:16, 3:
26-27, 3:53, 3:191-194, 5:83, 7:126, 18:10, 23:109, 25:65-66, 25:74, 59:10,
60: 4-5, 20:25-28, 21:87, 20:114, 21:89, 23:97-98, 26:83, 26:85, 26:87, 27:19,
46:15, 71:28, 3:38, 43:13-14.
8. Ô KO~ :- 5:67, 2:159, 2:44, 8:25, 3:104, 7:199, 26:214, 6:69-70,.... 6:108,
88:2122, 2:256, 6:51, 29:46, 16:125,.... 80:1-12, 6:52,.... 9:122.
23. ^#Ô ([H`, L+ =QO) :

1. J=H~ K*OH =~^ ^#~ K e :- 2:254, 64:16, 2:270, 34:39.
2. < i`#~ =~KH~ _ :- 2:245, 2:268-269, 47:36-38, 34:39, 59:9, 57:10-11,
2:195, 57:23-24, 4:37, 3:180, 9:75-77, 17:100, 104:1-4, 9:34-35.
3. ^#jO :- 2:261, 2:265, 2:264, 2:266, 3:117.
4. ^<^ ~ :- 2:272, 3:115, 2:265, 2:274, 2:271, 2:262-264, 30:39, 92:17-20.
5. U~ YO>e, Z~` YO>e?:- 2:219, 2:267, 3:92, 6:141, 65:7, 17:29, 9:79.
6. ^#HO Q :- 9:60, 2:273, 2:215, 90:9-11.
7. H@
q:- 9:75-78, 17:100, 9:53-55, 4:38, 17:29.... ^ :- 2:83.
8. ^#
~ :- 92:5-12, 92:17-21, 104:1-4, 9:34-35.
9. iO~ :- 5:89, 58:3-4, 2:196, 5:95, 2:184.
24. L" =` : 2:183-187,.... 97:1-5.
25. * ` :
1. H Q$~ :- 3:96-97, 22:25, 105:105, 2:126-127.
2. *, L= :- 2:196, 2:158, 2:198-200, 2:203, 22:28-29, 22:33.
3. W~ x+k` :- 2:196, 5:1-2, 5:94-95,.... 2:198.
26. =~O~ :
758
q+ îx1
Y~P< "=$Ò
1. Ô =` # q :- 2:168, 5:87, 5:5, 5:1, 5:4, 5:96.

2. JÔ # q (x+k`) :- 2:173, 6:121, 5:96, 6:146, 5:3, 5:100.
3. YOh (|e^#~) :- 22:34, 22:36-37.
27. <uH q^#~ (huG~) :

1. Ô} hu :- 91:7-10, 45:23, 20:82, 23:51, 23:57-61, 28:84, 53:31, 17:7, 29:7,
4:149, 29:58,.... 5:2, 2:237, 16:90, 29:58.
2. J~HO~ :- 38:73-77, 40:35, 31:18-19, 53:32, 16:49-50, 17:37.
3. J` ~ :- 16:104-105, 22:30, 45:7, 61:2-3, 7:33, 2:42.
4. Q#~, X~^~, u[, =} :- 17:34, 6:152, 16:95, 16:91-92, 2:224-225,
225, 5:89, 5:7.
5. <~, H ~, x*f :- 5:42, 5:8, 4:135,.... 8:27, 4:58, 4:2, 4:107.
6. Jx~^, K_ :- 4:148, 49:12, 47:12, 104:1,.... 4:112, 24:19, 24:16.
7. xH=e# =@, Ô YO :- 2:108, 5:101-102,.... 6:141, 17:26-27.
8. =^~, E^~ :- 2:219, 4:43, 5:90-91, 5:100.
9. Jj~, =aKO~ :- 42:37, 5:100, 24:30,.... 17:32, 23:5-7, 24:3, 24:2,.... 24:
5-9,....7:80-81.
10. J ^ :- 4:54, 3:161.
11. J#=<, =^~`, QQ :- 49:12, 17:36,...49:6, 4:83,...58:8-9, 4:108.
12. ~, `, fHO~ :- 4:29-30, 17:33, 5:27-32, 4:92-93, 2:178-179.
13. OH iO~ :- 49:11,.... 2:231,.... 4:140.
14. ~ :- 4:86, 4:94, 24:61, 24:27.
15. H= }, `~ , H= =O# ~ :- 2:160, 24:30-31, 2:222, 47:19, 3:89-90, 4:
17-18, 4:48,.... 24:22, 45:14, 4:149, 42:37, 42:40, 42:43.
16. ^$H^~ :- 2:83, 30:38, 31:14, 46:15, 5:2, 2:237, 2:215, 2:273, 2:262, 17:26.
17. ^= cu :- 3:102, 2:197, 2:194, 2:150, 2:233-235, 8:29, 65:4-5, 65:2, 4:130-131,
...57:16.
18. #~, O ` ~, ^= ~ O~ :- 41:30, 46:13-14, 2:153, 3:186, 73:10, 16:96,
29:69, 26:217, 12:87, 18:23-24, 46:36, 46:43, 16:126-128.
19. =~zx ~K, K_ # `~K:- 7:157,9:71, 9:112, 22:41, 16:125, 41:33-35, 23:96.
20. = Ò @ =O# :- 6:108, 4:105, 41:34, 60:8, 31:14-15, 4:86, 4:94.
21. =#`~ :- 49:10, 49:13.
Y~P< "=$Ò
28. =lH rq`~ :
q+ îx1
759
1. =eH q+ :- 4:1, 16:90-91, 2:83.

2. q" |~^~ :- 42:11, 51:49, 36:36,.... 4:23, 4:22, 4:24,.... 4:25, 4:20-21, 4:3,
4:127, 24:32-33,.... 5:5, 24:3, 24:26,.... 60:10-11, 33:37,.... 2:221.
3. H@~| rq`~ :- 4:32, 4:34, 2:228,.... 4:128-130, 4:34-35, 4:19,....2:187, 2:222223,.....64:14-15, 66:6,..... 66:3-4.
4. H@~| x~`} :- 42:49-50, 6:140, 6:151, 17:31, 41:10,.... 81:8-9, 81:14, 43:18,
53:21-22, 16:57-59.
5. O^ == :- 24:30-31, 33:55, 33:32-33, 33:59, 33:53.
6. ` ~$` :- 7:26, 7:31-32,....24:27-29, 33:53, 33:59, 49:4-5,....24:58,
24:59,... 58:11, 31:19, 51:9,... 4:86, 24:61, 24:27.
7. q_H (`M) :- 2:226-232,....2:233......2:234-235, 2:240-241....2:236-237...
33:49, 65:1-6.....58:2-4.
8. è^ ~ _, |~^ = :- 31:14, 46:15-17, 17:23-24, 31:15..... 4:36, 8:75, 33:6,
4:19-20.
9.
H, ^ ` :- 4:4, 4:19, 4:20, 4:7, 4:11, 4:12... 4:15-17.... 4:32-34,
....4:127-130... 9:71-72, 33:35.... 2:229.
10. =~ O O ~|~^ :- 49:13, 3:102, 3:103, 3:105, 2:213, 49:9-10,......
49:11-12, ...8:73.
29. PiH q^#~ :

1. [H`, L+ :- 2:254, 14:30, 2:219, 21:73, 98:5, 2:110, 2:277, 9:18, 9:71,....9:60,
2:273, 2:245, 2:267, 6:141.
2. P ~H~ , g<= :- 4:5,... 4:7-14, 4:177, 33:4, 33:6, 4:8-9,... 5:106-108,
2:184,... 2:180-182 (O^ ) .
3. =O ( ^# ~) :- 4:4, 4:24, 4:19-21, 2:240-241, 60:10-11.
4. J<^
= :- 4:2, 4:6, 4:10, 4:127, 2:220.
5. JH=(JÔ ) ~^# :- 4:29-30, 2:188, 2:283-284, 5:38-39, 4:10, 83:1-7,
24:19, 31:6, 24:33, 5:90, 2:275, 2:278-280,.... 38:24.
6. =_, JC :- 2:275-276, 2:278-281, 30:39,.... 2:282-283.
7. "O~ :- 4:29-30, 2:188, 55:7-9, 83:1-7, 7:85, 26:181-182, 17:35,... 9:28, 11:6,
... 42:27, 11:87.
760
q+ îx1
Y~P< "=$Ò
8. =O` (J<, ) :- 8:69, 8:41,.... 59:6-10.

9. ^# qH~nHO}
:- 3:180, 9:34-45, 104:1-9, 59:7, ..... 2:219, 9:60, 6:141, 8:41,
59:7, 4:7-14, 4:176.
10. PiH =#O qxQ~ :-23:51, 17:26-27, 17:29, 25:67, 4:5, 11:87, 2:2679.
11. ^#Ô :- (23= J^~ K_~_)
30. O[H q^#~ :

1. ^=x O=`~ :- 30:26, 32:5, 25:2, 36:83, 21:23, 13:41, 23:88, 35:13,
17:111, 40:12, 18:26, 7:54, 5:44-47, 3:26, 45:27, 43:85, 4:64, 4:105, 5:48-50,
12:40, 33:36,.... 3:154, 42:10.
2. i# :- 4:58, 3:159, 42:38, 4:59,.... 23:88-89.
3. ~O}, O[H ~ :- 22:41, 3:110, 9:71, 9:112.
4. =#= (^q H) H :- 5:32, 17:33,.... 2:188, 4:29,.... 49:11,... 49:12, 24:27,
....5:79, 7:165, 2:190,... 10:99, 2:256,.... 6:108,.. 49:6, 17:36, 4:58, 51:19, 28:45,
....4:148, 3:110, 3:104-105.
5. ~ H <~ :- 5:8, 57:25, 8:7475.
6. < == (<O~ -tH) :
< ^$H^~ :- 4:105-111, 4:65, 4:135, 5:8, 38:20-23.
H ~ :- 5:106-108, 24:4-9, 2:282.
Ô#
~ :- 42:39-43, 22:60.
` :- 5:32, 17:33, 2:178-179, 4:92-93.
uOQ@, H :- 5:33-34, 2:217, 8:3940, 9:3233,
=aKO~ :- 17:32, 24:2, 4:25, (4:15-16 O^ )
^~Q`#
~ :- 5:38. ({) Jx~^ :- 24:4-9.
7. =#=x (^= uxk) :- 17:70, 22:65, 2:29, 16:4-18,.... 2:30-39, 15:28-43,
.... 7:129, 38:26, 6:57, 3:26, 6:165, 33:72,... 7:3, 6:163, 24:55.
8. uOQx K> :- 7:54, 33:36, 24:47-50, 5:44-47, 42:10, 5:49-50.
9. H, JkHO :- 2:124, 26:151-152, 49:13-14, 12:55-56, 4:83, 4:58-59,
38:26, 24:62.
10. =~_e :- 42:38, 3:159.....(*=~) 6:116,117....38:20-23.
11. q^~Q hu :- 16:91-92, 9:7/4, 8:72/58, 5:8, 4:90, 8:61, 60:8-9, 2:194.
12. l^ (Ô O@~) :- J^~-31 (l^) K_~_.
Y~P< "=$Ò
q+ îx1
761
13. =~ =^ ^ ~ :- 2:142, 3:92, 3:104, 3:110, 4:95.

14. JkH ~MH, J~MH :- 6:116-117.
31. l^ (Ô ^~ ) :
1. P , HO} :- 2:216, 4:75, 2:191, 2:194, 22:40-41, 8:56-58, 2:217, 4:91,
9:13-15,..... 8:25, 8:39.
2. O}, `:- 61:10-11, 4:74, 2:218, 3:157, 3:160, 4:76, 4:95-96....4:77-78,
9:44....3:142-143, 2:214, 3:111, 9:38-40, 8:24, 47:35, 9:19-20...2:154.
3. ^ < :- 9:41, 9:123, 8:47, 33:22, 4:71, 8:60, 3:200.
4. ` xOHO}
H ^= tH :- 8:30-37, 47:32, 47:34, 8:19, 48:25.
5. O}O~Q~:- 8:15-16, 33:15-16,..47:4-5, 61:4, 2:250, 8:65-66,..4:102-103,..2:190,
...33:10-11, 3:139-141, 4:104, 3:144-150, 3155, 3:165-166, 3:169-171.
6. H@
q :- 9:86-87, 9:44-45, 48:11, 33:13, 33:18-20, 9:46-48, 9:81-83,
3:167-168, 3:154,... 4:89,... 8:49, 47:20-22,... 4:141, 48:15-16.
7. z` kQ
q :- 8:74-75, 9:120-121, 9:91-92, 9:111, ...48:10, 9:100, 9:102103, 48:18-21.
8. Q}O~ :- 8:37, 3:13.
9. ^= ~ :- 3:122, 3:125, 3:160, 8:11-13, 8:17, 8:18, 8:43, 8:44, 9:25-26,
22:62, 33:25, 8:42
10. q sH: - 47:31, 8:6-9, 3:152, 3:165, 3:166, 3:172/175, 8:48, 33:23-24, 9:16.
11. [` (=) :- 8:74, 4:97-100, 9:20-22.. 22:40.
12. X~^~ L~ # :- 8:56-58, 8:61-62, 9:1/2/4/5, 4:90, 9:7-12, 4:91.
13. x+^= L~ # :- 9:36-37, 2:194.
14. ^, H@
Ô :- 59:11-14, 59:2-3, 9:107-110.
15. ^ Mn , =O ` :- 8:67-70, 9:6,....8:41, 8:69, 59:6-10.
16. ~|~^ :- 41:34-35, 60:7-9, 5:55-56, 8:71, 58:22, 9:119, 3:28.
17. `=x `=Q< K_e:- 2:109, 2:105, 3:100, 5:49/51, 3:118,....60:9/13, 3:28,
9:23-24, 5:57-58, 18:28, 8:73,....5:82,....3:118-120, 4:89.
18. SH=`~ :- 3:103, 3:105, 2:213,....49:9-10,....8:45-46, 8:65-66, 8:73.
32. q Q}Q} :
1. |k=~` :- 39:17-18, 13:19-24, 2:164, 3:7, 16:12, 28:60, 30:28, 36:68.
2. [# , Ô# XH>H ^ :- 38:28, 59:18-20, 32:15-18, 39:9, 39:22,.98:6-7,
762
q+ îx1
Y~P< "=$Ò
28:61, 40:58, 47:13-15, 59:18-20.

3. U=O@H QiHxO :- 57:16, 63:9, 7:201, 24:36-37.
4. O
H "O~ :- 9:111-112, 2:207, 35:29-30.
5. x["# q ([# ) :- 49:15, 8:1-4, 22:41, 24:55, 28:54-55, 33:35,...
31:2-5, 70:19-35, 32:15-17, 42:37-43.
6. ^= cuO :- 3:15-17, 3:133-136, 23:57-61,...35:28,...51:15-19, 50:31-34, 39:23.
7. ^ #Q ~ ~Ô :- 9:71-72, 9:99-100, 24:56.
8. O < H
:- 25:63-68, 25:72-76.
9.
~ ~Ô:- 2:3-5, 23:1-11, 23:57-61, 33:35,...42:36-39, 42:43, 79:40,
22:77-78.
10. *#H~u ~Ô :- 24:35-38, 39:22.
11. =$^`~ - Hi#~ :- 5:54, 48:29.
12. #jO :- 22:34-35, 29:58-59, 42:43, 103:1-3.
13. [# a+ :- 3:110, 2:143.
14. =~ O O ~|~^ :- 3:103-105, 4:59, 49:9-10, 58:11.
33. Jq H} :
1. ` uOO :- 98:6, 2:161-162, 3:91, 7:186, 2:6-7,...8:31-33, 17:45-46, 6:25,...
..10:96-97, 8:55, 11:8, 25:21-22, 34:35, 8:50-51.
2. |^ O^H :- 39:45, 39:67, 2:170-171,....6:148, 23:75-77, 34:43, 24:3940,
....22:11-13, 28:57.
3. QO^ [ (^) :- 3:21-22, 2:174-175, 2:84-86, 4:150-151, 3:78, 4:4954, 3:181-182, 42:14, 45:16-17, 98:4-5, 3:75, 3:113114, 3:199.
4. QO^ [ (H = ) :- 4:171, (5:17-18, 72-75, 8284, 116-118), 19:88-95, 57:2627, 3:5253.
4. H@
:- 2:8-20, 2:26-27, 9:124-125,...4:72-73, 4:141, 47:20-30, 9:42, 9:50-51,
9:56-58, 9:66-68,.... 4:65-66, 24:48-50,.... 58:8,.... 9:97-98, 49:14/17, 63:7,
83:29-32, 4:62-63, 4:142-243, 63:1-6, 107:4-7.
5. =<~K ^ :- 23:71, 14:13, 7:175-176, 25:43, 28:50.
6. |k # :- 8:22-23, 2:142, 7:179, 7:175-176.
7. ÔO
(HHO) :- 2:204-206, 25:60, 31:6-7, 41:26.
8. HO@H, `K :- 74:11-26, 68:10-16, 6:93.
Y~P< "=$Ò
q+ îx1
763
9. *` L`# `< :-7:69, 26:128-129, 26:146-149,....8:53, 13:11, 10:96-98,

11:116-117, 15:4-5, 17:16-17, 32:26, 35:45, 40:82, 50:36, 50:39, 20:128.
34. ^ PQ_ :
1. ^ HO, ^= `= :- 2:40-41, 2:47, 2:49-50, 2:53, 2:55-57, 4:47.
2. =} ~ Q :- 2:83-85, 2:93, 3:187, 4:153-155, 2:65-66, 7:169.
3. *`~HO~ (` xOHO}
) :- 2:89-91, 2:94-95, 5:18, 3:70-71.
4. Q~^ =O, =H
~O~:-2:61, 2:84-87, 2:101, 5:70-71, 4:157,...3:75,..
..10:93, 3:77-78, 5:44-47, 2:75, 3:183.
5. YOP<@
, =H @
"Y
i :-3:23-24/69-73, 4:46, 5:41-43, 5:59-60, 2:75-79.
6. ^=x P~H
:- 4:160-161.
7. W~ Qi~z [Q_~ :- 2:135/130/139/140, 2:111-113, 3:65-69, 98:1-5.
8. Q
:- 5:60/64-66/78-79, 7:167-188, 3:112, 5:12-13,....2:161, 3:87-90.
9. "i =`Q O= :- 5:61-63, 5:79, 9:34.
10. ^= ^` @ "Y
i :- 2:96-98.
11. [# :- 3:199, 3:113-114, 32:24, 4:162.
12. HHO :- 17:4-7, 5:62-63, 5:64.
35. q*#G~ (#) :

1. H;r=, H ^ :-2:26, 16:5-8, 16:66/80/79/68/69, 23:21-22, 67:19.
2. [~@ :- 43:12, 36:36, 51:49,... 4:1.
3. =#= ^ xO}~ :- 30:20, 15:26,...86:5-7, 77:20-23, 16:4,...16:78, 39:6, 3:6,
23:14, 22:5, 40:67,...29:14,...67:23, 10:31,...51:21, 23:78-79, 6:46.
4. qxO}~ :- 10:3, 11:7, 22:47, 21:30, 41:9-12.
5. q :- 27:61, 43:10,....81:6, 41:9,10.
6. OK~^ :- 21:33, 16:12, 31:29-30, 41:37, 2:189, 10:5,...54:1.
7. PH~ (Q , #H `) :- 50:6, 36:40,....67:1, 67:3-4.
8. P^ xH iHO :- 55:25, 30:41.
9. Q ~Ò " :- 65:12, 16:49, 42:29,....(l<)6:128, 15:27.
764
q+ îx2
Y~P< "=$Ò
2. q+ îx (O~_= Q~)

1. P^~ (J )-Pk=#=_ :
1. =#=$+ =`$+r qQ:-2:30-34, 38:75-76, 7:13-15, 15:39-42, 7:18, 38:84,55.
2. kq #~_ qH :- 2:135, 20:117-121, 2:36-39, 7:19-25.
3. ~`#~ J~`H~ :- 5:27-31.
2. Wn (J ) :- 19:56-57, 21:86.
3. # (J ) :
1. ~^ KO~, *u"= Y~:- 71:1-4, 26:107-109, 7:60-63, 26:111-116, 10:71-72,
23:24-25.
2. ^=x xk =H O ^ :- 71:5-24, 71:26-28.
3. ^=x P[, `# F_ :- 11:3637, 23:27-29, 11:38-44, 11:45-48.
4. W~, W (J ) :
1. ~^ KO~, *u"= Y~:- 16:120-122, 6:74-79, 29:16-18, 6:80-82, 26:70- .
88, 37:85-87.
2. Jy sH :- 21:51-57, 37:88-92, 21:58, 37:94, 21:59-68, 37:97, 21:69-70.
3. OA` >
:- 2:258.
4. `~_` O ~ :- 19:42-48, 9:114.
5. q<H` ~, #s=# sH :- 2:124, 2:260.
6. ^= ^`, ~`# O :- 11:69-70, 15:53-56, 51:29, 11:72-73, 15:57-60, .
19:49, 37:100-101.
7. |e^#~, HxO}~ :- 37:102-110, 2:127-129, 14:35, 2:126, 14:35-41.
8. W ^= =HQ :- 19:54-55.
5. ` (J ) :
1. KO~, *u= Y~:-26:160-164, 7:80-81, 29:29, 26:167-168, 7:82, 26:169.
2. ^= ^ÒH, ^= tH :- 11:77-79, 15:70-72, 11:80-81, 15:73-77.
6. W M (J ) :- 11:71, 15:53, 12:38, 12:6.
7. Y (J ) :- 11:71, 12:6, 12:18, 12:94-98.
8. (J ) :
1. ~, =u Ô H@ :- 12:4-18.
2. Dl
Jr* =~u W~@ :- 12:19-34.
3. HOQO~ Ô KO~ :- 12:35-53
Y~P< "=$Ò
q+ îx2
765
4. Dl O*k<` Q :- 12:54-101
9. ^ (J ) :
1. ~^ KO~, *u"= Y~ :- 7:65-70, 11:52-57.
2. =H ~, ^= tH :- 7:71, 41:15, 46:24-25, 41:16, 7:72.
10. +S (J ) :
1. ~^ KO~, *u ki~ :- 7:85-87, 11:87-93, 26:185-188, 7:88-90.
2. ^ Q ~, H$ u H~ :- 11:94-95, 26:189-190, 7:91-95.
11. e (J ) :
1. = H ^, *u uOO~ :- 11:61-63, 7:74, 26:143-154, 27:46-47, 7:75-76,
54:24-26.
2. LR sH, ^= tH :- 27:48-50, 54:27-29, 7:77-79.
12. =, O< (J ) :
1. @H, +}, <OO} :- 28:4-6, 28:7-13, 28:14-21.
2. =^< o, èkq+$u :-28:22-29, 20:10, 28:30, 27:8, 20:12-20, 28:31,
27:10-11, 20:21, 28:32-33, 20:25-29, 28:34, 20:31-36, 28:35, 20:37-44.
3. ~^ KO~, O <` >
: -20:45-46,79:18-19, 20:47-48,...7:104-105, 20:49-55,
26:18-28.
4. =~`*~, =~uH qH@
#:-26:29-37, 20:57-59,10:76-78, 79:23-24,
20:60,...26:38-42, 20:61-69, 10:80-81, 7:117-122, 7:123, 26:49, 20:71, 26:50-51,
20:72-76, 7:126, 7:127-129.
5. J#KO , H$ u q`
:- 10:82-86, 10:87-88, 7:130-135.
6. MO< ^# QO ~ :- 28:76-82.
7. XH q L^ ~ :-40:25-27, 40:28-35, 40:36-37, 40:38-45, 66:11 (P ).
8. *<O# #~, d[O == :- 18:60-70, 18:71-76, 18:77-82.
9. O < O =#~:- 43:51-54, 44:19-22, 20:77,....26:52-66, 20:79, 44:29, 10:91.
10. WbH `^ :- 7:104, 7:138-141, 14:7-8.
11. Wb ^=x J#Q :- 7:160, 2:61, 7:161-162.
12. ÒH~_ Ò` HO}
:- 7:142, 20:83-84, 7:143-146.
13. O< O "H}
Wb :- 20:85, 7:148, 20:86-89, 20:90-91, 7:150,
20:92-94, 7:150-151, 20:95-98, 7:154.
14. ^ àO`#~ :- 7:155, 2:55, 7:155-156, 2:56.
766
q+ îx2
Y~P< "=$Ò
15. Q[~, |` x=~ :- 2:67-74, 2:63-64,....7:163, 2:65-66.

16. ^x OHO}
:- 5:20-26,....2:243.
13. ^=^ (J ) :
1. `` x=H~, ^=^ Ku *` =^ :- 2:246-248, 2:248-251.
2. ^=x =O, <"# fO :- 38:17-20, 21:80, 38:20, 21:78, 38:21-26.
14. =< (J ) :
1. ^=x =O, ` J^ :- 27:16-17, 34:12, 38:36, 38:37-38, 34:13,
38:31-35, 27:17-19.
2. =_~y@ ~^~ , O}` >
:- 27:20-28, 27:29-37, 27:38-44, 34:14.
15. W (J ) :- 37:123-129, 37:130, 6:85.
16. J J (J ) :- 38:48, 6:86.
17. J (J ) :- 21:8384, 38:41-44, 6:84, 4:163.
18. # (J ) :- 37:139, 21:87, 37:140-142, 21:87-88, 37:145-148,
37:143-144.
19. AH (J ) :- 38:48, 21:84-85.
20. [Hi(J ) :- 19:2-3, 3:37-38,19:4-6, 3:39, 19:7, 3:40, 19:9, 3:40,41.
21. =O~ (J ) :- 3:35-37, 3:42-43, 19:16-21, 19:22-26, 19:27-33.
22. (J ) :- 19:2-11, 3:38-41, 19:12-15.
23. D = (J ) :- 3:42-43, 3:45-49, 19:16-21, 19:22-26, 19:27,
19:33,....43:63-64, 3:52-53, 5:112-115, 57:27, 3:54-55.
24. d[O (J ) :- 18:60-70, 18:71-77, 18:78-82.
25. M< (J ) :- 31:12-13, 31:16-19.
26. AYO<< (J ) :- 18:83-88, 18:89-91, 18:92-98.
27. L*O (J ) :- 2:259.
28. =QO =H, XH q :- 36:13-19, 36:20-27, 36:28-30.
29. Q " :- 18:9-17, 18:18-21, 18:22-26.
30. `@ [=# :- 68:17-32,.... 18:32-43.
31. JQ_ k` :- 85:4-7.
32. *u [ :- 34:15-19.
33. E*, =E* `Q :- 18:94-98, 21:96-97, 18:99.
Y~P< "=$Ò
767
768
Y~P< "=$Ò
J#^ ~
=< Me^ ~h Qi OÔ
k=Y~P< JOu= ^= QOÔ , =Q QOÔ . Wk `# ^= Ok` =\_ J~c
+ J=ìOz< =` =#"oH =~^ ~ #O K O k. JOK` nx O^x [OîH
"i + J#=kOz JO^*
e# ^ ` =O LOk. =# Ô x J<H +
`Q XH =Y"# +. D+ =\_" ~ PO^ ^
< QO_ Ô x W`~ ~,
q^ _ ZO^~ L<~. Hx WO\ + Wg Ò `y#O` H =_O
KhO. U"< D ~OQO xK # "~ =` =O `~ # Ja#O^h.
D q+ O J| W~< Qi H$+ ZO` =Y"# k. P# =Oz îH =#` O
HeyLO_@O` @, Wg P ^# HO ~_`# Q =~ ^ . Q P#
~ " # KH \ `Q ~~x _ < èOk. P# Y~P<x, =h ==^
(O ) rq`Ki `# J#=kOz `Q [ JO^*
_xH K# H$+ ZO` O h
"# k. <# g\x W`~ K` KkqOz q<#. ZO` PH^ H" # f~ ~K# Q~...
WO\ =`~ = K# O^ <# J|W~< Qix Ja#Ok< #. PH ~ P#
=# Pî~x , P# H$+ `Q"i $^ # K~QO@O^x Pt< #.
(O)..... (J^ ),J =^ Pe J Wq, ^~^5
HO}=_, H$QO_# J O` O~~

H H =# J = ~ H JO_ . P# =H ()H
~f HQH. ÔKO~ Z~` +"# x. Wk ^=~Ô xO~z#
Q }HO~. i ^ D =HO~ ^[` Ô`H O`~ a~z~k.
*u, , =O~ , =O~ =QO Z~> q=H H ~_ nx O =#=~îH J~^* ,
Jx Ô PkH` Hey=~_ <H#^ ^^~.
W~> Ô KO ` ''YOP< =$`~ O` g =~^# D `Q
J#^~ H_ XH>. P~^ ^x 8 H@ [<H JkHO +# `Q k=
YOP<x J#=k~z J| WO< QO F =Ò HO~ k~KO. W~^ P#
q# =KO~ J~^*O. <h Q~^x H}~Q ije~K#.
Ô J| WO< QO `Q J<H H J#=k~z J#^ H
Z~` J#=~ Q_~KO. P# <# a+, =~z`<# H_ K#.
U"# >H ^=_ O= q`_, =~ Ziy#_. ^=_ P# =# Hi~z,
P# =H `y# OH u~ k~KQH! ^=_ <H, J| WO< QiH,
WÒ =#~k =~H He~Kx i<#.
(~)- ==^ J L=i J| J|
Y~P< "=$Ò
769
"^
_` =yOK^H =ê
@x
^~"H #= =Ou
J~KH ==# =i"#
==^
= H
`Q
=^ ~\`, ^` |^=`~^# , [O`|, =_
#=H` J~KHOQ `~# J~ OKx LîOK_xH J=ìOz#
^=^` ==^ =H. q$OY rq`xH J"@_ J~ [
z#<\ #O_ Ò^`, ~H~O, ^Q}O =O\ `=~#`
`#HO@ XH `H`` ==^ =H JOîh PHiOK QeQ_. O
#OK QO|~ ==^ K@H ^ "_O, "i r=# iè
ijeOK_O, ~H~H îH PK~# Q=xOK_O [iyOk. ~KiH ^_
q^<x, x q^#O g^ P^~ _ ==# =~=# J=~x
QiOK_. =H ~` |x kHiOz, "i =`x H^x F
H` =`x, =`==# "@_xH uOK_. P =`" <_
OK"OQ qiOz# 'WO Jx `HOQ K#=~O ^.
770
Y~P< "=$Ò
Bio-data of the Author
[ Name of the Founder Chairman:

ABUL IRFAN
[ Columnist in PRABODHINI monthly:
10/1976 to 6/1978
[ Columnist in GEETURAI weekly:
1/1979 to 5/1980
[ Sub-Editor in GEETURAI weekly:
6/1980 to 4/1987
[ Incharge Editor in GEETURAI monthly:
5/1987 to 12/1995
[ Sub-Editor in GEETURAI weekly:
1/1996 to 8/1996
[ Editor in GEETURAI weekly:
9/1996 to 4/1997
[ Free lance Editor for GEETURAI weekly:
5/1997 to date
[ Founder Chairman and Planning Advisor of I.R.C: 10/1997 to date
In addition, did translation of the following books published from
various organisations.
S.No. Name of the book
1. Alloolu wal marzan
publisher
Al-Haq Telugu Publications, Hyd-2
2. Islamic fiqh Volume-I&II
---do---
=h ==^
3. Al Haj wal Umrah
Cuddapah Islamic Welfare Society
P^~ rqÒ
4. Tahreek Islami Kamiyabike Sharayat
S.I.O., Hyd
OH#O: J| W~<
5. Jumua ke Khuthbe
Telugu Islamic Publications, Hyd-2
` : WqH i~ O@~
K` |*~, ^~^2
": ~. 150/
6. Khudaayi Waada
7. Islam ki taalim
8. Banav Bigad
9. Seerath ka paigham
---do-----do-----do-----do---
==^ =H =`^_ HH OO~ _. ^~#_Q,

=~_Q, ^_Q, =HQ QO|~ ==^ rq`x Q^<x
è* QO^qk. U_= `xH ~O J~ OK PiH, ~[H,
=lH, O$uH Ki`# D HO è*Ok. =O HO_
="`~ _ ==^ =H QiOz ` H=_xH D HO
=}H QOÔQ LQ_Òk. D Hx H=su,
O^~e fikk# f~ OhO. Ki`, O$u, =` QiOz
PH L#"~ J^#O Ke# HO.
H.. JH =~ ('"~ k#uH10.7.2005)
The books published so by IRC are as follows:

(1) Meening of the Holy Qur'an (full-V): P-904 (Released by Moulana
Abdul Azeez, JIH, on 14-3-04)
(2) Ideal life of the Prophet (p): P-504 (Released by Justice Sardar Ali
Khan on 14-3-04)................. (3) Journey of the Hear after life: P-224
(4) Muslim Woman : P-240...... (5) Decentralisation of Wealth : P-224 3.
(6) Promissed Messaiah P-50...... (7) The Message of "Kaaba" : P-224
+ 9104066710795, + 919441515414

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594 Holy Quran Telugu

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H~}=_, H$Q~_~# J ~`

The Meaning of Holy Qur'an-Telugu)

Y~< WO=` =}H QO^O . k=Y~< ==^ =H ^~

Y~< JO^iH JO^@x HO HO`=Ok ~~

H.. JH =~ ('"~ k#uH22.5.2005)

Qur'an Bhavamrutham (Telugu)

(2) S.M. Quadri, HeadMaster

Qaari Muhammed Aarifuddin

Editing and Proof reading:

(1) Abdul Wahed

Opinion On Over all Translation: (1) S.M. Mallick, Editor

All rights reserved with:

Islamic Resource Centre

Second Edition- (1000 Copies):

Third Edition- (1000 Copies):

Fourth Edition- (2000 Copies):

Islamic Resource Centre

Type set by:

Alifain, Geeturai Graphics

Cosmic Printers, Lakkad kot,

=QO^O q` Y~P<x K^=_O, J~O KH=_O, ^x P^

Opinions of Famous Scholars:

78. OK<`H "~ (#)

(2) q~= z (~=*)

Q~kH +< =~k. HH` O~_ J#^` e` D J#"^~ H

Q~^ OK#H `__# W`O H

#~_ Z~^H H_HH `<#? < P` J` P P`# ^ ~

~_" k=YOP<. ==^ =hx (~) J=`i~z# D

^O Z< Q~^# J=`i~* _. z=iiQ ==^ =H (~ )

`# "^q, Hq. `#H =~zK_, ``# qKH}K

HH` D Q~^~ ^= "} H^ Jx J#=#~ _" iH ~Q

r=+ <>H OH`~

JnQH W~ O~H ~ #~K #=* YOP< H

W O~=~k ^=~^=`O} (kq+$u). P `O`

L^t ~K F qt+ Q~^O [~.

D J^x ''u (O~~) J~>O. J~> k=YOP<H Wk

HO }=_, H$QO _# J O` O~~ .

xH `~#i =O" =H K~K. (4-7)

PkH` L# K>H J=OO QqH_@~ [~. H#H PkH` Hey

D J^x ''|YO (Q=) J~>O. WO^x J`kH H

HO }=_, H$QO _# ^=x O` O~~

H_ qO . J~> ^= cuO `= = #~_ =z# OA=O~

ZC_< i`, ~K~ H OHu~KH~_x J~>, ''"=

x~yx HC Q K_. #~_ =Ox Hi~K_ H_ P<. P =O~

`x q~z#O (W~> L^O} ^O) Wk `= = #~_

===# z<a#~ K, OH`xH =_Q>_ H~ xq~?

P~` "= P^~H W K=: ''h=, hO O~ x=~K~_.

J=HHO_. < PQ ~ #~_ ` ~KH~_. `x J` ~`

(O, gH"< W|~^~>) #~, O# ^O (<) x

=# HH=L~^x, P# xkH =Oe= L~^x q~K

~HO" # _ Q g =z_~ k. ^~` gO~` =$`` _O .

J` "= K# "H =@ H$`A L~>Ox q=e =m

^#^O~ Q~_ "t#C_ ~Q_ 'H=aH, H=aH J~@

=i~ _O. J~^=< W ^=x PQ ~ i qOKH_~ k. (61)

"i` =~_x g = P^t< _x J<_ =. (69)

i H~^O xOHO H_ L<O. iH Q~^* #~ uQ

iO? J` g J~> ^OH _iH tHQ WH

^xH |^Q "~ `= J~`O`# J=H<O Jk O=

~k< Jk ix (#OH) tH #~_ =`~ `~K ^. O K#

^ [ x^ P K`| _ = H_ Z=iH Z~> #+~ >k H^.

O~ =# (^) J_y#@=~> (xH=e#) ,

k<# ^=_ fOK_ . (JC_ ` x*x*). (113)

J~^ ^x~K_xH, "Hi_xH, ~Q_ >

k~K Jx J<_. ^xH =^#~Q ''(D =< ~ K

k<# ^=_ fOK_ . (JC_ ` xx). (113)