UPSTREAM UNIT 5 KEY I.

I. fully-fledged, holistic, incidence, insight, makeshift, mild, niggling, noxious, plank, probe, proponent, recall, ravage, scourge, thereby, yield
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16.

He redesigned the process, thereby saving the company thousands of dollars. After seven years of training she's now a fully-fledged doctor. Poverty is one of the reasons for the high incidence of crime in this district. Steinem has always been a strong proponent of women's rights. You don't happen to recall his name, do you? You can often find an ant colony by looking under large flat stones, planks of wood or rubble lying on the soil. Using an old tree-trunk as a makeshift table, we ate our picnic. Gun violence is the scourge of my daughter's generation. His health was gradually ravaged by drink and drugs. Our research has only recently begun to yield important results. We help troubled teenagers gain some insight into their own problems. I'm tired of the doctors poking and probing me with needles and tubes. The course aims to develop in students a holistic approach to design. I couldn't shake off a niggling worry. Had I forgotten to lock the office door? The doctor thinks Geri has a mild concussion. Residents have to put up with noxious fumes from the nearby factory. thereby = with the result that something else happens fully-fledged = completely developed, trained, or established incidence = the number of times something happens, especially crime, disease proponent = someone who supports something or persuades people to do something recall = remember a particular fact, event, or situation from the past plank = a long narrow piece of wooden board, used especially for making structures to walk on makeshift = made to be used for a short time only when nothing better is available scourge = something that causes a lot of harm or suffering ravage = to damage something very badly yield = to produce a result, answer, or piece of information insight = a sudden clear understanding of something or part of something, especially a complicated situation or idea probe = to ask questions in order to find things out, especially things that other people do not want you to know holistic = considering a person or thing as a whole, rather than as separate parts niggling = a slight doubt etc that you cannot stop thinking about mild = a mild illness or health problem is not serious noxious = harmful or poisonous

II. Give the English equivalent: 1. cheag de sange clot

1

2. comotie concussion 3. luxatie sprain 4. indispozitie, durere usoara ailment 5. gamba calf 6. timpan eardrum 7. a gafai gasp 8. incheietura, articulatie a degetului knuckle 9. coapsa thigh 10. fiola vial 11. salon ward 12. batatura, basica blister 13. taietura gash 14. eruptie rash III.
1.

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. IV.
1.

lab tests medical history passive smoking allergic reaction respiratory infection vitamin intake strenuous activity

2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

fatal, contagious disease congenital, chronic condition serious, slight dizziness holistic, conventional medicine speedy, miraculous recovery multiple, internal injuries superficial, flesh wound emergency, on-going treatment

V. Give the Romanian equivalents for the following words: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. pain/tenderness durere/sensibilitate dizzy/faint ametit/sleit, sfarsit hoarse voice/sore throat voce ragusitsa/durere de gat nausea/vertigo greata/ameteala diagnosis/prescription diagnostic/prescriptie, reteta consultation/examination consult/examinare exhaustion/exertion epuizare/efort midwife/matron moasa/asistenta-sef

VI. 1. 2. 3. 4. to get ones foot in the door to take sth to heart to put ones foot down to have eyes in the back of ones head 5. to only have eyes for each other 6. to be rushed off ones feet 7. hand over fist 8. to bring sb or sth to its knees 9. to take to ones heels 10. not to have a leg to stand on 11. to keep ones hand in 12. to win sth hands down 13. a strong stomach 14. to fall head over heels in love
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14.

a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k.

to secure a place in a group to be greatly affected by sth to insist on/be firm with to be very alert/watchful to be attracted to or interested in one person to be extremely busy getting a lot of sth very quickly to almost ruin sb or sth to disappear quickly by running off not to have any defence to keep in practice so as to remain good at sth l. to win easily m. to be able to bear sth, not necessarily food n. to suddenly be completely in love with sb

Tom fell head over heels in love with the shop assistant; thats why he goes there so often. Getting your foot in the door is the difficult part; once you are in there are good career prospects. It's a very violent film. You'll need a strong stomach to sit through it. Brian is a very sensitive kind of person and he takes criticism very much to heart. If the election had been free and fair, the democratic candidate would have won hands down. Ed was talking about dropping out of school, but Mom and Dad put their foot down. He still comes around the gym occasionally, just to keep his hand in. When you're looking after a two year old, you need to have eyes in the back of your head. If you didn't sign a contract, you won't have a leg to stand on. Although theyve been married for thirty years, they still only have eyes for each other. The kids immediately took to their heels as Mrs. Brewster appeared around the corner. I didnt get round to looking over what you gave me for I've been rushed off my feet all day. Our motor industry has been brought to its knees with redundancies at Rolls-Royce and Ford. Toms business must be extremely successful; he seems to be making money hand over fist.

VII. keep down 2. hold back 3. hold with 4. hold down 5. hold up 6. hold out 7. keep on at 8. keep to 9. keep on 10. keep up
1. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10.

a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j.

control at a low level to stop sth from happening to subscribe to/to agree with to retain/keep to delay to insist on to nag to follow to continue to employ to sustain/maintain

We cannot guarantee that we will be able to keep you on at the end of your contract. Environmental groups intend to keep up the pressure until the government changes the law. We need to keep costs down. They felt the British economy was being held back by excessive government controls. Youd better keep to the speed limits. Although he did not hold with lies, there were occasions when they were the best option. If I didn't keep on at the children, they'd never do their homework. He's never held down a job for longer than a few weeks. Transport workers are holding out for a 20% pay rise. We got held up in traffic and missed the show.

VIII.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

It was a bright, warm fall weekend, perfect for a hike in the hills. This is just a routine examination in outpatients. School enrolment will take place in September. We've seen a consistent improvement in the team's performance. James strained his right knee playing football. The buildings reflect the elegance of a bygone era. Fishing on this river is forbidden under a local bylaw. Small animals can get entangled in the net.

1. hike = a long walk in the mountains or countryside 2. outpatient = someone who goes to a hospital for treatment but does not stay for the night 3. enrolment = the process of arranging to join a school, university, course/ the number of people who have arranged to join a school, university, course 4. consistent = always behaving in the same way or having the same attitudes, standards/ continuing to happen or develop in the same way

5. strain = to injure a muscle or part of your body by using it too much or making it work too hard 6. bygone = a period of time in the past 7. bylaw = a law made by a local government that people in that area must obey 8. entangle = to make something become twisted and caught in a rope, net IX.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

In the first half of the book, such important questions as the origin of the universe and the meaning of life are addressed. You cant help Sarah; shes a hopeless case. Models have to watch their figures all the time, so they eat very carefully. I have high hopes of Geraldine passing the exam with an A. She may strike you as an unapproachable person, but her aloofness is just an act. The driver of the blue car indicated that he was turning right, but turned left instead. Next time she pays me a compliment, Ill be sure to watch my back.

X. The striking hospital workers are holding out for a pay rise. (will not give up) Air pollution has led to a greater incidence of lung cancer. (there are more cases of lung cancer) 3. A persons eyes give us an insight into their state of health. (we can learn a lot about) 4. There is a trend toward more frequent use of microwave ovens. (people are using more and more frequent) XI.
1. 2.

1. turn to 2. pull through 3. look after 4. nod off 5. pass out 6. go round 7. get over 8. put on 9. waste away 10. come round
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j.

to try to get help/advice from someone to succeed in doing something very difficult take care of sb to begin to sleep (when you do not intend to) to become unconscious (about an illness) a lot of people get it to become well again after an illness to become fatter and heavier to gradually become thinner and weaker to regain consciousness

Don't worry, I'll look after the kids tomorrow. As the speaker droned on, only the occasional nudge from my husband kept me from nodding off. Rosy has put on five kilos since she quit smoking. I sometimes wonder if I could have pulled through without their support. I nearly passed out when I saw all the blood. There's some type of throat infection going around at the moment. The Namibian government turned to South Africa for help.

8. 9. 10.

I've had a nasty cold, but I'm getting over it now. His muscles were slowly wasting away because of his illness. You might feel a little sick when you come around from the anesthetic.

XII.
a. b. c.

d. e. f. g. h.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.

childhood memories sickness benefit infant mortality death toll maternity ward life expectancy birth rate health food CDs have a life expectancy of at least 20 years. Insured workers who are off sick are entitled to draw sickness benefit. The post-war concern about population decline and the high infant mortality rate contributed to the introduction of the Midwives Act 1902. I visited my sister and her newborn baby in the maternity ward. Patricia Polacco has won the hearts of millions of children with her rich stories drawn from childhood memories. A health food store is a good place to search for the herbs listed above. If the civil unrest continues, the death toll will rise. A reduced birth rate means that the population is becoming older than it used to be.

XIII.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9.

The new microprocessor chip is expected to break some new ground in mass data processing. The young journalists question about his dealings on the stockmarket caught the MP completely off guard. She started her small hairdressers just for something to do, but now shes making money hand over fist. He was brilliant at the rehearsals, but he lost his head the opening night and forgot the lines. This is a very complicated problem; lets all put our heads together and sort it out. Parkers new film is entertaining, but apart from that, its nothing to write home about. My car is on its last legs; its broken down four times in the last year. The restaurant was closed when we arrived, so we had to make do with biscuits and crisps. We assured him that the order was being dealt with, but nothing could set his mind at rest.

XIV.

albeit, against the grain, bemused, by any stretch of imagination, defiance, fringe, gratify, lumbar, oarsman, on the back burner, safeguard, tabulate Unless we fight pollution now, we cannot safeguard our children's future. The government quietly put the scheme on the back burner. Mary is always honest and it went against the grain to tell lies. I watched as the boat, propelled by a solitary oarsman, turned into the shore almost directly in front of me. Running away was an act of defiance against his parents. Raising children isn't easy by any stretch of the imagination. He told the doctor he suffered of a pain in the lumbar region. Shop-owners and residents alike seem bemused by the recent arrival of so many tourists. The terrorist fringe condemned the decision and threatened to use force. The results, tabulated by computer, were predictable. It gratified him to discover how popular his singing was. He accepted the job, albeit with some hesitation. safeguard = to protect something from harm or damage put/leave something on the back burner = to delay doing something until a later time against the grain = if something goes against the grain, it is not what you would naturally or normally do oarsman = someone who rows a boat, especially in races defiance = behaviour that shows you refuse to do what someone tells you to do, especially because you do not respect them by any stretch of imagination = used to emphasize that a negative statement is true lumbar = relating to the lower part of the back bemused = looking as if you are confused fringe = not completely belonging to or accepted by a group of people who share the same job, activities tabulate = to arrange figures or information together in a set or a list, so that they can be easily compared gratify = to make someone feel pleased and satisfied albeit = used to add information that reduces the force or importance of what you have just said

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12.