Thiet Ke He Dan Dong Bang Tai

Khoa c kh n mn hc Chi Tit My
SVTH: Phm Hu Tr-ng GVHH: Nguyn Tin Dng

Lp H C Kh K2 Tr-ng H Kinh T K Thut Cng Nghip
s:13 Thit k h dn ng bng ti

v
f
Z.p
5
4
2
3
1
3s t1 t2
tck
t
T2
Tmm
T1
T

1. ng c 3. Hp gim tc 5. Xch ti
2. Ni trc n hi 4. B truyn xch

S liu cho tr- c:

1. Lc ko bng ti: F=9500 (N)
2. Vn tc bng ti: v=0.45 (m/s)
3. - ng knh tang D=350(mm)
4. Thi hn phc v: l
h
=21.000 (h)
5. S ca lm vic: soca= 2
6. Gc nghing - ng ni tm b truyn ngoi:
8. c tnh lm vic: va p nh
Khi l- ng thit k:

1 bn v lp hp gim tc kh A
0

1 bn v lp hp gim tc kh A
3

1 bn thuyt minh

T
mm
= 1,5T
1

T
2
= 0,8T
1

t
1
= 4 (h)
t
2
= 3 (h)
t
ck
= 8 (h)
t
mm
=3s


Phn I Chn ng c v phn phi t s truyn

1.1 Tnh ton ng hc
Cng sut lm vic trn trc cng tc l:
1000
F.v
P
lv
=

Trong : F: lc ko bng ti (N) ; v: vn tc bng ti (m/s)
Thay s:

4,28(kw)
1000
9500.0,45
P
lv
= =

Do bng ti lm vic ti trng thay i nn ta c cng sut t- ng
- ng :
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
ck
i
2
1
i
lv td
t
t
T
T
P P
thay s ta c ( ) 3.68 .1
2
1
8
3
. 0.8 4.28. P
2 2
td
= + =
Cng sut cn thit ca ng c l :
q
td
ct
P
P =
(1)
q = q
1
.q
2
.q
3
... q = q
k
.q
3
ol
.q
2
br
.q
x
.q
ol

Trong q
k
: hiu sut ni trc di ng, q
ol
: hiu sut 1 cp ln ( do
c 3 cp ln), q
br
: hiu sut 1 cp bnh rng trong hp gim tc ( do
c 2 cp bnh rng), q
x
: hiu sut truyn ng xch.
Tra bng 2.3 ta - c:
q
k
: = 0,99 q
ol
: = 0,99 q
br
: = 0,97 q
x
: = 0,95
q = 0,99.0,99
3
.0,96
2
.0,95.0,9 = 0,85 thay vo cng thc (1) ta
c :
4,33(kw)
0,85
3,68
P
ct
= =

* Tnh s vng ng c :
h) 24,57(vg/p
3,14.350
45 60.1000.0,
.D
60.1000.v
n
lv
= = =

Ta c :
sb lv sb
.u n n =


Vi
ngoai hop sb
.u u u =
: vi b truyn trong l bnh rng tr 2 cp v
b truyn ngoi l b truyn xch ta chn : u
ngoai
=3 ; u
trong
=20. Suy ra
n
sb
=20.3.24,57= 1474(vng/pht).
Theo bng P1.1 ph lc vi
=
=
ph v n
Kw P
sb
ct
/ 1474
33 , 4
ta chn ng c K123M4 c
cc thng s nh- sau:
P
dn
=5,5(Kw) n
c
=1445(v/ph) D=32(mm)

1.2 Phn phi t s truyn
Tnh t s truyn ca h
ct
dc
n
n
u =
Nh- trn ta c: ) / ( 1445 ph vg n
dc
= ) / ( 57 , 24 ph vg n
ct
=
81 , 58
57 , 24
1445
= = u
chn tr- c
3 u
ng
=
suy ra
19,60
3
58,81
u
u
u
ng
h
= = =

Phn phi t s truyn cho cc cp trong hp:
2
.u u u
1 h
=
vi
2 1
1,3)u (1,2 u =
chn
=
=
92 . 3
00 . 5
2
1
u
u

1.3 Tnh ton cc thng s v in vo bng
vi ) ( 28 , 4 kw P
lv
=
4,98(kw)
0,97.0,99
4,78
.
P
P
4,78(kw)
0,99.0,97
4,59
.
P
P
4,59(kw)
0,99 0,99.0,95.
4,28
. .
P
P
ol br
2
1
ol br
3
2
ol x ol
lv
3
= = =
= = =
= = =

) ( 03 , 5
99 , 0
98 , 4
1
kw
P
P
k
dc
= = =
q

Tc cc trc
) / ( 25
3
74
) / ( 74
92 , 3
289
) / ( 289
00 . 5
1445
3
2
2
3
1
1
2
ph vg
u
n
n
ph vg
u
n
n
ph vg
u
n
n
x
ct
~ = =
~ = =
= = =


* Momen xon trn cc trc
m) 592487(N.m
74
4,59
. 9,55.10 T
m) 157955(N.m
289
4,78
. 9,55.10 T
) 32899(N.mm
1445
4,98
. 9,55.10 T
n
P
. 9,55.10 T
6
3
6
2
6
1
i
i 6
i
= =
= =
= =
=

Trc ng c I II III Cng tc
P(kw)
5 , 5 =
dc
P
4,98 4,78
4,59 28 , 4
TS
truyn
00 , 5
1
= u 92 , 3
2
= u 3
3
= u
N(vg/ph) 1445
1445
1
= n 289
2
= n 74
3
= n 25 =
ct
n
T(mm)
32899
1
= T 157955
2
= T 592487
3
= T



Phn II Thit k cc b truyn

2.1 Tnh ton b truyn cp nhanh: (Bnh tr rng nghing,
tnh cho hp gim tc phn i cp nhanh).
2.1.1 Chn vt liu
- Do cng sut truyn ti khng ln lm, khng c yu cu c bit g
v vt liu, thng nht trong thit k y chn vt liu hai cp
nh- nhau : c th chn thp 45 ti ci thin, phi rn. ng thi
tng kh nng chy mn ca rng, nn nhit luyn bnh rng ln t
rn thp hn rn bnh rng nh t 10 15 n v
HB H H ) 15 10 (
2 1
+ >
Bnh nh: thp 45 ti ci thin t n rn HB
1
= 245.
) ( 580
) ( 850
1
1
MPA
MPA
ch
b
=
=
o
o

Bnh ln : HB
2
= 230
) ( 450
) ( 750
2
2
MPA
MPA
ch
b
=
=
o
o

2.1.2. Xc nh ng sut tip xc cho php, ng sut un cho
php, vi b truyn cp nhanh v cp chm .
| |
| |
FL FC XH S R
F
HLim
F
HL XH v r
H
H
K K K Y Y
S
K K Z Z
S
. . . .
. . . .
0
0
0
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
o
o
o
o

Trong :
r
Z : h s xt n nhn ca mt rng lm vic,
v
Z : h
s xt n nh h- ng ca vn tc vng,
XH
K : h s xt n nh h- ng
ca kch th- c bnh rng,
R
Y : h s xt n nh h- ng ca nhm
mt l- n chn rng,
S
Y : h s xt n nhy ca vt liu i vi tp
trung ng sut,
XF
K : h s xt n kch th- c bnh rng nh h- ng
n bn un.
Trong b- c tnh thit k s b ly 1 . . =
XH V R
K Z Z v 1 . . =
XF S R
K Y Y
Do :
| |
H
HL o
H H
S
K
.
lim
o o =
| |
F
FL
FC
o
FLim F
S
K
K . . o o =
Trong :
o
HLim
o v
o
FLim
o l ng sut tip xc cho php v ng sut un
cho php ng vi s chu k c s,
F H
S S , : H s an ton khi tnh v tip
xc v un,
FC
K : H s xt n nh h- ng t ti,
FL HL
K K , : H s tui

th xt n nh h- ng ca thi hn phc v v ch ti trng ca
b truyn.
* Vi bnh nh:
Theo bng 6.2 ta c:
) ( 560 70 245 . 2 70 2
1
MPA HB
o
Lim H
= + = + = o 1 , 1
1
=
H
S
H
m
HE
HO
HL
N
N
K
1
1
=
H
m bc ca - ng cong mi khi th v tip xc 6 =
H
m
(v 350 245
1
s = HB )
1
HO
N s chu k thay i ng sut c s khi th v tip xc
4 , 2
1 1
30
HB HO
H N = vi
HB
H Vi rn Brinen
7 4 , 2
10 . 6 , 1 245 . 30
1
= =
HO
N
1
HE
N s chu k thay i ng sut t- ng - ng

i i
Max
i
HE
t n
T
T
c N . . . 60
3
1

|
|
.
|
\
|
=
Trong : c: s ln n khp trong 1 vng quay, n: s vng quay trong
mt pht,
t: tng s gi lm vic.

7
3 3
10 . 5 , 12
8
3
. 8 , 0
8
4
. 1 21000 . 1445 . 60
1
1
=
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
HE
HE
N
N

V
7 7
10 . 6 , 1 10 . 5 , 12
1 ` 1
= > =
HO HE
N N

| | ) ( 509
1 , 1
1 . 560
1
1
MPA
K
H
HL
= =
=
o

Theo bng 6.2

7 6 6
6
10 . 108
8
3
. 8 , 0
8
4
. 1 . 21000 . 1445 . 60
. . . . 60
75 , 1
) ( 441 245 . 8 , 1
1
1
1
=
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
=
= =
FE
i i
Max
i
FE
F
o
Lim F
N
t n
T
T
c N
S
MPA o

V
6
1
7
10 . 4 10 . 108
1
= > =
FO FE
N N 1 =
FL
K


* Vi bnh ln tnh ton t- ng t

7
7 7
1
7 4 , 2
10 . 76 , 2
10 . 76 , 2 5 / 10 . 8 , 13 /
10 . 39 , 1 230 . 30
1 , 1
530 70 230 . 2 70 . 2
2
1 2
2
2
=
= = =
= =
=
= + = + =
HE
FE HE
HO
H
o
Lim H
N
u N N
N
S
HB o

v
7 7
10 . 39 , 1 10 . 76 , 2
2 2
= > =
HO HE
N N
| |
| |
| | | |
| |
7 6 6
2 lim
10 . 17 , 2
8
3
. 8 , 0
8
4
. 1 21000 .
5
1445
. 1 . 60
) ( 414 230 . 8 , 1
) ( 25 , 602 8 , 481 . 25 , 1 . 25 , 1 ) ( 4 , 495
2
, 481 509
2
) ( 8 , 481
1 , 1
1 . 560
1
2
2 1
2
2
=
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
= =
= = s =
+
=
+
=
= =
=
FE
o
F
Min H
H H
H
H
HL
N
MPA
MPA MPA
MPA
K
o
o
o o
o
o
v
6 7
10 . 4 10 . 17 , 2
2
= > =
FO FE
N N 1
2
=
FL
K
Mt khc b truyn quay mt chiu 1 =
FC
K
| |
| | ) ( 236
75 , 1
1 . 414
) ( 252
75 , 1
1 . 441
2
1
MPA
MPA
F
F
= =
= =
o
o

* ng sut qu ti cho php
| |
| |
| | ) ( 360 450 . 8 , 0 . 8 , 0
) ( 464 580 . 8 , 0 . 8 , 0
) ( 1260 450 . 8 , 2 . 8 , 2
2 2
1 1
2
MPA
MPA
MPA
ch
Max
F
ch
Max
F
ch Max H
= = =
= = =
= = =
o o
o o
o o

2.1.3. Tnh ton nhanh b truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing
Xc nh s b khong cch trc vi cp nhanh
( )
| |
3
1
2
1
1
. . . 2
.
1 .
ba H
H
a w
u
K T
u k a
o
|
+ =
Trong :
a
K : h s ph thuc vo vt liu ca cp bnh rng,
i
T :
mmen xon trn trc bnh ch ng (N.mm), | |
H
o : ng sut tip xc
cho php MPA,
1
u : t s truyn cp nhanh.

w
w
ba
a
b
=
w
b : chiu rng vnh rng
Tra bng 6.5 vi rng nghing vt liu 2 bnh l: Thp Thp 43 =
a
K
Tra bng 6.6 25 . 0 2 / 5 , 0 = =
ba

( ) ( ) 795 , 0 1 5 25 , 0 . 53 , 0 1 . 53 , 0
1
= + = + = u
ba bd


Tra bng 6.7 vi s 3 12 , 1 =
| H
K
( )
) ( 105
) ( 03 , 101
25 , 0 . 5 . ) 4 , 495 .( 2
12 , 1 . 32899
1 5 43
) . ( 32899
1
1
3
2
1
mm a
mm a
mm N T
w
w
=
= + =
=

Xc nh cc thng s n khp
2 1 100 ). 02 , 0 01 , 0 ( ) 02 , 0 01 , 0 (
1
= = =
w
a m
Theo bng 6.8 chn m = 1,5(mm)
Chn s b
0
40 = | do cos| = 0,7660
s rng bnh nh
18
87 , 17
) 1 5 ( 5 , 1
766 , 0 . 105
) 1 (
cos . . 2
1
1
1
1
=
=
+
=
+
=
Z
u m
a
Z
w
|

s rng bnh ln
90
90 18 . 5 .
2
1 1 2
=
= = =
Z
Z u Z

Khi ta c gc | l :
' ' 3 '. 31 . 39 517 , 39
7714 , 0
105 . 2
) 90 18 ( 5 , 1
2
) (
0
2 1
1
o
w
a
Z Z m
Cos
= =
=
+
=
+
=
| |
|

* Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc
2
1
1
. . . 2
) 1 .( . . 2
. .
w m w
m H
H M H
d u b
u K T
Z Z Z
+
=
c
o
trong
M
Z H s k n c tnh vt liu ca bnh rng n khp
Tra bng 6.5
3
1
) ( 274 MPA Z
M
=
H
Z : h s k n hnh dng b mt tip xc

tw
B
H
Sin
Cos
Z
o
|
. 2
. 2
=
Gc nghing trn hn tr c s :
1779 , 0 74 , 10 ). 33 , 20 cos( . cos
0
= = = tg tg tg
t b
| o |
o
tw t
b
tg
arctg
tg
arctg 258 , 25
7714 , 0
20
cos
723 , 36
0
= |
.
|
\
|
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
= =
=
|
o
o o
|


v theo TCVN gc profil
o
20 = o
44 , 1
258 , 25 . 2
) 723 , 36 cos( . 2
= =
o
o
H
Sin
Z
c
Z : h s k n s trng khp ca rng

t
|
c
|
. m
Sin b
w
= ) ( 25 , 26 105 . 25 , 0 .
1
mm a b
w ba w
= = =
54 , 3
14 , 3 . 5 , 1
517 , 39 ( . 25 , 26
)
= =
o
Sin
|
c do
o
c
c
1
= Z
88 , 0
29 , 1
1 1
29 , 1 7714 , 0
90
1
18
1
2 , 3 88 , 1 cos
1 1
2 , 3 88 , 1
2 1
= = =
=
(
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
o
c
o
c
| c
Z
Z Z

1
w
d - ng knh vng ln bnh nh

) / ( 4 ) / ( 65 , 2
000 . 60
1445 . 35 .
000 . 60
. .
) ( 35
1 5
105 . 2
1
. 2
1
1
1
1
s m s m
n d
v
mm
u
a
d
w
m
w
w
< = = =
=
+
=
+
=
t
t

theo bng 6.13
vi v=2,65 (m/s) dng cp chnh xc 9,vi cp chnh xc 8 ta c
13 , 1 =
o H
K (theo bng 6.14)
m
w
o H H
u
a
v g
1
. . o v =
Tra bng 6.15 002 , 0 =
H
o
Tra bng 6.16 73 =
o
g
77 , 1
5
105
65 , 2 . 73 . 002 , 0 = =
H
u
Theo bng 6.7 vi s hnh 3
) ( 4 , 469
35 . 5 . 25 , 26
) 1 5 ( 49 , 1 . 32899
. 88 , 0 . 44 , 1 . 274
49 , 1 03 , 1 . 13 , 1 . 28 , 1 . .
03 , 1
13 , 1 . 28 , 1 . 32899
35 . 25 , 26 . 77 , 1
. .
. .
1
28 , 1
2
1
1
MPA
K K K K
K K T
d b
K
K
H
H H H H
H H
w w H
H
H
=
+
=
= = =
= = + =
=
o
u
u o |
o |
u
|

Xc nh chnh xc ng sut tip xc cho php vi v=2,65(m/s)
v
Z :h s xt n nh h- ng ca vn tc vng khi vs10 (m/s) 1 =
v
Z
Vi cp chnh xc ng hc l 9 chn cp chnh xc v mc tip xc l
8 khi cn gia cng t nhm ) ( 25 , 1 5 , 2 m R
a
= 95 , 0 =
R
Z


Khi - ng knh vng nh bnh rng ) ( 700 mm d
a
s
| | | | ) ( 71 , 470 1 . 95 . 0 . 1 . 4 . 495 . . .
1
MPA Z Z Z
K
XH R V H H
XH
= = =
=
o o
Ta c | |
H H
o o <
| |
% 3 , 0
4 , 469
4 , 469 7 , 470
=
H
H H
o
o o

Do kt qu tnh ton ph hp vi yu cu.
* Kim nghim rng v bn un
| |
1
1
) . . .( 2
. . . . . 2
1 1
1
1
F
w w
F F
F
m d b
Y Y Y K T
o o
| c
s =
Theo bng 6.7 32 , 1 =
| F
K . Tra bng 6.14 vi v=2,65m/s, vi CCX9 suy ra
37 , 1 =
o F
K

m
w
o F F
u
a
v g
1
1
. . o u = 006 , 0 =
F
o 73 =
o
g
08 , 1
37 , 1 . 32 , 1 . 32899
35 . 25 , 26 . 32 , 5
1
. . 2 / . 2
. .
1
32 , 5
5
105
65 , 2 . 73 . 006 , 0
1
1 1 1
1
= + = + =
= =
o |
u
u
F F
w w F
F
F
K K T
d b
K
v

Do : 96 , 1 08 , 1 . 37 , 1 . 32 , 1 . . = = =
u o | F F F F
K K K K
Vi 29 , 1 =
o
c 775 , 0
29 , 1
1 1
= = =
o
c
c
Y
Vi
O
517 , 39 = | 718 , 0
140
517 , 39
1
140
1 = = =
O
Y
|
|

S rng t- ng - ng

196 06 , 196
7714 , 0
90
39 21 , 39
7714 , 0
18
2 2
1 1
3 3
2
3 3
1
= = = =
= = = =
v v
v v
Z
Cos
Z
Z
Z
Cos
Z
Z
|
|

Tra bng 6.18 ta c - c
60 , 3
70 , 3
2
1
=
=
F
F
Y
Y
Vi h s dch chnh 0
2 1
= = x x
1
052 , 1 ) 5 , 1 ln( 0695 , 0 08 , 1 ) ln( 0695 , 0 08 , 1
=
= = =
R
S
Y
m Y

Bnh rng phay ) 400 ( 1 mm d K
a XF
s =


Ta c | | | | ) ( 1 , 265 1 . 1 . 052 . 1 . 252 . . .
1 1
MPa K Y Y
XF S R F F
= = = o o
| | | | ) ( 3 , 248 1 . 1 . 052 . 1 . 236 . . .
2 2
MPa K Y Y
XF S R F F
= = = o o
| |
| | ) ( 236 79 , 41
9 , 3
6 , 3 . 26 , 45
.
) ( 252 33 , 96
5 , 1 . 35 . 25 , 26
718 , 0 . 775 , 0 . 96 , 1 . 32899
2
1
2 1
2
1 1
MPA
Y
Y
MPA
F
F
F F
F
F F
= s = = =
= s = =
o
o
o
o o
Kim nghim rng v qu ti vi
| | | |
| |
| | ) ( 360 6 , 140 5 , 1 . 7 , 93
) ( 464 5 , 144 5 , 1 . 33 , 96
) ( 1260 ) ( 9 , 607 5 , 1 4 , 469 .
5 , 1
4 , 1
2 2 2
1 1 1
1
1 1
MPA k
MPA k
MPA MPA k
T
T
T
T
k
Max
F qt F F
Max
F qt F F
Max H qt H
Max
H
Max
qt
Max
Max
= s = = =
= s = = =
= s = = =
= = =
o o o
o o o
o o o

* Cc thng s kch th- c ca b truyn:
Khong cch trc
Mdun php m=1,5(mm
Chiu rng vnh rng ) ( 25 , 26 mm b
w
=
T s b truyn 00 , 5 =
m
u
Gc nghing ca rng
o
517 , 39 = |
S rng ca bnh rng
90
18
2
1
=
=
Z
Z

H s dch chnh 0
2 1
= = x x
- ng knh vng chia
) ( 00 , 175
7714 , 0
90 . 5 , 1 .
) ( 00 , 35
7714 , 0
18 . 5 , 1 .
2
2
1
1
mm
Cos
Z m
d
mm
Cos
Z m
d
= = =
= = =
|
|

- ng knh nh rng
) ( 00 , 178 5 , 1 . 2 00 , 175 ) 1 ( 2
) ( 00 , 38 5 , 1 . 2 00 , 35 ) 1 ( 2
2 2
1 1
2
1
mm m y x d d
mm m y x d d
a
a
= + = A + + =
= + = A + + =

- ng knh y rng
) ( 25 , 171 5 , 1 . 5 , 2 00 , 175 ) 2 5 , 2 (
) ( 25 , 31 5 , 1 . 5 , 2 00 , 35 ) 2 5 , 2 (
2 2
1 1
2
1
mm m x d d
mm m x d d
f
f
= = =
= = =


2.2. Tnh ton b truyn cp chm (bnh rng tr rng thng)
Xc nh s b khong cch trc:
a
w2
= K
a
(u
2
+1)
| |
3
2
2
2
. .
.
ba H
H
u
K T
o
|

Vi:
T
2
: Mmen xon trn trc bnh ch
ng(Nmm);T
1
=157955Nmm)
K
a
: h s ph thuc vo loi rng ; K
a
=49,5(rng thng )
H s +
ba
= b
w
/a
w
;
( ) ( ) 984 , 0 1 92 , 3 . 4 , 0 . 53 , 0 1 . 53 , 0 4 , 0
2
= + = + = = u
ba bd ba

Tra s 7 (bng 6.6, trang 98) ta - c K
H
|
=1,03 ;u
2
= 3,92;
[o
H
]=481,8( MPa ).
Thay s ta nh - c khong cch trc :
a
w1
= 49,5.(3,92+1). 2 , 186
) 4 , 0 .( 92 , 3 . ) 8 , 481 (
03 , 1 . 157955
3
2
= (mm)
Chn a
w1
= 185 mm
2.2.1 Xc nh cc thng s n khp
- Mun : m
m = (0,01 0,02). a
w1
= (0,01 0,02).185= 1,85 3,7. Chn m = 2
* S rng Z
1
= 2

a
w1
/ (m(u
1
+1)) = 2.185/ 2.(3,92+1) = 37,6
Chn Z
1
= 38;
Z
2
= u
1
Z
1
= 3,92.38 = 148,96 ,chn Z
2
= 149
Z
t
= Z
1
+ Z
2
= 38 + 149 = 187 rng ;
Tnh li khong cch trc : a
w1
'
= m.Z
t
/ 2 = 2. 187/ 2 = 187( mm).
a
w1
= a
w1
Do cn dch chng tng kch th- c .Chn a
w1
= 185
(mm)
Tnh h s dch tm y theo cng thc :
( ) 1 ) 149 38 .( 5 , 0
2
185
5 , 0
2 1
= + = + = Z Z
m
a
y
w

35 , 5
149 38
1 . 1000 . 1000
2 1
=
+
=
+
=
Z Z
y
K
y

Tra bng 6.10a ta - c K
x
=0,217
H s gim nh rng tnh theo cng thc
04 , 0
1000
187 . 217 , 0
1000
= = = A
t x
Z K
y
Tng h s dch chnh
x
t
= y + Ay =1 + 0,04=1,04 (mm)
H s dch chnh bnh 1
22 , 0 1 .
187
38 149
04 , 1 . 5 , 0 5 , 0
1 2
1
=
(

=
(

= y
Z
Z Z
x x
t
t
mm


H s dch chnh bnh 2
x
2
= x
t
x
1
=1,04-0,22 =0,82 mm

2.2.2 Kim nghim rng v bn tip xc.
Yu cu m bo bn tip xc :o
H
s [o
H
] ,
o
H
= Z
M
Z
H
Z
c

w w
H
d u b
u K T
. .
) 1 .( . . 2
2
2 2
+
;
Trong : - Z
M
: H s xt n nh h- ng c tnh vt liu;
- Z
H
: H s k n hnh dng b mt tip xc;
- Z
c
: H s k n s trng khp ca rng;
- K
H
: H s ti trng khi tnh v tip xc;
- b
w
: Chiu rng vnh rng.
- d
w
: - ng knh vng chia ca bnh ch ng;
T
2
157955= (Nmm) ;
b
w
= 0,4. a
w
= 0,4. 185 = 74( mm );
Z
M
= 274 Mpa
1/3
(tra bng 6.5 ) ;
Gc prfin rng bng gc n khp :
coso
tw
= 94985 , 0
185 . 2
20 cos . 2 . 187
. 2
cos . .
1
= =
w
t
a
m Z o

=> o
tw
= 18,222
o
Z
H
=
tw
b
o
|
2 sin
cos 2
=
222 , 18 . 2 sin
2
= 1,83 ;
u
m
= 149/38 = 3,921;
d
w1
=
20 , 75
1
. 2
2
=
+ u
a
e
(mm).
c
o
= 1,88 3,2 774 , 1
149
1
38
1
2 , 3 88 , 1
1 1
2 1
=
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
Z Z
;
Z
c
=
3
) 774 , 1 4 (
= 0,86
K
H
= K
H
|
.K
HV
K
H
o
; K
H
|
= 1,03 ; K
H
o
= 1( bnh rng thng )
Vn tc bnh dn : v = 14 , 1
60000
289 . 20 , 75 .
60000
. .
1 1
= =
t t n d
w
m/s;
v v < 6 m/s tra bng 6.13 (trang 106) chn cp chnh xc 9, tra
bng 6.16 chn g
o
= 73 ; tra bng 6.14 ta c K
H
o
= 1,13 ; K
F
o
= 1,37.
Theo cng thc 6.42
43 , 3
92 , 3
185
. 14 , 1 . 73 . 006 , 0 .
1
1
= = =
m
w
o H H
u
a
v g o v
Ta c ) ( 74 185 . 4 , 0 . mm a b
ba
= = =
e e


theo bng 6,15:rng thng , khng vt u rng => o
H
=0,006
06 . 1
1 . 03 , 1 . 157955 . 2
20 , 75 . 74 . 43 , 3
1
. . 2
. .
1
1
= + = + =
o |
v
H H I
w w H
Hv
K K T
d b
K
K
HV
= 1,06 K
H
= 1,03.1,06.1 = 1,09
Thay s : o
H
= 274.1,75.0,86.
2
20 . 75 . 92 , 3 . 74
) 1 92 , 3 .( 09 , 1 . 157955 . 2 +
= 422,9( Mpa)
Tnh chnh xc ng sut tip xc cho php : [o
H
] = [o
H
]. Z
R
Z
V
K
xH
.
Vi v =2,2 m/s Z
V
= 1 (v v < 5m/s ) , Cp chnh xc ng hc
l 9, chn mc chnh xc tip xc l 9. Khi cn gia cng t
nhm l R
a
= 10...40 m. Do Z
R
= 0,9 ; vi d
a
< 700mm K
xH
= 1.
[o
H
] = 481,8.0,9.1.1 = 433,64 MPa ,
o
H
s [o
H
] ;
| |
% 5 , 2
9 , 422
9 , 422 6 , 433
~
H
H H
o
o o

Rng tho mn v bn tip xc.

2.2.3 Kim nghim rng v bn un
| |
1
2 2
2
1
. .
. . . . . 2
2
F
w w
F F
F
m d b
Y Y Y K T
o o
| c
s =
Tra bng 6.7 05 , 1 =
| F
K ( 984 , 0 =
bd
v s 7)
m
w
o F F
u
a
v g
2
2
. . o u =
Tra bng 6.15 006 , 0 =
F
o 73 =
o
g
042 , 1
37 , 1 . 05 , 1 . 157955 . 2
20 , 75 . 74 . 43 , 3
1
. . . 2
. .
1
43 , 3
92 , 3
185
14 , 1 . 73 . 006 , 0
2
2 2 2
2
= + = + =
= =
o |
u
u
F F
w w F
F
F
K K T
d b
K
v

Tra bng 6.14 37 , 1 =
o F
K
Do : 5 , 1 042 , 1 . 37 , 1 . 05 , 1 . . = = =
u o | F F F F
K K K K
Vi 774 , 1 =
o
c 564 , 0
774 , 1
1 1
= = =
o
c
c
Y
Vi
O
0 = | 1 =
|
Y
S rng t- ng - ng

149
38
2
1
=
=
v
v
Z
Z


Tra bng 6.18 ta c - c
47 , 3
53 , 3
2
1
=
=
F
F
Y
Y

032 , 1 ) 2 ln( 0695 , 0 08 , 1 ) ln( 0695 , 0 08 , 1 = = = m Y
S

1 =
R
Y (Bnh rng phay)
) 400 ( 1 mm d K
a XF
s =
| | | |
| |
| |
| | ) ( 9 , 170 1 , 58
47 , 3
53 , 3 . 8 , 84
.
) ( 05 , 182 8 , 84
2 . 20 , 75 . 74
5 , 1 . 53 , 3 . 1 . 564 , 0 . 5 , 1 . 157955 . 2
) ( 9 , 170 1 . 032 , 1 . 6 , 165
) ( 05 , 182 1 . 032 , 1 . 1 . 4 , 176 . . .
2
1
2 1
2
1 1
2
1 1
MPA
Y
Y
MPA
MPA
MPA K Y Y
F
F
F F
F
F F
F
XF S R F F
= s = = =
= s = =
= =
= = =
o
o
o
o o
o
o o

2.2.4 Kim nghim rng v qu ti
| | | |
| |
| | ) ( 360 2 , 87 4 , 1 . 1 , 58
) 464 72 , 118 4 , 1 . 8 , 84
) ( 1260 ) ( 2 , 519 5 , 1 9 , 423 .
5 , 1
5 , 1
2 2 2
1 1 1
1
1 1
MPA k
MPA k
MPA MPA k
T
T
T
T
k
Max
F qt F F
Max
F qt F F
Max H qt H
Max
H
Max
qt
Max
Max
= s = = =
= s = = =
= s = = =
= = =
o o o
o o o
o o o

2.2.5 Cc thng s kch th-c ca b truyn:
Khong cch trc ) ( 185
2
mm a
w
=
Mdun php m=2(mm)
Chiu rng vnh rng ) ( 74 mm b
w
=
T s b truyn 92 , 3 =
m
u
S rng ca bnh rng
149
38
2
1
=
=
Z
Z

H s dch chnh
82 , 0
22 , 0
2
1
=
=
x
x

- ng knh vng chia
) ( 298
1
149 . 2 .
) ( 78
1
39 . 2 .
2
2
1
1
mm
Cos
Z m
d
mm
Cos
Z m
d
= = =
= = =
|
|

- ng knh nh rng
) ( 12 , 305 2 ). 04 , 0 82 , 0 1 .( 2 298 ) 1 ( 2
) ( 72 , 82 2 ). 04 , 0 22 , 0 1 .( 2 78 ) 1 ( 2
2 2
1 1
2
1
mm m y x d d
mm m y x d d
a
a
= + + = A + + =
= + + = A + + =

- ng knh y rng
) ( 28 , 185 2 ) 82 , 0 . 2 5 , 2 ( 298 ) 2 5 , 2 (
) ( 88 , 73 2 ) 22 , 0 . 2 5 , 2 ( 78 ) 2 5 , 2 (
2 2
1 1
2
1
mm m x d d
mm m x d d
f
f
= = =
= = =


2.3. Tnh ton b truyn ngoi
2.3.1 Chn loi xch:
V vn tc thp dng xch con ln
2.3.2 Xc nh cc thng s ca b truyn xch
Tra bng 5.4 vi 3 =
x
u 19 23 3 . 2 29
1
> = = Z
Chn 25
1
= Z do s rng a ln
120 75 25 . 3 .
1 2
= s = = =
Max x
Z Z u Z (i vi xch con ln)
Cng sut tnh ton
n Z t
K K K P P . . . =
Trong : P: cng sut cn truyn
1
25
25 25
1 1
01
= = = =
Z Z
Z
K
z
h s s rng
1
01
n
n
K
n
= h s vng quay
c d bt dc a o
K K K K K K K . . . .
.
= vi 1 =
o
K ( - ng tm cc a xch lm vi
ph- ng nm ngang 1 gc
o
40 s ) h s k n nh h- ng ca v tr b
truyn.
1 =
a
K (chn a = 40.p) h s k n khong cch trc v chiu di xch
1 , 1 =
dc
K iu chnh bng 1 trong cc a xch.
2 , 1 =
d
K ti trng va p nh.
25 , 1 =
c
K b truyn lm vic 2 ca (Tra bng 5.6).
3 , 1 =
bt
K (mi trng c bi, cht l- ng bi trn II) (Theo bng 5.7).
25
01
= Z th 200
01
= n
Ta c 5 , 1 25 , 1 . 1 , 1 . 1 . 2 , 1 . 1 , 1 . . . .
.
= = =
c d bt dc a o
K K K K K K K

) ( 59 , 18 7 . 2 . 5 . 1 . 1 . 59 , 4
7 , 2
74
200
kw P
K
t
n
= =
= =

Tra bng 5.5 ) / ( 200
01
ph vg n = chn b truyn xch 1 dy c b- c
p=31,75(mm) tho mn iu kin bn mn ) ( 3 , 19 ] [ kw P P
t
= s
ng thi theo bng 5.8
Max
p p s
Khong cch trc a=40p =40.31,75=1270(mm)
Xc nh s mt xch x
( ) ( )
58 , 131
. 40 . . 4
25 75
2
57 25
40 . 2
. 4
.
2
. 2
2
2
2
2
1 2 2 1
=
+
+
+ =
+
+
+ =
p
p
a
p Z Z Z Z
p
a
x
t t

Ly s mt xch chn x=132


Tnh li khong cch trc
| |
| | ) ( 1301 ) ( 26 , 1301
) 25 75 (
2 ) 25 75 ( 5 , 0 132 ) 25 75 ( 5 , 0 132 75 , 31 . 25 , 0
) (
2 ) ( 5 , 0 ) ( 5 , 0 . 25 , 0
2
2
2
1 2
2
2 1 2 1
mm mm a
Z Z
Z Z x Z Z x p a
c c
~ =
)
`

+ + + =
)
`

+ + + =
t
t
xch khng chu lc cng qu ln gim
1
a l- ng bng
) ( 1297
4 26 , 1301 . 003 , 0 . 003 , 0
mm a
a a
=
~ = = A

S ln va p ca xch
2
132 . 15
159 . 25
. 15
.
1 1
= = =
x
n Z
i
Tra bng 5.9 25 ] [ 2 = s = i i
* Tnh kim nghim xch v bn
v o t d
F F F K
Q
S
+ +
=
Q ti trng ph hng (N)
Tra bng 5.2 Q=88500(N)
Khi l- ng 1 mt xch q = 3,8 (kg)
d
K h s ti trng ng vi ch lm vic trung bnh 2 , 1 =
d
K
t
F lc vng (N)
v
p
F
t
. 1000
=

) ( 5 , 284 272 , 1 . 8 , 3 . 6 . 81 , 9 . . . 81 , 9
) ( 64 , 3 98 , 0 . 8 , 3 .
) ( 4684
98 , 0
59 , 4 . 1000
) / ( 98 , 0
000 . 60
74 . 75 , 31 . 25
000 . 60
. .
0
2 2
1
N a q K F
N v q F
N F
s m
n p Z
v
f
v
t
= = =
= = =
= =
= = =

Trong 6 =
f
K (b truyn nm ngang)
97 , 14
64 , 3 5 . 284 4684 . 2 , 1
88500
=
+ +
= S
Tra bng 5.10 n=200(vg/ph) [s]=8,5
Vy s>[s] b truyn m bo iu kin bn


* - ng knh a xch
) ( 62 , 9 05 , 0 05 , 19 . 5025 , 0 05 , 0 5025 , 0
. 2
. 2
4 , 773
75
cot 5 , 0 75 , 31 cot 5 , 0
2 , 267
25
cot 5 , 0 75 , 31 cot 5 , 0
) ( 2 , 758
75
75 , 31
) ( 32 , 253
25
75 , 31
2
1
2
1
2
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
mm d r
r d d
r d d
g
Z
g p d
g
Z
g p d
mm
Sin
Z
Sin
p
d
mm
Sin
Z
Sin
p
d
l
f
f
a
a
= + = + =
=
=
=
(
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
=
(
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
(
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
=
|
.
|
\
|
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
=
|
.
|
\
|
=
|
|
.
|
\
|
=
t t
t t
t
t
t
t

Tra bng 5.2 05 , 19 =
l
d
) ( 95 , 738 623 , 9 . 2 2 , 758
) ( 1 , 234 623 , 9 . 2 32 , 253
2
1
mm d
mm d
f
f
= =
= =

*2.3.3 Kim nghim bn tip xc ca a xch
( )
| |
H
d
vd d t r
H
K A
E F K F K
o o s
+
=
.
. .
47 , 0
1

Trong | |
H
o ng sut tip xc cho php (MPA)
t
F lc vng (N)
t
F =4684(N)
vd
F lc va p trn m dy xch
) ( 08 , 3 1 . 75 , 31 . 74 . 10 . 13 . . . 10 . 13
3 7 3
1
7
N m p n F
vd
= = =

d
K h s ti trng ng Tra bng 5.6 2 , 1 =
d
K
A din tch chiu ca bn l Tra bng 5.12 A= 262(
2
mm )
E modun n hi ) ( 10 . 1 , 2
5
MPA E =
( )
) ( 4 , 590
1 . 262
10 . 1 , 2 . 08 , 3 2 , 1 . 4684 42 , 0
47 , 0
42 , 0
5
1
MPA
K
H
r
=
+
=
=
o

Nh- vy dng thp 45 ti ci thin t rn HB210 s t - c ng
sut tip xc cho php | | ) ( 600 MPA
H
= o m bo - c bn tip xc
cho rng a 1
T- ng t | | | |
H H
o o s
2
vi cng vt liu nhit luyn
2.3.4 Xc nh lc tc dng ln trc
) ( 5386 4684 . 15 , 1 . N F K F
t x r
= = =
Trong :
x
K : h s k n trng l- ng xch, 15 , 1 =
x
K do b truyn nm
ngang.


Phn III Thit k trc v chn ln

3.1. Chn vt liu ch to
Cc trc l thp 45 c ) ( 600 MPA
b
= o ng sut xon cho php l: [t]= 12
20(MPA)
3.2. Xc nh -ng knh s b:
3 3 .
] .[ 2 , 0
i
i i
i
n
P
c
T
d ~ =
t

Trong :
k
T : mmen xon N.mm, [t]: ng sut xon cho php MPA
[t]= 1550 (MPA) ly tr s nh i vi trc vo ca hp gim tc, tr
s ln trc ra theo kt qu trong thc t ng- i ta thng dng cng
thc sau vi hp gim tc chn c=160:
) . ( 15742
1
mm N T = ) . ( 72241
2
mm N T = ) . ( 267881
3
mm N T =
) ( 60
74
59 . 4
. 160
) ( 40
298
78 . 4
. 160
) ( 25
1445
98 , 4
. 160
3
3
3
2
3
1
mm d
mm d
mm d
~ =
~ =
~ =

d
i
l - ng knh ch lp bnh rng trn trc th i (i=1,2,3).
u vo trc I c lp ni trc n hi. u ra trc III c lp bnh
xch.
3. Xc nh khong cch gia cc gi v im t lc.
Da theo - ng knh cc trc s dng bng 10.2 chn chiu rng
ln
0
b chiu rng ly theo - ng knh s b ca trc trung gian
2
d
) ( 17 ) ( 24
) ( 17 ) (
) ( 17 ) ( 20
01 3
01 2
01 1
mm b mm d
mm b mm d
mm b mm d
ol
ol
ol
= =
= =
= =

Xc nh chiu di may , may a xch, may bnh rng tr:
( )
( )
( ) ) ( 57 38 . 5 , 1 5 , 1 2 , 1
) ( 39 26 . 5 , 1 5 , 1 2 , 1
) ( 26 17 . 5 , 1 5 , 1 2 , 1
3 34
2 22
1 11
mm d l
mm d l
mm d l
m
m
m
= = =
= = =
= = =

Xc nh chiu di may ca khp ni i vi trc vng n hi.
) ( 95 38 . 5 , 2 ) 5 , 2 4 , 1 (
3 23
mm d l
m
= = =


Tra bng 10.3 ta - c
Khong cch mt cnh ca chi tit quay n thnh trong ca hp
hoc khong cch gia cc chi tit quay 10
1
= k
Khong cch t mt cnh n thnh trong ca hp 5
2
= k
Khong cch t mt cnh ca chi tit quay n thnh np 15
3
= k
Chiu cao np v u bu lng 18 =
n
h
Tra bng 10.4 vi hp gim tc bnh rng tr 2 cp hnh 10.7
) ( 191 17 5 . 2 10 . 3 95 39
2 3
) ( 120 10 ) 95 39 ( 5 , 0 43
) ( 5 , 0
) ( 43 5 10 ) 17 39 ( 5 , 0
) ( 5 , 0
21
0 2 1 23 22 21
23
1 23 22 22 23
22
2 1 0 22 22
mm l
b k k l l l
mm l
k l l l l
mm l
k k b l l
m m
m m
m
= + + + + =
+ + + + =
= + + + =
+ + + =
= + + + =
+ + + =



4. Xc nh tr s v chiu cc lc t chi tit quay tc dng ln
trc

S phn tch lc chung

qui - c v chiu v cc du ca lc nh- h trc to t khp ni tc
dng ln trc h- ng theo ph- ng x nh- ng ng- c chiu
t
x
D
T
F
1
11
. 2
). 3 , 0 2 , 0 ( =
Khong cng xn cha ra ngoi ni trc vng n hi:
Tra bng 16-10a theo mmen xon
) ( 55
) ( 55 18 15 ) 17 26 ( 5 , 0 ) ( 5 , 0
) ( 892 , 188
50
15741 . 2
. 3 , 0 ) ( 50
11
3 02 11 11
11 0
mm l
mm h k b l l
N F mm D
c
n m c
x
=
= + + + = + + + =
= = =



Trc I
Tnh phn lc cc trc v v biu mmen
) ( 170 74 , 10 . 4 , 896 .
) ( 4 , 896
12 , 35
15741 . 2 . 2
) ( 338 .
0
1
1 1
1
1
N tg tg F F
N
d
T
F
N
Cos
tg
F F
t a
wk
k
t
tw
t r
i
= = =
= = =
= =
|
|
o

=
=
) ( 92 , 219
) ( 78 , 118
N R
N R
By
Ay

=
=
) ( 9 , 319
) ( 4 , 1027
N R
N R
Bx
Ax

2 2
2 2
75 , 0
xj yj j
j
j
tdj
M M M
T M M
+ =
+ =

3
] [ 1 , 0 o
tdj
j
M
d =
Tra bng 10.5 ly 63 ] [ = o
=
=
=
=
) ( 93 , 12
) ( 96 , 13
) ( 17
) ( 0
13
12
11
10
mm d
mm d
mm d
mm d

Theo tiu chun chn:
=
=
=
=
) ( 19
) ( 20
) ( 25
) ( 20
13
12
11
10
mm d
mm d
mm d
mm d

Tnh kim nghim bn ca then v bn dp v bn ct:
| |
| |
d
t
d
t h l d
T
o o s
=
) ( .
. 2
1
| |
c
t
c
b l d
T
t t s =
. .
. 2

vi thp 45 chu ti trng va p nh | | ) ( 30 20 MPA
c
= t
Tra bng 95 | | ) ( 100 MPA
d
= o
Tra bng 9.1a ti v tr lp bnh rng d= 25 b=8 h=7 4
1
= t
| |
| | ) ( 30 20 18 , 3
8 . 5 , 49 . 25
15741 . 2
) ( 100 48 , 8
) 4 7 .( 5 , 49 . 25
15741 . 2
) ( 5 , 49 55 . 9 , 0 9 , 0
11
MPA
MPA
mm l l
c c
d d
c t
= s = =
= s =
=
= = =
t t
o o
Ti v tr lp vng n hi d =19 b=6 h= 6 5 , 3
1
= t
| |
| | ) ( 30 20 87 , 7
6 . 1 , 35 . 29
15741 . 2
) ( 100 88 , 18
) 5 , 3 6 .( 1 , 35 . 19
15741 . 2
) ( 1 , 35 39 . 9 , 0
MPA
MPA
mm l
c c
d d
t
= s = =
= s =
=
= =
t t
o o


Trc II
) ( 22 , 479 16 , 14 . 66 , 2359 .
) ( 66 , 2359
24 , 57
72241 . 2 . 2
) ( 51 , 894
16 , 14
38 , 20
. 66 , 2359 .
) ( 20 , 166 16 , 14 . 23 , 876 .
) ( 23 , 876
77 , 222
72241 . 2 . 2
) ( 44 , 330
74 , 10
33 , 20
. 23 , 876 .
0
0
0
0
3 3
3
3 3
2 2
2
2 2
N tg tg F F
N
d
T
F
N
Cos
tg
Cos
tg
F F
N tg tg F F
N
d
T
F
N
Cos
tg
Cos
tg
F F
t a
wk
k
t
tw
t r
t a
wk
k
t
tw
t r
i
i
= = =
= = =
= = =
= = =
= = =
= = =
|
|
o
|
|
o

=
=
) ( 2 , 35
) ( 87 , 528
N R
N R
By
Ay

=
=
) ( 74 , 1081
) ( 15 , 2154
N R
N R
Bx
Ax

Tnh ton t- ng t phn trc I
=
=
=
=
) ( 0
) ( 06 , 25
) ( 36 , 26
) ( 0
23
22
21
20
mm d
mm d
mm d
mm d

Theo tiu chun chn:
=
=
=
=
) ( 30
) ( 36
) ( 34
) ( 30
13
12
11
10
mm d
mm d
mm d
mm d

Kim nghim trc v bn mi
Vi thp 45 c: ) ( 600 MPA
b
= o ) ( 6 , 261
1
MPA =
o 7 , 151
1
=
t
Tra bng 10.7 ta c: 05 , 0 =
o
0 =
t

Xt tit din nguy him ti 2 v tr lp bnh rng
Vi v tr lp bnh rng
| |
1 1 1
1
1 1
1 1
. .
5 , 2 5 , 1
.
1
2 2
1
m a d
k
S
S
S S
S S
S
o o
o
o o
o
t o
t o
+
=
= >
+
=

1 1 1
1
. .
1
m a d
k
S
t t
t
t t
t
+
=


i vi trc quay ng sut un thay i theo chu k i xng 0
1
=
m
o
1
1
1
W
M
a
= o

Khi trc quay 1 chiu ng sut xon thay i theo chu k mch ng.
1
2
1 1 1
3
1
01
1
2
1 1 1
3
1
1
01
1
. 2
) ( .
16
.
. 2
) ( .
32
.
. 2
1 1
d
t d t b d
W
d
t d t b d
W
W
T
a m
=
= =
t
t
t t

Vi d=34(mm)
Tra bng 9.10 ) ( 10 mm b = ) ( 5
1
mm t =
=
=
94 , 7098
28 , 3240
01
1
W
W

= =
=
17 , 10
91 , 29
1 1
1
a m
a
t t
o

Xc nh h s
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
1
1
1
1
1
1
x
y
d
x
y
d
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
K
t
t
t
o
o
o
c
c

Tra bng 10.8 06 , 1 =
x
K vi ph- ng php gia cng v nhn b mt
chn tin 63 , 0 5 , 2 =
a
R
Tra bng 10.9 6 , 1 =
y
K vi tp trung ng sut t
=
=
0625 , 1
325 , 1
1
1
d
d
K
K
t
o

Tra bng 10.11 06 , 2 =
o
o
c
K
6 , 1 =
t
t
c
K
kiu lp l k6
=
=
04 , 14
6 , 6
1
1
t
o
S
S

| | 5 , 2 5 , 1 97 , 5
1
= > = S S
Vi trc lp bnh rng d = 36(mm) | | 5 , 2 5 , 1 628 , 9
2
= > = S S
T- ng t trc I
d=34 b= 10 h =8 5
1
= t
Vi ) ( 1 , 35 . 9 , 0
22
mm l l
m t
= =
| |
| | ) ( 30 20 11 , 12
10 . 1 , 35 . 34
72241 . 2
100 36 , 40
) 5 8 .( 1 , 35 . 34
72241 . 2
MPA
c c
d d
= s = =
= s =
=
t t
o o


Vi d=36 b=10 h=8 t=5
| |
| | ) ( 30 20 ) ( 69 , 4
) ( 100 ) ( 65 , 15
8 , 85 95 . 9 , 0 . 9 , 0
23
MPA MPA
MPA MPA
l l
c c
d d
m t
= s =
= s =
= = =
t t
o o

Trc III
34 c
l : khong cng xn trn trc III tnh t chi tit th 4 ngoi hp
gim tc trn gi .
) ( 72 18 15 ) 21 57 ( 5 , 0
34
mm l
c
= + + + =
Lc do xch tc ng trn trc ) ( 37 , 2442 N F
x
=
) ( 68 , 455 16 , 14 . 75 , 2243 .
) ( 75 , 2243
77 , 222
267881 . 2
.
. 2
) ( 57 , 850
16 , 14
38 , 20
. 75 , 2243 .
0
1
0
0
4
4 4
4
4
N tg tg F F
N
k d
T
F
N
Cos
tg
Cos
tg
F F
t a
w
k
t
tw
t r
= = =
= = =
= = =
|
|
o

=
=
) ( 14 , 772
) ( 08 , 4065
N R
N R
By
Ay

=
=
) ( 14 , 505
) ( 61 , 1738
N R
N R
Bx
Ax

Tnh ton - ng knh trc
=
=
=
=
) ( 27 , 33
) ( 0
) ( 36
) ( 6 , 35
13
12
11
10
mm d
mm d
mm d
mm d

Theo tiu chun chn:
=
=
=
=
) ( 34
) ( 35
) ( 38
) ( 35
3
31
34
30
mm d
mm d
mm d
mm d
x

T- ng t phn trc I
Tra bng 9.1a ti v tr lp bnh rng
d= 36 b=10 h=8 5
1
= t
| |
| | ) ( 30 20 41 , 17
10 . 5 , 85 . 36
267881 . 2
100 02 , 58
3 . 5 , 85 . 36
267881 . 2
) ( 5 , 85 95 . 9 , 0 9 , 0
23
MPA
mm l l
c c
d d
m t
= s = =
= s = =
= = =
t t
o o


Ti v tr lp a xch
d =34 b=10 h= 8 5
1
= t
| |
| | ) ( 30 20 32 , 24
10 . 8 , 64 . 34
267881 . 2
) ( 100 1 , 81
) 5 8 .( 8 , 64 . 34
267881 . 2
8 , 64 72 . 9 , 0
MPA
MPA
l
c c
d d
t
= s = =
= s =
=
= =
t t
o o

Phn IV: Tnh ton chn ln cho 3 trc

1. Chn loi ln cho trc I
Lc h- ng tm ti gi A (ti gi 0)
) ( 1034 4 , 1027 78 , 118
2 2 2 2
0
N R R F
Ax Ay r
= + = + =
Lc h- ng tm ti gi B (ti gi 1)
) ( 2 , 388 9 , 319 92 , 219
2 2 2 2
1
N R R F
Bx By r
= + = + =
vi 3 , 0 438 , 0
2 , 388
170
> = =
r
a
F
F
dng bi chn vi gc
0
12 = o do
7 , 0 35 , 0 =
r
a
F
F

S b tr nh- sau:

rA
F
Sa
F
1 S
F
rB
F

a
F

Tra bng P2.12 vi - ng knh trc d=20(mm) chn loi c k hiu
36104
- ng knh trong d=20(mm)
- ng knh ngoi D=42(mm)
Kh nng ti ng C= 8,30(kN)
Kh nng ti tnh
0
C = 5,42(kN)


Tnh kh nng ti ng ca
Tra bng 11.4 bi chn vi 019 , 0
9170
170
0
= =
C
F
a
30 , 0 = e
Lc dc trc do lc h- ng tm sinh ra trn cc
) ( 46 , 116 2 , 388 . 3 , 0
) ( 2 , 310 1034 . 3 , 0
1 1
N eF F
N eF F
R S
Ro So
= = =
= = =

Tra bng 11.5 vi s b tr nh- hnh v
) ( 2 , 480 ) ( 2 , 480 170 2 , 310
) ( 2 , 310 ) ( 54 , 53 170 46 , 116
1 0
1
1
N F N F F F
N F N F F F
S at S a
S at S ao
o
= > = + = + =
= < = = =

xc nh X v Y vi V=1 do vng trong quay
3 , 0 3 , 0
1034 . 1
2 , 310
.
0
0
= s = = e
F V
F
r
a
1 = X 0 = Y
3 , 0 237 , 1
2 , 388 . 1
2 , 480
1
1
= > = = e
F
F
r
a
45 , 0 = X 81 , 1 = Y
Ti trng ng trn 0 v 1
t d a r
t d a r o
K K F Y F V X Q
K K F Y F V X Q
. ) . . . (
. ) . . . (
1 1 1
0 0
+ =
+ =

Vi 3 , 1 =
t
K ( )
0
105 s t
) ( 1357 ) 2 , 480 . 81 , 1 2 , 388 . 1 . 45 , 0 (
) ( 2 , 1344 3 , 1 . 10341 . 1 . 1
1
N Q
N Q
o
= + =
= =

Vy ch cn tnh cho 1 l chu lc ln hn
Ti trong ng t- ng - ng
m
i
i
m
i
E
L
L Q
Q
=
.
vi bi chn m= 3
3
3
3 3
.
) ( 32 , 508
7
1200
1
3
.
4 , 1
8 , 0
7
1200
1
4
.
4 , 1
1
7
1200
1
1200
1
. 1357
L Q C
N Q
E d
E
=
=
(
(
(
(
+
|
.
|
\
|
+
+
|
.
|
\
|
+
+
=

3654
10
21000 . 2900 . 60
10
. . 60
6 6
= = =
h
l n
L triu vng
) ( 30 , 8 ) ( 83 , 7 3654 .
1000
32 , 508
3
kN C kN C
d
= s = =
Kh nng ti tnh: Fa Y Fr X Q
t
. .
0 0
+ =
Tra bng 11.6 vi bi chn: 5 , 0
0
= X 47 , 0
0
= Y
) ( 5420 ) ( 274 170 . 47 , 0 2 , 388 . 5 , 0
0
N C N Q
t
= < = + =


2. Chn loi ln cho trc II
Lc h- ng tm ti gi A (gi 0)
) ( 12 , 2218 15 , 2154 87 , 528
2 2
0
N Fr = + =
Lc h- ng tm ti gi B (gi 1)
) ( 3 , 1082 74 , 1081 2 , 35
2 2
1
N Fr = + =
Lc dc trc 02 , 313 2 , 166 22 , 479 = = Fa
V 3 , 0 289 , 0
3 , 1082
02 , 313
s = =
Fr
Fa
nn ta s dng bi 1 dy
Tra bng P2.7 vi - ng knh ngng trc d=30(mm) chn loi c
nh, k hiu : 206
Kh nng ti tnh
0
C = 10,2(kN)
Tnh v kim nghim kh nng ti ng ca
Tin hnh kim nghim cho 0 v chu lc ln hn
T s 0115 , 0
27200
02 , 313
0
= =
C
Fa
19 , 0 = e
V vng trong quay nn V=1 do e
Fr V
Fa
s = = 141 , 0
12 , 2218 . 1
02 , 313
.

) ( 556 , 2883 1 . 3 , 1 . 12 , 2218 . 1 . 1 . . . .
0
1
N K K Fr V X Q
Y
X
d t
= = =
=
=

1 =
t
K vi
0
105 s t
Tra bng 11.3 3 , 1 =
d
K
m
d
L Q C . = vi bi m=3
2 , 781
10
21000 . 620 . 60
10
. . 60
6 6
= = =
h
l n
L triu vng
) ( 3 , 15 15 2 , 781
1000
556 , 2883
0
3
kN C C
d
= s = =
Kh nng ti tnh Fa Y Fr X Q
t
. .
0 0
+ =
Tra bng 11.6 vi bi 1 dy
6 , 0
0
= X 5 , 0
0
= Y
) ( 2 , 10 ) ( 487 , 1 02 , 313 . 5 , 0 12 , 2218 . 6 , 0
0
kN C kN Q
t
= s = + =

3. Chn loi ln cho trc III
Tnh ton t- ng t trc I ta c
) ( 27 , 4421
0
N F
r
=
) ( 6 , 922
1
N F
r
=


Lc dc trc ) ( 68 , 455 N F
a
=
vi 3 , 0 494 , 0
6 , 922
68 , 455
> = =
r
a
F
F
dng bi chn vi gc
0
12 = o do
7 , 0 35 , 0 =
r
a
F
F

S b tr nh- sau:

rA
F
Sa
F
a
F
1 S
F
rB
F

Tra bng P2.11 vi - ng knh trc d=35(mm) chn loi c nh hp,
k hiu: 46207
Kh nng ti tnh
0
C = 16,6(kN)
Tnh kh nng ti ng ca
Tra bng 11.4 bi chn vi 028 , 0
16600
68 , 455
0
= =
C
F
a
34 , 0 = e
Lc dc trc do lc h- ng tm sinh ra trn cc
) ( 68 , 313 6 , 922 . 34 , 0
) ( 23 , 1503 27 , 4421 . 34 , 0
1 1
N eF F
N eF F
R S
Ro So
= = =
= = =

Tra bng 11.5 vi s b tr nh- hnh v
) ( 68 , 313 ) ( 55 , 1189 68 , 313 23 , 1503
) ( 23 , 1503 ) ( 364 , 769 68 , 455 68 , 313
1 0
1
1
N F N F F F
N F N F F F
S at S a
S at S ao
o
= > = = =
= < = + = + =

xc nh X v Y vi V=1 do vng trong quay
34 , 0 34 , 0
27 , 4421 . 1
23 , 1503
.
0
0
= s = = e
F V
F
r
a
1 = X 0 = Y
34 , 0 289 , 1
6 , 922 . 1
55 , 1189
.
1
1
= > = = e
F V
F
r
a
45 , 0 = X 62 , 1 = Y
Ti trng ng trn 0 v 1
t d a r
t d a r o
K K F Y F V X Q
K K F Y F V X Q
. ) . . . (
. ) . . . (
1 1 1
0 0
+ =
+ =

Vi 3 , 1 =
t
K ( )
0
105 s t
) ( 9 , 3044 3 , 1 . 1 ) 55 , 1189 . 62 , 1 6 , 922 . 1 . 45 , 0 (
) ( 65 , 5747 3 , 1 . 1 . 27 , 4421 . 1 . 1
1
N Q
N Q
o
= + =
= =


Vy ch cn tnh cho 0 l chu lc ln hn
Ti trong ng t- ng - ng
m
i
i
m
i
E
L
L Q
Q
=
.
vi bi chn m= 3
3
.
) ( 97 , 3769
L Q C
N Q
E d
E
=
=

34 , 200
10
21000 . 159 . 60
10
. . 60
6 6
= = =
h
l n
L triu vng
) ( 7 , 22 ) ( 22 , 22 34 , 200 .
1000
97 , 3769
3
kN C kN C
d
= s = =
Kh nng ti tnh: Fa Y Fr X Q
t
. .
0 0
+ =
Tra bng 11.6 vi bi chn: 5 , 0
0
= X 47 , 0
0
= Y
) ( 6 , 16 ) ( 425 , 2 68 , 455 . 47 , 0 27 , 4421 . 5 , 0
0
KN C KN Q
t
= s = + =

Phn V: Thit k v hp gim tc, bI trn v Iu chnh n
khp.
1. Tnh kt cu ca v hp:
Ch tiu ca v hp gim tc l cng cao v khi l- ng nh. Chn
vt liu
c hp gim tc l gang xm c k hiu GX 15-32.
Chn b mt ghp np v thn i qua tm trc .
2. Bi trn trong hp gim tc:
Ly chiu su ngm du khong 1/4 bn knh ca bnh rng cp
chm
(khong 30 mm).
3. Du bi trn hp gim tc :
Chn loi du l du cng nghip 45.
4. Lp bnh rng ln trc v iu chnh s n khp:
lp bnh rng ln trc ta dng mi ghp then v chn kiu lp l
H7/k6 v n
chu ti va v va p nh
5. iu chnh s n khp:
iu chnh s n khp ca hp gim tc bnh rng tr ny ta chn
chiu rng
bnh rng nh tng ln 10 % so vi chiu rng bnh rng ln.


Cc kch th-c ca cc phn t cu to nn hp gim tc c:

Tn gi Biu thc tnh ton
Chiu dy: Thn hp, o
Np hp, o
1

o = 0,03.a + 3 = 0,03.100 + 3 = 6
o=8(mm)
o
1
= 0,9. o = 0,9. 8 = 7,2 o
1
=7(mm)
Gn tng cng: Chiu dy, e
Chiu cao, h
dc
e =(0,8 1) o = 6,4 8 chn e = 7 mm
h < 58 chn h = 50 mm
Khong 2
o

- ng knh:
Bulng nn, d
1

Bulng cnh , d
2

Bulng ghp bch np v
thn, d
3

Vt ghp lp , d
4

Vt ghp lp ca thm du,
d
5

d
1
> 0,04.a+10 = 0,04.100 + 10 =14 d
1

=M16
d
2
= ( 0,7 0,8).d
1
d
2
=M12
d
3
= ( 0,8 0,9).d
2
d
3
= M10
d
4
= ( 0,6 0,7).d
2
d
4
= M8
d
5
= ( 0,5 0,6).d
2
d
5
= M6

Mt bch ghp np v thn:
Chiu dy bch thn hp, S
3

Chiu dy bch np hp, S
4

B rng bch np hp, K
3

S
3
=(1,4 1,8)d
3
, chn S
3
= 16 mm
S
4
= ( 0,9 1)S
3
= 14 mm
K
3
= K
2
( 35 ) mm = 41 5 = 36 mm
Kch th- c gi trc:
- ng knh ngoi v tm l
vt, D
3
, D
2

B rng mt ghp bulng
cnh : K
2
Tm l bulng cnh : E
2

k l khong cch t tm
bulng n mp l
Chiu cao h

nh theo kch th- c np

K
2
=E
2
+ R
2
+ (35) mm = 20 + 16 + 5 =
41mm

E
2
= 1,6.d
2
= 1,6 . 12 = 20 mm.
R
2
= 1,3 . d
2
= 1,3. 12 = 16 mm
k > 1,2.d
2
=14,2
k = 16 mm
h: ph thuc tm l bulng v kch th- c
mt ta
Mt hp:
Chiu dy: Khi khng c
phn li S
1

B rng mt hp, K
1
v q
S
1
= (1,3 1,5) d
1
S
1
= 24 mm
K
1
~ 3.d
1
~ 3.16 = 48 mm
q = K
1
+ 2o = 48 + 2.8 = 64 mm;

Khe h gia cc chi tit:
Gia bnh rng vi thnh
trong hp
Gia nh bnh rng ln vi
y hp
Gia mt bn cc bnh rng
vi nhau.
A > (1 1,2) o A = 10 mm
A
1
> (3 5) o A
1
= 30 mm
A
2
> o = 8 mm
S l- ng bulng nn Z Z = ( L + B ) / ( 200 300) ~ 1200 / 200 = 6
chn Z = 6


Phn VI bng thng k cc kiu lp, tr s ca sai lch gii
hn v dung sai ca cc kiu lp

Kiu lp
Trc I Trc II Trc III
Kiu
lp
Dung
sai
(m)
Kiu
lp
Dung
sai
(m)
Kiu
lp
Dung
sai (m)

Bnh rng -
trc

6
7
34
k
H
u
+25
0

6
7
38
k
H
u
+25
0
+18
+2
+18
+2

6
7
36
k
H
u
+25
0

+18
+2

Ni trc - Trc

6 19k u

+6,5
-6,5

Bnh xch -
Trc

6 34k u

+18
+2
ln - Trc
6 20k u
+15
+2
6 30k u
+12
+2
6 34k u
+18
+2

Bc chn -
Trc

6
8
20
k
F
u
+55
+20

6
8
30
k
F
u
+55
+20

6
8
35
k
F
u
+64
+25
+18
+2
+15
+2
+18
+2

Np V hp

11
7
42
d
H
u
+25
0

11
7
62
d
H
u
+30
0

11
7
72
d
H
u
+30
0
-80
-240
-100
-290
-100
-290

Rnh then
trn trc

9
9
6
h
N

-30
0

9
9
8
h
N

0
-36

9
9
8
h
N

0
-36
+30
+36
+36
+43
+36
+43

9
9
8
h
N

0
-36

+36
+43



Mc lc
Trang
Phn I Chn ng c v phn phi t s truyn 2
1. Tnh ton ng hc 2
2. Phn phi t s truyn 3
3. Tnh ton cc thng s v in vo bng 4
Phn II Thit k cc b truyn 5
A. Tnh ton b truyn cp nhanh (Bnh tr rng nghing) 5
1. Chn vt liu 5
2. Xc nh ng sut tip xc cho php, ng sut un cho php,
5
vi b truyn cp nhanh v cp chm 5
3. Tnh ton nhanh b truyn bnh rng tr rng nghing 7

B. Tnh ton b truyn cp chm 11
C. Tnh ton b truyn ngoi 15
Phn III Thit k trc v chn ln 17
1. Chn vt liu ch to 17
2. Xc nh - ng knh s b 17
3. Xc nh khong cch gia cc gi v im t lc 18
4. Xc nh tr s v chiu cc lc t chi tit quay tc dng ln trc
19
Tnh ton trc I 20
Tnh ton trc II 22
Tnh ton trc III 25
Phn IV: Tnh ton chn ln cho 3 trc 27
1. Chn loi ln cho trc I 27
2. Chn loi ln cho trc II 28
3. Chn loi ln cho trc III 29
Phn V: Thit k v hp gim tc
30
bI trn v Iu chnh n khp.
1. Tnh kt cu ca v hp 31
2. Bi trn trong hp gim tc 31
3. Du bi trn hp gim tc 31
4. Lp bnh rng ln trc v iu chnh s n khp
31
5. iu chnh s n khp 31
Cc kch th- c ca cc phn t cu to nn hp gim tc c 31
Phn VI: bng thng k cc kiu lp
33


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