GROUP ANIMALS Live in group Two types: Live alone Large colonies Small groups Large colonies - Example:

ple: Colony of ants - Consist of several thousands to hundred thousands Small groups - Example: elephants, lions, wolves and baboons - A group of lions known as a pride consists of several to 40 lions tiger Examples:

SOLITARY ANIMALS

giant panda eagle cheetah bear

only come together for mating WHY? to avoid competition for food and space Mark their territory in certain ways to warn their enemies Example: - tiger make scent and scratch marks Need to be in control of certain area to get enough food

Advantages Can work together to build their nest and collect food Can help each other to defend themselves from enemies Abundant source of food - needs to be in control of a small territory E.G: Indian tiger in Nepal

Limited source of food - needs to be in control of a large territory E.G: Amur tiger in Russia

Task:

1. What is group animals and list out three examples of group animals. 2. What is solitary animals and give three examples of solitary animals. 3. State two advantages of a group of animals that live together.

COMPETITION Is one type of interaction WHY? occurs when two or more living things have the same needs that are limited Competition Among Animals Factors food water mate shelter Among animals of the same species - E.G: Two group of lions compete to be in control of territory that can provided them with food and space Between different species of animals - E.G: A tiger competes with a group of wolves to catch prey Competition for FOOD and WATER Occurs when the food and water resources are limited The more limited the resources. the more intense the competition If the resources abundant, animals do not need to compete territory of the same species different species

the stronger animal will become the winner and gain control the weaker or loser will be eliminated

Competition for MATE Occurs among the same species WHY? need to mate to ensure the survival of their species

Competition for SHELTER and TERRITORY Occurs when animals are looking for shelter or defending their own shelter Need to be in control of certain territory that provides them with food, water and shelter

Task:

1. In what situation competition occurs? 2. Give example of competition of a) animals of the same species (intra species) b) different species of animals (inter species) 3. List out several factors that cause the competition among animals.

Competition Among Plants Plants compete for space water sunlight -

Plants in the rainforest do not grow equally fast because they receive different amounts of water and sunlight each plant will try to grow taller to get more sunlight Plants with woody stem will be more successful in the competition for light Plants with weak stems will use special adaptation to reach for light Example: the money plant uses its clasping roots to attach itself to the trunk of a tree

nutrients -

If more plants grow in an area, the competition gets more intense Example: competition more intense in a forest than in a field