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mizg; gpur;ridf;Ff; fPo;f;fz;l epue;ju jPh;Tfisg; ngw KbAk;.

1. ,Lf;fp mizf;Ff; fPo;> ePiug; gad;gLj;jf; $ba tha;g;Gfs; kpff; Fiwthf

,Ug;gjhy;> mq;F gad;gLj;jf; $ba ePhpd; mstpw;Nf> kpd; cw;gj;jpf;F ePiug;
gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. ,jw;F ,Lf;fp mizf;fhd ePh;tbg;gFjpapypUe;J ,g;NghJ
fpilf;ff;$ba ePh; tsj;jpy; ghjpNa NghJkhdnjd;gjhy; nghpahW mizapypUe;J
ePh; ngWtJ Njitaw;wJ. fpilf;ff;$ba ePh;tsk; KOtijAk; gad;gLj;Jk;
mstpw;F> tha;g;Gfis cUthf;fpdhy; me;j mstpw;F kpd; cw;gj;jpiaAk;
mjpfhpf;f
KbAk;. kpd; cw;gj;jpiag; ngUf;f ,Lf;fp mizg;gFjpapy; mZkpd;
epiyak; mikf;f top nra;ayhk;. mJ tiu> nghpahW ePh; %yk; jkpo;ehl;by;
cw;gj;jp nra;ag;gLk; 140 nkfhthl; kpd;rhuj;jpy;> kj;jpa muR eph;zapf;Fk; xU
gFjpia ,ytrkhf Nfus khepyj;jpw;F toq;fyhk;.
2. jkpo;ehL
muR
jw;NghJ
toq;fptUk;
epytuj;jpw;Nfw;wgb cah;j;jg;glNtz;Lk;.

Fj;jifj;

njhif

,d;iwa

3. Vw;fdNt gykhff; fl;lg;gl;Lj; njhlh;e;J gykhf ,Ue;J te;j nghpahW miz>

NkYk; gyg;gLj;jg;gl;L mizapd; gyk; gw;wpa gpur;ridf;Nf ,lkpy;yhjjhy;
mizapd; KOf; nfhs;ssthd 152 mb tiu ePiuj; Njf;fp 1886 kw;Wk;
1970 k; tUl xg;ge;jq;fspd; mbg;gilapy; jkpo;ehl;by; kpd; cw;gj;jpf;Fk;>
ghrdj;jpw;Fk;> FbePUf;Fk; KOikahfg; gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;. "ve;jf; fl;LkhdKk;
(fl;blk;>

rhiy>

ghyk;>

mizf;fl;L

Nghd;wit)

mjidg;

gad;

gLj;jhtpl;lhYk; ghohFk;. guhkhpf;fhtpl;lhYk; ghohFk;" vd;gJ fl;Lkhdj; njhopy;

El;g;g
miz

tpjpahFk;.
Nghd;w

Kiwahfg;

gad;gLj;jpr;

ve;jf;fl;LkhdKk;

rhpahfg;

MAs;

guhkhpj;J

te;jhy;

fzf;fpy;yhky;

nghpahW

vd;nwd;Wk;

epiyj;jpUf;Fk; vd;gij midtUk; ftdj;jpy; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;.

4. nghpahW ePh;> jkpo;ehl;by; cs;s kpd; cw;gj;jp epiyaj;jpw;F 1700 mb cau

kiyapypUe;J gha;tjhy;> kpd; cw;gj;jpf;F kpf mjpf ePh; kpd;rf;jp fpilf;fpwJ.
kpd; cw;gj;jpf;Fg; gpd; ntspNaWk; ePhpd; msT> jkpo;ehl;by; ghrdj;jpw;Fj;
Njitg;gLk;
ePhpy; xU rpwpa gFjp vd;gjhy;> rpwe;j ghrd epH; Nkyhd;ik
Kiwfisf; ifahz;L NkYk; ghrd gug;ig tphpthf;Ftjpd;%yk; ePhpd;
cgNahfj;jpwDk; mjpfkhFk;.
5. twl;rpahd gFjp kf;fSf;F tho;thjhukhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;> nghpahW mizapd;
gad;ghl;il NkYk; mjpfg;gLj;j> ePhpay; kl;l msTfs; VJthf ,Uf;Fkhapd;>
Njf;fj;jpypUe;J ePh; ntspNa nry;Yk; fhy;thapd; Moj;ij ,d;Dk; 4 mb
mjpfg;gLj;jp Njf;f cauk; 100 mb te;jTlNdNa ePh; ntspNWk;gb nra;a
Ntz;Lk;.
6. ePh;j;Njitapd; mj;jpahtrpaj;ijg; nghWj;J> ePh;j;Njf;fj;jpypUe;J tpirg; gk;Gfs;
%yKk; ePiu ,iwj;J fhy;tha;f;Fs; nrYj;Jtjw;F mDkjp mspf;f Ntz;Lk;.

7. nghpahW miziag; guhkhpg;gjpy; Nfus muR> jkpo;ehL muRf;F KO

xj;Jiog;G toq;f Ntz;Lk;. mizapd; gyk; mjd; guhkhpg;G rk;ge;jg;gl;ljhy;>
mizapd; gyj;jpw;F ,U muRfSk; nghWg;Ngw;f Ntz;Lk;.
8. ehl;by; ePh;tsk; cghpahf cs;s Mw;Wtbg; gFjpfisg; gl;baypl;L> mq;Fs;s
ePh;tsj;ij> Njitg;gLk; gpw gFjpfSf;Fg; gphpj;J toq;fp eph;tfpf;Fk; mjpfhuj;ij
kj;jpa muRf;F toq;Fk;gb ePh;tsg; gad;ghL rl;lj;jpy; jpUj;jq;fs; nfhz;L tu
Ntz;Lk;. mg;gb nra;jhy;jhd; xU cWjpahd Njrpa ePh;tsg; gad;ghl;Lf;
nfhs;ifia cUthf;fp> twl;rpahd gFjpfSf;F ePiu gq;fpl;L toq;Ftjd; %yk;
ehl;bd; xUikg;ghl;il tYg;gLj;j KbAk;.

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