Treatment of COD and Color by EC Process From Textile Wastewaters

ULUSLARARASI SRDRLEBLR SU VE ATIKSU
YNETM SEMPOZYUMU
BLDRLER KTABI
CLT 1
INTERNATIONAL SUSTAINABLE WATER AND

WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYMPOSIUM
PROCEEDINGS
VOLUME I
26 - 28 Ekim 2010
Editrler:
Mehmet Emin AYDIN
Ali TOR
Senar ZCAN
Konya, 2010
Create PDF files without this message by purchasing novaPDF printer (http://www.novapdf.com)
ULUSLARARASI SRDRLEBLR SU VE ATIKSU

YNETM SEMPOZYUMU
BLDRLER KTABI
CLT 2
INTERNATIONAL SUSTAINABLE WATER AND

WASTEWATER MANAGEMENT SYMPOSIUM
PROCEEDINGS
VOLUME II
26 - 28 Ekim 2010
Editrler:
Mehmet Emin AYDIN
Ali TOR
Senar ZCAN
Konya, 2010
International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

26-28 October 2010 Konya/Turkey
Aydin & Tor & Ozcan (Eds)
NDEKLER
Sempozyum Kurullar ............................................................................................................................ xiii

Sempozyum A Konumalar ............................................................................................................. xv
Water Sources / Su Kaynaklar
Exceed - Excellence Center For Development Cooperation Sustainable Water Management in
Developing Countries
Ali Mfit BAHADIR, Heike DIECKMANN............................................................................................................ 1
Risk Management As a Tool to Protect Water Resources
Mohammad SHAHRIARI, Mehmet Emin AYDIN, Erol PEHLIVAN ................................................................... 10
Sanayide klim Deiikliine Uyum: Eko-Verimlilik Yaklam le Su Tasarrufuna Ynelik Pilot
Uygulamalar
Emrah ALKAYA, Merve BRC, Ferda ULUTA, Gksel Niyazi DEMRER............................................... 21
Maintaining Disinfectant Residual and Controlling Nitrification in a Large Regional Water Supply
System
Delvin E. DEBOER.................................................................................................................................................... 30
The Red Sea Dead Sea Project: A Solution to the Water Crisis in Jordan
Abbas AL-OMARI, Markus HUBER ....................................................................................................................... 40
Evaluation of Methods Used for Determination of Groundwater Protecting Zones in Karstic Areas
Mustafa YILDIRIM, Bulent TOPKAYA ................................................................................................................... 52
Water Efficiency
zlem DURMU, Gnay KOCASOY...................................................................................................................... 62
Konya Ovasnda Sulu Tarmn Sorunlar ve zm nerileri
Mehmet AHN, Mehmet ZENGN, Sleyman SOYLU, Sinan SHER, Duran YAVUZ ................................... 71
Evsel Atksu Artmnda letme Problemleri: Elaz Atksu Artma Tesisi rnei
Ayhan NL, M. Sara TUN, Glad USLU ........................................................................................................ 81
Su Ynetiminde Hukuksal ve Kurumsal Danklk
Atila TRKYILMAZ ................................................................................................................................................ 90
Su Kaybn Azaltma Stratejisi ve Kayp Su Ynetimi
Atila TRKYILMAZ ................................................................................................................................................ 99
Methods for Reduction of Water Consumption
Beyhan OKTAR ........................................................................................................................................................ 108
Review of Carbon Fluxes Within Constructed Wetlands and Evaluate of Studies in Europe
Birol KAYRANLI ...................................................................................................................................................... 117
i

Integrated Constructed Wetland Treatment Systems

Birol KAYRANLI ...................................................................................................................................................... 123
A Research for Pollution in the Groundwater of Melendiz Water Basin
. Samet KARADAVUT, A. Cemal SAYDAM, Erkan KALIPCI, Sedat KARADAVUT, Celalettin ZDEMR,
Sava DURDURAN .................................................................................................................................................. 128
GIS-Based Decision Support Systems for Integrated Water Resources Management
Derya OZTURK, Fatmagul BATUK, Sebahattin BEKTAS...................................................................................... 139
Ailelerde Srdrlebilir Tketim Davranlar: Evlerde Su Ynetimi ve Su Kullanm
Gulay GUNAY, Hakan YILMAZ............................................................................................................................. 145
The Education Study for Economic Use of Water: The Case of Kayseri
zgr ZDEMR, Nurullah SARIMERMER, Hakan TATLI ................................................................................. 157
Su Tketiminde Birliktelik Analizi le Kullanc zelliklerinin Etkisi
Hakan YILMAZ, Muharrem DENC ................................................................................................................. 164
Yerel Ynetimlerde mesuyu ebeke Kayplar Envanter almas ukurova Blgesi rnei
Halil KABAK ............................................................................................................................................................ 174
Su Ynetimini stlenen Kooperatiflere Ortak Olan reticilerin Bak Asyla Su Kaynaklarnn
Korunmasnda Sulama Kooperatiflerinin Katks
Harun HURMA, Erol ZKAN, Baak AYDIN ....................................................................................................... 183
Su Kaynaklarnn Ynetimi Kapsamnda Akgedik Barajnn Sulama ve mesuyu Amal Olarak
Yeniden Planlanmas
Hasan Grhan STN ............................................................................................................................................ 192
Integrated Water Resources Management
Hilal ARSLANOLU IIK, Nilfer NACAR KOER ............................................................................................ 198
EE Gl Gzlemleri ve Gl Seviyelerinde Uzun Dnem Deiimler
Mustafa ZKAYA, Ycel KAYA, Mehmet YILDIZ, smail UAR ....................................................................... 206
Su Fiyatlandrmas Mantalitesi
Naci RS ................................................................................................................................................................... 219
Mersin li Sel Riskinin Corafi Bilgi Sistemi le Aratrlmas
Olcay ZER, Zeynel DEMREL, M.Taner ALDIRDAK........................................................................................ 222
Tuz Gl zel evre Koruma Blgesi Su Kaynaklarnn Korunmas ve Ynetimi
Sibel MER .............................................................................................................................................................. 231
Constructed Wetlands for The Middle Black Sea Countries: Subsurface Horizantal Systems for
Sustainable Sanitation
Yksel ARDALI, Glen ZYAZICI, Osman ZDEMR, Fulya AYDIN ............................................................... 244
The Integrated Subsurface-Flow Constructed Wetlands in Samsun for The Sanitation of Small
Communities: The Case Study, Yrkal
Yksel ARDALI, Glen ZYAZICI, Osman ZDEMR, Fulya AYDIN ............................................................... 249
ii

Avrupa Birlii Su ereve Direktifi ve Direktifin Trkiyede Uygulanmas

Ahmet UURELL, Volkan O. TEKN, Grdal KANAT ....................................................................................... 254
evre Ahlk Asndan Suyun ll Kullanm
Hseyin AYDIN ....................................................................................................................................................... 261
Azerbaican Cumhuriyyetinin Su Gvenlii: imdiki Durum ve Perspektifler
Farda IMANOV, Ahmed MAMMADOV, Alakbar HASANALIYEV, Rustam RAJABOV................................... 269
Evaluating the Impacts of Climate Change in the Gediz Basin
Bar YILMAZ ........................................................................................................................................................... 274
Drinking Water / me Suyu

Research Case Studies on Removal of Trace Contaminants from Water
Zdravka LAZAROVA .............................................................................................................................................. 284
Surface and Solution Behavior of Surfactants Produced From Lignite Humic Acids
Anna TVRTNKOV, Martin DRASTK, Jan DAVD, Ji KUERK .............................................................. 290
Cadmium and Nickel Removal from Aqueous Solutions with Walnut Shell and Almond Shell
Treated by Citric Acid
Trkan ALTUN, Erol PEHLVAN ........................................................................................................................... 301
The Application of Electrodeposition Process on the Removal of Cadmium Ions from Aqueous
Solutions
Serkan BAYAR, Recep BONCUKCUOLU, Alper Erdem YILMAZ, Baybars Ali FL,
Vahdettin TOSUNOLU ......................................................................................................................................... 313
Concentrations in Drinking Water in The City of Mersn to Investigate Trihalomethane
Gamze KOYUNCU, Hdaverdi ARSLAN, Halil KUMBUR .................................................................................. 324
Chemical Oxidation of Diazinon in Aqueous Solution by Ozonation
Fatma BEDUK, Mehmet Emin AYDIN, Senar OZCAN ......................................................................................... 331
Sivas li Su Datm Sistemindeki Su Kayplar ve Kontrol Yntemler
Fehiman NER, Sinan ZER, kr ASLAN ....................................................................................................... 339
An Investigation on Removal of Chlorinated Organics from Water with Catalytic Ozonation
Ahmet KILI, Ayegl LATFOLU ...................................................................................................................... 347
Analysis of Denitrification Process in Biological Activated Carbon (BAC) Used for Drinking Water
Treatment
idem ALIYAZICIOLU, Kozet YAPSAKLI, Blent MERTOLU, Ferhan EEN ........................................ 355
Perchlorate (ClO4) Sources in Drinking Water and Treatment Methods
Erturul ESMERAY, Mehmet Emin AYDIN ........................................................................................................... 361
On The Use of Genetic Expression Programming in Aeration: A Case Study for Venturi Weirs
Mehmet UNSAL, Ahmet BAYLAR, Fahri OZKAN, Turgut KAYA ...................................................................... 370
iii

Using Venturi Tubes in Two Phase Aeration Processes

Ahmet BAYLAR, Fahri OZKAN, Mehmet UNSAL................................................................................................ 378
Gne Enerjili Su Damtma Sistemlerinin Karlatrlmas
N. Dilek SMER, Demir NAN ............................................................................................................................... 387
The Effects of pH and Organic Matter Concentration on the Formation of Trihalomethane (THMs)
Compounds
Sezen KUCUKCONGAR, Mehmet Faik SEVIMLI ................................................................................................. 393
Karaman li Krsal Blgelerdeki me Suyu Kalitesinin Deerlendirilmesi
Zafer ZEYBEK, Sami KARAGZ ............................................................................................................................ 399
Volatile Organic Compounds Adsorption on Konya Region Lignite After Activation
Sheyla TONGUR, Mehmet Emin AYDIN ............................................................................................................. 409
Factors Influencing Disinfection By-Products Formation in 6 Drinking Water Reservoirs in Konya,
Turkey
Glnihal KARA, Sheyla TONGUR, Mehmet Emin AYDIN................................................................................. 418
Optimization of Analytical Methods for the Determination of HAAs: Application to Drinking Waters
from Konya/Turkey
Glnihal KARA, Sheyla TONGUR, Mehmet Emin AYDIN................................................................................. 424
Chemical and Bacteriological Study of the Samples Taken from the Fresh Water Fountains of the City
of Konya
Cengiz AKKZ, Filiz BAARAN DEMR .............................................................................................................. 429
Water and Wastewater Quality / Su ve Atksu Kalitesi

Toxicity Analysis of Water and Wastewater with Practical and Low Cost Microbiotests
Guido PERSOONE ................................................................................................................................................... 435
Biotesting of Untreated Wastewaters and Landfill Leachates of the City Konya
Marit KOLB, Senar OZCAN, Suheyla YILDIZ, Gulnihal KARA, Mehmet Enim AYDIN, Muefit BAHADIR .... 445
Konya Kapal Havzasnda Yzeysel Su Kalitesi
. AKTA, H.A. GRPINAR, S.. AYAZ, S. DALI, O. AKYOL, C. AYDNER, M. TIRIS, L. AKA ............. 455
Uncertainties of Bacterial Inactivation in Marine Environment
Ozgur Bulent YALCIN, Ayse MUHAMMETOGLU............................................................................................... 462
Trkiyede Kentsel Atksu Ynetimi ve Hassas Alanlarmz
Ahmet ALADA ...................................................................................................................................................... 473
Konya Yerleim Alan Yeraltsuyu Seviye Deiimi Deerlendirmesi ve Kimyasal zellikleri
zlem HORASAN, Abdlkadir BULDUK, Metin TEKDERE ............................................................................... 481
Characterization of Landfill Leachates in Turkey
Deniz AKGL, Blent MERTOLU, Burak YZER.............................................................................................. 492
iv

The Importance as Environmental Waste Using Water in Biodiesel Purification

Eda ONDUL, Nadir DIZGE, Bulent KESKINLER .................................................................................................. 500
Yeraltsularnda Arsenik Kirlilii ve Kontrol
Emine UTAY, Elif Gamze GNDOAN, zer INAR ...................................................................................... 503
Assessment of Variations in Surface Water Quality with GIS from Samsun Province, Turkey
Feza GEYK, Aziz MAN, Yasemin MAN.................................................................................................. 510
Akyatan Lagnnn Yzey Suyunda ve Dip Sedimentinde Azot ve Fosfor Kirliliinin
Mevsimsel Deiimi
Zeliha SELEK, Gkhan YAMAN, Ayegl DEMR ................................................................................................ 516
Determination of Nitrate (NO3) Concentration in Underground Water that is Used for Agricultural
Irrigation in Yalova
Gorkem DALKIRAN, Birol BAKI, Hayrullah KAYA ............................................................................................. 527
Karakaya Baraj Gl Su Kalitesinin ncelenmesi
Mehmet KKYILMAZ, Glad USLU, Nevin BRC, Nedim Grel RNEK, Nurettin YILDIZ,
Tunay EKER............................................................................................................................................................ 536
Bioaccumulation of Copper (II) and Cadmium (II) from Aqueous Solution by Pseudomonas
putida NRRL B-252
Glad USLU, Gulden GULTEKIN, Mehtap TANYOL ......................................................................................... 545
Elaz Kenti Evsel Atksu Artma Tesisinin Bakteriyolojik zelliklerinin Aratrlmas
Glad USLU, Mehtap TANYOL, Ayhan NL, M. Sara TUN......................................................................... 555
Anatolia Watershed Rehabilitation Project Studies for Prevention of Water Pollution
Hanifi AKBIYIK ........................................................................................................................................................ 561
Determination of Organochlorne Pesticides Concentrations in Surface and Ground Water
Samples in Bolu and Forming the Pollution Maps
Hatice KARADENIZ, Serpil YENISOY-KARAKA ............................................................................................... 566
Comparison of Different Enterpolation Techniques for Groundwater Nitrate Concentration Maps
Mevlut UYAN, Ismail Bulent GUNDOGDU .......................................................................................................... 571
Groundwater of Azerbaijan
Alakbarov ADISHIRIN, Imanov FARDA, Hasanaliyev ALEKBER ...................................................................... 577
Sivas mesuyu Artma Tesisi Giri Suyu Kalitesindeki Deiimlerin ncelenmesi
Mustafa ZTRK, Sayiter YILDIZ.......................................................................................................................... 582
Altnapa Baraj Suyunun Su Karakterinin Tespiti
Mcahit Sami KKTILI ................................................................................................................................... 592
me Suyu Kaynaklarnda Algal Toksinler ve Kontrolnn Deerlendirilmesi
Olcayto KESKNKAN, Turan YILMAZ .................................................................................................................. 602
A Comparative Study of Arima and Neural Network Modeling Approaches in Water Quality Time
Series Prediction
mer Faruk DURDU ................................................................................................................................................ 608
v

Investigation of Lake Kovada Water Quality According to Physicochemical Parameters

ehnaz ENER, Erhan ENER, Razaman KKKARA ...................................................................................... 620
Microalgal Production in Wastewater
Yaar DURMAZ, Gamze AYDOAN, evket GKPINAR, Z. Vezan KARABULUT , Edis KORU ................... 628
Ilgn avuu Gl Sulama Kanalnda Su Kalitesi Parametrelerinin ncelenmesi
Zeynep Kbra DNMEZ , Erol PEHLVAN........................................................................................................... 633
Biological and Industrial Importance of amalti (Izmir-Turkey) Coastal Solar Saltworks Ecosystem
Edis KORU, Yaar DURMAZ .................................................................................................................................. 641
Monitoring Underground Water on Basin Shkumbin River, Albania
Hysen MANKOLLI, Sukru DURSUN, H.Nagehan UCAN ................................................................................... 651
The Potential for Leachate Pollution from the Open Dumping Areas: The Case of Turkey
N. Gamze TURAN, Baak MESC ........................................................................................................................... 655
Domestic and Industrial Wastewaters / Evsel ve Endstriyel Atksular

Long Term Experience with Wastewater Reuse in Braunschweig/Germany: Implementation,
Management and Optimisation
Daniel KLEIN, Thomas DOCKHORN, Andreas HARTMANN, Norbert DICHTL ............................................. 661
Treatment of COD and Color by EC Process from Textile Wastewaters
Fatih LHAN, Kamil B. VARINCA, M. Talha GNLL, Caner KASAR ........................................................... 669
Sanayide Kullanlan Su ve Geri Kazanm Konya Organize Sanayi Blgesi rnei
Hseyin KARA, Mehmet Emin AYDIN, Ahmet ARUNDA, Akif BYKMUMCU.......................................... 677
Kayseri eker Fabrikas Atksularnn Biyolojik Artlmas in Orbal Sistemin Kullanlmas
brahim PEKER, Hamdi MIHIOKUR, Talip TURNA .......................................................................................... 687
Determination of the Environmental Effects of Refening in Jewelery
Orhan INCE, Ozlem KARAHAN, Seval SOZEN, Zeynep CETECIOGLU, Nazl GOKCEK, Derin ORHON ..... 693
Mimarsinan Organize Sanayi Blgesinde Atksu Ynetimi
Oktay ZKAN, Fatma VARNL, Ali BAHRAN.................................................................................................... 699
Ecological Sanitation Sustainable Domestic Wastewater Management
Gokce PARER ........................................................................................................................................................... 706
Application of ISO 14000 Environmental Management System Standards to Marble Sector
Hilal ARSLANOLU IIK, Nilfer NACAR KOER ............................................................................................ 715
Literature Review of PHA Production Processes
Kevser CIRIK, ebnem ZDEMR, Dilek AYDOMU, zer INAR................................................................. 724
Use of Policy Instruments for Water and Wastewater
Seil BOZKURT, Zeki BOZKURT, Fuat BUDAK .................................................................................................... 735
vi

Wastewater and Effects on Health of Human

Mehmet AKZ ......................................................................................................................................................... 741
Wastewater Treatment / Atksu Artm

Characterizing the Performances and Effluent Quality of Wastewater Treatment Processes Using
Ultraviolet Absorbance
Eakalak KHAN, Sutha KHAODHIAR, Kullapa SORATANA ............................................................................... 743
Effects of Solids Retention Time in Chemostat on Dissolved Organic Nitrogen and Its Biodegradability
in Treated Wastewater
Halis SIMSEK, Sudhir MURTHY, Eakalak KHAN ................................................................................................. 753
Treatment of Municipal Wastewater Using Extended Aeration-Ultrafiltration Process in a Submerged
Membrane Bioreactor
Mustafa TURAN, zgr ZDEMIR ....................................................................................................................... 762
Domestic Wastewaters and Two Options for Their Treatment and Reuse: Membrane Processes
and Lagoons
Celal Ferdi GOKCAY ............................................................................................................................................... 770
Wastewater-Reuse and Elimination of Micro Pollutants by MBR Technology and Ozonation
Anja RACH, Winfried SPEUSER ............................................................................................................................. 778
The Effect of Influent COD Fractionation on Appropriate Selection and Operation of Activated Sludge
Process for Nutrient Removal
Gl INSEL, Mustafa IRAK, Gyasettin GNE, Emine Ubay OKGR........................................................ 788
Change of Concentrations of Pollutant Parameters in the Treatment of Domestic Wastewaters
by Sequencing Batch Reactors and Control of System By ORP Measurements
Neslihan MANAV DEMR, Eyp DEBK ............................................................................................................... 796
Constructed Wetlands: Design, Efficiency, Economy, Power Savings and Environmental Consideration
Yksel ARDALI ........................................................................................................................................................ 804
Assessment of The SCS-CN Initial Abstraction Ratio During Rain-On-Snow Events
Zain M. AL-HOURI, Michael E. BARBER ............................................................................................................... 812
Uzun Havalandrmal Aktif amur Sistemlerinde Nitrobenzenli Atk Suyun Artlmas zerine Bir
Aratrma
Alev AKIR, Olcayto KESKNKAN........................................................................................................................ 822
Waste Water Treatment Practices in Turkey During the Process of Harmonization with the European
Union
Belgin CAKMAK, Berna KENDIRLI ....................................................................................................................... 828
Enrichment of Anammox Bacteria in Reactor Packed With Kaldnes Rings
idem KALKAN, Kozet YAPSAKLI, Blent MERTOLU.................................................................................. 840
Evaluation of Physicochemical Pre-Treatment Methods of Olive Mill Wastewater
Ece mm DEVEC, Yamur UYSAL, Yakup CUC, zer INAR ...................................................................... 846
vii

Membran Prosesler erisinde Elektrodiyaliz Prosesi, Mekanizmas ve Uygulama Alanlar

Fatih LHAN, M.Talha GNLL, Yaar AVAR, Uur KURT, Harun Akif KABUK ...................................... 853
The Evaluation of Water Obtained from Different Waste Water Treatment Methods as to Irrigation
Water Quality
Fatma ZKAY, smail TA, Suat AKGL .............................................................................................................. 861
Color Removal from Textile Effluents Containing Dyes Using Sepiolite
Semra ORUH, Feza GEYK................................................................................................................................ 867
The Influence of Activation on the Removal of Zinc Ion from Aqueous Solutions Using Sepiolite
Gaye ENEL, Semra ORUH, Osman Nuri ERGUN ............................................................................................. 873
Makrolid Grubu Antibiyotikleri Artan Anaerobik ok Kademeli Yatak Reaktrn (AKYR) Verim
zellikleri Arasndaki statistiksel likiler
Hakan ELEB, Delya SPONZA.............................................................................................................................. 880
Application of Various Adsorption Isotherm Models for the Adsorption of Ibuprofen by Live
Activated Sludge
Halil KABAK, Mesut BASIBUYUK ......................................................................................................................... 890
Determination of Activated Sludge Floc Characteristics Using Image Processing
Halime BOZTOPRAK, Yksel ZBAY, Dnyamin GL, Murat KKHEMEK ........................................ 900
Sorption Equilibrium of Cr(VI) Ions on Cedrus Deodora Pollen Cones as Low-Cost Adsorbents
Havva KAHRAMAN, erife PARLAYICI, Erol PEHLVAN ................................................................................. 903
Controling the Filamentous Bacteria Creating Problems in Activated Sludge Process of Domestic
Waste Water Treatment Plants
Mahmud GUNGOR, brahim Engin DEMRC, Sibel YILDIZ............................................................................... 910
Metilen Mavisi (MM) Boyar Maddesinin Modifiye im At (MA) Kullanlarak Sulu Ortamlardan
Adsorpsiyon le Giderilmesi
M. Yunus PAMUKOLU......................................................................................................................................... 919
Adsorbtion of Cr(VI) on Ureolytic Mixed Culture from Biocatalytic Calcification Reactor
Levent ALTA, Ahmet KILI, Hasan KOYT, Mustafa IIK .......................................................................... 927
Evsel Atksularn Foto-Fenton Prosesi le Artlmalar
Nuray EN, Nihal BEKTA, Mesut TEKBA, H. Cengiz YATMAZ ..................................................................... 937
Treatment and Reuse of Domestic Wastewater by Membrane Bioreactor: METU Application
Okan Tark KOMESL, Mert BERBEROLU, Melis MUZ, M. Selcen SNMEZ, Metin ARIKAN,
Celal Ferdi GKAY ............................................................................................................................................... 946
Su Kirlilii Kontrolnde nerilen Adsorbentler ve Uygulanabilirlikleri
Olcayto KESKNKAN, Turan YILMAZ, Behzat BALCI, Fatma Elin ERKURT ................................................... 950
Investigation of Start-Up and Initial Stage of Anaerobic Hybrid Reactor for Cheese Whey Treatment
Sadk UYUM, Osman Nuri ADA ....................................................................................................................... 960
Investigation of Filterability of a Marble Wastewater by Glassy Ceramic Filters
Osman AN, Cem ZGR ...................................................................................................................................... 966
viii

Decolorization Studies of Remazol Brilliant Violet-5R Under Anaerobic-Aerobic Cyclic Conditions

Kevser CIRIK, Dilek AYDOMU, ebnem ZDEMR, zer INAR................................................................. 977
Decoloration of Organic Dye from Aqueous Solution by High Voltage Discharge
zlem Seluk KUU, M. Yunus PAMUKOLU, Seluk MLEKI................................................................ 985
Power Generation from Organic Wastewater Using a Bio-Cathode Microbial Fuel Cell (MFC)
Pelin AVDAR, Elif YILMAZ, Blent MERTOLU, Bar ALLI........................................................................ 989
Zeytinya Karasuyunun Kimyasal Olarak Artlabilirlii
Pelin EKC, aatayhan Bekir ERS ..................................................................................................................... 997
Sivas Atksu Artma Tesisi letme Verilerinin Tasarm Deerlerine Gre ncelenmesi
Sayiter YILDIZ, Mustafa ZTRK.......................................................................................................................... 1005
eker Fabrikas Atksularndan Biyolojik Kalsiyum Giderimi
Samet ZCAN, smail MEK, Levent ALTA, Mustafa IIK ............................................................................. 1014
rolitik Mikroorganizma levine amur Yann Etkisi
Samet ZCAN, smail MEK, Levent ALTA, Mustafa IIK ............................................................................. 1020
Constructed Wetlands for Municipal Waste Water Treatment; Case Study of akrbeyli Village
Seluk GMEZ, Yldrm KAYAM, Zahide Lamia BLR.................................................................................... 1026
Removal of Pb2+ Ions From Synthetic Wastewater Using a Novel N-Vinyl Imidazole Based Hydrogels
Melike FIRLAK, Soner UBUK, Ece KK YETIMOLU, Memet Vezir KAHRAMAN ...................................... 1035
Investigation of Endocrine Disrupting Compound Removal Efficiencies of Istanbul Wastewater
Treatment Plants
Serkan EVCIMEN, Melike FIRLAK, Aslhan KER, Zehra Semra CAN .............................................................. 1043
Adsorption of Hexavalent Chromium from Aqueous Solution on Daucus Carota L. Residues
erife PARLAYICI, Havva KAHRAMAN, Erol PEHLVAN ................................................................................. 1051
Anaerobic Baffled Reactor (ABR) and Its Applications for Wastewater Treatment
Tuba YILMAZ........................................................................................................................................................... 1059
Cd2+ and Ni2+ Removal from Aqueous Solutions by Sorption with Walnut Shell and Almond Shell
Trkan ALTUN, Erol PEHLVAN ........................................................................................................................... 1065
An Investigation on the Use of Fly Ash for As(V) Removal
mmihan TEKE, Ayenur UURLU ................................................................................................................... 1078
The Effects of Operational Parameters on Ni(II) Removal from Aqueous Solutions By Ion Exchange
Process
Baybars Ali FL, Recep BONCUKCUOLU, Alper Erdem YILMAZ, Serkan BAYAR ........................................ 1086
Investigation of Treatment of Boron Industries Waste Waters By Nanofiltration
brahim KARAKA, Recep BONCUKUOLU, M. Muhtar KOCAKERM, Alper E.YILMAZ,
A.T. YILMAZ ............................................................................................................................................................ 1099
Relation Between Waste Water Treatment and Water Tariff Study According to Malatya Sample
M.Oktay OZELCI ..................................................................................................................................................... 1106
ix

Removal of Zinc from Industrial Waste Leachate by Walnut Shell

N. Gamze TURAN, Baak MESC ........................................................................................................................... 1114
Wastewater Reuse / Atksularn Yeniden Kullanm

Overview of Issues Relating to Reuse of Treated Wastewater in Middle Eastern and North African
Countries
David J. MULLA ....................................................................................................................................................... 1122
Water Demand Side Measures in Agriculture, with Special Reference to Pakistan
Amir H. MALIK........................................................................................................................................................ 1128
Atksularn Tarmsal Sulama Amal Kullanlmasnn Deerlendirilmesi; Adana rnei
Ahmet YCEER, Gkhan YAMAN ........................................................................................................................ 1137
Konya Kenti Atk Sular le Sulanan Tarm Arazileri Toprak zelliklerinin Farkl Kullanm Srelerine
Gre Deiimi
Refik UYANZ, Kemal GR, erife AY .............................................................................................................. 1147
Konya Kenti Artlm Atksularnn Yeil Alanlarn Sulamasnda Kullanm: Fizibilite almas
Murat KKHEMEK, ule MANSUR, Serdar KOYUNCU, Ahmet DEMR..................................................... 1155
Agricultural Reuse of Water and Nutrients from Wastewater Treatment in Turkey
Ebru SARIKAYA, Gksel N. DEMIRER.................................................................................................................. 1166
Evaluation of Long-Term Waste Water Irrigation on Chemical Properties of Soil and Barley
Undergrowth Field Conditions
Selda ORS, Metin TURAN, Fatih M. KIZILOGLU, Ustun SAHIN, Aslhan ESRINGU ....................................... 1179
Sewage Sludge Disposal - Use / Artma amuru Bertaraf - Kullanm

Perspectives on Sewage Sludge Disposal in Germany and Europe
Rainer KNEMANN ............................................................................................................................................... 1189
Sludge Management in stanbul
Gyasettin GNE, Ahmet DEMIR, Osman YILDIZ, H. Ebru ABAMOR............................................................. 1201
Process Enhancement: Facilities for the Treatment of Sewage Sludge Lessons Learned
Nina RADTKE, Ingrid GERARD ............................................................................................................................. 1208
Economic Aspects of Phosphorus Recovery
Timur ESEMEN, Thomas DOCKHORN ................................................................................................................. 1217
Environmental-Friendly Sludge Treatment in Berlin and China
Claudia CHARRAB ............................................................................................................................................... 1226
Enhanced Nutrient Remobilization and Recovery from Sewage Sludge
Timur ESEMEN, Thomas DOCKHORN ................................................................................................................. 1238
Effect of Diethylamine on PAH Removal from Municipal Sludge Under UV Light
Gizem KARACA, Ycel TADEMR....................................................................................................................... 1249
x

Artma amurlarnn Toprakta Kullanmna Ynelik Mevzuat

Glhan SAYGILI....................................................................................................................................................... 1259
The Research on the Effect of ASKI Sewage Sludge on Some Soil Physical Properties
Faki ERGL, Mehmet KEEC, Aynur DLSZ, Sadk USTA ................................................................................ 1266
Evsel Artma amurlarnn Yeil Alanlarda Toprak yiletirici ve Gbre Olarak Kullanm
Murat KKHEMEK, Refik UYANZ................................................................................................................ 1273
Energetic Aspects Regarding the Sewage and Sludge Treatment Process of WWTPS
Demet ANTAKYALI, Reinhold RLLE .................................................................................................................. 1285
Energy Saving at Wastewater Treatment Plants: a Contribution Towards Limiting Greenhouse Gases
Emissions and Reducing Costs
Alexander GOERTZ, Richard VESTNER, Daphne VOSS, Laure NICOLET-MISSLBECK ................................... 1295
Effects of Municipal Waste Treatment Sludge Application on Heavy Metal Content of Sweet Corn
and Soil
Ali Rza ONGUN, Blent YAMUR, Kadri BOZOKALFA, Dursun EYOK, Blent OKUR ............................. 1303
Buday Bitkisine Artan Dozlarda Artma amuru Uygulamas le Baz Toprak zelliklerinin Farkl
Toprak Derinliklerindeki Deiiminin Belirlenmesi
Betl KOLAY, Songl GRSOY, mer DEERL, Mehdi SMERL, Hasan KILI, Ali Rza ZTRKMEN,
evket TEKN, Zbeyir TRK ................................................................................................................................. 1310
Investigation of Kayseri Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant Sludge Digester Efficiency
Merve OUZ, Hamdi MURATOBANOLU, Eren HASBLBL, Oktay ZKAN, Hakan AYYILDIZ,
zgr ZDEMR...................................................................................................................................................... 1319
Effect of the Sludge Treatment to Eucalyptus Growth
Sedat TFEK ......................................................................................................................................................... 1322
Solar Drying of Sewage Sludge
Ulrich LUBOSCHIK.................................................................................................................................................. 1329
Effect of Municipal Sewage Sludge Application on Microbial Biomass and Activity of Soils
Seluk GMEZ, Nur OKUR.................................................................................................................................. 1337
Agricultural / Tarm
Investigation of Effect of Nhmaam and MMA Monomers to Thermal Properties and Phase Transition
Temperature (LCST) of Nipaam/Ntba/X Hydrogels
Abdullah ALTAY, Ahmet OKUDAN...................................................................................................................... 1345
Determination of the Physical Properties in Different (NH4)2SO4 Solutions of Used as Water
Retaining Hydrogel in Agriculture
Abdullah ALTAY ..................................................................................................................................................... 1353
Rootstock Usage for Viticulture Under Drought Conditions Like Konya Basin; Research Priorities
and Directions
Ali SABIR .................................................................................................................................................................. 1357
xi

Silica Gel Application to Control Water Runo from Root Zone Microenvironments Climate of
Grapevine Rootstocks Grown Under Drought Condition
Ali SABIR, Zeki KARA ............................................................................................................................................. 1365
Eective Water Saving With Water Pillow Irrigation Method
Sinan GEREK ......................................................................................................................................................... 1373
Konya Kenti Atk Sular le Sulanan Tahl Arazileri Topraklarnda Mikrobiyel Aktivite ve Ar Metal
Arasndaki likiler
Rek UYANZ, erife AY .................................................................................................................................... 1377
Treated Textile Waste Water Irrigation Eect on Jerusalem Artichoke (Helianthus tuberosus L.) Crops
Yield and Environment
Ramazan ACAR, kr DURSUN .......................................................................................................................... 1381
Sulu Tarmda Srdrlebilirlik Sorunlar
erife AY................................................................................................................................................................. 1387
Karapnarda ifti artlarnda Silajlk Msr in Projeli Damla Sulama Tesisi ve Sulama Plan
Uygulamas
Mevlt VANOLU .................................................................................................................................................. 1391
Hitit Kentlerinde Atk Su Sistemleri
Babr Mehmet AKARSU, Seda AKARSU ............................................................................................................... 1401
Kuzey Ege, Gediz ve Kk Menderes Havzalarnda 2003-2007 Yllar Arasnda Su Kalitesi Asndan Bor
eriinin Spektrofotometrik Analiz Metodu le Belirlenmesi ve Deerlendirilmesi
Pnar DEMRBA, zcan ORHUN ......................................................................................................................... 1404
DS 2. Blge Mdrlnn Sorumluluk Alannda Bulunan Havzalarda Su Kalitesi zleme ve
Deerlendirme almalarna Toplu Bak
Pnar DEMRBA, zcan ORHUN ......................................................................................................................... 1418
Elaz Uluovada Yeraltsuyu Deiimlerinin CBS ile Deerlendirilmesi
Murat ELKER........................................................................................................................................................ 1427
Munzur Havzasnn CBS ile Modellenmesi
Cevat SALMAN, Murat ELKER, . Faruk DURSUN, Y.Blent SNMEZER .................................................. 1437
Elaz Hamzabey Barajnn Koruma Alanlarnn CBS ile Belirlenmesi
Murat ELKER, . Faruk DURSUN , Y. Blent SNMEZER .............................................................................. 1447
Removal Of Basic Textile Dyes In Single, Binary And Ternary Solutions By Raw And Activated Clay... 1458
Meral TURABK
Yazar ndeksi ........................................................................................................................................... 1468

Sonu Bildirgesi ...................................................................................................................................... 1471
xii

ONUR KURULU
Prof. Dr. Veysel EROLU
evre ve Orman Bakan
Prof. Dr. Ltfi AKA
evre ve Orman Bakanl Mstear
Aydn Nezih DOAN
Konya Valisi
Tahir AKYREK
Konya Bykehir Belediye Bakan
Prof. Dr. Sleyman OKUDAN
Seluk niversitesi Rektr
smail Selim UZBA
KOSK Genel Mdr
DZENLEME KURULU
Bakan
Prof. Dr. Mehmet Emin AYDIN (Seluk niversitesi)
yeler
Erol BRCAN (KOSK Genel Mdrl)
Ahmet DEMR (KOSK Genel Mdrl)
Do. Dr. Ali TOR (Seluk niversitesi)
Yrd. Do. Dr. Senar ZCAN (Seluk niversitesi)
M. Akif SARIKAYA (KOSK Genel Mdrl)
Ltf GNGR (KOSK Genel Mdrl)
xiii

BLM KURULU
Prof. Dr. Ltfi AKA (evre ve Orman Bakanl - stanbul Teknik niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Necdet ALPASLAN (Dokuz Eyll niversitesi)
Dr. Ahmet BABAN (TBTAK MAM)
Prof. Dr. mult.Dr.h.c. Mfit BAHADIR (Braunschweig Technical University Almanya)
Prof. Dr. Mufeed BATARSEH (Mutah University rdn)
Prof. Dr. Recep BONCUKCUOLU (Atatrk niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Hanife BYKGNGR (Ondokuz Mays niversitesi)
Do. Dr. zer INAR (Kahramanmara St mam niversitesi)
Do. Dr. Eyp DEBK (Yldz Teknik niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Mustafa DERMENC (Cumhuriyet niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Ahmet DEMR (SK - Yldz Teknik niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Gksel N. DEMRER (Orta Dou Teknik niversitesi)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Norbert DICHTL (Braunschweig Technical University Almanya)
Prof. Dr. Ferruh ERTRK (Yldz Teknik niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Aye FLBEL (Dokuz Eyll niversitesi)
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Klaus FRICKE (Braunschweig Technical University Almanya)
Prof. Dr. Celal Ferdi GKAY (Orta Dou Teknik niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. M. Talha GNLL (Yldz Teknik niversitesi)
Dr. Colin HAYES (Swansea University ngiltere)
Prof. Dr. Orhan NCE (stanbul Teknik niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Hseyin KARA (Seluk niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Cumali KINACI (stanbul Teknik niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Robert KREUZIG (Braunschweig Technical University Almanya)
Do. Dr.-Ing. Jir KUCERK (Brno University of Technology ekoslovakya)
Prof. Dr. Halil KUMBUR (Mersin niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Zdravka LAZAROVA (Austrian Institute of Technology Avusturya)
Prof. Dr.- Ing. Gnter MEON (Braunschweig Technical University Almanya)
Prof. Dr. David J. MULLA (University of Minnesota-Amerika)
Prof. Dr. Turgut Tzn ONAY (Boazii niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Erol PEHLVAN (Seluk niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. brahim PEKER (Erciyes niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. George PILIDIS (Ioannina University Yunanistan)
Prof. Dr. Ahmet Mete SAAT (TBTAK - Marmara niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Bayram SADE (Seluk niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Uwe SCHRDER (Braunschweig Technical University Almanya)
Prof. Dr. Nusret EKERDA (Frat niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Mohammad SHAHRIARI (Chalmers University sve)
Prof. Dr. Ycel TADEMR (Yldz Teknik niversitesi)
Do. Dr. Mustafa TIRIS (TBTAK MAM)
Prof. Dr. Blent TOPKAYA (Akdeniz niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. lk YET (Orta Dou Teknik niversitesi)
Prof. Dr. Ahmet YCEER (ukurova niversitesi)
(Bilim Kurulu yeleri soyadna gre alfabetik olarak sralanmtr.)
xiv

TREATMENT OF COD AND COLOR BY EC PROCESS FROM TEXTILE WASTEWATERS

Fatih LHAN, Kamil B. VARINCA, M. Talha GNLL, Caner KASAR
YildizTechnical University, Department of Environmental Engineering, 34220, Istanbul, Turkey
ABSTRACT - Wastewaters from textile dyeing and finishing factories are significant source of environmental
pollution. These wastewaters contain various pollutants, such as high chemical oxygen demand (COD), color and
non-biodegradable organic compounds etc. Besides, the European Union (EU) Directive 91/271 imposes limits on
wastewater color, as it reduces light penetration in receiving water bodies. The aim of this study was to
investigate the residual COD and color removal of raw textile industry wastewaters and synthetically prepared
dye solutions by using electrocoagulation (EC) process. Used dyestuffs were Reactive Black DPT, Reactive Blue
BRF, Reactive Yellow 3RF, Reactive Red 3BF, Disperse Black CERN in common use, in concentrations of 100 and
200 mg/L. COD, TOC and color removal efficiencies by using aluminium (Al) electrodes for raw wastewater and
the prepared solutions were investigated. Optimization parameters, such as pH, current density, operating time
on COD and color removal were determined. Optimum conditions on the removal efficiencies for Al electrode
73.1% COD, 85.6% color as current density; 50mA/cm2, operating time; 20 min, pH=5 and the removal efficiencies
for Fe electrode 54.4% COD, 83.2% color as current density; 60mA/cm2 operating time; 20min, pH=4 were
determined experimentally. Dyestuffs in the prepared solutions were removed quite effectively. The results of the
study revealed that EC method can be used a treatment method for textile industry wastewater treatment, as
effective and economically.
Keywords: Textile wastewater; EC; treatment; COD removal; color removal
ZET - Trkiyenin ve dier bir ok lkenin nemli endstrilerinden biri olan tekstil endstrisi atksular yksek
kimyasal oksijen ihtiyac (KO), renk ve biyolojik olarak paralanamayan organik bileik gibi ok eitli kirlilikler
iermektedir. Bu almann amac, tekstil endstrisi atksularnda elektrokoaglasyon prosesi uygulanarak KO
ve renk parametrelerinin ve sentetik olarak hazrlanan boya zeltilerinden boya gideriminin aratrlmasdr.
Ayrca 100 ve 200 mg/L olarak hazrlanan sentetik boyalarda aratrlmtr (Reaktif Siyah DPT, Reaktif Mavi
BRF, Reaktif Sar 3RF, Reaktif Krmz 3BF ve Dispers Siyah CERN). Bu almada alminyum (Al) ve demir (Fe)
elektrotlarn kullanld elektrokoaglasyon (EC) prosesi ile tekstil endstrisi atksuyundan KO ve renk giderim
verimleri aratrlmtr. KO ve renk giderimi zerine pH, akm younluu ve iletim zaman gibi optimizasyon
parametreleri belirlenerek, enerji maliyeti gibi proses iletim parametreleri hesaplanmtr. Bu almada,
alminyum elektrot ile % 73,1 KO, %85,6 renk giderimleri salayan optimum artlar; 50mA/cm2 akm
younluu, 20 dakikalk iletim zaman ve balang pHs;5, demir elektrot ile % 54,4 KO, %83,2 renk
giderimleri salayan optimum artlar; 60 mA/cm2 akm younluu, 20 iletim zaman ve pH=4, olarak
belirlenmistir. Hazrlanan boya zeltileri de etkin bir ekilde giderilmitir. Bu alma ile tekstil atksularn etkin
ve ekonomik bir yntem olarak elektrokoaglasyon ile artlabilecei sonucuna varlmtr.
Anahtar Kelimeler: Tekstil atksuyu; elektrokoaglasyon; artm; KO giderimi; renk giderimi
1.
INTRODUCTION
Textile industry can be defined as producing synthetic fibers and fabric product that wool, cotton, and knitted
fabrics (EPA 1997). Turkey has had an important position in the global textile industry market, recently. Twenty
percent of workers, who work in all industries, work in this industry
According to annual statistics from 1992 to the present time, 36 to 39% of total exports is provided by textile
products (TUIK). Turkey is the second country after China for export textile products to the European Union.
The textile production is carried out intensively in the country. Therefore, environmental pollution resulting from
this industry is taken some necessary regulatory measures and realized some inquiring investments. The ratio of
669

textile wastewater in all wastewaters in Istanbul is 53.5 percent. The rank of textile plants numbers in the total is
in 3rd position (Toroz et al., 1998).
One of the most polluting materials in textile wastewaters is dyes. Dyes is categorized in 7 sections as acidic,
basic, direct, disperse, reactive, sulphur and vat dyes.
Significant amounts of water are consumed in production processes of textile plants. The most water
consumption is in dying process. Considering the volume and composition of effluent from the textile industry,
the textile wastewaters are found as the most polluting wastewater in all industrial wastewaters (Arslan 1995, Sen
and Demirer 2003). Wastewaters from dyeing and rinsing operations contain high concentrations of dissolved
solids originating from complex and polar structured reactive dyes.Thus textile wastewater has an intense color
characteristically (Arslan, 1995). Textile wastewaters color has a color depending on type of dye used in the
process. The essential pollutants in textile wastewaters are hard biodegradable organic substances such as
chlorinated compounds, dyes, detergents, insecticides, grease and oils, sulfide compounds, solvents, heavy
metals and inorganic salts. BOD, total dissolved solids, alkalinity and temperature parameters are also follow in
high concentrations (Gknil et al 1984, Turk, Simonic 2005).
Textile wastewater which contains many pollutants is treated in different ways. Chemical methods are used
widely for treatment of textile wastewater. But more economical and efficient methods are searched continuously.
In recent years, usage of electrochemical processes being effective in treatment textile wastewater is increasing.
In electrochemical processes, water pollutant parameters are fixed with the help of electric current. General
mechanisms of electrochemical treatment are consisting of coagulation, adsorption, precipitation and flotation
processes (Ihara et al., 2004). The most widely used electrochemical process is electro-coagulation. The removal
mechanism of electrocoagulation process consists of 3 stages (Mollah et al. 2004).
Formation of coagulant species from sacrified electrode
Destabilization of pollutants, suspension of particles and fragmentation of emulsions
flocculation of destabilized particles.
Besides metal anode dissolution is accompanied by hydrogen gas evolution at cathodes, the bubbles capturing
and floating the suspended solids formed and thus removing contaminants (Jiang et al., 2002). The EC process is
very effective in removing organic pollutants including dyeing wastewater and allows for the reduction of sludge
generation (Kim et al, 2002). Vik et al. demonstrated that, for an equivalent treated water quality, the amount of
coagulant ion required and the sludge formed with EC was much less than with conventional coagulation (Vik et
al., 1984 ).
In this investigation, treatability of dye containing textile wastewater by electrocoagulation is worked. The search
occupies with synthetic and original wastewaters.
2.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
2.1. Textile Wastewater

Wastewater samples, with a dark grey color, were supplied from a textile factory (Nur Textile Company) located
in Esenyurt district of Istanbul. The samples were collected using composite sampling method. The
physicochemical characterization of textile wastewater is presented in Table 1. Samples taken were stored at 4 C.
Table 1. Physicochemical crarcteristics of textile wastewater

Pollutant Parameters
Unit
Value
COD
mg l-1
580
TOC
mg l-1
281
pH
mg l-1
10.1
Color
Hazen
340
Conductivity
mS cm-1
11.04
670

2.2. EC Studies
All EC experiments were conducted under identical conditions. Laboratory scale reactor consisted of an
undivided EC cell (15 cm 7 cm 5cm) made of plexyglass with an anode and a cathode in parallel. All the
electrodes were aluminum sheets (18 cm 5 cm, 0.5 cm thick). The gap between anode and cathode was
maintained at 6 cm. In all trialas, the two electrodes were of the same material. After each experimental run, the
electrodes were treated as follows; the EC reactor and electrodes were carefully rinsed with 50% (v/v) nitric acid
solution for 5 min and several times with distilled deionized water to remove impurities and metal hydroxide
precipitates from the electrodes and reactor.
The current density was fixed in the range 20-60 mA cm2 using by GPS 3030DD model (GW Instek) DC power
supply and the cell voltage variation was recorded. Experiments were carried out under galvanostatic conditions.
The schematic diagram of the EC system is as shown in Figure 1.
2.3. Synthetically Dyestuff Solution
Reactive dyes are commonly used in textile industries. Five types of dyestuff supplied from the textile plant were
used to prepare the synthetic wastewater: (1) a black reactive dye (Reactive Black DPT); (2) a blue reactive
(Reactive Blue BRF) (3) a yellow reactive dye (Reactive Yellow 3RF); (4) a red reactive (Reactive Red 3BF), (5) a
black dispers dye (Dispers Black CERN). Dye solutions were prepared by dissolving 0.1 g and 0.2 g of dye in 1 L
of distilled water. All chemicals used were of highest purity available and of analytical grade.
The maximum absorbance values of solutions prepared were determined by wavelength scanning (483nm for
Reactive Black DPT, 426 nm for Reactive Blue BRF, 416 nm for Reactive Yellow 3RF, 520 nm for Reactive Red 3 BF
and 409 nm for Dispers Black CERN).
Because conductivity values in the samples to decrease the electricity consumption during the process are
insufficient, salt as an electrolyte was added to each sample to increase conductivity. Samples are mixed with a
magnetic stirrer for 10 minutes to have a homogeneous mixture.
2.4. Analyses
Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and color were carried out according to the Standard Methods for Examination
of Water and Wastewater. The color of samples were analyzed using a Hach Lange Model DR5000
spectrophotometer. The pH was measured using Orion 5 stars model pH meter, and the conductivity was
determined with Hach Lange HQ40D model conductivity meter. The pH of the solutions was measured by pH
meter and adjusted by adding NaOH or H2SO4 (Merck, Germany) solutions.
2.5. Experimental Design and Optimization
Experimental design with three factors at five levels was applied using Minitab 15 statistical software with the
limits of the independent variables. Each independent variable was coded at five levels between 2 and +2 in the
ranges determined by the preliminary experiments, while initial pH 4-8, applied current density, 2060 mA cm-2
and electrolysis time, 020 minutes. Experimental conditions of runs and corresponding responses are presented
in Table 2 and Table 3.
Table 2. Parameters and their levels for the optimization experiments.

Parameters
Level (-2)
Level (-1)
Initial pH
4
5
Current Density (mA/cm-2)
20
30
Electrolysis Time (min.)
0
5
Level (0)
6
40
10
Level (+1)
7
50
15
Level (+2)
8
60
20
671

Table 3. Experimental design obtained by Minitab statistical software and pollutants efficiencies
Run
Current
Initial
Electrolysis
COD Removal
Color Removal
Density
pH
Time
(%)
(%)
1
20
4
0
0
6.3
2
20
5
5
3.5
50.0
3
20
6
10
20.6
59.1
4
20
7
15
40.1
75.6
5
20
8
20
38.9
76.8
6
30
4
5
11.8
47.9
7
30
5
10
29.5
61.2
8
30
6
15
34.8
82.4
9
30
7
20
47.2
81.2
10
30
8
0
0
5.6
11
40
4
10
49.3
62.9
12
40
5
15
65.8
80.6
13
40
6
20
66
80.6
14
40
7
0
0
8.2
15
40
8
5
19.8
35.0
16
50
4
15
58.7
85.0
17
50
5
20
73.1
85.6
18
50
6
0
6.8
6.2
19
50
7
5
23.3
42.1
20
50
8
10
31.8
62.9
21
60
4
20
70.8
82.9
22
60
5
0
6.8
0.3
23
60
6
5
30.7
47.9
24
60
7
10
24.6
53.2
25
40
8
15
32.1
78.2
26
40
6
10
27.1
56.8
27
40
6
10
27.3
54.0
28
40
6
10
27.4
55.0
29
40
6
10
27.1
54.6
30
40
6
10
26.9
53.8
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

3.1. COD Removal
Untreated municipal and industrial wastewaters are generally rich in organic matter. Organic matter in a
wastewater consumes the available oxygen present in the ecosystem directly and indirectly. Although COD is not
a specific compound, it is considered a conventional pollutant, and it has been widely used by regulatory
agencies worldwide to gauge overall treatment plant efficiencies. As organic particulates dominant in the
samples, COD parameter is removed vastly by electrocoagulation process (Casillas et al., 2007). The model and
graphs in Figure 1 illustrate the removal efficiencies of COD under different operating conditions. Analysis of
variance of the model are shown in Table 4.
COD Removal = -7,16416 - 2,24954*Initial pH - 0,0261497*Current Density + 7,44671*Electrolysis Time +
0,09641*Initial pH*Current Density - 0,563277*Initial pH*Electrolysis Time - 0,0278923*Current
Density*Electrolysis Time
672

Estimated Response Surface

Electrolysis Time=20,0
80
60
40
20
0
4
6
Initial pH
100
C O D R em oval
C O D R em oval
100
COD Removal
0,0-10,0
10,0-20,0
20,0-30,0
30,0-40,0
40,0-50,0
50,0-60,0
60,0-70,0
70,0-80,0
60
80,0-90,0
50
40
90,0-100,0
30
Current
Density
20

Current Density=60,0
80
60
40
20
0
4

Initial pH=4,0
80
60
40
20
0
20
30
40
50
Current Density
60
6
Initial pH
Main Effects Plot for COD Removal

100
80
COD Removal
C O D R em oval
100
COD Removal
0,0-10,0
10,0-20,0
20,0-30,0
30,0-40,0
40,0-50,0
50,0-60,0
60,0-70,0
70,0-80,0
20
80,0-90,0
16
12
90,0-100,0
8
4 Electrolysis Time
0
COD Removal
0,0-10,0
10,0-20,0
20,0-30,0
30,0-40,0
40,0-50,0
50,0-60,0
60,0-70,0
70,0-80,0
20
80,0-90,0
16
12
90,0-100,0
8
4 Electrolysis Time
0
60
40
20
0
4
8
20
60
0
20
Initial pH Current Density
Electrolysis Time
Figure 1. Obtained model results for COD removal
Table 4. Analysis of variance for COD Removal

Source
Sum of Squares
A : Initial pH
581.799
B : Current Density (mA/cm-2)
232.06
C: Electrolysis Time (min.)
7935.26
AB
38.2987
AC
323.188
BC
76.2993
Total error
977.162
Total (corr.)
12905.6
Df
1
1
1
1
1
1
23
29
Mean Square
581.799
232.06
7935.26
38.2987
323.188
76.2993
42.4853
F-Ratio
13.69
5.46
186.78
0.90
7.61
1.80
P - Value
0.0012
0.0285
0.0000
0.3523
0.0112
0.1933
Statistical data in Table 4 R2, Adjusted R2, Standard error and Mean absolute values is 92.4284, 90.4532, 6.51807
and 4.80542 respectively.
673

As can be seen from Figure 1, COD removal efficiencies reach 70% and effluent COD values are decreased below
150 mg/l. Consistency of the results are allows producing a model. Thanks to the model, we can see that how
much efficiency obtains under different operation conditions.
3.2. Color Removal
Recently, a number of scientific study has been indicated as successfully treated by EC method for color
containing effluents originating from textile dyeing operations. No color discharge limits exist in Turkey for the
textile industry wastewater as well as other industrial effluents yet but are expected very soon (Alaton et al.,
2009). The model and graphs in Figure 2 show the removal efficiencies of color under different operating
conditions. Analysis of variance of the model are given in Table 5

Current Density=40,0

Electrolysis Time=10,0
80
60
40
20
0
4
6
Initial pH
100
80
C o lo r R e m o v a l
100
Color Removal
0,0-10,0
10,0-20,0
20,0-30,0
30,0-40,0
40,0-50,0
50,0-60,0
60,0-70,0
70,0-80,0
60
80,0-90,0
50
40
90,0-100,0
30
Current
Density
20
60
40
20
0
4

Initial pH=6,0
80
60
40
20
0
20
30
40
50
Current Density
60
6
Initial pH
Main Effects Plot for Color Removal

100
80
100
Color Removal
0,0-10,0
10,0-20,0
20,0-30,0
30,0-40,0
40,0-50,0
50,0-60,0
60,0-70,0
70,0-80,0
20
80,0-90,0
16
12
90,0-100,0
8
4 Electrolysis Time
0
Color Removal
0,0-10,0
10,0-20,0
20,0-30,0
30,0-40,0
40,0-50,0
50,0-60,0
60,0-70,0
70,0-80,0
20 80,0-90,0
16
12
90,0-100,0
8
4 Electrolysis Time
0
60
40
20
0
4,0
8,0 20,0 60,0 0,0
20,0
Initial pH Current DensityElectrolysis Time
Figure 2. Obtained model results for color removal
674

Source
A : Initial pH
B : Current Density (mA/cm-2)
C: Electrolysis Time (min.)
AB
AC
BC
Total error
Total (corr.)
Table 5. Analysis of variance for Color Removal

Sum of Squares
Df
Mean Square
187.862
1
187.862
98.6681
1
98.6681
16282.0
1
16282.0
771.585
1
771.585
356.395
1
356.395
238.284
1
238.284
1470.6
23
63.9393
20046.8
29
F-Ratio
2.94
1.54
254.65
12.07
5.57
3.73
P - Value
0.1000
0.2267
0.0000
0.0021
0.0271
0.0660
Statistical data in Table 5, R2, Adjusted R2, Standart error and mean absolute values is 92.6641, 90.7504, 7.99621
and 5.24287 respectively.
In this experimental study, over 85% color removals were obtained under the following conditions: initial pH of
4.0, current density of 50 mA/cm2 and electrolysis time of 15 min.
3.3. Dye Removal from Synthetic Dye Solutions
The textile industry consumes considerable amounts of water during dyeing and finishing operations. Dye
pollutants from this industry are a major source of environmental contamination (Alaboyeh et al., 2008). EC has
been practiced to the treatment of the variety of dye effluents. Obtained maximum removal efficiencies in the
study are given Figure 3.
Figure 3. Obtained dye maximum removal rates by EC process

As shown in Figure 3, dyes are removed effectively by EC process with aluminum electrodes pair.
3.
CONCLUSION
The removal efficiencies of COD and color for Al electrodes pair were found to be dependent on initial pH,
applied current density and operating time. Optimum operating conditions were obtained as pH 4.0, current
density of 60 mA/cm2 and operating time of 20 min, respectively. Obtained removal efficiencies for aluminum
675

electrodes only 20 minutes for COD and color, percentage 73.1, 85.6 respectively. Moreover, for the longer
operational time than 20 minutes, both COD and color removal yields was taken over 80%.
REFERENCES
EPA, Profile Of The Textile Industry, U.S. Government Printing Office Superindent Of Documents, Washington,
1997.
Turkish Statistical Institute, www.tuik.gov.tr.
Torz ., Altay A., Turan M., Knac C. and Demir A., An Examination of Industrial Pollution in stanbul With
Regard To Wastewater : Textile Industry, Proceedings in Fourth International Conference on Management
Problems in Agro-Industries, IAWQ, 23 - 25 September 1998, Istanbul, Turkey, Vol. II, pp. 69 75, 1998.
en. S, Demirer, G.N., Anaerobic Treatment of Real Textile Wastewater With A Fluidized Bed Reactor, Water
Research , Vol.37, p.1868-1878, 2003.
Arslan, ., Treatment of Reactive Dye-Bath Effluents by Heterogeneous and Homogeneous Advanced Oxidation
Processes, B.S. In Che. E., stanbul Technical University, 1995.
Gknil,H., Torz,., imit,Y., Industrial wastewater control and constraint Fundamentals project. Istanbul
Technical University, 1984.
Turk, S., Simonic, M., Petrinic, I., Wastewater Treatment After Reactive Printing, Dyes and Pigments-64, p.147152, 2005.
Ihara I., Kanamura K., Shimada E., Watanabe T., High Gradient Magnetic Separation Combined With EC and
Electrochemical Oxidation for the Treatment of Landfill Leachate, Ieee Transactions On Applied
Superconductivity 14-2, 1558-1560, 2004.
Mollah, M. Y. A., Morkovsky, P., Gomes, J. A. G., Kesmez, M., Parga, J. And Cocke, D. L., Fundamentals, present
and future perspectives of EC, Journal of Hazardous Materials, B114, 199 210, 2004.
Jiang J.Q., Graham N., Andre C., Kelsall G.H., Brandon N., Laboratory study of electro-coagulation-flotation for
water treatment, Water Research, 36-16, p. 4064-4078, 2002
Kim T.H., Park C., Shin E.B., Kim S., Decolorization of disperse and reactive dyes by continuous EC process,
Desalination, 150, p. 165-175, 2002.
Vik EA, Carlson DA, Eikum AS, Gjessing ET. EC of potable water Water Research, 1984;18:135560.
American Public Health Association (APHA), Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater
(17th ed.), APHA, Washington, DC (1992)..
Casillas H.A.M., Cocke D.L., Gomes J.A.G., Morkovsky P., Parga J.R., Peterson E., EC mechanism for COD
removal, Separation and Purification Technology, 56-2, p. 204-211, 2007.
Alaton I.A., Kabdasli I., Vardar B., Tunay O., EC of simulated reactive dyebath effluent with aluminum and
stainless steel electrodes, Journal of Hazardous Materials, 164, 2-3, p. 1586-1594, 2009.
Alaboyeh A., Daneshvar N., Kasiri M.B., Optimization of C.I. Acid Red 14 azo dye removal by electrocoaulation
batch process with response surface methodology, Chemical Engineering and Processing : Process Intensification,
47-5, p. 827-832, 2008.
676

YAZAR NDEKS
A
ABAMOR H.E. 1201
ACAR R. 1381
ADISHIRIN A. 577
ADA O.N. 960
AKARSU B.M. 1401
AKARSU S. 1401
AKBIYIK H. 561
AKA L. 455
AKGL D. 492
AKGL S. 861
AKKZ C. 429
AKZ M. 741
AKTA . 455
AKYOL O. 455
ALADA A. 473
ALEKBER H. 577
AL-HOURI Z.M. 812
ALIYAZICIOLU . 355
ALKAYA E. 21
AL-OMARI A. 40
ALTA L. 927, 1014, 1020
ALTAY A. 1345, 1353
ALTUN T. 301, 1065
ANTAKYALI D. 1285
ARDALI Y. 244, 249, 804
ARIKAN M. 946
ARSLAN H. 324
ARSLANOLU IIK H. 198, 715
ARUNDA A. 677
ASLAN . 339
AVAR Y. 853
AYAZ S.. 455
AYDIN B. 183
AYDIN F. 244, 249
AYDIN H. 261
AYDIN M.E. 10, 331, 361, 409, 418,
424, 445, 677
AYDOAN G. 628
AYDOMU D. 724, 977
AYDNER C. 455
AYYILDIZ H. 1319
B
BAHADIR A.M. 1, 445
BAHRAN A. 699
BAKI B. 527
BALCI B. 950
BARBER M.E. 812
BAARAN DEMR F. 429
BASIBUYUK M. 890
BATUK F. 139
BAYAR S. 313, 1086
BAYLAR A. 370, 378
BEDUK F. 331
BEKTA N. 937
BEKTAS S. 139
BERBEROLU M. 946
BLR Z.L. 1026
BRC N. 536
BONCUKCUOLU R. 313, 1086, 1099
BOZKURT S. 735
BOZKURT Z. 735
BOZOKALFA K. 1303
BOZTOPRAK H. 900
BUDAK F. 735
BULDUK A. 481
BYKMUMCU A. 677
BRC M. 21
C
CAKMAK B. 828
CAN Z.S. 2043
CETECIOGLU Z. 693
CHARRAB C. 1226
CIRIK K. 724
CIRIK K. 977
TVRTNKOV A. 290
CUC Y. 846
AKIR A. 822
ALLI B. 989
AVDAR P. 989
AY . 1147, 1377, 1387
EEN F. 355
ELEB H. 880
ELKER M. 1427, 1437, 1447
INAR . 503, 724, 846, 977
IRAK M. 788
NER F. 339
OKGR E.U. 788
ORUH S. 867, 873
MLEKI S. 985
UBUK S. 1035
UTAY E. 503
D
DALI S. 455
DALKIRAN G. 527
DAVID J. 290
DEBK E. 796
YAZAR NDEKS
DEBOER D.E. 30
DEERL . 1310
DEMIR A. 1201
DEMIRER G.N. 1166
DEMR A. 1155
DEMR A. 516
DEMRC .E. 910
DEMREL Z. 222
DEMRER G.N. 21
DEVEC E.. 846
DICHTL N. 661
DIECKMANN H. 1
DIZGE N. 500
DLSZ A. 1266
DOCKHORN T. 661, 1217, 1238
DNMEZ Z.K. 633
DRASTK M. 290
DURDU .F. 608
DURDURAN S. 128
DURMAZ Y. 628, 641
DURMU . 62
DURSUN S. 651, 1381
DENC M. 164
E
EKC P. 997
ERGUN O.N. 873
ERGL F. 1266
ERKURT F.E. 950
ERS .B. 997
ESEMEN T. 1217, 1238
EYOK D. 1303
ESMERAY E. 361
ESRINGU A. 1179
EVCIMEN S. 1043
F
FARDA I. 577
FL B.A. 313, 1086
FIRLAK M. 1035, 1043
G
GERARD I. 1208
GEREK S. 1373
GEYK F. 510, 867
GOERTZ A. 1295
GOKCAY C.F. 770, 946
GOKCEK 693
GULTEKIN G. 545
GUNAY G. 145
1468

G
GUNDOGDU B. 571
GUNGOR M. 910
GL D. 900
GNDOAN E.G. 503
GNE G. 788, 1201
GR K. 1147
GRPINAR H.A. 455
GRSOY S. 1310
GMEZ S. 1026, 1337
GKPINAR . 628
GNLL M.T. 669, 853
H
HARTMANN A. 661
HASANALIYEV A. 269
HASBLBL E. 1319
HORASAN . 481
HUBER M. 40
HURMA H. 183
I
IMANOV F. 269
INCE O. 693
INSEL G. 788
IIK M. 927, 1014, 1020
LHAN F. 669, 853

LHAN F. 853
NAN D. 387
RS N. 219
K
KABAK H. 174, 890
KABUK H.A. 853
KAHRAMAN H. 903, 1051
KAHRAMAN M.V. 1035
KALIPCI E. 128
KALKAN . 840
KANAT G. 254
KARA G. 418, 424, 445
KARA H. 677
KARA Z. 1365
KARABULU Z.V. 628
KARACA G. 1249
KARADAVUT .S. 128
KARADENIZ H. 566
KARAGZ S. 399
KARAHAN O. 693
KARAKA . 1099
KASAR C. 669
KAYA H. 527
KAYA T. 370
KAYA Y. 206
KAYAM Y. 1026
KAYRANLI B. 117, 123
KEEC M. 1266
KENDIRLI B. 828
KER A. 1043
KESKINLER B. 500
KESKNKAN O. 592, 822, 950
KHAN E. 743, 753
KHAODHIAR S. 743
KILI A. 927
KILI H. 1310
KILI, A. 347
KIZILOGLU F.M. 1179
KLEIN D. 661
KOCAKERM M.M. 1099
KOCASOY G. 62
KOYT H. 927
KOLAY B. 1310
KOLB M. 445
KOMESL O.T. 946
KORU E. 628, 641
KOYUNCU G. 324
KOYUNCU S. 1155
KK YETIMOLU E. 1035
KNEMANN R. 1189
KUERK J. 290
KUCUKCONGAR S. 393
KUMBUR H. 324
KURT U. 853
KUU .S. 985
KKHEMEK M. 900, 1155, 1273
KKKARA R. 620
KKTILI M.S. 592
KKYILMAZ M. 536
L
LATFOLU A. 347
LAZAROVA Z. 284
LUBOSCHIK U. 1329
M
MALIK A.H. 1128
MAMMADOV A. 269
MANAV DEMR N. 796
MANKOLLI H. 651
MANSUR . 1155
MER S. 231
MERTOLU B. 355, 492, 840, 989
MESC B. 655, 1114
YAZAR NDEKS
MIHIOKUR H. 687
MUHAMMETOGLU A. 462
MULLA D.J. 1122
MURATOBANOLU H. 1319
MURTHY S. 753
MUZ M. 946
N
NACAR KOER N. 198, 715
NICOLET-MISSLBECK L. 1295
O
OUZ M. 1319
OKTAR B. 108
OKUDAN A. 1345
OKUR B. 1303
OKUR N. 1337
ONDUL E. 500
ONGUN A.R. 1303
ORHON D. 693
ORS S. 1179
OZCAN S. 331, 445
OZELCI M.O. 1106
OZKAN F. 370, 378
OZTURK D. 139
RNEK N.G. 536

ZBAY Y. 900
ZCAN S. 1014, 1020
ZDEMIR . 762, 1319
ZDEMR C. 128
ZDEMR O. 157, 244, 249
ZDEMR . 724, 977
ZER O. 222
ZER S. 339
ZGR C. 966
ZKAN E. 183
ZKAN O. 699, 1319
ZKAY F. 861
ZKAYA M. 206
ZTRK M. 582, 1005
ZTRKMEN A.R. 1310
ZYAZICI G. 244, 249
P
PAMUKOLU M.Y. 919, 985
PARER G. 706
PARLAYICI . 903, 1051
PEHLIVAN E. 10, 301, 633, 903,
1051, 1065
1469

PEKER . 687
PERSOONE G. 435
R
RACH A. 778
RADTKE N. 1208
RAJABOV R. 269
RLLE R. 1285
S
SABIR A. 1357, 1365
SAHIN U. 1179
SARIKAYA E. 1166
SARIMERMER N. 157
SAYDAM C. 128
SAYGILI G. 1259
SELEK Z. 516
SEVIMLI M.F. 393
SHAHRIARI M. 10
SIMSEK H. 753
SORATANA K. 743
SOYLU S. 71
SOZEN S. 693
SNMEZ M.S. 946
SPEUSER W. 778
SPONZA D. 880
SHER S. 71
SMER N.D. 387
SMERL M. 1310
AHN M. 71
ALDIRDAK M.T. 222
AN O. 966
EKER T. 536
EN N. 937
ENEL G. 873
ENER E. 620
ENER . 620
MEK . 1014, 1020
MAN A. 510
MAN Y. 510
T
TANYOL M. 545, 555
TA . 861
TADEMR Y. 1249
TATLI H. 157
TEKBA M. 937
TEKE . 1078
TEKDERE M. 481
TEKN . 1310
TEKN V.O. 254

TIRIS M. 455
TONGUR S. 409, 418, 424
TOPKAYA B. 52
TOSUNOLU V. 313
TUN M.S. 81, 555
TURABK M. 1458
TURAN M. 762, 1179
TURAN N.G. 655, 1114
TURNA T. 687
TFEK S. 1322
TRK Z. 1310
TRKYILMAZ A. 90, 99
YILDIZ S. 910
YILMAZ A.E. 313, 1086, 1099
YILMAZ A.T. 1099
YILMAZ E. 989
YILMAZ H. 145, 164
YILMAZ B. 274
YILMAZ T. 602, 950
YILMAZ T. 1059
YCEER A. 1137
YZER B. 492
Z
ZENGN M. 71
ZEYBEK Z. 399
U
UCAN H.N. 651
UAR . 206
UURELL A. 254
UURLU A. 1078
ULUTA F. 21
UNSAL M. 370, 378
USLU G. 81, 536, 545, 555
USTA S. 1266
UYAN M. 571
UYANZ R. 1147, 1273, 1377
UYSAL Y. 846
UYUM S. 960
NL A. 81, 555
STN H.G. 192
V
VANOLU M. 1391
VARINCA K.B. 669
VARNL F. 699
VESTNER R. 1295
VOSS D. 1295
Y
YAMUR B. 1303
YALCIN O.B. 462
YAMAN G. 516, 1137
YAPSAKLI K. 355, 840
YATMAZ H.C. 937
YAVUZ D. 71
YENISOY-KARAKA S. 566
YILDIRIM M. 52
YILDIZ M. 206
YILDIZ N. 536
YILDIZ O. 1201
YILDIZ S. 445
YILDIZ S. 582, 1005
YAZAR NDEKS
1470

ULUSLARARASI SRDRLEBLR SU VE ATIK SU YNETM SEMPOZYUMU

SONU BLDRS
Konya Bykehir Belediyesi KOSK Genel Mdrlnn evre ve Orman Bakanl, Seluk niversitesi,
TBTAK, Konya Sanayi Odas, MSAD Konya ubesi, Doal Hayat Koruma Vakf ve TEMA ile birlikte
dzenledii Uluslararas Srdrlebilir Su ve Atk Su Ynetimi Sempozyumu baarl bir ekilde
sonulandrlmtr. 14 lkeden 30u yabanc 259 yerli bilim insan ile gn boyunca yaanan su ve atksu
problemleri ve zmleri konusunda bilimsel bir alma gerekletirilmitir.
Sempozyumda, aada belirtilen drt ana grupta zm haritas oluturulmutur.
A) Su Atksu
B) Artma amuru
C) Su ve Atksuda Kirleticiler ve Hijyen
D) Kapasite Gelitirme ve birlii A Oluturma
A) Su ve Atksu
1.
Su kaynaklar daha etkin kullanlmaldr.
2.
Su kayp ve kaaklar asgariye indirilmelidir.
3.
Yamur sularnn etkin bir ekilde toplanp kullanlmasna ynelik almalar yaplmaldr.
4.
Su ve atksu teknolojisi ve mevzuat aynen alnmak yerine, lke ve yerel artlara gre hayata
geirilmelidir.
5.
Atksu artma ve toplama sistemlerinin ynetimi iin kaynakta ayrma seeneklerinin zerinde
durulmaldr.
6.
Atksularn tarmda yeniden kullanm hayati nem tamakta olup konu ile ilgili teknolojiler
gelitirilmelidir.
7.
Endstriyel atksularn yeniden kullanm zerinde nemle durulmaldr.
8.
Atksu artma tesislerinde enerji retimi konusu hkmetler tarafndan tevik edilmelidir.
9.
Trkiyenin en nemli evre projelerinden biri olan Konya Atksu Artma Tesislerinin tamamlanarak
hizmete alnmas, Tuz Gl ve blge ekolojisi asndan en nemli kazanmlardan birisi olmutur.
10. KOP eylem plannn bir an nce hayata geirilmesi, Trkiye tarmnda nemli bir yer tutan Konya
havzasnn sulanmas, tarma dayal ekonomik geliimin salanmas asndan byk nem arz
etmektedir.
B) Artma amuru
1.
amur kalitesinin belirlenmesi amurun kullanlabilirlii asndan nemlidir.
2.
Deiik amur kaliteleri iin farkl seenekler belirlenmelidir.
3.
amur artm ve bertaraf iin idari mevzuat ve teknik kriterler aka ortaya konmaldr.
4.
amur zelliklerinin takip edildii bir sistem oluturulmaldr.
5.
Toprak ve bitkiler iin amurun ierdii organik madde ve ntrientler (Azot ve Fosfor) ok deerlidir.
Trkiyedeki atksularn tamam artldnda elde edilen amurun toprakta kullanldnda salayaca
kazan: 800 milyon TL / Yl.
6.
2016da uygulanacak Avrupa mevzuatna gre artma amurlarndaki organiklerin %75inin ve

patojenlerin giderilmesi gerekmektedir.
SONU BLDRGES
1471

7.
Stabilize artma amurlarnn tarmda kullanm tevik edilmelidir.
8.
Nfusu 20.000in stnde olan yerleim yerlerinin atksularnn artmnda anaerobik rtcler
tavsiye edilebilir.
C) Su ve Atksuda Kirleticiler ve Hijyen

1.
Kirleticilerin takibinde kimyasal analiz metotlaryla birlikte evresel toksikolojik analizlere de yer
verilmelidir.
2.
Kirleticilerin tamamnn tek tek analizi zaman alc ve pahal genel parametrelerde yeteri kadar hassas
olmadndan, kirleticilerin organizmalarn zerindeki etkileri lecek yeni grup parametreler
bulunmaldr.
3.
Artlm sularn tarmda kullanlmasnda en byk problemlerden birisi de tuzluluk problemidir. Bu

problemin azaltlmas iin kaynanda nlem alnmas nemlidir.
4.
amurdaki metal ve organik kirleticilerin azaltlmas iin benimsenmesi gereken en nemli strateji;
kirleticilerin sisteme girmesini nleyecek tedbir ve kontrol uygulamalarna nem verilmesidir.
D) Kapasite Gelitirme ve birlii A Oluturma

1.
lkemiz ve dier lkelerde alan su uzmanlar arasnda etkili bir ibirlii a kurulmaldr.
2.
zellikle krsal alanlarla ilgili konularda bilgi paylam nemlidir.
3.
evre bilincinin gelimesi iin eitim ve yayn faaliyetlerine daha fazla arlk verilmeli
SONU BLDRGES
1472

Treatment of COD and Color by EC Process From Textile Wastewaters

Diunggah oleh

Informasi Dokumen

Judul Asli

Hak Cipta

Format Tersedia

Bagikan dokumen Ini

Bagikan atau Tanam Dokumen

Opsi Berbagi

Apakah menurut Anda dokumen ini bermanfaat?

Apakah konten ini tidak pantas?

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

Treatment of COD and Color by EC Process From Textile Wastewaters

Diunggah oleh

Hak Cipta:

Format Tersedia

ULUSLARARASI SRDRLEBLR SU VE ATIKSU

INTERNATIONAL SUSTAINABLE WATER AND

ULUSLARARASI SRDRLEBLR SU VE ATIKSU

INTERNATIONAL SUSTAINABLE WATER AND

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Sempozyum Kurullar ............................................................................................................................ xiii

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Integrated Constructed Wetland Treatment Systems

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Avrupa Birlii Su ereve Direktifi ve Direktifin Trkiyede Uygulanmas

Drinking Water / me Suyu

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Using Venturi Tubes in Two Phase Aeration Processes

Water and Wastewater Quality / Su ve Atksu Kalitesi

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

The Importance as Environmental Waste Using Water in Biodiesel Purification

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Investigation of Lake Kovada Water Quality According to Physicochemical Parameters

Domestic and Industrial Wastewaters / Evsel ve Endstriyel Atksular

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Wastewater and Effects on Health of Human

Wastewater Treatment / Atksu Artm

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Membran Prosesler erisinde Elektrodiyaliz Prosesi, Mekanizmas ve Uygulama Alanlar

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Decolorization Studies of Remazol Brilliant Violet-5R Under Anaerobic-Aerobic Cyclic Conditions

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Removal of Zinc from Industrial Waste Leachate by Walnut Shell

Wastewater Reuse / Atksularn Yeniden Kullanm

Sewage Sludge Disposal - Use / Artma amuru Bertaraf - Kullanm

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Artma amurlarnn Toprakta Kullanmna Ynelik Mevzuat

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

Yazar ndeksi ........................................................................................................................................... 1468

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium

International Sustainable Water and Wastewater Management Symposium