Technique

Electrophoresis

Definition/What Is It Used For?

The process of separating charged molecules (such as fragments of DNA, RNA and
proteins) in an electric field. The electric current is passed through an agarose gel, which
allows the DNA fragments to separate, by size. (forensicdnaconsultant.com/Glossary.htm,
elearning.aua.gr/Dictionaries/Glossary.doc)

Destructive?
Yes.

How does it work?

(For an interactive Electrophoresis experiment, including by step-by-step instructions and
explanations, go to: learn.genetics.utah.edu/units/biotech/gel/)

Fragments of DNA/RNA/Proteins are placed into the agarose gel. An electric current is
subsequently passed through the gel, causing the substance to separate into clusters
according to length.

What substances does it analyse?

DNA, RNA, Proteins

Applications/Uses in forensic chemistry

Used in the area of DNA testing, as it allows the strands of DNA to be separated, allowing
visual comparison and identification of differing strands.