DAFTAR ISI

HALAMAN JUDUL .................................................................... i

LEMBAR PENGESAHAN ...................................................... ii
ABSTRAK ................................................................................iii
ABSTRAC ................................................................................ iv
KATA PENGANTAR ............................................................... v
DAFTAR ISI ...........................................................................viii
DAFTAR GAMBAR DAN TABEL ........................................ xi
DAFTAR TABEL ....................................................................xiii
BAB I PENDAHULUAN
1.1 Latar Belakang .......................................................... 1
1.2 Perumusan Masalah .................................................. 2
1.3 Tujuan Penelitian ...................................................... 2
1.4 Manfaat Penelitian .................................................... 3
1.5 Batasan Masalah ....................................................... 3
1.6 Sistematika Penulisan ............................................... 3
BAB II DASAR TEORI
2.1 Sumber Daya Batubara Indonesia ............................... 7
2.1.1 Klasifikasi Batubara ........................................... 8
2.2 Tinjauan Umum Pengeringan ..................................... 9
2.2.1 Proses Pengeringan ............................................ 9
2.2.2 Psikometri ........................................................ 10
2.2.3 Absolut Humidity (Humidity Ratio) ............... 12
2.2.4 Periode Proses Pengeringan Batubara.............. 13
2.3 Pemanfaatan Flue Gas Untuk Pengeringan
Batubara di PLTU Paiton........................................... 15
2.3.1 Flue Gas Untuk Pemanas Heat exchanger ....... 17
2.4 Alat Penukar Panas .................................................... 18
2.5 Prinsip-Prinsip Perpindahan Panas ........................... 19
2.5.1 Perpindahan Panas Konduksi ........................... 20
2.5.2 Perpindahan Panas Konveksi ........................... 21
viii

2.5.3 Koefisien Perpindahan Panas Menyeluruh ...... 21

2.5.4 Koefisien Perpindahan Panas Sisi Luar
Tube (flue gas) ................................................ 24
2.5.5 Efisiensi Fin Permukaan Menyeluruh ............. 26
2.5.6 Nusselt Number dan Koefisien Perpindahan
Panas Sisi Dalam Pipa (udara) ........................ 27
2.5.7 Unjuk Kerja Alat Penukar Panas NTU ............ 30
2.5.8 Koefisien Perpindahan Panas
Impingement Jet ............................................... 32
2.6 Penelitian Terdahulu ................................................... 34
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN
3.1 Metode Pengerjaan Tugas Akhir ................................ 35
3.2 Analisa potensi kapasitas panas maksimum
yang bisa di manfaatkan dari flue gas di PLTU
PT. PJB Paiton ........................................................... 35
3.3 Perencanaan Heat Exchanger ..................................... 36
3.4 Flow Chart Pengerjaan Tugas Akhir .......................... 37
3.5 Sistem dan Mekanisme Pengering Batubara .............. 39
BAB IV ANALISA DAN PEMBAHASAN
4.1 Analisa Kapasitas Panas Flue Gas .............................. 43
4.2 Analisa Heat Exchanger ............................................. 43
4.2.1 Menghitung Koefisien Perpindahan
Panas Flue Gas ................................................. 46
4.2.2 Menghitung Efisiensi fin.................................. 47
4.2.3 Menghitung Nusselt Number Udara dan
Koefisien Perpindahan Panas .......................... 49
4.2.4 Menghitung Kapasitansi Panas ........................ 50
4.2.5 Menghitung Koefisien Perpindahan Panas
Overall ............................................................. 51
4.2.6 Menghitung Number of Transfer Unit dan
Effectiveness ................................................... 51
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4.2.7 Menghitung Besar Perpindahan Panas .............. 52

4.3 Analisa Pengeringan Batubara .................................... 52
4.3.1 Menghitung Besar Konveksi Perpindahan
Panas Koefisien................................................. 52
4.3.2 Menghitung Draying Rate ................................ 56
4.3.3 Menghitung Moisture Content dalam udara
akhir ................................................................. 63
4.3.4Menghitung Energy Untuk Kebutuhan
Pengeringan Batubara ....................................... 68
BAB V KESIMPULAN DAN SARAN
5.1 Kesimpulan ................................................................. 69
5.2. Saran .......................................................................... 70
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ................................................................. xi
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ............................................................ xii