M
( )
-4 ( 95-163 ).
-4 :
M2
p2
p1
!!!
:
( 2 , 3, 4, ...
).
2 f
-2 ( 36-57 )
2 f .
.
:
e = f +
-2
.
( )
p2
:
p
3 .5
2
p 2 p 2 p1 1 + 0.2 M 1 p1
=
=
p p1 p 1 + 0.2 M 2 2
p
2
p 2 1 + 0.2 M 1
=
p1 1 + 0.2 M 2 2
3.5
p1
()
p
i
pi
p
Cpi .
(
C pi =
li
)
l
2
M 2
i 1
p
:
= 1.4
pi
-
p
li
cos i
l
l
i sin i
l
C y = C pi
i
C x = C pi
i
Cm ( x ).
C pi Cy Cx ( + - )
.
Cm :
M
Cp > 0 R
Cp < 0 R
Cp = 0 R = 0
Cp0
Cp+
Cp--
C p 0 , 0
, p i p ( ) --
.
!!!