Clinical lung Injury

Alveolar epithelial damage

Type II pneumocyte damage

Decreased surfactant production

Alveoli collapse

Impaired gas exchange

Decreased oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

D B
Neutrophil aggregation and release of mediators: oxygen Release of radicals, neutrophil proleolytic enzymes,

Endothelial

Platelet

Complement (C5a) activation

Bacterial endotoxin

Macrophage mobilization CD1-4 Release of cytokines (TNF, IL-1) Alveolocapillary membrane permeability Vasoconstricti on

Exudation of fluid, protein, RBCs into interstitium

Decreased flow to selected areas

Pulmonary edema and hemorrhage with severe impairment of alveolar ventilation

V/Q Mismatching

Right-to-left shunt, hyaline membrane formation, and fibrosis

Hypoxe mia

ACUTE RESPIRATORY