1) Be able to evaluate powers that have zero exponents. 2) Be able to evaluate powers that have negative exponents.

3) Rewrite expressions so that exponents are positive. 4) Apply the multiplication properties of exponents to problems involving zero exponents and negative exponents.

Product of powers property: a m y a n ! a m  n

Power of a power property: a

 !a
m n
m

my n

Power of a product property: a y b ! a m y b m

By applying the product of powers property to the following example, we find that:

3 y3 37

3 y3 !3 !3

0 7 7

37 0 3 !1

Zero Property of Exponents A nonzero number to the zero power is 1:

We can then divide both sides of the equation by 37 to determine the value of 30

a ! 1, a { 0

Evaluate the following expressions.

A.

7

B. 4 y 4

2

C. 2 y 5

3 D. 8
0 3

E. 0

Solutions

A. 1

B. 4 y 4

2

!4 !1

C. 2 y 5 ! 1 y 125 ! 125

D. 1

E. 0

is undefined.

By applying the product of powers property to the following example, we find that:

a ya a ya an a
a
-n

n n

!1 ! ! 1 an 1
n

a ya

n

!a !a !1

n  (  n) 0

n

a is the reciprocal
n
n

We can then divide both sides of the equation by an to determine the value of a-n

of a :
a 1 ! n, a a{ 0

Evaluate the following expressions.

A. 3

2

B.

1 4
-3

Rewrite the following expressions using positive exponents.

A. 5 x
A. 5 x
4

4

B.
1 x4

-3

Solutions

b -5

A. 3

2

! 5y ! 5 x4

B.

32 1 ! 9

4 3

!4

B.

a 3 b 5

! !

1 a3 b5 a3

y b5

! 64

1) Evaluate the following expressions.

3 A. - 5

B.

3 2
3

C. 9

4

y9

D.

2 2

E.

1 3 2

y 12 0

2) Rewrite the following expressions with positive exponents.

A. y

6

B. 7c

4

2s 3 C. 2 r

D. ( 5 a )

3

E.

3x

1  4

 3 A.  !  1 5

D.

4 ! 4
2 2

2 y 2 4

3 B. 3 ! 3 y 2 3 2 ! 3y 8 ! 24

!4

! 256 1 E. 2 y 12 0 ! 3 2 y 1 3 ! 9

C. 9

4

y9 !9

4  7

! 93 ! 243

A. y

6

1 y
6

D.

5 a

3

5 a

B. 7c 4

1 ! 7y 4 c 7 ! 4 c

1 ! 125 a 3
E. 3x

1 4

! 3 4 y x 1y 4 1 ! 4 y x4 3 x4 ! 81

C.

2s r

2

! 2s y r ! 2s r
3 2