FACULTY OF APPLIED SCIENCE DIPLOMA IN SCIENCE

CHM 256
NAME: 1. NURUL FAZNILA MAKMUR (2011285662) 2. NUR HAZRIANI HAMRI (2011254362) 3. SITI MUAFIFAH AMSAH (2011231684) 4. NURUL AFIQAH FATTIN AMAT (2011210838)

GROUP : AS1202A1

LECTURERS NAME : MISS DIANA INDIM

EXPERIMENT 1 CALIBRATION OF GLASSWARE

OBJECTIVE To calibrate a 100 mL volumetric flask.

INTRODUCTION The calibration of glassware is performed by letting out a volume of water into a flask. The exact volume is determined by weighing the flask and calculating the water volume by using its density from temperature. A correct calibration should allow random volume to let out. The tolerance value for a 100 mL volumetric flask is 0.1 mL. If the deviation value for this flask is greater than 0.1 mL then the volumetric flask in the laboratory. This method can used to calibrate other glassware like burette and pipette.

APPARATUS 100 mL volumetric flask, dropper, glass rod, rule

MATERIAL Tissue paper, labeling paper

PROCEDURE 1. A 100 mL volumetric flask is cleaned and dried. 2. A 1 x 2 cm label paper is cut and pasted on the volumetric flask so that the middle line coincides with the mark on the flask. 3. The empty volumetric flask is weigh accurately. 4. The volumetric flask is filled with distilled water up to the original mark carefully by using a dropper when reaching the mark. The inside neck of the volumetric flask is wiped dry with tissue paper with the help of a glass rod. The volumetric flask is weigh with its content accurately. 5. The volume of water in the volumetric flask is calculated based on the room temperature and data given in Table 1.1. This is exact volume of the volumetric flask. 6. If the volume obtained is not the same as the volume labelled on the flask [100 mL], then, a new mark 5 mm is made above and below the original mark on the label paper on the flask. 7. If the volume is less than 100 mL, water is added using a dropper but if the volume of more it will be weigh again and the new volume is calculated. 8. Exact distance is determined by using the distance/volume ratio from the original mark to label the new mark that should read a volume of 100 mL at laboratory temperature. RESULT 1. Weight of empty volumetric flask, w1 = 57.2238 g 2. Weight of volumetric flask + water, w2 = 156.5488 g 3. Weight of water, ( w2 w1 ) = 99.325 g 4. Volume of water = 99.325 1.0038 = 99.70 mL 5. The difference in volume from 100 mL = ( 100 99.70 ) mL = 0.3 mL 6. Weight of flask + 5 mm of water of water above, w4 = 157.3429 g 7. Weight of water + 5 mm of water above mark, ( w4 w1 ) = 100.12 g 8. Volume of water + 5 mm above mark, ( 100.12 1.0038 ) mL = 100.5 mL 9. Volume of water 5 mm above = ( 100.5 99.7 ) mL = 0.8 mL 10. To calculate the exact 100 mL mark using the distance/volume ratio, Therefore: 0.8 mL = 5 mm , then   =   X mm =   0.3 mL = 1.9 mm

DISCUSSION 1. In this experiment, we are required to test the accuracy of volumetric flask and mark the volumetric flask with new calibration mark if inaccuracy occurs.

2. The volume of water we obtained when we poured water inside the flask until the calibration mark of 100mL volumetric flask was 99.70mL, less 0.3mL than the volume it supposed to be.

3. These may be due to : a. Volumetric flask used contain dust/ not properly cleaned b. The water contains impurities.

4. To mark the new calibration mark for the volumetric flask, we add more water until it reaches 5mm above the calibration mark. This time the volume is still inaccurate with 0.8mL volume of water more than what it supposed to be.

5. Therefore to calculate the exact 100 mL mark we used the distance/volume ratio, which results the new calibration mark is 1.9mm above the original calibration mark of the volumetric flask.

CONCLUSION The calibration of the volumetric flask shows that the original calibration mark is slightly inaccurate and the correction of the volume is to add up liquid substances until the new calibration mark which is 1.9mm above the original calibration mark.