CHALLENGING WHIFF SUPREMACY WORKSHOP ONLINE

BARRIERS TO ORGANIZATION

BETWEEN ANTIRACIST
MAYER
AND
THE

WHITE PEOPLE

PRESENTATION BY JOANIE

WHITES
BREAK

WHOARE DOWNTHE

SINCERE

SHOULD ORGANIZE
THAT EXISTS

THEMSELVES

FIGURE

OUT
IS

SOME STRATEGIES

TO

PREJUDICE

IN WHITE

COMMUNITIES
IN

FUNCTION

MORE INTELLIGENTLY

AND MORE EFFECTIVELY

WHERE THEY CAN WHITE COMMUNITY ITSELF AND

THIS

THIS

HAS NEVER BEEN DONE BEFORE

MALCOLM

1964

INTRODUCTION
HELLO EVERYONE

MY NAME

IS

JOANIE
SOCIAL

MAYER AND
OF ANTIRACIST

IT

IS

AN HONOR TO HAVE

THE OPPORTUNITY

TO SHARE

WHITE POLITICAL ORGANIZING THROUGH THE VARIOUS CONSCIOUSNESS DEVELOPMENT AS WHITE ANTIRACIST WOMAN MISSTEPS MY OWNPOLITICAL HAVE GOTTEN THE VERY STRONG MESSAGE FROM PEOPLE OF COLOR THAT WHITE PEOPLE NEED TO TAKE TO WORKAGAINST RACISM IN OUR OWNCOMMUNITIES THIS MESSAGE HAS COME IN MANY RESPONSIBILITY

SOME THOUGHTS
OF

WITH YOU ON THE SUBJECT

AND

FORMS THROUGH
INTERRACIAL

THE SPEECHES

AND WRITINGS

OF PEOPLE OF COLOR IN

RELATIONSHIPS
THE

GROUPS AND THROUGH

THROUGH MY PARTICIPATION EXAMPLE OF THE CIVIL RIGHTS

THROUGH MY PERSONAL EXPERIENCES IN VARIOUS LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS AND ACTIVIST AND WOMENS MOVEMENTS AS WELL AS OTHER SOCIAL
DIFFICULT ACTION
CRITICAL

CHANGE EFFORTS WHILE HAVE TAKEN

MY

LIFE

AND

AM NOT

HAVE FOUND THE TASK TO BE EXTREMELY MESSAGE VERY SERIOUSLY VOID OF EFFECTIVE CREATIVE AND VISIONARY HAVE EXPERIENCED ALONE
THIS

IN

UNITED GROUP OF WHITE ANTIRACIST AGAINST RACISM BY PEOPLE MANY WHITE PEOPLE DEVELOP CONSCIOUSNESS ABOUT RACE BUT NEVER TAKE ACTION AGAINST RACISM OTHERS WHODO TAKE ACTION RACISM

AGAINST

WORKIN

ISOLATION

FROM ONE ANOTHER

WHY IS

THIS THE

CASE

WHAT PREVENTS
THE

WORKING TOGETHER TO FIGHT RACISMEVEN THOSE WHITE FOLKS WHOHAVE CRITICAL HAVE DEVOTED MUCHTIME OVER THE PAST FIVE YEARS EXAMINING THIS QUESTION
TO

WHITE PEOPLE FROM CONSCIOUNESS ABOUT RACE

MATERIAL

PRESENTED

YOU TODAY BASED ON

IS

THE RESULT OF
LIFE

SOME OF

THAT

WORK
WHITE

HISTORY

STUDY OF ANTIRACIST

WOMENENTITLED
EXPLORES

MISSING

PEACE ANTIRACIST
THAT HINDER

WHITE

WOMEN IN

CONFLICT

AND COLLABORATION

THIS PRESENTATION

SOME OF DYNAMICS
WILL

WHITE PEOPLE FROM MORE EFFECTIVELY ORGANIZING SEVERAL STORIES WHICH BRING TO LIFE SOME OF THE
BARRIERS TO ANTIRACIST

COLLABORATIVELY ISSUES AT STAKE

AGAINST RACISM

WILL BEGIN

WITH
OF

NEXT

SUMMARIZE
IN

SERIES

POLITICAL ORGANIZING MY WORK FINALLY WILL OFFER SOME THOUGHTS ON THROUGH THE COURSE OF MY OWNANTIRACISM WHY THESE BARRIERS EXIST WITHIN THE CURRENT PARADIGMS OF ANTIRACISM ORGANIZING IN THE UNITED STATES

WHITE

IDENTIFIED

BY THE PARTICIPANTS

STUDY AND

EXPERIENCED

IN ORDER TO ENCOURAGEMORE ACTIVE

INVOLVEMENT FROM THE WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS HOPE

WILL ASSIST IN

SOME SUGGESTED

ACTIVITIES

WHICH

EXPLORING

SOME OF THE MATERIAL PRESENTED

HAVE INDUDED HERE

LETS START WITH SOME STORIES

JOANIE

MAYER
MISSING

BARRIERS

FROM

PIECE THESIS

WHITE PEOPLE TO ORGANIZATION BETWEEO ANTIRACIST AND COLLABORATION WHITE WOMEN IN CONFLICT ANTIRACIST JANUARY

UNPUBLISHED

MA

1997

VOLUNTEER THE LEAD CRISIS AND GOOD AT WHAT SHE DOES YET TRAINER WAS WOMANNAMED CHELSIE SHE IS FUNNY INTELLIGENT WHEN CHELSIE WALKED IN THE ROOM THAT FIRST DAY AND SAW SHE WAS WHITE WOMANMY EVER FOUND MYSELF NOTCH WITHOUT CONSCIOUSLY REALIZING IT PRESENT CRITICAL SCRUTINY INTENSIFIED
RECENTLY

UNDERWENT

SIXTY

HOUR TRAINING

TO

BECOME

RAPE

PHRASING

MY QUESTIONS
DISAGREED

IN

MORE CHALLENGING LANGUAGE

THE CARPET TOLD

INSISTENTLY

MAKING COMMENTS

TO INSURE

RACE ISSUES

WERE NOT SWEPT UNDER

ALIENATED

AND PROMPTLY SPEAKING

UP

WHICH AND
OF COLOR

WHEN CAME HOME

HER AFTER
IN THAT TRAINING

MY

PARTNER THAT
REALIZED

THOUGHT
THAT

ABOUT POINTS WITH THREATENED CHELSIE

MAY HAVE

REFLECTING

FURTHER

HAD CHELSIE BEEN

NOT NECESSARILY

WOMAN
THE

MY CONTENT OF MY COMMENTARY
WAS CONTRADICTING
RESEARCH THAT VERY
ALL

BEHAVIOR

WOULD HAVE BEEN VERY

DIFFERENT

BUT CERTAINLY THE DELIVERY WAS MILDLY APPALLED AT MYSELF HERE OF THE BEHAVIORAL RECOMMENDATIONS HAD BEEN WRITING ABOUT INMY CHELSIE

DAY

WAS

OUTSPOKEN SKILLED

AND

POLITICAL

WHITE

WOMANWITH

WHOM

COULD POTENTIALLY NETWORK AND COLLABORATE YET WAS TREATING HER WITH MISTRUST RATHER THAN SUPPORT HER IN COMING FORTH WITH HER MOST POWERFUL ANTI INSTEAD RACIST LEADERSHIP WAS PLACING MYSELF AT COUNTERPOINT AND CHALLENGING HER TO PROVE HERSELF
OF AFFIRMATION TO

ME
THIS STORY

WHITE PEOPLE IS JUST ONE EXAMPLE IN THE REPERTOIRE OF SUBTLE WAYS ANTIRACIST FROM ONE ANOTHER IT WOULDHAVE BEEN EASY FOR ME TO NEVER ACKNOWLEDGE MY PUSH AWAY TOWARDS CHELSIE SHE MIGHT NOT HAVE LIKED MY BEHAVIOR TOWARDSHER BUT DOUBT ATTITUDE
SERIOUSLY

SHE WOULD HAVE IDENTIFIED

IT

IN

THE TERMS

HAVE UNCOVERING

THE BARRIERS

TO

INVOLVES SELFIDENTIFICATION WHICH IN TERN NECESSITATES HIGH CONSIDER ANOTHER EXAMPLE INVOLVING MORE COMPLEX POLITICAL FRAMEWORK HONESTY SIERRA PETERSON IS SENIOR AT AN ALL WOMENSCOLLEGE LAST FALL SHE HELPED ORGANIZE DAY OF ACTION TO PROTEST THE LACK OF TENURED FACULTY OF COLOR AND CHILD CARE ON HER CAMPUS
COLLABORATION

LEVEL OF INTROSPECTIVE

CAMPUS OPERATIONS FOR ONE DAY AN INCIDENT TO OCCURRED IN WHICH THREE WOMENOF COLOR DROVE OFF CAMPUS LAUGHING AND PUBLICLY REFUSING AS THEY WERE LEAVING TWO WHITE WOMENPROTESTERS CALLED OUT AFTER THEM IN JOIN THE PROTESTERS OF SIERRA DID NOT WITNESS THIS SCENE NOR DID SHE KNOWTHE IDENTITIES ANGER SHAME ON DURING
THE PROTEST TO STOP ALL

WHICH WAS INTENDED

YOU
LATER

THE WHITE

WOMENIN

QUESTION
THE THREE

WOMEN OF COLOR WHOHAD LEFT THE PROTEST POSTED AN OPEN WHICH READ TO THE TWO WHITE WOMENWHOSHAMED US ON THE DAY THROUGHOUT CAMPUS OF ACTION HOWDARE YOU THE LETTER WENT ON TO CHALLENGE THE WHITE WOMENS BEHAVIOR HOWDARE THEY DEFINE WHAT RESISTANCE WAS AND ASSUME THAT BY NOT ANGRILY DEMANDING
SEVERAL DAYS
LETTER

PARTICIPATING POINTS

THE

WOMENOF
TO THE

COLOR

WERE NOT

RESISTING PRIVILEGE

THE

LETTER

WENT ON TO

OUTLINE

FIVE

OTHER

ALL RELATING

NAMED MARGARETWHOSE TO CLASS WITH SIERRA CAME ACROSS THE SIERRA RESPECTED AFTER PAUSING TO READ THE LETTER SIERRA COMMENTEDTHAT OPINIONS AND POLITICS ITS CONTENT SEEMED RIGHT ON MARGARET HOWEVERBECAME VISIBLY UPSET AND PROCEEDED TO CONFIDE IN SIERRA THAT SHE WAS ONE OF THE WHITE WOMENTO WHOMTHE LETTER WAS DIRECTED
FRIEND IN CARLIE THE MIDST FRIEND OF THIS INTERACTION OF

PRESUMPTIVE WHITE LETTER WHILE WALKING

LACING

THE WHITE

WOMENSBEHAVIOR

ALSO

SIERRAS

ONE OF THE WOMENOF WALKED BY AND SHOT SIERRA

COLOR

WHOAUTHORED

THE LETTER

DISAPPROVING

LOOK FOR SIERRA THE

FELT LIKE WAS CAVORTING WITH THE ENEMY MOMENT WAS INTENSE SHE WAS AFRAID THAT CARLIE WOULD NO LONGER WANT TO BE FRIENDS WITH HER FOR ASSOCIATING WITH MARGARET OR WORSESIERRA WAS WORRIED SHE WOULD LOSE HER ACCEPTANCE AMONG THE WOMENOF COLOR ON CAMPUS IF SHE DID NOT DISTANCE HERSELF FROM MARGARET WHAT SHOULD SIERRA DO WHAT ACTION MARGARET WAS POLITICAL WOMANWHOM SIERRA WOULD BE THE MOST EFFECTIVE ANTIRACIST

EMOTIONAL

IMPACT

OF THIS

KNEW

TO BE OUTSPOKEN ABOUT RACISM AMONG OTHER CONDEMNATION FOR HER ACTION IN

POLITICAL

ISSUES

NOWMARGARET FACED

PUBLIC

HAPPEN

TO HERSELF

MANY WAYS MARGARETS POSITION REPRESENTED SIERRAS WORST FEARS ABOUT WHAT COULD SHOULD SHE MAKE MISTAKE IN THE TENSE RACIAL CLIMATE ON CAMPUS SIERRA FELT
HERSELF FROM MARGARET IN ORDER TO PROTECT HER OWNPOSITION AMONG EVEN WHILE SHE BELIEVED THE MOST TRANSFORMATIVE ANTIRACIST STRATEGY INVOLVED

PULLED TO DIFFERENTIATE PEOPLE OF COLOR

STAYING CLOSE TO HER WHITE FRIEND THE STORY ENDS WITHOUT SIERRA RESOLVING THE INTERNAL CONFLICT SHE FELT SIERRA HAD TO RUN TO CLASS WITHOUT BEING ABLE TO HAVE AN EXTENSIVE CONVERSATION WITH MARGARET ALTHOUGH SHE TRIED TO TALK TO MARGARET AGAIN LATER MARGARET SEEMED TO HAVE SHUT

DOWNAND
ACTIVITIES

DID NOT

WANT TO

DISCUSS THE INCIDENT

FURTHER

FOR

WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS

WHITE FOLKS

WHAT WOULD YOU DO IN SIERRAS POSITION HAVE YOU EVER BEEN CONFRONTED ABOUT YOUR OWNRACISM BY PERSON WHAT HAPPENED WHAT WAS THE IMPACT ON YOU
THINK
OF

ANOTHER WHITE

INTERVENTION FOLKS OF

YOU INTERVENED IN THE RACISM OF ANOTHER WHITE PERSON WHAT WAS YOUR STRATEGY WHAT WAS THE IMPACT OF YOUR INTERVENTION
TIME

VTHAT

COLOR WOULD YOU WANT

OF

SIERRA

TO

DO
WHITEONWHITE
ANTIRACIST

THINK
IT

TIME

EFFECTIVE

YOU WITNESSED WHY OR WHY NOT

INTERVENTION

WAS

WHAT ARE SOME OF THE

THE
STORIES

BARRIERS

BETWEEN ANTIRACIST
THE

WHITE PEOPLE

ABOVE TOUCH ON SOME OF

OF

DYNAMICS
THAT

THAT ARISE

CONTENDING

WITH ISSUES
OFFERS

RACISMDYNAMICS
WITHIN
THE

TERM

BETWEEN WHITE PEOPLE WHEN BARRIERS TO COLLABORATION WEBSTERS BEING

DIDIONARY

TWO

DEFINITIONS

OF COLLABORATION

THE FIRST

TO WORKTOGETHER AND

THE

SECOND

LIES THE CHALLENGE SEEMING CONTRADICTION OF THESE DEFINITIONS OF ANTIRACIST WHITE COLLABORATION ORGANIZED WHITE GROUPS BEAR LEGACY OF TREASON BE IT THE MURDEROUS RACISM OF THE THE REFUSAL OF LIBERAL WHITE FEMINIST GROUPS TO ADDRESS THE ISSUES OF

TO

COOPERATE TREASONABLY

KKK

AGENDA OF PEOPLE OF COLOR WHEN ORGANIZING WHITE COMMUNITIES DURING THE 1960S MARTINAS 1991 THE CHALLENGE WE MUST FACE WHITE PEOPLE CAN COLLABORATE CREATIVELY EFFECTIVELY THEN IS HOWANTIRACIST AND RESPONSIBLY WITHOUT THIS LEGACY ANTIRACIST WHITE ORGANIZING END IN AND OF ITSELF RATHER IT IS ONE PARTAN RELIVING

WOMENOF COLOR

OR THE FAILURE

OF RADICAL

WHITE

ACTIVISTS

TO MAINTAIN

THE

MUCHLARGER EFFORT TO END RACISM AN EFFORT THAT REQUIRES BOTH WORKING ACROSS AND IMPORTANT PARTOF WITHIN RACIAL BOUNDARIES KEEPING THIS LARGER VISION IN MIND ASK THE QUESTION WHAT BARRIERS GET IN
THE

4S

WAY

OF IMPLEMENTING

THE TOOL OF ANTIRACIST PETERSONS

DUALIST

WHITE COLLABORATION WELL AS IN

RACIST

EXAMPLE COMMUNITY IS

FOR

ON SIERRA

CAMPUS AS
RACIAL

MANY

OTHER

US SETTINGS

THE ANTI

STUCK WITHIN

IN SUCH SETTINGS DISTINCTION

WHITE PEOPLE FROM THE WHITE PEOPLE RESPECT THE LEADERSHIP OF PEOPLE GENERALLY UNAWARE OF COLOR WHOARE IN THIS FRAMEWORKTHE ACKNOWLEDGED EXPERTS ABOUT RACISM THEREFORE IF

PEOPLE BECOME DIVIDED WHICH SEPARATES THE HIP ANTIRACIST WHITE

RACIST

PARADIGM WHERE IDENTITY POLITICS DOMINATE INTO GOOD AND BAD CATEGORIES PRECARIOUS ONTOPOFTHEIRSTUFF

WHITE MASSES

GOOD

SIERRA

DOES NOT JOIN

LIKE

THE

WOMENOF

COLOR IN

THEIR PUBLICLY

CONDEMNATION

OF

NOT BE BEHAVING

GOOD

WHITE

PERSON

HENCE

SHE MUST BE

BAD

MARGARET SHE MUST

WHITE PERSON

WITHIN

THIS DUALISTIC

FRAMEWORK GUILT BY
SERIES

ASSOCIATION

COLLUSION

ARE POWERFUL CONCERNS

WHICH IMPOSE

DISTANCE

CAVORTING WITH THE ENEMY AND BETWEEN WHITE PEOPLE

THE IMPACT

BELOW
EACH BARRIER COLLABORATION

HAVE SUMMARIZED
OFFERED BRIEF
LIST IS

OF BARRIERS

TO ANTIRACIST

DESCRIPTION

AND DESCRIBED

WHITE ORGANIZING HAVE NAMED THE BARRIER HAS ON ANTIRACIST WHITE

THIS

INCOMPLETE

DYNAMICS
DISTANCING

PERTAIN TO THE INTERACTION

AND WELCOME YOU TO ADD BETWEEN WHITE PEOPLE

TO IT

KEEP

IN

MIND

THAT THESE

DESCRWI1ON

THE PURPOSEFUL
COLOR WILL IN NO INCIDENT

WAY BE

OF ONESELF FROM ANOTHER WHITE PERSON SO THAT ONES SHARED SKIN SEPARATION ASSOCIATED WITH SHARED BELIEFS PARTICULARLY IN THE WAKE OF RACIST

IMPACT

LEADS TO FORCEFUL SILENCING INTERVENTION TACTICS THE IMPULSE BEING ESTABLISH ONES OWNANTIRACISM IN THE FACE OF ANOTHERS RACISM

TO

STRIKEOUT

IN

ORDER TO

GUILT

BY ASSOCIATION DESCRIPTION

AVERSION TO INTERACTING TOO CLOSELY WITH OTHER WHITE PEOPLE FOR FEAR OF BEING PERCEIVED AS IN THEIR MISTAKES COMPLICIT COLLUDING WITH THEIR RACISM OR CAVORTING WITH THE ENEMY LEADS TO DISTANCING
INVESTING

IMPACT

BETWEEN WHITE FOLKS AND LIMITS

THE TRANSFORMATIVE

POTENTIAL

THAT OF

IN CLOSE RELATIONSHIPS ARE REAL

WITH ONE ANOTHER CAN HAVE

ON

THE OTHER

HAND CONSEQUENCES
FROM SPECIFIC

PERCEIVED COMPLICITY
ANTIRACIST CIRCLES

EG HURTFUL

GOSSIP

SCARRED REPUTATION EXCLUSION

JUDGING THE PERSON DESCRIPILON

OI

TO DIFFERENTIATE NEGATIVE

ONES

OWN NEGATIVE

JUDGMENTS ABOUT PERSON AS

STRATEGIES

RACIST

ACTION

OR STATEMENT FROM

JUDGMENTS ABOUT THE OFFENDING

INTERVENTIONS

WHOLE COMMUNICATION SHUT

LMPACT

LEADS TO SILENCING

DOWN DILEMMA

AND INEFFECTIVE BREAKDOWN IN RELATIONSHIP

OF SELFRIGHTEOUSNESS DESCRIPTION DISMISSAL OF ONE

PROSELYTIZING ANTIRACIST WHITE PEOPLE OF SENSE OF JUSTICE IN

IN THE COURSE OF

WHITE PERSON BY ANOTHER WHITE PERSON AS BEING MAKING AN ANTIRACIST INTERVENTION

SELF

RIGHTEOUS JUDGMENTAL
PERPETUAL CHALLENGE

OR
FOR

THE

HOWTO CONVEY

STRONG OPINIONS

BASED ON

COMPLEXLY CONSTRUCTED

WAY

THAT OTHERS CAN HEAR TO CREATE ANTIRACIST

IMPACT

FAILED

INTERVENTIONS

INABILITY

TRANSFORMATION

EXTREME FRUSTRATION

BREAKDOWN IN COMMUNICATION

BETWEEN WHITE PEOPLE

LENS OF MISTRUST DESCRIPTION

MISTRUST SCRUTINY

BETWEEN WHITE PEOPLE OVER THEIR RESPECTIVE

OF WHITE PEOPLES

LEVEL OF RACIAL

AWARENESS

THE

WORDSAND

ACTIONS

FOR SIGNS

OF RACISM BY OTHER WHITE PEOPLE

IMPACT

CREATES

AN BARRIER TO BUILDING

RELATIONSHIPS

BETWEEN ANTIRACIST

WHITE PEOPLE

THE WHITE COMMUNITY

DESCRIPTION
TERM DEVOID
AFFINITY OF

MEANING

TO

MANY WHITE PEOPLE

SETTINGS

THE

FEELING

OF LACK OF PRIDE

CAMARADERIE

OR

BETWEEN ANTIRACIST

WHITE PEOPLE
OR ON THE BASIS OF OTHER IDENTITY AFFILIATIONS

IMPACT

COMMUNITY SOUGHT
POLITICAL BELIEFS

IN MULTICULTURAL

COMMUNITY ON

SEXUALITY GENDER RELIGION THE BASIS OF THEIR WHITENESS

AVERSION

OF ANTIRACIST

WHITE PEOPLE TO CREATING

THIS

PLACE

IS

TOO

WHITE
THE
MENTALITY DICTATING
IS

DESCRIPTION

THAT

IF

YOU

ARE NOT ONE OF FEW WHITE PEOPLE IN

ROOMYOU

ARE IN

AN ATMOSPHERE THAT PEOPLE THEMSELVES

TOO WHITE THE

AVOIDANCE OF SPACES WITH MAJORITY

WHITE PEOPLE BY WHITE

IMPACT

AND WORKING WITH OTHER WHITE PEOPLE FROM BUILDING RELATIONSHIPS DISCOURAGES ANTIRACIST WHITE PEOPLE EFFORTS TO CREATE INCLUSIVE SPACES WHICH BRING ANTIRACIST WHITE PEOPLE TOGETHER MEET WITH FAILURE UNLESS WHITE PEOPLES DESIRE TO BE IN THOSE SPACES IS SIMULTANEOUSLY

MAY

CULTIVATED

IGNORING

OUR DIFFERENCES
ASSUMPTION
MONOLITHIC
IN OR

DESCRIPTION

DE

WHITE GROUPS THAT BECAUSE EVELYONE

OF SERIOUS POTENTIALLY RIFTING

IS

WHITE

THE GROUP IS

SOMEHOW

DIFFERENCES

IMPACT

CLASS GENDER SEXUALITY AGE ETHNICITY AND OTHER DIFFERENCES CAN HINDER COLLABORATION IF WHITE GROUP OR COMMUNITY HAS RESULTED NOT ADDRESSED YET CONCENTRATION ON DYNAMICS WITHIN IN BYPASSING THE INTENDED GOAL OF FIGHTING RACISM IN THE PAST

GOODAND BAD
DESCRIVI1ON

WHITE PEOPLE
THE
DIVISION DISTINCTION

DICHOTOMOUS OF WHITE PEOPLE INTO GOOD AND CATEGORIES WHICH SEPARATES WHITE PEOPLE WHOGET IT FROM THE GENERALLY UNAWARE
DUALISTIC OF RACE ESTABLISHES BARRIER TO BUILDING CONCEPTUALIZATION FINITE LIMIT AND COMMUNITY BETWEEN WHITE PEOPLE AND CREATES

BAD

RACIST

WHITE

MASSES

IMPACT

FEEDS INTO

RELATIONSHIPS POTENTIAL ANTIRACIST

TO

THE

SCOPE

OF

MOVEMENT

EXCEPTIONAL

OTHER
TRULY

DESCRIPTION TMPACT

PHENOMENAL
DIVIDER

GOOD WHITE

PERSON THE OUTSTANDING ANTIRACIST

WHITE EXCEPTION
OF COLOR

TO

THE RACIST WHITE INSIDIOUS DEFEATS

NORM OR THE ONE WHITE FACE ACCEPTED IN AMONGANTIRACIST

PURPOSE OF ANTIRACIST

COMMUNITY

WHITE PEOPLE FOSTERS SENSE OF COMPETITION AND

THE ULTIMATE LIMITS

WORK

ESTABLISHES

HIERARCHY

AMONG

ANTIRACIST

WHITE

PEOPLE WHICH

THE LOCUS OF COLLABORATION

POSSIBLE

HONORARY PEOPLE OF COLOR PERTAINS DESCRIPTION

PEOPLE

PEOPLE WHODO NOT ACT WHITE THEREFORE HAVE CLAIMED PERSON OF COLOR IDENTITY
TO WHITE REJECTION OF OTHER WHITE PEOPLE

OR DO NOT

OWN THEIR

WHITENESS

AND

PERPETUATED BY BOTH PEOPLE OF COLOR AND WHITE

OR THREATEN
IN

IMPACT

WHOREFLECT OWN SELFHATE

ACCEPTANCE

COMMUNITY AND IMPEDES

OF COLOR ACCENTUATES HIERARCHY COLLABORATION

BETWEEN WHITE PEOPLE

EXCEPTIONALIZES

SELECT GROUP

WITH OTHER WHITE FOLKS

COMPETITION AND DESCRIPTION

SCARCITY COMMODIFICATION TECHNIQUES WHICH THERE

OF SOCIAL JUSTICE TRAINING
SKILLS

AND EDUCATION
TO BUILDING

AND
IS IS

TO SELL AS

LIMITED

ORGANIZATIONS LOCATIONS ROOM FOR WHITE FOLKS AND THEREFORE THE COMPETETION TO BE ONE OF THOSE

THE KEY

HOARDING MULTICULTURAL

OF BEST MATERIALS IN

WHITE PEOPLE

INTENSE

IMPACT

BREEDS POOR ANTIRACISM STRATEGIES EFFECTIVE TRAINING CULTURE OF CAPITALISM THE PROBLEM IS NOT THAT THERE ARE SPACES IN WHICH ONLY FEW TECHNIQUES ARE NOT SHARED WIDELY WHITE PEOPLE ARE WELCOME BUT RATHER THAT THE ENERGY OF WHITE PEOPLE WHOWANT TO GET COMPETITION

THE

IN

IS

NEITHER

UTILIZED

NOR CHANNELED INTO APPROPRIATE ARENAS

CREDENTIALING

DESCRIPTION

THE

OF COLOR IN AN OBVIOUS WAY TO PROCESS OF LISTING ONES CONNECTIONS TO COMMUNITIES ONESELF TO PEOPLE OF COLOR OR DIFFERENTIATE ONES PERSPECTIVE FROM OTHER WHITE PEOPLE LEGITIMIZE

IMPACT

CREATES

DISTANCE

BETWEEN WHITE PEOPLE

FOSTERS COMPETITION

AND PRECLUDES

ALLIANCE

BUILDING

BROKERING

DESCRIVTION

OCCURS WHEN WHITE ACTIVISTS

POLITICAL

CONSCIOUSLY

LIMIT

THE ACCESS OF OTHER WHITE FOLKS TO THEIR OF COLOR FUELED BY THE DESIRE
TO

CONTACTS STATUS

AND RELATIONSHIPS

WITH ORGANIZATIONS

MAINTAIN

EXCEPTIONAL

IMPACT

PRAYS UPON THE LACK OF TRUST FOSTERED BY RACISM WHICH MAKES PEOPLE OF COLOR LESS LIKELY TO COLLABORATE WITH WHITE PEOPLE THEY DO NOT KNOW LIMITS SIZE AND POTENCY OF MOVEMENT

QUESTIONS FOLKS OF

FOR

WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS WITNESSED

IN

COLOR
EVER WITNESSED
IF

HAVE YOU HAVE YOU

EFFECTIVE

ANY OF THE AN ANTI

BARRIERS

OUTLINED

ABOVE DO YOU HAVE

EFFORT

OTHERS TO

ADD

RACIST WHITE

COLLABORATIVE

IFSO WAS

THE EFFORT USEFUL

ACCOUNTABLE

NOT DO YOU THINK SUCH

AS EFFORT IS POSSIBLE

WHITE FOLKS

HAVE ANY OF THE BARRIERS LISTED ABOVE IMPACTED YOU HOW DO YOU HAVE OTHERS TO ADD HAVE YOU EVER BEEN PART OF AN ANTIRACIST WHITE ORGANIZING EFFORT SO WHAT WERE THE OF THE EFFORT WHAT PROBLEMS DID YOU ENCOUNTER IF NOT WHY NOT STRENGTHS

WHYDO THESE
POSIT THAT

BARRIERS EXIST MANY

THE OF THE BARRIERS
CALL

ABOVE

ARE

PRODUCT OF WHAT

WHITE PEOPLE DISCUSSED ORGANIZATION BETWEEN ANTIRACIST DUALISTIC ANTIRACISM ALTHOUGH MANY OF US MAY NOT BE DUALISTIC
TO

THINKERS

PER SAY INFLUENCED BY DUALISTIC

RELIGIOUS

DOMINANT

ANTIRACIST

TENDENCIES

DISCOURSE IN UNITED STATES SOCIETY REMAINS HEAVILY POWERFUL SOCIETAL FORCES SUCH AS MAINSTREAM MEDIA POLITICIANS
INSTITUTIONS CULTURE

ORGANIZATIONS

AND EVEN EDUCATIONAL

IS

SHOULD THEREFORE BE NO SURPRISE DUALISM IN ADDITION DUALISM PROCESS

THAT THE ANTIRACIST

ENCOURAGEDICHOTOMOUS THINKING WITHIN SUCH SOCIETY MIGHT REFLEDS

IT

THIS

KNEFELKAMP 1996

NATURAL DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE IN THE HUMAN COGNITIVE GROWTH HOUSED WITHIN ALL OF US NAIVE DUALISM RESONATES IN THE PART OF OURSELVES

THAT LONGS FOR ABSOLUTE TRUTH

AND HUNGERS FOR SIMPLE

THEN THAT IN EARLY STAGES OF ANTIRACIST TOWARDS DUALISTIC PATTERNS IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND WHAT MEAN BY DUALISTIC

ANSWERS TO THE COMPLEXITIES OF LIFE IT FOLLOWS CONSCIOUSNESS DEVELOPMENT WHITE PEOPLE WOULD TEND ANTIRACISM
IT

MAY BE HELPFUL

TO FIRST DISCUSS THEORIST

SOME GENERAL
KNEFELKAMP

PROPERTIES

OF DUALISTIC

THINKING

AS OUTLINED

BY COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENTAL
CONFERENCE

LEE

IN HER 1996

SPEECH AT THE PSYCHOLOGY CHARADERISTICS

OF BIGOTRY

OF DUALISTIC

THINKING

DUALISTIC OF EITHER

THINKING

IS

DICHOTOMOUS

THE

DUALISTIC

THINKER HAS

AND OR BLACK AND WHITE YES AND

IS

NO GOOD AND
IS

TWO SUITCASES BAD ME AND YOU

IN LIFE

CONSISTING

KNCRWLEDGE AUTHORITY

RELATED

TO ABSOLUTE

TRUTH AND ARE

AND
SOCIETY

EXTERNAL

AND THE

KNOWLEDGE AROUND THEM

WHAT

HANDED DOWNFROM EXTERNAL SOURCES THIS RECEIVED DUALISTIC THINKERS USE TO UNDERSTAND THEMSELVES

DUALISTIC THINK
IT
IT

THINKERS

MOLD THEMSELVES

IS

THE RESPONSIBILITY

KNOWLEDGE THAT IS GIVEN AS OPPOSED TO USING KNOWLEDGE TO OF THE DUALISTIC THINKER TO TAKE IN KNOWLEDGE WITHOUT QUESTIONING
TO

WITHIN

DUALISTIC

FRAMEWORK THERE
BETTER

SELFWORTH IS
DISCIPLE

DIRECTLY

AS AN ENORMOUS COMMUNITY PRESSURE TO GET IT RESULT RELATED TO GETTING THE RECEIVED KNOWLEDGE CORRECTLY TO THE DEGREE ONE
IS

IS

ONE IS

PERSON
OPERATES

NOW CONSIDER
MIND
THAT

THE PARALLEL
SPECIFICALLY

WAYS ANTIRACISM
SPEAKING

WHEN APPLIED
OF DUALISTIC

TO

DUALISTIC

AM

ABOUT THE IMPACT

ANTIRACISM

FRAMEWORK KEEP ON WHITE PEOPLE

IN

CHARACTERISTICS

OF DUALISTIC

ANTIRACISM BY
RACIAL IDENTITY

PEOPLE OF WHITE PEOPLE ARE DIVIDED BY GOOD AND BAD POLITICAL PERSPECTIVE CLASSIFICATIONS AS WELL AS OTHER BINARY CATEGORIES WHICH SEPARATE THE HIP ANTIRACIST ONTOPOF THEIRSTUFF WHITE PEOPLE FROM THE GENERALLY UNAWARE RACIST WHITE MASSES
ATITIRACISMN
IS

DUALISTIC

DICHOTOMOUS

SOCIETY

IS

DIVIDED

COLOR WHITE PEOPLE NOT

WHAT IS PEOPLE OF COLOR ARE THE EXPERTS ABOUT RACISM KNOWLEDGEABOUT RACISM IDENTIFYING OR IS NOT RACIST IS RECEIVED BY WHITE PEOPLE FROM PEOPLE OF COLOR WHITE PEOPLE CAN LEARN TO CONTRADICT THEIR OWN RACISM BY ADHERING TO SPECIFIC GUIDELINES SPEAK OUT AGAINST RACISM
IN

IE

ORDER TO

LIFT

THE

BURDEN FROM PEOPLE

EXPLAIN OR DONT ASSUME THESE GUIDELINES AT TIMES ETC CONTRADICTORY CONSTITUTE RECEIVED KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE HOWTO BEHAVE TO BECOME GOOD WHITE PERSON WHITE PEOPLE WHOTRY TO MAKE ANTIRACIST INTERVENTIONS HAVE VERY LITTLE CLOUT
VOICES OF

COLOR

OR

EDUCATE

YOU UNDERSTAND WHAT

YOURSELF PERSON OF COLOR THINKSFEELS

COLOR DONT ASK PEOPLE

OF

OR

DONT

EG

TALK TOO MUCH LEAVE

ROOMFOR

OF COLOR TO

BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT PEOPLE OF COLOR WHITE PEOPLE OFTEN FEEL THE RESPONSIBILITY TO ACCEPT THE KNOWLEDGE RECEIVED FROM PEOPLE OF COLOR BECAUSE WHITE PEOPLE DO NOT EXPERIENCE RACISM THEY CANNOT COMPLETELY UNQUESTIONINGLY

UNDERSTAND WHAT
PERSPECTIVES
THERE

RACIAL

OPPRESSION HOLDING
OF COLOR ARE

IS LIKE

AND

THEREFORE

MUST

PRIVILEGE

THE VOICES

OF PEOPLE OF THE

COLOR SELFMONITORING
OF PEOPLE

BACK

MISTRUST OF OTHER WHITE PEOPLE AND FEAR OF CRITIQUING

COMMONEFFECTS

GET IT WITH RESPECT TO RACISM TO THE EXTENT THAT WHITE PEOPLE GET IT THEY CAN BECOME GOOD AND POSSIBLY EVEN EXCEPTIONAL WHITE PEOPLE THOSE WHODO NOT GET IT ARE OFTEN DISCOUNTED BY OTHER WHITE PEOPLE DYNAMICS SUCH AS GUILTBY ASSOCIATION AND DISTANCING COME INTO PLAY
IS

PRESSURE FOR WHITE PEOPLE TO

IT

IS

IMPORTANT
POLITICS

TO REALIZE DUALISTIC

THAT THERE ARE

IDENTITY

ANTIRACISM

DISPLAYED BY WHITE ASSUMPTION THAT WHITE PEOPLE WERE UNAWARE OF THEIR PRIVILEGE UNCONSCIOUSNESS

IN THE CONTEXT OF MANY BENEFITS TO DUALISTIC ANTIRACISM HAS WORKEDWELL IN MANY WAYS BASED ON THE LEVEL OF RACIAL WOMENDURING THE SECOND WAVE FEMINIST MOVEMENT THE

AND

RELATIVELY

UNSOPHISTICATED

IN

THEIR

ABILITY

TO

RESPOND

TO RACISM

WAS USUALLY VALID

VELL IN

STILL

TODAY MANY WHITE PEOPLE NEED

SETTINGS

TO PASS THROUGH

DUALISTIC

STAGE BEFORE FUNCTIONING

MORE CONTEXTUAL
OF DUALISTIC

BENEFITS

ANTIRACISM
THE MAJORITY OF THE WHITE

DUALISTIC

ANTIRACISM

IS

FRNCTIONAL

BECAUSE

PEOPLE IN
BASIC

THIS

COUNTRY

ARE NOT COMPLEX THINKERS MOBILIZATION

ABOUT RACISM DUALISTIC

ANTIRACISM

PROVIDES

FRAMEWORK FOR

DUALISTIC OFFERS

ANTIRACISM

SIMPLIFIES

CLEAR LIST OF BEHAVIORAL OF RACISM

MORE MANAGEABLE GRASPABLE ISSUE IT COMPLEX PROBLEM INTO FOR WHITE PEOPLE WHOFEEL OVERWHELMED BY THE GUIDELINES
IN
IT

PERVASIVENESS
PROLIFERATED OF

AND

THEIR COMPLICITY

ONESHOT DIVERSITY
ANTIRACISM
TO WHITE AS

TRAININGS

WHICH HAVE
IN THE

IN THE PAST TEN

YEARS

OFTEN INTRODUCE

PARTICIPANTS

FORM

HELPFULBUT NONETHELESS DUALISTICGUIDELINES

DUALISTIC

ABOUT

HOWTO ACT

AN

ALLY TO PEOPLE OF COLOR

ANTIRACISM

OFFERS

TEMPORARY
IT

RESPITE

TO PEOPLE OF COLOR

FROM THE DAILY EXHAUSTION

OF TRYING

TO

FOR PEOPLE OF COLOR TO CREATE WHITE PEOPLE AS WELL AS STRUCTURE IN COMMUNITY WITH EACH OTHER WITHOUT HAVING WHICH PEOPLE OF COLOR ARE LISTENED TO AND THEIR EXPERIENCES AUTOMATICALLY VALIDATED BY WHITE BE HEARD AND FIGHTING FOR VALIDATION

PROVIDES

SIMPLE

JUSTIFICATION

TO DEAL WITH

ALLIES

AT THE SAME TIME

DUALISTIC

ANTIRACISM

IS

COSTLY

COSTS OF DUALISTIC

ANTIRACISM

DUALISTIC ESTABLISHING

ANTIRACISM
DIVISION

CONSTITUTES

RESTRICTIVE

BETWEEN

GOOD
AS

AND SELFDEFTATING APPROACH TO ANTIRACIST CHANGE BY AND WHITE PEOPLE DUALISTIC ANTIRACISM HINDERS

BAD

WHITE PEOPLE FROM WORKING TOGETHER

SCALE ANTIRACIST FIGHTING TO

WHICH MANY

IN

TURN

ULTIMATELY

HURTS THE CHANCES FOR LARGE NOT JUST

SELECT

CHANGE END RACISM

ANTIRACISM

WE NEED

WHITE PEOPLE AS POSSIBLE

FEW

THE TENDENCY TO SILENCE AND SHUT STRATEGIES TRANSFORMATION MIGHT BE POSSIBLE IS MUCH GREATER DOWNWHITE OFFENDERS EVEN IN INSTANCES DUALISTIC FRAMEWORK WHITEONWHITE INTERVENTION STRATEGIES ARE BOUND TO BE FLAWED
DUALISTIC LEADS TO POOR INTERVENTION OF PEOPLE BASE THEIR ACTIONS ON HOWTHEY ARE GOING TO BE PERCEIVED BY PEOPLE COLOR INSTEAD OF THINKING ABOUT THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAYS TO CHANGE THE RACIST BEHAVIORS OF OTHER AS LONG AS WHITE

WHITE PEOPLE

RUN DUALISTIC RACISM MAKES PEOPLE OF

THE

IN

LONG

ANTI GREATER BURDEN ON PEOPLE OF COLOR DUALISTIC THE ONLY RELIABLE SOURCES OF POWER COLOR THE ONLY REAL AUTHORITIES HENCE
ANTIRACISM
PLACES

CAPABLE OF MAKING ANTIRACIST

CHANGE

AT COUNTERPOINT

TO DUALISTIC

RACISM

CONTEXTUAL ANTIRACISM
THE

UNDERSTANDING

IT MORE COMPLEX PERMITS AND MAKE DECISIONS ABOUT WAYS PEOPLE CONSTRUCT KNOWLEDGE FORM OPINIONS

ANTIRACISM IS THE EMERGING VOICE IN DIFFERS FROM DUALISTIC ANTIRACISM

OF

WHAT

CALL

CONTEXTUAL

ANTI

THAT

ACTION

GENERAL QUALITIES
ET

OF CONTEXTUAL THINKERS

NOT

SPECIFIC

BELERIKY

AL 1986

GILLIGAN

1982

KNEFELKAMP

1979

CONTEXT AN ANTIRACIST AND IVLOORE 1987 TAYLOR

TO

ARE AS FOLLOWS

CHARACTERISTICS

OF CONTEXTUAL

THINKING
AND FROM
VARIETY

CONTEXTUAL

THINKERS ARE ABLE TO SEE ISSUES

WITH

COMPLEXITY
CRITERIA

OF PERSPECTIVES

THEY

ASSUME

NEED FOR CRITERIA AND UNDERSTAND THAT ACCORDING TO FRAME OF REFERENCE

THE

BOTH CHANGES OVER TIME AND VARIES

BOTH AUTHORITIES AND SELF CONTRIBUTE TO THE FORMATION OF OPINIONS IS SOUGHT THROUGH QUESTION TRUTH IS DETERMINED BY CONTEXT AND FRAME OF REFERENCE VALIDITY AND RATIONAL PROCESSES OF INTUITIVE POSING DIALOGUE AND COMBINATION
KNOWLEDGE
IS

CONSTRUCTED

AND INAPPROPRIATE OPTIONS ON UNDERSTAND THAT MORETHAN ONE LEGITIMATE BASIS OF CRITERIA AND CONSTRUCTED KNOWLEDGE THEY NOT POSSIBLE TO DO THEM ALL CHOICES MUST BE MADE OPTION MAY EXIT AND THAT
CONTEXTUAL THINKERS CAN

MAKE DISTINCTIONS

BETWEEN APPROPRIATE

THE

CONTEXTUAL

THINKERS ARE ABLE TO COMMIT

TO ACTION AFTER

THE LEGITIMATE

ALTERNATIVES

ARE EXPLORED THE

ACTION

IS

TAKEN AFTER EXPERIENCING

THAT

AND CONTENDING

WITH DOUBT

WITH ACTION COMES

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

COMMITMENT CONSTITUTES
QUALITIES

STATEMENT ABOUT SELF

THE REALM OF ANTIRACISM FOR WHITE

NOW CONSIDER HOWTHESE

MIGHT PLAY OUT

IN

PEOPLE

CHARACTERISTICS

OF CONTEXTUAL

ANTIRACISM
REVEAL

RACISM

IS

VIEWED AS ANTIRACISM

COMPLEX
REJECTS

ISSUE

ABOUT WHICH

DIFFERENT

PERSPECTIVES

DIFFERENT

ANGLES

CONTEXTUAL
ALLIANCES

DICHOTOMOUS SUCH AS
LIVED

BIOLOGICALLY

DETERMINANT
POLITICAL

CATEGORIZATIONS

ARE BASED

ON CRITERIA

EXPERIENCE

PERSPECTIVE

AND

DEMONSTRATED ACTIONNOT

IDENTITY

POLITICS

BETWEEN SELF AND OTHERS RESPECT IS HELD KNOWLEDGE ABOUT RACISM IS CONSTRUCTED THROUGH DIALOGUE ARE TO SIMPLISTIC OPINIONS PRIVILEGING FOR THE VOICES OF PEOPLE OF COLOR WITHOUT GIVING IN AND POLITICAL FORMED ON THE BASIS OF HISTORICAL UNDERSTANDING INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS AS WELL AS ONES WITH OTHER ANTIRACIST PEOPLE ANALYSIS VALIDITY IS SOUGHT THROUGH DIALOGUE

OWNCRITICALLY
CONTEXTUAL

FORMED OPINION
ANTIRACISM
INVOLVES GIVEN RACISM ON THE BASIS OF THE MAKING DECISIONS ABOUT HOW TO RESPOND TO ANTIRACIST ACTIONS ARE DETERMINED BY CONTEXT AND SITUATION THAT THERE

COIN PLEX FACTORS IMPACTING

FRAME OF REFERENCE UNDERSTANDING ANY ONE CIRCUMSTANCE

NECESSITATES

MAY BE

RANGE OF POSSIBLE
SOLUTIONS

ANTIRACIST TO

ACTIONS

FOR

THE REJECTION

OF PRESCRIPTIVE

COMPLEX

SITUATIONS

CONTEXT UAL ANTIRACISM

THE RANGE OF POSSIBLE

INVOLVES

THE

COMMITMENT

TO TAKE

ACTION

ACTIONS

ARE

BASED ON ASSESSING AND

THE FEAR OF MAKING MISTAKES APPROPRIATE CHOICES CONFRONTING COMMITMENT ENCOMPASSES ACCEPTANCE OF RES ONSIBILITY FOR FOLLOWING THROUGH NONETHELESS THE ABILITY ADAPT TO TRATEGIES TO UNFORESEEN CONSEQUENCES THE WILLINGNESS TO TAKE RISKS AND

CHANGING

CIRCUMSTANCES

AT
DUALISTIC

THE CORE OF

MANY

OF THE BARRIERS
IT

TO ANTIRACIST
IS

WHITE ORGANIZING

IS

THE TENSION

BETWEEN

AND CONTEXTUAL ANTIRACISM FROM BOTH

DUALISTIC THE ACTIONS

BE DERIVED DOMINANT

AND

OPINION CAN IMPORTANT TO REALIZE THAT THE SAME ANTIRACIST GIVEN THE DUALISTIC TENDENCIES OF CONTEXTUAL PERSPECTIVE

US CULTURE
DUALISTIC

OF CONTEXTUAL THINKERS

MAY

BE INTERPRETED

DUALISTICALLY

HAS PROVEN AN EFFECTIVE STRATEGY OF THE RIGHT WING TO PIT POLITICAL COMPLEXLY DERIVED OPINIONS BECOME CONFUSED WITH AND DISMISSED AS PEOPLE AGAINST WHITE PERSON FORMULA POLITICAL WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF DUALISTIC ANTIRACISM THE ANTIRACIST WHICH AVOID FEEDING HAS TO WORK VERY HARDYND INTERVENTION STRATEGIES AND MEANS OF COLLABORATION UNDER STRESS FEAR AND THREAT KNEFELKAMP FRAMEWORK INTO THE DUALISTIC PEOPLE ARE

ENCOURAGING

INTERPRETATIONS

EACH OTHER

CORR

WHEN

MORE NARROWLY THAN OPENLY AND WITH MORE MORE DUALISTICALLY EXPLAINED THEY RACIAL ISSUES ARE LADEN WITH SHORTNESS OF COMMUNICATION AND SELLRIGHTEOUSNESS OF PURPOSE 1996 EVEN WHEN WE MEAN TO OPERATE FROM CONTEXTUAL PREMISE THE TENDENCY TO STRESS FEAR AND THREAT
TEND TO BEHAVE
FALL INTO

DUALISTIC

FRAMEWORK IS STRONG

IN 1998

THERE DOES

EXIS

RESPONDED
THEMSELVES

TO THE CALLS

OF PEOPLE OF COLOR

AND AROUND THEM

WHITE PEOPLE WHOHAVE CADRE OF RELATIVELY UNCONNECTED ANTIRACIST AND TAKEN SERIOUSLY THE TASK OF CONFRONTING RACISM IN THIS PLACES US IN TURBULENT HISTORICAL MOMENT WITH REGARDS TO ANTI
OF DUALISTIC

RACISM HINDERED BY THE LIMITATIONS CONTEXTUAL ANTIRACISM BREAKING

INVOLVES GIVING INVOLVES NOT ONLY REFUSING

ANTIRACISM

YET NOT COMPLETELY EXPERIENCE

PREPARED FOR
OF RACE
IT

DOWNTHE

OVERLY SIMPLISTIC
OF CULTURE

AND DICHOTOMOUS UNDERPINNINGS

OF RACE

VOICE TO THE HUGE DIVERSITY

TO ACCEPT

DASS AND

AMONG WHITE PEOPLE

BLACKWHITE

CONCEPTIONS

WHITENESS

MEANS OVERCOMING BY STANDARDS AND DARING TO BUILD COMMUNITY EXCEPTIONAL BASED IT MEANS REJECTING OUTWARD APPEARANCES AND POTENTIAL CRITICISM OUR FALLIBILITY IDENTITY HIERARCHIES THAT FUEL THE DICHOTOMOUS FIRES OF BIOLOGICAL DETERMINACY BY LINKING POLITICAL AWARENESS TO WITH THE MOST OUTSTANDING AWARENESS ABOUT RACISM PHYSIOLOGY IT MEANS ACCEPTING THAT WHITE PEOPLE STRIVE TO DIMINISH ARE JUST AS WHITE AS KKK MEMBERS THESE ARE NOT SIMPLE TASKS AT THE SAME TIME
IT

THE FEAR OF GUILT

ASSOCIATION

BUT GOODBAD CONCEPTIONS WITH WHITE PEOPLE WHODO NOT MEET WITH EACH OTHER DESPITE AND RELATIONSHIPS
OF

THE DIVISIONS QUESTIONS

AMONG WHITE PEOPLE ALSO OPENLY ADHERE TO THEM WHICH HOPE YOU WILL JOIN ME IN PONDERING FEROCIOUSLY
CHALLENGES
FOR ANTIRACIST

LEAVE THE READER WITH FOUR

WHITE PEOPLE

TO

WHERE DO WE DRAW THE LINES BETWEEN WHITE PEOPLE WITH TO EDUCATE TO WHITE PEOPLE WHITE PEOPLE WE ARE WILLING WHAT IS
THE CRITERIA

WHOMWE ARE WILLING TO COLLABORATE WHOMWE OUTRIGHT CONDEMN

WITH

BY WHICH

WE AS

ANTIRACIST

WHITE

PEOPLE ESTABLISH

WHOMWE WILL

WORK

HOWDO WE MAINTAIN
OURSELVES TO COLLABORATION

THE

OUR ANTIRACIST POLITICS AND SIMULTANEOUSLY OF WHITE PEOPLE WITH GREATER NUMBERS VEHEMENCE
OF

OPEN

HOW DO WE MAINTAIN
UNDER
THE DUALISTIC ANTIRACIST

OUR EXCEPTIONAL STANDARDS BUT DEFY OUR EXCEPTIONAL STATUS

FRAMEWORK THESE QUESTIONS CANNOT BE ANSWERED TO ANY DEGREE OF SATISFACTION BUT USING THE RUBRIC OF CONTEXTUAL ANTIRACISM MY HOPE IS THAT THE CURRENTLY DISPARATE WHITE PEOPLE CAN FIND EACH OTHER BUILD CONNECTIONS AND IMPLEMENT YET GROWING CADRE OF ANTIRACIST

ANTIRACISM TALKING AND

STRATEGIES ACTING

IN

WHITE

COMMUNITIES

FROM
WILL

THIS

COLLECTIVE

WISDOM

NEW WAY OF

THINKING

ABOUT RACE AND ANTIRACISM

EMERGE

LIMITED

BIBLIOGRAPHY

BELENKY CLINCHY GOLDBERGER TARULE WOMENS WAY OF KNOWING BREITMAN

NEWYORK
LETTER

BASIC

BOOKS 1986

ED

YORK

PATHFINDER

BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY SPEECHES 1970

VOICE

INTERVIEZZS

AND

BY MALCOLM

NEW

GILLIGAN

CAROL

IN

DIFFERENT

CAMBRIDGE HARVARD

UNIVERSITY

PRESS 1982

KNEFELKAMP LEE

PERNICIOUS

DUALISM SPEECH
1996

PRESENTED AT THE PSYCHOLOGY OF BIGOTRY

CONFERENCE PORTLAND MALCOLM

VIARTINAS

OR FEBRUARY 10

THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF MALCOM

NEW YORK

GOLDEN PRESS 1965

AND ORGANIZERS COURSE

SHARON CHALLENGING WHITE SUPREMACY READER 1995 MARTINAS SHARON LEGACIES

INTERNATIONAL

WORKSHOP FOR ACTIVISTS

SNCCS PERSPECTIVES
PAPER

SOLIDARITY

UNPUBLISHED

BLACK SUDIES

ON BLACK LIBERATION WHITE SUPREMACY AND 30401 SAN FRANCISCO STATE

UNIVERSITY

1991

MOORE WILLIAM
AT

TUNING TO

STUDENT VOICES

AAHE

NATIONAL

CONVERENCE WASHINGTON

DC

UNDERSTANDING STUDENTS 1991

DEVELPMENT
IN

AS

LEARNERS

PRESENTED

NEW YORK

JR FORMS OF INTELLECTUAL AND PERRY WILLIAM HOLT RINEHART WINSTON 1970

ETHICAL

THE COLLEGE

YEARS

SCHEME