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  • Autonomic Nervous System

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    Ibrahim Ak
    13 tayangan14 halaman
    The document summarizes the characteristics and functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic division originates from the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord and targets organs like the heart, lungs, and gut. It uses norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter and targets alpha and beta receptors. The parasympathetic division originates from the craniosacral region and targets glands and visceral organs using acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter and muscarinic receptors. The sympathetic division increases heart rate and contracts muscles while the parasympathetic division decreases heart rate and relaxes muscles.

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    Autonomic Nervous System (1)

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    The document summarizes the characteristics and functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic division originates from the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord and targets organs like the heart, lungs, and gut. It uses norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter and targets alpha and beta receptors. The parasympathetic division originates from the craniosacral region and targets glands and visceral organs using acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter and muscarinic receptors. The sympathetic division increases heart rate and contracts muscles while the parasympathetic division decreases heart rate and relaxes muscles.

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    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Unduh sebagai PPTX, PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    13 tayangan14 halaman

    Autonomic Nervous System

    Diunggah oleh

    Ibrahim Ak
    The document summarizes the characteristics and functions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic division originates from the thoracolumbar region of the spinal cord and targets organs like the heart, lungs, and gut. It uses norepinephrine as a neurotransmitter and targets alpha and beta receptors. The parasympathetic division originates from the craniosacral region and targets glands and visceral organs using acetylcholine as a neurotransmitter and muscarinic receptors. The sympathetic division increases heart rate and contracts muscles while the parasympathetic division decreases heart rate and relaxes muscles.

    Hak Cipta:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Unduh sebagai PPTX, PDF, TXT atau baca online dari Scribd
    Tandai sebagai konten tidak pantas
    dari 14

    Autonomic Nervous System

    Dr.Sreedhar Dept. of Physiology

    Characteristics of Sympathetics
    Thoracolumber outflow : Spinal cord T1-L3 Ganglia : Either side of vertebral column Preganglionic fiber : short Postganglionic fiber : long Neurotransmitter in ganglia : Ach Receptor in ganglia : nicotinic Neurotransmitter in organ : norepinephrine Receptor in organ : alpha1, alpha2, beta1, beta2 Sweat gland ( organ ) : Ach, muscuranic

    Characteristics of Parasympathetics
    Craniosacral outflow : CN 3,7,9,10; Spinal cord S2S4 Ganglia : near the organ Preganglionic fiber : long Postganglionic fiber : short Neurotransmitter in ganglia : Ach Receptor in ganglia : nicotinic Neurotransmitter in organ : Ach Receptor in organ : muscuranic

    Actions of Sympathetics
    Heart : Increase rate, Increase conduction , Increase contractility ; beta 1 Bronchioles : Dilates ; beta 2 GIT : relaxes smooth muscle walls ; alpha 2 Bladder : contracts sphincters ; alpha 1 Eye : dilates pupil ; alpha 1 REFER : Costanzo

    Actions of Parasympathetics
    Heart : Decrease rate, Decrease conduction, Decrease contractility ; muscuranic Bronchioles : constricts ; muscuranic GIT : contracts smooth muscle walls ; muscuranic Bladder : relaxes sphincters ; muscuranic Eye : constricts pupil ; musuranic Refer : Costanzo

    Mechanism of Action
    Alpha 1 : IP3, Increase intracellular Ca++ Alpha 2 : Inhibition of adenyl cyclase, decrease cAMP Beta 1 : Stimulation of adenyl cyclase, increase cAMP Beta 2 : Stimulation of adenyl cyclase, increase cAMP Nicotinic : Opening of Na+ and K+ channels depolarization Muscuranic : IP3, Increase intrcellular Ca++

    Agonists & Antagonists of Autonomic Receptors


    Alpha 1 : Agonist : Phenylephrine ; Antagonist : Phenoxybenzamine Alpha 2 : Agonist : Clonidine ; Antagonist : Yohimbine Beta 1 : Agonist : Isoproterenol ; Antagonist : Propranalol Beta 2 : Agonist : Isoproterenol ; Antagonist : Propranolol

    Nicotinic : Agonist : Carbachol ; Antagonist : Curare Muscuranic : Agonist : Carbachol ; Antagonist : Atropine Refer : Costanzo

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