1. What risk factors predispose a patients to cardiac arrest?

HTN, surgery, meds,trauma, electrolyte abnormalities, diabetes history of abnormal heart rhythm like ventricular fibrillation, ventricular tachycardia ,patients with pulmonary hypertension, patient with history of myocardial aneurysm. 2. What assessment findings establish a patient is in cardiopulmonary arrest? LOC, absence of pulse, gasping for air, blue around the lips. 3.Discuss the steps of BLS explain why each is necessary in the established order? Airway Breathing Circulation If you try to treat a lethal arrhythmia without ensuring that a patient is getting oxygen to their heart and brain you will kill them. 4.Describe these rhythms and explain what is happening to the heart and cardiac output 1. Ventricular tachycardia- fast heart rhythm, that originates in one of the ventricles of the heart. cardiac output is decreased 2. pulseless tachycardia- is associated with no effective cardiac output, hence, no effective pulse, and is a cause of cardiac arrest. 3. Ventricular fibrillation- is a condition in which there is uncoordinated contraction of the cardiac muscle of the ventricles in the heart. Cardiac output is decreased 5.What immediate steps must be taken if the patient has pulseless ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation? CPR, AED ,epinephrine,intubation 6.Describe the safety measures that need to be taken when a patient is defibrillated and explain why they are necessary. Make sure area is dry shout all clear,do not touch the patient/or bed.. 7.Identify common medication used to treat pulseless ventricular tachycardia and ventricular fibrillation, providing rational for the use of each. Anti arrhymtmics corrects rhythms,Epinephrine ,vasopressin. 8.discuss the interaction between the cardiovascular medication and defibrillation. Why are they often necessary and tandem? To Jump start the heart and keep the heart going. 9.Why is it necessary to check the patient s pulse even if the heart shows sinus rhythm? TO allow the heart to recover pulse check after shock until 2 minutes of CPR.