Tropica Plant Guide

PlANT guIDE
A growing success...
Publisher:
Tropica Aquarium Plants Mejlbyvej 200 DK-8250 Egaa Denmark Tel. +45 86220566 Fax +45 86228466 E-mail: tropica@tropica.dk www.tropica.com
layout and text:

envision Christiansgade 30 DK-8100 Aarhus C Denmark
Photos delivered by:

Jan Ole Pedersen Claus Christensen Ole Pedersen Christel Kasselmann Oliver Knott Eu It Hai Olaf Deters Martin Rask Thomsen george Farmer
Water colour illustrations:

Verner Hancke Kirsten Hjrne Kirsten Tind
Printing:
Scanprint A/S All rights reserved
Illustration: Staurogyne repens
Habitat for Staurogyne repens
Discovering new plants for the aquarium

it is tropicas aim to continuously contribute new planting opportunities for the aquarium hobby. thats how it has been since 1970 and how it will continue into the future. one of our latest successes has been the introduction of Staurogyne repens that was found in the rio amazonas, Brazil (little picture). Staurogyne can be attached to stones and roots or it can form a dense carpet in the foreground of the aquarium. it can also form a compact cushion growth, as shown in the picture. the use of watercolours in the diagrams helps to reproduce an accurate representation of how the plant appears in the aquarium in terms of colour and texture. this plant guide contains an extensive list of interesting plants that will provide you with both inspiration and advice for how to get the best experiences possible for this wonderful hobby. read and enjoy!
welcome to tropica
with this guide we would like to give you the best possible opportunities for getting the most from your aquariums. we know that the inspiration and desire to take up this great hobby often starts from a beautiful aquarium that you have witnessed; perhaps at a friends home, in a magazine, website, or at an aquatic retailer. unfortunately, we also know that many new aquarium owners will give up this hobby; sometimes after only six to twelve months. so, why is this? even if you are an experienced hobbyist it can be difficult to select and purchase the appropriate equipment required for your aquarium. in many aquatic retailers you will often find an overwhelming choice of aquariums, fish, plants, lighting options, substrates/gravel, liquid fertilizers, co2 units and filters. this guide will help you to identify your specific needs, but it is also important to consult with a retailer that has appropriate experience in planted aquariums. through this publication we will assist you in ensuring a successful start. we highlight the fundamental conditions that you must be aware of whether you are a beginner or an experienced aquarist. You will find this guide focusing mainly on aquarium plants. these plants have been produced by dedicated and experienced professionals who every day ensure you receive the best possible quality products and advice. please visit our website, www.tropica.com where you can gain further inspiration and information. we wish you a very successful start and long-term success with your hobby! Yours faithfully, lars green managing Director
content
let the Dream Become realitY examples of layouts introDuction to tropicas proDuct range pots and Xls aquaDecor plants grown on wood and lavastone mosses plenty of opportunities floating plants another perspective Bunched plants easy and fast planting Bulbs the joy of expectations plants from a-Z tropicas aBc Before you start tips and tricks for planting and growing algae growth can be limited by simple methods tropica aquacare inDeX page 6 page 7 page 12 page 13 page 14 page 16 page 17 page 18 page 19 page 20 page 87 page 88 page 90 page 94 page 96 page 98
Illustration: Azolla caroliniana
let the Dream Become realitY

through inspiration and advice tropica will help you to get started on the right path. on the following five pages you will find five different layouts: the classic layout, the starter layout, the childrens aquarium, the nano aquarium and finally an example of a high-impact and colourful layout. each layout is detailed and you will see the list of the plants in the aquarium and a layout plan (the number of pots used are indicated in parentheses). visit www.tropica.com for more photos, layouts and information. relevant information concerning difficulty and technical equipment will also be discussed. this information is also available on our website. the above issues are meant as a guideline to help you get the best possible start with your aquarium, but it is also to help you maintain your interest in this hobby!
Photo: Oliver Knott
The ClassiC layouT

an example of an aquarium that will fit in several settings: The living room, the kitchen or in your office. This layout is classic because of its island composition. The foreground is a thriving carpet of Lilaeopsis and the colorful Rosanervig is the focal point of the aquarium. By planting Anubias and Cryptocoryne in the middle of the aquarium will create a contrast of dark green to the bright green carpet and the colorful Rosanervig. Java moss attached to wood will create both depth and maturity. The composition of plants provides a fine balance between fast growing plants (they take up nutrient and reduce algae growth) and slow growing plants that require less maintaining. Tip! Rosanervig is an undemanding plant. Nesaea crassicaulis or Rotala rotundifolia are suitable alternatives as easy and coloured plants.
DifficultY some eXperience
volume 128 l
Dimensions 80 x 40 x 40 cm
light 2 x 24 w (t5)
co2 20 mg/l
time/week 1 hour
Plant List a G B G a a B C D e h e G G e e h F h C D e F G h Ceratopteris thalictroides (x 2) Hygrophila polysperma rosanervig (x 1) Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705 (x 1) Anubias barteri coffeefolia (x 1) Anubias barteri var. nana (x 4) Cryptocoryne becketti petchii (x 1) Lilaeopsis brasiliensis (x 5) Taxiphyllum barbieri (vesicularia) (x 1)
Result 55 days after set-up a a
h D h c
The sTaRTeR layouT

in most pet shops its easy to find a starter aquarium kit. it is a complete set containing aquarium, light, heater and filter. Most beginners would like a thriving aquarium with bold colours and a large number of fish. however, experience shows that a starter kit often provides low lighting levels so there are only few plants suitable to this type of aquarium. We have for this set-up chosen standard plants only! Microsorum and Cryptocoryne are both slow growing and Echinodorus and Vallisneria to create volume in the aquarium. Limnophila is centrally planted, right under the light and is an example of a plant that grows fast and which helps creating a good balance in the aquarium. Tip! By using aquaDecor products with plants like Microsorum and Anubias for the set-up, the aquarium will look more adapted from the start. These products require less light and they are already well established on root or lavastone.
DifficultY easY
volume 54 l
light 15 w (t8)
co2 ingen
time/week 0.5 hour
Plant List a B C D Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) (x 1) Limnophila sessiliflora (x 1) Vallisneria americana (natans) (x 1) Cryptocoryne wendtii tropica (x 1) Microsorum pteropus windelv (x 1) Cryptocoryne parva (x 1)
e F F
Result 48 days after set-up
B e D
The ChilDRens aquaRiuM

some of the main considerations when planting the childrens aquarium are colours, impact and action. We have chosen a dinosaur/ animal layout for this set-up, but you can find a large selection of ornaments at your local shop such as pirates, castles, treasure chests, sunken ships etc. in order to ensure the correct balance in the childrens aquarium you will definitely need plants! The number of plants must be adjusted to the number of fish. it should be plants that easily adapt to the environment and that help the water to stay clean and algae free. Below we have listed a selection of both fast and slow growing species that are all good starter plants. Tip! Buy livebearing fish for the childrens aquarium such as guppies and platies. They are hardy, brightly coloured and breed frequently. They also eat algae. ask your local dealer for further information.
DifficultY easY
volume 112 l
light 2 x 18 w (t8)
co2 none
time/week 0.5 hour
Plant list C a B a B C D e F e F Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) (x 1) Ludwigia repens rubin (x 1) Microsorum pteropus (x 1) Microsorum pteropus windelv (x 1) Anubias barteri var. nana (x 4) Taxiphyllum barbieri (vesicularia) (x 2)
f f B e
The nano aquaRiuM

over the last few years nano aquariums have become very popular. Partly because they fit well into the modern familys way of living and also because the use of different mosses and shrimps are a growing trend. This layout is more advanced and requires both good light and Co2. Three different foreground plants have been used for this layout. all with different leaf shapes. Hemianthus with its millimeter-sized small leaves that capture tiny oxygen bubbles, Staurogyne with slightly bigger leaves and a creeping growth, and finally Pogostemon that creates dense, curly leaves. Behind the stony soil a Heteranthera contribute with plumpness and vigor. Many plants are suitable for the nano aquariums and especially mosses are popular! Most plant types are suitable but frequently cutting is a must if using taller and fast growing plants. Tip! small algae-eating fish and shrimps, frequent water change and regular care are important elements to maintain an optimal water quality in your nano aquarium. DifficultY eXperienceD volume 12 l Dimensions 30 x 20 x 20 cm light 24 w (t5) co2 25 mg/l time/week 1 hour
Plant List a a C B C D Staurogyne repens (x 2) Pogostemon helferi (x 2) Hemianthus callitrichoides cuba (x 4) Heteranthera zosterifolia (x 1)
B B B B C
a c
10
The shoW aquaRiuM

The aquarium for plant lovers! This aquarium contains a large number of plants, its colourful, contains new plants and has an impressing layout with rocks and spider-like roots. We show with this layout how transitions can be made entirely from low foreground plants to rock formations and how to create a wedge between the rocks by using medium high plants. We use Vallisneria as an easy carpet in the background. space is created for the Echinodorus ozelot that may be the most beautiful, coloured Echinodorus in the aquarium. Christmas moss has been attached to the roots and helps to creating depth and a sense of maturity in the aquarium. Tip! Carpets of foreground plants help to maintain a good balance in the aquarium and need to be maintained regularly. There are many suitable species; Eleocharis, Lilaeopsis, Echinodorus tenellus the list is long!
DifficultY eXperienceD
volume 297 l
light 4 x 54 w (t5)
co2 25 mg/l
time/week 1-2 hours
Plant List a B Vallisneria nana (x 8) Echinodorus ozelot (x 1) Lindernia rotundifolia (x 2) Cryptocoryne wendtii brown (x 2) Staurogyne repens (x 3) Pogostemon erectus (x 3) Hemianthus callitrichoides cuba (x 1) Eleocharis parvula (x 10) Vesicularia dubyana christmas (x 1)
C D
D e h
h h
F G
e F G h i
Result 55 days after set-up B a
f e h
11
inTRoDuCTion To TRoPiCas PRoDuCT RanGe

on the following eight pages we will introduce to you our range of high quality products. These different groups will help you to understand the extensive possibilities you will have when selecting these plants, whilst also providing a source of inspiration. The product groups are being divided into pots, Xl-plants, aquaDecor products, mosses, floating plants, bunches and bulbs. The alphabetical index on page 98 list all plant varieties, all marked with rate of difficulty, and an index on page 99 has divided all plants into product groups.
Hygrophila polysperma Rosanervig Dense and bushy stem plant White and pink marbled leaves Adapts to most environments
Glossostigma elatinoides Attractive and challenging foreground plant Compact and vigorous growth Require intensive light
12
Nesaea pedicellata Colourful and easy stem plant Addition of CO2 to achieve intense colour Suitable for middleground
Limnophila sessiliflora Attractive and fast growing stem plant Develop a dense and bushy growth Good starter plant
PoTs
Tropica have a great selection of pots. The demands of the plants vary from easy to difficult, and this also can affect the price. We ensure good quality by ensuring a great deal of plant material is in each pot. every potted plant can de divided into several smaller portions for planting. Furthermore, we can guarantee healthy and well-developed roots in all plants. XL when its the size you require some of our pots are also available as Xl-plants if you ever need fully grown plants for your aquarium. Xl-plants are more sturdy and are suitable for Cichlid aquariums. XL and pot
13
aquaDeCoR PlanTs GRoWn on WooD anD lavasTone

aquaDecor products are a range of plants taking root on bogwood or lavastone. Plants that grow directly on wood and stone will be far more hardy than plants growing in pots. The aquaDecor products gives you a variety of applications. you can create an aquarium that looks mature from the very start. For aquariums with fishes that are hard on plants both Microsorum and Anubias (hardy plants) are recommendable.
AquaDecor for creating life-like landscapes: Products that create depth in the aquarium An easy and fast way to achieve the result Hardy plants that adapt easily
AquaDecor with Anubias and Microsorum for Cichlids: Cichlids rake up the bottom of the aquarium Cichlids eat off the plants Hardy plants that adapt easily
14
AquaDecor is available with suction caps Create hiding places for the fish Create depth in the aquarium Can hang both on the side and on the back of the wall in the aquarium
AquaDecor Sizes Roots approx. length: nano ( 7-10 cm) small (12-25 cm) large (30-40 cm) Lavastone approx. sizes: small ( 7-15 cm) large (20-30 cm)
Microsorum pteropus Windelv photo: Jan Ole Pedersen
15
Mosses PlenTy oF oPPoRTuniTies!

Moss is available in a large number of varieties, and has become more popular over the last few years. The moss is normally sold as portions and it has many various possibilities for planting. a common aspect for mosses is that they should be attached to wood or stone. Tip! To avoid or minimize algae growth you should have a large number of algae-eating shrimps, fishes and snails in the aquarium. it is also recommended to put some floating plants when you start up the aquarium. Floating plants will take up the nutrient until the aquarium obtains a good balance and the mosses are growing willingly.
Attaching mosses to driftwood with sewing thread: Can be attached to all kind of decoration materials Must be pruned frequently to maintain shape See index p. 99 and Plants A-Z for species
16
Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) photo: George Farmer
Ceratopteris thalictroides A potted plant that is suitable also as a floating plant Develop very decorative roots Fast growing and take nutrient
Limnobium laevigatum Most decorative floating plants Creates shadow and hidings for surface fish See index p. 99 and Plants from A-Z for more floating plants
FloaTinG PlanTs anoTheR PeRsPeCTive!

Floating plants are normally sold as portions, in the same way as Tropicas mosses. They are fast growing, rapidly take up nutrients and help to create shade. These plants are therefore ideal to help reduce algae growth during the start-up of the aquarium. Their decorative roots make a good hiding place for breeding fish and their fry.
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BunCheD PlanTs easy anD FasT PlanTinG!

Bunched plants are mainly stem plants without roots. The most common bunched plants like Egeria, Cabomba and Vallisneria are all easy plants that quickly develop roots in their bottom layer. Most bunched plants are fast growing and are therefore suitable for the start up of your aquarium. They also take up nutrition rapidly and minimise algae growth. Tip! Make sure not to plant stems too close knowing that the types are fast growing. Re-plant runners and new stems as well as top shoots.
Egeria densa Popular bunched plant Fast growing Undemanding
Vallisneria natans Easy and steady starter plant Suitable for planting in the corners behind in the aquarium
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Nymphea lotus (zenkeri) Beautiful and popular bulb plant Numerous green and red colours Good light increases colour intensity
Aponogeton bulbs Bulbs have many forms Leaves can be curled, wavy or thick The plants are vigorous and decorative
BulBs The Joy oF eXPeCTaTions!

Plants like Aponogeton and Nymphea when under water produce new shoot from the bulb. When planting the bulb in the bottom of the aquarium make sure that the shoots wont be covered as they will then rot. Bulb plants are recommended as solitary plants as they are fast growing and takes up a lot of space in the aquarium. Tip! When you buy bulbs make sure that they have a healthy shoot. When planting it into the bottom of the aquarium only the bulb itself must be covered in the gravel. The shoot must be on the surface of the gravel.
Nymphea lotus (zenkeri) photo: Claus Christensen
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plants from a-Z

to help you get started with the understanding of the plant species and varieties, we will explain how to read the plant diagrams. Below you will see an example of a plant diagram with all relevant information and numbers referring to the list below. further information is available on www.tropica.com
nesaea crassicaulis
1
price group: pot 5
033B
familY: lythraceae africa 30 - 50 cm 8 - 15+ cm 22 - 28c 1 - 13 dh 5.5 - 8.5 a
2 4 5 7 8 9 10 11 12
origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
light: growth rate: DemanDs:
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
13 14 15 16
Nesaea crassicaulis is a beautiful and highly recommended aquarium plant, although it has high demands for light. it has red-brown, cognac-coloured leaves. grows best in soft and slightly acidic water. make sure the lower leaves get sufficient light, otherwise they will die off. this plant is similar to Ammannia species and is often mistaken for them. But in the aquarium it can be recognised by its yellow-green stems. easy to propagate by side shoots or cuttings, which can be cut off and planted in the bottom.
1 the plants latin name 2 tropicas order number 3 hand painted water colour illustration 4 varieties and price groups (see the section for product range) 5 name of the plant family
6 picture of sales pot 7 area of origin where the plant is most widespread 8 plant height/width average size after 2 months in the aquarium 9 temperature range tolerated by the plant 10 gh (water hardness) medium hardness is gh 5-10 dh 11 ph tolerance neutral ph is 6.5-7.5
www.tropica.com
(!7AD24J-addcai!
crassicaulis
12 the letter refers to the tips & tricks diagram on page 90 for plantation and maintenance 13 light conditions medium requirement referred to as 0.5 watt/l 14 growth rate 15 plants demands. each plant is marked with a colour spot that indicates the growing conditions required: green = easy, Yellow = medium, red = difficult
8-15+cm l B

Slow Easy Fast Difficult
Nesaea

Africa 22-28C pH: 5.5-8.5 GH: 1-14dH
30-50 cm
033B POT
16 how the plant looks after it has adapted to the conditions of the aquarium.
CTRP02 5_B.pd x105m f m
www.tropica.com
20
220032 79C
CTRP02 5_F.pdf x105m m
alternanthera reineckii 'pink' (roseafolia)

price group: pot 5, BDt 3, Xl 9 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
023
amaranthaceae south america 25 - 50 cm 10 - 15 cm 17 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
the purple colour underneath Alternanthera reineckii pink leaves provides an effective contrast to the many green plants in an aquarium - particularly when planted in groups. good light encourages the leaves to turn red. easy to propagate by nipping off the terminal bud and planting it in the bottom. this also makes the mother plant more bushy, because more side shoots are formed.
alternanthera reineckii 'purple' (lilacina)

price group: pot 5 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
023B
amaranthaceae south america 15 - 40 cm 10 - 15 cm 17 - 28c 4 - 13 dh 5-7 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Alternanthera reineckii purple needs plenty of light to grow and form dark-red leaves. in open aquariums it grows willingly up through the surface, and like other difficult plants growth improves considerably if co2 is added. shortage of micronutrients results in pale leaves. like other stem plants Alternanthera reineckii purple is best in groups.
21
anubias barteri var. angustifolia

101c
araceae west africa 10 - 15+ cm 10 - 15+ cm 20 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Anubias barteri var. angustifolia is a beautiful plant with long, narrow leaves. Anubias barteri var. angustifolia used to be sold as Anubias afzelii, but the latter is actually a much larger species. it is grown in the same conditions as Anubias barteri var. nana. it is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
anubias barteri var. barteri

101a
araceae west africa 25 - 45 cm 10 - 15+ cm 20 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 5.5 - 8 D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Anubias barteri var. barteri is an undemanding plant. it grows somewhat larger than Anubias barteri var. nana but is grown in the same conditions. Anubias barteri varies considerably in terms of size and leaf shape. like other Anubias-species, it is best planted in a shady spot to restrict algae growth on the leaves. it is also suitable for terrariums and aquaterrariums. herbivorous fish do not eat the very tough and robust leaves.
22
anubias barteri var. caladiifolia ''1705''

price group: pot 8, Xl 12 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
101u
araceae cultivar 7 - 30+ cm 10 - 15+ cm 20 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705 is also simply called 1705 (the number used by an australian tissue propagation laboratory). it is a very beautiful variety with heartshaped leaves. the leaves live for several years, so Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia can easily form large groups despite its slow growth. a group of Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia growing more than 50 cm wide in a few years is not unusual.
anubias barteri ''coffeefolia''

101g
araceae cultivar 15 - 25 cm 10 - 15+ cm 20 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 5.5 - 8 D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Anubias barteri coffeefolia is a very beautiful, low variety of Anubias barteri. it is characteristic that the leaves arch considerably between the leaf ribs, and the new leaves are red-brown. the colour combination and leaf shape make it an attractive variety in both large and small aquariums. it flowers frequently under water but does not produce seeds there. Anubias-species seem to grow so slowly that they do not realise that they have been submerged. it is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
anubias barteri var. caladiifolia ''1705'' 101u 23
anubias barteri var. nana

price group: pot 8, aquaDecor familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe: araceae
101
cameroun 5 - 15 cm 8 - 12+ cm 20 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 5.5 - 8 D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Anubias barteri var. nana is a small, attractive plant which thrives in all conditions. it grows slowly, and the leaves survive for several years, giving slow-growing algae the chance to become established. the best result is achieved by planting on a stone or tree root. fishing line can be used to attach the plant until it gains a hold. if planted on the bottom the rhizome must not be covered because it tends to rot. it flowers frequently under water. it is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
aponogeton boivinianus
price group: pot 9, kn 7 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
088
aponogetonaceae madagascar 30 - 60+ cm 20 - 30+ cm 16 - 30c 9 - 20 dh 6-8 c
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Aponogeton boivinianus is a large, strong plant which is only suitable for large aquariums. in favourable conditions it can form very large leaves (up to 80 cm long and 8 cm wide). the oldest leaves are deep dark-green, while younger leaves are light-green and sometimes brownish until they are fully developed. in the wild Aponogeton boivinianus is found in fast-flowing water, and it prefers some flow in the aquarium water. it needs a dormant period when the root does not produce leaves.
anubias barteri var. nana 101
24
DiD you know Tropica was the first to introduce the Anubias barteri var. nana back in 1973-74 to the world market. Anubias barteri var. nana originates from Cameroon in africa, and was brought to Denmark by the 2. Galathea-expedition (1950-52). in 1969 Tropicas founder, holger Windelv, found it in an aquarium shop in Copenhagen. The price was back then settled per leaf! With the assistance from an english company they managed to propagate the plant and to launch the plant in larger quantities.
The Galathea-expedition discovered the Anubias barteri var. nana by the foot of Mount Cameroon.
A section from a map of Africa
25
aponogeton crispus
083
aponogetonaceae sri lanka 25 - 50 cm 15 - 30 cm 15 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 c
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Aponogeton crispus looks good in any aquarium with its light-green, transparent leaves. it makes few demands, although growth is always best in soft, slightly acidic water with a nutritious bottom. in such conditions the plant produces a mass of leaves, and it flowers very frequently in optimum conditions. Aponogeton crispus is generally found in ponds that are only filled with water in the rainy season, but it does not need a dormant period in the aquarium.
aponogeton longiplumulosus
089D
aponogetonaceae madagascar 35 - 60 cm 25 - 50 cm 18 - 30c 1 - 13 dh 5.5 - 8 c
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Aponogeton longiplumulosus has large, fluted leaves, making it a wonderful plant which can be recommended for large aquariums. it is relatively undemanding, and makes no special demands on water quality. it also flowers frequently, making it a beautiful addition to any large open aquarium. it stops growing at regular intervals, but normally starts again after a few weeks of dormancy.
aponogeton crispus
083
26
aponogeton madagascariensis
089
aponogetonaceae madagascar 25 - 50+ cm 25 - 30+ cm 15 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5 - 7.5 c
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Aponogeton madagascariensis is a speciality in botanical gardens all over the world. Aponogeton madagascariensis makes such high demands on water quality and the bottom that it can only be recommended as a solitary plant in large, specialised aquariums in which the water is replaced frequently. there are several varieties, with different structures and leaf widths.
aponogeton ulvaceus
086
aponogetonaceae madagascar 30 - 50+ cm 30 - 35 cm 20 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 c
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Aponogeton ulvaceus is one of the most beautiful species in the Aponogeton-family. the leaves are delicate light-green and transparent with fluted margin. a single root can produce more than 40 leaves. this means that the plant is best as a solitary plant in large aquariums. it is relatively tolerant, and thrives in both soft and hard water, particularly if co2 is added. there are many varieties of Aponogeton ulvaceus, some of which need a dormant period when the root does not produce leaves.
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azolla caroliniana
price group: por 6 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
013
azollaceae north america 1 - 2 cm 5 - 10+ cm 5 - 26c 1 - 20 dh 6-8 J
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Azolla caroliniana is a small floating fern housing blue-green algae in its leaves. these algae are capable of absorbing nitrogen from the air, which can then be used by the plant. Azolla caroliniana is used as nitrogen fertiliser in rice paddies, and as animal feed. there are several related varieties on the market, with similar appearance. a decorative plant for open aquariums.
Bacopa australis
043a
scrophulariaceae Brazil 7 - 30 cm 2 - 4+ cm 15 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 6-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Bacopa australis was discovered in southern Brazil (australis = southern), and it does not come from australia, as might otherwise be assumed from its name. like the other Bacopa-species, Bacopa australis is also easy to grow in an aquarium. under certain conditions it creeps across the bottom to form an elegantly decorative light green cushion. when Bacopa australis grows in a good light, the leaves become reddish. it is easily propagated by taking side shoots and planting them in the substrate.
28
Bacopa caroliniana
price group: pot 5, Xl 9, BDt 3 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
043
scrophulariaceae usa 10 - 30+ cm 3 - 10+ cm 15 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Bacopa caroliniana has been used as an aquarium plant for many years. apart from relatively good light it makes few demands. its slow growth rate makes it one of the few stem plants that do not need much attention. like most stem plants, it is most decorative when planted in small groups. easy to propagate by cuttings; take a side shoot and plant it in the bottom.
Bacopa monnieri
044
scrophulariaceae pan tropic 25 - 50 cm 8 - 15+ cm 15 - 30c 4 - 30 dh 6-9 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Bacopa monnieri is an easy and highly recommended plant which thrives in almost all conditions. it is a plant which is suitable for the hard water found in many european aquariums. propagate by cuttings; take a side shoot or terminal bud and plant it in the bottom. most beautiful when a great number of shoots are planted in a group.
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Bolbitis heudelotii
price group: pot 8, Xl 11, aquaDecor familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
006
lomariopsidaceae west africa 15 - 40 cm 15 - 25+ cm 20 - 28c 1 - 13 dh 5-7 D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
a water fern with very beautiful transparent green leaves. when planting do not cover the rhizome because it will rot, and it is best to plant Bolbitis heudelotii on a root or stone. keep the plant in position with fishing line until it has gained a hold. easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. growth can be increased considerably by supplying co2, and is only optimal in soft, slightly acidic water.
cabomba caroliniana
price group: BDt 3 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
015
cabombaceae south america 30 - 80+ cm 5 - 8+ cm 18 - 26c 4 - 20 dh 4-7 B
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
a very popular aquarium plant owing to its beautiful foliage. the least demanding of the Cabomba-species, but still causes problems in poorly lit aquariums. if there is not sufficient light, try Limnophila sessiliflora, which requires less light. most decorative when planted in groups. eaten locally as a vegetable.
30
cardamine lyrata
024
Brassicaceae Japan 20 - 50 cm 15 - 30 cm 15 - 24c 4 - 20 dh 6-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Cardamine lyrata is actually a marsh plant. But it is also a familiar aquarium plant which thrives under water. a characteristic trailing growth form makes it highly decorative, and water roots often form on the plant itself. plant in groups, and make sure the water temperature does not exceed 28 degrees for long (this makes the leaves much smaller and the plant more leggy). also suitable in garden ponds in the summer.
ceratophyllum demersum 'foxtail'

021a
ceratophyllaceae cosmopolitan 5 - 80+ cm 5 - 15+ cm 10 - 28c 4 - 30 dh 6-9 J
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Ceratophyllum demersum foxtail was found in a smaller tributary in Bolivia during an expedition to rio guapore, a boundary river between Brazil and Bolivia. Ceratophyllum has no roots as such, but it can still be planted in the bottom of an aquarium. foxtail differs because its leaves are closer together and it has lateral shoots, which gives it an attractive, compact appearance. the plant also distinguishes itself because it is hardier and its stalks do not break as easily as those of other Ceratophyllum-varieties.
31
ceratopteris thalictroides
005a
pteridaceae pan tropic 15 - 30 cm 10 - 20 cm 20 - 28c 1 - 30 dh 5-9 m
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
this plant normally grows fast, but the addition of co2 may be necessary to promote growth. in small open aquariums it can grow out of the aquarium and form beautiful surface leaves. the finely branched leaves are very decorative and provide good contrast to other leaf shapes. in good light Ceratopteris thalictroides grows fast and helps prevent algae by consuming large amounts of nutrients. this makes it a good starter plant in small aquariums.
cladophora aegagrophila
price group: stk 5 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
000c
cladophoraceae cosmopolitan 3 - 10 cm 3 - 10 cm 5 - 28c 9 - 30 dh 6 - 8.5 m
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Cladophora aegagrophila is not really a plant, but a ball of algae, so it is a decorative exception from the rule about avoiding algae at all costs. it is normally found in shallow lakes, where the movement of the waves forms it into a sphere. in an aquarium it must be turned regularly to keep it in shape. Cladophora aegagrophila can be divided into smaller pieces, which become spherical with time, or which form a carpet, if attached to roots and stones. protected in parts of Japan.
32
DiD you know it is Tropicas aim to produce plants of the best possible quality but also with the lowest possible use of resources! in 2007 Tropica built entirely new and state-of-the-art production facilities that made it possible to optimise the consumption of energy, reduce the use of water, fertilizer and chemicals. Tropica has the MPs certificate in international standard that proves that we are dedicated to reducing resource consumption continuously. as an example all rainwater is being gathered from the roof of the nursery. The surface covers 11,000 m2 and conducts the water into a 1,400 m3 tank that supplies the nursery with water. all rainwater is being recycled.
Watertank (1,400 m3)
Tropicas roof surface is 11,000 m2
Watering of a production platform with Samolus valerandi
33
crinum calamistratum
094a
amaryllidaceae west africa 40 - 120 cm 20 - 30 cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 l
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Crinum calamistratum is a very graceful bulbous plant with dark-green, very narrow leaves. it forms smaller bulbs than the other Crinum-species, and demands more light. in the aquarium plants that are thriving form a number of small bulbs. it is not eaten by herbivorous fish. it can also be used in brackish aquariums with low salt concentrations.
crinum natans
094
amaryllidaceae west africa 50 - 150 cm 20 - 30 cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 l
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Crinum natans is a very beautiful and graceful bulbous plant with dark-green leaves. plant so the top 2/3 of the bulb is visible. when the plant grows older (if it is thriving) it sometimes forms small bulbs and sends a flower stem up to the water surface with a beautiful and aromatic lily flower. the plant varies considerably in leaf width and the shape of the leaf margin. it is also suitable for indoor ponds, and is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
34
crinum thaianum
093
amaryllidaceae thailand 60 - 200+ cm 20 - 25 cm 18 - 28c 1 - 30 dh 5.5 - 8 l
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Crinum thaianum is a distinctive bulbous plant belonging to the lily family. it is undemanding apart from the fact that it needs plenty of space. plant so the top 2/3 of the bulb is visible, because otherwise the bulb tends to rot. when the plant grows older it sometimes sends a flower stem up to the water surface with an aromatic, elegant lily flower. herbivorous fish leave it alone due to its tough leaves. in thailand the bulb is used in a cream used to soften the skin. it is also suitable for indoor ponds.
cryptocoryne beckettii ''petchii''

108a
araceae sri lanka 10 - 15 cm 8 - 15 cm 20 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 f
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Cryptocoryne beckettii petchii is a small variety of Cryptocoryne beckettii, which has beautiful, slightly fluted leaf margins. like many other cryptocorynes, the leaf colour and shape depends largely on environmental conditions in the aquarium. see other cryptocorynes for further information.
35
cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae

price group: pot 8 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe: araceae thailand
125
20 - 60+ cm 15 - 20+ cm 20 - 28c 4 - 30 dh 5-9 f
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae is the oldest known variety of Cryptocoryne crispatula. in the region it comes from in southern thailand there are limestone mountains, and the water can be very hard. like many other Cryptocorynes it needs to acclimatise before growth starts in earnest. in recent years a narrow-leaf variety called Cryptocoryne crispatula var. flaccidifolia has often been sold.
cryptocoryne parva
price group: pot 8 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe: araceae
106
sri lanka 5 - 10 cm 5 - 7 cm 20 - 29c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 f
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Cryptocoryne parva is the smallest of all cryptocorynes. it is one of the few species that does not significantly change its leaf shape and colour depending on cultivation conditions. it needs more light than most other cryptocorynes because it almost loses its leaf blade under water. so it must never be overshadowed by other plants. individual plants should be planted a few centimetres apart, and after about six months they will form a cohesive low group of plants. recommended for foreground planting.
36
cryptocoryne undulata ''broad leaves''

110a
araceae sri lanka 15 - 25+ cm 10 - 20 cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 f
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
unlike the common Cryptocoryne undulata, this plant has wider leaves and a beautiful, flecked leaf pattern. it also grows larger. it is known botanically as a triploid variety. see other cryptocorynes for further information.
cryptocoryne wendtii ''brown''

109c
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Cryptocoryne wendtii brown is a beautiful brown variety of Cryptocoryne wendtii. it is a mistake to believe that cryptocorynes require soft water. in large parts of sri lanka the water is hard, so sri lanka cryptocorynes are almost all suitable for hard european water. if the plant is affected by the so-called cryptocoryne disease, do not remove it from the aquarium because a few weeks later it will produce new shoots. see other cryptocorynes for further information.
37
cryptocoryne wendtii ''green''

109
sri lanka 5 - 10+ cm 8 - 10 cm 20 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 5.5 - 8 f
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Cryptocoryne wendtii green is suitable for small aquariums. when grown in an open space the leaves will virtually lie on the bottom. like most other sri lanka cryptocorynes, it also grows well in hard water. like many other plants, it can be affected by cryptocoryne disease. one way to prevent this is by only leaving the 4-5 newest leaves on the plant when planting. it is a good foreground plant, even in small aquariums. see other cryptocorynes for further information.
cryptocoryne wendtii 'mi oya'

109D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
this beautiful variety of Cryptocoryne wendtii is only found in the river mi oya. it has characteristic red-brown, slightly hammered leaves. many cryptocorynes can grow at high temperatures. in the wild this plant is found in streams with a temperature of more than 30 degrees c. at even higher temperatures the light intensity must be higher or the days longer. see other cryptocorynes for further information.
cryptocoryne wendtii ''green'' 109
38
cryptocoryne wendtii 'tropica'

109e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
this beautiful variety with the dark, hammered leaves is named after tropica. when grown in an open space the leaves will virtually lie on the bottom. it is suitable for small aquariums. like most other sri lanka cryptocorynes, it also grows well in hard water. see other cryptocorynes for further information.
cryptocoryne x willisii
107
sri lanka 7 - 20+ cm 7 - 15 cm 20 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 f
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
there is some confusion about the name of this plant. it used (mistakenly) to be called Cryptocoryne nevillii, but this is the name of a species that has never been used in aquariums. like many other cryptocorynes, not much happens the first month after planting. But then it starts to grow, and willingly produces plenty of runners which form a compact group. see other cryptocorynes for further information.
39
cyperus helferi
133a
cyperaceae thailand 20 - 35 cm 15 - 25 cm 20 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5 - 7.5 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Cyperus-species are widespread all over the tropics, but only a few of them are good underwater plants. Cyperus helferi is the first Cyperus-species used in aquariums. it requires a relatively large amount of light, and co2 addition is recommended to promote growth. in aquariums with good water flow the plant sways beautifully in the current.
Didiplis diandra
031
lythraceae north america 10 - 15+ cm 2 - 4+ cm 20 - 26c 1 - 13 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Didiplis diandra is a fine foreground plant which should be planted in small groups. in good light it develops red shoot tips which form a beautiful contrast with other green plants. a demanding plant which needs a lot of light and prefers soft water. co2 addition boosts growth considerably. also known as Peplis diandra.
40
echinodorus 'aquartica'
074f
alismataceae cultivar 10 - 20+ cm 10 - 20+ cm 18 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 6.5 - 8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
characteristic of Echinodorus aquartica are its round, bright green leaves. its compact, low habit makes it suitable as a decorative solitary plant. slow growing and easy to care for, Echinodorus aquartica retains the refreshing green colour of its leaves in normal lighting and nutrient conditions in the aquarium. the plant is a cross between several different cultivated plants, including Echinodorus horemanii and several roundleafed Echinodorus species. Echinodorus aquartica was developed by kristian iversen from the aquartica company.
echinodorus x barthii
072a
alismataceae cultivar 25 - 50 cm 20 - 30 cm 16 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 6-8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Echinodorus x barthii is a decorative and beautiful solitary plant for large aquariums. the leaves change colour from dark-red in the youngest leaves to dark-green in the oldest. the colour develops well when the light intensity is high and there are sufficient micro-nutrients in the aquarium. a nutritious bottom and co2 addition promote growth. this plant takes a lot of light from plants underneath, so it must be pruned occasionally. it used to be sold as Double red.
41
echinodorus bleheri (bleherae)

071
alismataceae south america 20 - 50 cm 25 - 40 cm 20 - 30c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Echinodorus bleheri is undemanding and beautiful. a nutritious bottom promotes growth, but the plant needs pruning to prevent it depriving plants underneath of light. Echinodorus bleheri does well even in poorly illuminated aquariums, as it grows towards the light. it is a hardy and easy solitary plant for both beginners and the more experienced with quite large aquariums. it has been sold under the name paniculatus.
echinodorus cordifolius ssp. fluitans

073D
alismataceae mexico 20 - 40 cm 15 - 30 cm 20 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 5-8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
a comparatively fast-growing Echinodorus, suitable for large aquariums. unlike other round-leafed varieties of the species, Echinodorus cordifolius ssp. fluitans is less likely to grow up over the water surface. if it grows large enough, it forms large leaves just under the surface instead.
42
DiD you know Tropica was the first aquarium plant producer in the world to use stone wool as a growing media. The use of stone wool made it possible to grow plants in pots. in the early 1970s all aquarium plants were sold as either bunched plants or as loose plants. By using the stone wool a new era opened for the production of aquarium plants. all over the world other producers of aquarium plants quickly adapted this way of producing plants as it is most suitable for export. Furthermore, it is the best way of protecting the plants roots from producer to end user.
Use of stone wool for the potting of the plants
Potting of Pogostemon helferi
Bacopa caroliniana with well developed roots
43
echinodorus macrophyllus
073
alismataceae south america 30 - 50+ cm 20 - 30+ cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5-8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Echinodorus macrophyllus is one of the large, orbiculate sword plants which grow up out of even large aquariums in good growing conditions. if light is available less than 11 hours a day it is easier to keep down inside the aquarium. it is suitable for open aquariums, where it forms decorative heart-shaped leaves above the water surface. it is a good idea to spray the plant to prevent it drying out. it used to be sold as Echinodorus radicans.
echinodorus osiris
072
alismataceae Brazil 25 - 50 cm 20 - 30 cm 15 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
in the 1970s coloured aquarium plants were rare, which is why Echinodorus osiris with its red colour quickly became popular. a nutritious bottom promotes growth, and when there is a shortage of micro-nutrients new leaves turn pale, thus indicating that fertiliser may be necessary. it is generally an undemanding plant which is suitable for both soft and hard water. the red colour of the leaves grows stronger at higher light intensities. it used to be sold as Echinodorus rubra. it is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
44
echinodorus 'ozelot'
073f
alismataceae cultivar 20 - 40+ cm 25 - 30 cm 15 - 30c 4 - 30 dh 6-8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Echinodorus ozelot is a decorative hybrid between Echinodorus schluteri leopard and Echinodorus x barthii. naturally, it is the elliptical black spots on the red-brown leaves that have given this plant the name ozelot. the spots are darkest on the youngest leaves, and unlike many other spotted Echinodorus, ozelot retains its spots even at low light intensity. it is an undemanding, good plant for beginners.
echinodorus 'ozelot green'

073g
alismataceae cultivar 20 - 40+ cm 25 - 30 cm 15 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 6-8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
a beautiful, dark-green variety of Echinodorus ozelot. the dark spots form a bigger contrast on the light leaves. the leaf margin is fluted. a nutritious bottom promotes growth. it is an easy and highly recommended plant, which thrives in almost all conditions.
45
echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius

076
alismataceae Brazil 20 - 40+ cm 20 - 40+ cm 20 - 28c 4 - 30 dh 5.5 - 8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
in marshy conditions Echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius has round leaves with a horizontal leaf base. under water the leaves are narrower and longer. in the aquarium it tends to grow out of the water. this can be prevented by removing the long leaves just before they reach the water surface. the next leaves will then become shorter and the plant will remain under water. in open aquariums the plant can be allowed to grow out of the water, but the leaf margins often dry out if air humidity is low.
echinodorus quadricostatus
068
alismataceae south america 10 - 15 cm 15 - 20+ cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 6-8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
this plant has characteristic light-green leaves which form a good contrast to the darker aquarium plants. it is most beautiful when planted in groups. in good conditions it produces runners which spread over the bottom. very light leaves are a sign of a shortage of micro-nutrients. there is some confusion about the name of this plant, and it has been sold as Echinodorus bolivianus var. magdalenensis.
echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius 076
46
echinodorus 'red Diamond'

074D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Echinodorus red Diamond appeared as a culture in the ukraine, and is probably a cross between Echinodorus horemanni red and Echinodorus x barthii. the resultant hybrid is an attractive plant with ruby-red sword-shaped leaves. unlike many of the other Echinodorus-species, Echinodorus red Diamond remains moderate in size, so it is extremely well suited as a solitary plant, even in small aquariums. increasing the nutrients in the substrate results in more abundant growth, while favourable light conditions promote the formation of the ruby-red leaves.
echinodorus 'red special'

073J
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
a hybrid of several different cultivated plants, characterised by copper-coloured, spatula-shaped leaves. in some cases these have darker red patches. the plant grows abundantly in a compact shape, and is very decorative as a solitary plant.
47
echinodorus 'ros'
072B
alismataceae cultivar 25 - 40 cm 15 - 25 cm 20 - 30c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
this beautiful plant is a hybrid between Echinodorus horemanii rot and Echinodorus horizontalis. it was first produced in 1986 by hans Barth in Dessau. new underwater leaves are a beautiful pink, and initially the leaves have red-brown spots. a nutritious bottom promotes growth, but otherwise Echinodorus ros is undemanding and thus an excellent plant for beginners.
echinodorus 'rubin'
074B
alismataceae cultivar 30 - 50+ cm 20 - 40 cm 18 - 30c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Echinodorus rubin is a decorative hybrid between Echinodorus horemanii rot and Echinodorus x barthii. the transparent, ruby-red leaves with light leaf ribs provide a particularly intensive sheen. an undemanding plant whose growth is stimulated by co2 addition and a nutritious bottom. a good solitary plant for large aquariums.
48
echinodorus tenellus
067
alismataceae north america 5 - 10 cm 5 - 8+ cm 19 - 30c 1 - 13 dh 5.5 - 8 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
small foreground plants for aquariums are in short supply, but Echinodorus tenellus is one of the best. the runners spread round the aquarium. a true lawn effect is only achieved at high light intensities, so you must make sure larger plants do not overshadow the plant. plant individual plants a couple of centimetres apart (easiest with tweezers). a nutritious bottom promotes growth.
echinodorus uruguayensis
070a
alismataceae south america 20 - 55+ cm 10 - 30 cm 15 - 26c 4 - 20 dh 5-8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Echinodorus uruguayensis has long, narrow, transparent, dark-green leaves, making it a very beautiful solitary plant for large aquariums. the leaf length and width vary considerably. in good growing conditions it forms an unusual number of leaves, and a nutritious bottom and co2 addition and slightly acidic water promote growth. a number of species formerly regarded as distinct are now included under the name Echinodorus uruguayensis.
49
echinodorus 'vesuvius'
067c
alismataceae cultivar 10 - 20 cm 10 - 15 cm 20 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Echinodorus vesuvius is a cultured species based on Echinodorus angustifolia from oriental aquarium plants. the narrow and twisted green leaves makes it an unusual addition to the echinodorus. it grows vigorously with many medium length and narrow leaves, and is highly decorative as a solitary plant. vesuvius spreads readily with runners. an easy and undemanding plant that requires medium to high light conditions.
egeria densa
058
hydrocharitaceae cosmopolitan 40 - 100 cm 3 - 5 cm 10 - 26c 1 - 30 dh 5-8 B
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Egeria densa is a good plant for beginners, and its rapid growth helps create a balance in the aquarium from the start. it can also help prevent algae because it absorbs a great number of nutrients from the water. the plant secretes antibiotic substances which can help prevent blue-green algae (a type of bacteria). the growth rate depends largely on the amount of light and nutrition available. growth does not stop in unfavourable conditions, but the plant turns light in colour and the tendrils grow thin.
50
DiD you know Tropicas employees are highly dedicated. Based on their long-term and vast experiences with aquarium plants you are guaranteed a top quality product. Despite the use of modern electronic equipment in the production of 130 species, it still takes a great deal of experience to identify and evaluate the necessary processes to optimize plant growth and health. it is Tropicas philosophy that decisions concerning both the company and the products are being taken in accordance with our employees considerations. Job satisfaction and participation on decision-making processes ensures Tropica employees morale and motivation levels are outstanding.
Packing of Limnobium laevigatum in the submerged department
51
eleocharis parvula
132c
cyperaceae cosmopolitan 3 - 10 cm 5 - 10+ cm 10 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 h
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Eleocharis parvula has short leaves and fast growth making it one of the most impressive carpet-forming foreground plants. it spreads rapidly by runners. it is a relatively easy and undemanding plant that does best with good light and a nutritious substrate. can be planted in small portions in the substrate and can form a dense carpet in a matter of weeks given the right lighting and conditions. when the leaves get too long they can be pruned with scissors to about 2cm height, encouraging new growth.
glossostigma elatinoides
045a
scrophulariaceae new Zealand 2 - 3+ cm 5 - 10+ cm 15 - 26c 1 - 13 dh 5 - 7.5 g
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Glossostigma elatinoides is much in demand in Japanese-inspired aquariums. it is one of the smallest aquarium plants, and thus a good foreground plant. a difficult plant demanding a lot of light. grows upwards if light is poor. make sure larger plants do not overshadow it. when planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed at intervals of a few centimetres to help the plants grow together more quickly. co2 addition and soft water promote growth significantly.
52
hemianthus callitrichoides ''cuba''

048B
scrophulariaceae cuba 0.5 - 3 cm 3 - 10+ cm 18 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5 - 7.5 g
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Hemianthus callitrichoides is one of the smallest aquarium plants in the world, and creeps over the bottom with millimetre-sized round leaves. if planted in small clumps a few centimetres apart, it will spread rapidly and cover the bottom like a carpet. Hemianthus callitrichoides is an attractive foreground plant for small aquariums. found on cuba west of havana.
hemianthus micranthemoides
048a
scrophulariaceae north america 5 - 15+ cm 5 - 10+ cm 20 - 28c 1 - 30 dh 5 - 7.5 g
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Hemianthus micranthemoides is a graceful plant whose small, arched leaves make it look like a miniature version of Egeria. it has a characteristic trailing growth in intensive light, so it can be used as a foreground plant. a compact group of Hemianthus micranthemoides is very beautiful with its small, light-green leaves. in terrariums the plant forms a compact cushion. used to be called Micranthemum micranthemoides.
53
heteranthera zosterifolia
096
pontederiaceae south america 30 - 50 cm 10 - 15 cm 18 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Heteranthera zosterifolia is an extremely beautiful plant which forms a lot of side shoots and thus quickly forms a bushy plant group. in strong light growth is intensive, and the plant must be pruned before it becomes so compact that no light reaches the lower leaves. water roots often form on the stem. in open aquariums it forms small blue flowers if some shoots are allowed to spread on the surface.
hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (maritima)

039a
apiaceae south-east asia 3 - 8 cm 5 - 10+ cm 20 - 28c 1 - 13 dh 6-8 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Hydrocotyle sibthorpioides is a beautiful plant which can be difficult to grow. intensive light is vital. in the wild it is found in very arid conditions which are rarely flooded. used to be sold as Hydrocotyle maritima.
54
hydrocotyle verticillata
039
apiaceae america 3 - 7 cm 5 - 10+ cm 10 - 26c 1 - 13 dh 5-8 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
unlike other Hydrocotyle species, this plant retains its trailing growth form. optimum growth is only achieved in strong light and soft, slightly acidic water. it does not need to be rooted, but can be used as a floating plant. Hydrocotyle verticillata is definitely a foreground plant which can also be used in garden ponds. it can also be used as an indoor plant if the soil is kept moist.
hygrophila corymbosa
053
acanthaceae south-east asia 30 - 50 cm 15 - 20 cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 B
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Hygrophila corymbosa is an undemanding starter plant that originates from asia. in the aquarium it will spread fast and create bright green, long and wide leaves. it is a fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently. new shoots will spread from the stem and make the plant look bushier. the cuttings can be re-planted in the bottom of the aquarium where new roots form quickly.
55
hygrophila corymbosa 'angustifolia'

052a
acanthaceae south-east asia 25 - 60 cm 20 - 35 cm 20 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
under water Hygrophila corymbosa angustifolia has relatively narrow leaves which are grouped close together. plants sold in the shops are normally cultivated above water, and have rounder leaves with larger gaps between them.
hygrophila corymbosa ''compact''

052D
acanthaceae cultivar 5 - 15 cm 5 - 10 cm 18 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
a very compact variety of Hygrophila corymbosa, with the leaves set close to the stalk. forms numerous side shoots, enhancing the compact appearance. the leaves are a dark brownish green when the plant is delivered, but after a transitional period in the aquarium they turn light green and silver-white on the underside. in strong light the newest leaves are reddish brown in colour and in time the oldest ones die away - especially in dimmer light. new side shoots form often, to replace the old.
hygrophila corymbosa 'angustifolia' 052a
56
DiD you know Tropicas tissue laboratory was started in 1994 and today more than one million plants are produced there annually for our own production, spread over more than 50 cultures (e.g. Hygrophila, Bacopa, and Pogostemon). Plants from the tissue laboratory get the perfect start to their lives with optimum growth conditions from both light and nutrition as they are being produced in glass containers isolated from their surroundings. uniformity, heightened survival capacity, greater compactness, many plants in each pot, enhanced adaptability these are just a few of the ideal properties that associated to plants that begin their lives at Tropicas tissue laboratory.
Cutting of Marsilea hirsuta mother material
Tissue laboratory
More than one million plants sees the light in Tropicas laboratory
57
hygrophila corymbosa 'siamensis'

053a
acanthaceae thailand 15 - 40 cm 15 - 20 cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
under water the leaves are light-green and dense. in open aquariums Hygrophila corymbosa siamensis grows easily above the water surface, where it forms blue-green leaves and small blue flowers. it grows fast and the shoots must be pinched out regularly if you want to keep the plant under water. an extremely hardy plant, suitable for beginners.
hygrophila corymbosa 'siamensis 53B'

053B
acanthaceae south-east asia 15 - 30+ cm 10 - 15 cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Hygrophila corymbosa siamensis 53B is a variety of Hygrophila corymbosa siamensis. this Hygrophila siamensis 53B forms an incredible amount of side shoots and becomes bushy relatively rapidly. its beautiful bright green leaves are narrower than the regular siamensis and it can achieve red-brown leaves in good light conditions. an undemanding, fast growing plant that must be pruned frequently to maintain a bushy growth.
58
hygrophila difformis
051
acanthaceae south-east asia 20 - 50 cm 15 - 25 cm 22 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 5-8 B
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Hygrophila difformis is beautiful and undemanding. a plant for beginners which can help create a balance in the aquarium from the start. its rapid growth helps prevent algae because the plant absorbs a great number of nutrients from the water. the shortage of micro-nutrients leads to pale leaves, which may be an indication that the aquarium needs fertiliser. in large aquariums its lobed leaves can create a distinctive group.
hygrophila pinnatifida
051a
acanthaceae india 15 - 40+ cm 15 - 30+ cm 20 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Hygrophila pinnatifida originates from india. it obtains brown, patched leaves on the surface with a distinctive burgundy colour underneath. it creates horizontal side shoots and the top shoots should be pinched out in order to maintain compact and attractive growth. the horizontal side shoots easily attach to both wood and rocks. growth is moderate and the colour is attractive when planted in small groups with a plain background. intense lighting ensures compact growth due to the plants slow to medium growth rate.
59
hygrophila polysperma
050
acanthaceae south-east asia 25 - 40 cm 10 - 20 cm 18 - 30c 4 - 30 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Hygrophila polysperma is one of the hardiest aquarium plants available. it is particularly good for beginners because it grows in almost all conditions. it normally grows so fast that it is important to prevent it crowding out other plants. the shoots must be pinched out regularly. leaves lying on the surface form small new plants. Hygrophila polysperma varies considerably in leaf shape and colour, depending to some extent on the light supplied.
hygrophila polysperma 'rosanervig'

050B
acanthaceae cultivar 20 - 30+ cm 6 - 10 cm 18 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Hygrophila polysperma rosanervig is normally an undemanding plant. But if you want deep-pink leaves you must provide intensive light. the distinctive colouring of the light leaf ribs is probably caused by a virus which prevents chlorophyll from being produced in the cells around the leaf ribs, making them white. however, this virus does not affect other plants in the aquarium.
60
Juncus repens
133f
Juncaceae usa 7 - 30 cm 5 - 7+ cm 15 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5-8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Juncus repens is widespread in shallow water and along the banks of ponds and lakes in north america. in an aquarium Juncus repens is decorative and distinguishes itself from other aquatic plants. if it grows under water, Juncus repens forms leaves in rings, and, depending on its growth conditions, it often develops a thick, bushy habit. the leaves are normally light green, but in good light the underwater form of Juncus repens most frequently becomes reddish. new shoots form willingly from the nodes, so Juncus repens is easy to propagate.
lilaeopsis brasiliensis
040
apiaceae south america 4 - 7 cm 5 - 10+ cm 15 - 26c 1 - 20 dh 6-8 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Lilaeopsis brasiliensis can grow very compact, but a lawn effect is only achieved at high light intensity. when planting in the aquarium small clumps (approx. 1/8 pot) should be placed a few centimetres apart to help the plants grow together more quickly. place in an open position without shading from other plants to ensure good light. Lilaeopsis brasiliensis can be used in garden ponds, and also tolerates low salt concentrations in brackish aquariums.
61
lilaeopsis mauritiana
040B
apiaceae mauritius 5 - 10 cm 5 - 10+ cm 15 - 28c 1 - 30 dh 5.5 - 8 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
this Lilaeopsis species demands less light than Lilaeopsis brasiliensis. tropicas founder, holger windelv, found it on mauritius in 1992. the plants height and distance between its leaves depend on the light intensity. the more light it gets, the lower the plant and the denser the leaves. the runners spread round the aquarium. should be planted like Lilaeopsis brasiliensis.
limnobium laevigatum
063
hydrocharitaceae south america 1 - 5 cm 5 - 10+ cm 18 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5-8 J
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Limnobium laevigatum is a decorative plant that is particularly suitable for open aquariums. it is also good in traditional aquariums, because the fine, long and decorative roots provide protection to gouramies and other surface fish that like the roots of floating plants. if there are enough nutrients in the water and the light intensity is good, new leaves will appear above the water surface.
62
limnophila aquatica
046
scrophulariaceae south-east asia 25 - 50 cm 15 - 20 cm 20 - 30c 1 - 13 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
an extremely beautiful aquarium plant circled by light-green and finely branched leaves. in the right growing conditions with added co2 and a nutritious bottom this plant grows fast. in good light it forms horizontal side shoots and becomes attractive and bushy. most decorative when several stems are planted in a small group. in open aquariums it sometimes sends shoots above the water surface, forming small blue flowers.
limnophila sessiliflora
047
scrophulariaceae south-east asia 15 - 40 cm 10 - 15 cm 22 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Limnophila sessiliflora is a good and undemanding plant which is a good alternative to Cabomba, which demands a lot of light. the plant often grows leggy in poor light, but this can be counteracted to some extent by stimulating growth by co2 addition. most beautiful when planted in groups. in good growing conditions it sends out runners and spreads across the bottom. Limnophila sessiliflora used to be called ambulia.
63
lindernia rotundifolia
045
scrophulariaceae asia 15 - 30+ cm 10 - 20+ cm 20 - 26c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Lindernia rotundifolia grows on sandy banks along streams in asia. the plant is undemanding and the stems with marbled leaves quickly form compact groups. Lindernia rotundifolia is suitable both for background and as a solitary mid-ground plant with leaves growing tightly from top to bottom. a good starter plant that thrives under most conditions.
lobelia cardinalis
053c
lobeliaceae north america 20 - 30+ cm 7 - 15 cm 15 - 26c 4 - 20 dh 6-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
in the nursery this plant is cultivated in marshy conditions, forming dark-green leaves which are purple underneath. in aquariums the leaves turn a beautiful shade of light-green. it needs intensive light to thrive. widely used in Dutch aquariums in so-called plant streets. in open aquariums it grows above the water surface, where it forms very beautiful scarlet flowers and the leaves regain their colour. can be used in garden ponds.
lindernia rotundifolia
045
64
ludwigia arcuata
035
onagraceae usa 25 - 50 cm 3 - 5 cm 20 - 28c 1 - 13 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
this is a narrow-leafed Ludwigia species, so it is often mistaken for Didiplis diandra. it requires a relatively large amount of light before forming a red stem and red leaves, and thrives best in slightly acidic, soft/medium hard water. the most decorative effect can be achieved by planting it in groups. it is suitable for small aquariums, and can also be used as a terrarium plant.
ludwigia glandulosa
035a
onagraceae north america 15 - 40 cm 5 - 12 cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Ludwigia glandulosa is a very beautiful water plant. it is slowgrowing and requires co2 addition to grow well. the leaves turn greener if sufficient light is provided. used to be sold as Ludwigia perennis.
65
ludwigia repens 'rubin'

033D
onagraceae north america 20 - 50 cm 10 - 20 cm 15 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
variety of Ludwigia repens with striking dark red leaves and stalk. it makes a fine colour contrast to the green shades in the aquarium. plant in large groups to enhance the decorative effect, and prune regularly to encourage bushy growth. the plant makes few demands, but if light is insufficient the lower leaves tend to fall off. in strong light the colour becomes more intense.
marsilea hirsuta
010
marsileceae australia 2 - 10+ cm 5 - 10+ cm 18 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5 - 7.5 h
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Marsilea hirsuta is a fascinating plant, usually delivered with leaves like a four-leaf clover. after a transitional period it develops different types of leaves, possibly a low form with single leaves like a large Glossostigma, or alternatively develop two, three or four-lobed leaves varying in height, depending on the growth conditions. whichever form the plant adopts, it forms runners and spreads rapidly round the aquarium.
66
micranthemum umbrosum
048
scrophulariaceae usa 10 - 15+ cm 5 - 10+ cm 20 - 26c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 g
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Micranthemum umbrosum is a beautiful plant with small round leaves. it is suitable for small or large aquariums. relatively demanding in terms of light. co2 addition is recommended to promote growth. once the plant starts growing it grows fast, and the shoots have to be pinched out often (can be planted as cuttings in the bottom). most beautiful in groups of many stems.
microsorum pteropus
008
polypodiaceae asia 15 - 30 cm 12 - 20+ cm 18 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5-8 D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Microsorum pteropus is a water fern which should be grown on a root or stone, attached with fishing line until it has gained a hold. if it is planted in the bottom, do not cover the rhizome because it will rot. easy to propagate by splitting the horizontal rhizome. a hardy plant which grows in all conditions. the black spots under the leaves are sporangia (reproductive organs), not signs of disease as many believe.
67
microsorum pteropus 'narrow'

price group: pot 8, aquaDecor familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
008a
polypodiaceae asia 10 - 20 cm 10 - 20 cm 18 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 5-8 D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Microsorum pteropus is a highly variable species, and new varieties are easily bred. Microsorum pteropus narrow has narrower leaves, which grow at a less acute angle from the stem than the normal Microsorum pteropus. the plant attaches readily to roots and stones. a decorative plant, which is also suitable for smaller aquariums. see also Microsorum pteropus.
microsorum pteropus 'windelv'

008B
polypodiaceae cultivar 10 - 20 cm 12 - 18+ cm 18 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5-8 D
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Microsorum pteropus windelv is a patented variety of Microsorum pteropus, named after tropicas founder holger windelv. its finely branched leaf tips make it one of the most beautiful aquarium plants. a hardy and easy plant for both beginners and the more experienced. Best results are obtained by planting it on a stone or tree root. if planted in the bottom the horizontal rhizome must not be covered. this plant is not eaten by herbivorous fish.
68
DiD you know Microsorum pteropus Windelv was the very first plant to be patented. During an inspection in 1992 of 10,000 Microsorum pteropus plants, holger Windelv (founder of Tropica) discovered two plants that were unique from the rest! The tip of a leaf divided, and this division had two tips dividing again. Through a long propagation and selective process they succeeded in re-creating this species. on the occasion of Tropicas 25th anniversary this new plant was named Microsorum pteropus Windelv after the founder of Tropica. Both its name and patent has been of great value to Tropica, and to the quiet enjoyment of holger!
Holger Windelv in the year of 2010 with Microsorum pteropus Windelv
69
monosolenium tenerum
price group: por 7, aquaDecor familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
002c
monoseleniaceae asia 2 - 5+ cm 3 - 10+ cm 5 - 28c 1 - 30 dh 5-8 k
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Monosolenium tenerum is an attractive liverwort, which looks most like a giant Riccia that simply stays at the bottom, where it forms cushions. it is a brittle plant, and pieces break off easily, so it is best to place it in the aquarium attached to stones with fishing line or in small clumps among other plants such as Eleocharis. once Monosolenium has established itself, it is very undemanding. this plant is mistakenly known as Pellia.
myriophyllum mattogrossense
037
haloragaceae south america 30 - 60 cm 10 - 15 cm 20 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Myriophyllum matogrossense originates from matto grosso in the rio amazonas, Brazil. it has decorative and feather-like, reddish stems and finely divided bright green leaves. in good light conditions the leaves spread out in a fan shape. Myriophyllum is relatively easy and is suitable for the background. it needs to be pruned frequently to maintain its bushy form. it is fast growing and requires a good deal of nutrition. a good starter plant.
70
myriophyllum mezianum
037B
haloragaceae madagascar 5 - 30+ cm 5 - 10+ cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Myriophyllum mezianum has finely dissected light green leaves with reddish apical shoots and it grows significantly slower than the already known species of Myriophyllum. it was found on madagascar where it formed dense stands in shallow water. During planting, the individual shoots should be placed few centimetres apart in small groups in the middle ground of the aquarium. Myriophyllum mezianum requires both high light and co2 injection to obtain the best possible result and, in addition, the plant is also nutrient requiring.
nesaea crassicaulis
033B
lythraceae africa 30 - 50 cm 8 - 15+ cm 22 - 28c 1 - 13 dh 5.5 - 8.5 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Nesaea crassicaulis is a beautiful and highly recommended aquarium plant, although it has high demands for light. it has red-brown, cognac-coloured leaves. grows best in soft and slightly acidic water. make sure the lower leaves get sufficient light, otherwise they will die off. this plant is similar to Ammannia species and is often mistaken for them. But in the aquarium it can be recognised by its yellow-green stems. easy to propagate by side shoots or cuttings, which can be cut off and planted in the bottom.
71
nesaea pedicellata
033c
lythraceae africa 20 - 40+ cm 10 - 20+ cm 22 - 30c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Nesaea pedicellata is an attractive, decorative and easy stem plant. leaf colours range from green to yellow and orange and reddish shades depending on growth conditions in the aquarium. the stems keep their intense red colouring, something that can also be seen when the plant is grown in a swamp. compared with Nesaea crassicaulis, Nesaea pedicellata has narrower leaves and its colours are warmer. we recommend planting Nesaea in the mid-ground of the aquarium as a contrast to the tall green background plants.
nymphaea lotus (zenkeri)

019
nymphaeaceae west africa 20 - 80 cm 25 - 60 cm 22 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5-8 c
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
a beautiful and very varied species with leaves of green to red-brown and varying numbers of purple spots. Before forming floating leaves Nymphaea lotus (zenkeri) forms many underwater leaves. if you dont want floating leaves, prune the roots and leaves. the beautiful, aromatic flowers can be fully appreciated in open aquariums. a nutritious bottom encourages growth. often available in a red and a green variety. recommended as a solitary plant for large aquariums.
nesaea pedicellata
033c
72
pogostemon erectus
053f
lamiaceae india 15 - 40 cm 10 - 15 cm 20 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
the indian Pogostemon erectus forms compact groups of bright green, conifer-like stems. Pogostemon erectus is suitable as a background plant and creates a wonderful focal point in both smaller and larger groups. intense light helps the plant to stay compact for a longer period. moderate growth and vigorous roots.
pogostemon helferi
price group: pot 8, aquaDecor familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
053h
lamiaceae thailand 2 - 10 cm 5 - 10 cm 20 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 6 - 7.5 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
this plant was discovered by aquarists in thailand, close to the border with Burma. it is called Daonoi (little star) in thailand, and it is easy to see why. Pogostemon helferi is an unusual and distinctive aquatic plant with a compact habit, curly leaves and a strikingly beautiful green colour. with good light conditions and a substrate rich in nutrients Pogostemon helferi forms many side shoots, which develop small roots, and the plant rapidly forms an impressive carpet of foreground vegetation.
pogostemon erectus
053f 73
pogostemon stellata (eusteralis)

053g
lamiaceae asia 15 - 25+ cm 10 - 20 cm 22 - 28c 1 - 13 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Pogostemon stellata is distinguished by its beautiful shape and colour. it is difficult to grow in aquariums. it requires intensive light and the addition of co2 to grow well. the shortage of micro-nutrients leads to pale leaves, which may be an indication that the aquarium needs fertiliser. even in good conditions growth sometimes stops suddenly. plants in aquarium shops are generally low, compact plants grown in marshy conditions, and do not reveal their full glory until planted in the aquarium.
polygonum sp.
023f
polygonaceae south america 30 - 60 cm 10 - 15 cm 20 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Polygonum oringates from south america and is highly attractive with its arrow-shaped, red leaves. it demands both high lighting and co2 levels. after it has adapted to submerged existence its leaves turn a reddish colour. the most decorative effect is achieved by planting it into smaller groups. Polygonum sp. requires a good deal of nutrition, and should be pruned frequently to maintain healthy growth.
74
proserpinaca palustris ''cuba''

037c
haloragaceae cuba 10 - 40 cm 5 - 15 cm 10 - 28c 1 - 13 dh 5 - 7.5 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
cultivated above water and delivered with saw-toothed leaves, which after a transitional period in the aquarium develop into long, finely denticulated, needle-like leaves. in good light conditions it turns a beautiful copper colour and its characteristic appearance is a pleasing contrast to the other plants. Proserpinaca palustris varies in form according to its origin. the tropica cultivar is found on the isla de la Juventud off cuba. in the usa the plant is commonly known as mermaid weed.
riccia fluitans
001
ricciaceae cosmopolitan 1 - 4+ cm 5 - 10+ cm 10 - 28c 1 - 20 dh 5-8 k
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Japanese takashi amano has inspired many aquarium owners to keep Riccia fluitans submerged. it can be kept down by tying it to a stone with a piece of fishing line, but new shoots always grow towards the surface, so it may be necessary to prune it with scissors. under water Riccia fluitans thrives best with added co2 and in good growing conditions small oxygen bubbles form on the leaf tips. as a traditional floating plant offers good protection for young fish.
75
rotala rotundifolia
033
lythraceae south-east asia 15 - 30 cm 10 - 20 cm 18 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
the latin name means the plant with the round leaves. But this only applies to the marsh variety, which has circular leaves. in aquariums Rotala rotundifolia has long, thin leaves. unlike other Rotala species it is relatively undemanding, although it needs good light to produce red leaves. it forms side shoots willingly, becoming compact and bushy. this also means that it is hard for light to reach the lower leaves, so the plant should be pruned frequently. also known as Rotala indica.
rotala sp. ''green''

033a
lythraceae asia 40 - 50 cm 5 - 10+ cm 18 - 30c 1 - 20 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Rotala sp. green is very similar to Rotala rotundifolia, but its leaves remain fresh and bright green, even with intensive light. the plant forms many side shoots willingly and obtains a beautiful, bushy and hanging growth. it should be pruned frequently to maintain healthy growth. an ideal starter plant that looks best when planted in large groups.
76
rotala wallichii
032a
lythraceae south-east asia 10 - 30 cm 5 - 10+ cm 18 - 28c 1 - 13 dh 5-7 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Rotala wallichii is a demanding plant that develops red shoot tips in good light conditions. the most decorative effect can be achieved by planting a large number of stems in a group. Rotala wallichii is a good foreground plant, and suitable for small aquariums because it is easy to prune if it grows too large. co2 addition boosts growth considerably. it also prefers soft, slightly acidic water.
sagittaria platyphylla
081
alismataceae north america 15 - 40 cm 10 - 25 cm 19 - 26c 1 - 13 dh 5.5 - 8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Sagittaria platyphylla is an ideal foreground plant for large aquariums or in the middle of smaller aquariums. it forms a slightly dispersed group with its runners. a nutritious bottom promotes growth. if there is a shortage of micro-nutrients the plant turns pale, indicating that the aquarium may need fertiliser. this is a robust starter plant which is also suitable for the hard water that is found in many european aquariums.
77
sagittaria subulata
079
alismataceae south america 5 - 30+ cm 10 - 15 cm 16 - 28c 4 - 30 dh 6-8 e
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Sagittaria subulata is an ideal, undemanding foreground plant whose short runners form a compact group. place individual plants 2-4 cm apart. this plant may cause problems because in certain conditions it suddenly grows to a height of 50 cm when it grows older. But if it is then moved into the background it may become low again. in the aquarium it sometimes sends a long flower stem to the surface, and small white flowers unfold just above the water surface.
salvinia natans
011
salviniaceae cosmopolitan 1 - 3 cm 5 - 10+ cm 12 - 30c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 J
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Salvinia natans is a floating fern that grows quickly if there is sufficient nutrition and light. light leaves are a sign of a shortage of micro-nutrients. it tends to take light from the plants at the bottom. Salvinia varieties have small hairs on their leaves, making them water resistant. helps prevent algae by shading parts of the aquarium and using nutrients in the water. grows very big in the wild and in optimum conditions. a decorative plant for open aquariums.
78
samolus valerandi
026
primulaceae america 6 - 12 cm 6 - 12 cm 15 - 26c 4 - 30 dh 6-8 f
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
in favourable light and nutrition conditions Samolus valerandi is a very beautiful foreground plant in the aquarium. it normally grows in marshes, and often takes time to adapt to life under water and start growing. if light conditions are good and the bottom is nutritious, the plant will do well. Samolus valerandi is also suitable as a pond or terrarium plant, as well as an indoor plant if placed in a north-facing window.
shinnersia rivularis 'weiss-grn'

053e
asteraceae cultivar 10 - 50 cm 10 - 20 cm 15 - 30c 1 - 30 dh 5-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
variety of Shinnersia rivularis, distinguished by the white veins on the leaves. this colour mutation was discovered at the Dennerle aquarium plant nursery. the plant grows rapidly and soon reaches the water surface, but shoots can simply be pinched off and planted back on the bottom.
79
staurogyne repens
049g
acanthaceae Brazil 3 - 10+ cm 5 - 10+ cm 20 - 28c 4 - 30 dh 6-8 a
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Staurogyne repens is a freshly green, compact and hardy plant for the foreground of the aquarium and it was found in river rio cristalino in the southern amazonas. its nearest relative in the aquaristic is Hygrophila but Staurogyne is different with its marked compact, low and bushy stature and small green leaves. During planting in the aquarium, the longest upright shoots should be cut off and new horizontally creeping shoots will soon form from the plant basis and gradually colonize the gravel.
taxiphyllum barbieri (vesicularia)

003
hypnaceae south-east asia 3 - 10+ cm 5 - 10+ cm 15 - 28c 1 - 30 dh 5-8 k
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Taxiphyllum barbieri is a hardy plant which makes few demands on the water or light. the moss grows willingly on any surface, so it is ideal for decorating stones and tree roots or concealing installations in the aquarium. attach the plant with a piece of fishing line until it has gained a hold on the bottom. if its growth becomes too luxuriant, it can be pruned with scissors. in breeding aquariums Taxiphyllum barbieri is a wonderful hiding place for the young fish.
80
DiD you know For the past 40 years Tropica has travelled around the world searching countless rivers and tropical wetlands for new plants. The list of plants that have been found and brought to the hobby is long and come from many different places such as; Cuba, Thailand, Brazil, sri lanka, Bolivia and Mauritius. More than 100 varieties of potential aquarium plants are constantly being tested and evaluated in the research and development department at Tropica. This is the way we have been able to contribute new and exciting plants to the hobby and enrich the possibility of recreating a slice of nature into the aquarium.
Holger Windelv keeping Cryptocoryne crispus var. balansae in a Thai river
Habitat for Staurogyne repens
Ole Pedersen at the habitat of Pogostemon helferi in Thailand
81
utricularia graminifolia
049B
lentibulariaceae asia 2 - 8 cm 5 - 10+ cm 16 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 7 g
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Utricularia graminifolia belongs to the bladderwort family. all the plants in this family are insect eating, perennial water and marsh plants. Bladder traps are a unique feature of this family, which Utricularia graminifolia forms after a short period of time in the aquarium. the species name means with grass like leaves and the fresh green leaves after a short period of time form a pretty mat which looks like a lawn. Utricularia graminifolia is therefore an ideal foreground plant.
vallisneria americana var. asiatica

056a
hydrocharitaceae south-east asia 20 - 50+ cm 5 - 10+ cm 18 - 28c 1 - 30 dh 6 - 8.5 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Vallisneria americana var. asiatica has twisted, green leaves that make a beautiful contrast when planted in groups. its shorter leaves differ from most other Vallisneria-species and do not overshadow other plants in the aquarium. an easy plant that readily propagates via runners.
utricularia graminifolia
049B
82
vallisneria americana (gigantea)

price group: pot 8, pl 5 familY: origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:
054
hydrocharitaceae asia 50 - 100+ cm 10 - 20+ cm 18 - 30c 4 - 30 dh 6-8 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Vallisneria americana (gigantea) is an easy plant that grows fast, suitable for large aquariums. in most aquariums the leaves grow so long that they float on the surface. so the plant needs pruning to stop it taking too much light from plants growing beneath. the leaves are tough and strong, so they are not normally eaten by herbivorous fish. Vallisneria americana is easy to propagate using runners, which are prolific if the bottom is nutritious.
vallisneria americana ''mini twister''

056B
hydrocharitaceae south-east asia 10 - 15+ cm 5 - 15 cm 20 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 6 - 8.5 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Vallisneria americana mini twister is yet another graceful variety of Vallisneria americana. mini twister develops short, attractively twisted leaves, and can thus be placed between foreground and background plants. mini twister is easy to grow and thrives even in less intensive light and without addition of co2 to the water.
83
vallisneria americana (natans)

055
hydrocharitaceae south-east asia 50 - 100 cm 5 - 10+ cm 18 - 28c 4 - 30 dh 6-8 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Vallisneria americana (natans) is a hardy plant for beginners. it has fine, narrow leaves so it does not overshadow other plants much. easy to propagate using its many runners.
vallisneria nana
056c
hydrocharitaceae australia 30 - 80 cm 2 - 10 cm 20 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 6-8 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Vallisneria nana is a solitary contrast plant with dark green, rosulate, narrow leaves. it is extremely suitable as a mid-ground plant, but can also be used as a background plant in small aquariums. the leaves are much narrower than with other species of Vallisneria, nor are they quite as long. in its natural habitat in northern australia Vallisneria nana reaches a height of only 15 cm, but in aquariums it typically grows to 30-50 cm, which no doubt reflects the different light and nutrient conditions. Vallisneria nana produces offshoots very readily, so compact vegetation will soon develop in good conditions.
vallisneria americana (natans) 055
84
vallisneria spiralis 'tiger'

055a
hydrocharitaceae asia 30 - 55+ cm 5 - 10+ cm 15 - 30c 4 - 30 dh 6-8 i
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Vallisneria spiralis tiger is an excellent plant for beginners, growing in virtually all light and water conditions. the name tiger is due to its striped leaves. the relatively short leaves make it suitable for small aquariums, and the leaves are also narrow so they do not overshadow smaller plants. forms runners easily, and is thus easy to propagate.
vesicularia dubyana 'christmas'

003a
hypnaceae Brazil 1 - 3+ cm 3 - 5+ cm 15 - 28c 1 - 30 dh 5.5 - 8 k
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
a special moss originally seen in Japanese aquariums and known as amazonia willow moss. also called christmas tree moss, because of its side branch structure which distinguishes it from ordinary Vesicularia dubyana and looks like fir tree branches. it is more demanding than ordinary Java moss and grows more slowly. it attaches readily to roots and stones, and as it spreads in the water it needs pruning to keep its shape attractive. see also Taxiphyllum barbieri.
85
vesicularia ferriei 'weeping'

003B
hypnaceae asia 1 - 3+ cm 3 - 5+ cm 15 - 28c 4 - 20 dh 5.5 - 8 k
low slow easY
high fast Difficult
Vesicularia ferriei weeping, commonly known as weeping moss, is believed to originate from china and has been distributed by oriental aquarium plants. weeping is a fleshy, hanging moss with teardrop-like bright green shoots. it is best attached to driftwood or roots, as its drooping growth pattern helps to create depth and contrast in the aquarium. weeping has low demands, is fast growing and should be pruned frequently with scissors to maintain an attractive shape.
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Vesicularia ferriei Weeping
tropicas aBc its time to get starteD!

our goal with the tropicas aBc is to give you a simple guide to the most important topics that you need to understand to ensure a successful and trouble-free start. what should be considered before the start up? how do i set up the aquarium? and what is required afterwards? You are about to embark on a wonderful hobby, but you must be aware that a bad start can cause you worries. if you follow the basic instructions on the following pages you will be well-prepared for this amazing underwater world. we also recommend that you visit our website www.tropica.com where you can gain further information, get detailed advice and guidance through an extensive number of plant articles and plant news.
The decoration of the aquarium before planting
Result 6 weeks after set-up
87
Before You start

to help you with the start up of your aquarium we have listed some fundamental issues that are important and can influence the results you experience.
location
Do not place the aquarium in direct sun light as it will certainly provoke algae problems. place it in a dark corner with minimal ambient light. the aquarium itself will bring light and atmosphere to the room. place on a stable surface in level.
aquarium
the aquarium is the housing of your water environment and should look subtle without distracting from the content. the size of the aquarium is your choice but smaller aquariums (less than 50 l) can be more difficult to maintain than larger tanks, as environmental stability is reduced in smaller volumes of water.
Decoration
materials for decoration are for example wood, roots and stones. By using decorative materials you will be able to create depth, nature-like landscapes, and options for attaching plants. to avoid damage to the bottom of the aquarium you can place a piece of styrofoam underneath larger rocks.
light
light is the energy source for all plants. plants need light to grow and thrive but their need for light varies. a good rule of thumb would be 0.5 watt per litre of water. read carefully the instructions of the lamps power (in watts) and select a lamp with enough wattage compared to the aquarium volume. the composition of the light colours can vary from warm to cold shades. plants adapts best to light as close to daylight as possible. colours appears also best in daylight. light should only be switched on for 8-10 hours a day more hours will only benefit algae! for the start up (about 2 weeks) 6 hours light a day will be sufficient.
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heating
heating your aquarium is necessary when plants and fish require a higher temperature than the ambient temperature. suitable temperatures are common for most plants. to achieve good plant growth we recommend a temperature of 22-25 degrees celsius. note that some pump types have and internal heat source.
fertiliZer
fertilizers are a must in order to achieve good plant health and growth. the addition of liquid fertilizer can be recommended for all types of plants, and a good substrate for plants with thriving roots. see page 96-97 for further information of tropicas fertilizer series.
pump/filter
the function for the pump and/or filter is to create water circulation. it helps bring the biological balance into the aquarium and to avoid stagnant water in some parts of the aquarium which can cause problems. a filter system will clean the water mechanically and biologically to prevent the water from becoming dirty and polluted. But its important to remember that a filter system does not replace the need to change water.
carBon DioXiDe
co2, carbon dioxide, is very important for all plants. only very few plants thrives with the limited amount of co2 in an aquarium that does not have any co2 equipment connected. the supply of co2 will increase growth, colours, and lushness of the plants significantly. its easy to test the effect of co2 in your aquarium by adding a cup of mineral water per 100 l every day. plants do only take up co2 when the lights are on. Your dealer carries a large selection of co2 equipment for your aquarium, from simple, manual methods to fully automated systems. on www.tropica.com you can see the diagram for recommended co2 concentrations depending on water hardness.
suBstrate
the bottom layer is fundamental for the development of the plant roots. the gravel grain size varies, but its important that both water and nutrition can circulate. gravel with a grain size of 2-4 mm is ideal for aquarium plants. the bottom layer can be supplemented with a nutrient-rich substrate if it has not already been added to the product.
89
tips anD tricks for planting anD care
coDe
tYpe
eXamples Hygrophila, Alternanthera, Nesaea Cabomba, Egeria
planting anD care remove the pot and the mineral wool carefully from the roots. plant the stems at intervals and spread the loose roots into the bottom layer. pinch off the slips when trimming and they can be planted in the bottom layer. Bunches. remove the lowest leaves and cover the remaining lowest leaves with the bottom layer plant the stems at intervals. pinch off the top shoots and plant them in the bottom layer. remove any pots and mineral wool and cover the bulb with the bottom layer. the shoot should be above the bottom layer. remove any sick leaves before planting. remove whole leaves when trimming. Bulbs can be kept from two to four months (store in damp, cool conditions). remove the pot and the mineral wool carefully from the roots. the root stem (rhizome) should not be covered fully by the bottom layer or it will rot. plants can also be fastened to a stone or roots. trim by cutting pieces from the root stem. remove the pot and the mineral wool carefully from the roots. remove the outermost leaves as they will die under water under any circumstances and the plant will rapidly develop new leaves adapted to conditions under water. shorten the roots and spread them when planting. remove whole leaves when trimming, pinch off offshoots and plant them in the bottom layer. remove the pot and the mineral wool carefully from the roots. remove any sick leaves. plant the individual plants in the pot at intervals. remove whole leaves or whole plants when trimming. remove the pot and cut the mineral wool block so that about 1 cm is left together with the plants. use this mineral wool as an anchor to hold the plant in the bottom layer. the pot contains many plants that can be divided into several groups (typically four to eight) and planted at intervals. trim with scissors like a lawn. remove the pot and cut the mineral wool block so that about 1 cm is left together with the plants. use this mineral wool as an anchor to hold the plants in the bottom layer. then cut down the plants until they are about 1 cm above the mineral wool. they will rapidly develop new leaves adapted to conditions under water. the pot contains many plants that can be divided into several groups (typically four to eight) and planted at intervals. trim or thin with scissors. remove the pot and the mineral wool carefully from the roots. remove any sick leaves. plant the individual plants in the pot at intervals. remove whole leaves whole plants when trimming. portions. place them on the surface (Ceratophyllum can also be planted in the bottom layer). trim by removing material from the surface. portions. can be used as floating plants or fastened to a stone or root where they will form cushions or carpets. trim by removing material or with scissors. separate the bulb carefully from the mineral wool. remove any sick leaves before planting the bulb in the bottom layer. parts of the bulb must be above the bottom layer. trim by removing whole leaves. examples of plants that can be used in different ways search for information on these and other plants on our web site.
stem plants
stem plants
Bulbs
Aponogeton, Nymphaea
rhizomatous
Anubias, Microsorum
rosulate
Echinodorus
rosulate
Cryptocoryne
stolon
Glossostigma, Hemianthus
stolon
Marsilea, Eleocharis
stolon
Vallisneria, Lilaeopsis Salvinia, Ceratophyllum Riccia, Monosolenium
floating plants mosses
Bulb
Crinum
various
Cladophora, Ceratopteris
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from planting to enD result

we will here show you three plant types at three stages from sales pot to planted inside the aquarium. most plants can be divided into smaller portions when planting. to avoid the plant creating excess shade for other plants or to prevent it from growing inappropriately, it is important to prune it in time. for more specific plant advice see page 90.
Polygonum sp.
a: stem plant
1) sales pot
2) Divide in 3-4 portions
3) result 4-5 weeks after planting
Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae)
e: rosette
1) sales pot
2) keep only new leaves (remove the older ones)
3) result 4 weeks after planting
Eleocharis parvula
h: stolon
1) sales pot
2) Divide in 8-16 portions
3) result 6-8 weeks after planting
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the Best waY of caring for Your plants in the aquarium!

Your aquarium plants require water, heat, light and fertilizer, but in moderation. too little or too much may cause impaired growth and if missing only one of these things the plants will not be able to survive.
water change
when starting up the aquarium, water needs to be changed twice a week for 2-3 weeks. subsequently once a week to prevent algae growth. change approx. 25% every time.
algae check
check regularly for algae. the first signs for algae can be unclear water, coatings on the glass, the leaves or decorations, or perhaps as fine threads. initial signs can be hard to spot so look carefully! read more about algae on page 94.
aDD fertiliZer
fertilizer must be added with caution. start out with only half of the recommended dose and check on the development of the plants. if leaves or the entire plant turns pale or transparent then they need fertilizer. Begin by using the fertilizer without nitrogen (n) or phosphorous (p). once the plants are in good growth a fertilizer containing n and p can be added as a supplement (see page 97 about tropicas fertilizer products aquacare).
pruning
pruning of the plants should be done frequently (each or every other week). at longer intervals the cuttings will be more difficult and it may disturb the balance of the aquarium. also the risk of algae increases. see examples on cuttings on page 93.
inspection of the technique

technical equipment must be checked frequently. are the fluorescent tubes functioning, does the plug-in-timer work, is the temperature appropriate, is there any co2 left in the bottle?
remove DeaD material

removal of dead material must be done frequently. Dead material can be plant residues, dead fish or shrimp, algae residues, etc. Dead material will release nutrients and consume oxygen which will create an imbalance in the aquarium.
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pruning the plants

we know that many aquarists have trouble pruning their plants in time! avoid harsh pruning that brings imbalance in the aquarium. prune regularly by removing the oldest leaves on rosette plants, the longest stems, superfluous runners and trim mosses and ground carpets. that will keep the plants in good growth and keep them from providing shade for each other and maintain their vigour. Polygonum sp. a: stem plant
1) stems approaching the surface
2) cut just above where leaves set
3) create side shoots willingly
Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae)
e: rosette
1) the plant is too large
2) remove elderly leaves at the base
3) make room for new growth
Eleocharis parvula
h: stolon
1) the lawn is long and bushy
2) cut down hard with scissors (2 cm height) 3) will create new leaves in a few days
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algae growth can Be limiteD BY simple methoDs

algae growth is usually the main reason for giving up this hobby. But algae will always appear in an aquarium. algae are basic plants that require very similar conditions to regular aquarium plants i.e. light and nutrients. too many fish in relation to plants will create an imbalance in the aquarium and is the most common reason of algae problems. the main reason to these problems is the remains of excess food and excrements which gives an excess of nutrients to the water. it promotes algae growth as well as direct sun light. read more about algae on www.tropica.com. Algae can be prevented by: Frequent water change Good plant growth, use of fast growing or floating plants Put a selection of algae eating fish, shrimps and snails into the aquarium as soon a possible
most common algae tYpes
Green water algae green water algae are microscopic single-celled algae which make the water unclear and totally green. try with frequent and larger water change, turn off the light (2-3 days) and plant in more fast growing plants. Do not add any fertiliser and minimise fish feeding.
Thread algae thread algae are typically green, threadforming algae which are growing on the plant leaves and on decorations. try first to remove them mechanically with a rough surfaced stick and then add algae-eating shrimps and fish.
Benthic algae Benthic algae can be green, brown and black it their form and appear on leaves, gravel, glass surfaces, stones and roots, etc. try first to remove mechanically (with a soft sponge), turn off the light for a couple of days and plant in fast growing plants. then add appropriate fish, shrimps and snails that are effective algae eaters.
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Cherry shrimps are effective algae eaters and they can breed readily in most aquariums!
10 gooD aDvices on how to get a gooD result

purpose make up your mind about what you want to achieve with your aquarium, how much money do you want to spend, and how much time do you want to spend on maintaining it. Layout and decorations make a design for your aquarium layout before you contact your local dealer. to help create depth and space for both plants and animals it is recommended to use decoration materials such as wood, roots and stones. plants must be planted according to their size and to their need of light (the light in the corners of the aquarium are much less than in the centre of the aquarium). see www.tropica.com for more layouts and inspiration. Select your plants select your plants in relation to the choice of technical equipment and also by bearing in mind the time you are prepared to spend on maintaining your aquarium. Difficult plants require good light and co2 to achieve good results. planting follow the instructions for planting to get the best possible results. remember that most plants are fast growing so make sure that the plants will get enough room from the start. Fast growing plants fast growing plants take up a lot of nutrients and bring good balance to the aquarium. they do not necessarily have to remain a part of the layout but they are important when starting up the aquarium. Algae eaters fish, shrimp and snails are effective algae eaters and by combining them in the aquarium they can control different algae types. they should be put into the aquarium as soon as possible after the start. contact your dealer for more specific details. water change You cannot change too much water! change around 25% several times during the first couple of weeks and subsequently once a week. 25% per week minimum is the recommendation and up to 50% if there are signs of algae. Fertilizer a nutrient-rich substrate in the bottom layer is sufficient during the start-up of the aquarium. wait for plant growth before starting with liquid fertilizer. During the start-up add only 50% or less of the dose recommended until new growth forms. Begin by using a fertilizer without nitrogen and phosphorous. pruning help your aquarium to maintain a good balance by pruning the plants frequently. You can prune them back considerably! re-planting of stems and runners is recommended to maintain good growth. prevent algae prevention is better than cure. By using fast growing plants, algae eating fish, frequent water change and by mechanical removal you can reduce algae problems. when necessary turn off lights or minimise photoperiods too.
Photo: Ole Pedersen
95
tropica aquacare when You want to treat Your plants!

tropica plants have from the very start everything they need to grow large, healthy and beautiful. But even more sturdy plants make some demands on their surroundings if they are to grow optimally. aquacare is adjusted to the plants needs and is developed on the basis of 40 years of experience with producing plants. the fertilizer is supplemented with nutrients that are not supplied by residues from fish feed and fish excrement. But add fertilizer with caution! if only the new/young leaves are pale (transparent) they require a fertilizer without nitrogen and phosphor. if the entire plant is pale it requires a fertilizer containing nitrogen and phosphorous.
96
Photo: Ole Pedersen
plant suBstrate
2.5 / 5 l
plant suBstrate acts as a long term nutrition store for the plants and ensures vigorous and healthy growth. plant suBstrate is a natural concentrate on clay and sphagnum, laid at the bottom of the gravel layer when you build your aquarium.
plant nutrition liquid
100 / 250 / 500 ml

plant nutrition liquid contains most of the nutrients for healthy and sustained plant growth. plant nutrition liquid does not contain nitrogen (n) and phosphorous (p). it supplies the nutrients that plants easily use and that the plants can ideally take-up via the leaves.
plant nutrition+ liquid
100 / 250 / 500 ml

plant nutrition+ liquid contains all essential nutrients needed including nitrogen (n) and phosphorous (p). plant nutrition+ liquid is suitable for aquariums with many plants in relation to the number of fish and where the plants can lack nitrogen and phosphorous that otherwise would be supplied by fish feed and fish excrement.
97
plant inDeX
plant name alternanthera reineckii pink (roseafolia) alternanthera reineckii purple (lilacina) anubias barteri var. angustifolia anubias barteri var. barteri anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705 anubias barteri coffeefolia anubias barteri var. nana aponogeton boivinianus aponogeton crispus aponogeton longiplumulosus aponogeton madagascariensis aponogeton ulvaceus azolla caroliniana Bacopa australis Bacopa caroliniana Bacopa monnieri Bolbitis heudelotii cabomba caroliniana cardamine lyrata ceratophyllum demersum foxtail ceratopteris thalictroides cladophora aegagrophila crinum calamistratum crinum natans crinum thaianum cryptocoryne beckettii petchii cryptocoryne crispatula var. balansae cryptocoryne parva cryptocoryne undulata broad leaves cryptocoryne wendtii brown cryptocoryne wendtii green cryptocoryne wendtii mi oya cryptocoryne wendtii tropica cryptocoryne x willisii cyperus helferi Didiplis diandra echinodorus aquartica echinodorus x barthii echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) echinodorus cordifolius ssp. fluitans echinodorus macrophyllus echinodorus osiris echinodorus ozelot echinodorus ozelot green echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius echinodorus quadricostatus echinodorus red Diamond echinodorus red special echinodorus ros echinodorus rubin echinodorus tenellus echinodorus uruguayensis echinodorus vesuvius egeria densa eleocharis parvula glossostigma elatinoides hemianthus callitrichoides cuba hemianthus micranthemoides number 023 023B 101c 101a 101u 101g 101 088 083 089D 089 086 013 043a 043 044 006 015 024 021a 005a 000c 094a 094 093 108a 125 106 110a 109c 109 109D 109e 107 133a 031 074f 072a 071 073D 073 072 073f 073g 076 068 074D 073J 072B 074B 067 070a 067c 058 132c 045a 048B 048a Difficulty page 21 21 22 22 23 23 24 24 26 26 27 27 28 28 29 29 30 30 31 31 32 32 34 34 35 35 36 36 37 37 38 38 39 39 40 40 41 41 42 42 44 44 45 45 46 46 47 47 48 48 49 49 50 50 52 52 53 53 heteranthera zosterifolia hydrocotyle sibthorpioides (maritima) hydrocotyle verticillata hygrophila corymbosa hygrophila corymbosa angustifolia hygrophila corymbosa compact hygrophila corymbosa siamensis hygrophila corymbosa siamensis 53B hygrophila difformis hygrophila pinnatifida hygrophila polysperma hygrophila polysperma rosanervig Juncus repens lilaeopsis brasiliensis lilaeopsis mauritiana limnobium laevigatum limnophila aquatica limnophila sessiliflora lindernia rotundifolia lobelia cardinalis ludwigia arcuata ludwigia glandulosa ludwigia repens rubin marsilea hirsuta micranthemum umbrosum microsorum pteropus microsorum pteropus narrow microsorum pteropus windelv monosolenium tenerum myriophyllum mattogrossense myriophyllum mezianum nesaea crassicaulis nesaea pedicellata nymphaea lotus (zenkeri) pogostemon erectus pogostemon helferi pogostemon stellata (eusteralis) polygonum sp. proserpinaca palustris cuba riccia fluitans rotala rotundifolia rotala sp. green rotala wallichii sagittaria platyphylla sagittaria subulata salvinia natans samolus valerandi shinnersia rivularis weiss-grn staurogyne repens taxiphyllum barbieri (vesicularia) utricularia graminifolia vallisneria americana var. asiatica vallisneria americana (gigantea) vallisneria americana mini twister vallisneria americana (natans) vallisneria nana vallisneria spiralis tiger vesicularia dubyana christmas vesicularia ferriei weeping moss 096 039a 039 053 052a 052D 053a 053B 051 051a 050 050B 133f 040 040B 063 046 047 045 053c 035 035a 033D 010 048 008 008a 008B 002c 037 037B 033B 033c 019 053f 053h 053g 023f 037c 001 033 033a 032a 081 079 011 026 053e 049g 003 049B 056a 054 056B 055 056c 055a 003a 003B 54 54 55 55 56 56 58 58 59 59 60 60 61 61 62 62 63 63 64 64 65 65 66 66 67 67 68 68 70 70 71 71 72 72 73 73 74 74 75 75 76 76 77 77 78 78 79 79 80 80 82 82 83 83 84 84 85 85 86
98
PRODuCT RANgE
XL-pLants
Alternanthera reineckii Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705 Bacopa caroliniana Bolbitis heudelotii Crinum calamistratum Crinum natans Crinum thaianum Cryptocoryne wendtii Tropica Echinodorus x barthii Echinodorus bleheri (bleherae) Echinodorus Ozelot Echinodorus Ozelot green Echinodorus palaefolius var. latifolius Echinodorus Red Special Echinodorus Ros Echinodorus Rubin Hygrophila corymbosa Siamensis Microsorum pteropus Microsorum pteropus Windelv Number 023 101u 043 006 094A 094 093 109E 072A 071 073F 073g 076 073J 072B 074B 053A 008 008B Difficulty Page 21 23 29 30 34 34 35 39 41 42 45 45 46 47 48 48 58 67 68
FLoating pLants
Azolla caroliniana Ceratophyllum demersum Foxtail limnobium laevigatum Riccia fluitans Salvinia natans
Number 013 021A 063 001 011
Difficulty
Page 28 31 62 75 78
Bunched pLants
Alternanthera reineckii Pink (roseafolia) Bacopa caroliniana Cabomba caroliniana Egeria densa Hygrophila corymbosa Hygrophila difformis Vallisneria americana var. asiatica Vallisneria americana (natans)
Number 023 043 015 058 053 051 056A 055
Difficulty
Page 21 29 30 50 55 59 82 84
aquadecor
Anubias barteri var. nana Bolbitis heudelotii Cryptocoryne becketti petchii Hemianthus callitrichoides Cuba Microsorum pteropus Microsorum pteropus Narrow Microsorum pteropus Windelv Monosolenium tenerum Pogostemon helferi Riccia fluitans Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) Vesicularia dubyana Christmas
Number 101 006 108A 048B 008 008A 008B 002C 053H 001 003 003A
Difficulty
Page 24 30 35 53 67 68 68 70 73 75 80 85
BuLBs
Aponogeton boivinianus Aponogeton longiplumulosus Aponogeton madagascariensis Aponogeton ulvaceus Nymphaea lotus (zenkeri)
Number 088 089D 089 086 019
Difficulty
Page 24 26 27 27 72
Mosses
Monosolenium tenerum Riccia fluitans Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) Vesicularia dubyana Christmas Vesicularia ferriei Weeping moss
Number 002C 001 003 003A 003B
Difficulty
Page 70 75 80 85 86
= EASy = AVERAgE = DIFFICulT
Illustration: Anubias barteri var. caladiifolia 1705
99
Tropica Aquarium Plants A/S

Mejlbyvej 200 DK-8250 Egaa Denmark Tlf. +45 86220566 Fax +45 86228466 E-mail: tropica@tropica.dk www.tropica.com
English ISBN 978-87-98685456
3 | 3 | DKK 25

Tropica Plant Guide

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Water colour illustrations:

Illustration: Staurogyne repens

Habitat for Staurogyne repens

Discovering new plants for the aquarium

Illustration: Azolla caroliniana

let the Dream Become realitY

Photo: Oliver Knott

The ClassiC layouT

DifficultY some eXperience

Result 55 days after set-up a a

The sTaRTeR layouT

time/week 0.5 hour

Result 48 days after set-up

The ChilDRens aquaRiuM

time/week 0.5 hour

Result 48 days after set-up

The nano aquaRiuM

Result 42 days after set-up

The shoW aquaRiuM

time/week 1-2 hours

Result 55 days after set-up B a

inTRoDuCTion To TRoPiCas PRoDuCT RanGe

aquaDeCoR PlanTs GRoWn on WooD anD lavasTone

Microsorum pteropus Windelv photo: Jan Ole Pedersen

Mosses PlenTy oF oPPoRTuniTies!

Taxiphyllum barbieri (Vesicularia) photo: George Farmer

FloaTinG PlanTs anoTheR PeRsPeCTive!

BunCheD PlanTs easy anD FasT PlanTinG!

Egeria densa Popular bunched plant Fast growing Undemanding

BulBs The Joy oF eXPeCTaTions!

Nymphea lotus (zenkeri) photo: Claus Christensen

plants from a-Z

origin: height: wiDth: temperature: gh: ph: coDe:

light: growth rate: DemanDs:

low slow easY

high fast Difficult

CTRP02 5_B.pd x105m f m

CTRP02 5_F.pdf x105m m

alternanthera reineckii 'pink' (roseafolia)

light: growth rate: DemanDs:

low slow easY

high fast Difficult

alternanthera reineckii 'purple' (lilacina)

light: growth rate: DemanDs:

low slow easY

high fast Difficult

anubias barteri var. angustifolia

light: growth rate: DemanDs:

low slow easY

high fast Difficult

anubias barteri var. barteri

light: growth rate: DemanDs:

low slow easY

high fast Difficult

anubias barteri var. caladiifolia ''1705''

light: growth rate: DemanDs:

low slow easY

high fast Difficult

anubias barteri ''coffeefolia''

light: growth rate: DemanDs: