KnowHow Series

,
& Audio/Video






.

, 09/2006

URL: http://www.avmentor.gr, 2006

, AUDIO/VIDEO

(
)
,

,
,
, ,
. ,
,

,
( ),
( RGBHV),
(
) .
, ,
:
( ,
),
(
...) (
/
). ,
- : single
ended balanced
audio (; ; ;),

RGB YUV, ,
,


...
, ,
.
. , ,

(
HDMI
...).
,
.

.
,
AV
: Ethernet USB

, , / .

,

.

(http:\\www.avmentor.gr\about\ds_bio.htm)

, AUDIO/VIDEO

,
& Audio/Video

:
, . , ,
,
RCA IEEE1394/Firewire/iLink. , ()
, : Digital
Visual Interface ;

.

( )


, ,


. ,

16bit/44.1kHz
, -
4

( jitter,
, ,
). ,

,
/,

,

.
, ,

:

-
, ,
:
...

A
Audio
,
. ,
,
,


,

.

Single Ended
(
,
DIN) audio

RCA Cinch.

, AUDIO/VIDEO

0

.

(
)
twisted pair
,




( )
.

alanced

,
.

LR
(
Canon) T


180


(Common Mode Noise).

twisted pair
.
(
)


,
single ended ,

Balanced
.

Video
,

,


(Red, Green, Blue -K, ,
)


,

(
) .

,
RGBHV, RGBS, RGsB

,

.

,

RGBHV

single ended. E


,
RCA ( )
Cinch.

(Red/Green/Blue/Horizontal/Vertical
Sync.).

,

RGBS
.
( )

, ,

RGsB. O RGB

,
BNC

75.
H

,
RGB.
video






(Luminance Y)

(Chrominance -C)

,
,


R,G,B /
.
(,
)

(Progressive Scan)
Y/Pb/Pr. N


single ended
audio,
:
!

S-Video (Y/C)
H S-Video


S-VHS (o
400
240 VHS,
O ( balanced)


.

XLR Canon.
.

(Component),


RGB.

DVDVideo players
Y/Cb/Cr YUV.

( )
Cinch

(Y),
(Cb)
(Cr). T
5

, AUDIO/VIDEO

R, G, B

(H, V)


BNC.

(Pb/Cb, Pr/Cr)
(Y).

Cinch.
,

YUV,
Y/Cb/Cr

.

To SCART
Euroconnector



,

.


AV


SCART.

RGB E YUV...

RGBHV ( RGB) YUV
DVD-Video players.
MPEG-2 YUV ( Y/Cb/Cr,
),
RGB YUV,
( -- )
.
,
( BNC) ,
,
RGB YUV.
RGB YUV


(gamut).
:
RGB YUV; , .
YUV !
Y/Cb/Cr
RGB player
YUV/RGB .
6

).


(Y)
(C)

RGB.


. S-Video
mini-Din
.

(Composite -Y/C -CVBS)

( )

,
. H

Y
C,
(
...)
(Comb-Filter). S-Video



. Composite

Cinch

( )

.

/
(RF)
RF
(,
)

(FM).


consumer


RF

. O
RF
RF

(PAL-Belling Lee) ,
F
(,
)

SCART (uroconnector,
IEC 933-1)
H SCART

,
Composite, SVideo RGB,
( )


. SCART (

, AUDIO/VIDEO

Syndicat des Constructeurs dAppareils
Radiorecepteurs et Televiseurs -

)

, ,
, .
SCART
downscaled
( 21
)
,
...
,
. SCART
,

. SCART
RGB
(

): RGsB (

-Sync on Green),
RGBs (
composite,
SCART)

,
audio
1985,
Sony ES CD
player ( CDP-650ES)

( DAS-702ES).


DAC
,
,

.

audio
:

Toslink
.

S/PDIF

Sony/Philips Digital InterFace

, --
S/PDIF SPDI/F.
,



:
,
coaxial- ( )
. O

,

(
)
Composite. ,


RF /.

Cinch,
BNC (Bayonet Neill Concelman),

75,
.
, ,

LED ( Laser...)

.


- -
.
ToshLink ( TosLink,

ToshibaLink...)

.

,
(
- )
(

),

RF -- .



, VHS
.

S-Video
mini-DIN

S-VHS.

(

DTS).
Toshlink (
) ST Glass AT&T.

Upconversion Downconversion:
!

RGBHV
broadcasting Downconversion. A
,
,
, Upconversion,
- Downconversion,
,
,
.
upconversion:

downconverted
Y/Pb/Pr Composite
Y/Pb/Pr.
7

, AUDIO/VIDEO

H

consumer
1985
player CDP-650ES
dac DAS-702ES
Sony. To


S/PDIF

.
(Toslink)
.

75

.


BNC.

S/PDIF
balanced
. H

AES/EBU.

AES3.

,
.



ST-Glass

Toslink
.

ST Glass


, (
)
.

AES/EBU AES3

8

audio (
(Audio
Engineering Society/European
Broadcasting Union)
balanced
XLR
twisted pair .

.
, ,
iLink,

,
iLink iLink
.

,


(
AES/EBU)
AES3. S/PDIF
AES/EBU



. A ,

, AES/EBU

S/PDIF.
S/PDIF AES/EBU
.

iLink (udio)


(
16bit/44.1kHz) SA-CD
DVD-A .

IEEE 1394
.

,
.

:


( ) bitrate

.

- consumer
-

, AUDIO/VIDEO

. H pple

IEEE 1394 multimedia
,

,

: To DVI

.

1394


400bps.

, FireWire
Apple.
IEEE 1394
multimedia,

IEEE 1394

camcorders DV/miniDV

,
. IEEE 1394/FireWire
balanced

(

)
iLink (
).
iLink
Audio.

DVI (-I, -A, -D)

To DVI
Digital Visual Interface
,

. ,



(
DLP): DVI-D
( Digital Visual Interface - Digital,
)
balanced



TMDS ( Transition Minimized
Differential Signaling,

Silicon Image,

). DVI
.
DVI-D, :
H DVI-A (, Digital Visual Interface Analogue...),
RGBHV
DVI, DVI-I (Intergrated)
-D -A.

5
.

IEEE1394


FireWire (
Apple),
iLink (
Sony -
iLink
audio)

DV/miniDV.
balanced,



.

DVI
( ).
.
HDMI
( -
)









.

,

.

@#$!* ;

DVI/HDMI
() .
-
.
(handshaking)
.

.

. ,
/ /
.
, (
)
( )
. , (
)
. ,
!
9

, AUDIO/VIDEO

DVI-A
DVI-D.

HDMI
T HDMI (High Definition Multimedia
Interface )
DVI .


2 8

,
48kHz
192kz
25
(
5
DVI). H V 1.0
,
HDMI

165Mbps

. HDMI

(
...) HDCP.
H HDMI
1.3. H
, ,

camcorders , ,

Ethernet Audio/Video
T Ethernet
, audio/video
, ,
(broadband) .
router/modem , ,
Ethernet. , (
) -. Ethernet
- .
(twisted pair) data
100 . O RJ45. Ethernet 10Mbps
100Mbps (Mega bits/s Mega ytes/s!)
. audio/video Ethernet
: servers ( av, server
,
) clients (
server, player
). A/V
Ethernet Streaming. , streaming

. ,
client/server audio streaming,
( ) player. streaming --
( ) .
A
. H
Ethernet
.
10Mbps (
) 10 100Mbps ( ).
Ethernet

,
,
internet media streaming.

10

RJ-45,

Ethernet. (
)

100 . RJ45 .

, AUDIO/VIDEO

/ (
10.2Gbps/340Hz)

30, 32 48bit
RGB YCbCr. HDMI 1.3,
,

xvYCC (
1.8 ).
,

interface, LipSync


Dolby TrueHD DTSHD Master Audio
.

USB Audio/Video
T USB (Universal Serial Bus)
1995. --
/

. USB -:
USB ,
host/device.
. , - USB Host- media player
, media player
. ,
USB USB 2.0 480Mbps (
USB 2.0 ).
( ) .
hosts
USB, . A
. host, ( flash
media players) . 2.0
, Mini-A, Mini-B ini-AB
(camcorders, PDAs, , .). audio/video
USB . , (
) / .
USB audio
DAC. , ( media player ) DAC .

USB.


host ( ).


, ,


host.

11

URL: http://www.avmentor.gr, 2006