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Qualitative research: Auditing

Different accounting/auditing for different purposes:


Social accounting Environmental SEA

Gray et al (1997) Social accounting is the universe of all possible accountings

Social audit, social responsibility accounting, corporate social reporting, values report, social statement, ethical auditsetc. The problem of accounting entity, account and recipient

Report for the consumption of

Reports compiled by Internal participants External participants NGO report Environmental consultant

Internal participants

Social accounts Programme evaluation Performance indicator Compliance audit

External participants

Social reports (narrative, quantitative, financial) Mission statement Environmental report

Social Audit Ltd Greenpeace Journalist External social audits

Defining Stakeholder
Stakeholder perspective Accountability perspective Polyvocal perspective

SER and SERA (FR and auditing FR)


AccountAbility GRI

Voluntary adoption Managerial capture the oppressors & the oppressed Dialogical approach participatory

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