WSC 11 Art

People

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Radical French painter Gustave Courbet (1819-1877) spearheaded Realism. He and his followers focused on everyday scenes of peasants and landscapes and still-life compositions. French inventor Joseph Nicephore Niepce (1765-1833) discovered a chemical process that captured light on metal plates in the 19th century, and later worked with Louis Daguerre to perfect the process.

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In the 1870s, Thomas Eakins worked with motion photographer Eadweard Muybridge who introduced techniques of capturing moments on film by taking a series of photos in rapid succession.

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The British surgeon Joseph Lister came up with the germ theory and demonstrated that patients were far more likely to survive when doctors sterilized wounds and bandages. By the 1870s, German physician Robert Koch proved that washing hands and instruments before surgery could prevent patients from dying of infection. One of the greatest Impressionists, Claude Monet, completed many copies of the same landscape (haystacks) at different times of day to see how the setting sun changed the mood. In 1841 American portrait artist John Rand invented the collapsible zinc paint tube. In the 1880s, a Dutch Impressionist, Vincent van Gogh, experimented with brilliant colors and his super thick, impasto layering of paint. (E.g. Starry Night) Norwegian Post-Impressionist Edvard Munch painted The Scream, to reflect how he felt. Schieles Death and Woman.

10. When the World War began, painters channeled their hatred and sadness into art such as Egon 11. In 1925, German art critic Franz Roh coined the term Magic realism for works of art that seemed anti-Expressionism and pro-New Objectivity. 12. American artist Andrew Wyeth painted Christinas World, a form of Magic Realism. 13. Paul Gauguin drew Where do we come from? Where are we? Where are we going?

14. Giacoma Balla found inspiration in Georges Seurat, a Divisionist painter. 15. Josephic Nivison was Edward Hoppers wife.

16. John Trumbull produced The Declaration of Independence.